JP2019171518A - Long work-piece supporting device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a supporting device which can support a long work-piece while maintaining a centering state.SOLUTION: A long work-piece supporting device 70, which is a device for supporting a long work-piece W in a centering state, has: plural claw parts 71, 71, 71 which contact an outer peripheral surface of the long work-piece W; the same number of hydraulic actuators 72, 72, 72 as the claw parts 71, 71, 71, which are hydraulically operated, and so drive each claw part 71, 71, 71 as to be capable of advancing and retreating with respect to the outer peripheral surface; and a hydraulic supply part 73 which supplies hydraulic pressure to the plural hydraulic actuators 72, 72, 72. The hydraulic supply part 73 has a hydraulic supply path 74 which is branched, and is connected to the plural hydraulic actuators 72, 72, 72 respectively.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 14

Description

  The present invention relates to a long workpiece support device.

  For example, a crankshaft for an automobile engine is usually cut at both axial end faces of a crankshaft material formed by forging or the like (hereinafter referred to as a crankshaft in this specification), and then subjected to centering processing. By doing so, the overall length of the crankshaft is determined and the center of rotation is set. Next, the outer peripheral surface of the journal part is cut and the outer peripheral surface of the pin part is cut. Also, machining such as oil drilling and screw tapping is performed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Further, if necessary, machining such as recentering may be performed after the heat treatment.

  Among these, end face processing such as screw tapping is performed in a state where only one axial end side of the crankshaft is supported by the main shaft of the lathe. Therefore, during the end face processing, the other end in the axial direction of the crankshaft is often supported by a steady rest device so that the crankshaft is not cantilevered.

  Here, for example, Patent Document 2 proposes a steady rest device used when grinding a pin portion of a crankshaft. This steadying device has three steadying arms whose tips are in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the crankshaft, and three servo motors that drive the steadying arms. Each steadying arm and servo motor are connected to each other via a screw shaft and a rod, and the rod moves back and forth in accordance with the amount of rotation of the servo motor. Thereby, the driving amount of each steadying arm (the position of each arm tip with respect to the outer peripheral surface) is determined according to the rotation amount of the servo motor.

JP-A-6-31542 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-179640

  The steady rest device described in Patent Document 2 has a structure in which a crankshaft is supported by a driving force of a servo motor. For this reason, as described above, even when the crankshaft is supported only at one end in the longitudinal direction (cantilevered), it is necessary to maintain the previous centering state. (Stabilizing force) was not sufficient. In addition, as described above, when each steadying arm is independently driven by a servomotor, the driving of each steadying arm is controlled by each servomotor so that the centering position of the crankshaft is not shifted. It was very difficult.

  The above-mentioned problem is not limited to the crankshaft machining process, but may occur in all cases where it is necessary to support a long workpiece while maintaining a centered state.

  In view of the above circumstances, in the present invention, it is a technical problem to be solved to provide a support device capable of supporting a long workpiece while maintaining a centering state.

  The solution to the above-described problem is achieved by the long workpiece support device according to the present invention. In other words, this support device is a device for supporting a long workpiece in a centered state, and is operated by a plurality of claw portions that abut on the outer peripheral surface of the long workpiece and hydraulically, and each claw portion is arranged on the outer periphery. There are as many hydraulic actuator parts as there are claw parts that are driven to move back and forth with respect to the surface, and a hydraulic supply part that supplies hydraulic pressure to a plurality of hydraulic actuator parts. The hydraulic supply part branches into a plurality of hydraulic actuator parts. Characterized by having a hydraulic supply path connected to each other.

  As described above, in the long work supporting device according to the present invention, the outer peripheral surface of the long work is supported by the plurality of claw portions driven by the hydraulic actuator portions, and the hydraulic pressure is applied to the same number of hydraulic actuator portions as the claw portions. The hydraulic pressure supply section to be supplied is provided with a hydraulic pressure supply path that is branched and connected to a plurality of hydraulic actuator sections. In this way, by allowing the hydraulic pressure to be supplied to each hydraulic actuator section through the hydraulic supply path that branches and is connected to each of the plurality of hydraulic actuator sections, an equal amount of hydraulic pressure is supplied to each hydraulic actuator section. The Therefore, by operating each hydraulic actuator, the outer peripheral surface of the long workpiece can be automatically supported with a uniform force from a plurality of directions via the corresponding claw portions. This makes it possible to support the outer peripheral surface of the long workpiece while maintaining the position (centering position) of the long workpiece that has already been centered. In addition, by providing the hydraulic pressure supply path as described above, even if the geometric center of the support device is deviated from the centering position of the long workpiece, the hydraulic pressure of an equal size is supplied to each hydraulic actuator unit. It is possible to support the outer peripheral surface of the long workpiece with a uniform force from a plurality of directions while maintaining the centering position of the long workpiece. Therefore, for example, it is possible to perform highly accurate end face machining on a crankshaft supported in a centering state by a main spindle of a lathe.

  Further, in the long workpiece support device according to the present invention, the long workpiece is attached in a state of being centered on the spindle of the lathe, the lathe has a tool base on which a tool can be mounted, An electric motor for applying a driving force to the tool mounted on the tool table, and the hydraulic supply unit has a hydraulic pump connected to three hydraulic actuators via a hydraulic supply path, and the hydraulic pump is an electric motor It may be connected to the electric motor so that it can generate hydraulic pressure by receiving the driving force.

  The support device according to the present invention can be installed at any position as long as it is on a processing device that performs predetermined processing on the long workpiece in a state where the long workpiece is centered, but from the viewpoint of facility downsizing, It is good to attach to a tool stand as mentioned above. Specifically, when a long workpiece is mounted while being centered on the main spindle of a lathe, a hydraulic pump is provided in the hydraulic supply unit, and this hydraulic pump is connected to an electric motor built in the tool table of the lathe. It is good. With this configuration, it is possible to supply hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic actuator unit without providing a power source for supplying hydraulic pressure separately from the drive device (electric motor) of the machining device (lathe). Therefore, a support apparatus can be comprised compactly.

  As described above, according to the apparatus for supporting a long workpiece according to the present invention, it is possible to support the long workpiece while maintaining the centering state.

It is the flow which showed the procedure of the processing method of the crankshaft which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the top view which showed notionally one structural example of the processing line for enforcing the processing method of the crankshaft shown in FIG. It is a top view of the processing apparatus used in the machining process shown in FIG. It is a side view of the processing apparatus shown in FIG. It is A arrow directional view in the unclamped state of the clamp apparatus shown in FIG. It is A arrow view in the clamped state of the crank apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the clamp device shown in FIG. 4. It is a side view for demonstrating one Example of the crankshaft full length determination process and centering process using the processing apparatus shown in FIG. It is a side view for demonstrating one Example of the journal part cutting process of the crankshaft using the processing apparatus shown in FIG. It is a principal part side view of the cutting unit for pin part cutting. It is a B arrow view of the cutting unit shown in FIG. It is a side view for demonstrating one Example of the pin part cutting process of the crankshaft using the cutting unit shown in FIG. It is a side view of the support apparatus of a crankshaft. It is C arrow line view of the support apparatus shown in FIG. It is a side view for demonstrating one Example of the screw tapping process of a crankshaft using the processing apparatus provided with the support apparatus shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, the content of the support apparatus of the elongate workpiece which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated based on drawing. In the present embodiment, the crankshaft machining line will be described as an example.

  FIG. 1 is a flow showing a procedure of a crankshaft processing method according to the present embodiment. This machining method includes, for example, a machining step S1 in which a crankshaft formed by forging or the like is subjected to predetermined machining to process the crankshaft into a predetermined shape, and a predetermined heat treatment is performed on the crankshaft that has undergone the machining step S1. And a finishing step S3 for finishing the crankshaft after the heat treatment step S2 into a predetermined product shape.

  Of these, the machining step S1 includes a full length determining step S11 in which both axial end faces of the crankshaft are cut to set the overall axial length of the crankshaft, and a centering process is performed on the crankshaft to center the axial end faces. Centering step S12 for providing a hole, journal portion cutting step S13 for cutting the journal portion of the crankshaft, pin portion cutting step S14 for cutting the pin portion of the crankshaft, and oil hole processing for the crankshaft An oil hole machining step S15, and a screw tapping step S16 that performs screw tapping on both axial end surfaces of the crankshaft. The finishing process S3 includes an end face grinding process S31 for grinding both end faces of the crankshaft, a pin part grinding process S32 for grinding the pin part of the crankshaft, and a journal part grinding process S33 for grinding the journal part of the crankshaft. With. Of course, depending on the type and specification of the crankshaft, it may further include machining steps other than those described above.

  FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the entire configuration of a crankshaft processing line 1 for processing the crankshaft in the procedure shown in FIG. As shown in this figure, the crankshaft machining line 1 according to the present embodiment includes a machining process S1, a heat treatment process S2, and a finishing process S3 arranged in series. Step S1 implements all the machining steps shown in FIG. 1 (full length determination step S11, centering step S12, journal portion cutting step S13, pin portion cutting step S14, oil hole machining step S15, screw tapping step S16). A machining apparatus 10 is provided. Further, the heat treatment step S2 includes a heat treatment apparatus 20 for applying a predetermined heat treatment to the crankshaft, and the finishing step S3 is a first grinding process for grinding the both end faces of the crankshaft in the end face grinding step S31. A device 30a, a second grinding device 30b for grinding the pin portion of the crankshaft in the pin portion grinding step S32, and a third for grinding the journal portion of the crankshaft in the journal portion grinding step S33. And a grinding apparatus 30c. Hereinafter, details of the machining apparatus 10 will be described.

 As shown in FIG. 3, the machining apparatus 10 mainly includes a lathe 40 and a clamp device 50. Among these, the lathe 40 includes a bed 41, a main shaft 42 attached to the bed 41, a tailstock 43 that moves relative to the main shaft 42, and a first tool table 44 and a second tool table 45. The first tool base 44 and the second tool base 45 are configured to be movable in three dimensions with respect to the bed 41 (in FIG. 3, it can be moved in all directions of XYZ). In the present embodiment, tools such as a milling tool 46 and a drill 47 are mounted on the tool mounting portion 44a of the first tool base 44, and the clamping device 50 according to the present invention is mounted on the tool mounting portion 45a of the second tool base 45. ing.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the clamp device 50 includes a hydraulic pump 51, a hydraulic actuator 52 that operates with the hydraulic pressure generated by the hydraulic pump 51, and a crankshaft W (in FIG. 5, It mainly has a pair of clamp parts 53, 53 for clamping (shown by a two-dot chain line). In the present embodiment, two pairs of clamp portions 53, 53, 54, 54 are attached to the hydraulic actuator 52 in order to clamp the crankshaft W as a long workpiece at two positions spaced apart in the axial direction (FIG. 4). See).

  Here, the hydraulic pump 51 is mounted on the outer periphery of the tool mounting portion 45 a of the second tool base 45. The tool mounting portion 45a incorporates an electric motor 45b as a driving device (shown by a broken line in FIG. 4), and the hydraulic pump 51 can generate hydraulic pressure by the driving force of the electric motor 45b. The output shaft 45b1 of the electric motor 45b and the input shaft (not shown) of the hydraulic pump 51 are configured to be connectable. In the present embodiment, when the tool attachment portion 45a rotates, the clamp device 50 attached to the tool attachment portion 45a also rotates integrally. The input shaft of the hydraulic pump 51 is connected to the output shaft 45b1 of the electric motor 45b by matching the phase of the electric motor 45b built in the tool base 45 with the phase of the hydraulic pump 51. . The same applies to the connection mode between the hydraulic pump 63 of the cutting unit 60 and the electric motor 45b, which will be described later, and the connection mode between the hydraulic pump 73 of the support device 70 and the electric motor 45b.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the hydraulic actuator 52 includes a hydraulic cylinder 55, a link portion 56 that changes the movement direction of the hydraulic cylinder 55 to the clamping direction of the pair of clamp portions 53, 53, and the hydraulic pump 51. Hydraulic supply passages 57a and 57b for supplying the hydraulic pressure generated in the above to the hydraulic cylinder 55. In the present embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder 55 is a so-called reciprocating hydraulic cylinder, and the first port 51a of the hydraulic pump 51 and the first oil chamber 55a of the hydraulic cylinder 55 are connected by a first hydraulic supply path 57a. It is connected. The second port 51b of the hydraulic pump 51 and the second oil chamber 55b of the hydraulic cylinder 55 are connected by a second hydraulic supply path 57b. The first oil chamber 55a and the second oil chamber 55b are partitioned by a linear motion portion 55c. Accordingly, the hydraulic pressure is supplied to one of the first oil chamber 55a and the second oil chamber 55b of the hydraulic cylinder 55 according to the rotational drive direction of the hydraulic pump 51, and the linear motion portion 55c of the hydraulic cylinder 55 is set to a predetermined value. It is designed to move straight in the direction.

  Specifically, when the hydraulic pump 51 rotates in the first direction R1 (see FIG. 7) according to the rotational drive direction of the electric motor 45b (see FIG. 4), the first port 51a first A predetermined hydraulic pressure is supplied to the first oil chamber 55a of the hydraulic cylinder 55 via the hydraulic pressure supply path 57a. As a result, the linear motion portion 55c of the hydraulic cylinder 55 is pushed into the hydraulic pump 51 side, so that the pair of clamp portions 53, 53 move in a direction approaching each other via the link portion 56 (state shown in FIG. 6). Further, when the hydraulic pump 51 rotates in the second direction R2 (see FIG. 7) according to the rotational drive direction of the electric motor 45b, a predetermined value is transmitted from the second port 51b via the second hydraulic pressure supply path 57b. Hydraulic pressure is supplied to the second oil chamber 55 b of the hydraulic cylinder 55. As a result, the linearly moving portion 55c of the hydraulic cylinder 55 is pushed into the crankshaft W side, so that the pair of clamp portions 53 and 53 move away from each other via the link portion 56 (state shown in FIG. 5). 5 and 6 show one hydraulic cylinder 55 and one link portion 56, but actually, the hydraulic cylinder 55 and the link are respectively connected to the two pairs of clamp portions 53 and 53 (54 and 54). A portion 56 is provided.

  In addition to the lathe 40 and the clamp device 50, the machining device 10 according to the present embodiment includes a cutting unit 60 (see FIG. 10) for cutting the outer peripheral surface of the crankshaft W, and the crankshaft W. And a support device 70 (see FIG. 13) for rotatably supporting.

  Among these, the cutting unit 60 is used in a state of being mounted on the second tool base 45 of the lathe 40 as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, for cutting the outer peripheral surface of the crankshaft W, for example. A cutting cutter 61 and a rotating device 62 that rotates the cutting cutter 61 are provided. In this embodiment, the cutting cutter is an outer cutter. The rotating device 62 includes a hydraulic pump 63 connected to the electric motor 45b of the second tool base 45, and a hydraulic motor 64 that operates with the hydraulic pressure generated by the hydraulic pump 63 by driving the electric motor 45b.

  Here, the output shaft 45b1 of the electric motor 45b and the input shaft (not shown) of the hydraulic pump 63 are connected to each other so that the hydraulic pump 63 can generate hydraulic pressure by the driving force of the electric motor 45b. . The primary side of the hydraulic motor 64 and the hydraulic pump 63 are connected via a hydraulic supply path 65a, and the secondary side of the hydraulic motor 64 is connected to a hydraulic discharge path 65b. As a result, the hydraulic pressure generated by the hydraulic pump 63 is supplied from the primary side to the hydraulic motor 64 via the hydraulic pressure supply path 65 a and discharged from the secondary side of the hydraulic motor 64. With such movement of the hydraulic pressure, the rotating shaft 64a of the hydraulic motor 64 rotates in a predetermined direction, and the cutting cutter 61 connected to the rotating shaft 64a via the connecting member 66 rotates in a predetermined direction. It has become.

  The support device 70 is a device for rotatably supporting the centered crankshaft W, and is attached to the tool mounting portion 45a of the second tool base 45 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 14, the support device 70 is hydraulically operated with a plurality of claw portions 71, 71, 71 that can come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the crankshaft W, and each claw portion 71, 71, 71 is connected to each other. The hydraulic cylinders 72, 72, 72 as hydraulic actuators of the same number as the claw portions that are driven to move forward and backward with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the crankshaft W, and the hydraulic pressure supply unit that supplies hydraulic pressure to the plurality of hydraulic cylinders 72, 72, 72 As a hydraulic pump 73. In the present embodiment, three claw portions 71, 71, 71, three hydraulic cylinders 72, 72, 72, and one hydraulic pump 73 are provided in the support device 70.

  The hydraulic pump 73 has a hydraulic supply path 74 that branches and is connected to the three hydraulic cylinders 72, 72, 72, respectively. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 14, the hydraulic supply path 74 connects the first port 73 a of the hydraulic pump 73 and the first oil chambers 72 a, 72 a, 72 a of the hydraulic cylinders 72, 72, 72 to each other. The first hydraulic pressure supply path 74b that connects the first hydraulic pressure supply path 74a to be connected, the second port 73b of the hydraulic pump 73, and the second oil chambers 72b, 72b, 72b of the hydraulic cylinders 72, 72, 72 to each other. And have. The first oil chamber 72a and the second oil chamber 72b are partitioned by a linear motion portion 72c. Thereby, according to the rotational drive direction of the hydraulic pump 73, the hydraulic pressure is supplied to one of the first oil chamber 72a and the second oil chamber 72b of each hydraulic cylinder 72, and the linear motion portion 72c of the hydraulic cylinder 72 is predetermined. It is designed to move straight in the direction of.

  Further, the first oil chambers 72a, 72a, 72a of the three hydraulic cylinders 72, 72, 72 described above can circulate a hydraulic transmission medium (usually oil) through the first hydraulic pressure supply path 74a. It is said. Further, the second oil chambers 72b, 72b, 72b of the three hydraulic cylinders 72, 72, 72 are capable of circulating a hydraulic transmission medium with each other via the second hydraulic pressure supply path 74b. Therefore, the hydraulic pressure acting on the linear motion portion 72c from the first oil chamber 72a side and the second oil chamber 72b side of each hydraulic cylinder 72 is equalized in all the hydraulic cylinders 72, 72, 72. Is equalized automatically.

  The hydraulic pump 73 is configured to be able to transmit power to and from the electric motor 45b built in the second tool base 45. Specifically, similarly to the hydraulic pump 51 of the clamp device 50, the output shaft 45b1 of the electric motor 45b and the output shaft (illustrated) of the hydraulic pump 73 so that the hydraulic pump 73 can generate hydraulic pressure by the driving force of the electric motor 45b. Are omitted).

  The machining step S1 of the crankshaft W using the machining apparatus 10 having the above configuration is performed as follows, for example.

(S11) Total length determination step (S12) Centering step In the above step, the clamping device 50 mounted on the second tool base 45 of the lathe 40 is used to hold both ends Wc, Cut Wc. Further, centering processing (processing for opening a center hole (not shown)) is performed on both end faces Wc and Wc. Specifically, first, as shown in FIG. 8, the tool mounting portion 45a of the second tool base 45 is rotated so that the two pairs of clamp portions 53, 53 (54, 54) are both upward (in FIG. 8, The clamping device 50 is arranged at a position that is oriented in the (Z direction). Then, the crankshaft W in a state of being supported by being suspended by a gantry loader or the like (not shown) is moved onto the clamp device 50 or the second tool base 45 is moved to a position below the crankshaft W. Lower. As a result, the journal portion Wa of the crankshaft W is introduced between the pair of clamp portions 53, 53 (54, 54) (state shown in FIG. 5).

  Then, with the crankshaft W being introduced between each pair of clamp parts 53, 53 (54, 54), the electric motor 45b of the second tool base 45 is driven and connected to the output shaft 45b1 of the electric motor 45b. The hydraulic pump 51 of the clamp device 50 located in is operated. Thereby, the hydraulic pressure is generated, and the generated hydraulic pressure is supplied to the first oil chamber 55a of the hydraulic cylinder 55 via the first port 51a and further the first hydraulic pressure supply path 57a. Thereby, the linear motion part 55c of the hydraulic cylinder 55 is pushed into the hydraulic pump 51 side, and the pair of clamp parts 53, 53 (54, 54) cooperate with each other by the link part 56 and the pair of clamp parts 53, 53 (54, 54). 53 (54, 54) move toward each other. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, the journal portion Wa of the crankshaft W is clamped at two positions by the pair of clamp portions 53, 53 (54, 54) and fixed at a predetermined position.

  Thus, in a state where the crankshaft W is fixed at a position deviated from the main shaft 42 of the lathe 40, the tool mounting portion 44a of the first tool base 44 is rotated, for example, so that the tool mounting portion 44a is mounted. The milling 46 is connected to the output shaft 44b1 of the electric motor 44b built in the first tool base 44. Then, the milling 46 is rotated by the drive of the electric motor 44b, and is brought into contact with both axial end surfaces Wc, Wc of the crankshaft W. Thereby, the cutting process with respect to the both end surfaces Wc of the crankshaft W is started. As a result, the overall axial length of the crankshaft W is set to a predetermined size (full length determination step S11). At this time, with the crankshaft W completely fixed, only the milling tool 46 (first tool base 44) may be moved to sequentially cut both end faces Wc, Wc. The second tool base 45 may be moved together with the base 44 to sequentially cut both end faces Wc and Wc. In any case, the tailstock 43 is preferably retracted with respect to the main shaft 42 for the purpose of avoiding interference with the crankshaft W and the tool bases 44 and 45 during the cutting process. The same applies to the centering step S12 described later.

  Further, by rotating the tool mounting portion 44a, the drill 47 mounted on the tool mounting portion 44a of the first tool base 44 is connected to the output shaft 44b1 of the electric motor 44b in the same manner as the milling tool 46, and by driving the electric motor 44b. The drill 47 is pushed into both end faces Wc, Wc of the crankshaft W while rotating the drill 47. Thereby, centering processing is performed on both end faces Wc, Wc of the crankshaft W, and center holes (not shown) are formed in the end faces Wc, Wc (centering step S12).

(S13) Journal part cutting step In this step, the second tool base 45 is moved from the state shown in FIG. 8, and the crankshaft W held by the clamp device 50 is moved between the main shaft 42 and the tailstock 43. To be transferred to. Specifically, the clamping device 50 is moved together with the second tool base 45 to introduce one end portion of the crankshaft W in the axial direction into the main shaft 42, and the one end portion of the crankshaft W is held by the chuck portion 42 a of the main shaft 42. . Then, the tailstock 43 is brought close to the main shaft 42, and the crankshaft W is supported in the centered state by the main shaft 42 and the tailstock 43 using the center holes formed in the both end faces Wc and Wc. In this way, after confirming that the crankshaft W is rotatably supported by the main shaft 42 and the tailstock 43, the hydraulic pump 51 is rotated in the second direction R2 by the rotational drive of the electric motor 45b (FIG. 7). The clamp state by each pair of clamp parts 53 and 53 (54, 54) is cancelled | released (state shown in FIG. 5). After releasing the clamped state, the second tool base 45 is moved to detach the clamp device 50 from the crankshaft W.

  Then, the cutting tool 48 mounted on the tool mounting portion 44a of the first tool base 44 is connected to the journal portion of the crankshaft W in the state in which the crankshaft W is rotated by the rotational drive of the main shaft 42, like the milling cutter 46 and the drill 47. It abuts on Wa (see FIG. 9). Thereby, the outer peripheral surface of each journal part Wa of the crankshaft W is cut into a predetermined outer diameter (journal part cutting step S13).

(S14) Pin part cutting step In this step, the first tool base 44 is withdrawn from the state shown in FIG. The cutting unit 60 attached to the tool mounting portion 45a of the second tool base 45 is connected to the output shaft 45b1 of the electric motor 45b built in the second tool base 45. Then, the crankshaft W is rotated by the rotational drive of the main shaft 42, the hydraulic pressure is generated by the hydraulic pump 63 by the drive of the electric motor 45b, and the hydraulic motor 64 is rotationally driven by the generated hydraulic pressure. Accordingly, the outer peripheral surface of the cutting cutter 61 is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the pin portion Wb of the crankshaft W while rotating the cutting cutter 61 of the cutting unit 60 connected to the rotating shaft 64a of the hydraulic motor 64 (see FIG. 12). Further, the cutting cutter 61 (second tool base 45) is moved according to the rotation of the crankshaft W. With the above operation, the outer peripheral surface of the pin portion Wb is cut over the entire circumference and the entire length in the axial direction (pin portion cutting step S14).

(S15) Oil hole drilling step In this step, an oil hole drill (not shown) mounted on the tool mounting portion 44a of the first tool base 44 is changed from the state shown in FIG. 12 to the output shaft of the electric motor 44b. 44b1 is connected. Then, the oil drilling drill is pushed into a predetermined portion of the crankshaft W while rotating the oil drilling drill by driving the electric motor 44b. Thereby, a predetermined oil hole is formed in a predetermined part of the crankshaft W (oil hole machining step S15).

(S16) Screw tapping process In this process, the support device in a state in which the crankshaft W that is rotatably supported by the main shaft 42 and the tailstock 43 is mounted on the tool mounting portion 45a of the second tool base 45. 70 is rotatably supported. Specifically, the hydraulic pump 73 of the support device 70 is connected to the output shaft 45b1 of the electric motor 45b of the second tool base 45 by rotating the tool mounting portion 45a. Then, the second tool rest 45 is moved to introduce a predetermined portion of the crankshaft W (for example, the journal portion Wa most distant from the main shaft 42) between the three claw portions 71, 71, 71 of the support device 70 ( (See FIGS. 14 and 15).

  Thereafter, the electric motor 45b of the second tool base 45 is rotationally driven to generate a predetermined hydraulic pressure by the hydraulic pump 73, and the generated hydraulic pressure is supplied to the first port 73a and further to the first hydraulic pressure supply path 74a. To the first oil chambers 72a, 72a, 72a of the three hydraulic cylinders 72, 72, 72. As a result, the linear motion parts 72c, 72c, 72c of the three hydraulic cylinders 72, 72, 72 are pushed toward the crankshaft W side and connected to the linear motion parts 72c, 72c, 72c. , 71, 71 are pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the crankshaft W. Further, at this time, since the hydraulic pressure of an equal size acts on each of the linear motion parts 72c, 72c, 72c, the crankshaft W is pressed with an equal force from three directions, so that the main shaft 42 and the tailstock 43 The crankshaft W is rotatably supported by the support device 70 while maintaining the centered state.

  Thereafter, the tailstock 43 is moved backward to cancel the support state of the crankshaft W by the tailstock 43. As a result, the crankshaft W is rotatably supported by the main shaft 42 and the support device 70 while maintaining the previous centering state (see FIG. 15).

  From this state, the screw tap 49 attached to the tool mounting portion 44a of the first tool base 44 is connected to the output shaft 44b1 of the electric motor 44b of the first tool base 44, and the electric motor 44b rotates. While rotating the screw tap 49 by driving, the screw tap 49 is introduced into the screw hole formed in advance on the axial end face Wc far from the main shaft 42 of the crankshaft W (see FIG. 15). Thereby, a screw hole is formed in the axial direction end surface Wc (screw tapping process S16).

  As described above, after performing a plurality of machining steps S1 (S11 to S16) on the crankshaft W, one or more crankshafts W are transferred to the heat treatment step S2 by a transfer means (not shown). And after performing predetermined heat processing (for example, hardening process) with the heat processing apparatus 20, the one or several crankshaft W is similarly conveyed to finishing process S3 by the conveyance means which is not shown in figure. Then, the crankshaft W is finished to a predetermined product shape by applying a finishing process such as grinding to a predetermined portion of the crankshaft W by the grinding devices 30a to 30c. Thereafter, the crankshaft W as a product is obtained by performing cleaning, inspection, and the like as necessary.

  As described above, according to the support device 70 according to the present invention, the hydraulic cylinders 72, 72, 72, 72, 72 b are branched and connected to the hydraulic cylinders 72, 72, 72, respectively. When the hydraulic pressure is supplied to the first oil chambers 72a, 72a, 72a of the 72 or the second oil chambers 72b, 72b, 72b, the hydraulic pressure of an equal magnitude is applied to the linear motion portions 72c of the hydraulic cylinders 72, 72, 72. , 72c, 72c. Therefore, the operation of each hydraulic cylinder 72, 72, 72 can automatically support the outer peripheral surface of the crankshaft W with a uniform force from a plurality of directions via the corresponding claw portions 71, 71, 71. . As a result, it is possible to support the outer peripheral surface of the crankshaft W while maintaining the position (centering position) of the crankshaft W that has already been centered. Therefore, it is possible to perform highly accurate end face processing on the crankshaft W supported in the centering state by the main shaft 42 of the lathe 40.

  Further, as in the present embodiment, the structure in which the outer peripheral surface of the crankshaft W is supported by the three claw portions 71, 71, 71 allows the crankshaft to be positioned at the centering position with as few claw portions and hydraulic actuator portions as possible. Can be maintained accurately.

  Further, in the processing line 1 of the crankshaft W according to the present embodiment, an apparatus for performing the centering step S12 is constituted by a lathe 40, and a machining step (for example, after the centering step S12 is performed by the same lathe 40) The apparatus for implementing the journal part cutting process S13 etc. was comprised. As a result, not only the centering step S12 and the total length determining step S11 but also the machining steps such as the journal portion cutting step S13 in which the rotation of the crankshaft W is required are all in one machine processing device 10 (see FIG. 3 and the like). ). As a result, the machining steps S11 to S13... Can be consolidated more than before, so that the productivity can be improved, and the equipment cost and thus the production cost can be greatly reduced.

  Further, in the processing line 1 of the crankshaft W according to the present embodiment, a machine having a lathe 40 is used to cut the outer peripheral surface of the pin portion Wb, which has been conventionally performed using a dedicated processing device (such as a mirror processing machine). The processing apparatus 10 can be used. Specifically, a lathe 40 is provided with a lathe 40, a cutting cutter 61 for cutting the outer peripheral surface of the pin portion Wb of the crankshaft W, and a rotating device 62 for rotating the cutting cutter 61. The cutting cutter 61 is made rotatable by using the driving force generated by the electric motor 45b of the second tool table 45 mounted on the second tool table 45. By configuring the cutting unit 60 in this way, it is possible to perform cutting on the outer peripheral surface of the pin portion Wb while the crankshaft W is supported by the main shaft 42 of the lathe 40. Thereby, all the machining processes S13 to S16 after the centering process including the pin part cutting process S14 can be performed by one lathe 40 (machining apparatus 10). Therefore, a plurality of machining processes can be further integrated, productivity can be further improved, and facility costs and thus production costs can be further greatly reduced.

  Further, in the machining line 1 of the crankshaft W according to the present embodiment, the drive device (each tool) of the lathe 40 is used in the overall length determining step S11, the centering step S12, and all the machining steps S13 to S16 after the centering step S12. Since the crankshaft W is held and machined using the electric motors 44b, 45b) built in the bases 44, 45, a new dedicated holding device or processing device is not attached to the lathe 40, Each machining process S11-S16 can be implemented. Thereby, it is possible to smoothly and sequentially carry out the machining steps S11 to S16 on one lathe 40 without the trouble of attaching or removing a dedicated device.

  Further, as described above, since all the machining steps S11 to S16 can be performed by the single machining apparatus 10, the recentering step after the heat treatment step S2 that has been necessary in some cases can be omitted. . That is, the crankshaft W is distorted by a certain amount of heat treatment such as quenching. Therefore, in the conventional processing line, it is indispensable to redo the centering processing after the heat treatment (the recentering step is provided after the heat treatment step S2). However, as in the processing line 1 according to the present embodiment, By performing the machining steps S11 to S16 before the heat treatment step S2, it is possible to omit the recentering step, thereby further reducing the production cost.

  Further, in the processing line 1 of the crankshaft W according to the present embodiment, the hydraulic pump 51 of the clamp device 50 is operated by the drive device of the lathe 40 (the electric motor 45b of the second tool base 45), and this is generated by the operation. The hydraulic actuator 52 (hydraulic cylinder 55) is actuated by hydraulic pressure so that the crankshaft W can be clamped. As a result, while using the electric motor 45b as a drive source, a large clamping force can be exhibited as compared with a case where the pair of clamp portions 53 (54) are directly operated by the electric motor 45b. Therefore, it is possible to hold the crankshaft W firmly and perform various types of processing (end surface cutting processing, centering processing) with high accuracy. In addition, since the hydraulic actuator can be operated using the electric motor 45b as a power source, it is not necessary to extend and connect an electric wire or a hydraulic hose from the periphery of the lathe 40. This avoids interference with the movable parts of the lathe 40 (the tailstock 43, the first and second tool bases 44, 45, etc.), and performs a plurality of machining operations more smoothly and sequentially on one lathe. It becomes possible to do.

  As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, the support apparatus of the elongate workpiece | work which concerns on this invention can also take a structure other than the above in the range which does not deviate from the meaning.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the hydraulic cylinder 72 is employed as the hydraulic actuator is illustrated, but other hydraulic actuators may be employed. For example, although not shown, a hydraulic motor that outputs torque according to the magnitude of the hydraulic pressure may be employed as the hydraulic actuator. In this case, for example, it is possible to configure a hydraulic actuator that linearly moves the claw portion 71 by attaching the rotating portion of the ball screw mechanism to the output shaft (rotating shaft) of the hydraulic motor and attaching the claw portion 71 to the linear motion portion. It is.

  The shape and material of the claw portion 71 are also arbitrary. For example, the shape and material of the contact surface may be set in consideration of sliding with the crankshaft W.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the support apparatus 70 which has three claw parts 71,71,71 and three hydraulic actuator parts (hydraulic cylinders 72,72,72) was illustrated, of course, the number of claw parts and hydraulic actuators Is optional. As long as it has two or more claw parts 71 and the same number of hydraulic actuator parts as claw parts 71, the number can be set arbitrarily.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the structure which operates the support apparatus 70 by making the electric motor 45b built in the 2nd tool stand 45 into a drive device was illustrated, of course, drive devices other than this are used as a drive source of the support device 70. It doesn't matter. In this case, the support device 70 may be used by being attached to a movable part of the lathe 40 other than the tool table (first tool table 44, second tool table 45).

  Needless to say, the support device 70 may be fixed to the bed 41 of the lathe 40 and the crankshaft W may be supported if the series of machining using the lathe 40 is not adversely affected. At this time, if it does not adversely affect the series of machining using the lathe 40, the support device 70 may be operated by obtaining a driving force from the outside of the lathe 40. In that case, there is no problem even if only one tool stand is used.

  Moreover, although the case where the long workpiece support device according to the present invention is applied to the processing line 1 of the crankshaft W is illustrated in the above embodiment, it is of course possible to apply to other cases. That is, the support device according to the present invention can be applied to an arbitrary long work production line as long as the outer peripheral surface of the long work in the centered state can be supported.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crankshaft processing line 10 Machine processing apparatus 20 Heat processing apparatus 30a, 30b, 30c Grinding apparatus 40 Lathe 41 Bed 42 Spindle 42a Chuck part 43 Tailstock 44, 45 Tool base 44a, 45a Tool mounting part 44b, 45b Electric motor 46 Milling 47 Drill 48 Cutting tool 49 Screw tap 50 Clamping device 51 Hydraulic pump 52 Hydraulic actuators 53, 54 A pair of clamp portions 55 Hydraulic cylinder 55a First oil chamber 55b Second oil chamber 55c Direct acting portion 56 Link portions 57a, 57b Hydraulic supply path 58 Switching valve 59 Oil storage tank 60 Cutting unit 61 Cutting cutter 62 Rotating device 63 Hydraulic pump 64 Hydraulic motor 64a Rotating shaft 66 Connecting member 70 Support device 71 Claw portion 72 Hydraulic cylinder 72a First oil chamber 72b Second oil chamber 72c linear motion part 73 Pressure pumps 74, 74a, 74b Hydraulic supply path S1 Machining process S2 Heat treatment process S3 Finishing process S11 Total length determining process S12 Centering process S13 Journal part cutting process S14 Pin part cutting process S15 Oil hole machining process S16 Tap machining process W Crankshaft Wa Journal part Wb Pin part Wc Axial end face

Claims (2)

An apparatus for supporting a long work in a centered state,
A plurality of claws that contact the outer peripheral surface of the long workpiece;
Hydraulic actuators that are operated by hydraulic pressure and that have the same number of claw portions as each of the claw portions that can be moved forward and backward with respect to the outer peripheral surface;
A hydraulic pressure supply unit that supplies the hydraulic pressure to the plurality of hydraulic actuator units;
The apparatus for supporting a long workpiece, wherein the hydraulic pressure supply section includes a hydraulic pressure supply path that is branched and connected to the plurality of hydraulic actuator sections. The long workpiece is attached in a state of being centered on a lathe spindle,
The lathe has a tool table on which a tool can be mounted, and the tool table has an electric motor for applying a driving force to the tool mounted on the tool table,
The hydraulic supply unit includes a hydraulic pump connected to the plurality of hydraulic actuators via the hydraulic supply path, so that the hydraulic pump can generate the hydraulic pressure by receiving a driving force of the electric motor. The long work support device according to claim 1, wherein the long work support device is connected to the electric motor.

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