JP2019139902A - Planar heating element and solar light module - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a planar heating element which is light, easy to be flexible and facilitated in setting by varying a resistance value for heat generation.SOLUTION: A planar heating element 1 includes: cloth 2 made of insulating yarn; and a plurality of conductive yarns L2 woven in a rectangular pattern MP, which is a meandering pattern, in the plane of cloth 2. Moreover, the conductive yarn L2 in the rectangular pattern MP extends meandering from one end 2e of the cloth 2 toward the other end 2f. The planar heating element 1 is formed by weaving a plurality of conductive yarns L2 into cloth 2. The plurality of conductive yarns L2 are separated and arranged so as not to overlap each other in the direction (this is a horizontal direction Y) perpendicular to one direction (this is a vertical direction) from one end 2e toward the other end 2f of the cloth 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a planar heating element, and more particularly to a planar heating element having a planar outer shape and generating heat substantially as a surface. Moreover, this invention relates to the solar module provided with such a planar heating element.

  Conventionally, as this type of planar heating element, for example, a heating sheet disclosed in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-161456), a heating wire (a metal wire or foil-like insulation wire) is used. What is formed by interweaving a spirally wound belt) and an insulated wire is known. Specifically, in this document, a plurality of heating lines extending linearly in one direction are arranged side by side at a constant pitch in a direction perpendicular to the one direction.

JP 7-161456 A

  However, in the device described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-161456), the heating lines extending linearly in one direction are arranged side by side at a dense pitch in a direction perpendicular to the one direction. Therefore, there is a problem that the heat generating sheet as a whole is heavy and difficult to bend, and it is difficult to set a variable resistance value for heat generation.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a planar heating element that is light and easy to bend and that can easily set a resistance value for heat generation in a variable manner. Moreover, the subject of this invention is providing the solar module provided with such a planar heating element.

In order to solve the above problems, the planar heating element of the present invention is
A cloth made of insulating yarn;
And a conductive thread woven in a specific two-dimensional pattern in the surface of the cloth.

  In this specification, “conductive thread” refers to a thread formed by providing a conductive coating on an insulating fiber, for example. A plurality of such conductive yarns may be twisted to form a single yarn. The “conductive thread” woven into the cloth is not limited to one, but may be a plurality.

  The planar heating element of the present invention is constructed by weaving one conductive thread into a cloth made of insulating thread in a two-dimensional specific pattern within the surface of the cloth. Usually, the insulating yarn is lighter and more flexible than the conductive yarn. Therefore, as compared with the conventional example (a configuration in which heating wires extending linearly in one direction are arranged at a dense pitch in a direction perpendicular to the one direction), the planar heating element is lighter as a whole. It becomes easy to bend. Further, the sheet heating element generates heat by energizing through the specific two-dimensional pattern of the conductive yarn. Here, in this planar heating element, for example, the resistance value for heat generation can be easily varied and set by changing the two-dimensional specific pattern.

  In the planar heating element of one embodiment, the two-dimensional specific pattern of the conductive yarn is a meandering pattern extending meandering from one end to the other end of the cloth. .

  In the planar heating element of this embodiment, the two-dimensional specific pattern of the conductive yarn is a meandering pattern extending meandering from one end to the other end of the fabric. It is easy to weave and produce the conductive thread. Further, the heat generation of the planar heating element is performed, for example, by energizing both ends of the conductive thread meander pattern. Here, in this planar heating element, the resistance value for heat generation can be easily varied by setting the amplitude and the spatial period of the meander pattern within the surface of the cloth. .

  The “amplitude” of the meander pattern refers to a direction (this is referred to as “lateral direction”) perpendicular to one direction from the one end to the other end of the fabric (this is referred to as “longitudinal direction”). ). The “spatial period” of the meandering pattern means a distance occupied by one cycle of meandering in the vertical direction.

  In the planar heating element of one embodiment, the spatial waveform of the meander pattern is a rectangle.

  In the planar heating element of this embodiment, since the spatial waveform of the meandering pattern is rectangular, the conductive yarn is easily woven into the cloth. That is, for the side parallel to the vertical direction (referred to as “longitudinal side”) of the meandering pattern, a corresponding portion of the conductive yarn is disposed along the warp of the fabric, and the horizontal For a side parallel to the direction (this is referred to as a “lateral side”), a corresponding portion of the conductive yarn may be disposed along the weft of the fabric.

In the planar heating element of one embodiment,
A plurality of the conductive threads are woven into the cloth,
The plurality of conductive yarns are arranged so as not to overlap each other in a direction perpendicular to one direction from one end to the other end of the cloth.

  In the planar heating element of this embodiment, it becomes easy to enlarge the size in the direction (lateral direction) perpendicular to one direction from one end of the cloth to the other end. Here, since the plurality of conductive yarns are spaced apart from each other so as not to overlap each other in the lateral direction, the lightness and the ease of bending of the planar heating element are not impaired. . Further, for example, by energizing the plurality of conductive yarns in parallel, it becomes easy to increase the amount of heat generated by the planar heating element.

  The planar heating element of one embodiment is characterized in that a heat insulating layer that blocks heat is provided on one side of the cloth.

  In the sheet heating element of this embodiment, since the heat insulating layer is provided on one side of the cloth, heat radiation in the direction from one side of the cloth to the outside is limited, and the other side opposite to the one side is provided. Can only dissipate heat. Therefore, it is suitable for heating an object by heat radiation from the other surface.

  In the planar heating element of one embodiment, a protective layer for protecting the other surface is provided on the other surface opposite to the one surface of the cloth.

  In the planar heating element of one embodiment, it is possible to prevent a substance (such as a water droplet) that causes a failure from entering from the surface (the other surface) provided with the protective layer.

  In the planar heating element of one embodiment, the linear resistance value of the conductive yarn is less than 20 Ω / cm.

In the planar heating element of this one embodiment,
The conductive yarn has a very low line resistance of less than 20 Ω / cm. Therefore, it is easy to variably set the resistance value for heat generation.

In another aspect, the solar module of the present invention is:
A photoelectric conversion panel that converts sunlight into electric power;
The sheet heating element is provided on the back surface of the photoelectric conversion panel.

In the solar module of this one embodiment,
Heat can be efficiently transferred from the planar heating element to the photoelectric conversion panel. Therefore, when snow, ice or the like adheres to the surface of the solar module, the snow, ice or the like can be removed with low power consumption.

  As is clear from the above, according to the planar heating element of the present invention, it is light and easy to bend, and it is easy to set a variable resistance value for heat generation. The solar module of the present invention can efficiently transfer heat from the planar heating element to the photoelectric conversion panel.

It is a top view which shows the place which looked at the planar heating element of one Embodiment which concerns on this invention from the perpendicular | vertical direction with respect to cloth. It is a figure which shows the part which the substantially half cycle of the rectangular pattern of a conductive thread occupies among the said planar heating elements. It is a figure which shows the cross section (equivalent to the AA arrow cross section in FIG. 6) perpendicular | vertical with respect to the said cloth of the said planar heating element. FIG. 4A is a side view of the warp of the planar heating element as seen from the lateral direction. FIG. 4B is a diagram showing another cross section (corresponding to a cross section taken along line B-B in FIG. 6) perpendicular to the cloth of the planar heating element. FIG. 5A is a diagram for explaining a knitting method for knitting warps in the course direction. FIG. 5B is a diagram for explaining a knitting method in which wefts are knitted into three knitted warps. It is a figure which expands and shows the part which the rectangular pattern of the said electrically conductive thread | corner makes the corner among the said planar heating elements. It is process drawing which shows how to produce the said planar heating element. It is process drawing which shows how to produce the said planar heating element. It is process drawing which shows how to produce the said planar heating element. It is process drawing which shows how to produce the said planar heating element. It is process drawing which shows how to produce the said planar heating element. It is a figure which shows the place which looked at the solar module of one Embodiment which concerns on this invention from diagonally upward. It is a figure which shows the aspect by which the planar heating element is attached to the back surface of the photoelectric conversion panel of the said solar cell module. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the system which supplies an electric current to the planar heating element of the said solar cell module. It is a figure which shows the time passage of temperature when it supplies with electricity to the said solar module. FIG. 12A is a diagram showing an aspect in which a heat insulating layer is provided on the back surface of the planar heating element. FIG. 12B is a diagram showing a mode in which a protective layer is further provided on the surface of the planar heating element. It is a top view which shows the place which looked at the modification of the planar heating element shown in FIG. 1 from the direction perpendicular | vertical with respect to cloth.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(Structure of sheet heating element)
FIG. 1 shows a planar heating element (the whole is denoted by reference numeral 1) according to an embodiment of the present invention. In addition, since the planar heating element 1 is a long object, in FIG. 1, it is divided into two left and right portions 1A and 1B. Actually, the planar heating element 1 is continuous as indicated by an arrow J.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the planar heating element 1 includes a cloth 2 made of insulating yarn and a plurality of conductive yarns woven in a rectangular pattern MP that is a meandering pattern in the surface of the cloth 2. L2.

  The cloth 2 made of the insulating yarn is a fabric woven by warp knitting as will be described later. The insulating yarn forming the cloth 2 (indicated by reference numerals L1, L3, and L4 in FIGS. 2 to 4 described later) is made of polyester, for example. In this example, the conductive yarn L2 is made of AGposs (registered trademark) (product number FH-10093-25-4 manufactured by Mitsufuji Corporation) in which the surface of nylon (registered trademark) is coated with silver plating.

  In the planar heating element 1, the rectangular pattern MP of the conductive yarn L2 extends meandering from one end 2e of the cloth 2 toward the other end 2f. In the sheet heating element 1, a plurality of conductive yarns L2 (four in this example) are woven into the cloth 2, and the plurality of conductive threads L2 are in one direction (from one end 2e to the other end 2f of the cloth 2). With respect to a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction X (this is assumed to be the horizontal direction Y), they are arranged so as not to overlap each other.

  The insulating yarns L1, L3, L4 are lighter and more flexible than the conductive yarn L2. Therefore, in this example, compared to the conventional example (a configuration in which the heating wires extending linearly in one direction are arranged at a dense pitch in a direction perpendicular to the one direction), 1 is light as a whole and is easily bent. Moreover, in this planar heating element 1, it becomes easy to enlarge the size in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction X (lateral direction Y) from the one end 2e to the other end 2f of the cloth 2. Since the plurality of conductive yarns L2 are spaced apart from each other so as not to overlap each other in the lateral direction, the lightness and ease of bending of the planar heating element 1 are not impaired. In addition, for example, by energizing the plurality of conductive yarns L2 in parallel, it becomes easy to increase the amount of heat generated by the planar heating element 1. Since the planar heating element 1 is cloth-like and easily bent, it can be easily installed even if the installation surface is a complicated surface such as a curved surface, an acute angle surface, or an uneven surface.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the rectangular pattern MP of the conductive yarn L2 is formed by repeating a width that swings in the horizontal direction, that is, an amplitude W and a spatial cycle D of one cycle of a rectangular meandering in the vertical direction. . Heat generation of the sheet heating element 1 is performed by energizing both ends of the rectangular pattern MP of the conductive yarn L2. Therefore, the resistance value for heat generation can be easily varied and set by changing the amplitude W of the rectangular pattern MP and the spatial period D of one cycle. Since both end portions L2e and L2f of the conductive yarn L2 of the sheet heating element 1 serve as both the heat generating portion and the lead portion connected to the power source, they can be directly joined to the power source.

  The amplitude W of the rectangular pattern MP (the dimension of the side of one rectangle) is set to about 25 mm in this example. The spatial half cycle (D / 2) (size of one vertical side) is set to about 135 mm.

  FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the planar heating element 1 where the rectangular pattern MP forms a spatial half cycle (D / 2). In this planar heating element 1, since the rectangular pattern MP is rectangular, the conductive yarn L2 is easily woven into the cloth 2 and is easy to create. As shown in FIG. 2, with respect to the vertical side MPx of the rectangular pattern MP, a certain portion L2x of the conductive yarn L2 is arranged correspondingly along the warp yarn L4 of the fabric 2. Regarding the lateral side MPy of the rectangular pattern MP, a portion L2y adjacent to the portion L2x of the conductive yarn L2 is arranged correspondingly along the weft yarns L1 and L3 of the cloth 2.

  FIG. 3 shows a cross section perpendicular to the cloth 2 of the sheet heating element 1 (corresponding to the cross section taken along the line AA in FIG. 6). The conductive yarn L2 is woven between two wefts L1 and L3 sandwiched between a plurality of warp yarns L4. The warp L4 and the wefts L1 and L3 are the above-described insulating yarns. In this example, the resistance value of a single silver-plated fiber forming the conductive yarn L2 is 3.5Ω / cm. In the form of twisted yarn, it is 0.125 Ω / cm. The resistance value of the silver-plated fiber alone is preferably less than 20 Ω / cm. The conductive yarn L2 is usually used in the form of a twisted yarn. The twisted yarn is formed by forming three 9-twists of silver-plated fiber 100d / 34f, twisting the three, and twisting 27 singles in total. Since the conductive yarn L2 is formed by twisting 27 silver-plated fibers alone, disconnection of the conductive yarn L2 can be prevented and local heating of the planar heating element 1 can be avoided. The coarseness of the cloth 2 is warp 31 / inch and latitude 31 / inch.

  A basic weaving method of warp knitting constituting the fabric of the cloth 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B). First, as shown in FIG. 5A, an annular stitch continuous with the warp Lx is formed. The arrangement in which the stitches are formed is called “course direction” (corresponding to the longitudinal direction X). Warp knitting is knitted on a course basis. As shown in FIG. 5 (B), the weft Ly is inserted in a direction perpendicular to the course direction shown in FIG. 5 (A). A direction in which the weft Ly is inserted is referred to as a “wale direction” (corresponding to the lateral direction Y). In the process of forming the first course from the first course, the weft Ly moves in the wale direction and passes through the annular portion of the warp Lx. Thereby, in this example, the three warps Lx are connected by the weft Ly. In FIG. 5B, the weft Ly reciprocates left and right every time one course is formed, and repeats from the first course to the second course and the third course. Finally, the weft Ly is reciprocated in the wale direction to the left and right in a continuous stitch, so that a flat warp knitted fabric is woven.

  FIG. 6 shows an enlarged portion of the planar heating element 1 where the rectangular pattern MP of the conductive yarn L2 forms a corner. 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 6, and shows a state where the warp L4 is viewed from the side surface along the course direction in FIG. FIG. 4B shows a cross section taken along line BB in FIG. The conductive yarn L2 passes through the circular stitches of the warp yarn L4 together with the weft yarns L1 and L3 when the lateral side is knitted. On this lateral side, the conductive yarn L2 is inserted into a total of 14 warp L4 stitches in the wale direction.

  As can be seen from FIG. 6, the warp L4 forms a course in which stitches are arranged. Of the wefts L1, L2, and L3, the conductive yarn is L2. All the wefts L1, L2, L3 are knitted into the warp yarn L4 when the warp yarn L4 forms a course. When the conductive yarn L2 is knitted linearly in the course direction, the conductive yarn L2 does not move in the wale direction. As a result, it is sandwiched between the weft L1 located on the backmost side of the fabric and the weft L3 located on the front side of the fabric and is linearly inserted in the course direction. In FIG. 6, the portion L2y corresponding to the horizontal side MPy of the rectangular pattern MP in the conductive yarn L2 is not perpendicular to the portion L2x corresponding to the vertical side Mpx of the rectangular pattern MP. The portion L2y corresponding to the horizontal side MPy is actually knitted perpendicularly to the portion L2x corresponding to the vertical side Mpx, as shown in FIG.

  7A to 7E show a manufacturing process of the planar heating element 1, that is, a process in which the conductive yarn L2 is woven into the cloth 2. FIG.

  First, as shown in FIG. 7A, all the wefts L1, L2, and L3 are knitted in the course in which the warp L4 forms the stitches described with reference to FIG. The conductive yarn L2 is inserted into the stitch of the warp yarn L4. The conductive yarn L2 is inserted into the stitches of a total of 14 warp yarns L4 in the wale direction.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7B, after the conductive yarn L2 is inserted into the stitches of a total of 14 warp yarns L4 in the wale direction, the conductive yarn L2 is knitted linearly on the course. First, the conductive yarn L2 is sandwiched between the wefts L1 and L3 and proceeds in the course direction.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7C, similarly, in the next course, a process in which the conductive yarn L2 is sandwiched between the wefts L1 and L3 is shown.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7D, the conductive yarn L2 is sandwiched between the wefts L1 and L3 for a total of 23 courses including the process of FIG. 7C, and advances linearly in the course direction. In the 24th course, the conductive yarn L2 is bent at right angles to the wale direction, and all the weft yarns L1, L2, L3 are knitted into the course in which the warp L4 forms the stitches. Subsequently, the conductive yarn L2 is inserted into the stitches of a total of 14 warp yarns L4 in the wale direction. Similar to the process shown in FIG. 7A, the conductive yarn L2 is inserted into the stitches of the warp yarn L4. When inserted into 14 stitches of warp L4, a half cycle of rectangular pattern MP of conductive yarn L2 is completed.

  In this way, the conductive yarn L2 is sequentially woven into the cloth 2. In this example, during the production of the cloth 2, as shown in FIG. 7E, the conductive yarn L2 is separated from the wefts L1 and L3 and is not woven into the cloth 2. In this example, a portion L2a of the conductive yarn L2 that is no longer woven into the cloth 2 extends along the cloth 2 in the course direction.

(Configuration of solar module)
FIG. 8 shows a solar module (the whole is denoted by reference numeral 10) of one embodiment according to the present invention as viewed obliquely from above.

  The solar module 10 includes a photoelectric conversion panel 11 including 36 solar cells 12 arranged in a 9 × 4 matrix. Each solar cell 11 uses the photovoltaic effect to convert light energy into electric power. The solar modules 10 configure a solar array so that a plurality of solar modules 10 are connected in series and in parallel to obtain necessary power. In this example, the size of the panel of the photoelectric conversion panel 11 alone is 992 mm wide × 1650 mm high (± 3 mm) × 40 mm thick.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the planar heating element 1 shown in FIG. 1 is attached to the lower part of the back surface 13 of the photoelectric conversion panel 11 by bonding or the like. In this example, the dimension of the sheet heating element 1 is 200 mm in the width direction × 1000 mm (± 10 mm) in the vertical direction. The weight of the planar heating element 1 is 65 grams.

(Energization system for solar modules)
FIG. 10 shows a block configuration of the system 20 connected to the planar heating element 1 disposed in the photoelectric conversion panel 11.

  The system 20 includes a snowfall sensor, a temperature sensor, an AC power supply AC100V, a power switch 21, a temperature switch 22, time switches 23 to 26, and temperature regulators 27 to 30. One end and the other end of the four conductive yarns L2 of the sheet heating element 1 are connected to terminals (outputs 1 to 4) of the temperature controllers 27 to 30, respectively. The power source is not limited to the AC power source, and may be a DC power source.

(System operation)
When the power switch 21 is closed, the sheet heating element 1 is connected to the AC power supply AC 100V through the time switches 23 to 26 and the temperature regulators 27 to 30 so as to be energized. The time switches 23 to 26 adjust the time period of the alternating current / voltage flowing through the planar heating element 1 by turning on / off in units of minutes. The temperature adjusters 27 to 30 adjust the magnitude of the alternating current / voltage that flows through the planar heating element 1. Further, the temperature controllers 27 to 30 receive a control command from the snowfall sensor and the temperature switch 22 and apply an AC voltage to the planar heating element 1 to flow an AC current. The snowfall sensor observes the weather in the place where the solar module 10 is installed, and sends a control command to the temperature regulators 27 to 30 when detecting that it is snowing. The temperature sensor measures the temperature of the place where the solar module 10 is installed and sends the measured value to the temperature switch 22. The temperature switch 22 detects that the solar module 10 is frozen from the measured value from the temperature sensor, operates the temperature switch 22, and sends a control command to the temperature regulators 27 to 30.

(Experimental result)
FIG. 11 shows a graph of temperature over time when the experiment was performed with the planar heating element 1 attached to the back surface 13 of the photoelectric conversion panel 11 as shown in FIG.

  Ice was formed on the glass surface of the upper surface of the photoelectric conversion panel 11 and placed in a thermostat of minus 1.0 ° C., and the temperature T1 of the planar heating element 1 and the temperature T11 of the photoelectric conversion panel 11 were measured for about 60 minutes. The power source was DC 20 V, and a current of 1.41 A was passed through the sheet heating element 1 as a whole. The power was about 28W. The overall resistance value of the planar heating element 1 was about 16Ω.

  In about 5 minutes after the start of measurement, the temperature T1 of the planar heating element 1 rose rapidly to about 7.0 ° C., and reached 60 ° C. after 60 minutes. The temperature T11 of the photoelectric conversion panel 11 began to increase little by little after about 10 minutes. As indicated by a circle A in FIG. 11, ice melting started about 40 minutes after the start of measurement. The temperature T11 of the photoelectric conversion panel 11 became 0.6 ° C. after 60 minutes.

The power when the voltage and current applied to the planar heating element 1 were changed and measured was as follows.
When the voltage was 12 V and the current was 1.64 A, the power was about 20 W.
When the voltage was 15 V and the current was 2.09 A, the power was about 31 W.
When the voltage was 20 V and the current was 2.74 A, the power was about 55 W.

  As described above, in the solar module 10, heat can be efficiently transferred from the planar heating element 1 to the back surface 13 of the photoelectric conversion panel 11. Therefore, when snow, ice or the like adheres to the surface of the photoelectric conversion panel 11, the snow, ice or the like can be removed with low power consumption.

  The photoelectric conversion panel 11 is installed inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. In general, the snow that has accumulated on the photoelectric conversion panel 11 is likely to accumulate on the lower surface of the photoelectric conversion panel 11 due to gravity. Therefore, it is preferable that the planar heating element 1 is disposed below the back surface 13 of the inclined photoelectric conversion panel 11. Thereby, since the sheet heating element 1 heats the lower back portion of the photoelectric conversion panel 11, the sheet heating element 1 efficiently transfers heat from the back surface 13 of the photoelectric conversion panel 11 to the photoelectric conversion panel 11 body. be able to. Therefore, when snow, ice or the like adheres to the surface of the photoelectric conversion panel 11, the snow, ice or the like can be removed with low power consumption.

  As shown in FIG. 12A, the heat insulating layer 9 may be provided on the back surface 2b (the surface not in contact with the back surface 13 of the photoelectric conversion panel 11) as one surface of the cloth 2 of the planar heating element 1. The heat insulating layer 9 is made of polyester, for example, and Lumirror (registered trademark) (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) is used in this example. In this example, a heat insulating layer 9 is provided on the back surface 2b of the cloth 2 of the planar heating element 1, and a heat insulating layer is provided on the front surface 2a (the surface in contact with the back surface 13 of the photoelectric conversion panel 11) as the other surface. Not open and open. Therefore, heat can be radiated from only the surface 2 a of the cloth 2 to the photoelectric conversion panel 11. Therefore, the photoelectric conversion panel 11 can be efficiently heated by the heat radiation from the surface 2a.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 12B, a protective layer 8 made of, for example, a polyamide resin may be provided on the surface 2a of the cloth 2 of the planar heating element 1. For example, the thickness of the protective layer 8 is set to be thinner than the thickness of the heat insulating layer 9 so as not to hinder heat dissipation. This protective layer 8 can prevent intrusion of substances (water droplets or the like) that cause failure from the surface 2a.

  In the above example, the meandering pattern formed by the conductive yarn L2 of the planar heating element 1 is the rectangular pattern MP. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, FIG. 13 shows a modification (indicated by reference numeral 100) of the planar heating element 1 viewed from a direction perpendicular to the cloth 2. As in FIG. 1, the planar heating element 100 is divided into two left and right portions 100A and 100B. Actually, the planar heating element 100 is continuous as indicated by an arrow J.

  In the planar heating element 100, a portion L2x corresponding to the vertical side MP1x of the meandering pattern MP1 of the conductive yarn L2 is curved in an arc shape. A portion L2y corresponding to the lateral side MP1y of the meander pattern MP1 in the conductive yarn L2 is linear as in the planar heating element 1. Note that a meandering pattern MP2 formed by a conductive thread L2 ′ adjacent to a certain conductive thread L2 is symmetric (in FIG. 13) with respect to a meandering pattern MP1 formed by the conductive thread L2. Other points of the sheet heating element 100 are configured in the same manner as in the sheet heating element 1.

  This planar heating element 100 is light and easy to bend like the planar heating element 1 described above, and it is easy to variably set a resistance value for heat generation.

  In the present invention, the two-dimensional pattern formed by the conductive yarn L2 within the surface of the cloth 2 is not limited to the meander pattern, and may take other various patterns. However, from the viewpoint of energization, the two-dimensional pattern is preferably a pattern that does not intersect from the one end 2e to the other end 2f of the cloth 2 and can be written with one stroke.

  Further, in each of the above examples, an example in which a plurality of conductive yarns L2 are woven into the cloth 2 is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. Only one conductive yarn L2 may be woven into the cloth 2.

  In the above example, the fabric 2 is woven by warp knitting, but other knitting methods such as plain weaving may be used.

  The above embodiments are merely examples, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. The plurality of embodiments described above can be established independently, but combinations of the embodiments are also possible. In addition, various features in different embodiments can be established independently, but the features in different embodiments can be combined.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sheet heating element 2 Cloth L1 Weft L2 Conductive thread L3 Weft L4 Warp 10 Solar module 11 Photoelectric conversion panel

Claims (8)

A cloth made of insulating yarn;
A planar heating element comprising: at least one conductive thread woven in a two-dimensional specific pattern in the surface of the cloth. The planar heating element according to claim 1,
The planar heating element, wherein the two-dimensional specific pattern of the conductive yarn is a meandering pattern extending meandering from one end to the other end of the cloth. The planar heating element according to claim 2,
A planar heating element characterized in that a spatial waveform of the meandering pattern is rectangular. In the planar heating element according to claim 2 or 3,
A plurality of the conductive threads are woven into the cloth,
The plurality of conductive yarns are spaced apart from each other so as not to overlap each other in a direction perpendicular to one direction from one end to the other end of the cloth. body. In the planar heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A sheet heating element, wherein a heat insulating layer for blocking heat is provided on one side of the cloth. In the planar heating element according to claim 5,
A planar heating element characterized in that a protective layer for protecting the other surface is provided on the other surface opposite to the one surface of the cloth. In the planar heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A sheet heating element, wherein the conductive yarn has a line resistance value of less than 20 Ω / cm. A photoelectric conversion panel that converts sunlight into electric power;
A solar module comprising the planar heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 7 provided on a back surface of the photoelectric conversion panel.

Images