JP2019132480A - Waste treatment facility - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a waste treatment facility capable of reducing a time until a supercharger becomes self-supported.SOLUTION: A waste treatment facility comprises a combustion furnace(10), a supercharger (20), a preheater (30), an oxygen containing gas supply flow passage (L1), a gas supply part (40) capable of supplying oxygen containing gas to an intermediate part (L1C) of the oxygen containing gas supply flow passage (L1), a heating part (50) heating the oxygen containing gas, and an adjustment part (60) capable of adjusting a flow rate of the oxygen containing gas discharged from the preheater (30) to a turbine (22) between a discharge mode in which an entire amount of the oxygen containing gas emitted from a compressor (21) is discharged to outside of the oxygen containing gas supply flow passage (L1) from a portion of the oxygen containing gas supply flow passage (L1) on upper stream side than the intermediate part (L1C), and a steady-state mode in which the entire amount of the oxygen containing gas discharged from the preheater (30) flows into the intermediate part (L1C).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste treatment facility for treating waste.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, waste treatment facilities for treating waste such as sewage sludge are known. For example, Patent Document 1 includes an incinerator for burning waste, a supercharger including a compressor and a turbine, an air preheater, a combustion air supply channel, a bypass channel, and an auxiliary blower. A waste treatment facility is disclosed.

  The compressor compresses air sucked from the outside. The turbine is connected to the compressor and drives the compressor. The air preheater heats the air by exchanging heat between the air discharged from the compressor and the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator. The combustion air supply flow path connects a compressor, an air preheater, a turbine, and an incinerator in this order. That is, the combustion air supply channel is a channel that guides air discharged from the compressor to the incinerator as combustion air necessary for incineration of waste in the incinerator. The bypass flow path is connected to the combustion air supply flow path so as to bypass the turbine. The auxiliary blower supplies air to a portion of the combustion air supply passage between the compressor and the air preheater.

  In the waste treatment facility described in Patent Document 1, when the facility is started up (started), air is supplied to the air preheater by the auxiliary blower, and the air discharged from the air preheater passes through the bypass channel. Supplied to the incinerator (bypassing the turbine). This is because when the waste treatment facility is started up, the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the air preheater is not so high, so it is difficult to drive the turbine stably with the air discharged from the air preheater. Because. When the temperature of the air discharged from the air preheater rises to some extent, the turbine can be driven by the air, so that the bypass flow path is blocked and the air discharged from the air preheater is supplied to the turbine. Is done. As a result, the compressor is driven. Thereafter, when the temperature of the air discharged from the air preheater further rises and the supercharger can stand by itself, the auxiliary blower is stopped.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-227748

  In the waste treatment facility described in Patent Document 1, it takes a long time from the start-up of the facility until the turbocharger becomes self-supporting (until the turbine can be driven by the air discharged from the compressor). Cost. For this reason, the power consumption of the auxiliary blower that is driven from the start-up of the equipment until the supercharger becomes self-supporting increases.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a waste treatment facility capable of shortening the time until a supercharger is self-supporting and a method for starting up the waste treatment facility.

  As means for solving the problems, the present invention is a waste treatment facility for treating waste, an incinerator for burning the waste, a compressor for compressing an oxygen-containing gas which is a gas containing oxygen, and The oxygen-containing gas by exchanging heat between the turbocharger connected to the compressor and including a turbine capable of driving the compressor, and the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor and the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator. A preheater for heating gas, the compressor, the preheater, the turbine, and the incinerator are connected in this order, and an oxygen-containing gas for supplying oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor to the incinerator Supplying the oxygen-containing gas to an intermediate portion that is a portion between the preheater and the turbine in the supply channel and the oxygen-containing gas supply channel A gas supply unit capable of supplying, a heating unit for heating the oxygen-containing gas before the oxygen-containing gas supplied from the gas supply unit flows into the turbine, and a total amount of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor A discharge mode in which the oxygen-containing gas supply channel is discharged from a portion upstream of the intermediate portion to the outside of the oxygen-containing gas supply channel; and an oxygen-containing gas discharged from the preheater. A waste treatment facility comprising: a steady mode in which the entire amount flows into the intermediate portion; and an adjustment portion capable of adjusting an inflow amount of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the preheater to the turbine between I will provide a.

  In this waste treatment facility, the oxygen-containing gas supplied from the gas supply unit by driving the gas supply unit and the heating unit while the adjustment unit is in the discharge mode when the facility is started up. Since the thing heated by the heating part is supplied to a turbine, it becomes possible to drive a turbine from the time of starting of the said installation. And, for example, when the temperature of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the preheater rises to some extent, the turbine can be driven by the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor by switching the adjustment unit to the steady mode. The time until the turbocharger becomes independent is shortened. Moreover, since the oxygen-containing gas supplied from the gas supply unit does not pass through the preheater, generation of pressure loss when passing through the preheater is avoided.

  The waste treatment facility may further include a gas supply unit control unit that controls the gas supply unit, a heating unit control unit that controls the heating unit, and an adjustment unit control unit that controls the adjustment unit. The gas supply unit control unit drives the gas supply unit in a state where the adjustment unit is in the discharge mode, and the heating unit control unit controls the heating unit in a state where the adjustment unit is in the discharge mode. The adjustment unit control unit is configured to drive the gas supply unit by the gas supply unit control unit and drive the heating unit by the heating unit control unit. It is preferable that the adjustment unit is switched from the discharge mode to the steady mode so that the pressure at the portion between the compressor and the compressor is maintained higher than the pressure at the intermediate portion.

  In this way, when the waste treatment facility is started up, the turbine is effectively driven by the oxygen-containing gas supplied from the gas supply unit and heated by the heating unit, and the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path is adjusted. Since the adjustment unit is switched from the discharge mode to the steady mode so that the pressure at the portion between the compressor and the compressor is maintained higher than the pressure at the intermediate portion, the adjustment unit is switched from the discharge mode to the steady mode. The backflow of the oxygen-containing gas from the intermediate part to the compressor at the time of switching is suppressed.

  Specifically, the adjustment unit control unit is configured to allow the supercharger to be independent after the gas supply unit control unit drives the gas supply unit and the heating unit control unit drives the heating unit. When a certain self-sustained condition is satisfied, a state is maintained in which the pressure in the portion between the adjustment unit and the compressor in the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path is greater than the pressure in the intermediate portion. It is preferable to switch the adjustment unit from the discharge mode to the steady mode.

  In this way, the driving state of the turbine when the adjustment unit is switched from the discharge mode to the steady mode is stabilized.

  Further, in the waste treatment facility, the ratio of the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas passing through the compressor and the pressure of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor to the pressure of the oxygen-containing gas sucked into the compressor A map showing a relationship with a certain compression ratio, a boundary line indicating a boundary between an unstable region where the operation of the compressor is unstable and a stable region where the operation of the compressor is stable; And a preventive line in which the compression ratio is set to a value lower than the value of the boundary line, and a storage unit that stores the stored one, the heating unit control unit, after driving the heating unit, A value calculated based on the passing flow rate and the compression ratio at least until the self-supporting condition is satisfied, and the current operation of the compressor. When the current value indicating the state exceeds the prevention lines of the map, it is preferable to increase the heating amount of said oxygen-containing gas by the heating unit.

  In this way, at least the vibration or noise of the compressor until the self-supporting condition is satisfied is suppressed. Specifically, when the adjustment unit switches from the discharge mode to the steady mode, the passing flow rate decreases due to an increase in pressure in a portion of the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path between the adjustment unit and the compressor. Although it shifts in the direction from the stable region toward the unstable region, the temperature of the oxygen-containing gas supplied to the turbine rises by driving the heating unit, so that the rotational speed of the turbine increases. Then, since the rotation speed of the compressor increases, the passing flow rate increases, and thereby the current value shifts toward a stable region in the map. Therefore, the current value is prevented from entering the unstable region.

  In this case, it is preferable that the heating unit control unit adjusts the heating amount of the oxygen-containing gas by the heating unit so that the current value is maintained in the prevention line.

  In this way, both suppression of the current value entering the unstable region and suppression of fuel consumption in the heating unit are achieved.

  Further, in the waste treatment facility, an extraction passage for taking out a part of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor from a portion between the compressor and the preheater in the oxygen-containing gas supply passage; And an opening / closing valve that is provided in the take-out flow path and can be adjusted in opening degree, and an opening degree control unit that controls the opening degree of the opening / closing valve, and the heating unit includes a burner and the burner A fuel supply channel for supplying fuel, and the opening degree control unit is configured to stably drive the burner when the adjustment unit is in the steady mode. It is preferable that the opening degree of the on-off valve is increased when the supply amount of the fuel necessary for the operation is lower limit and the supply amount of the oxygen-containing gas to the incinerator is larger than a target value.

  If it does in this way, the fall of the temperature in an incinerator resulting from the excessive supply of the oxygen-containing gas to an incinerator will be suppressed, a burner being driven stably. Specifically, since the amount of oxygen-containing gas flowing into the turbine decreases as the opening of the on-off valve increases, the rotational speed of the turbine decreases. Thereby, since the discharge amount of the oxygen-containing gas from the compressor, that is, the supply amount of the oxygen-containing gas to the incinerator is reduced, the excessive supply of the oxygen-containing gas to the incinerator is suppressed.

  In this case, the heating unit control unit has an extraction rate that is a ratio of a flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas flowing through the extraction flow path to a passing flow rate that is a flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas that passes through the compressor is larger than a set value. Sometimes it is preferable to extinguish the burner.

  In this way, the burner is extinguished (stopped) in a state where the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas required for the stable driving of the turbine is secured, so that the stable driving of the turbine and the fuel consumed by the burner are achieved. Both reductions are achieved.

Furthermore, in this case, the gas supply unit control unit stops the gas supply unit when the amount of combustion gas supplied to the burner is 0 Nm ³ / h after the heating unit control unit extinguishes the burner. It is preferable to do.

  If it does in this way, since a gas supply part will be stopped in the state where stable driving of a turbine was secured, it will shift to steady operation stably.

  The present invention also relates to an incinerator for burning waste, a compressor for compressing an oxygen-containing gas that is a gas containing oxygen, and a turbocharger including a turbine connected to the compressor and capable of driving the compressor. A preheater that heats the oxygen-containing gas by exchanging heat between the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor and the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator, the compressor, the preheater, the turbine, and the incineration Furnaces connected in this order, and an oxygen-containing gas supply flow path for supplying oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor to the incinerator, An intermediate portion which is a portion between the preheater and the turbine in the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path and the preheater in the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path Driving the turbine by supplying the oxygen-containing gas having a temperature capable of driving the turbine to the intermediate portion in a state where communication with the upstream portion, which is a portion between the intermediate portion, is interrupted; A first step of discharging the total amount of oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor from the upstream portion to the outside of the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path; and the preheater and the upstream portion of the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path And a second step of communicating the intermediate part and the upstream part when the temperature of the part between them reaches a temperature at which the supercharger can stand on its own. I will provide a.

  Specifically, in the second step, the intermediate portion and the upstream portion are communicated so that the state in which the pressure of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor is larger than the pressure in the intermediate portion is maintained. It is preferable to make it.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a waste treatment facility capable of shortening the time until the supercharger is self-supporting and a method for starting up the waste treatment facility.

It is a figure which shows the outline of the waste treatment facility of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the control content of the controller of the waste disposal facility shown by FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the control content of the controller of the waste disposal facility shown by FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the control content of flow volume adjustment control. It is a flowchart which shows the control content of compressor map control. It is a figure which shows the map memorize | stored in the storage part.

  A waste treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the waste treatment facility of the present embodiment includes an incinerator 10, a supercharger 20, a preheater 30, an oxygen-containing gas supply flow path L1, a gas supply unit 40, and a heating. Part 50, adjusting part 60, take-out flow path L 6, on-off valve V 6, and controller 70.

  The incinerator 10 is an incinerator for incinerating wastes such as sewage sludge.

  The supercharger 20 includes a compressor 21 and a turbine 22. The compressor 21 compresses an oxygen-containing gas (air or the like) containing oxygen. The turbine 22 is connected to the compressor 21. For this reason, the compressor 21 is driven by the rotation of the turbine 22.

  The preheater 30 heats the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor 21 with the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 10. In the present embodiment, the temperature of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the preheater 30 is, for example, 700 ° C. or less. Note that the exhaust gas discharged from the preheater 30 after heating the oxygen-containing gas in the preheater 30 is appropriately processed by a processing facility arranged on the downstream side of the preheater 30.

  The oxygen-containing gas supply flow path L1 connects the compressor 21, the preheater 30, the turbine 22, and the incinerator 10 in this order. For this reason, the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor 21 is supplied to the incinerator 10 as a combustion gas via the preheater 30 and the turbine 22.

  The gas supply unit 40 supplies the oxygen-containing gas to the intermediate portion L1C that is a portion between the preheater 30 and the turbine 22 in the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path L1. In this embodiment, the gas supply part 40 has the blower 41, the ventilation flow path L3, and the 3rd flow volume adjustment valve V3 which can adjust an opening degree. The air flow path L3 is a flow path for supplying the air flow of the oxygen-containing gas (air in the present embodiment) generated by the blower 41 to the intermediate portion L1C of the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path L1. The upstream end of the air flow path L3 is connected to the blower 41, and the downstream end of the air flow path L3 is connected to the intermediate portion L1C. The third flow rate adjusting valve V3 is provided in the air flow path L3. For this reason, the supply amount of the oxygen-containing gas from the blower 41 to the turbine 22 is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the third flow rate adjustment valve V3.

  The heating unit 50 heats the oxygen-containing gas before the oxygen-containing gas supplied from the gas supply unit 40 flows into the turbine 22. In the present embodiment, the heating unit 50 includes a burner 51, a fuel pump 52, a fuel supply flow path L4, a fourth flow rate adjustment valve V4 capable of adjusting the opening degree, a combustion gas supply flow path L5, and an opening. And a fifth flow rate adjustment valve V5 capable of adjusting the degree.

  The fuel supply channel L4 is a channel for supplying fuel to the burner 51. The upstream end of the fuel supply flow path L4 is connected to the fuel pump 52, and the downstream end of the fuel supply flow path L4 is connected to the burner 51. The fourth flow rate adjustment valve V4 is provided in the fuel supply flow path L4. For this reason, the amount of fuel supplied from the fuel pump 52 to the burner 51 is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the fourth flow rate adjustment valve V4.

  The combustion gas supply flow path L5 is a flow path for supplying combustion gas (air in the present embodiment) to the burner 51. The combustion gas supply channel L5 branches from the blower channel L3. Specifically, the upstream end of the combustion gas supply flow path L5 is connected to a portion of the blower flow path L3 between the blower 41 and the third flow rate adjustment valve V3, and the combustion gas supply flow The downstream end of the path L5 is connected to the burner 51. The fifth flow rate adjustment valve V5 is provided in the combustion gas supply flow path L5. For this reason, the supply amount of the combustion gas from the blower 41 to the burner 51 is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the fifth flow rate adjustment valve V5. Note that the combustion gas supplied to the burner 51 is discharged from the burner 51 to the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path L1.

  The adjustment unit 60 discharges the entire amount of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor 21 to the outside of the oxygen-containing gas supply channel L1 from a portion upstream of the intermediate portion L1C in the oxygen-containing gas supply channel L1. Between the discharge mode, which is in a state, and the steady mode, in which the entire amount of oxygen-containing gas discharged from the preheater 30 (discharged from the compressor 21) flows into the intermediate portion L1C is discharged from the preheater 30. The amount of oxygen-containing gas flowing into the turbine 22 can be adjusted. In this embodiment, the adjustment part 60 is provided in the site | part between the intermediate part L1C and the preheater 30 among the oxygen containing gas supply flow paths L1. That is, in the present embodiment, in the discharge mode, the entire amount of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the preheater 30 is supplied from the portion between the intermediate portion L1C and the preheater 30 in the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path L1. It is discharged outside the flow path L1. Specifically, the adjustment unit 60 includes an exhaust flow path L2, a first flow rate adjustment valve V1 capable of adjusting the opening degree, and a second flow rate adjustment valve V2 capable of adjusting the opening degree.

  The exhaust flow path L2 is a flow path for discharging the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the preheater 30 to the outside of the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path L1. The upstream end of the exhaust passage L2 is connected to a portion between the preheater 30 and the intermediate portion L1C in the oxygen-containing gas supply passage L1. The first flow rate adjustment valve V1 is provided in a portion between the upstream end of the exhaust flow path L2 and the intermediate portion L1C in the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path L1. In the present embodiment, a check valve capable of adjusting the opening is used as the first flow rate adjustment valve V1. The first flow rate adjusting valve V1 allows the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the preheater 30 to go to the intermediate part L1C, while the oxygen-containing gas supplied from the gas supply unit 40 passes from the intermediate part L1C to the preheater 30. It is prohibited to go to the compressor 21 via. The second flow rate adjustment valve V2 is provided in the exhaust flow path L2. For this reason, when the first flow rate adjustment valve V1 is fully closed and the second flow rate adjustment valve V2 is not fully closed, the adjustment unit 60 enters the discharge mode. On the other hand, when the first flow rate adjustment valve V1 is fully opened and the second flow rate adjustment valve V2 is fully closed, the adjustment unit 60 enters the steady mode.

  The extraction flow path L6 is a flow path for extracting a part of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor 21 from a portion between the compressor 21 and the preheater 30 in the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path L1. . The take-out flow path L6 is provided with an on-off valve V6 whose opening degree can be adjusted. For this reason, by adjusting the opening degree of the on-off valve V6, the extraction rate r, which is the ratio of the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas flowing through the extraction flow path L6 with respect to the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas passing through the compressor 21, Adjusted. Therefore, by adjusting the extraction rate r, the ratio of the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas supplied to the turbine 22 to the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor 21 is adjusted. Note that the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor 21 is detected by a flow sensor 86 provided in a portion of the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path L1 between the compressor 21 and the extraction flow path L6. The flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas supplied to the gas is detected by a flow sensor 81 provided in the upstream portion of the incinerator 10 in the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path L1, and the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas flowing through the extraction flow path L6 F6 is detected by the flow sensor 82 provided in the extraction flow path L6. That is, the extraction rate r is calculated by dividing the detection value F6 of the flow sensor 82 by the detection value of the flow sensor 86 and multiplying by 100.

  The controller 70 controls the valves V1 to V6, the blower 41, the burner 51, and the like. The controller 70 performs the following control when starting up (starting up) the waste treatment facility. That is, the controller 70 is supplied from the gas supply unit 40 in a state where the adjustment unit 60 is in the discharge mode (a state where the first flow rate adjustment valve V1 is fully closed and the second flow rate adjustment valve V2 is fully opened). The gas supply unit 40 and the heating unit 50 are controlled so that the turbine 22 is driven by the oxygen-containing gas heated by the heating unit 50, and then the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 10 and flowing into the preheater 30 ( When the self-supporting condition that enables the supercharger 20 to become self-supporting is established by increasing the amount of heat received by the preheater 30 from the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor 21, the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path L1 The adjustment unit 60 is discharged so that the pressure P1 at the portion between the adjustment unit 60 and the compressor 21 is maintained higher than the pressure P2 of the intermediate portion L1C. It switched to the steady-state mode from.

  In addition, the pressure P1 of the site | part between the adjustment part 60 and the compressor 21 among the oxygen containing gas supply flow paths L1 is provided in the site | part between the compressor 21 and the preheater 30 among oxygen containing gas supply flow paths L1. The pressure P2 of the intermediate portion L1C is detected by the pressure sensor 84 provided in the intermediate portion L1C.

  As a self-supporting condition, the temperature T1 of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the preheater 30 or the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the preheater 30 becomes higher than a reference temperature Tβ (for example, 350 ° C.), or is discharged from the compressor 21. The pressure P1 of the oxygen-containing gas exceeds the set pressure of the first flow rate adjustment valve V1, the temperature in the incinerator 10 exceeds a predetermined temperature, and the controller 70 drives the gas supply unit 40 and the heating unit 50. For example, that a predetermined time elapses. In this embodiment, the temperature T1 of the oxygen-containing gas exhausted from the preheater 30 is employed as a self-sustaining condition that is higher than the reference temperature Tβ. The temperature T1 of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the preheater 30 is a temperature provided in a portion between the preheater 30 and the upstream end of the exhaust flow path L2 in the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path L1. Detected by sensor 85.

  Specifically, the controller 70 includes a gas supply unit control unit 71, a heating unit control unit 72, an adjustment unit control unit 73, an opening degree control unit 74, and a storage unit 75.

  The gas supply unit control unit 71 controls the gas supply unit 40. Specifically, the gas supply unit control unit 71 drives the blower 41 of the gas supply unit 40 in a state where the adjustment unit 60 is in the discharge mode.

  The heating unit control unit 72 controls the heating unit 50. Specifically, the heating unit control unit 72 ignites (drives) the burner 51 of the heating unit 50 in a state where the adjustment unit 60 is in the discharge mode. The heating unit control unit 72 is a value calculated based on the passing flow rate and the compression ratio and at least the current operating state of the compressor 21 until at least the self-supporting condition is satisfied after the ignition of the burner 51. When the value exceeds the prevention line B2 of the map shown in FIG. 6, the heating amount of the oxygen-containing gas by the heating unit 50 is increased (the opening degree of the fourth flow rate adjustment valve V4 and the fifth flow rate adjustment valve V5). Increase the opening). More specifically, the heating unit control unit 72 controls the heating amount of the oxygen-containing gas by the heating unit 50 (the opening degree of the fourth flow rate adjustment valve V4 and the fifth flow rate adjustment valve so that the current value is maintained in the prevention line B2. V5) is adjusted. This control corresponds to compressor map control described later.

  Here, the passage flow rate means the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas passing through the compressor 21 (the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas sucked into the compressor 21 or the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor 21), and the compression ratio is the compressor flow rate. This means the ratio of the pressure of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor 21 to the pressure of the oxygen-containing gas sucked into the gas 21. In the present embodiment, the passage flow rate is detected by the flow rate sensor 86, and the pressure of the oxygen-containing gas sucked into the compressor 21 is the pressure sensor 87 provided on the upstream side of the compressor 21 in the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path L1. The pressure of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor 21 is detected by the pressure sensor 83.

  The map is acquired in advance and stored in the storage unit 75. This map shows the relationship between the passage flow rate and the compression ratio. As shown in FIG. 6, the map includes an unstable region A1 where the operation of the compressor 21 becomes unstable (vibration, noise, etc.) and a stable region A2 where the operation of the compressor 21 is stable. And a preventive line B2 in which the compression ratio is set to a value lower than the value of the boundary line B1 by a predetermined value (for example, 0.1).

In the present embodiment, the heating unit control unit 72 has a fuel lower limit value that is a lower limit value of a fuel supply amount range required for stable driving of the burner 51, and the fuel supply amount F4 to the burner 51, and When the supply amount F3 of the combustion gas to the burner 51 is the lower limit value of the combustion gas supply amount range necessary for the stable drive of the burner 51, the detected value F6 of the flow rate sensor 82 is used. Is larger than the set amount Fα (for example, 100 Nm ³ / h), the burner 51 is extinguished. In addition, after the burner 51 is extinguished by the heating unit control unit 72, the gas supply unit control unit 71 stops the blower 41 when the supply amount F3 is 0 Nm ³ / h. The fuel supply amount F4 to the burner 51 is detected by a flow rate sensor 88 provided in the fuel supply flow path L4, and the combustion gas supply amount F3 to the burner 51 is provided in the blower flow path L3. It is detected by the flow sensor 89.

  The adjustment unit control unit 73 controls the adjustment unit 60. Specifically, the adjusting unit control unit 73 performs the pressure P1 (pressure sensor) after the blower 41 is driven by the gas supply unit control unit 71 and the burner 51 is ignited by the heating unit control unit 72, more preferably after the self-supporting condition is satisfied. 83), the adjustment unit 60 is switched from the discharge mode to the steady mode so that the state where the pressure P2 (the detection value of the pressure sensor 84) is larger than the pressure P2 (the detection value of the pressure sensor 84) is maintained. The opening degree of the second flow rate adjustment valve V2 is controlled).

  The opening degree control part 74 controls the opening degree of the on-off valve V6. Specifically, the opening degree control unit 74 is configured such that the fuel supply amount F4 to the burner 51 is the fuel lower limit value, and the combustion gas supply amount F3 to the burner 51 is the gas lower limit value. When the supply amount F1 of the oxygen-containing gas to the incinerator 10 (the detection value of the flow sensor 81) is larger than the target value F0, the opening degree of the on-off valve V6 is increased.

  The controller 70 performs flow rate adjustment control and compressor map control. The flow rate adjustment control is a control for adjusting the amount of oxygen-containing gas flowing into the turbine 22. This flow rate adjustment control is performed by the gas supply unit control unit 71 and the opening degree control unit 74. The compressor map control is a control for operating the compressor 21 stably (in a range where vibration, noise, and the like are avoided) while suppressing fuel consumption in the burner 51 as much as possible. This compressor map control is performed by the heating unit control unit 72. Hereinafter, the flow rate adjustment control will be described with reference to FIG. 4, and the compressor map control will be described with reference to FIG.

(Flow adjustment control)
As shown in FIG. 4, when the flow rate adjustment control is started, the controller 70 first determines whether or not the blower 41 is being driven (step ST100). As a result, when the blower 41 is stopped, the flow rate adjustment control is ended, and when the blower 41 is being driven, the controller 70 determines whether or not the signal indicating that the on-off valve V6 can be used is ON. Is determined (step ST101). As a result, if the signal is not ON, that is, if the amount of oxygen-containing gas flowing into the turbine 22 cannot be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the on-off valve V6, the gas supply controller 71 of the controller 70 is incinerated. It is determined whether or not the supply amount F1 of oxygen-containing gas to the furnace 10 (detected value of the flow rate sensor 81) is less than the target value F0 (step ST102). As a result, when the supply amount F1 is less than the target value F0, the gas supply unit controller 71 increases the opening of the third flow rate adjustment valve V3 (step ST103), and returns to step ST100. As a result, the amount of oxygen-containing gas flowing into the turbine 22 increases. For this reason, since the rotation speed of the turbine 22 (the rotation speed of the compressor 21) increases, the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor 21, that is, the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas supplied to the incinerator 10 increases. On the other hand, when supply amount F1 is equal to or greater than target value F0 (NO in step ST102), gas supply unit controller 71 determines whether supply amount F1 is larger than target value F0 (step ST104). . As a result, when the supply amount F1 is larger than the target value F0, the gas supply unit controller 71 decreases the opening of the third flow rate adjustment valve V3 (step ST105), and returns to step ST100. As a result, the amount of oxygen-containing gas flowing into the turbine 22 is reduced. On the other hand, when the supply amount F1 is not larger than the target value F0 (NO in step ST104), that is, when the supply amount F1 is equal to the target value F0, the gas supply unit control unit 71 returns to step ST100 as it is.

  If the signal is ON in step ST101 (YES in step ST101), that is, if the amount of oxygen-containing gas flowing into the turbine 22 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the on-off valve V6, The opening degree control unit 74 of the controller 70 determines whether or not the supply amount F1 is less than the target value F0 (step ST106). As a result, when the supply amount F1 is less than the target value F0, the opening degree control unit 74 decreases the opening degree of the on-off valve V6 (step ST107). As a result, the extraction rate r decreases (the amount of oxygen-containing gas flowing into the turbine 22 increases). For this reason, since the rotation speed of the turbine 22 (the rotation speed of the compressor 21) increases, the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas supplied to the incinerator 10 increases. On the other hand, when the supply amount F1 is equal to or larger than the target value F0 (NO in step ST106), the opening degree control unit 74 determines whether or not the supply amount F1 is larger than the target value F0 (step ST108). As a result, when the supply amount F1 is larger than the target value F0, the opening degree control unit 74 increases the opening degree of the on-off valve V6 (step ST109). As a result, the extraction rate r increases (the amount of oxygen-containing gas flowing into the turbine 22 decreases).

  If the supply amount F1 is not greater than the target value F0 (NO in step ST108), that is, if the supply amount F1 is equal to the target value F0, after step ST107 or after step ST109, the controller 70 Determines whether the burner 51 is igniting (step ST110). As a result, when the burner 51 is being ignited, the controller 70 returns to step ST100, while when the burner 51 is not being ignited, the controller 70 has the removal rate r less than a specified value r0 (for example, 1%). Is determined (step ST111). As a result, when the extraction rate r is less than the specified value r0, that is, when it is difficult to increase the amount of oxygen-containing gas flowing into the turbine 22 by reducing the opening degree of the on-off valve V6, the controller 70 The gas supply unit controller 71 increases the opening of the third flow rate adjustment valve V3 (step ST112), and returns to step ST100. As a result, the amount of oxygen-containing gas flowing into the turbine 22 increases. On the other hand, when the extraction rate r is greater than or equal to the specified value r0 (NO in step ST111), the gas supply unit controller 71 determines whether or not the extraction rate r is greater than the specified value r0 (step ST113). . As a result, when the extraction rate r is larger than the specified value r0, that is, when the supply amount of the oxygen-containing gas to the turbine 22 is sufficiently ensured, the gas supply unit control unit 71 performs the third flow rate adjustment. The opening degree of the valve V3 is decreased (step ST114), and the process returns to step ST100. As a result, the amount of oxygen-containing gas flowing into the turbine 22 is reduced. On the other hand, when the extraction rate r is not greater than the specified value r0, that is, when the extraction rate r is equal to the specified value r0, the gas supply unit control unit 71 returns to step ST100 as it is.

(Compressor map control)
As shown in FIG. 5, when the compressor map control is started, the heating unit control unit 72 of the controller 70 first determines whether or not the burner 51 is igniting, that is, the oxygen-containing gas in the burner 51. It is determined whether or not the heating amount can be adjusted (step ST201). As a result, when the burner 51 is igniting, the heating unit control unit 72 determines whether or not the current value exceeds the prevention line B2 (step ST202).

  When the current value exceeds the prevention line B2, the heating unit control unit 72, the opening degree of the fourth flow rate adjustment valve V4 and the opening degree of the fifth flow rate adjustment valve V5 are increased (step ST203), and the process returns to step ST201. . Thereby, since the heating amount of the oxygen-containing gas by the burner 51 increases, the temperature of the oxygen-containing gas supplied to the turbine 22 increases. Then, since the rotation speed of the turbine 22, that is, the rotation speed of the compressor 21, increases, the passing flow rate increases, and thereby the current value shifts toward a region below the prevention line B2. On the other hand, if the current value does not exceed prevention line B2 (NO in step ST202), heating unit control unit 72 determines whether or not the current value is below prevention line B2 (step ST204). As a result, when the current value is below the prevention line B2, that is, when there is room for reducing the fuel consumption in the burner 51, the heating unit control unit 72 determines the opening degree of the fourth flow rate adjustment valve V4 and the fifth value. The opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve V5 is lowered (step ST205), and the process returns to step ST201. As a result, the amount of oxygen-containing gas heated by the burner 51 (consumed fuel in the burner 51) decreases, so the temperature of the oxygen-containing gas supplied to the turbine 22 decreases. If it does so, since the rotation speed of the turbine 22, ie, the rotation speed of the compressor 21, will decrease, a passage flow rate will decrease and, thereby, the present value will shift toward the prevention line B2. On the other hand, if the current value is not lower than prevention line B2 (NO in step ST204), that is, if the current value is equal to prevention line B2, heating unit control unit 72 returns directly to step ST201. As described above, the heating amount of the oxygen-containing gas by the burner 51 is controlled so that the current value is maintained near the prevention line B2 with as little fuel as possible.

  In step ST201, when the burner 51 is not igniting (NO in step ST201), the heating unit control unit 72 ends the compressor map control.

  Next, specific control contents of the controller 70 at the time of starting up (starting up) the waste treatment facility will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. At the time of starting up the waste treatment facility, the adjusting unit 60 is in the discharge mode. That is, the first flow rate adjustment valve V1 is fully closed and the second flow rate adjustment valve V2 is fully open.

  In this state, the gas supply unit control unit 71 drives the blower 41, the heating unit control unit 72 drives the burner 51, and the gas supply unit control unit 71 and the opening degree control unit 74 start the flow rate adjustment control ( Step ST11). At this time, the signal indicating that the on-off valve V6 can be used is OFF (the opening degree of the on-off valve V6 is zero). By continuing the flow rate adjustment control, the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 10 gradually increases (the amount of heat that the exhaust gas gives to the oxygen-containing gas in the preheater 30 gradually increases), so that the exhaust gas is discharged from the preheater 30. The temperature T1 (detected value of the temperature sensor 85) of the oxygen-containing gas increases.

  Then, the controller 70 determines whether or not the temperature T1 is higher than a set temperature Tα (for example, 330 ° C.) (step ST12). As a result, if the temperature T1 is equal to or lower than the set temperature Tα, the controller 70 determines again whether or not the temperature T1 is higher than the set temperature Tα. If the temperature T1 is higher than the set temperature Tα, the controller 70 The compressor map control is started (step ST13).

  Thereafter, the adjustment unit control unit 73 of the controller 70 determines whether or not the temperature T1 is higher than the reference temperature Tβ (whether or not the self-supporting condition is satisfied) (step ST14). As a result, if the temperature T1 is equal to or lower than the reference temperature Tβ, the adjustment unit controller 73 determines again whether the temperature T1 is higher than the reference temperature Tβ, while if the temperature T1 is higher than the reference temperature Tβ, The adjusting unit control unit 73 is a pressure obtained by adding the predetermined value α to the pressure P2 (detected value of the pressure sensor 84) of the intermediate portion L1C, as the pressure P1 (detected value of the pressure sensor 83) of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor 21. It is determined whether it is larger than P2 + α (step ST15). At this time, since the on-off valve V6 is closed, the detection value of the pressure sensor 83 can be referred to as the pressure of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor 21.

  As a result, when the pressure P1 is equal to or lower than the pressure P2 + α, that is, when there is a concern that the oxygen-containing gas supplied from the gas supply unit 40 flows backward from the intermediate part L1C to the preheater 30 side, the controller 70 The opening degree of the regulating valve V2 is lowered (step ST16), and the process returns to step ST15. Thereby, the pressure P1 rises. On the other hand, when the pressure P1 is larger than the pressure P2 + α, the adjustment unit control unit 73 determines whether or not the opening degree of the first flow rate adjustment valve V1 is 100% (step ST17), and the first flow rate adjustment valve V1. If the opening is not 100%, the opening of the first flow rate adjustment valve V1 is increased (step ST18), and the process returns to step ST15. Thereby, the inflow amount of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor 21 into the turbine 22 increases. On the other hand, when the opening degree of the first flow rate adjustment valve V1 is 100% in step ST17 (YES in step ST17), the adjustment unit control unit 73 sets the opening degree of the second flow rate adjustment valve V2 to 0%. (Step ST19). Thereby, the adjustment part 60 switches from discharge mode to steady mode.

  Thereafter, since the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 10 gradually increases, the temperature and flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas flowing into the turbine 22 increases. For this reason, the heating amount of the oxygen-containing gas required by the burner 51 is gradually reduced. On the other hand, since the compressor map control is continued during this time, the opening degree of the fourth flow rate adjustment valve V4 and the opening degree of the fifth flow rate adjustment valve V5 are gradually reduced (the fuel supply amount F4 to the burner 51 is the fuel). The supply amount F3 of the combustion gas to the burner 51 approaches the lower limit value and approaches the lower limit value).

  Therefore, after step ST19, the controller 70 first determines whether or not the fuel supply amount F4 (detected value of the flow rate sensor 88) to the burner 51 is the fuel lower limit value (step ST20). If F4 is not the fuel lower limit value, it is determined again whether the supply amount F4 is the fuel lower limit value. If the supply amount F4 is the fuel lower limit value, the controller 70 then burns to the burner 51. It is determined whether the supply amount F3 of the working gas is a gas lower limit value (step ST21). As a result, when the supply amount F3 is not the gas lower limit value, the controller 70 returns to step ST20.

  Here, the state where the supply amount F3 becomes the gas lower limit value, that is, the state where the adjustment unit 60 is in the steady mode, the supply amount F4 is the fuel lower limit value, and the supply amount F3 is the gas lower limit value is 22 is a state in which the oxygen-containing gas can be supplied excessively. Specifically, when the supply amount F4 is maintained at the fuel lower limit value and the supply amount F3 is maintained at the gas lower limit value, the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor 21 is sufficiently heated in the preheater 30. The oxygen-containing gas discharged from the preheater 30 is not required to be further heated by the burner 51 (the supercharger 20 can be self-supporting). However, the supply amount for stable driving of the burner 51 F4 is maintained at the fuel lower limit value, and the supply amount F3 is maintained at the gas lower limit value. When the oxygen-containing gas is excessively supplied to the turbine 22, the rotational speed of the turbine 22 (the rotational speed of the compressor 21), that is, the supply amount of the oxygen-containing gas from the compressor 21 to the incinerator 10 becomes excessive. There is a concern that the temperature in the furnace 10 may decrease. Therefore, when the supply amount F3 is the gas lower limit value in step ST21 (in the case of YES in step ST21), the opening degree control unit 74 of the controller 70 turns on a signal indicating that the on-off valve V6 can be used. (Step ST22). Thereby, the opening degree of the on-off valve V6 can be adjusted. Then, when the supply amount F1 of the oxygen-containing gas to the incinerator 10 is larger than the target value F0 by the flow adjustment control, the opening degree of the on-off valve V6 becomes large (step ST109). The excessive supply of gas is suppressed.

  Thereafter, the heating unit control unit 72 of the controller 70 determines whether or not the flow rate F6 of the oxygen-containing gas flowing through the extraction flow path L6 is larger than the set amount Fα (step ST23), and the flow rate F6 is less than or equal to the set amount Fα. In some cases, it is determined again whether or not the flow rate F6 is greater than the set amount Fα. If the flow rate F6 is greater than the set amount Fα, the heating unit controller 72 extinguishes the burner 51 (step ST24). If it does so, the opening degree of the 3rd flow regulating valve V3 will become small gradually by flow control (step ST114). At this time, the compressor map control ends.

Subsequently, the gas supply unit control unit 71 of the controller 70, the supply amount of F3, it is determined whether ^{0 Nm} 3 / h (step ST25), when the supply amount of F3 is not ^{0 Nm} 3 / h, again supply amount F3 There while it is determined whether ^{0 Nm} 3 / h, when the supply amount of F3 is ^{0 Nm} 3 / h, the gas supply unit control section 71 stops the blower 41 (step ST26). Thereby, start-up of the waste treatment facility is completed (the waste treatment facility shifts to steady operation).

  As described above, in the waste treatment facility of the present embodiment, when the facility is started up, the gas supply unit 40 and the heating unit 50 are driven while the adjustment unit 60 is in the discharge mode. Since the oxygen-containing gas supplied from the gas supply unit 40 and heated by the heating unit 50 is supplied to the turbine 22, it is possible to drive the turbine when the equipment is started up. For example, when the temperature of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the preheater 30 rises to some extent, the turbine 22 can be driven by the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor 21 by switching the adjustment unit 60 to the steady mode. Therefore, the time until the supercharger 20 becomes independent is shortened. Further, since the oxygen-containing gas supplied from the gas supply unit 40 does not pass through the preheater 30, generation of pressure loss when the preheater 30 passes is avoided.

  In the waste treatment facility of the present embodiment, the turbine 22 is effectively driven by the oxygen-containing gas supplied from the gas supply unit 40 and heated by the heating unit 50 when the facility is started up. In the gas supply flow path L1, the adjusting unit 60 is changed from the discharge mode to the steady mode so that the pressure P1 at the portion between the adjusting unit 60 and the compressor 21 is maintained higher than the pressure P2 of the intermediate portion L1C. Therefore, the backflow of the oxygen-containing gas from the intermediate portion L1C to the compressor 21 when the adjustment unit 60 switches from the discharge mode to the steady mode is suppressed.

  Further, after the driving of the blower 41 by the gas supply unit control unit 71 and the ignition of the burner 51 by the heating unit control unit 72, the adjustment unit control unit 73 sets the pressure P1 to the pressure P2 when the self-standing condition is satisfied. The adjustment unit 60 is switched from the discharge mode to the steady mode so that the larger state is maintained. For this reason, the driving state of the turbine 22 is stabilized when the adjustment unit 60 is switched from the discharge mode to the steady mode.

  Further, the heating unit control unit 72 determines the heating amount of the oxygen-containing gas by the heating unit 50 when the current value exceeds the preventive line B2 of the map after the burner 51 is driven until at least the self-supporting condition is satisfied. Increase. For this reason, vibration, noise, and the like of the compressor 21 are suppressed at least until the self-supporting condition is satisfied. Specifically, when the adjustment unit 60 switches from the discharge mode to the steady mode, the passage flow rate decreases due to an increase in the pressure P1 at a portion of the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path L1 between the adjustment unit 60 and the compressor 21. The current value shifts from the stable region A2 toward the unstable region A1, but when the heating unit 50 is driven, the temperature of the oxygen-containing gas supplied to the turbine 22 rises. The number increases. Then, since the rotation speed of the compressor 21 increases, the passing flow rate increases, and thereby the current value shifts toward the stable region A2 in the map. Therefore, the current value is suppressed from entering the unstable region A1.

  Further, since the heating unit control unit 72 adjusts the amount of heating of the oxygen-containing gas by the heating unit 50 so that the current value is maintained in the prevention line B2 (because the compressor map control is performed), the current value is an unstable region. Both suppression of entering A1 and suppression of fuel consumption by the burner 51 are achieved.

  Further, the opening degree control unit 74 sets the fuel supply amount to the burner 51 to the fuel lower limit value and the oxygen-containing gas supply amount F1 to the incinerator 10 as a target when the adjustment unit 60 is in the steady mode. When larger than the value F0, the opening degree of the on-off valve V6 is increased. For this reason, the fall of the temperature in the incinerator 10 resulting from the excessive supply of the oxygen-containing gas to the incinerator 10 is suppressed while the burner 51 is driven stably. Specifically, since the amount of oxygen-containing gas flowing into the turbine 22 decreases as the opening of the on-off valve V6 increases, the rotational speed of the turbine 22 decreases. Thereby, since the discharge amount of the oxygen-containing gas from the compressor 21, that is, the supply amount F1 of the oxygen-containing gas to the incinerator 10 is decreased, the excessive supply of the oxygen-containing gas to the incinerator 10 is suppressed.

  Thereafter, the heating unit control unit 72 extinguishes the burner 51 when the flow rate F6 is larger than the set amount Fα. That is, the burner 51 is extinguished (stopped) in a state where the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas necessary for stable driving of the turbine 22 is ensured. Therefore, both stable driving of the turbine 22 and reduction of fuel consumption by the burner 51 are achieved.

Furthermore, after that, the gas supply unit control unit 71 preferably stops the blower 41 when the supply amount F3 of the combustion gas to the burner 51 is 0 Nm ³ / h.

  In this way, since the blower 41 is stopped in a state where stable driving of the turbine 22 is ensured, the operation stably shifts to steady operation.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown not by the above description of the embodiments but by the scope of claims for patent, and further includes all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims for patent.

  For example, the extraction flow path L6, the on-off valve V6, and the opening degree control unit 74 may be omitted. In this case, an extraction flow path for extracting a part of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the turbine 22 to the outside is provided at a portion between the turbine 22 and the flow rate sensor 81 in the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path L1 and the extraction flow thereof. An exhaust valve capable of adjusting the opening is provided on the road. In step ST107, the opening of the exhaust valve is decreased, and in step ST109, the opening of the exhaust valve is increased.

  Instead of the first flow rate adjustment valve V1 and the second flow rate adjustment valve V2, a three-way valve may be provided at a connection portion between the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path L1 and the upstream end of the exhaust flow path L2. .

  Further, the adjusting unit 60 may be provided in a portion between the compressor 21 and the preheater 30 in the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path L1.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Incinerator 20 Supercharger 21 Compressor 22 Turbine 30 Preheater 40 Gas supply part 41 Blower 50 Heating part 51 Burner 52 Fuel pump 60 Adjustment part 70 Controller 71 Gas supply part control part 72 Heating part control part 73 Adjustment part control part 74 Opening control unit 75 Storage unit A1 Unstable region A2 Stable region B1 Boundary line B2 Prevention line L1 Oxygen-containing gas supply channel L1C Intermediate unit L2 Exhaust channel L3 Blower channel L4 Fuel supply channel L5 Combustion gas supply channel L6 Extraction flow path V1 1st flow rate adjustment valve V2 2nd flow rate adjustment valve V3 3rd flow rate adjustment valve V4 4th flow rate adjustment valve V5 5th flow rate adjustment valve V6 On-off valve

In addition, the waste disposal plant according to the first invention of this application, the gas supply unit control section for controlling the gas supply unit, a heating unit control unit for controlling the heating unit, controls the adjustment unit An adjustment unit control unit, wherein the gas supply unit control unit drives the gas supply unit in a state where the adjustment unit is in the discharge mode, and the heating unit control unit includes the adjustment unit that discharges the exhaust gas. The heating unit is driven in a mode, and the adjustment unit control unit is configured to drive the gas supply unit by the gas supply unit control unit and drive the heating unit by the heating unit control unit, and then the oxygen-containing gas. The adjustment unit is switched from the discharge mode to the steady mode so that the pressure in the portion between the adjustment unit and the compressor in the supply flow path is maintained higher than the pressure in the intermediate unit. The

Specifically, the adjustment unit control unit is configured to allow the supercharger to be independent after the gas supply unit control unit drives the gas supply unit and the heating unit control unit drives the heating unit. When a certain self-sustained condition is satisfied, a state is maintained in which the pressure in the portion between the adjustment unit and the compressor in the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path is greater than the pressure in the intermediate portion. The adjustment unit is switched from the discharge mode to the steady mode .

Further, in the waste treatment facility, the ratio of the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas passing through the compressor and the pressure of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor to the pressure of the oxygen-containing gas sucked into the compressor A map showing a relationship with a certain compression ratio, a boundary line indicating a boundary between an unstable region where the operation of the compressor is unstable and a stable region where the operation of the compressor is stable; And a preventive line in which the compression ratio is set to a value lower than the value of the boundary line, and a storage unit that stores the stored one, the heating unit control unit, after driving the heating unit, A value calculated based on the passing flow rate and the compression ratio at least until the self-supporting condition is satisfied, and the current operation of the compressor. When the current value indicating the state exceeds the prevention lines of the map, Ru increases the heating amount of said oxygen-containing gas by the heating unit.

Further, the waste treatment facility according to a second aspect of the present application is an oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor from a portion of the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path between the compressor and the preheater. An extraction flow path for taking out the part to the outside, an opening / closing valve provided in the extraction flow path, the opening degree of which can be adjusted, and an opening degree control part for controlling the opening degree of the opening / closing valve. The unit includes a burner and a fuel supply channel for supplying fuel to the burner, and the opening degree control unit supplies fuel to the burner when the adjustment unit is in the steady mode. When the amount is the lower limit value of the fuel supply amount range necessary for stable driving of the burner and the supply amount of the oxygen-containing gas to the incinerator is larger than a target value, the opening / closing valve is opened. raise the degree.

Also, in this application, the incinerator for burning waste, a compressor for compressing the oxygen-containing gas is a gas containing oxygen, and, supercharging, including a possible turbine driving the compressor is connected to said compressor A preheater that heats the oxygen-containing gas by exchanging heat between the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor and the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator, the compressor, the preheater, the turbine, and the An incinerator is connected in this order, and an oxygen-containing gas supply channel for supplying oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor to the incinerator, and a method for starting up a waste treatment facility, Of the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path, an intermediate portion that is a portion between the preheater and the turbine and the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path. And driving the turbine by supplying the oxygen-containing gas having a temperature capable of driving the turbine to the intermediate portion in a state where communication with the upstream portion, which is a portion between the vessel and the intermediate portion, is interrupted. A first step of discharging the entire amount of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor from the upstream portion to the outside of the oxygen-containing gas supply channel; and the preheater and the upstream portion of the oxygen-containing gas supply channel A second step of communicating the intermediate portion with the upstream portion when the temperature of the portion between the intermediate portion and the upstream portion reaches a temperature at which the supercharger can stand on its own. up method Ru is disclosed.

Claims (10)

A waste treatment facility for treating waste,
An incinerator for burning the waste;
A compressor that compresses an oxygen-containing gas that is a gas containing oxygen, and a supercharger that includes a turbine connected to the compressor and capable of driving the compressor;
A preheater that heats the oxygen-containing gas by exchanging heat between the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor and the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator;
The compressor, the preheater, the turbine, and the incinerator are connected in this order, and an oxygen-containing gas supply flow path for supplying the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor to the incinerator,
A gas supply unit capable of supplying the oxygen-containing gas to an intermediate portion which is a portion between the preheater and the turbine in the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path;
A heating unit that heats the oxygen-containing gas before the oxygen-containing gas supplied from the gas supply unit flows into the turbine;
A discharge mode in which the entire amount of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor is discharged from a portion of the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path upstream of the intermediate portion to the outside of the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path; The flow rate of oxygen-containing gas discharged from the preheater to the turbine can be adjusted between a steady mode in which the entire amount of oxygen-containing gas discharged from the preheater flows into the intermediate portion. And a waste treatment facility comprising an adjustment unit. The waste treatment facility according to claim 1,
A gas supply control unit for controlling the gas supply unit;
A heating unit control unit for controlling the heating unit;
An adjustment unit control unit for controlling the adjustment unit,
The gas supply unit control unit drives the gas supply unit in a state where the adjustment unit is in the discharge mode,
The heating unit control unit drives the heating unit in a state where the adjustment unit is in the discharge mode,
The adjustment unit control unit includes the adjustment unit and the compressor in the oxygen-containing gas supply channel after the gas supply unit control unit drives the gas supply unit and the heating unit control unit drives the heating unit. A waste treatment facility for switching the adjustment unit from the discharge mode to the steady mode so that a state in which a pressure at a portion between the two is maintained larger than a pressure at the intermediate portion is maintained. The waste treatment facility according to claim 2,
The adjustment unit control unit has a self-standing condition, which is a condition that allows the supercharger to be independent after the gas supply unit control unit drives the gas supply unit and the heating unit control unit drives the heating unit. When established, the adjusting unit is maintained such that the pressure in the portion between the adjusting unit and the compressor in the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path is greater than the pressure in the intermediate unit. A waste treatment facility for switching from the discharge mode to the steady mode. The waste treatment facility according to claim 3,
A map showing the relationship between the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas passing through the compressor and the compression ratio, which is the ratio of the pressure of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor to the pressure of the oxygen-containing gas sucked into the compressor A boundary line indicating a boundary between an unstable region where the operation of the compressor becomes unstable and a stable region where the operation of the compressor is stable, and the compression ratio is a value of the boundary line A preventive line set to a value lower than the predetermined value, and a storage unit for storing the stored data,
The heating unit control unit is a value calculated based on the passing flow rate and the compression ratio until at least the self-supporting condition is satisfied after the heating unit is driven, and the current operation state of the compressor A waste treatment facility that increases the amount of heating of the oxygen-containing gas by the heating unit when the current value indicating the value exceeds the prevention line of the map. The waste treatment facility according to claim 4,
The heating unit control unit is a waste treatment facility that adjusts a heating amount of the oxygen-containing gas by the heating unit so that the current value is maintained in the prevention line. The waste treatment facility according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
An extraction flow path for taking out a part of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor from a portion between the compressor and the preheater in the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path,
An on-off valve provided in the take-out flow path and capable of adjusting an opening;
An opening degree control unit for controlling the opening degree of the on-off valve,
The heating unit is
With a burner,
A fuel supply channel for supplying fuel to the burner,
In the state where the adjustment unit is in the steady mode, the amount of fuel supplied to the burner is a lower limit value of a fuel supply amount range necessary for stable driving of the burner, and the opening degree control unit, and A waste treatment facility that raises the opening of the on-off valve when the supply amount of the oxygen-containing gas to the incinerator is larger than a target value. The waste treatment facility according to claim 6,
When the extraction rate, which is a ratio of the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas flowing through the extraction flow path to the passing flow rate, which is the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas passing through the compressor, is greater than a set value, A waste treatment facility that extinguishes the burner. The waste treatment facility according to claim 7,
The gas supply unit control unit stops the gas supply unit when the amount of combustion gas supplied to the burner is 0 Nm ³ / h after the burner is extinguished by the heating unit control unit. Facility. An incinerator that burns waste, a compressor that compresses an oxygen-containing gas that is a gas containing oxygen, a supercharger that includes a turbine that is connected to the compressor and can drive the compressor, and discharge from the compressor A preheater for heating the oxygen-containing gas by exchanging heat between the generated oxygen-containing gas and the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator, and the compressor, the preheater, the turbine, and the incinerator are connected in this order. An oxygen-containing gas supply channel for supplying the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor to the incinerator, and a method for starting up a waste treatment facility comprising:
An intermediate part that is a part between the preheater and the turbine in the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path and an upstream part that is a part between the preheater and the intermediate part in the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path. The turbine is driven by supplying the oxygen-containing gas having a temperature capable of driving the turbine to the intermediate portion in a state where communication with the turbine is interrupted, and the total amount of oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor is A first step of discharging from the upstream portion to the outside of the oxygen-containing gas supply channel;
When the temperature of the portion between the preheater and the upstream portion of the oxygen-containing gas supply flow path reaches a temperature at which the supercharger can stand on its own, the intermediate portion and the upstream portion are A method for starting up a waste treatment facility. In the method for starting up the waste treatment facility according to claim 9,
In the second step, the waste that causes the intermediate portion and the upstream portion to communicate with each other so that the pressure of the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the compressor is maintained higher than the pressure of the intermediate portion. How to start up processing equipment.

Images