JP2019161724A - Converter device - Google Patents

Abstract

To reduce an input/output ripple current while keeping a turn-off loss small.SOLUTION: A converter device includes: a circuit on a first winding 2a side including a transformer 2 having a first winding 2a and a second winding 2b, an inductor 8, a series switch part 7 having switches 7a, 7b, a series circuit part 9 having a switch 9a and a capacitor 9b, and a series circuit part 10 having a switch 10a and a capacitor 10b; a circuit on a second winding 2b side including an inductor 12, a series switch part 11 having switches 11a, 11b, a series circuit part 13 having a switch 13 and a capacitor 13b, and a series circuit part 14 having a switch 14a and a capacitor 14b; an LC resonance circuit 15 inserted and connected between the circuit on the first winding 2a side and the first winding 2a; and a control part 16 which performs switching control on each of switches 7a to 14a.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a converter device that is arranged between a plurality of DC power supplies and enables power to be exchanged between arbitrary DC power supplies among these DC power supplies.

  As this type of converter device, a converter device (DC-DC converter) disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 below is known. This converter device includes one transformer having the same number of windings as the number of DC power supplies, and four switching elements (FETs) connected in a full bridge, and the number of DC power supplies connected to each winding. And the same number of switching circuits. Thus, an arbitrary pair of DC power sources among the plurality of DC power sources are connected via a dual active bridge type converter. Also, with this configuration, in this converter device, power can be supplied from any one DC power source among a plurality of DC power sources to any DC power source among other DC power sources.

A Multi-Directional Power Converter for a Hybrid Renewable Energy Distributed Generation System with Battery Storage, 2006, IPEMC

  However, the above converter device has the following problems to be solved. Specifically, in this converter device, a dual active bridge type converter is provided, and an inductor (above-mentioned) is provided between two switch circuits (full bridge circuits) constituted by four switching elements connected in a full bridge. In this converter device, a ripple current (input / output of the input / output) is generated in the current flowing from the DC power source and the current flowing into the DC current. There is a problem that the ripple current) is large. Further, in this converter device, since the switching elements constituting each switch circuit (full bridge circuit) are turned off at the peak of the current flowing through the converter device, there is a problem that the converter device has a large turn-off loss. Yes.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and a main object of the present invention is to provide a converter device capable of reducing input / output ripple current while keeping turn-off loss small.

  In order to achieve the above object, a converter device according to the present invention includes a transformer in which a first winding and a second winding are formed, a pair of first DC terminal portions, and a pair of first connection lines. A pair of first AC terminals connected to the first winding, a pair of second DC terminals, and a pair of second AC terminals connected to the second winding via a pair of second connection lines And a first switch and a second switch connected to each other at one first AC terminal portion of the pair of first AC terminal portions, and one end portion of the first AC terminal portion via the first power line The other first end of the pair of first DC terminal portions is connected to one first DC terminal portion of the pair of first DC terminal portions, and the other end portion is connected to the first power source terminal via the second power line. A first series switch connected to a direct current terminal, the first power line and the second A first inductor inserted into and connected to at least one of the force lines, a third switch and a first capacitor connected in series, and one end of the first series switch unit being one end of the first series switch unit; And a first series circuit portion whose other end is connected to the other first AC terminal portion of the pair of first AC terminal portions, a fourth switch and a second capacitor connected in series A second series circuit portion having one end connected to the other first AC terminal portion and the other end connected to the other end portion of the first series switch portion; The fifth switch and the sixth switch are connected to each other at one second AC terminal portion of the pair of second AC terminal portions, and one end portion of the pair is connected via the third power line. One of the second DC terminal portions of A second series switch section connected to the second DC terminal section and having the other end connected to the other second DC terminal section of the pair of second DC terminal sections via a fourth power line; , A second inductor inserted and connected to at least one of the third power line and the fourth power line, a seventh switch and a third capacitor connected in series, one end of the second power line A third series circuit unit connected to the one end of the two series switch unit and having the other end connected to the other second AC terminal unit of the pair of second AC terminal units; Consists of an eighth switch and a fourth capacitor connected, one end is connected to the other second AC terminal and the other end is the other end of the second series switch unit A fourth series circuit connected to the front, The LC resonance circuit inserted and connected to at least one of the pair of first connection lines and the pair of second connection lines, and switching control from the first switch to the eighth switch, thereby executing the pair of pairs. And a control unit that supplies power to each other between the first DC terminal unit and the pair of second DC terminal units.

  As a result, power transmission from the first DC power source to the second DC power source and power transmission from the second DC power source to the first DC power source are suppressed while minimizing turn-off loss in all of the first to eighth switches. Can be executed. In addition, since the first inductor on the first DC terminal portion side and the second inductor on the second DC terminal portion side are provided, the ripple of current input / output via the first DC terminal portion and the second DC terminal portion The current can be reduced.

  Further, the converter device according to the present invention includes the transformer formed with the first winding, the second winding, and the third winding, the pair of first DC terminal portions, and the pair of first connection lines. A pair of first AC terminals connected to the first winding, a pair of second DC terminals, and a pair of second AC terminals connected to the second winding via a pair of second connection lines A pair of third AC terminal portions connected to the third winding via a pair of third connection lines, and a pair of first AC terminal portions. A first switch and a second switch are connected to each other at one first AC terminal portion, and one end portion of one of the pair of first DC terminal portions is connected via a first power line. 1 DC terminal part, and the other end is connected to the pair of first DC terminal parts via the second power line A first series switch connected to the other first DC terminal, and a first inductor inserted and connected to at least one of the first power line and the second power line. The first switch is composed of a third switch and a first capacitor, one end of which is connected to the one end of the first series switch unit and the other end of the pair of first AC terminal units. It comprises a first series circuit portion connected to the other first AC terminal portion, a fourth switch and a second capacitor connected in series, and one end portion is connected to the other first AC terminal portion. And the second series circuit portion whose other end is connected to the other end of the first series switch portion and one second AC terminal portion of the pair of second AC terminal portions. Connected fifth switch and The switch is configured such that one end is connected to one second DC terminal portion of the pair of second DC terminal portions via a third power line, and the other end is a fourth power line. A second series switch connected to the other second DC terminal of the pair of second DC terminals via at least one of the third power line and the fourth power line A second inductor connected to the second switch; a seventh switch and a third capacitor connected in series; and one end connected to the one end of the second series switch and the other end Is composed of a third series circuit portion connected to the other second AC terminal portion of the pair of second AC terminal portions, an eighth switch and a fourth capacitor connected in series, and one end portion Is connected to the other second AC terminal. And a fourth series circuit portion whose other end is connected to the other end of the second series switch portion, and one third AC terminal portion of the pair of third AC terminal portions. It is composed of a ninth switch and a tenth switch connected to each other, and one end is connected to one third DC terminal part of the pair of third DC terminal parts via a fifth power line, And a third series switch part whose other end is connected to the other third DC terminal part of the pair of third DC terminal parts via a sixth power line, the fifth power line and the fifth power line A third inductor inserted and connected to at least one of the six power lines; an eleventh switch connected in series; and a fifth capacitor; one end of the third series switch unit Connected to the other end Is composed of a fifth series circuit portion connected to the other third AC terminal portion of the pair of third AC terminal portions, a twelfth switch and a sixth capacitor connected in series, and one end portion Is connected to the other third AC terminal portion and the other end portion is connected to the other end portion of the third series switch portion, the sixth series circuit portion, and the pair of first connection lines, The LC resonance circuit inserted and connected to at least one of the pair of second connection lines and the pair of third connection lines, and by performing switching control from the first switch to the twelfth switch, A pair of first DC terminal units, a pair of second DC terminal units, and a control unit that supplies power to each other between the pair of third DC terminal units.

  As a result, power transmission from the first DC power source to the second DC power source and the third DC power source, and from the second DC power source to the first DC current, while suppressing turn-off loss in all the switches from the first switch to the twelfth switch, are reduced. Power transmission from the power source to the third DC power source and power transmission from the third DC power source to the first DC power source and the second DC power source can be performed. Further, the first DC terminal section, the second DC terminal section, the second DC terminal section side second inductor, and the third DC terminal section side third inductor are provided. The ripple current of the current input / output via the terminal part and the third DC terminal part can be reduced.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to transmit power (supply of power) from any one DC power source among DC power sources connected to each DC terminal unit to another DC power source, and to turn off loss at each switch. As well as the ripple current of the current that is input / output via each DC terminal.

It is a block diagram of converter apparatus 1A. It is a wave form chart for explaining the 1st operation of converter devices 1A and 1B. It is a block diagram for demonstrating operation | movement in the period T1 in FIG. 2 of 1 A of converter apparatuses. It is a block diagram for demonstrating the operation | movement in the period T2 in FIG. 2 of converter apparatus 1A. It is a block diagram for demonstrating the operation | movement in the period T3 in FIG. 2 of converter apparatus 1A. It is a block diagram for demonstrating operation | movement in the period T4 in FIG. 2 of 1 A of converter apparatuses. It is a block diagram for demonstrating operation | movement in the period T5 in FIG. 2 of 1 A of converter apparatuses. It is a block diagram for demonstrating operation | movement in the period T6 in FIG. 2 of converter apparatus 1A. It is a wave form chart of drive signals S1-S12 for explaining the 2nd operation of converter devices 1A and 1B. It is a wave form chart of drive signals S1-S12 for explaining the 3rd operation of converter device 1B. It is a block diagram of converter apparatus 1B.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a converter device will be described with reference to the drawings.

  First, a configuration of a converter device 1A as an example of the converter device will be described with reference to FIG. This converter device 1A includes a transformer 2, a pair of first DC terminal portions 3a and 3b, a pair of first AC terminal portions 4a and 4b, a pair of second DC terminal portions 5a and 5b, and a pair of second AC terminal portions 6a. , 6b, the first series switch unit 7, the first inductor 8, the first series circuit unit 9, the second series circuit unit 10, the second series switch unit 11, the second inductor 12, the third series circuit unit 13, the fourth A series circuit unit 14, an LC resonance circuit 15, and a control unit 16 are provided, and a pair of first DC terminal units 3a, 3b and a pair of second DC terminal units 5a, 5b (for example, a pair of first DC terminal units 3a). , 3b and the second DC power supply PS2 connected to the pair of second DC terminal portions 5a, 5b).

  In detail, the transformer 2 is formed in a common magnetic core (not shown) as an example in this example, and two windings (a first winding 2a and a second winding 2b) that are magnetically coupled to each other. ). The pair of first AC terminal portions 4a and 4b are connected to the first winding 2a via a pair of first connection lines L1a and L1b. In this example, the LC resonance circuit 15 is inserted and connected to the first connection lines L1a and L1b. Specifically, in this example, the LC resonance circuit 15 includes a resonance capacitor 15a inserted and connected to the first connection line L1a, and a resonance inductor 15b inserted and connected to the first connection line L1b. Yes. Therefore, in this example, the first AC terminal portion 4a is connected to one end of the first winding 2a via the first connection line L1a to which the resonance capacitor 15a is inserted and connected, and the first AC terminal portion 4b is The resonance inductor 15b is connected to the other end of the first winding 2a through the first connection line L1b to which the resonance inductor 15b is inserted and connected. Although not shown, the resonance capacitor 15a and the resonance inductor 15b are inserted and connected to the first connection line L1b, and the resonance inductor 15b is inserted and connected to the first connection line L1a. It can also be configured.

  The pair of second AC terminal portions 6a and 6b are connected to the second winding 2b via a pair of second connection lines L2a and L2b. In this example, the LC resonance circuit 15 is inserted and connected to the first connection lines L1a and L1b as described above, but is not limited to this configuration, and the first connection lines L1a and L1b and the second connection lines are not limited to this configuration. It is only necessary to be inserted and connected to at least one of the connection lines L2a and L2b.

  The first series switch unit 7 includes a first switch 7a (in the drawing) that is connected to each other at one of the first AC terminal units 4a and 4b (in this example, the first AC terminal unit 4a). And a second circuit 7b (also referred to as “Q2” in the drawing). In this example, as an example, both the first switch 7a and the second switch 7b are configured by n-channel FETs (field effect transistors), and the source terminal of the first switch 7a and the drain terminal of the second switch 7b are the first ones. 1 AC terminal portion 4a is connected. One end of the series circuit (in this example, the drain terminal of the first switch 7a) is connected to the first DC of one of the pair of first DC terminals 3a and 3b via the first power line Lp1. It is connected to the terminal portion (in this example, the first DC terminal portion 3a). The other end of the series circuit (in this example, the source terminal of the first switch 7b) is connected to the other first DC of the pair of first DC terminal portions 3a and 3b via the second power line Lp2. It is connected to the terminal portion (in this example, the first DC terminal portion 3b).

  The first inductor 8 is inserted and connected to at least one of the first power line Lp1 and the second power line Lp2. In this example, as an example, the first inductor 8 is inserted and connected to the first power line Lp1, but although not shown, the first inductor 8 may be inserted and connected to the second power line Lp2. The power supply line Lp1 and the second power line Lp2 may be separately inserted and connected.

  The first series circuit unit 9 includes a third switch 9a (also referred to as “Q3” in the drawing) and a first capacitor 9b connected in series. In this example, as an example, the third switch 9a is formed of an n-channel FET, and the drain terminal of the third switch 9a is connected to one terminal of the first capacitor 9b. The first series circuit unit 9 has one end (in this example, the source terminal of the third switch 9a) is one end of the first series switch unit 7 (in this example, the drain terminal of the first switch 7a). And the other end portion (in this example, the other terminal of the first capacitor 9b) is the other first AC terminal portion (in this example, the first terminal of the first capacitor 9b). 1 AC terminal portion 4b). The first series circuit unit 9 is provided with a first capacitor 9b on one end side of the first series switch unit 7 and a third switch on the first AC terminal unit 4b side instead of this configuration. The structure which arrange | positioned 9a in the same direction may be sufficient.

  The second series circuit unit 10 includes a fourth switch 10a (also referred to as “Q4” in the drawing) and a second capacitor 10b connected in series. In this example, as an example, the fourth switch 10a is formed of an n-channel FET, and the source terminal of the fourth switch 10a and one terminal of the second capacitor 10b are connected. The second series circuit unit 10 has one end (in this example, the other terminal of the second capacitor 10b) connected to the other first AC terminal (in this example, the first AC terminal 4b). In addition, the other end (in this example, the drain terminal of the fourth switch 10a) is connected to the other end (the source terminal of the second switch 7b in this example) of the first series switch unit 7. The second series circuit unit 10 has a fourth switch 10a arranged in the same direction on the first AC terminal unit 4b side and the other end side of the first series switch unit 7 instead of this configuration. The structure which has arrange | positioned the 2nd capacitor 10b may be sufficient.

  The second series switch unit 11 is a fifth switch 11a (in the drawing, connected to each other at one second AC terminal unit (in this example, the second AC terminal unit 6a) of the second AC terminal units 6a and 6b. And a sixth circuit 11b (also referred to as “Q6” in the drawing). In this example, as an example, the fifth switch 11a and the sixth switch 11b are both configured by n-channel FETs, and the source terminal of the fifth switch 11a and the drain terminal of the sixth switch 11b are the second AC terminal portion 6a. It is connected. One end of the series circuit (in this example, the drain terminal of the fifth switch 11a) is connected to the second DC of one of the pair of second DC terminal portions 5a and 5b via the third power line Lp3. It is connected to a terminal part (in this example, the second DC terminal part 5a). The other end of the series circuit (in this example, the source terminal of the sixth switch 11b) is connected to the other second DC of the pair of second DC terminal portions 5a and 5b via the fourth power line Lp4. It is connected to the terminal part (in this example, the second DC terminal part 5b).

  The second inductor 12 is inserted and connected to at least one of the third power line Lp3 and the fourth power line Lp4. In this example, as an example, the second inductor 12 is inserted and connected to the third power line Lp3. However, although not shown, the second inductor 12 may be inserted and connected to the fourth power line Lp4. The power supply line Lp3 and the fourth power line Lp4 may be separately inserted and connected.

  The third series circuit unit 13 includes a seventh switch 13a (also referred to as “Q7” in the drawing) and a third capacitor 13b connected in series. In this example, as an example, the seventh switch 13a is formed of an n-channel FET, and the drain terminal of the seventh switch 13a and one terminal of the third capacitor 13b are connected. The third series circuit unit 13 has one end (in this example, the source terminal of the seventh switch 13a) is one end of the second series switch unit 11 (in this example, the drain terminal of the fifth switch 11a). And the other end (in this example, the other terminal of the third capacitor 13b) is connected to the other second AC terminal part (in this example, the second terminal of the third capacitor 13b). 2 AC terminal portion 6b). The third series circuit unit 13 has a third capacitor 13b on one end side of the second series switch unit 11 and a seventh switch on the second AC terminal unit 6b side instead of this configuration. The structure which has arrange | positioned 13a in the same direction may be sufficient.

  The fourth series circuit unit 14 includes an eighth switch 14a (also referred to as “Q8” in the drawing) and a fourth capacitor 14b connected in series. In this example, as an example, the eighth switch 14a is formed of an n-channel FET, and the source terminal of the eighth switch 14a and one terminal of the fourth capacitor 14b are connected. The fourth series circuit unit 14 has one end (in this example, the other terminal of the fourth capacitor 14b) connected to the other second AC terminal (in this example, the second AC terminal 6b). In addition, the other end (in this example, the drain terminal of the eighth switch 14a) is connected to the other end (the source terminal of the sixth switch 11b in this example) of the second series switch unit 11. The fourth series circuit unit 14 is provided with an eighth switch 14a in the same direction on the second AC terminal unit 6b side, and on the other end side of the second series switch unit 11 instead of this configuration. A configuration in which the fourth capacitor 14b is provided may be employed.

  For example, based on an operation instruction input from the outside, the control unit 16 indicates the operation (power transmission) in the converter device 1A (from the first DC terminal units 3a and 3b to the second DC terminal unit 5a). , 5b, and power transmission from the second DC terminal portions 5a, 5b to the first DC terminal portions 3a, 3b), the first switch 7a to the fourth switch. Drive signals S1, S2, S3, and S4 are output to the four switches up to 10a, and the drive signals S5, S6, S7, and S8 are output to the four switches from the fifth switch 11a to the eighth switch 14a. Is output to execute switching control for these eight switches. In this example, since each switch from the first switch 7a to the eighth switch 14a is composed of an FET as described above, the control unit 16 uses an appropriate drive circuit (not shown) for each of the switches 7a to 14a. The corresponding drive signal among the drive signals S1 to S8 is output as a positive voltage signal based on the potential of the source terminal between the gates and the sources of the switches 7a to 14a.

  Next, the operation of the converter device 1A will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following, as shown in FIG. 1, power is transmitted from the first DC power supply PS1 connected between the first DC terminal portions 3a and 3b to the second DC power supply PS2 connected between the second DC terminal portions 5a and 5b. The first operation and the second operation for transmitting power from the second DC power source PS2 to the first DC power source PS1 will be described.

  First, the first operation will be described. In the first operation, the control unit 16 repeatedly outputs the drive signals S1 to S8 from the first switch 7a to the eighth switch 14a with the output state from the period T1 to the period T6 shown in FIG. 2 as one cycle. . Note that “ON” and “OFF” in FIG. 2 indicate ON / OFF states of the switches corresponding to the drive signals S1 to S8. Hereinafter, the operation will be described in each period T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, and T6.

  First, in the period T1, as shown in FIG. 2, the drive signal S1 and the drive signal S6 are switched from zero volts (an example of a voltage less than the gate threshold voltage) to a positive voltage (a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage). , 3, the first switch 7a and the sixth switch 11b shift from the OFF state to the ON state. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, when the drive signal S4 and the drive signal S7 are switched from the positive voltage to zero volts, the fourth switch 10a and the seventh switch 13a are turned off from the ON state as shown in FIGS. Transition to the state. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the other drive signals S2, S3, S5, and S8 are maintained at a positive voltage. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the second switch 7b, the third switch 9a, and the fifth switch The switch 11a and the eighth switch 14a continue to be in the ON state.

  In this case, in the circuit on the first winding 2a side (first DC terminal portions 3a and 3b side), the first switch 7a is turned on together with the second switch 7b in the ON state, whereby the first DC power supply is turned on. PS1 is short-circuited through the first inductor 8. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, a current path is formed from the first DC power source PS1 to the first DC power source PS1 via the first inductor 8, the first switch 7a, and the second switch 7b. DC power supply PS1 supplies current Ia to this current path in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. Therefore, energy is accumulated in the first inductor 8 by the current Ia flowing through the first inductor 8.

  Further, when the fourth switch 10a shifts to the OFF state, the charging to the first capacitor 9b (accumulation of energy in the first capacitor 9b), which will be described later in the period T6, is completed. Further, when the first switch 7a shifts to the ON state, as shown in FIG. 3, from the first capacitor 9b to the third switch 9a, the first switch 7a, the resonance capacitor 15a, the first winding 2a, and the resonance inductor 15b. A current path is formed to return to the first capacitor 9b via. For this reason, the energy accumulated in the first capacitor 9b in the period T6 is released, and the current Ib flows in this current path in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. Since this current path includes the LC resonance circuit 15 (resonance capacitor 15a and resonance inductor 15b), the waveform of the current Ib (current of the third switch 9a) is a resonance waveform (sinusoidal) as shown in FIG. Waveform). Specifically, the current Ib is a current value in the direction shown in FIG. 3 from the current value (initial value) of the current (current of the second switch 7b) flowing in the first winding 2a at the end of the period T6. The current gradually increases. In addition, since the currents Ia and Ib flow in the same direction through the first switch 7a where these two current paths overlap, a combined current (Ia + Ib) of the currents Ia and Ib flows into the first switch 7a.

  On the other hand, in the circuit on the second winding 2b side (the second DC terminal portions 5a and 5b side), the sixth switch 11b shifts to the ON state together with the fifth switch 11a in the ON state, as shown in FIG. In addition, a current path is formed from the second inductor 12 to the second inductor 12 via the second DC power source PS2, the sixth switch 11b, and the fifth switch 11a. Therefore, energy accumulated in the second inductor 12 is released in the period T6 as will be described later, whereby a current Ic flows in this current path (current Ic is supplied to the second DC power supply PS2). Further, based on the voltage induced in the second winding 2b due to the inflow of the current Ib to the first winding 2a described above, the second capacitor 2b to the fourth capacitor 14b, the eighth switch 14a, and the sixth switch A current Id flows through a current path that returns to the second winding 2b via the switch 11b. As a result, the fourth capacitor 14b is charged (energy is stored in the fourth capacitor 14b). In addition, since the currents Ic and Id flow in the same direction through the sixth switch 11b in which these two current paths overlap, a combined current (Ic + Id) of the currents Ic and Id flows through the sixth switch 11b.

  Next, in the period T2, as shown in FIG. 2, the drive signal S5 is switched from the positive voltage to zero volt, and the drive signal S7 is switched from zero volt to the positive voltage. Shifts from the ON state to the OFF state, and the seventh switch 13a shifts from the OFF state to the ON state. Note that each of the other switches continues the ON / OFF state at the period T1 because the corresponding drive signal is the same as that at the period T1.

  In this case, in the circuit on the first winding 2a side, as shown in FIG. 4, since all of the first switch 7a to the fourth switch 10a continue the ON / OFF state at the period T1, the circuit at the period T1 Two current paths similar to the above are continuously formed, and currents Ia and Ib continue to flow through the respective current paths. That is, the accumulation of energy in the first inductor 8 and the release of energy from the first capacitor 9b are continued.

  On the other hand, in the circuit on the second winding 2b side, the ON state of the sixth switch 11b and the eighth switch 14a is continued, so the same current path (from the second winding 2b to the fourth capacitor 14b as in the period T1). The current Id continues to flow through the eighth switch 14a and the sixth switch 11b and returns to the second winding 2b to charge the fourth capacitor 14b (accumulation of energy in the fourth capacitor 14b). ) Is continued. In addition, while the fifth switch 11a shifts to the OFF state, the seventh switch 13a shifts to the ON state as described above together with the eighth switch 14a in the ON state, as shown in FIG. A current path is formed from the capacitor 13b back to the third capacitor 13b via the seventh switch 13a, the second inductor 12, the second DC power supply PS2, the eighth switch 14a, and the fourth capacitor 14b. As a result, energy accumulated in the third capacitor 13b is released as will be described later from the period T4 to the period T6, whereby the current Ie flows through this current path (the current Ie is supplied to the second DC power supply PS2). )

  In addition, since the currents Id and Ie flow in the reverse direction in the fourth series circuit unit 14 (the eighth switch 14a and the fourth capacitor 14b) in which these two current paths overlap, the combined current (Ie− Id) flows to the eighth switch 14a. In addition, the current Ic flowing in the period T1 does not flow in the sixth switch 11b, and only the current Id flows (that is, a current smaller by the current Ic flows than in the period T1). Note that the current Ic flowing through the fifth switch 11a when the fifth switch 11a shifts to the OFF state (turns off) is the current flowing through the second inductor 12 and the current flowing through the second winding 2b. The current value is lower than the peak value. For this reason, the turn-off loss in the fifth switch 11a is kept small.

  Subsequently, in the period T3, as shown in FIG. 2, the drive signal S2 is switched from a positive voltage to zero volts, and the drive signal S4 is switched from zero volts to a positive voltage. 7b shifts from the ON state to the OFF state, and the fourth switch 10a shifts from the OFF state to the ON state. Note that the other switches continue to be in the ON / OFF state during the period T2 because the corresponding drive signals are the same as during the period T2.

  In this case, in the circuit on the first winding 2a side, as shown in FIG. 5, the ON state of the first switch 7a and the third switch 9a is continued, so the same current path as in the periods T1 and T2 ( The current Ib continuously flows from the first capacitor 9b to the third switch 9a, the first switch 7a, the resonant capacitor 15a, the first winding 2a, and the current path returning to the first capacitor 9b via the resonant inductor 15b. The discharge of the first capacitor 9b (the release of energy from the first capacitor 9b) is continued.

  In addition, since the second switch 7b shifts to the OFF state as described above, the voltage across the first inductor 8 is applied to the voltage of the first DC power source PS1 (the first inductor 8 was applied during the periods T1 and T2). Application of a voltage obtained by adding a voltage (that is, a voltage equivalent to the voltage of the first DC power supply PS1) to the first series circuit unit 9 and the second series circuit unit 10 is started. Further, in this state, together with the third switch 9a in the ON state, the fourth switch 10a shifts to the ON state as described above, so that as shown in FIG. 5, the first inductor 8, A current path is formed that returns to the first DC power supply PS1 via the third switch 9a, the first capacitor 9b, the second capacitor 10b, and the fourth switch 10a. Therefore, in addition to the energy from the first DC power supply PS1, the first inductor 8 releases the stored energy, so that the current If flows in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. As a result, the second capacitor 10b of the second series circuit unit 10 is charged with energy released from both the first DC power supply PS1 and the first inductor 8 (energy is stored in the second capacitor 10b).

  In addition, since the currents Ib and If flow in the reverse direction in the first series circuit unit 9 (the third switch 9a and the first capacitor 9b) in which these two current paths overlap, a combined current (Ib− If) flows to the third switch 9a. In addition, the current Ia that has been flowing in the period T2 stops flowing through the first switch 7a, and only the current Ib flows (that is, a current that is smaller by the current Ia flows than in the period T1). The current Ia flowing through the second switch 7b when the second switch 7b shifts to the OFF state (turns off) is the current flowing through the first inductor 8 and the current flowing through the first winding 2a. The current value is lower than the peak value. For this reason, the turn-off loss in the second switch 7b is kept small.

  On the other hand, in the circuit on the second winding 2b side, as shown in FIG. 5, since all the switches from the fifth switch 11a to the eighth switch 14a continue the ON / OFF state at the period T2, Two current paths similar to the above are continuously formed, and currents Id and Ie continue to flow through each current path. As a result, the charging of the fourth capacitor 14b (accumulation of energy in the fourth capacitor 14b) and the release of the energy accumulated in the third capacitor 13b (supply of the current Ie to the second DC power supply PS2) are continued. The

  Next, in the period T4, the drive signal S2 and the drive signal S5 are switched from zero volts to a positive voltage as shown in FIG. 2, and as shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the second switch 7b and the fifth switch 11a are Transition from the OFF state to the ON state. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, when the drive signal S3 and the drive signal S8 are switched from the positive voltage to zero volts, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the third switch 9a and the eighth switch 14a are turned off from the ON state. Transition to the state. Note that each of the other switches continues the ON / OFF state at the period T3 because the corresponding drive signal is the same as that at the period T3.

  In this case, in the circuit on the first winding 2a side, the first switch 7a in the ON state and the second switch 7b shift to the ON state. A current path returning to the first DC power supply PS1 via the inductor 8, the first switch 7a and the second switch 7b is formed (that is, the first DC power supply PS1 is short-circuited via the first inductor 8), The first DC power supply PS1 supplies the current Ia to this current path. Therefore, energy is accumulated in the first inductor 8 by the current Ia flowing through the first inductor 8.

  Further, as described above, the first DC power source PS1 is short-circuited by the first switch 7a and the second switch 7b via the first inductor 8, so that the first series circuit unit 9 and the second series circuit unit 10 are connected. When the application of the voltage or the like of the first DC power supply PS1 is stopped and the third switch 9a shifts to the OFF state, the charging to the first capacitor 9b performed in the period T3 (to the first capacitor 9b) Energy storage) is completed. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, there is a current path from the second capacitor 10b to the second capacitor 10b via the resonant inductor 15b, the first winding 2a and the resonant capacitor 15a, the second switch 7b, and the fourth switch 10a. It is formed. For this reason, the energy accumulated in the second capacitor 10b in the period T3 is released, so that the current Ig flows through the current path in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. Since the LC resonance circuit 15 is included in this current path, the waveform of the current Ig (current of the fourth switch 10a) becomes a resonance waveform (sine wave waveform) as shown in FIG. Specifically, the current Ig is a current value in the direction shown in FIG. 6 from the current value (initial value) of the current (current of the first switch 7a) flowing in the first winding 2a at the end of the period T3. The current gradually increases. In addition, since the currents Ia and Ig flow in the same direction through the second switch 7b where these two current paths overlap, a combined current (Ia + Ig) of the currents Ia and Ig flows. The current (Ib-If) flowing through the third switch 9a when the third switch 9a shifts to the OFF state (turns off) is more current If than the current Ib flowing through the first winding 2a. (Ie, the current value is lower than the peak value of the current Ib flowing through the first winding 2a). For this reason, the turn-off loss in the third switch 9a is kept small.

  On the other hand, in the circuit on the second winding 2b side, when the fifth switch 11a shifts to the ON state together with the sixth switch 11b in the ON state, as shown in FIG. A current path is formed that returns to the second inductor 12 via PS2, the sixth switch 11b, and the fifth switch 11a. For this reason, the energy Ic accumulated in the second inductor 12 in the period T3 is released, whereby the current Ic flows through this current path (the current Ic is supplied to the second DC power supply PS2). Further, based on the voltage induced in the second winding 2b due to the inflow of the current Ig into the first winding 2a, the second switch 2b to the fifth switch 11a, the seventh switch 13a, and the third switch A current Ih flows through a current path that returns to the second winding 2b via the capacitor 13b. Thereby, the third capacitor 13b is charged (energy is stored in the third capacitor 13b).

  In addition, since the currents Ic and Ih flow in the same direction through the fifth switch 11a where these two current paths overlap, a combined current (Ic + Ih) of the currents Ic and Ih flows through the fifth switch 11a. The current (Ie−Id) flowing through the eighth switch 14a when the eighth switch 14a shifts to the OFF state (turns off) is more current Ie than the current Id flowing through the second winding 2b. (That is, the current value is lower than the peak value of the current Id flowing through the second winding 2b). For this reason, the turn-off loss in the eighth switch 14a is kept small.

  Next, in the period T5, as shown in FIG. 2, the drive signal S6 is switched from the positive voltage to zero volt, and the drive signal S8 is switched from zero volt to the positive voltage. Shifts from the ON state to the OFF state, and the eighth switch 14a shifts from the OFF state to the ON state. Note that each of the other switches continues the ON / OFF state at the period T4 because the corresponding drive signal is the same as that at the period T4.

  In this case, in the circuit on the first winding 2a side, as shown in FIG. 7, all of the first switch 7a to the fourth switch 10a continue the ON / OFF state at the period T4. The two current paths similar to the above are continuously formed, and the currents Ia and Ig continuously flow through the respective current paths. That is, the accumulation of energy in the first inductor 8 and the release of energy from the second capacitor 10b are continued.

  On the other hand, in the circuit on the second winding 2b side, since the ON state of the fifth switch 11a and the seventh switch 13a is continued, the same current path (from the second winding 2b to the fifth switch 11a as in the period T4). The current Ih continues to flow through the seventh switch 13a and the third capacitor 13b and returns to the second winding 2b to charge the third capacitor 13b (accumulation of energy in the third capacitor 13b). ) Is continued. In addition, while the sixth switch 11b shifts to the OFF state, the eighth switch 14a shifts to the ON state as described above together with the seventh switch 13a being ON, as shown in FIG. A current path is formed from the capacitor 14b to the fourth capacitor 14b via the third capacitor 13b, the seventh switch 13a, the second inductor 12, the second DC power supply PS2, and the eighth switch 14a. As a result, the energy accumulated in the fourth capacitor 14b from the period T1 to the period T3 is released, so that the current Ie flows through this current path (the current Ie is supplied to the second DC power supply PS2).

  In addition, since the currents Ie and Ih flow in the reverse direction in the third series circuit unit 13 (the seventh switch 13a and the third capacitor 13b) in which these two current paths overlap, the combined current (Ie− Ih) flows to the seventh switch 13a. In addition, the current Ic flowing in the period T4 stops flowing through the fifth switch 11a, and only the current Ih flows (that is, a current smaller by the current Ic flows than in the period T4). The current Ic flowing through the sixth switch 11b when the sixth switch 11b shifts to the OFF state (turns off) is the current flowing through the second inductor 12 and the current flowing through the second winding 2b. The current value is lower than the peak value. For this reason, the turn-off loss in the sixth switch 11b is kept small.

  Subsequently, in the period T6, as shown in FIG. 2, the drive signal S1 is switched from the positive voltage to zero volt, and the drive signal S3 is switched from zero volt to the positive voltage. 7a shifts from the ON state to the OFF state, and the third switch 9a shifts from the OFF state to the ON state. Note that each of the other switches continues the ON / OFF state at the period T5 because the corresponding drive signal is the same as that at the period T5.

  In this case, in the circuit on the first winding 2a side, as shown in FIG. 8, since the ON state of the second switch 7b and the fourth switch 10a is continued, the same current path as in the periods T4 and T5 ( The current Ig continues to flow from the second capacitor 10b to the resonant inductor 15b, the first winding 2a and the resonant capacitor 15a, the second switch 7b and the fourth switch 10a to return to the second capacitor 10b). The discharge of the second capacitor 10b (energy release from the second capacitor 10b) is continued.

  In addition, since the first switch 7a shifts to the OFF state as described above, the voltage across the first inductor 8 is applied to the voltage of the first DC power supply PS1 (the first inductor 8 was applied during the periods T4 and T5). Application of a voltage obtained by adding a voltage (that is, a voltage equivalent to the voltage of the first DC power supply PS1) to the first series circuit unit 9 and the second series circuit unit 10 is started. Further, in this state, when the third switch 9a shifts to the ON state as described above together with the fourth switch 10a in the ON state, as shown in FIG. 8, from the first DC power supply PS1 to the first inductor 8, A current path is formed that returns to the first DC power supply PS1 via the third switch 9a, the first capacitor 9b, the second capacitor 10b, and the fourth switch 10a. Therefore, in addition to the energy from the first DC power supply PS1, the first inductor 8 releases the stored energy, so that the current If flows in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. As a result, the first capacitor 9b of the first series circuit unit 9 is charged with energy released from both the first DC power supply PS1 and the first inductor 8 (energy is stored in the first capacitor 9b).

  In addition, since the currents If and Ig flow in the reverse direction in the second series circuit unit 10 (the fourth switch 10a and the second capacitor 10b) where these two current paths overlap, the combined current (Ig− If) flows to the fourth switch 10a. In addition, the current Ia flowing in the period T5 stops flowing through the second switch 7b, and only the current Ig flows (that is, a current smaller by the current Ia flows than in the period T5). The current Ia flowing through the first switch 7a when the first switch 7a shifts to the OFF state (turns off) is the current flowing through the first inductor 8 and the current flowing through the first winding 2a. The current value is lower than the peak value. For this reason, the turn-off loss in the first switch 7a is kept small.

  On the other hand, in the circuit on the second winding 2b side, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 8, since all the switches from the fifth switch 11a to the eighth switch 14a continue the ON / OFF state at the period T5, the period Two current paths similar to those at the time of T5 are continuously formed, and currents Ih and Ie continuously flow through the respective current paths. Thereby, the charging of the third capacitor 13b (accumulation of energy in the third capacitor 13b) and the release of the energy accumulated in the fourth capacitor 14b (supply of the current Ie to the second DC power supply PS2) are continued. The

  Thereby, one cycle in the first operation is completed, but at the start time of the next new cycle (start time of the new period T1), as shown in FIG. 2, it corresponds to the drive signals S4 and S7. The fourth switch 10a and the seventh switch 13a that are turned on are respectively turned off (turned off). At this time, the current (Ig−If) flowing through the fourth switch 10a is thus changed to the first winding 2a. The current Ig is suppressed to be smaller than the current Ig flowing by the current If (ie, the current value is lower than the peak value of the current Ig flowing through the first winding 2a). For this reason, the turn-off loss in the fourth switch 10a is kept small. Further, the current (Ie−Ih) flowing through the seventh switch 13a is suppressed to be smaller by the current Ie than the current Ih flowing through the second winding 2b in this way (that is, in the second winding 2b). The current value is lower than the peak value of the flowing current Ih). For this reason, the turn-off loss in the seventh switch 13a is kept small.

In addition, when the voltage of the first DC power supply PS1 is V1 and the voltage of the second DC power supply PS2 is V2, the voltage V2 in the first operation is expressed by the following equation. Note that n is the turn ratio (Ns / Np) of the first winding 2a (turn number Np) and the second winding 2b (turn number Ns), and D1 is the on-duty of the first switch 7a and the second switch 7b. D2 is the on-duty of the seventh switch 13a and the eighth switch 14a.
V2 = n * V1 * (D2-0.5) / (1-D1)

  Further, as is apparent from this equation, the converter device 1A does not change the on-state without changing the switching frequency of each switch 7a, 7b, 9a, 10a, 11a, 11b, 13a, 14a in this first operation. The voltage V2 can be controlled by changing the duties D1 and D2.

  Next, the second operation will be described. In this converter device 1A, as shown in FIG. 1, a circuit disposed between a pair of first DC terminal portions 3a and 3b and a pair of first AC terminal portions 4a and 4b, and a pair of second DC terminals A circuit disposed between the terminal portions 5a and 5b and the pair of second AC terminal portions 6a and 6b has a symmetrical circuit configuration with the transformer 2 interposed therebetween.

  Therefore, in the second operation, as shown in FIG. 9, the control unit 16 sets the period T11 to the period T16 as one cycle and sends the drive signal S1 in FIG. 2 to the fifth switch 11a corresponding to the first switch 7a. The drive signal S5 is output at the same timing as that of the second switch 7b, the drive signal S6 is output to the sixth switch 11b corresponding to the second switch 7b at the same timing as that of the drive signal S2 in FIG. The drive signal S7 is output to the 7 switch 13a at the same timing as the drive signal S3 in FIG. 2, and the drive signal S8 is output to the eighth switch 14a corresponding to the fourth switch 10a at the same timing as the drive signal S4 in FIG. And outputs the drive signal S1 to the first switch 7a corresponding to the fifth switch 11a at the same timing as the drive signal S5 in FIG. 2, and corresponds to the sixth switch 11b. The drive signal S2 is output to the second switch 7b at the same timing as the drive signal S6 in FIG. 2, and the drive signal is output to the third switch 9a corresponding to the seventh switch 13a at the same timing as the drive signal S7 in FIG. The operation of outputting S3 and outputting the drive signal S4 to the fourth switch 10a corresponding to the eighth switch 14a at the same timing as the drive signal S8 in FIG. 2 is repeated.

  Thereby, in the converter device 1A, the circuit on the second winding 2b side operates in the same manner as the circuit on the first winding 2a side in the first operation described above, and the circuit on the first winding 2a side described above. By operating in the same manner as the circuit on the second winding 2b side in the first operation, converter device 1A executes a second operation of transmitting power from second DC power supply PS2 to first DC power supply PS1.

Further, the voltage V1 in the second operation is represented by the following equation. Note that D3 is the on-duty of the fifth switch 11a and the sixth switch 11b, and D4 is the on-duty of the third switch 9a and the fourth switch 10a.
V1 = 1 / n * V2 * (D4-0.5) / (1-D3)

  Further, as is clear from this equation, the converter device 1A can perform the above operation without changing the switching frequency of each switch 7a, 7b, 9a, 10a, 11a, 11b, 13a, 14a even in the second operation. The voltage V1 can be controlled by changing the on-duty D3, D4.

  Thus, in the converter device 1A, the circuit on the first winding 2a side includes the first DC terminal portions 3a and 3b, the first AC terminal portions 4a and 4b, and the first series switch portion together with the first winding 2a. 7, the first inductor 8, the first series circuit unit 9 and the second series circuit unit 10 are connected as shown in FIG. 1, and the circuit on the second winding 2b side is together with the second winding 2b. As shown in FIG. 1, the first AC terminal portions 4a and 4b, the second AC terminal portions 6a and 6b, the second series switch portion 11, the second inductor 12, the third series circuit portion 13 and the fourth series circuit portion 14 Connected and configured. Further, the LC resonance circuit 15 is at least one of the first winding 2a and the first AC terminal portions 4a and 4b, and the second winding 2b and the second AC terminal portions 6a and 6b. Insert connected.

  Therefore, according to the converter device 1A, the control unit 16 outputs the drive signals S1 to S8 at the timing shown in FIG. 2 to drive the first switch 7a to the eighth switch 14a (the first switch 7a). (By executing switching control for sequentially shifting the eighth switch 14a to the ON / OFF state in the period T1 to the period T6), the turn-off loss in all the switches of the first switch 7a to the eighth switch 14a is reduced. However, the first operation of transmitting power from the first DC power source PS1 to the second DC power source PS2 can be executed. Further, according to the converter device 1A, the control unit 16 outputs the drive signals S1 to S8 at the timing shown in FIG. 9 to drive the first switch 7a to the eighth switch 14a (the first switch 7a). (By executing switching control for sequentially shifting the eighth switch 14a to the ON / OFF state in the periods T11 to T16), the turn-off loss in all the switches of the first switch 7a to the eighth switch 14a is kept small. However, the second operation of transmitting power from the second DC power source PS2 to the first DC power source PS1 can be executed.

  Further, according to this converter device 1A, the first inductor 8 is inserted and connected between the first DC terminal portions 3a, 3b and the first series switch portion 7, and the second DC terminal portions 5a, 5b and the second Since the second inductor 12 is inserted and connected to the series switch unit 11, the ripple current of the current input / output between the first DC terminal units 3a and 3b and the first DC power source PS1 is converted to the first inductor 8. And the ripple current of the current input / output between the second DC terminal portions 5a and 5b and the second DC power source PS2 can be reduced by the second inductor 12.

  As an example of the converter device, a transformer 2 having two windings, a first winding 2a and a second winding 2b, is provided, and two DC power sources, a first DC power source PS1 and a second DC power source PS2. The converter device 1A that can supply power to each other has been described as an example. For example, like the converter device 1B shown in FIG. 11, the first winding 2a, the second winding 2b, and the second winding are used. With the configuration including the transformer 21 in which the three windings of the line 2c are formed, it is also possible to supply power to each other among the three DC power sources PS1, PS2, PS3. Hereinafter, the converter device 1B will be described. In addition, about the structure same as converter apparatus 1A, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  First, the configuration of converter device 1B will be described with reference to FIG. The converter device 1B includes a transformer 21 and a control unit 28 instead of the transformer 2 and the control unit 16 of the converter device 1A, and a pair of first DC terminal units 3a and 3b and a pair of the same as the converter device 1A. First AC terminal portions 4a, 4b, a pair of second DC terminal portions 5a, 5b, a pair of second AC terminal portions 6a, 6b, a first series switch portion 7, a first inductor 8, a first series circuit portion 9, A second series circuit unit 10, a second series switch unit 11, a second inductor 12, a third series circuit unit 13, a fourth series circuit unit 14, and an LC resonance circuit 15 are provided. Further, converter device 1B further includes a pair of third DC terminal portions 22a and 22b, a pair of third AC terminal portions 23a and 23b, a third series switch portion 24, a third inductor 25, a fifth series circuit portion 26, and A sixth series circuit unit 27 is provided.

  In detail, the transformer 21 is formed in a common magnetic core (not shown) as an example in the present example, and three windings (first winding 2a and second winding 2b) that are magnetically coupled to each other. And a third winding 2c). The pair of third AC terminal portions 23a, 23b is connected to the third winding 2c via a pair of third connection lines L3a, L3b.

  The LC resonance circuit 15 is inserted and connected to the first connection lines L1a and L1b as an example. However, the LC resonance circuit 15 is not limited to this configuration, and the LC resonance circuit 15 includes the first connection lines L1a and L1b and the second connection lines. It is only necessary to be inserted and connected to at least one of the lines L2a and L2b and the third connection lines L3a and L3b.

  The third series switch unit 24 includes a ninth switch 24a (in the drawing) that is connected to each other at one third AC terminal unit (in this example, the third AC terminal unit 23a) of the third AC terminal units 23a and 23b. And a tenth switch 24b (also referred to as “Q10” in the drawing). In this example, as an example, the ninth switch 24a and the tenth switch 24b are both configured by n-channel FETs, and the source terminal of the ninth switch 24a and the drain terminal of the tenth switch 24b are the third AC terminal portion 23a. It is connected. One end of the series circuit (in this example, the drain terminal of the ninth switch 24a) is connected to one third DC of the pair of third DC terminal portions 22a and 22b via the fifth power line Lp5. It is connected to the terminal portion (in this example, the third DC terminal portion 22a). The other end of the series circuit (in this example, the source terminal of the tenth switch 24b) is connected to the other third DC of the pair of third DC terminals 22a and 22b via the sixth power line Lp6. It is connected to the terminal portion (in this example, the third DC terminal portion 22b).

  The third inductor 25 is inserted and connected to at least one of the fifth power line Lp5 and the sixth power line Lp6. In this example, as an example, the third inductor 25 is inserted and connected to the fifth power line Lp5. However, although not shown, the third inductor 25 may be inserted and connected to the sixth power line Lp6. The power supply line Lp5 and the sixth power line Lp6 may be separately inserted and connected.

  The fifth series circuit unit 26 includes an eleventh switch 26a (also expressed as “Q11” in the drawing) and a fifth capacitor 26b connected in series. In this example, as an example, the eleventh switch 26a is formed of an n-channel FET, and the drain terminal of the eleventh switch 26a is connected to one terminal of the fifth capacitor 26b. Further, in the fifth series circuit unit 26, one end (in this example, the source terminal of the eleventh switch 26a) is one end (in this example, the drain terminal of the ninth switch 24a) of the third series switch unit 24. And the other end portion (in this example, the other terminal of the fifth capacitor 26b) is the other third AC terminal portion (in this example, the second terminal of the fifth capacitor 26b). 3 AC terminal portion 23b). Note that the fifth series circuit unit 26 has a fifth capacitor 26b on one end side of the third series switch unit 24 and an eleventh switch on the third AC terminal unit 23b side instead of this configuration. The structure which has arrange | positioned 26a in the same direction may be sufficient.

  The sixth series circuit unit 27 includes a twelfth switch 27a (also referred to as “Q12” in the drawing) and a sixth capacitor 27b connected in series. In this example, as an example, the twelfth switch 27a is composed of an n-channel FET, and the source terminal of the twelfth switch 27a is connected to one terminal of the sixth capacitor 27b. The sixth series circuit unit 27 has one end (in this example, the other terminal of the sixth capacitor 27b) connected to the other third AC terminal (in this example, the third AC terminal 23b). In addition, the other end (in this example, the drain terminal of the twelfth switch 27a) is connected to the other end (the source terminal of the tenth switch 24b in this example) of the third series switch unit 24. Instead of this configuration, the sixth series circuit unit 27 is arranged with the twelfth switch 27a in the same direction on the third AC terminal unit 23b side, and on the other end side of the third series switch unit 24. The sixth capacitor 27b may be arranged.

  For example, based on an operation instruction input from the outside, the control unit 28 indicates the operation (power transmission) in the converter device 1B (from the first DC terminal units 3a and 3b to the second DC terminal unit 5a). , 5b and the third DC terminal portions 22a and 22b, power transmission from the second DC terminal portions 5a and 5b to the first DC terminal portions 3a and 3b and the third DC terminal portions 22a and 22b, and third The first switch 7a to the fourth switch 10a so as to be one of the power transmissions from the DC terminal portions 22a and 22b to the first DC terminal portions 3a and 3b and the second DC terminal portions 5a and 5b. Drive signals S1, S2, S3, and S4 are respectively output to the four switches, and the drive signals S5, S6, and S4 are output to the four switches from the fifth switch 11a to the eighth switch 14a. 7 and S8 are output, and the drive signals S9, S10, S11, and S12 are output to the four switches from the ninth switch 24a to the twelfth switch 27a, thereby executing the switching control for these twelve switches. To do. In the present example, since the switches from the first switch 7a to the twelfth switch 27a are composed of FETs as described above, the control unit 28 uses appropriate drive circuits (not shown) for the switches 7a to 27a. The corresponding drive signal among the drive signals S1 to S12 is output as a positive voltage signal with reference to the potential of the source terminal between the gates and the sources of the switches 7a to 27a.

  Next, the operation of the converter device 1B will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 9, 10, and 11. FIG. In the following, as shown in FIG. 11, the first DC power source PS1 is connected between the first DC terminal portions 3a and 3b, the second DC power source PS2 is connected between the second DC terminal portions 5a and 5b, In a state where the third DC power supply PS3 is connected between the DC terminal portions 22a and 22b, a first operation for transmitting power from the first DC power supply PS1 to the second DC power supply PS2 and the third DC power supply PS3, and a second DC A second operation for transmitting power from the power source PS2 to the first DC power source PS1 and the third DC power source PS3, and a third operation for transmitting power from the third DC power source PS3 to the first DC power source PS1 and the second DC power source PS2. explain.

  First, the first operation will be described. In this first operation, the control unit 28 corresponds to each of the drive signals S1 to S12 from the first switch 7a to the twelfth switch 27a with the output state from the period T1 to the period T6 shown in FIG. 2 as one cycle. Outputs repeatedly to the switch. Note that “ON” and “OFF” in FIG. 2 indicate ON / OFF states of the switches corresponding to the drive signals S1 to S12. Moreover, in this converter apparatus 1B, as shown in FIG. 11, the circuit arrange | positioned between a pair of 1st DC terminal parts 3a and 3b and a pair of 1st AC terminal parts 4a and 4b, and a pair of 1st DC terminal parts. The circuit disposed between the two DC terminal portions 5a and 5b and the pair of second AC terminal portions 6a and 6b has a symmetrical circuit configuration with the transformer 21 therebetween, and a pair of third DC terminals. The circuit disposed between the terminal portions 22a and 22b and the pair of third AC terminal portions 23a and 23b is also disposed between the second DC terminal portions 5a and 5b and the second AC terminal portions 6a and 6b. Similar to the circuit described above, the circuit configuration is symmetrical to the circuit disposed between the first DC terminal portions 3a and 3b and the first AC terminal portions 4a and 4b with the transformer 21 interposed therebetween.

  For this reason, as an example, a circuit on the third DC power supply PS3 side (the third winding 2c side (the third DC terminal portions 22a and 22b side) that transmits power from the first DC power supply PS1 in the same manner as the second DC power supply PS2. ) Of the drive signals S9, S10, S11, and S12 to the ninth switch 24a, the tenth switch 24b, the eleventh switch 26a, and the twelfth switch 27a, as shown in FIG. Drive signals S5, S6, S7, S8 to the fifth switch 11a, the sixth switch 11b, the seventh switch 13a, and the eighth switch 14a constituting the circuit on the power supply PS2 side (the circuit on the second winding 2b side); The signal changes at the same timing.

  In this case, in the converter device 1B, the circuit on the first winding 2a side constituted by the first series switch unit 7 and the like is the same as in the first operation of the circuit on the first winding 2a side in the converter device 1A. The circuit on the second winding 2b side constituted by the second series switch unit 11 etc. and the circuit on the third winding 2c side constituted by the third series switch unit 24 etc. are The operation is the same as in the first operation of the circuit on the second winding 2b side. Thereby, converter apparatus 1B performs the 1st operation | movement which transmits electric power from 1st DC power supply PS1 to 2nd DC power supply PS2 and 3rd DC power supply PS3.

Further, when the voltage of the third DC power supply PS3 is V3, the relationship represented by the following equation is established between the voltages V1, V2, and V3.
1 / N1 * 1 / (1-D1) * V1 = 1 / N2 * 1 / (1-D2) * V2 = 1 / N3 * 1 / (1-D3) * V3
VC1 is a voltage applied to each capacitor 9b, 10b, VC2 is a voltage applied to each capacitor 13b, 14b, and VC3 is a voltage applied to each capacitor 26b, 27b. Further, D1 is the on-duty of each switch 7a, 7b, D2 is the on-duty of each switch 11a, 11b, and D3 is the on-duty of each switch 24a, 24b. Further, the number of turns of each of the windings 2a, 2b, and 2c is defined so that the number of turns of the winding 2a: the number of turns of the winding 2b: the number of turns of the winding 2c = N1: N2: N3.
In this case, VC1 = (N1 / N2) × VC2 = (N1 / N3) × VC3, VC1 = 0.5 × 1 / (1-D1) × V1, VC2 = 0.5 × 1 / (1-D2) Each formula of × V2 and VC3 = 0.5 × 1 / (1−D3) × V3 is established, and by combining these formulas, the relational expressions between the voltages V1, V2, and V3 are calculated. The

  Next, the second operation will be described. In this second operation, the control unit 28 corresponds to each of the drive signals S1 to S12 from the first switch 7a to the twelfth switch 27a with the output state from the period T11 to the period T16 shown in FIG. 9 as one cycle. Outputs repeatedly to the switch. Note that “ON” and “OFF” in FIG. 9 indicate ON / OFF states of the switches corresponding to the drive signals S1 to S12. As an example, a ninth switch 24a constituting a circuit on the third DC power supply PS3 side (circuit on the third winding 2c side) that transmits power from the second DC power supply PS2 in the same manner as the first DC power supply PS1; The drive signals S9, S10, S11, and S12 to the tenth switch 24b, the eleventh switch 26a, and the twelfth switch 27a are, as shown in FIG. 9, a circuit on the first DC power supply PS1 side (the first winding 2a side). ) Of the first switch 7a, the second switch 7b, the third switch 9a, and the fourth switch 10a constituting the circuit) are changed at the same timing as the drive signals S1, S2, S3, S4.

  In this case, in the converter device 1B, the circuit on the first winding 2a side configured by the first series switch unit 7 and the circuit on the third winding 2c side configured by the third series switch unit 24 and the like The circuit on the second winding 2b side, which is operated in the same way as the second operation of the circuit on the first winding 2a side in the device 1A, is configured in the converter device 1A. The operation is the same as in the second operation of the circuit on the second winding 2b side. Thereby, converter device 1B executes the second operation of transmitting power from second DC power supply PS2 to first DC power supply PS1 and third DC power supply PS3.

  Subsequently, the third operation will be described. In the third operation, the control unit 28 corresponds to each of the drive signals S1 to S12 from the first switch 7a to the twelfth switch 27a with the output state from the period T11 to the period T16 shown in FIG. 10 as one cycle. Outputs repeatedly to the switch. Note that “ON” and “OFF” in FIG. 10 indicate the ON / OFF states of the switches corresponding to the drive signals S1 to S12. In the third operation, the circuit on the third winding 2c side supplies power in the same manner as the circuit on the first winding 2a side in the first operation and the circuit on the second winding 2b side in the second operation. Send it out. Therefore, the drive signals S9, S10, S11, and S12 to the circuit on the third winding 2c side are signals that change at the same timing as the drive signals S5, S6, S7, and S8 shown in FIG. Similarly to the circuit on the first winding 2a side, the fifth switch 11a, the sixth switch 11b, the seventh switch 13a, and the seventh switch constituting the circuit on the second winding 2b side where power is transmitted from the third DC power source PS3. For the drive signals S5, S6, S7, and S8 to the 8 switch 14a, as shown in FIG. 10, a first switch 7a, a second switch 7b, and a circuit constituting the first winding 2a side in the second operation are provided. The signals change at the same timing as the drive signals S1, S2, S3, and S4 to the third switch 9a and the fourth switch 10a.

  In this case, in the converter device 1B, the circuit on the first winding 2a side configured by the first series switch unit 7 and the circuit on the second winding 2b side configured by the second series switch unit 11 and the like The circuit on the third winding 2c side, which is operated in the same way as the second operation of the circuit on the first winding 2a side in the device 1A, is configured in the converter device 1A. The operation is the same as in the second operation of the circuit on the second winding 2b side. Thereby, converter apparatus 1B performs the 3rd operation | movement which transmits electric power from 3rd DC power supply PS3 to 1st DC power supply PS1 and 2nd DC power supply PS2.

  Also in this converter device 1B, in the same manner as in converter device 1A, the turn-off loss in all the switches of first switch 7a to twelfth switch 27a in any of the first operation, the second operation, and the third operation. It is possible to transmit power while keeping the value small.

  Also in this converter device 1B, the first inductor 8 is inserted and connected between the first DC terminal portions 3a and 3b and the first series switch portion 7, and the second DC terminal portions 5a and 5b and the second series switch are connected. Since the second inductor 12 is inserted and connected between the first and second parts 11, and the third inductor 25 is inserted and connected between the third DC terminal parts 22a and 22b and the third series switch part 24, the first DC The ripple current of the current input / output between the terminal portions 3a, 3b and the first DC power source PS1 can be reduced by the first inductor 8, and the input current is input between the second DC terminal portions 5a, 5b and the second DC power source PS2. The ripple current of the output current can be reduced by the second inductor 12, and the ripple current of the current input / output between the third DC terminal portions 22a and 22b and the third DC power supply PS3 can be reduced by the third inductor 25. Can.

  Further, as an example of a converter device, a converter device including a transformer having two windings, a converter device 1A that enables exchange of power between the two power sources PS1 and PS2, and a transformer having three windings. The converter device 1B that enables the exchange of power between the three power sources PS1, PS2, and PS3 has been described. Although not illustrated, the number of transformer windings is four or more, and m It is also possible to realize a converter device that allows power to be exchanged between power supplies.

  In the converter devices 1A and 1B, the resonance capacitor 15a and the resonance inductor 15b as independent components constitute the LC resonance circuit 15, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the resonant capacitor 15a is replaced with a configuration provided as an independent component, and in the converter device 1A, the first capacitor 9b of the first series circuit unit 9 or the second capacitor 10b of the second series circuit unit 10 is used. Alternatively, the third capacitor 13b of the third series circuit unit 13 and the fourth capacitor 14b of the fourth series circuit unit 14 can be substituted, and in the converter device 1B, the fifth capacitor of the fifth series circuit unit 26 is further changed. The capacitor 26b and the sixth capacitor 27b of the sixth series circuit unit 27 can be substituted.

  Further, the resonance inductor 15b can be replaced with the leakage inductance of the transformer 2 in the converter device 1A instead of the configuration provided as an independent component, and the leakage of the transformer 21 in the converter device 1B. Inductance can be substituted.

1A, 1B converter device
2,21 Transformer 2a First winding 2b Second winding 2c Third winding 3a, 3b First DC terminal portion 4a, 4b First AC terminal portion 5a, 5b Second DC terminal portion 6a, 6b Second AC terminal Part
7 1st series switch part 7a 1st switch 7b 2nd switch
8 First inductor
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 1st series circuit part 9a 3rd switch 9b 1st capacitor 10 2nd series circuit part 10a 4th switch 10b 2nd capacitor 11 2nd series switch part 11a 5th switch 11b 6th switch 12 2nd inductor 13 3rd series Circuit part 13a 7th switch 13b 3rd capacitor 14 4th series circuit part 14a 8th switch 14b 4th capacitor 15 LC resonance circuit 16,28 Control part 22a, 22b 3rd DC terminal part 23a, 23b 3rd AC terminal part 24 3rd series switch part 24a 9th switch 24b 10th switch 25 3rd inductor 26 5th series circuit part 26a 11th switch 26b 5th capacitor 26 6th series circuit part 26a 12th switch 26b 6th capacitor

Claims (2)

A transformer in which a first winding and a second winding are formed;
A pair of first DC terminal portions;
A pair of first AC terminal portions connected to the first winding via a pair of first connection lines;
A pair of second DC terminal portions;
A pair of second AC terminal portions connected to the second winding via a pair of second connection lines;
The first and second switches are connected to each other at one first AC terminal portion of the pair of first AC terminal portions, and one end portion of the pair of first AC terminal portions is connected to the pair of first AC terminal portions via a first power line. The other first DC terminal portion of the pair of first DC terminal portions is connected to one first DC terminal portion of the first DC terminal portions, and the other end portion is connected to the first DC terminal portion via the second power line. A first series switch connected to
A first inductor inserted and connected to at least one of the first power line and the second power line;
A third switch and a first capacitor connected in series, one end of which is connected to the one end of the first series switch and the other end is the pair of first AC terminals. A first series circuit portion connected to the other first AC terminal portion of the portions;
A fourth switch and a second capacitor connected in series, one end of which is connected to the other first AC terminal, and the other end is the other end of the first series switch. A second series circuit section connected to the section;
It is comprised by the 5th switch and 6th switch which were mutually connected by one 2nd alternating current terminal part of the pair of 2nd alternating current terminal parts, and one end part is a pair of said pair via a 3rd electric power line. The other second DC terminal portion of the pair of second DC terminal portions is connected to one second DC terminal portion of the second DC terminal portions, and the other end portion is connected to the second DC terminal portion via the fourth power line. A second series switch connected to
A second inductor inserted and connected to at least one of the third power line and the fourth power line;
A seventh switch and a third capacitor connected in series, one end of which is connected to the one end of the second series switch, and the other end is the pair of second AC terminals. A third series circuit part connected to the other second AC terminal part of the parts;
An eighth switch and a fourth capacitor connected in series, one end of which is connected to the other second AC terminal and the other end is the other end of the second series switch. A fourth series circuit section connected to the section;
An LC resonant circuit inserted and connected to at least one of the pair of first connection lines and the pair of second connection lines;
A control unit configured to supply power between the pair of first DC terminal units and the pair of second DC terminal units by executing switching control from the first switch to the eighth switch. Converter device. A transformer formed with a first winding, a second winding, and a third winding;
A pair of first DC terminal portions;
A pair of first AC terminal portions connected to the first winding via a pair of first connection lines;
A pair of second DC terminal portions;
A pair of second AC terminal portions connected to the second winding via a pair of second connection lines;
A pair of third DC terminal portions;
A pair of third AC terminal portions connected to the third winding via a pair of third connection lines;
The first and second switches are connected to each other at one first AC terminal portion of the pair of first AC terminal portions, and one end portion of the pair of first AC terminal portions is connected to the pair of first AC terminal portions via a first power line. The other first DC terminal portion of the pair of first DC terminal portions is connected to one first DC terminal portion of the first DC terminal portions, and the other end portion is connected to the first DC terminal portion via the second power line. A first series switch connected to
A first inductor inserted and connected to at least one of the first power line and the second power line;
A third switch and a first capacitor connected in series, one end of which is connected to the one end of the first series switch and the other end is the pair of first AC terminals. A first series circuit portion connected to the other first AC terminal portion of the portions;
A fourth switch and a second capacitor connected in series, one end of which is connected to the other first AC terminal, and the other end is the other end of the first series switch. A second series circuit section connected to the section;
It is comprised by the 5th switch and 6th switch which were mutually connected by one 2nd alternating current terminal part of the pair of 2nd alternating current terminal parts, and one end part is a pair of said pair via a 3rd electric power line. The other second DC terminal portion of the pair of second DC terminal portions is connected to one second DC terminal portion of the second DC terminal portions, and the other end portion is connected to the second DC terminal portion via the fourth power line. A second series switch connected to
A second inductor inserted and connected to at least one of the third power line and the fourth power line;
A seventh switch and a third capacitor connected in series, one end of which is connected to the one end of the second series switch, and the other end is the pair of second AC terminals. A third series circuit part connected to the other second AC terminal part of the parts;
An eighth switch and a fourth capacitor connected in series, one end of which is connected to the other second AC terminal and the other end is the other end of the second series switch. A fourth series circuit section connected to the section;
It is composed of a ninth switch and a tenth switch connected to each other at one third AC terminal portion of the pair of third AC terminal portions, and one end portion of the pair of third AC terminal portions via a fifth power line. The other third DC terminal portion of the pair of third DC terminal portions is connected to one third DC terminal portion of the third DC terminal portions, and the other end portion is connected to the third DC terminal portion via the sixth power line. A third series switch connected to
A third inductor inserted and connected to at least one of the fifth power line and the sixth power line;
An eleventh switch and a fifth capacitor connected in series, one end of which is connected to the one end of the third series switch and the other end of the pair of third AC terminals A fifth series circuit portion connected to the other third AC terminal portion of the portions;
It is composed of a twelfth switch and a sixth capacitor connected in series, and one end is connected to the other third AC terminal and the other end is the other end of the third series switch. A sixth series circuit unit connected to the unit;
An LC resonance circuit inserted and connected to at least one of the pair of first connection lines, the pair of second connection lines, and the pair of third connection lines;
By performing switching control from the first switch to the twelfth switch, power is mutually transmitted between the pair of first DC terminal portions, the pair of second DC terminal portions, and the pair of third DC terminal portions. The converter apparatus provided with the control part to supply.

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