JP2019143425A - Scaffold installation method and scaffold installation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a scaffold installation method capable of efficiently carrying out a scaffold installation work and reducing scaffold installation cost when installing a scaffold in a large structure.SOLUTION: A scaffold 10 is installed by lifting a plurality of kinds of scaffold units 11 to 15 having a predetermined size and arranging in a width direction in each of a part of scaffold installation positions (second to fifth diagonal member portions S2 to S5). After completion of a work in the scaffold installation position where the scaffold 10 is installed, a new scaffold 10 is installed by lifting the scaffold units 11 to 15 one by one and moving to another scaffold installation position in a vertical direction. Thus, a heavy machine required for installing the scaffold 10 is only a small crane 6 for lifting and moving each scaffold unit 11 to 15, and the scaffold 10 can be installed even in a job site where use of a large heavy machine is difficult. In addition, number of man-hour required for assembly and demolition of a scaffold on a job site can be reduced, and a construction period of a scaffold installation can be shortened by reduced man-hour.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

  The present invention relates to a scaffold installation method and a scaffold installation structure for installing a scaffold for inspecting, repairing, painting and the like of a large structure such as a main tower of a suspension bridge.

  In general, a suspension bridge constructed in a strait or a river has a main tower that supports a main cable. The main tower is usually composed of a pair of tower columns, and a horizontal material and a diagonal material arranged between the tower columns.

  In the main tower of such a suspension bridge, for example, when repainting the diagonal material, it is necessary to work by installing a scaffolding on the diagonal material. Normally, in diagonal materials of large structures such as the main tower of a suspension bridge, if a single-tube scaffold is installed, a huge number of scaffold materials will be assembled and dismantled by manpower at high places. There is a problem that the installation and removal work of the scaffold requires a lot of labor and time, and the cost of installing the scaffold becomes high.

  On the other hand, as a scaffold for working at a high place, a lifting and lowering scaffold that raises the scaffold itself from below the construction site to the work site is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). Such a lifting scaffold is suitable.

  In addition, there is also known one in which a gondola is moved to a work position at an arbitrary position in the vertical direction by raising and lowering a work gondola suspended from above the structure by a crane or the like (for example, Patent Documents). 2).

JP 2011-246894 A Japanese Utility Model Publication 1-153050

  By the way, the former elevating type scaffold requires a guide mast that supports the scaffold in a movable manner, but installation of the guide mast requires a connecting beam that connects the structure and the mast at regular intervals. However, in the main tower of the suspension bridge, the interval between the members of the diagonal members is large, and when trying to employ such a lifting type scaffold, the interval between the connecting beams becomes too long and it is difficult to install the guide mast. Furthermore, depending on the suspension bridge, some tower columns are inclined inward, and in this case, the interval between the tower columns gradually decreases from the bottom to the top. For this reason, there is also a problem that it is not possible to cope with a change in the width of the work area if a scaffold with a certain width such as a lift-type scaffold is moved up and down.

  In addition, the suspension type such as the latter does not depend on the shape of the structure side because it is not necessary to support the gondola on the structure using a guide mast. It is used to perform partial inspections and repairs of local areas in a short period of time, and is not suitable as a scaffold for long-term use over a wide range of large structures. That is, for example, in order to use as a scaffold over the entire width of the diagonal material in the main tower, it is necessary to suspend the gondola from a high place with a large crane or a plurality of cranes over a long period of time. There is a problem that it is not realistic in terms of safety.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the object of the present invention is to efficiently perform scaffold installation work and reduce scaffold installation cost when installing a scaffold on a large structure. It is another object of the present invention to provide a scaffold installation method and a scaffold installation structure that can improve safety.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a scaffold installation method for installing a scaffold for each of a plurality of scaffold installation locations in a vertical direction in a structure, wherein a plurality of scaffold units having a predetermined size are suspended to form a part of the scaffold. After installing the scaffolding by arranging in the width direction at the installation location and finishing the work at the scaffold installation location, each scaffold unit is suspended one or more and moved up or down to move the other in the vertical direction By arranging in the width direction at the scaffold installation location, the scaffold is installed at other scaffold installation locations in the vertical direction.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a scaffold installation structure in which a scaffold is installed for each of a plurality of scaffold installation locations in a vertical direction in a structure, wherein the scaffold includes a plurality of scaffold units having a predetermined size. It is installed by suspending and arranging in the width direction at some scaffold installation locations, and each scaffold unit is suspended one or more and moved up or down to width to other scaffold installation locations in the vertical direction. By arranging in the direction, it can be installed at other scaffold installation locations in the vertical direction.

  As a result, after the work at the scaffold installation location where the scaffold is installed is finished, each scaffold unit is suspended one or more and moved to other scaffold installation locations in the vertical direction, and newly added to other scaffold installation locations. Since the scaffolding is installed, for example, the only heavy equipment necessary for the installation of the scaffolding is a small crane for suspending and moving each scaffolding unit.

  According to the present invention, since only a small crane for suspending and moving each scaffold unit is required for the installation of the scaffold, the scaffold can be installed even at a site where it is difficult to use the large heavy machine. In this case, by using a scaffold unit assembled in advance in a factory or work yard, the number of steps required to assemble and disassemble the scaffold at the site can be greatly reduced, and the work period for installing the scaffold can be shortened by reducing the number of steps. You can also. In addition, since the scaffold unit assembled on the ground can be installed and moved with a crane, it is possible to greatly reduce the assembly and disassembly work of the scaffold by manpower at high places, and to improve safety. . Furthermore, when moving the scaffold to other scaffold installation locations with different widths, by increasing or decreasing the number of scaffold units according to the width of the scaffold installation location, for example, the scaffold installation location where the width changes depending on the vertical position Can respond.

The front view of the main tower of the suspension bridge which shows one Embodiment of this invention Side view of main tower Front view showing a state in which a scaffold is installed in the second diagonal member Partial front view of the scaffold Front view of the main part of the scaffold other than the intersection of diagonal materials Front view of the main part of the scaffolding at the intersection of diagonal materials Side view showing the installation procedure of scaffolding Side view showing the installation procedure of scaffolding Side view showing the installation procedure of scaffolding Front view showing a procedure for moving the scaffold unit from the second diagonal member to the third diagonal member Front view showing a state in which a scaffold is installed on the third diagonal member The front view which shows the state which installed the scaffold in the 4th diagonal part Front view showing a state in which a scaffold is installed on the fifth diagonal member The figure which shows the number of the scaffold units in the 2nd-5th diagonal material part

  1 to 14 show an embodiment of the present invention. For example, a scaffold installation method and a scaffold installation structure for installing a scaffold for inspecting, repairing, painting and the like of a suspension bridge are shown. In the following description, the width direction indicates the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis of the suspension bridge, and the depth direction indicates the bridge axis direction of the suspension bridge.

  The suspension tower main tower shown in the figure is provided with tower pillars 1 for supporting the main cable 1a on both sides of the suspension structure portion 2 in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, and a plurality of diagonal members 3 and upper and lower horizontal members 4 are used. It is a connection between them. The suspension structure 2 is composed of a floor slab 2a, a steel reinforcing beam 2b, and the like, and is suspended from the main cable 1a by a plurality of wire ropes 1b. The diagonal member 3 has a structure that connects the tower columns 1 so as to intersect with each other in an X shape, and is provided at intervals in the vertical direction. In this case, each diagonal member 3 is provided at one location below the suspension structure 2 and at four locations above the bridge girder 2, and in order from the bottom, the first diagonal component S1, the second diagonal component S2, and the third diagonal component. A part S3, a fourth diagonal part S4, and a fifth diagonal part S5 are used. Each column 1 is inclined toward the center of the main tower, whereby the widths of the diagonal members S1 to S5 are gradually narrowed from below to above. Further, the horizontal member 4 has a structure that connects the tower pillars 1 in the horizontal direction, and is disposed directly below the tower top and the suspension structure 2.

  In this embodiment, the scaffold 10 is installed using the following scaffold units. In this embodiment, a case is shown in which scaffolds are sequentially installed in the second diagonal member S2 to the fifth diagonal member S5, which are a plurality of scaffold installation locations.

  The scaffold 10 includes first and second scaffold units 11 and 12 that are disposed at portions other than the intersecting portion of the diagonal member 3, and third, fourth, and fifth scaffold units 13 that are disposed at the intersecting portion of the oblique member 3. , 14, 15 are used.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the first and second scaffold units 11 and 12 have a work floor 10 a disposed at the lower end of each unit 11 and 12, and upward from both ends in the width direction and both ends in the depth direction of the work floor 10 a. Each vertical frame member 10b is connected to a plurality of reinforcing members 10c that intersect in an X shape and a plurality of horizontal frame members 10d extending in the horizontal direction. The work floor 10a is formed, for example, by arranging a plurality of metal or wooden plate-like floor materials. A fixing member 10e extending in one direction in the depth direction is provided on the top of the first and second scaffold units 11 and 12, and the fixing member 10e is fixed to the upper surface of the diagonal member 3. The first scaffold unit 11 is provided with one work floor 10a in the width direction, and the second scaffold unit 12 is provided with two work floors 10a in the width direction. In this case, the second scaffold unit 12 is formed so that each work floor 10a and the upper part thereof are displaced in the vertical direction. Further, in the first and second scaffold units 11, 12, the work floor 10a is provided only at the lower end of each unit 11, 12, but instead of providing the work floor 10a in a plurality of upper and lower steps, two steps of upper and lower steps 10f is provided, so that the operator can move up and down diagonally along the diagonal 3 with the staircase 10f, and the staircase 10f can also be used as a work floor.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the third to fifth scaffold units 13 to 15 include a plurality of work floors 10 a that are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction, and both width direction ends and depth direction ends of the work floor 10 a. It consists of a plurality of vertical frame members 10b extending upward, and each vertical frame member 10b is connected by a plurality of reinforcing members 10c intersecting in an X shape and a plurality of horizontal frame members 10d extending in the horizontal direction. A fixing member 10e extending in the depth direction is provided on the top of the third to fifth scaffold units 13 to 15, and the fixing member 10e is fixed to the upper surface of the diagonal member 3. Moreover, the 3rd-5th scaffold units 13-15 are formed so that the number of each work floor 10a may each differ in an up-down direction. The third scaffold unit 13 is provided with 10 upper and lower work floors 10a one by one in the width direction, and the fourth scaffold unit 14 is provided with eight upper and lower work floors 10a one by one in the width direction, The fifth scaffold unit 15 is provided with seven upper and lower work floors 10a one by one in the width direction. In addition, the third to fifth scaffold units 13 to 15 are provided with ladders or stairs (not shown) for the operator to move between the work floors 10a in the vertical direction.

  That is, if the width of one work floor 10a is W, the widths of the first, third, fourth, and fifth scaffold units 11, 13, 14, and 15 are W as shown in FIGS. Thus, the width of the second scaffold unit 12 is 2W.

  Next, a method for installing the scaffold 10 on each diagonal member 3 using the respective scaffold units 11 to 15 will be described. In addition, before installing the scaffolding 10, the suspension structure 2 is provided with a protective work 5 that covers the upper side of the road surface, and the upper surface of the protective work 5 is used as a work yard for installing the scaffolding. A crane 6 for lifting the scaffold unit is installed on the horizontal member 4 at the top of the tower.

  First, as shown in FIG. 3, the scaffold 10 is installed on the second diagonal member S2. At that time, the scaffold units 11 to 15 assembled in advance in the factory or the work yard on the protective work 5 are lifted one by one by the crane 6 and fixed to the diagonal member 3 of the second diagonal member S2. For example, when the first scaffold unit 11 is installed, the wire 6a of the crane 6 is connected to the upper end of the first scaffold unit 11 as shown in FIG. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 8, the first scaffold unit 11 is moved toward the diagonal member 3, and the fixing member 10 d of the first scaffold unit 11 is fixed to the upper surface of the diagonal member 3 via the fixing tool 7. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 9, the first scaffold unit 11 on the opposite side is lifted to the other side in the depth direction of the diagonal member 3 and fixed to the upper surface of the diagonal member 3 in the same manner as described above. Thereafter, the lowermost horizontal frame members 10d of the first scaffold units 11 are connected to each other by the horizontal frame connecting beams 10g, and the work floor 10a is attached to the horizontal frame connecting beams 10g, whereby the side surfaces ( The installation of the first scaffold unit 11 surrounding both the depth direction and the lower surface is completed. The other scaffold units 12 to 15 are similarly installed. Further, each first scaffold unit 11 and each second scaffold unit 12 are arranged so as to be displaced from each other in the vertical direction along the inclination of the diagonal member 3. In addition, the number of scaffold units in the following description is a number in which a pair of scaffold units in the depth direction connected by the horizontal frame connecting beams 10g is used as one scaffold unit.

  The number of each of the scaffold units 11 to 15 installed in the second diagonal member S2 is two first scaffold units 11 at the lower part of the diagonal member 3 on the side of the tower column 1 except at the intersection of the diagonal member 3. Two second scaffold units 12 are installed, and two first scaffold units 11 and two second scaffold units 12 are installed in the upper part of the diagonal 3 on the column 1 side. Is done. At this time, the respective first scaffold units 11 are arranged side by side on the tower column 1 side of the diagonal member 3, and the respective second scaffold units 11 are arranged side by side on the main tower center side of the diagonal member 3. In addition, at the intersection of the diagonal members 3, one each of the third, fourth and fifth scaffold units 13, 14, and 15 are installed symmetrically with respect to the center of the main tower. At that time, the fifth scaffold unit 15 is arranged closest to the center of the main tower, the fourth scaffold unit 14 is disposed next to the fifth scaffold unit 15, and the third scaffold unit 15 is disposed next to the fourth scaffold unit 15. A scaffold unit 13 is arranged.

  Next, after the work in the second diagonal member S2 is completed, the scaffold unit of the second diagonal member S2 is moved to the third diagonal member S3, and a new scaffold 10 is installed in the third diagonal member S3. To do. At that time, the scaffold units 11 to 15 are individually lifted vertically upward by the crane 6 as shown in FIG. 10, and are installed at the corresponding positions of the diagonal member 3 of the third diagonal member S3 as shown in FIG. Here, the upper width WU3 of the third diagonal member S3 is narrower than the upper width WU2 of the second diagonal member S2, and a scaffold unit having the same width as the second diagonal member S2 cannot be disposed. In the upper diagonal member 3 other than the intersection, the first scaffold unit 11 on the tower column 1 side is reduced one by one on the left and right, and only the other first and second scaffold units 11 and 12 are replaced with the third diagonal member. Move to the upper side of the part S3. The lower width WL3 of the third diagonal member S3 is also narrower than the lower width WL2 of the second diagonal member S2, but the lower diagonal member 3 other than the intersecting portion has a second diagonal member. Since a scaffold unit having the same width as S2 can be installed, the lower first and second scaffold units 11 and 12 are all moved to the lower side of the third diagonal member S3. The third, fourth and fifth scaffold units 13, 14, and 15 installed at the intersection are common to the second to fifth diagonal members S2 to S5. There is no change in the number of scaffolds installed in any of the parts S2 to S5.

  Subsequently, after the work in the third diagonal member S3 is completed, the scaffold unit of the third diagonal member S3 is moved to the fourth diagonal member S4, and the fourth diagonal member S4 is moved to the fourth diagonal member S4 as shown in FIG. A new scaffold 10 is installed. At that time, similarly to the above, the scaffold units 11 to 15 are individually lifted vertically upward by the crane 6 and installed at the corresponding positions of the diagonal member 3 of the fourth diagonal member S4. Here, the upper width WU4 of the fourth diagonal member S4 is narrower than the upper width WU3 of the third diagonal member S3, but the upper diagonal member 3 other than the intersecting portion has the third diagonal member S3 and Since it is possible to install a scaffold unit having the same width, the first and second scaffold units 11 and 12 on the upper side all move to the upper side of the fourth diagonal member S4. The lower width WL4 of the fourth diagonal member S4 is narrower than the lower width WL3 of the third diagonal member S3, and a scaffold unit having the same width as the lower side of the third diagonal member S3 is disposed. Therefore, the first scaffold unit 11 on the lower tower column 1 side is reduced one by one on the lower diagonal 3 other than the intersection, and the other first and second scaffold units 11 are removed. , 12 are moved below the fourth diagonal member S4.

  Next, after the work in the fourth diagonal member S4 is completed, the scaffold unit of the fourth diagonal member S4 is moved to the fifth diagonal member S5, and the fifth diagonal member S5 is moved to the fifth diagonal member S5 as shown in FIG. A new scaffold 10 is installed. At that time, similarly to the above, the scaffold units 11 to 15 are individually lifted vertically upward by the crane 6 and installed at the corresponding positions of the diagonal member 3 of the fifth diagonal member S5. Here, the upper width WU5 of the fifth diagonal member S5 is narrower than the upper width WU4 of the fourth diagonal member S4, and a scaffold unit having the same width as the lower side of the fourth diagonal member S4 is disposed. Therefore, in the upper diagonal member 3 other than the intersection, the first scaffold unit 11 on the upper column 1 side is reduced one by one, and only the other second scaffold unit 12 is the fifth diagonal member. Move to part S5. Further, the lower width WL5 of the fifth diagonal portion S5 is also smaller than the lower width WL4 of the fourth diagonal portion S4, but the lower diagonal member 3 other than the intersecting portion has a fourth diagonal portion. Since a scaffold unit having the same width as S4 can be installed, the first and second scaffold units 11 and 12 on the lower side all move to the lower side of the fifth diagonal member S5.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, a plurality of types of scaffold units 11 to 15 having a predetermined size are suspended to each of some of the scaffold installation locations (second to fifth diagonal members S2 to S5). The scaffold 10 is installed by arranging in the width direction, and after the work at the scaffold installation location where the scaffold 10 is installed is finished, the scaffold units 11 to 15 are suspended one by one and moved to other scaffold installation locations in the vertical direction. Since the scaffold 10 is newly installed at other scaffold installation locations in the vertical direction by arranging in the width direction, heavy machinery necessary for the installation of the scaffold 10 moves by suspending each scaffold unit 11-15 The scaffold 10 can be installed even at a site where only a small crane 6 is used and it is difficult to use a large heavy machine. In this case, by using the scaffold units 11 to 15 assembled in advance in a factory, a work yard, etc., it is possible to reduce the man-hours required for assembly and disassembly of the scaffolds at the site, and shorten the work period of the scaffold installation by reducing the man-hours You can also In addition, since the scaffold units 11 to 15 assembled on the ground can be installed and moved by the crane 6, the assembly and dismantling work of the scaffold by manpower at a high place can be greatly reduced, and safety can be improved. Can be planned.

Furthermore, since a plurality of types of scaffold units 11 to 15 having different sizes are combined to form the scaffold 10 for each scaffold installation location, the scaffold 10 corresponding to the width of each scaffold installation location can be easily installed. can do.
In addition, by reducing the number of first scaffold units 11 among the scaffold units 11 to 15 of the scaffold 10 and moving upward, the scaffold 10 is installed at other scaffold installation locations with different widths. Since each tower column 1 is inclined toward the center side of the main tower, it is possible to cope with a scaffold installation place where the width changes depending on the position in the vertical direction. In this case, the first scaffold unit 11 having a small width is installed as a scaffold unit for adjusting the width of the scaffold installation location, and the second scaffold unit 12 having a large width is installed as a scaffold unit used at each scaffold installation location. Since it did in this way, while the width | variety of the scaffold 10 can be adjusted with the number of the 1st scaffold units 11, the scaffold can be efficiently moved using the second scaffold unit 12 outside the width adjustment range. it can.

  Further, since the scaffolds are installed along the inclined scaffold installation locations by shifting the positions of the respective scaffold units 11 to 15 in the vertical direction, the diagonal members 3 provided between the tower pillars 1 Even if it exists, the scaffold 10 according to the shape of the diagonal 3 can be formed easily.

  In the above embodiment, the scaffold units 11 to 15 are moved from the lower side to the upper side while reducing the number of scaffold units. However, the scaffold units 11 to 15 are moved from the upper side to the lower side while increasing the number of scaffold units. It may be.

  In the above embodiment, the scaffold units 11 to 15 are suspended one by one with the crane 6 and moved upward. However, depending on the weight of the scaffold unit and the capacity of the crane, a plurality of scaffold units may be provided. It is also possible to move it by hanging it.

  Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although each tower column 1 showed what inclined toward the main tower center side, the thing which the tower pillar does not incline, or a suspension bridge using a horizontal material between tower columns, or cable-stayed. The present invention can be applied to a main tower of a bridge, and also to a structure other than the bridge.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Tower pillar, 2 ... Suspension structure part, 3 ... Diagonal material, 10 ... Scaffold, 10a ... Work floor, 11 ... 1st scaffold unit, 12 ... 2nd scaffold unit, 13 ... 3rd scaffold unit, 14 ... 4th scaffold unit, 15 ... 5th scaffold unit.

Claims (12)

In the scaffold installation method of installing a scaffold for each of multiple scaffold installation locations in the vertical direction in the structure,
A scaffold is installed by suspending a plurality of scaffold units having a predetermined size and arranging them in the width direction at some scaffold installation locations,
After the work at the scaffold installation place is finished, each scaffold unit is suspended one or more at a time, moved upward or downward, and arranged in the width direction at other scaffold installation places in the vertical direction. A scaffold installation method characterized by installing a scaffold at another scaffold installation location. The scaffold installation method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of types of scaffold units having different sizes are combined to form a scaffold for each scaffold installation location. The scaffold installation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of scaffold units is increased or decreased according to the width of the scaffold installation place when moving the scaffold to another scaffold installation place having a different width. The scaffold installation method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the scaffold is installed so as to follow an inclined scaffold installation location by shifting the position of the scaffold unit in the vertical direction. The structure is a main bridge having a pair of tower columns arranged at intervals in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis and a plurality of diagonal members arranged at intervals in the vertical direction between the tower columns. A tower,
The scaffold installation method according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein a scaffold is installed for each diagonal member at each position in the vertical direction. The scaffold installation method according to claim 5, wherein the tower columns of the structure are inclined so that the interval between the tower columns becomes narrower from the bottom to the top, whereby the widths of the scaffold installation locations in the diagonal members are different from each other. . In the scaffold installation structure where a scaffold is installed for each of multiple scaffold installation locations in the vertical direction in the structure,
The scaffold is installed by suspending a plurality of scaffold units having a predetermined size and arranging in a width direction in some scaffold installation locations,
Each scaffold unit can be installed at other scaffold installation locations in the vertical direction by suspending one or more, moving up or down, and arranging in the width direction at other scaffold installation locations in the vertical direction Scaffolding installation structure characterized by that. 8. The scaffold installation structure according to claim 7, wherein the scaffold is formed for each scaffold installation location by combining a plurality of types of scaffold units having different sizes. The said scaffold is comprised so that the number of scaffold units can be increased / decreased according to the width | variety of a scaffold installation location, when moving to the other scaffold installation location from which width differs. Scaffolding structure. The scaffold installation structure according to claim 7, 8 or 9, wherein the scaffold is formed along an inclined scaffold installation location by shifting the position of the scaffold unit in the vertical direction. The structure is a main bridge having a pair of tower columns arranged at intervals in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis and a plurality of diagonal members arranged at intervals in the vertical direction between the tower columns. A tower,
The scaffold installation structure according to claim 7, 8, 9, or 10, wherein the scaffold is installed for each diagonal member at each position in the vertical direction. The scaffold installation structure according to claim 11, wherein the tower columns of the structure are inclined so that the distance from each other becomes narrower from the bottom to the top, whereby the widths of the scaffold installation places in the diagonal members are different from each other. .

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