JP2019130618A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a machine tool that can prevent amounts of coolants from decreasing due to air cooling using air containing a large amount of gaseous coolants.SOLUTION: A machine tool 100 provided with a motor 121 for rotating a tool, which has an air inlet through which air for air-cooling the motor 121 enters at a side surface thereof comprises: an attachable/detachable cover member 11 that covers an air inlet at the other side surface part other than one side surface part of the motor 121; and a side wall part 13 that covers a part which does not have an air inlet at the side surface of the motor 121 and extends in a direction crossing the one side surface part of the motor 121.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool including a motor that rotates a tool.

  Conventionally, various methods have been devised to cool the heat generated during cutting in a machine tool that performs cutting on a workpiece by attaching a tool to a spindle.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, in order to cool the heat generated in the main shaft during cutting, a cooling jacket that covers at least the left, right side, and front is formed on the outer surface of the main shaft, and a tool mounting side is formed on the cooling jacket. A spindle cooling device is disclosed in which cooling air is supplied from above and the cooling air is discharged from the upper side of the spindle.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-235536

  On the other hand, in order to cool the heat generated by the friction between the workpiece and the tool during cutting, a method of injecting coolant is generally used. The coolant used for cooling is recovered and used again after a predetermined treatment.

  However, a part of the coolant is gasified by the heat of the part to be cooled. Since the spindle cooling device of Patent Document 1 described above sucks air into the cooling jacket from the tool mounting side, it sucks air containing a large amount of gaseous coolant. Since the spindle cooling device of Patent Document 1 discharges air sucked into the cooling jacket from the upper side of the spindle, air containing a large amount of gaseous coolant flows out of the machine tool. Accordingly, it becomes difficult to collect the coolant and it is necessary to replenish the coolant frequently.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and its object is to reduce the amount of recovered coolant due to the use of air containing a large amount of gaseous coolant for cooling. The object is to provide a machine tool that can be prevented.

  A machine tool according to the present invention includes a motor that rotates a tool, and a machine tool including a motor having an air inlet on a side surface through which air for cooling the motor enters air is provided on a side surface portion other than one side surface portion of the motor. A detachable cover member that covers the air inlet, and a side wall portion that covers a portion of the side surface of the motor that does not have the air inlet and extends in a direction intersecting the one side surface portion of the motor. To do.

  In the present invention, the cover member covers an air inlet of the other side surface except for one side surface portion of the motor, and the side wall portion covers a part of the side surface of the motor, and the one side surface portion of the motor. Extend in the intersecting direction. Therefore, a space near the one side surface portion of the motor is partitioned by the side wall portion, and only air in this space is sucked from an air inlet of the one side wall portion of the motor.

  The machine tool according to the present invention is characterized in that the cover member is composed of two parts.

  In the present invention, the cover member is divided into two parts. Therefore, attachment and removal of the cover member are easy.

  The machine tool according to the present invention is characterized in that the cover member includes a filter portion through which only air passes.

  In the present invention, since only the air passes through the filter portion, for example, gaseous coolant, chips and the like are prevented in advance from entering the air inlet.

  The machine tool according to the present invention is characterized in that the filter portion is made of steel wool.

  In the present invention, since the steel wool allows only air to pass therethrough, for example, gaseous coolant, chips and the like are prevented in advance from entering the air inlet.

  In the machine tool according to the present invention, the cover member includes a flat portion that covers the air inlet of the other side surface portion along the side surface of the motor, and a protruding portion that protrudes from the lower end of the flat portion toward the motor side. And a gap exists between the air inlet and the flat portion.

  In the present invention, although the gap exists between the air inlet and the cover member (flat portion), the overhanging portion closes the edge of the gap. Therefore, the motor can suck in air in the space where the side wall is partitioned through the air inlet of the one side surface and the air inlet of the other side surface of the motor. At this time, the overhanging portion prevents gaseous coolant, chips, and the like from entering the air inlet.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to solve the problem that the amount of coolant recovered is reduced due to the use of air containing a large amount of gaseous coolant for cooling, and the coolant replenishment recovery increases accordingly.

3 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of a spindle head of the machine tool according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a spindle head of the machine tool according to Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 2 is a partially exploded view in which the spindle head of the machine tool according to Embodiment 1 is partially exploded. 3 is a diagram showing a cover member of the machine tool according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional view by the II line in FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a cover member of a machine tool according to Embodiment 2. FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a cover member of a machine tool according to Embodiment 3. It is a figure showing the state which mounted | wore the spindle head with the cover member of the machine tool which concerns on Embodiment 3. FIG.

Hereinafter, a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of the spindle head of the machine tool according to the first embodiment. A machine tool 100 according to the first embodiment includes a column 30, a spindle head 10, a tool changer 40, and the like, and performs processing such as cutting on a workpiece. The spindle head 10 is disposed on the rear side of the tool changer 40. A column 30 is disposed on the rear side of the spindle head 10.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the spindle head 10 of the machine tool 100 according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a partially exploded view of the spindle head 10 of the machine tool 100 according to the first embodiment.

  The tool changer 40 has a disk shape and has a magazine 42 for holding and changing tools. Two support plates 43 protrude forward from the column 30. The two support plates 43 are arranged side by side. The support plate 43 supports the tool changer 40. The magazine 42 has a plurality of gripping portions 41, and the gripping portions 41 hold tools. The tool changer 40 attaches the tool held by the gripper 41 to the spindle 15.

  The magazine 42 rotates around its axis by driving a predetermined motor (not shown). The plurality of gripping portions 41 are arranged side by side on the outer periphery of the magazine 42 in the circumferential direction. Each grip part 41 accommodates a tool so that attachment or detachment is possible. The tool changer 40 rotates the magazine 42 and moves the grip portion 41 on which a tool to be used next is mounted to the tool change position. The tool changer 40 removes the tool attached to the spindle 15 of the spindle head 10 and attaches the tool attached to the grip portion 41 at the tool change position to the spindle 15.

The column 30 extends in the vertical direction, and the spindle head 10 can be moved up and down along the front surface of the column 30.
A vertical movement motor 20 is provided at the upper part of the column 30 for moving the spindle head 10 in the vertical direction. The spindle head 10 moves in the vertical direction by the rotation of the vertical movement motor 20.

The spindle head 10 has a spindle 15 for attaching a tool, and a spindle holder 16 for holding the spindle 15. The lower end portion of the main shaft 15 is a mounting portion for mounting a tool.
A spindle motor section 12 that rotates the spindle 15 is disposed above the spindle holding section 16. The main shaft motor unit 12 includes a motor 121 that rotates the main shaft 15.

  The main shaft holding portion 16 has a column shape and holds the main shaft 15 rotatably. A tool is attached to the lower end of the main shaft 15. The upper end portion of the main shaft 15 is connected to the shaft of the motor 121, and the upper end portion of the main shaft holding portion 16 is connected to the lower stage of the main shaft motor portion 12. The rotating shaft of the motor 121 and the main shaft 15 are located on the same axis. Accordingly, the rotation of the motor 121 rotates the main shaft 15 and the tool at the lower end of the main shaft 15.

  The main shaft holding portion 16 has a cam mechanism 14 fixed to the front side of the main shaft holding portion 16. The cam mechanism 14 has a strip shape that protrudes from the front surface of the spindle holding portion 16 and is long in the vertical direction.

  The spindle motor unit 12 has a fan 124 on the upper side of the motor 121. The fan 124 sucks in air for cooling the motor 121.

The motor 121 has an air inlet 122 on the side surface of the lower portion, into which air for cooling the motor 121 enters. The air inlet 122 is provided along the lower side surface. The upper part of the fan 124 is an air outlet 123 that discharges air that has entered from the air inlet 122.
The air inlet 122 and the air outlet 123 are connected by an air passage (not shown) formed on the side surface of the motor 121.

  When the machine tool 100 according to the first embodiment operates, that is, when the motor 121 rotates, external air flows into the motor 121 from each air inlet 122 by the rotation of the fan 124. The air that has flowed into the motor 121 exits the motor 121 through the air outlet 123 due to the rotation of the fan 124. At this time, the air takes away the heat generated by the motor 121.

  The spindle head 10 has a side wall portion 13 that covers the side surface of the motor 121. The side wall 13 is plate-shaped and covers the vicinity of the left side surface and the vicinity of the right side surface of the spindle motor unit 12, respectively.

The side wall portion 13 has a front end portion bent along the side surface of the motor 121. The side wall portion 13 extends to the column 30 in a direction in which the rear end portion intersects the rear side surface (one side surface portion) of the motor 121. Hereinafter, of the two side wall portions 13, a portion that covers a part of the front side surface and the left side surface of the motor 121 is referred to as a side wall portion 13 a, and a portion that covers a part of the front side surface and the right side surface of the motor 121 is a side wall portion. 13b.
The side wall portion 13 a and the side wall portion 13 b cover a part of the side surface of the motor 121 without blocking the air inlet 122.

  The distance between the side wall part 13a and the side wall part 13b becomes wider toward the rear. That is, as for the distance between the end portions of the side wall portion 13a and the side wall portion 13b, the distance between the rear end portions is longer than the distance between the front end portions.

  As described above, the front end portions of the side wall portion 13 a and the side wall portion 13 b cover the left side surface and the right side surface of the motor 121, respectively, and the rear end portion extends to the column 30. Therefore, the side wall portion 13a and the side wall portion 13b partition a space (hereinafter referred to as a partition space) located between the side wall portion 13a and the side wall portion 13b.

  In the machine tool 100 according to the first embodiment, when cutting a workpiece, coolant is sprayed toward the workpiece and the tool. At this time, the side wall portion 13a and the side wall portion 13b prevent the coolant from scattering into the air inlet 122a on the rear side surface of the motor 121 and the partition space. Hereinafter, the air inlet 122 located on the rear side surface of the motor 121 is also referred to as an air inlet 122a, and the other air inlets 122 other than the air inlet 122a are also referred to as air inlets 122b.

  The spindle motor unit 12 has a cover member 11 that covers the air inlet 122. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the cover member 11 of the machine tool 100 according to the first embodiment. 4A is a perspective view of the cover member 11, and FIG. 4B is a bottom view of the cover member 11.

  The cover member 11 includes a rectangular plate-shaped plate portion 111 and a bent portion 112 having an L-shaped cross-sectional view, and is united integrally by a coupling mechanism. In FIG. 4, for the sake of convenience, the coupling mechanism of the plate portion 111 and the bent portion 112 is not shown. When the board part 111 and the bending part 112 unite | combine, the cover member 11 makes | forms the shape of the letter U of planar view as a whole.

  The cover member 11 covers the air inlet 122b on the front side surface, left side surface, and right side surface of the motor 121. The cover member 11 does not cover the air inlet 122 a on the rear side surface of the motor 121. The cover member 11 is detachable.

  When the cover member 11 is attached to the motor 121, the inner surface of the plate portion 111 of the cover member 11 contacts the left side surface of the motor 121, and the inner surface of the bent portion 112 contacts the front side surface and right side surface of the motor 121. To do. Therefore, the cover member 11 closes the air inlet 122b.

  The plate part 111 and the bent part 112 have two through holes H1 for attachment to the upper part of the spindle holding part 16. The upper part of the spindle holding part 16 has a screw hole H2 corresponding to H1 of the plate part 111 and the bent part 112.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line II in FIG. FIG. 5 shows a state in which the cover member 11 is attached to the spindle head 10.
The cover member 11 (plate part 111, bent part 112) is screwed onto the upper part of the spindle holding part 16 by turning the male screw into the screw hole H2 on the upper part of the spindle holding part 16 through H1 of the plate part 111 and the bent part 112. Match. The upper part of the cover member 11 overlaps the side wall part 13.

  As described above, in the machine tool 100 according to the first embodiment, a tool is attached to the lower side of the spindle holder 16. In the case of cutting on a workpiece, since coolant is sprayed onto the tool, a part of the coolant is gasified by the heat of the workpiece portion of the workpiece.

  In the case of cutting, air flows into the motor 121 through the air inlet 122 because the motor 121 is air-cooled. When air containing a large amount of gaseous coolant flows into the motor 121, the amount of coolant that can be recovered decreases and the coolant needs to be replenished frequently.

  On the other hand, the machine tool 100 according to the first embodiment attaches the cover member 11 as described above, thereby removing the air inlet 122a on the rear side surface of the motor 121, the front side surface, the left side surface, The air inlet 122b on the right side surface is blocked. The cover member 11 makes it difficult for air containing a large amount of coolant and gaseous coolant to enter the partition space. That is, the amount of gaseous coolant in the air in the partition space is significantly smaller than that in the air outside the partition space.

  In the machine tool 100 according to the first embodiment, when the motor 121 is air-cooled, only the air in the partition space is sucked through the air inlet 122a on the rear side surface of the motor 121. Thereby, the reduction | decrease of the coolant by the air containing much gaseous coolant flowing into the motor 121 can be suppressed as much as possible.

  In the above description, the case where the cover member 11 is divided into the plate part 111 and the bent part 112 has been described as an example, but the machine tool 100 according to the first embodiment is not limited to this, You may comprise the board part 111 and the bending part 112 integrally.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a cover member 11A of the machine tool 100 according to the second embodiment. The cover member 11A of the machine tool 100 according to the second embodiment has the same shape as that of the first embodiment, but is different in that the filter unit 19 is provided.

  11 A of cover members have the filter part 19 which lets only air pass on each of three surfaces except a gaseous coolant. A rectangular window 18 is formed on each surface of the cover member 11A. Each window 18 is formed at a position corresponding to the air inlet 122b on the front side surface, left side surface, and right side surface of the motor 121 when the cover member 11A is mounted.

  The window 18 penetrates the cover member 11A in and out. A filter portion 19 is attached to the window 18 inside or outside the window 18. The filter unit 19 is a rectangle that follows the window 18, and has a size slightly larger than the window 18. The filter unit 19 is fixed to the window 18 by welding, for example.

  The filter part 19 consists of steel wool, for example. In addition, a cloth system such as a nonwoven fabric may be used.

  In machine tool 100 according to the second embodiment, since cover member 11A has filter portion 19, air is also sucked from air inlet 122b on the front side surface, left side surface, and right side surface of motor 121 via filter portion 19. Can do. The filter unit 19 shields entry of gaseous coolant.

  Therefore, in the machine tool 100 according to the second embodiment, it is possible to sufficiently secure air for cooling the motor 121 without reducing the amount of coolant.

  The machine tool 100 according to Embodiment 2 is not limited to this. A filter unit 19 may be provided on both the inside and outside of the window 18 to form a double layer. This can reliably prevent the gaseous coolant from flowing into the motor 121.

  Further, the entire cover member 11 </ b> A may be made of the same material as that of the filter portion 19.

  About the part similar to Embodiment 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

(Embodiment 3)
The machine tool 100 according to the third embodiment is different from the first and second embodiments in the shape of the cover member 11.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a cover member 11B of the machine tool 100 according to the third embodiment. 7A is a perspective view of the cover member 11B, and FIG. 7B is a bottom view of the cover member 11B. For convenience, the coupling mechanism of the plate portion 111B and the bent portion 112B is not shown.

In Embodiment 3, the plate portion 111B of the cover member 11B has a flat plate-like flat portion 111a that faces the side surface of the motor 121 when mounted on the motor 121, and an overhang portion 113 provided at the lower end of the flat portion 111a. Have.
The bent portion 112B of the cover member 11B has two flat plate-like flat portions 112a that face the side surfaces of the motor 121 when attached to the motor 121, and has a protruding portion 113 provided at the lower end of the flat portion 112a. . The plate portion 111 and the overhang portion 113 of the bent portion 112 are integrally formed.

  The overhanging portion 113 protrudes inward from the lower ends of the flat portion 111a and the flat portion 112a in a direction intersecting with the flat portion 111a and the flat portion 112a, respectively. That is, when the cover member 11 </ b> B is attached to the motor 121, the protruding portion 113 protrudes toward the motor 121 from the lower ends of the flat portion 111 a and the flat portion 112 a. Accordingly, the plate portion 111B and the bent portion 112B have the shape of a letter L in a longitudinal sectional view.

  The cover member 11B in the third embodiment is slightly larger in dimensions in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction than the cover members 11 and 11A in the first and second embodiments. Therefore, when the cover member 11 </ b> B is attached to the motor 121, a gap G (for example, 1 to 2 mm) can be provided between the flat portion 111 a and the flat portion 112 a and the side surface of the motor 121. That is, a gap G exists between the inner side surface of the cover member 11B and the side surface (air inlet 122) of the motor 121.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the cover member 11 </ b> B of the machine tool 100 according to the third embodiment is attached to the spindle head 10. 8A is a front view of the spindle motor unit 12, FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 8A, and FIG. 8C is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

  When the cover member 11B is attached to the spindle head 10, the flat portion 111a and the flat portion 112a cover the air inlet 122b on the front side surface, left side surface, and right side surface of the motor 121. As described above, the gap G is interposed between the front side surface, the left side surface, the right side surface of the motor 121 and the flat portion 111a and the flat portion 112a (see FIG. 8C).

  Further, the flat portion 111 a and the overhanging portion 113 at the lower end of the flat portion 112 a cover the flange lower surface in a substantially flush state with the flange lower surface of the spindle holding portion 16. That is, the projecting portion 113 shields the lower end of the gap G between the flat portion 111a and the flat portion 112a with the main shaft holding portion 16 at the lower end.

Since the machine tool 100 according to the third embodiment has the above-described configuration, when performing the cutting process, when the motor 121 is air-cooled, not only the air inlet 122a but also the air inlet 122b via the gap G is used. The air in the partition space can also flow into the motor 121. The overhanging portion 113 prevents air containing a large amount of gaseous coolant from entering the air inlet 122b from the gap G.
Therefore, in the machine tool 100 according to the third embodiment, sufficient air can be secured for air-cooling the motor 121 without reducing the amount of coolant.

  That is, the overhanging portion 113 shields the lower end of the gap G between the flat portion 111a and the flat portion 112a at the lower end of the flat portion 112a, which is close to the coolant injection location. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the air containing a large amount of gaseous coolant from entering the air inlet 122b through the gap G.

  The machine tool 100 according to Embodiment 3 is not limited to this. A configuration may be adopted in which the same material as that of the filter portion 19 of the second embodiment is mounted between the flat portion 111a and the flat portion 112a and the motor 121.

  The same parts as those in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

11 Cover member 13 Side wall part 19 Filter part
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Machine tool 111a, 112a Flat part 113 Overhang | projection part 121 Motor 122a, 122b Air inlet G Gap

Claims (5)

In a machine tool including a motor that rotates a spindle on which a tool is mounted and has an air inlet on a side surface through which air to be air-cooled enters,
A detachable cover member that covers the air inlet of the other side surface except one side surface of the motor;
A machine tool comprising: a side wall portion that covers a portion of the side surface of the motor that does not have the air inlet and extends in a direction intersecting with the one side surface portion of the motor.   The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the cover member includes two parts.   The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the cover member includes a filter portion that allows only air to pass through.   The machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the filter portion is made of steel wool. The cover member is
A flat portion covering the air inlet of the other side surface portion along the side surface of the motor;
A projecting portion projecting from the lower end of the flat portion to the motor side;
The machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a gap exists between the air inlet and the flat portion.

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