JP2019127593A - より低又は低gwpの冷媒又は冷媒ブレンドを用いて、pag潤滑油又は冷媒を空調又はシステムに導入するための組成物、システム、及び方法 - Google Patents
より低又は低gwpの冷媒又は冷媒ブレンドを用いて、pag潤滑油又は冷媒を空調又はシステムに導入するための組成物、システム、及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019127593A JP2019127593A JP2019009484A JP2019009484A JP2019127593A JP 2019127593 A JP2019127593 A JP 2019127593A JP 2019009484 A JP2019009484 A JP 2019009484A JP 2019009484 A JP2019009484 A JP 2019009484A JP 2019127593 A JP2019127593 A JP 2019127593A
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- refrigerant
- composition
- lubricating oil
- lubricant
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
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- XMSXQFUHVRWGNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 XMSXQFUHVRWGNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YFCGDEUVHLPRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [dimethyl(trimethylsilyloxy)silyl]oxy-dimethyl-trimethylsilyloxysilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C YFCGDEUVHLPRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FBZANXDWQAVSTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecamethylpentasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C FBZANXDWQAVSTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
- C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
Description
この組成物のために選択された潤滑油は、好ましくは、潤滑油が蒸発装置からコンプレッサに戻り得ることを確実にするために、車両のA/C冷媒中で十分な可溶性を有する。更に、潤滑油が冷たい蒸発装置内を通過することができるように、潤滑油は好ましくは低温で相対的に低い粘度を有する。好ましい一実施形態では、潤滑油とA/C冷媒とは、幅広い温度範囲にわたって混和性である。好ましい潤滑油は、1つ以上の極性の、含酸素化合物であり得る。好ましい極性の含酸素化合物としては、ポリアルキレングリコール類(PAG)としても知られている、ポリアルキレンオキシドが挙げられる。
混合物の冷媒部分は、少なくとも1種のハイドロフルオロオレフィン(又はより一般的にはHFO系冷媒と呼ばれる)を含むが、1種の特定のHFO冷媒には限定されない。ハイドロフルオロオレフィンは、地球温暖化係数(GWP)が低く、オゾン層破壊係数(ODP)が0である。気候変動に関する政府間パネル(IPCC)は、フルオロカーボン類のGWPを定期的に審査及び規定している。本発明で具体化されるハイドロフルオロオレフィン冷媒は、GWPが約100GWP未満であるが、典型的にGWPは10未満であり、更には1GWPまで下がる。特に有用なハイドロフルオロオレフィンは、HFO−1234yfを含む。UN’s IPCC Fifth Assessment Report(AR5)によれば、HFO−1234yfはGWPが1未満である。
酸捕捉剤は、シロキサン、活性化芳香族化合物、又はその両方の組み合わせを含むことができる。参照により本明細書に援用されるSerranoら(パラグラフ38)は、シロキサンはシロキシ官能性を有する任意の分子であってよいことを開示している。シロキサンとしては、アルキルシロキサン、アリールシロキサン、又はアリール及びアルキル置換基の混合物を含むシロキサンが挙げられ得る。例えば、シロキサンは、ジアルキルシロキサン又はポリジアルキルシロキサンを含む、アルキルシロキサンであってもよい。好ましいシロキサンとしては、2つのケイ素原子と結合した酸素原子、すなわち構造SiOSiを有する基が挙げられる。例えば、シロキサンは、式IV:R1[Si(R2R3)4O]nSi(R2R3)R4のシロキサンであってもよく、式中、nは1以上である。式IVのシロキサンは、好ましくは2以上、より好ましくは3以上(例えば約4又はそれ以上)であるnを有する。式IVのシロキサンは、好ましくは約30以下、より好ましくは約12以下、最も好ましくは約7以下であるnを有する。好ましくは、R4基はアリール基又はアルキル基である。好ましくは、R2基は、アリール基、若しくはアルキル基、又はそれらの混合物である。好ましくは、R3基は、アリール基、若しくはアルキル基、又はそれらの混合物である。好ましくは、R4基はアリール基又はアルキル基である。好ましくは、R1、R2、R3、R4、又はこれらの任意の組み合わせは水素ではない。分子中のR2基は、同一であっても異なっていてもよい。好ましくは、分子中のR2基は同一である。分子中のR2基は、R3基と同一であっても異なっていてもよい。好ましくは、分子中のR2基とR3基とは同一である。好ましいシロキサンとしては、式IVのシロキサンが挙げられ、式中、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、又はこれらの任意の組み合わせは、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、若しくはブチル基、又はこれらの任意の組み合わせである。用いることのできる例示的なシロキサンとしては、ヘキサメチルジシロキサン、ポリジメチルシロキサン、ポリメチルフェニルシロキサン、ドデカメチルペンタシロキサン、デカメチルシクロ−ペンタシロキサン、デカメチルテトラシロキサン、オクタメチルトリシロキサン、又はこれらの任意の組み合わせが挙げられる。
好ましい添加剤としては、参照により本明細書に援用される、米国特許第5,152,926号、第4,755,316号に記載されるものが挙げられる。具体的には、好ましい極圧添加剤としては、(A)トリルトリアゾール又はその置換誘導体と、(B)アミン(例えばJeffamine M−600)と、(C)(i)エトキシ化リン酸エステル(例えばAntara LP−700タイプ)、若しくは(ii)リン酸アルコール(例えばZELEC 3337タイプ)、若しくは(iii)ジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛(例えばLubrizol 5139、5604、5178、又は5186タイプ)、若しくは(iv)メルカプトベンゾチアゾール、若しくは(v)2,5−ジメルカプト−1,3,4−トリアジアゾール(triadiaZole)誘導体(例えばCurvan 826)、又はこれらの混合物である第3の成分と、の混合物が挙げられる。使用され得る添加剤の追加的な例は、米国特許第5,976,399号(Schnur,5:12−6:51、参照により本明細書に援用される)に記載されている。
好ましい火炎抑制剤としては、同様に参照により援用され、特許出願「Compositions comprising fluoroolefins and uses thereof(WO2009018117A1号)」で説明される、HFC−125及び/又はKrytox(登録商標)潤滑油などのフッ素化生成物と共に参照により援用される、「Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins(カナダ国特許第2557873A1号)」の特許出願で説明されるものが挙げられる。
HFO−1234yfは、車両用A/Cシステムの主冷媒として用いられるときは、ポリアルキレングリコール又はPAGタイプ潤滑油と適合性があることが一般に判明しているが、全てのPAG潤滑油が、自動車用A/CシステムでHFO−1234yfと併用するために好適な他の特性の中でも、必要な混和性範囲、熱安定性、材料適合性、湿潤レベルを有しているわけではない。したがって、本発明の組成物は、上記の特性を欠くPAG潤滑油を実質的に含まない。「実質的に含まない」とは、本発明の組成物がHFO−1234yfを含む場合、組成物が5重量%未満、一般的には3重量%未満、場合によっては0.5重量%未満の、以下の二重末端キャップされたPAG ND−8、単末端キャップされたPAG Dow RL244を含むことを意味する。A/Cシステムで一般に使用される潤滑油の量は、A/C冷媒の量の約5〜約10重量%の範囲である。例えば、A/C冷媒の充填量が600gであれば、60gの潤滑油が用いられる(冷媒90重量%/潤滑油10重量%)。しかし、冷媒は潤滑油をA/Cシステム内に移送するのに用いられるため、冷媒と併せて用いられるPAG油の量は、およそ潤滑油50〜80重量%/冷媒20〜50重量%(例えば潤滑油約60〜約65重量%)と比較的大きくなる。
Claims (14)
- 約50〜約80重量%のポリアルキレングリコール(PAG)潤滑油と、約20〜約50重量%の冷媒と、を含む組成物であって、前記冷媒は約100未満の地球温暖化係数(GWP)を示す、組成物。
- 約1〜約15重量%のポリアルキレングリコール(PAG)潤滑油と、約85〜約99重量%の冷媒と、を含む組成物であって、前記冷媒は約100未満の地球温暖化係数(GWP)を示す、組成物。
- 約1〜約5重量%の酸捕捉剤を更に含む、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- 前記酸捕捉剤は、ヘキサメチルジシロキサン、ポリジメチルシロキサン、ポリメチルフェニルシロキサン、ドデカメチルペンタシロキサン、デカメチルシクロ−ペンタシロキサン、デカメチルテトラシロキサン、又はオクタメチルトリシロキサンからなる群から選択される、少なくとも1つの要素を含む、請求項3に記載の組成物。
- 約1〜約5重量%の性能向上剤を更に含む、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- 約1〜約10重量%の火炎抑制剤を更に含む、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- 容器であって、前記組成物を、車両空調システム内に送達するように構成された、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物を含む、容器。
- 前記容器内の圧力は、160kPa〜945kPaである、請求項7に記載の容器。
- PAG潤滑油を、車両空調システム内に送達するための方法であって、請求項1に記載の組成物を含む容器を、前記車両空調システムに接続することと、請求項1に記載の組成物を前記車両空調システム内に移送することと、を含む、方法。
- 酸捕捉剤、性能向上剤、又は火炎抑制剤を、前記車両空調システム内に送達することを更に含む、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記方法は、前記PAG潤滑油が前記冷媒と混和性となる圧力及び温度条件下で行われる、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記圧力は約315kPa〜約435kPaであり、前記温度は約−18℃〜約37℃である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の組成物を、自動車空調システムに送達するためのシステムであり、システムが、請求項1に記載の組成物を含む容器と、コンプレッサと、凝縮装置と、乾燥機と、膨張弁と、蒸発装置と、を備える、システム。
- キットであり、請求項1に記載の組成物を含む容器と、前記組成物の空調システム内への流れを制御するための手動ディスペンサと、前記組成物を前記空調システムに搬送するためのホースと、を備えるキット。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2023147751A JP2023164561A (ja) | 2018-01-23 | 2023-09-12 | より低又は低gwpの冷媒又は冷媒ブレンドを用いて、pag潤滑油又は冷媒を空調又はシステムに導入するための組成物、システム、及び方法 |
JP2024028564A JP2024057060A (ja) | 2018-01-23 | 2024-02-28 | より低又は低gwpの冷媒又は冷媒ブレンドを用いて、pag潤滑油又は冷媒を空調又はシステムに導入するための組成物、システム、及び方法 |
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PCT/US2018/066601 WO2019147363A1 (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2018-12-19 | Compositions, system and methods for introducing pag lubricant or refrigerant into an air-conditioning or system using lower or low gwp refrigerant or refrigerant blends |
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JP2024028564A Division JP2024057060A (ja) | 2018-01-23 | 2024-02-28 | より低又は低gwpの冷媒又は冷媒ブレンドを用いて、pag潤滑油又は冷媒を空調又はシステムに導入するための組成物、システム、及び方法 |
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JP2023147751A Pending JP2023164561A (ja) | 2018-01-23 | 2023-09-12 | より低又は低gwpの冷媒又は冷媒ブレンドを用いて、pag潤滑油又は冷媒を空調又はシステムに導入するための組成物、システム、及び方法 |
JP2024028564A Pending JP2024057060A (ja) | 2018-01-23 | 2024-02-28 | より低又は低gwpの冷媒又は冷媒ブレンドを用いて、pag潤滑油又は冷媒を空調又はシステムに導入するための組成物、システム、及び方法 |
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JP2024028564A Pending JP2024057060A (ja) | 2018-01-23 | 2024-02-28 | より低又は低gwpの冷媒又は冷媒ブレンドを用いて、pag潤滑油又は冷媒を空調又はシステムに導入するための組成物、システム、及び方法 |
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EP (3) | EP4067454A1 (ja) |
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CN (2) | CN115322750A (ja) |
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CA3083293A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
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EP3743481B1 (en) | 2022-10-05 |
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PL3743481T3 (pl) | 2023-01-23 |
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