JP2019100437A - Lamination rubber bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a lamination rubber bearing of which configuration is simple and less-expensive and capable of realizing a long cycle formation of an object to be mounted through low rigidity in view of its horizontal rigidity while holding a stable supporting function against a vertical load.SOLUTION: This invention relates to a lamination rubber bearing 1 arranged between an upper structure and a lower structure to be mounted, including: a cylindrical lamination body 5 in which several rubber layers 9 and several rigid layers 10 are alternatively laminated in a vertical direction and at the same time having upper and lower openings 5a, 5b released upward and downward, respectively; an upper tight closing 6 and a lower tight closing plate 7 in which each the upper and lower openings 5a, 5b of the lamination body 5 is tightly closed and a liquid-tight fluid chamber 8 is defined inside the lamination body 5, and being connected to each of the upper structure and the lower structure: and predetermined low viscosity fluid F filled in the fluid chamber 8 and sealed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a laminated rubber bearing provided as a seismic isolation device or the like in a structure such as a building, and more particularly to a laminated rubber bearing intended to reduce horizontal rigidity.

  The laminated rubber bearing is a laminated rubber in which a plurality of rubber plates and a plurality of steel plates are alternately laminated to obtain a high supporting function against vertical load, and it is flexibly deformed against horizontal load due to low horizontal rigidity, By lengthening the cycle, the seismic isolation function is exhibited. In addition, laminated rubber bearings are also used in TMD (Tuned Mass Damper) mechanisms installed on the roof of buildings, etc. In this case, the TMD mechanism is made longer and natural frequencies of additional vibration systems including TMD mechanisms are used as buildings. The vibration control function of the TMD mechanism is exhibited by synchronizing with the natural frequency of.

  On the other hand, long period vibration of a super high rise building due to a huge earthquake is assumed, and it is required to further extend the period of the building and the TMD mechanism. In contrast, the current laminated rubber bearings consisted of two-tiered stacks in which the total thickness of the rubber was increased when using G3 laminated rubber with the lowest shear modulus as the laminated rubber, or when used for TMD mechanisms. Even in this case, since the rubber bearing has a certain level of horizontal rigidity or more, there is a limit to sufficiently prolonging the period of a building or the like only by the laminated rubber bearing. In addition, in the case where the above-described laminated rubber is configured by two-stage stacking, buckling easily occurs with respect to the vertical load. For this reason, in addition to the laminated rubber bearing, a combination of a low friction sliding bearing and a rolling bearing having a very small coefficient of friction is conventionally performed, as disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1.

  This patent document 1 relates to a seismic isolation device for a building. In this seismic isolation system, a laminated rubber bearing having a normal configuration and a sliding bearing having the following configuration are used in combination between the upper structure and the lower structure of a building. The sliding bearing has the same height as the laminated rubber bearing, and the upper and lower members fixed to the upper and lower structures of the building, the sliding plate fixed to the lower member, the upper and lower members Between the vertical rigidity adjustment unit and the horizontal rigidity adjustment unit for adjusting the vertical rigidity and the horizontal rigidity, and fixed to the lower end of the horizontal rigidity There is. The vertical rigidity adjusting unit and the horizontal rigidity adjusting unit each have laminated rubber having the same configuration as that of the laminated rubber bearing. In addition, the vertical rigidity adjusting unit is provided with a shear pin for restricting the movement of its own laminated rubber.

Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2017-9063

  The above-mentioned conventional seismic isolation device combines a laminated rubber bearing and a sliding bearing, and the sliding bearing has a very large number of components as described above, compared to the laminated rubber bearing, The construction is complicated and expensive. This applies generally to existing low friction sliding bearings and rolling bearings. In addition, low friction sliding bearings and rolling bearings do not operate until their friction force (coefficient of friction × supporting load) exceeds the horizontal load, and they do not exhibit synchronization effects when applied to seismic isolation effects or TMD mechanisms. It can not be used effectively for small and medium earthquakes with small input.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and has a simple and inexpensive configuration, as well as an object to be installed by reducing horizontal rigidity while maintaining a stable supporting function against vertical load. It is an object of the present invention to provide a laminated rubber bearing capable of realizing a long cycle.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a laminated rubber support provided between an upper structure and a lower structure to be installed, wherein a plurality of rubber layers and a plurality of rigid layers are vertically arranged. A tubular laminated body having upper and lower openings opened respectively upward and downward while alternately laminated, and the upper and lower openings of the laminated body are respectively sealed to define a fluid-tight fluid chamber inside the laminated body And an upper sealing plate and a lower sealing plate respectively connected to the upper structure and the lower structure, and a predetermined low-viscosity fluid filled and sealed in the fluid chamber.

  The laminated rubber support according to the present invention is provided between the upper structure and the lower structure to be installed, and includes a cylindrical laminate in which a plurality of rubber layers and a plurality of rigid layers are alternately stacked in the vertical direction. Further, upper and lower sealing plates are provided to seal the upper and lower openings of the laminate and define a fluid-tight fluid chamber inside the laminate, and the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate are to be installed. Connected to the upper and lower structures of the Furthermore, the fluid chamber is filled with and sealed with a predetermined low viscosity fluid.

  According to the laminated rubber support of the above configuration, the low viscosity fluid is filled and sealed in the fluid chamber inside the laminate defined by the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate, so that the vertical load (axial force When it acts, the low viscosity fluid behaves integrally with the laminate and the upper and lower sealing plates by being restrained. Thereby, high vertical rigidity is maintained as the whole laminated rubber bearing, and a high supporting function can be exhibited with respect to vertical load.

  In addition, since the laminate is cylindrical, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber to the cross-sectional area (horizontal cross-sectional area) of the entire laminated rubber bearing combining the laminate and the fluid chamber is relatively high. The low viscosity of the enclosed low viscosity fluid realizes a reduction in the horizontal rigidity of the laminated rubber bearing. As a result, when a horizontal load acts on the laminated rubber support at the time of earthquake, etc., the laminated rubber support is softly and largely deformed in the horizontal direction, thereby achieving a longer period of installation object such as a building, etc. You can get features and more.

  Further, as a result of realizing the reduction of the horizontal rigidity as described above, it is possible to reduce the relative length in the vertical direction with respect to the horizontal length of the laminated rubber bearing, whereby horizontal deformation is achieved. Even if the amount is large, the installation object can be safely supported without causing buckling to the vertical load.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the laminated rubber bearing according to claim 1, the low viscosity fluid has a Poisson's ratio equivalent to that of the rubber layer of the laminate.

  According to this configuration, since the low viscosity fluid has a Poisson's ratio equivalent to that of the rubber layer of the laminate, the deformation characteristics of the laminate and the low viscosity fluid when vertical load or horizontal load is applied to the laminated rubber bearing The difference is smaller. As a result, the generation of internal stress due to the difference in deformation characteristics and the like are suppressed, and the integrity between the laminate and the low viscosity fluid is enhanced, whereby the above-mentioned high vertical rigidity and low horizontal rigidity are better obtained. Therefore, the support function of the vertical load by the high vertical rigidity and the long cycle of the installation object by the low horizontal rigidity can be realized better.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the laminated rubber bearing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the horizontal deformation which is disposed in the fluid chamber and is a relative displacement between the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate in the horizontal direction is The apparatus is characterized by further comprising a deformation suppressing mechanism that operates when reaching a predetermined amount and suppresses a further increase in horizontal deformation.

  According to this configuration, the deformation suppressing mechanism is disposed in the fluid chamber. Since the deformation suppressing mechanism does not operate until the horizontal deformation amount which is the relative displacement amount in the horizontal direction between the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate reaches a predetermined amount, the low horizontal rigidity of the laminated rubber bearing is maintained. In the same manner as in claim 1 or 2, it is possible to obtain an effect such as an increase in the period of installation. On the other hand, when the amount of horizontal deformation reaches a predetermined amount, the deformation suppression mechanism operates to suppress a further increase in the amount of horizontal deformation. Thereby, excessive horizontal deformation of the laminated rubber bearing can be prevented, and adverse effects due to excessive horizontal deformation, for example, buckling against a vertical load can be avoided.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the laminated rubber bearing according to claim 3, wherein the deformation suppressing mechanism is provided at a position adjacent to the laminated body of the lower sealing plate, and an annular contact portion protruding upward, and an upper end A portion connected to the upper sealing plate, extending downward inside the fluid chamber, and having a stopper that abuts on the contact portion of the lower sealing plate when the amount of horizontal deformation reaches a predetermined amount.

  According to this configuration, the deformation suppressing mechanism has the annular contact portion provided on the lower sealing plate, and the stopper whose upper end is connected to the upper sealing plate and extends downward in the fluid chamber The stopper abuts on the abutment when the amount reaches a predetermined amount. As a result, the stop function by the stopper suppresses a further increase in the amount of horizontal deformation, and can prevent excessive horizontal deformation of the laminated rubber bearing.

  The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the laminated rubber bearing according to claim 4, the stopper is made of a predetermined metal material that can be plastically deformed by contact with the contact portion of the lower sealing plate. I assume.

  According to this configuration, the stopper is made of a predetermined metal material, and is plastically deformed by coming into contact with the contact portion of the lower sealing plate. By the energy being absorbed by the plasticization of the stopper, the amount of horizontal deformation can be further suppressed. In addition, since the stopper is always immersed in the low-viscosity fluid in the fluid chamber, it is possible to cool the stopper, which rises in temperature as energy is absorbed by the plasticization, with the low-viscosity fluid. Thereby, it is possible to well suppress the reduction of the damping performance due to the temperature rise of the stopper accompanying the energy absorption when the vibrational energy acts repeatedly, using the low viscosity fluid.

  The invention according to claim 6 is the laminated rubber bearing according to claim 4, wherein the deformation suppressing mechanism is placed on the contact portion of the lower sealing plate, and further includes an annular friction plate attached in a predetermined tightening state. And the friction plate slides within a predetermined range with respect to the contact portion by being pressed by the stopper that abuts when the horizontal deformation amount reaches a second predetermined amount smaller than the predetermined amount. It is characterized in that

  According to this configuration, the deformation suppressing mechanism further includes an annular friction plate, and the friction plate is mounted on the contact portion of the lower sealing plate and attached in a predetermined tightening state. Then, when the horizontal deformation amount reaches a second predetermined amount smaller than the predetermined amount, the stopper abuts on the friction plate and presses the friction plate so that the friction plate is within a predetermined range with respect to the contact portion. Slide. As a result, a frictional force (frictional resistance) is generated between the friction plate and the contact portion, and energy is absorbed by the frictional force, whereby the amount of horizontal deformation can be further suppressed. In addition, the low-viscosity fluid can cool the stopper, which rises in temperature as energy is absorbed by this frictional force. Therefore, the low-viscosity fluid is used to reduce the frictional force due to the rise in temperature of the stopper when vibrational energy acts repeatedly. Can be suppressed well.

  The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that, in the laminated rubber bearing according to claim 4, the stopper includes an elastic body that can be expanded and contracted in the vertical direction and a sliding member disposed on the lower end surface, and the abutment of the lower sealing plate The portion is inclined diagonally upward toward the radial direction, and has an inclined surface with which the sliding member of the stopper abuts when the amount of horizontal deformation reaches a predetermined amount.

  According to this configuration, when the amount of horizontal deformation reaches a predetermined amount, the sliding member disposed on the lower end surface of the stopper contacts the inclined surface of the contact portion of the lower sealing plate, and the amount of horizontal deformation increases. As the sliding member receives the reaction force of the compressed elastic body, it slides obliquely upward on the inclined surface. As a result, a frictional force is generated between the sliding member and the inclined surface, and energy is absorbed by the frictional force, whereby the amount of horizontal deformation can be suppressed. In addition, the low-viscosity fluid can cool the stopper, which rises in temperature as energy is absorbed by this frictional force. Therefore, the low-viscosity fluid is used to reduce the frictional force due to the rise in temperature of the stopper when vibrational energy acts repeatedly. Can be suppressed well.

  The invention according to claim 8 is the laminated rubber bearing according to claim 3, wherein the deformation suppressing mechanism has a fluid damper disposed in the fluid chamber, and the fluid damper is provided on one of the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate. The cylinder is connected to the other of the connected cylinder and the other of the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate, is slidably provided in the cylinder, and divides the inside of the cylinder into the first fluid chamber and the second fluid chamber, and the amount of horizontal deformation is A piston located in a predetermined inner section including a neutral position when the amount is less than a predetermined amount, and a piston positioned outside the inner portion when the horizontal deformation amount is a predetermined amount or more, and an operation filled in the first and second fluid chambers It is characterized by having a fluid and a communicating passage which makes the first and second fluid chambers communicate with each other so as to bypass the piston when the piston is located in the inner section.

  In this configuration, the deformation suppression mechanism includes a fluid damper disposed in the fluid chamber, and the fluid damper includes the cylinder, the piston, the working fluid, and the communication passage as described above. According to this fluid damper, when the laminated rubber bearing is deformed in the horizontal direction, the piston is neutral with respect to the cylinder by changing the distance between the connecting portion of the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate to which the cylinder and the piston are connected. Sliding from the position, the working fluid filled in one of the first and second fluid chambers defined on both sides of the piston is compressed.

  When the horizontal deformation amount is less than the predetermined amount, the piston is positioned in the predetermined inner section, whereby the first and second fluid chambers communicate with each other by the communication passage, and the working fluid flows through the communication passage. It flows from one side of the second fluid chamber to the other and the pressure is released. As a result, in this state, only a small viscous drag is generated by the flow of the working fluid, so the low horizontal rigidity of the laminated rubber bearing is maintained.

  On the other hand, when the amount of horizontal deformation exceeds a predetermined amount, the piston is positioned outside the inner section, whereby the flow of the working fluid via the communication passage is blocked and the working fluid is confined in one of the first and second fluid chambers. Be As a result, the pressure in one of the fluid chambers rapidly rises, and movement of the piston is prevented, whereby a further increase in the amount of horizontal deformation can be suppressed and excessive horizontal deformation of the laminated rubber bearing can be prevented. .

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a laminated rubber bearing according to a first embodiment of the present invention partially cut away. It is sectional drawing of the laminated rubber bearing by 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the restoring force characteristic (the relationship between horizontal deformation amount and horizontal resistance force) of the laminated rubber bearing of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the laminated rubber bearing by 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the operation | movement of the laminated rubber bearing of FIG. It is a figure which shows the restoring force characteristic of the laminated rubber bearing of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the laminated rubber bearing by the 1st modification of 2nd Embodiment. It is a top view of the friction ring used for the laminated rubber bearing of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the operation | movement of the laminated rubber bearing of FIG. It is a figure which shows the restoring force characteristic of the laminated rubber bearing of FIG. It is a top view of a friction ring different from FIG. It is a figure which shows the restoring force characteristic of the laminated rubber bearing of FIG. 7 at the time of using the friction ring of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the laminated rubber bearing by the 2nd modification of 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the laminated rubber bearing by 3rd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The laminated rubber bearing 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is installed, for example, as a seismic isolation device between the upper structure of a high-rise building and the lower structure such as the ground (neither is shown) It is

  As shown in FIG. 1, the laminated rubber bearing 1 is composed of a columnar laminate unit 2 and rectangular upper and lower flange steel plates 3, 3 fixed to the upper and lower sides of the laminate unit 2 for mounting on a building. The surface of the laminate unit 2 which is configured is covered with a covering rubber 4 for protection. For convenience of illustration, reference numerals of components in detail are omitted in FIG. 1, and hatching of components of the covering rubber 4 and details is omitted in a sectional view to be described later.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the laminate unit 2 includes a cylindrical laminate 5, an upper sealing plate 6 and a lower sealing plate 7 for sealing the upper and lower sides of the laminate 5, and a fluid chamber 8 in the laminate 5. The low viscosity fluid F etc. which were enclosed are provided.

  The laminated body 5 is formed by alternately laminating a plurality of natural rubber layers 9 and a plurality of intermediate steel plates 10 in the vertical direction, as in a conventional laminated rubber bearing. The laminate 5 has upper and lower openings 5a and 5b opened upward and downward, respectively, and is formed in a short cylindrical shape which is short in the vertical direction as a whole. A relatively thick annular connecting steel plate 11 is fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of the laminated body 5, respectively.

  The upper and lower sealing plates 6 and 7 are respectively made of steel plates and have the same thickness as the connecting steel plates 11 and an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the connecting steel plates 11. The upper sealing plate 6 is inserted into the upper connecting steel plate 11 through the seal member 12, and the sealing ring 13 is attached to the boundary between the upper sealing plate 6 and the laminate 5 and the connecting steel plate 11, Thus, the upper opening 5 a of the laminate 5 is sealed by the upper sealing plate 6.

  Similarly, the lower sealing plate 7 is inserted into the lower connecting steel plate 11 via the sealing material 12, and the sealing ring 13 is attached to the boundary between the lower sealing plate 7 and the laminate 5 and the connecting steel plate 11. Thus, the lower opening 5 b of the laminate 5 is sealed by the lower sealing plate 7. According to the above configuration, the upper sealing plate 6 and the lower sealing plate 7 define a fluid-tight fluid chamber 8 inside the laminated body 5.

  The low viscosity fluid F is filled in the fluid chamber 8 in a filled state. The low-viscosity fluid F preferably has a viscosity as low as possible, and preferably has a Poisson's ratio (eg, 0.49) equivalent to that of the rubber constituting the natural rubber layer 9 of the laminate 5, and is made of, for example, water .

  The upper and lower flange steel plates 3 are fixed to the connecting steel plates 11 of the laminate unit 2 by a plurality of bolts 14. The laminated rubber bearing 1 having the above configuration is fixed to the upper structure and the lower structure of the building by bolts (not shown) passed through the bolt holes 3a of the flanged steel plates 3, and installed between the two.

  According to the laminated rubber bearing 1 having the above configuration, the low viscosity fluid F is filled and sealed in the fluid chamber 8 in the laminate 5 defined by the upper sealing plate 6 and the lower sealing plate 7, When a vertical load (axial force) acts, the low viscosity fluid F behaves integrally with the laminated body 5 and the upper and lower sealing plates 6 and 7 by being restrained. Further, since the low viscosity fluid F has a Poisson's ratio equivalent to that of the rubber layer of the laminate 5, the difference in deformation characteristics between the laminate 5 and the low viscosity fluid F when a vertical load acts on the laminate rubber bearing 1 is It becomes smaller. Thereby, the generation of internal stress and the like due to the difference in deformation characteristics is suppressed, and the integrity of the laminate 5 and the low viscosity fluid F is enhanced. By the above, high vertical rigidity is maintained as the laminated rubber bearing 1 as a whole, and a high supporting function can be exhibited with respect to vertical load.

  Further, since the laminate 5 is cylindrical, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber 8 to the cross-sectional area (horizontal cross-sectional area) of the entire laminate unit 2 including the laminate 5 and the fluid chamber 8 is relatively high. And, since the viscosity of the low-viscosity fluid F enclosed in the fluid chamber 8 is very low, the horizontal rigidity of the laminated rubber bearing 1 can be reduced. As a result, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, when a horizontal load acts on the laminated rubber bearing 1 at the time of earthquake or the like, a large horizontal deformation (upper sealing plate 6 and lower sealing plate) in a state where horizontal resistance force FH is small The horizontal relative displacement between them and 7) DH is obtained, and the laminated rubber bearing 1 is softly and largely deformed in the horizontal direction. Thereby, the long cycle of the building can be realized, and a higher seismic isolation function can be exhibited.

  Moreover, as a result of realizing low rigidity of horizontal rigidity as described above, the laminate unit 2 is formed in a short cylindrical shape, and the relative length in the vertical direction to the length in the horizontal direction of the laminated rubber bearing 1 It is possible to reduce the size, whereby the building can be safely supported without causing buckling to the vertical load even when the horizontal deformation amount DH is large.

  Next, a laminated rubber bearing 21 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6. As is clear from the comparison with FIG. 2, the laminated rubber bearing 21 is a stopper / energy absorbing mechanism 22 as a deformation suppressing mechanism for suppressing the excessive deformation of the laminated rubber bearing 1 of the first embodiment. Is added. Hereinafter, components of the laminated rubber bearing 21 in common with the first embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals in FIG. 4 and with the configuration of the stopper and energy absorbing mechanism 22 as the center.

  The stopper and energy absorbing mechanism 22 is provided with a stopper 23, and the connecting steel plate 24 and the abutting steel plate 25 are integrally provided at both ends thereof. The stopper 23 is made of a predetermined metal material capable of plastic deformation, for example, lead or tin generally used as a metal plug of a laminated rubber bearing, and is formed in a thick rod shape.

  Each of the connecting steel plate 24 and the abutting steel plate 25 is formed of a relatively thick disc having a diameter larger than that of the stopper 23. The connecting steel plate 24 is fitted into a recess 6a formed at the center of the lower surface of the upper sealing plate 6 via the sealing member 26, and is fixed to the upper sealing plate 6 by a bolt 27. Thereby, the stopper 23 has an upper end The part is connected to the upper sealing plate 6 via the connecting steel plate 24 and extends downward in the fluid chamber 8.

  On the other hand, on the upper surface of the lower sealing plate 7, a circular recess 7a is formed concentrically over almost the entire surface, and the abutting steel plate 25 partially enters the recess 7a. Further, the remaining portion of the lower sealing plate 7 in which the concave portion 7a is not formed is an annular contact portion 7b projecting upward, and in the neutral position shown in FIG. A gap of a predetermined amount G is formed between the inner circumferential surface of the contact portion 7 b and the inner circumferential surface.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the operation of the laminated rubber bearing 21 of the above configuration will be described. First, when a horizontal load acts on the laminated rubber support 21 in the right direction of FIG. 5 for example, the laminate unit 2 deforms in the same direction from the neutral position (horizontal deformation amount DH = 0) shown in FIG. The stopper 23 only moves in the low viscosity fluid F in the fluid chamber 8 until the horizontal deformation amount DH reaches the predetermined amount G which is the size of the gap, and the viscosity resistance thereby is very small. Therefore, low horizontal rigidity substantially the same as that of the laminated rubber bearing 1 of the first embodiment described above is obtained (point a to point b in FIG. 6), and the long period of the building is realized, thereby providing high seismic isolation function. Can be demonstrated.

  When the horizontal deformation amount DH reaches a predetermined amount G, the abutting steel plate 25 abuts on the abutting portion 7b (FIG. 5 (b)), movement of the abutting steel plate 25 is blocked, and the horizontal deformation is caused by its stop function. The quantity DH is suppressed (point b to point c in FIG. 6). When the horizontal deformation amount DH further increases, the stopper 23 made of lead or tin is plastically deformed (FIG. 5 (c), points c to d in FIG. 6), and energy is absorbed by the plasticization of the stopper 23 The horizontal deformation amount DH is further suppressed. As described above, the horizontal deformation amount DH is suppressed in two steps by the stop function of the stopper 23 and the energy absorption function by plasticization, so that excessive horizontal deformation of the laminated rubber support 21 can be prevented.

  Thereafter, when the horizontal load decreases, the horizontal resistance force FH correspondingly decreases and the horizontal deformation amount DH decreases. After the abutting steel plate 25 moves away from the abutting portion 7b as the horizontal deformation amount DH decreases, the horizontal deformation amount DH decreases in reverse following the same path as the time of increase and returns to the neutral position (see FIG. 5 (d), point e) in FIG. In this state, while residual deformation occurs in the plasticized stopper 23, the laminated body 5 separated from the stopper 23 has an advantage that residual deformation does not occur because the influence of the stopper 23 is not exerted. .

  Further, in the laminated rubber bearing 21 according to the present embodiment, the stopper 23 is always immersed in the low viscosity fluid F in the fluid chamber 8, so that the stopper 23 whose temperature rises with energy absorption due to plasticization is low. It is cooled by the viscosity fluid F. As a result, when the vibration energy repeatedly acts, the decrease in the damping performance due to the temperature rise of the stopper 23 accompanying the energy absorption can be favorably suppressed while using the low viscosity fluid F.

  In the laminated rubber support 21, when the stopper 23 moves in the low viscosity fluid F at the time of horizontal deformation, a velocity dependent viscous damping effect is generated, but as described above, this viscous damping effect is very small. 6 are omitted because it is considered. The same applies to the same kind of diagrams showing restorative force characteristics of other embodiments described later and the like.

  Next, a laminated rubber bearing 31 according to a first modification of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10. The laminated rubber support 31 is different from the laminated rubber support 21 of the second embodiment in the configuration of the stopper and energy absorbing mechanism 32. Hereinafter, components of the laminated rubber bearing 31 in common with the second embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals in FIG. 7 and with the configuration of the stopper and energy absorbing mechanism 32 as the center.

  The stopper and energy absorbing mechanism 32 is provided with a stopper 33, and a connecting steel plate 34 is integrally provided at one end thereof. While the stopper 23 of the second embodiment is made of a metal material such as lead or tin, the stopper 33 is made of a material having high rigidity, such as iron.

  The connecting steel plate 34 is formed of a relatively thick disc larger in diameter than the stopper 33. The connecting steel plate 34 is fitted into the recess 6a formed in the center of the lower surface of the upper sealing plate 6 through the sealing member 26, and is fixed to the upper sealing plate 6 by the bolt 27. Thereby, the stopper 33 is the upper end The portion is connected to the upper sealing plate 6 via the connecting steel plate 34 and extends downward in the fluid chamber 8.

  On the other hand, on the upper surface of the lower sealing plate 7, a circular recess 7c slightly smaller in diameter than the recess 7a of the second embodiment is concentrically formed, and the remaining portion of the lower sealing plate 7 in which the recess 7c is not formed. The portion is an annular contact portion 7d projecting upward.

  A friction ring 38 is attached to the upper surface of the contact portion 7 d of the lower sealing plate 7. As shown in FIG. 8, the friction ring 38 has a concentric large circular hole 38 a whose diameter is smaller than the diameter of the recess 7 c of the lower sealing plate 7. Further, in the friction ring 38, a plurality of (eight in this example) circular bolt holes 38b are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  The friction ring 38 is attached to the lower sealing plate 7 in a state in which the bolt 39 passed from above in each bolt hole 38b is screwed into the contact portion 7d via a washer (not shown) and tightened with a predetermined tightening force. It is done. In this state, the circular hole 38a of the friction ring 38 and the recess 7c of the lower sealing plate 7 are concentric with each other, and each bolt 39 is located at the center of the bolt hole 38b and has a predetermined amount of play with respect to the bolt hole 38b. Is engaged.

  Further, the stopper 33 passes through the circular hole 38a of the friction ring 38 and extends halfway to the recess 7c of the lower sealing plate 7. In the neutral position shown in FIG. 7, the outer peripheral surface of the stopper 33 and the inside of the contact portion 7b. A gap of the first predetermined amount G1 is formed between the peripheral surface and a second predetermined amount smaller than the first predetermined amount G1 between the outer peripheral surface of the stopper 33 and the edge of the circular hole 38a of the friction ring 38. A gap of G2 is formed.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the operation of the laminated rubber bearing 31 of the above configuration will be described. When a horizontal load acts on the laminated rubber support 31, the laminate unit 2 is deformed in the horizontal direction from a neutral position not shown. Until the horizontal deformation amount DH reaches the second predetermined amount G2, the stopper 33 only moves the low-viscosity fluid F in the fluid chamber 8, and the viscosity resistance thereby is very small, so the laminated rubber of the first embodiment A low horizontal stiffness approximately similar to that of the bearing 1 is obtained (point a to point b in FIG. 10).

  When the horizontal deformation amount DH reaches the second predetermined amount G2, the stopper 33 abuts on the edge of the circular hole 38a of the friction ring 38 to press the friction ring 38 (FIG. 9A). Along with this, a frictional force is generated between the upper surface of the contact portion 7d and the lower surface of the friction ring 38 (point b in FIG. 10), and the friction ring 38 slides when the horizontal load exceeds the maximum frictional force. Start moving (point c in FIG. 10). During this time, energy is absorbed by the frictional force between the contact portion 7d and the friction ring 38, whereby the horizontal deformation amount DH is suppressed (point b to point c in FIG. 10).

  When the horizontal deformation amount DH further increases and reaches the first predetermined amount G1, the edge of the circular hole 38b of the friction ring 38 abuts against the bolt 39, thereby simultaneously stopping the sliding of the friction ring 38 and the stopper 33 It abuts on the contact part 7d (FIG. 9 (b), point d in FIG. 10). Thereby, the movement of the stopper 33 is blocked, and the horizontal deformation amount DH is suppressed by the stop function (FIG. 9 (c), point d to point e in FIG. 10).

  As described above, the horizontal deformation amount DH is suppressed in two steps by the energy absorption function and the stop function by the frictional force between the stopper 33 and the friction ring 38, thereby preventing the excessive horizontal deformation of the laminated rubber bearing 31. Can. In addition, since the friction ring 38, which rises in temperature as the energy is absorbed by the friction force, is cooled by the low viscosity fluid F, the friction force due to the temperature rise of the friction ring 38 accompanying energy absorption when vibration energy repeatedly acts. Can be well suppressed while using the low viscosity fluid F.

  FIG. 11 shows another example of the friction ring. As shown in the figure, in this friction ring 38A, eight bolt holes 38c (38c1, 38c2, 38c3) through which the bolts 39 are passed are constituted by elongated holes extending in the same direction. Specifically, a pair of radially opposite bolt holes 38c1 and 38c1 extend in the radial direction, and a pair of opposite bolt holes 38c2 and 38c2 extend in the direction orthogonal to the other. The four bolt holes 38c3 extend obliquely with respect to the radial direction. Hereinafter, the extension direction of the bolt hole 38 c is referred to as “first direction”, and the direction orthogonal to this is referred to as “second direction”.

  The friction ring 38A is attached to the contact portion 7d of the lower sealing plate 7 in the same manner as the friction ring 38 in FIG. 8 via the bolts 39 passed through the bolt holes 38c. In this state, each bolt 39 is located at the center of the bolt hole 38c, has a predetermined amount of play on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the bolt hole 38c, and does not play in the width direction. It is correct.

  According to this configuration, when the horizontal load acts in the first direction (direction of arrow A in FIG. 11) and the friction ring 38A is pressed by the stopper 33 in the same direction, the friction ring 38A extends in the first direction It slides with respect to the contact portion 7d by the amount of play of the bolt 39 through each bolt hole 38c. Therefore, the restoring force characteristic in the case of the friction ring 38 shown in FIG. 10 can be obtained similarly.

  On the other hand, when the horizontal load acts in the second direction (direction of arrow B in FIG. 11) and the friction ring 38A is pressed by the stopper 33 in the same direction, there is no play of the bolt 39 with respect to each bolt hole 38c. The friction ring 38A can not slide relative to the contact portion 7d. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12, the stop function of the stopper 33 is exerted from the time when the horizontal deformation amount DH reaches the second predetermined amount G2 and the stopper 33 abuts against the friction ring 38A (point b in FIG. 12). Be done. As a result, the horizontal deformation amount DH becomes smaller (point b to point c in FIG. 12) as compared with the case where the horizontal load acts in the first direction, and the horizontal deformation of the laminated rubber bearing 31 is further suppressed.

  As described above, the restoring force characteristics of the laminated rubber support 31 can be made different between when the horizontal load acts in the first direction and when it acts in the second direction. Therefore, for example, when the displacement allowed for the seismic isolation device differs depending on the direction, for example, from the planar shape of the building or the positional relationship with the adjacent building, the second direction of the bolt hole 38c is a direction in which the allowable displacement is small. By adjusting the installation angle of the friction ring 38A so as to coincide with each other, the displacement of the seismic isolation device can be appropriately controlled in accordance with the allowable displacement of each direction.

  Next, a laminated rubber bearing 41 according to a second modification of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The laminated rubber support 41 is different from the laminated rubber support 31 of the first modification described above in the configuration of the stopper and energy absorbing mechanism 42. Hereinafter, components of the laminated rubber bearing 41 common to those of the first modification will be described with the same reference numerals in FIG. 13 while focusing on the configuration of the stopper and energy absorbing mechanism 42.

  The stopper and energy absorbing mechanism 42 is provided with a stopper 43, the connecting steel plate 44 is integrally provided at one end thereof, and the elastic body 45 and the sliding member 46 are integrally integrally provided at the other end. There is. Similar to the stopper 33 of the first modification, the stopper 43 is made of a material having high rigidity, for example, iron.

  The connecting steel plate 44 is formed of a relatively thick disc having a diameter larger than that of the stopper 43. The connecting steel plate 44 is fitted into the recess 6a formed at the center of the lower surface of the upper sealing plate 6 via the sealing member 26, and is fixed to the upper sealing plate 6 by the bolt 27. Thereby, the stopper 43 has the upper end The portion is connected to the upper sealing plate 6 via the connecting steel plate 44 and extends downward in the fluid chamber 8.

  The elastic body 45 is made of, for example, natural rubber and formed in a disk shape having the same diameter as the stopper 43, and is integrally attached to the lower surface of the stopper 43 by adhesion or the like.

  The sliding member 46 is made of, for example, a fluorocarbon resin, and is integrally attached to the lower surface of the elastic body 45 by adhesion or the like. The lower surface of the sliding member 46 is constituted by a central circular flat surface 46a, and a tapered surface 46b connected to the periphery of the flat surface 46a and the periphery of the lower surface of the elastic body 45.

  On the other hand, on the upper surface of the lower sealing plate 7, a circular recess 7e is formed concentrically at the center, and the sliding member 46 of the stopper 43 is close to the bottom of the recess 7e in the neutral position shown in FIG. In the state, it is accommodated in the recess 7e. Further, the remaining portion of the lower sealing plate 7 where the recess 7e is not formed is an annular contact portion 7f protruding upward, and the recess 7e is formed at the boundary portion of the contact portion 7f with the recess 7e. The inclined surface 7g which inclines toward the upper surface of the contact part 7f is formed.

  According to the laminated rubber bearing 41 configured as described above, the laminate unit 2 is deformed in the horizontal direction from the neutral position of FIG. 13 in response to the application of the horizontal load. Until the amount of horizontal deformation reaches a predetermined amount, the stopper 43 etc. only moves the low viscosity fluid F in the fluid chamber 8, and the viscosity resistance thereby is very small, so the laminated rubber bearing 1 of the first embodiment The same low horizontal stiffness is obtained.

  When the amount of horizontal deformation reaches a predetermined amount, the tapered surface 46b of the sliding member 46 comes in contact with the inclined surface 7g of the contact portion 7d, and then the elastic body 45 is compressed as the amount of horizontal deformation increases. At the same time, the sliding member 46 slides on the inclined surface 7 g obliquely upward (uphill) while receiving the reaction force of the compressed elastic body 45. When the inclined surface 7g climbs, a stop function acts and a frictional force is generated between the tapered surface 46b of the sliding member 46 and the inclined surface 7g. This frictional force increases as the climbing progresses, and is maintained in a substantially constant high state after the tapered surface 46 b passes the inclined surface 7 g and reaches the upper surface of the contact portion 7 e.

  As described above, the amount of horizontal deformation is suppressed by the stop function when the stopper 43 climbs the inclined surface 7f and the energy absorbing function by the frictional force between the contact portion 7e including the inclined surface 7g, thereby suppressing the laminated rubber Excessive horizontal deformation of the bearing 41 can be prevented.

  In addition, since the stopper 43, which rises in temperature as the energy is absorbed by the frictional force, is cooled by the low viscosity fluid F, the decrease in the frictional force due to the temperature rise of the stopper 43 when the vibration energy repeatedly acts is reduced. It can be favorably suppressed while using F.

  Next, a laminated rubber bearing 51 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The laminated rubber support 51 is provided with a fluid damper 52 as a deformation suppressing mechanism, in place of the stopper and energy absorbing mechanism so far. Hereinafter, components common to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals in FIG. 14, and the description will be made centering on the configuration of the fluid damper 52.

  The fluid damper 52 uses a working fluid HF, and includes a cylinder 53, a piston 54 and a communication passage 55. The cylinder 53 is connected to the center of the lower sealing plate 7 via the ball joint 56 and the fixture 57. The piston 54 is connected to the center of the upper sealing plate 6 via a piston rod 58, a ball joint 59 and a fixture 60.

  The piston 54 is slidably provided in the cylinder 53 and divides the inside of the cylinder 53 into a second fluid chamber 62 opposite to the first fluid chamber 61 on the piston rod 58 side. The communication passage 55 is connected to the inside of the cylinder 53 at two positions equally spaced from each other by a predetermined distance from the axial center of the cylinder 53. Hereinafter, a section of the cylinder 53 between the two connection portions is referred to as an “inner section Z”.

  With this configuration, the communication passage 55 bypasses the piston 53 when the piston 53 is located in the inner section Z including the neutral position shown in FIG. 14 and communicates the first and second fluid chambers 61, 62 with each other. Let The working fluid HF is made of, for example, silicone oil, and is filled in the first and second fluid chambers 61 and 62 and the communication passage 55.

  The piston 54 is provided with a pair of relief valves 63, 63. These relief valves 63, 63 are respectively provided in two communication holes (not shown) passing through the piston 54, and the pressure of one of the first and second fluid chambers 61, 62 has reached a predetermined pressure. At the same time, one relief valve 63 corresponding thereto is opened to make the first and second fluid chambers 61, 62 communicate with each other.

  According to the laminated rubber bearing 51 having the above configuration, the horizontal load is applied, and as the laminate unit 2 is deformed in the horizontal direction, the fixtures 60, 57 attached to the upper and lower sealing plates 6, 7 are By increasing the distance, the piston 54 moves in the direction to reduce the volume of the first fluid chamber 61. In this case, the piston 54 is located in the inner section Z until the horizontal deformation amount of the laminate unit 2 reaches a predetermined amount, whereby the working fluid HF is discharged from the first fluid chamber 61 via the communication passage 55. It flows into the second fluid chamber 62, and the pressure in the first fluid chamber 61 is released. For this reason, since only a small viscous drag is generated by the flow of the working fluid HF, low horizontal rigidity substantially the same as that of the laminated rubber bearing 1 of the first embodiment can be obtained.

  When the horizontal deformation amount DH reaches a predetermined amount, the piston 54 is removed from the inner section Z, whereby the flow of the working fluid HF via the communication passage 55 is blocked and the working fluid HF is confined in the first fluid chamber 61. As a result, the pressure in the first fluid chamber 61 rapidly rises. As a result, movement of the piston 54 is prevented, so that the amount of horizontal deformation is suppressed, and excessive horizontal deformation of the laminated rubber bearing 51 can be prevented.

  When the pressure in the first fluid chamber 61 reaches a predetermined pressure, the corresponding relief valve 63 is opened, and the pressure in the first fluid chamber 61 is transferred to the second fluid chamber 62 through the communication hole. By being escaped, an excessive pressure rise is prevented.

  In addition, this invention can be implemented in various aspects, without being limited to the embodiment and modification which were described. For example, in the embodiment, water is used as the low viscosity fluid F filled in the fluid chamber 8, but as long as the viscosity is low, it preferably has a Poisson's ratio equivalent to that of the natural rubber layer 9 It is possible to use fluids other than water. For example, a hydraulic oil may be used from the viewpoints of cooling property, rust prevention property, low evaporation property, etc., and among them, those having low viscosity are preferable.

  In the embodiment, the stopper / energy absorbing mechanisms 22, 32, 42 and the fluid damper 52 are used as the deformation suppressing mechanism, but the increase is suppressed after the amount of horizontal deformation exceeds a predetermined amount. It is possible to use a deformation suppression mechanism having another configuration.

  Although the embodiment is an example in which the laminated rubber bearing is used as a seismic isolation device for a high-rise building, the present invention is not limited to this, and the laminated rubber bearing of the present invention is used as a seismic isolation device for other structures or It can be used as a bearing for the mechanism. In the latter case, the damping function of the TMD mechanism is excellent by making the TMD mechanism longer cycled by laminated rubber bearings and synchronizing the natural frequency of the additional vibration system including the TMD mechanism with the natural frequency of a building etc Can be

  Furthermore, in the embodiment, the upper and lower sealing plates 6 and 7 for sealing the laminated body 5 and the upper and lower flange steel plates 3 and 3 for attachment to a building are separately configured from each other. You may comprise with each 1 steel plate etc. In addition, it is possible to change suitably the composition of details within the limits of the meaning of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 laminated rubber bearing 5 laminated body 5a upper opening 5b laminated body lower opening 6 upper sealing plate 7 lower sealing plate 7 lower sealing plate 7b abutting portion 7d abutting portion 7f abutting portion 7g inclined surface 8 fluid chamber 9 natural Rubber layer 10 Intermediate steel plate (rigid layer)
21 Laminated rubber bearing 22 Stopper and energy absorption mechanism (deformation suppression mechanism)
23 stopper 31 laminated rubber bearing 32 stopper and energy absorbing mechanism (deformation suppressing mechanism)
33 Stopper 38 Friction ring (annular friction plate)
41 Laminated rubber bearing 42 Stopper and energy absorption mechanism (deformation suppression mechanism)
43 stopper 45 elastic body 46 sliding member 51 laminated rubber bearing 52 fluid damper (deformation suppressing mechanism)
53 cylinder 54 piston 55 communication passage 61 first fluid chamber 62 second fluid chamber F low viscosity fluid DH horizontal deformation amount G predetermined amount G1 first predetermined amount (predetermined amount)
G2 2nd predetermined amount HF working fluid Z inner section

Claims (8)

A laminated rubber bearing provided between an upper structure and a lower structure to be installed,
A tubular laminate having upper and lower openings, in which a plurality of rubber layers and a plurality of rigid layers are alternately stacked in the vertical direction, and which are open upward and downward, respectively;
The upper and lower openings of the laminate are respectively sealed to define a fluid-tight fluid chamber inside the laminate, and an upper sealing plate and a lower sealing plate connected to the upper structure and the lower structure, respectively. ,
A predetermined low viscosity fluid filled and enclosed in the fluid chamber;
A laminated rubber bearing characterized by comprising:   The laminated rubber bearing according to claim 1, wherein the low viscosity fluid has a Poisson's ratio equivalent to that of the rubber layer of the laminate.   It is disposed in the fluid chamber, and operates when the horizontal deformation amount which is a relative displacement amount in the horizontal direction between the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate reaches a predetermined amount, thereby further increasing the horizontal deformation amount. The laminated rubber bearing according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a deformation suppressing mechanism for suppressing. The deformation suppressing mechanism is
An annular contact portion provided at a position adjacent to the laminate of the lower sealing plate and projecting upward;
An upper end portion connected to the upper sealing plate and extending downward in the fluid chamber, and a stopper contacting the contact portion of the lower sealing plate when the horizontal deformation amount reaches the predetermined amount; The laminated rubber bearing according to claim 3, characterized in having.   The laminated rubber bearing according to claim 4, wherein the stopper is made of a predetermined metal material that can be plastically deformed by contact with the contact portion of the lower sealing plate. The deformation suppressing mechanism further includes an annular friction plate mounted on the contact portion of the lower sealing plate and attached in a predetermined tightening state.
The friction plate slides within a predetermined range with respect to the contact portion by being pressed by the stopper that abuts when the horizontal deformation amount reaches a second predetermined amount smaller than the predetermined amount. The laminated rubber bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that it is configured to: The stopper includes an elastic member which can be expanded and contracted in the vertical direction, and a sliding member disposed on the lower end surface,
The contact portion of the lower sealing plate is inclined obliquely upward in the radial direction, and has an inclined surface on which the sliding member of the stopper abuts when the horizontal deformation amount reaches the predetermined amount. The laminated rubber bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that. The deformation suppressing mechanism includes a fluid damper disposed in the fluid chamber,
The fluid damper is
A cylinder connected to one of the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate;
It is connected to the other of the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate, is slidably provided in the cylinder, divides the inside of the cylinder into a first fluid chamber and a second fluid chamber, and the horizontal deformation amount A piston located within a predetermined inner zone including a neutral position when the amount is less than a predetermined amount, and located outside the inner zone when the horizontal deformation amount is equal to or greater than the predetermined amount;
A working fluid filled in the first and second fluid chambers;
4. A communication passage for causing the first and second fluid chambers to communicate with each other so as to bypass the piston when the piston is located in the inner section. Laminated rubber bearing described.

Images