JP2019126839A - Joining method and manufacturing method of joining member - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a novel joining method for joining a first member and a second member which is different from the first member in a kind, and a novel manufacturing method of a joined member which is formed by joining the first member and the second member.SOLUTION: One embodiment of this disclosure is a joining method for joining a first member and a second member which is different from the first member in a kind, and lower than the first member in a yield point. The joining method includes a process for arranging the second member so as to be overlapped on a penetration hole which is formed at the first member. The joining method also includes a process for pressurizing the second member by a punch, elastically deforming the whole or a part of the second member, and pressure-inserting it into the penetration hole, and joining the first member and the second member to each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present disclosure relates to a bonding method and a method of manufacturing a bonding member.

  In recent years, weight reduction of vehicles has progressed. For example, as a method for promoting weight reduction of a vehicle, thinning and reducing the diameter of instrument panel reinforcements constituting a vehicle body may be mentioned. Another example is the use of aluminum as a material for instrument panel reinforcement and its peripheral parts. However, in view of strength, it is conceivable to use an iron member as a basic framework of instrument panel reinforcement and to connect an aluminum alloy bracket to the iron member. In this case, it is necessary to join different members such as iron and aluminum.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a method for joining two types of metal members. Specifically, a method is disclosed in which two types of metal members are joined by press-fitting and fixing a bar-like metal member in a hole portion of the metal member.

JP2013-241998A

  However, Patent Document 1 discloses only a joining method in which a rod-shaped member is press-fitted into a hole portion of another member and joined. On the other hand, it may be necessary to join a non-rod member (for example, a member having a plate-like portion) and another member. For example, the plate-like portion of the bracket may be joined to the instrument panel reinforcement. There is a problem that the joining method of Patent Document 1 cannot cope with such a case.

  The present disclosure is formed by joining a first member and a second member having a different type from the first member, and joining the first member and the second member. It aims at providing the novel manufacturing method of a joining member.

  One aspect of the present disclosure is a bonding method of bonding a first member and a second member that is different in type from the first member and has a lower yield point than the first member. The bonding method includes disposing the second member so as to overlap with the through hole. In the joining method, the first member and the second member are joined by pressurizing the second member with a punch, plastically deforming all or part of the second member and press-fitting the inside of the through hole. including.

According to such a structure, the novel joining method which joins the 1st member and the 2nd member from which the said 1st member differs in kind can be provided.
In one aspect of the present disclosure, the thickness of the portion pressed by the punch in the second member before being pressed by the punch may be thicker than the length of the through hole in the axial direction.

  According to such a configuration, when all or part of the second member is press-fitted into the through-hole using a punch, the second member is press-fitted into the through-hole without being divided. The part reaches the opposite side of the through hole, and a part of the second member coming out of the through hole is easily locked to the edge of the through hole. Therefore, it is possible to improve the joining force for joining the first member and the second member as compared with a configuration in which the thickness of the portion pressed by the punch in the second member is thinner than the axial length of the through hole. it can.

In one aspect of the present disclosure, the first member and the second member may be made of metal.
According to such a configuration, it is possible to provide a novel bonding method of bonding the first and second metal members.

In one aspect of the present disclosure, the first member may be made of an iron alloy. The second member may be made of an aluminum alloy.
According to such a structure, the joining member formed by joining the 1st member and the 2nd member can be reduced in weight compared with the case where both the 1st member and the 2nd member are made of iron alloys. .

In one aspect of the present disclosure, the first member may be a pipe. The through hole may be formed in a wall portion around the axial direction of the pipe.
According to such a configuration, the second member can be joined to a pipe-shaped member such as instrument panel reinforcement.

  In one aspect of the present disclosure, the first member and the second member are joined by pressurizing the second member with a punch, plastically deforming all or part of the second member and press-fitting the inside of the through hole. The forming may include forming a plane on the contact surface with the second member around the through hole in the first member.

  According to such a configuration, the contact between the first member and the second member is a surface contact. Therefore, compared with the case where the contact between the first member and the second member is a contact other than a surface contact such as a line contact, the second member with respect to the first member in a state where the first member and the second member are joined. The stability of the member can be improved.

In one aspect of the present disclosure, when the second member is pressed with a punch, the lower mold of the mold may not be used.
According to such a configuration, the manufacturing cost can be reduced as compared with the configuration using the lower mold.

  One aspect of the present disclosure is a method for manufacturing a joining member formed by joining a first member and a second member that is different in type from the first member and has a lower yield point than the first member. The manufacturing method includes disposing the second member so as to overlap with the through hole. Moreover, the said manufacturing method joins a 1st member and a 2nd member by pressurizing a 2nd member with a punch, plastically deforming all or one part of a 2nd member, and press-fitting in the inside of a through-hole. including.

  According to such a configuration, it is possible to provide a novel manufacturing method of a joined member formed by joining a first member and a second member different in type from the first member.

1A is a view showing a state before the second member is pressed with a punch, FIG. 1B is a view showing a state where the second member is pressed with a punch, and FIG. 1C is a view after pressing the second member with a punch It is a figure which shows a state. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the experimental equipment. It is a figure which shows the plane formed in the periphery of the through-hole in a 1st member. 4A is a view when the inner wall surface of the first member forming the through hole is a flat surface without inclination, and FIG. 4B is a view when the inner wall surface of the first member forming the through hole is a tapered surface. (1), FIG. 4C is a diagram (2) when the inner wall surface of the first member forming the through hole is a tapered surface, and FIG. 4D is a diagram illustrating the inner wall surface of the first member forming the through hole having a threaded portion. FIG. 4E is a view when the inner wall surface of the first member forming the through hole has a flat surface without an inclination and a tapered surface, and FIG. 4F is a first view of forming the through hole. It is a figure (2) in case the inner wall surface of a member has a flat surface without a slope, and a taper surface. FIG. 5A is a view showing the end of the punch in a shape having a chamfer, FIG. 5B is a view showing the end of the punch in a rounded shape, and FIG. FIG. 5D is a view showing a bobbin-shaped tip of the punch, and FIG. 5E is a view showing a mountain-shaped tip of the punch.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.
[1. Constitution]
The joining method shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C is a method of joining the first member 1 and the second member 2 that is different in type from the first member 1 and has a lower yield point than the first member 1. Moreover, the method shown to FIG. 1A-FIG. 1C is also a manufacturing method of the joining member 3 shown in FIG. 1C formed by joining the 1st member 1 and the 2nd member 2. FIG. In this embodiment, the joining member 3 is a member used for a vehicle body.

  The first member 1 is a member made of iron alloy. In the example shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C, the first member 1 is a tubular member, in other words, a pipe. 1A to 1C show cross-sectional views of the first member 1. In the present embodiment, the first member 1 is an instrumental reinforcement. Further, a through hole 11 a is formed in the wall portion 11 around the axial direction of the first member 1. In FIG. 1A, reference numeral 11b indicates the axial direction of the through hole 11a.

  The second member 2 is a member made of an aluminum alloy. That is, the second member 2 is a member having a smaller allowable stress than the first member 1. The second member 2 is a member having a smaller Young's modulus than the first member 1.

  The second member 2 has a plate-like portion 21. Here, the plate shape means a shape in which the dimension in the length direction and the width direction is larger than the dimension in the thickness direction, and the dimension in the thickness direction does not largely change as a whole. Further, the plate-like shape referred to here includes not only a planar shape on the outer surface (surface intersecting with the thickness direction) but also a curved shape. Further, not only the shape having a constant thickness but also a shape close to a constant (for example, one of the outer surfaces is a flat shape and the other is a curved shape) are also included in the plate shape. For example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape is also included in the plate shape referred to here. On the other hand, the rod shape is not included in the plate shape here. The 2nd member 2 is a bracket joined to the 1st member 1 which is instrument panel reinforcement.

  The wall portion 11 of the first member 1 and the plate-like portion 21 of the second member 2 have different thicknesses. Specifically, the thickness of the wall portion 11 is smaller than that of the plate-like portion 21. That is, the thickness of the second member 2 having a low yield point is larger than that of the first member 1 having a high yield point.

The bonding method shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C includes a lower hole forming step, an arranging step, and a pressing step.
In the lower hole forming step, a through hole 11 a is formed in the wall portion 11 of the first member 1. In the present embodiment, the through holes 11a are round holes. Further, the inner wall surface of the first member 1 forming the through hole 11a is a flat surface without an inclination as shown in FIG. 4A.

  In the disposing step, as shown in FIG. 1A, the plate-like portion 21 of the second member 2 is disposed at a position overlapping the through hole 11 a provided in the first member 1. That is, the second member 2 is disposed on the first member 1 so as to block the through hole 11a by the plate-like portion 21.

  In the pressurizing step, the second member 2 is pressed from the side opposite to the first member 1 using the punch 4. Specifically, in the plate-like portion 21 of the second member 2, the portion closing the through hole 11 a is pressurized by the punch 4. In this way, pressure is applied from the second member 2 side having a low yield point.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5A, the tip portion of the punch 4 has a shape having a flat surface 41 formed at the tip and a chamfered portion 42 formed around the flat surface 41. 5A and FIGS. 5B to 5E described later are views of the punch viewed from the side (in other words, an enlarged view of the tip of the punch 4 in FIGS. 1A to 1C).

  In the bonding method shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C, the punch 4 has the same outer diameter as the inner diameter of the through hole 11a. By processing with the punch 4, a pressurized portion of the plate-like portion 21 of the second member 2 is plastically deformed and pressed into the through hole 11 a. Then, the pressed-in part is pressurized until it comes out from the opposite side of the through hole 11a. In the joining method shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C, the punch 4 is stopped before its tip reaches the through hole 11a. That is, the tip of the punch 4 is processed so as not to enter the through hole 11a.

  When the plate-like portion 21 is plastically deformed and press-fitted into the through-hole 11a, a part of the press-fitted plate-like portion 21 tends to expand in the through-hole 11a, and the through-hole is formed on the inner wall surface forming the through-hole 11a. A force A is added to try to spread 11a. And this force A and the force B by the elastic deformation which maintains the shape and magnitude | size of the through-hole 11a of the 1st member 1 with a high yield point balance, and the 1st member 1 and 2nd A bonding force for bonding the member 2 is generated. That is, in the joining method shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C, the force acting on the members 1 and 2 during processing seems to be in the elastic deformation region of the first member 1 and in the plastic deformation region of the second member 2. Processing is performed.

  Moreover, in the joining method shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C, a part of the pressed plate-like portion 21 passes through the through hole 11 a, exits from the opposite side of the through hole 11 a, spreads outward, and slightly penetrates the through hole 11 a. Locked to the edge. For this reason, the 2nd member 2 becomes difficult to peel from the 1st member 1.

  Further, in the bonding method shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C, the lower mold of the mold is not used. Here, the lower mold means a lower mold that is disposed inside the second member 2 that is a pipe, and does not include a lower mold that supports the second member 2 from the outside.

[2. Experimental result]
Next, the experimental result regarding the joining method of this indication is demonstrated using FIG.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the experimental equipment. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the first member 5 and the second member 6 are both plate-shaped. The materials of the first member 5 and the second member 6 are the same as those shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C. That is, the first member 5 is made of iron alloy. The second member 6 is made of an aluminum alloy. Further, as in the example shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C, the second member 6 having a lower yield point is thicker than the first member 5. Further, in FIG. 2, L 1 is the outer diameter of the punch 7, L 2 is the inner diameter of the through hole 51 a, and L 3 is the distance between the two support members 8 that support the first member 1. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the outer diameter L <b> 1 of the punch 7 and the inner diameter L <b> 2 of the through hole 51 a formed in the first member 1 are the same diameter.

In the example illustrated in FIG. 2, the shape of the second member 6 is different from the example illustrated in FIGS. 1A to 1C, but the first member 5 and the second member 6 are joined in the same manner as in FIGS. 1A to 1C.
The correlation between the push-in amount of the second member 6 and the bondability was examined using the experimental equipment of FIG. The amount of pressing of the second member 6 here is the axial direction of the through hole 51a at the depth of a part of the second member 6 (the length of the axial direction 51b of the through hole 51a) press-fitted into the through hole 51a. It is a ratio to the length of 51b. When a part of the second member 6 is pushed into the middle of the through hole 51a, the amount of pushing becomes less than 100%. On the other hand, when a part of the second member 6 is pushed into the through hole 51a and comes out from the opposite side of the through hole 51a, the pushing amount becomes larger than 100%. As a result of the experiment, when the pushing amount (inflow amount) of the second member 6 is 100% or more, the first member 5 and the second member 6 are more firmly joined than when the pushing amount is less than 100%. It turns out that

  On the other hand, the correlation between the pushing amount of the second member 6 and the shear load was examined using the experimental equipment of FIG. The shear load here is a direction parallel to a plane perpendicular to the pushing direction (vertical direction in FIG. 2) of the second member 6 in a state in which the first member 5 and the second member 6 are joined (left and right in FIG. 2). Shear load applied to the In addition, the shape (target shape) of the 1st member 5 and the 2nd member 6 at the time of a shear load measurement is a shape as shown to FIG. 1C. That is, in a state where a part of the second member 6 is pressed into the through hole 51 a of the first member 5, the measurement of the shear load is performed.

As a result of the experiment, it is understood that the shear load increases initially when the amount of indentation of the second member 6 is increased, and the shear load starts to decrease when the amount of indentation exceeds a predetermined value less than 100%.
[3. effect]
According to the embodiment described above, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) According to the joining method shown in FIG. 1A to FIG. 1C, the first member 1 and the second member 2 having a plate-like portion 21 having a different yield point and a different type from the first member are joined. A simple bonding method can be provided.

  (2) In the joining method shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C, a joining material other than the first member 1 and the second member 2 such as a screw is used to join the first member 1 and the second member 2. Not. Therefore, compared with a joining method using other joining materials such as screws, the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the weight can be reduced.

  (3) In the joining method shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C, the thickness of the portion pressed by the punch 4 in the second member 2 before being pressed by the punch 4 is greater than the length of the through hole 11a in the axial direction 11b. Also thick. Therefore, when a part of the second member 2 is press-fitted into the through-hole 11a using the punch 4, the second member 2 press-fitted into the through-hole 11a is not divided. It is easy to reach the opposite side of the through hole 11a. And a part of 2nd member 2 which came out of penetration hole 11a is easy to be latched by the edge of penetration hole 11a. Therefore, the joining force that joins the first member 1 and the second member 2 as compared with the configuration in which the thickness of the portion pressed by the punch 4 in the second member 2 is thinner than the axial length of the through hole 11a. Can be improved.

  (4) In the example shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C and FIG. 2, the first members 1 and 5 and the second members 2 and 6 are made of metal. Therefore, the novel joining method which joins metal 1st member 1 and 5 and 2nd members 2 and 6 can be provided.

  (5) In the example shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C and FIG. 2, the first members 1 and 5 are made of iron alloy, and the second members 2 and 6 are made of aluminum alloy. Therefore, the joining member formed by joining the first member and the second member can be reduced in weight compared to the case where the first member and the second member are both made of an iron alloy.

  (6) In the joining method shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C, the first member 1 is a pipe, and the through hole 11a is formed on the side surface of the pipe. Therefore, the second member 2 can be joined to the pipe-shaped first member 1 such as instrument panel reinforcement.

  (7) In the bonding method shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C, when pressing the plate-like portion 21 with the punch 4, the lower mold of the mold is not used. Therefore, the manufacturing cost can be reduced as compared with the configuration using the lower mold.

[4. Other embodiments]
As mentioned above, although the form for implementing this indication was demonstrated, this indication is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and can carry out various modifications.

  (1) The 1st member and the 2nd member are not restricted to the thing of the above-mentioned embodiment. For example, the combination of materials of the first member and the second member may be a combination of metals other than iron alloy and aluminum alloy. For example, the first member may be made of stainless steel and the second member may be made of iron alloy. In addition, at least one of the first member and the second member may not be made of metal. For example, at least one of the first member and the second member may be made of resin. Also in this case, the first member and the second member are materials having relatively high toughness.

  (2) As in the joining method shown in FIG. 3, when the second member 10 is pressurized, the plate-like portion of the second member 10 around the through hole 91a in the first member 9 that is a pipe by the force at the time of the pressurization. A flat surface 92 may be formed on the contact surface with 101.

  Thus, when the flat surface 92 is formed around the through hole 91a, the contact between the first member 9 and the second member 10 becomes surface contact. Therefore, compared with the case where the contact between the first member 9 and the second member 10 is a contact other than a surface contact such as a line contact, the first member 9 and the second member 10 are joined in the first state. The change of the relative position of the second member 10 to the member 9 can be suppressed. That is, the stability of the second member 2 with respect to the first member 9 can be improved in the joined state. The plane 92 is not limited to a plane in a strict sense, and may not be a plane strictly as long as an intended effect can be obtained.

(3) In the said embodiment, although the round hole was illustrated as a through-hole, a through-hole is not restricted to this. The through hole may be, for example, a square hole, or a hole of another shape other than a round hole and a square hole.
(4) The shape of the inner wall surface of the first member forming the through hole is not limited to the shape of the above embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG. 4B, the inner wall surface has a through hole whose diameter increases toward the side on which the second member is press-fitted (the side on which the second member is disposed; the upper side in FIGS. 4A to 4F). It may be a tapered surface. For example, as shown in FIG. 4C, the inner wall surface may be a tapered surface in which the diameter of the through hole decreases toward the side where the second member is press-fitted. Moreover, as shown to FIG. 4D, the said inner wall surface may have the thread part 51 which has a thread groove and a thread. Also, as shown in FIG. 4E, the inner wall faces from the side where the second member is press-fitted to the opposite side (from the upper side to the lower side of FIG. The taper surface 62 in which the diameter of the through hole expands may have a continuous shape. Further, as shown in FIG. 4F, the inner wall surface includes a tapered surface 63 in which the diameter of the through hole is reduced from the side on which the second member is press-fitted to the opposite side, and a flat surface without inclination. And 64 may have a continuous shape.

  (5) In the above embodiment, the punch 4 may have an outer diameter that is larger or smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 11a. When the punch 4 has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 11a, the tip of the punch 4 may enter the through hole 11a when the second member 2 is pressurized. However, when the outer diameter of the punch 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 11a, when the second member 2 is pressed into the through hole 11a, the second member 2 sufficiently abuts on the inner wall surface of the through hole 11a. Without this, the bonding strength may be weak. Therefore, when making the outer diameter of the punch 4 smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 11a, it is desirable to make the outer diameter of the punch 4 slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 11a.

  (6) The shape of the punch is not limited to the shape of the above embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG. 5B, the tip of the punch may be rounded. Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 5C, the tip of the punch has a convex shape, in other words, a small diameter portion 71 having a constant diameter and a constant diameter that is larger than the small diameter portion 71 and continuous to the small diameter portion 71. The shape having the large-diameter portion 72 may be used. Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 5D, the tip of the punch has a bobbin shape, in other words, a flat portion 81 formed at the tip, and a part of the punch in the axial direction in the vicinity of the flat portion 81. And a necked portion 82 having a shape that is recessed radially inward over the entire surface. Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 5E, the tip of the punch has a chevron shape, in other words, a flat portion 91 formed at the tip, and a curve that is continuous with the flat portion 91 and gradually increases in diameter. It may have a shape having a portion 92.

  (7) In the bonding method shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C, the bonding strength between the first member and the second member may be improved by low temperature processing. That is, when the second member, which is a member having a lower yield point, can be pressed even at a low temperature, the second member is processed at a low temperature, so that when the temperature of the second member returns to room temperature after the processing, The volume of the two members expands. You may improve the joining force of a 1st member and a 2nd member using the force which the volume of this 2nd member expands.

(8) In the bonding method shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C, the lower mold of the mold may be used.
(9) When the first member and the second member are both flat plates as in the example shown in FIG. 2, an adhesive is used together to join the first member and the second member, and the joining method of the present disclosure is performed. It may be used as a temporary fix until the adhesive cures. Such a joining method can be used for joining vehicle body parts, for example.

  (10) The second member has, for example, a cylindrical wall portion such as a pipe, or a wall portion extending in the axial direction and having a U-shaped cross section perpendicular to the axial direction. It may be a member. And by pressurizing these wall parts with a punch, a part of these wall parts may be press-fitted in the through hole of the first member. Also in this case, a part of the plate-like portion of the wall portion of the second member is press-fit into the through hole.

  Moreover, the member used for vehicles other than an instrument panel reinforcement and a bracket may be sufficient as a 1st member and a 2nd member. In particular, the first member may be a member other than a pipe. The first and second members may be members used for objects other than vehicles.

  (11) A plurality of functions of one constituent element in the above embodiment may be realized by a plurality of constituent elements, or a single function of one constituent element may be realized by a plurality of constituent elements. . Also, a plurality of functions possessed by a plurality of components may be realized by one component, or one function realized by a plurality of components may be realized by one component. In addition, part of the configuration of the above embodiment may be omitted. In addition, at least a part of the configuration of the above-described embodiment may be added to or replaced with the configuration of the other above-described embodiment. In addition, all the aspects included in the technical idea specified by the wording described in the claims are embodiments of the present disclosure.

1, 5, 9 ... first member, 1 ... member, 2, 6, 10 ... second member, 3 ... joining member,
4, 7 ... Punches, 11 ... Walls, 11a, 71a, 91a ... Through holes, 21 ... Plates.

Claims (8)

A joining method for joining a first member and a second member having a different kind from the first member and having a lower yield point than the first member,
Arranging the second member so as to overlap with the through hole formed in the first member;
Pressurizing the second member with a punch, plastically deforming all or part of the second member, and press-fitting the inside of the through hole, thereby joining the first member and the second member; ,
Joining method including. The bonding method according to claim 1,
The joining method, wherein a thickness of the portion pressed by the punch in the second member before being pressed by the punch is thicker than an axial length of the through hole. The bonding method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
The joining method, wherein the first member and the second member are made of metal. The bonding method according to claim 3,
The first member is made of iron alloy,
The joining method, wherein the second member is made of an aluminum alloy. It is the joining method of any one of Claim 1 to Claim 4, Comprising:
The first member is a pipe,
The said through-hole is a joining method formed in the wall part around the axial direction of the said pipe. A joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein
Pressing the second member with a punch, plastically deforming all or a part of the second member and press-fitting the inside of the through hole to join the first member and the second member ,
Forming a plane on the contact surface with the second member in the vicinity of the through hole in the first member. A joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein
A method of bonding according to which a lower die of a mold is not used when pressing said second member with said punch. A method of manufacturing a joining member formed by joining a first member and a second member having a different kind from the first member and having a lower yield point than the first member,
Arranging the second member so as to overlap with the through hole formed in the first member;
Bonding the first member and the second member by pressing the second member with a punch, plastically deforming all or a part of the second member, and press-fitting the inside of the through hole; ,
A manufacturing method of the above-mentioned joined member containing.