JP2019098429A - Processing tool, processing device and processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a smooth processing surface of a desired shape, while improving productivity in processing of a CVT pulley.SOLUTION: A processing tool for processing a continuous speed variation pulley having a sheave surface 21F and a shaft part outer peripheral surface 22F as a workpiece 20W, comprises: a first cutting edge 32 for cutting the shaft part outer peripheral surface; a second cutting edge 33 for cutting the sheave surface; and a holder 31 to which the first cutting edge 32 and the second cutting edge 33 are attached. The holder 31 comprises: a first opposed surface 313 turning in a direction of the shaft part outer peripheral surface 22F in cutting time; a second opposed surface 314 turning in a direction of the sheave surface 21F in cutting time; a corner part 315 where the first opposed surface 313 crosses the second opposed surface 314; a first attachment part arranged in a place adjacent to the corner part 315 of the first opposed surface 313 and attaching the first cutting edge 32; and a second attachment part arranged in a place adjacent to the corner part 315 of the second opposed surface 314 and attaching the second cutting edge 33.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing tool for processing a pulley of a belt type continuously variable transmission (CVT), a processing apparatus using the same, and a processing method using the same.

  The pulleys of the belt-type continuously variable transmission (CVT) are rotating bodies that require high surface hardness and high surface processing accuracy, and when processing such pulleys, heat-treated workpieces produced by forging etc. after heat treatment , Machining with a lathe etc. At the time of this machining, the work is centered (centered) and mounted on a chuck, and cutting and surface grinding are performed while rotating the work.

  For example, at the time of the above-mentioned machining, first, the sheave surface is cut by hard turning while rotating the cored work, and then the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion of the pulley is cut by hard turning; The surface etc. is ground using a grindstone etc.

  On the other hand, while the above-mentioned hard turning processing is point cutting with a point-shaped CBN chip cutting edge, hard skiving in which cutting with a small amount of unevenness can be performed over a wide area by using the cutting width of CBN chip having a wide width. Processing (also referred to as lead-free processing) has been developed, which makes it possible to obtain a smooth processed surface even if the feed rate is increased (Patent Document 1).

  Also, in both hard turning processing and lead free processing, a CBN chip for cutting the sheave surface is usually fixed to a dedicated holder, and a CBN chip for cutting the outer peripheral surface of the pulley shaft is used as a dedicated holder It is fixed, each holder is attached to the holder bracket, and this holder bracket is attached to the turret.

JP, 2017-196692, A

  By the way, when cutting workpieces with high surface hardness with high accuracy, if the main component and feed component at the time of cutting are high, the processed surface will run away due to the deflection or deformation of the turret or tool holder, so the processed surface It is easy to cause problems such as chattering or sagging, and the dimension does not follow or the machining diameter becomes unstable. It is required to suppress the occurrence of these problems.

As described above, such a defect is that the processing tool has a multi-component structure of four parts consisting of a turret, a holder bracket, a holder, and a CBN chip, and the rigidity decreases and bending occurs at the mating parts of the parts. Therefore, it is considered that deformation as a whole is likely to occur.
In the case of hard skiving, since cutting is performed by line contact, the main component and feed component at the time of cutting become extremely high, and the occurrence of the above-mentioned defects becomes more remarkable.

Also, conventionally, as described above, different holders are used for the CBN chip for machining the sheave surface and the CBN chip for machining the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, so that the turret must be pivoted when switching the tool.
For this reason, in the case of lead-free processing which can shorten the processing time, this turret turning time is a major issue in improving the production efficiency.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and in processing a CVT pulley requiring high surface hardness and high surface processing accuracy, a smooth processed surface having a desired shape while improving productivity. It is an object of the present invention to provide a processing tool, a processing apparatus using the same, and a processing method using the same.

(1) In order to achieve the above object, a processing tool according to the present invention is a processing tool for processing a workpiece as a continuously variable transmission pulley having a sheave surface and a shaft outer peripheral surface, and the shaft A first cutting blade for cutting the outer peripheral surface of the part, a second cutting blade for cutting the sheave surface, and a holder to which the first cutting blade and the second cutting blade are attached A first facing surface facing in the direction of the shaft outer peripheral surface, a second facing surface facing in the direction of the sheave surface at the time of cutting, a corner portion where the first facing surface intersects the second facing surface, and the first facing surface (1) A first attachment portion which is disposed adjacent to the corner in the opposite surface and which attaches the first cutting blade, and which is disposed adjacent to the corner in the second opposite surface and attaches the second cutting blade And a second attachment portion.
(2) The holder is formed in a block shape, and a mounting base to be attached to a tool post positioned to the side of the work, and one edge side of the mounting base protrude from the mounting base to the first facing A cutting blade mounting portion having a surface, the second opposing surface, and the corner portion, the other edge side of the mounting base being a portion opposite to the second opposing surface of the cutting blade mounting portion; It is preferable to be scraped off.
(3) It is preferable that the reinforcement meat part for applying the prosodic force by the said 2nd cutting blade is formed behind the said 2nd opposing surface of the said cutting blade attachment part.
(4) It is preferable that the first attachment portion and the second attachment portion be disposed at a predetermined interval along the direction in which the corner portion extends.
(5) It is preferable that the said 1st cutting blade and a said 2nd cutting blade are cutting blades for hard skiving which cuts wide.

  (6) A processing apparatus according to the present invention includes: a tool rest on which the processing tool described in any one of (1) to (5) is attached; , Is characterized by.

  (7) A processing method according to the present invention is a processing method for processing the work using the processing device described in (6), wherein the work centering on the work mounting base is performed on the work The shaft outer periphery is moved by the first cutting blade while moving the holder in the Z axis direction, which is the axial direction of the work mount, from the side separated from the sheave surface of the shaft outer portion toward the side approaching the sheave surface. A first cutting step of cutting the surface, and then an intermediate step of moving the holder in the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction so that the second cutting blade reaches the outer peripheral edge of the sheave surface; A second cutting step of cutting the sheave surface by the second cutting blade while moving the holder in the Y-axis direction from the outer peripheral edge of the sheave surface to the inner peripheral side with respect to the workpiece; As a feature to have That.

  According to the present invention, since the first cutting blade for cutting the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion of the continuously variable transmission and the second cutting blade for cutting the sheave surface are both attached to the same holder, the configuration of the processing tool The number of parts can be reduced, the rigidity of the tool can be secured, and the occurrence of bending can be suppressed. For this reason, cutting accuracy can be improved. In addition, a cutting blade for hard skiving that has a very high main component and feed component at the time of cutting is applied to the first cutting blade and the second cutting blade to improve productivity, and the desired shape is smoothed. The machined surface can be obtained.

It is a front view which shows the principal part of the processing apparatus (turret lathe) which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view showing an important section of a processing tool concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a principal part front view of a processing device showing movement of a holder at the time of cutting by a processing tool concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of a work (pulley) which shows movement of a cutting blade at the time of cutting by a processing tool concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the work (pulley) which shows movement of the cutting blade at the time of cutting by the processing tool concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view of a work (pulley) which shows movement of a cutting blade at the time of cutting by a processing tool concerning one embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a processing tool, a processing apparatus, and a processing method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiments described below are merely illustrative, and there is no intention to exclude the application of various modifications and techniques that are not specified in the following embodiments. The embodiment can be implemented partially using it, modifying it partially, or replacing it with another mechanism or device having the same function.

[Configuration of processing device]
First, a processing apparatus according to the embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, this processing apparatus is a turret lathe having a turning turret, and on the Z axis (spindle) of the lathe, the clamp device 11 and the tail center (centering center) 12 face each other. A work mount 10 is provided. In addition, on the side of the Z axis (in the Y-axis direction), a turning turret 14 having a tool rest 13 (here, only a part of the tool rest 13 is shown) is disposed.

  The workpiece 20W as a continuously variable transmission pulley is one in which a fixed sheave 21 having a sheave surface 21F to be processed and a pulley shaft (shaft portion) 22 having a shaft outer peripheral surface 22F to be processed are integrated. . The pulley shaft 22 has a first shaft portion 23 protruding long on the sheave surface 21F side of the fixed sheave 21 and a second shaft portion 24 protruding short on the opposite side of the fixed sheave 21 from the sheave surface 21F. The portion outer peripheral surface 22F is located at the first shaft portion 23 on which a movable pulley (not shown) slides in the axial direction.

The workpiece 20W has the tip 24a of the second shaft 24 clamped to the clamp device 11, and the tip 23a of the first shaft 23 is engaged with the tail center 12, so that the axis of the workpiece 20W is the Z axis of the lathe. And is fixed to the work mount 10 so as to coincide with
The workpiece mount 10 rotationally drives the fixed workpiece 20W around the Z axis. Workpiece 20 W that rotates the cutting blade attached to the tool rest 13 while moving the tool rest 13 in a direction (Y-axis direction) approaching and separating from the Z axis of the lathe and the Z axis of the lathe It is made to abut on to cut.

[Tool for processing]
The processing tool 30 has a holder 31 fixed to the tool post 13 and a first cutting blade 32 and a second cutting blade 33 fixed to the holder 31, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. . The first cutting edge 32 is a cutting edge that cuts the shaft outer peripheral surface 22F, and the second cutting edge 33 is a cutting edge that cuts the sheave surface 21F.

  The holder 31 is made of steel and formed in a block shape (a shape in which a part of a rectangular block is cut off), and a mounting base 311 attached to the tool post 13 and a protrusion from one edge side of the mounting base 311 And a cutting blade mounting portion 312. The cutting blade attachment portion 312 has a first opposing surface 313 that faces in the direction of the shaft outer peripheral surface 22F at the time of cutting, a second opposing surface 314 that faces in the direction of the sheave surface 21F at the time of cutting, a first opposing surface 313 and a second opposing surface. And a corner portion 315 intersecting with the surface 314.

  The first attachment portion 320 for attaching the first cutting blade 32 is disposed at a position adjacent to the corner portion 315 in the first opposing surface 313, and the second attachment surface at a position adjacent to the corner portion 315 in the second opposing surface 314 A second mounting arrangement 330 for mounting the cutting blade 33 is arranged.

Further, the other side of the mounting base 311 and the side opposite to the second opposing surface 314 of the cutting blade mounting portion 312 are reduced in weight by the partially scraped-off portion 316.
However, the thinning portion 316 is not provided on the opposite side (back side) to the second opposing surface 314 of the cutting blade attachment portion 312, and a reinforcing meat portion 317 is formed for applying a lateral force by the second cutting blade 33. It is done.

  In the first attachment portion 320 (first cutting edge 32) and the second attachment portion 330 (second cutting edge 33), a corner portion 315 where the first opposing surface 313 and the second opposing surface 314 intersect is extended A predetermined distance L (for example, 25 mm) is provided along the direction. Furthermore, here, the first attachment portion 320 is disposed on one side (left side in FIG. 2) with respect to the middle portion 318 in the direction in which the corner portion 315 extends, and on the other side (right side in FIG. 2) The mounting portion 330 is disposed.

  The first opposing surface 313 and the second opposing surface 314 are not all simple planes, and in the first opposing surface 313, the direction in which the area where the first attachment portion 320 is formed is separated from the mounting base 311 In the second opposing surface 314, the region where the second mounting portion 330 is formed protrudes most in the direction of the sheave surface 21F at the time of cutting.

  Each of the first cutting blade 32 and the second cutting blade 33 is a cutting blade for hard skiving which performs cutting in a wide range, and is constituted by a rectangular CBN chip (CBN: Cubic boron nitride) having a thickness. . Further, the first cutting edge 32 and the second cutting edge 33 are fixed in the grooves of the first attachment portion 320 and the second attachment portion 330 such that the cutting edges 32a and 33a are inclined and can be detachably attached by bolts. In addition, hole-like chip pockets 321 and 331 for receiving chips are formed at the tips of the cutting edges 32a and 33a.

  Further, bolt holes 319 are bored in the holder 31 from the side of the first opposing surface 313 to the bottom surface portion of the mounting base 311 that directly abuts the tool rest 13. A total of four bolt holes 319 are provided, and they are directly fixed to the tool base 13 by four-point tightening. In FIG. 2, the bolt holes 319 of the meat removal portion 316 are hidden behind the cutting blade attachment portion 312.

[Processing method]
Next, a processing method using a processing apparatus equipped with the processing tool 30 will be described.
First, the work 20 W is aligned with and attached to the work mounting base 10. Then, while rotating the workpiece 20W, first, as shown by the arrow a1 in FIG. 3, in the axial direction of the workpiece mounting base 10, the shaft outer peripheral surface 22F is moved from the side separated from the sheave surface 21F The shaft portion outer peripheral surface 22F is cut by the first cutting edge 32 while moving the holder 31 in a certain Z-axis direction (first cutting step).

Thereafter, as shown by an arrow a2 in FIG. 3, the holder 31 is moved in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction so that the second cutting edge 33 reaches the outer peripheral edge of the sheave surface 21F (intermediate process).
Thereafter, as shown by the arrow a3 in FIG. 3, the second cutting blade 33 moves the sheave surface 21F while moving the holder 31 in the Y-axis direction from the outer peripheral edge of the sheave surface 21F to the inner peripheral side. Cutting (second cutting step).

[Action and effect]
Since the processing tool, the processing apparatus, and the processing method according to the present embodiment are configured as described above, the processing tool reduces the number of parts and the number of three parts of the turret wedge holder wedge cutting blade 32, 33 (CBN chip) It is possible to suppress the reduction in rigidity at the mating portion of the parts, and to suppress the occurrence of bending.

  The cutting accuracy can be improved by suppressing the occurrence of bending. In addition, a cutting blade for hard skiving that has a very high main component and feed component at the time of cutting is applied to the first cutting blade 32 and the second cutting blade 33 to improve productivity and to obtain a desired shape. It is possible to obtain a smooth processing surface of

Further, since the other edge side of the mounting base 311 is reduced in weight by the partially scraped-off portion 316, the weight of the holder 31 can be reduced.
Moreover, although the weight is reduced, the meat removal part 316 is not provided on the opposite side (back side) of the second opposing surface 314 of the cutting blade attachment part 312, and the reinforcement thickness part 317 is formed. It is possible to secure the spine force by the blade 33.

Moreover, the effect by the movement of the cutting blades 32 and 33 at the time of processing can also be obtained.
4 to 6 are views showing the movement of the first cutting edge 32 and the second cutting edge 33 in the cutting process, and FIG. 4 is a front view of the work 20W, and FIG. 5 is a plan view of the work 20W. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the work 20W.

  In the first cutting step, as indicated by an arrow a1 in FIG. 4, the first cutting edge 32 mainly from the position P1 to the position P2 in the Z direction (one direction of the Z axis) and slightly Y direction (Y In the middle step, the second cutting blade 33 moves in the Y direction and Z direction so as to reach the position P3 as shown by the arrow a2 in FIG. 4 in the middle step, and in the second cutting step As indicated by an arrow a3 in FIG. 4, the second cutting edge 32 moves from the position P3 to the position P4 mainly in the Y direction and slightly in the Z direction.

  As described above, since cutting is performed by moving in one direction in both the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, machining can be smoothly performed in a short time, and the movement of the cutting blades 32 and 33 is stabilized. Easy to secure.

  Since the first attachment portion 320 (first cutting edge 32) and the second attachment portion 330 (second cutting edge 33) are disposed at a predetermined distance L, the interference between the cutting edges 32, 33 is avoided. By reducing the predetermined distance L (in this case, 25 mm), the processing can be performed more smoothly and in a short time.

  Moreover, in the first cutting process, although movement can be performed only by movement in the Z direction, movement in the Y direction is also added, so concentration of load on a part of the cutting edge 32a can be avoided. Uneven wear can be suppressed.

[Others]
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention can be implemented with various modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.
For example, in the above embodiment, the cutting blade for hard skiving is applied to the cutting edges 32 and 33, but a cutting edge for hard turning may be applied.

In the above embodiment, the processing tool 20 is fixed to the tool rest 13 of the turning turret 14. However, the processing tool 20 may be fixed to a tool rest which is not a turning turret type.
In addition, the movement of the holder 31 (the movement of the cutting blades 32 and 33) and the cutting position in the above embodiment are an example, and the shaft outer peripheral surface 22F to be cut is not limited to that illustrated.

10 Workpiece Mounting Base 11 Clamp Device 12 Tail Center (Core Push Center)
13 Tool post 14 Slewing turret 20 W work (pulley for continuously variable transmission)
21 Fixed sheave 21F Sheave surface 22 Pulley shaft (shaft)
22F shaft outer peripheral surface 23 first shaft 23a first end of first shaft 23 second shaft 24a second end of second shaft 24 machining tool 31 holder 32 first cutting blade 32a first cutting blade 32 Cutting edge 33 second cutting edge 33a Cutting edge 311 of second cutting edge 33 Mounting base 312 Cutting edge attachment portion 313 First opposing surface 314 Second opposing surface 315 Corner portion 316 Thin portion 317 Reinforcing portion 318 Corner portion 315 Middle part in the direction of extension 319 Bolt hole 320 First mounting part 330 Second mounting part

Claims (7)

A processing tool for processing a workpiece as a continuously variable transmission pulley having a sheave surface and an outer peripheral surface of a shaft,
A first cutting blade for cutting the outer peripheral surface of the shaft;
A second cutting blade for cutting the sheave surface;
A holder to which the first cutting blade and the second cutting blade are attached;
The holder is
A first opposing surface that faces in the direction of the shaft outer peripheral surface during cutting;
A second facing surface that faces in the direction of the sheave surface during cutting;
A corner at which the first opposing surface and the second opposing surface intersect;
A first attachment portion disposed at a position adjacent to the corner portion in the first opposing surface and for attaching the first cutting edge;
And a second attachment portion disposed at a position adjacent to the corner in the second opposing surface and for attaching the second cutting edge. The holder is formed in a block shape, and is provided with a mounting base to be attached to a tool rest positioned on the side of the work, and the first opposing surface and the first opposing surface projecting from the mounting base on one edge side of the mounting base. And a cutting blade mounting portion having a second facing surface and the corner portion, the other edge side of the mounting base, and the side opposite to the second facing surface of the cutting blade mounting portion being partially scraped The processing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that it is dropped. The reinforcing meat portion for applying a prosodic force by the second cutting blade is formed behind the second opposing surface of the cutting blade attachment portion. Processing tools. The said 1st attachment part and the said 2nd attachment part are arrange | positioned at predetermined intervals along the direction where the said corner | angular part extends, Any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. The processing tool described in the section. The processing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first cutting blade and the second cutting blade are cutting blades for hard skiving which perform cutting in a wide range. . A tool post on which the processing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is attached,
A processing apparatus comprising: a work mount on which the work is centered and attached. A processing method for processing the work using the processing device according to claim 6, wherein
With respect to the work center-aligned to and attached to the work mounting base, the Z axis direction, which is the axial direction of the work mounting base, from the side separated from the sheave surface of the shaft portion to the approaching side A first cutting step of cutting the outer peripheral surface of the shaft by the first cutting blade while moving the holder;
Thereafter, an intermediate step of moving the holder in the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction so that the second cutting blade reaches the outer peripheral edge of the sheave surface;
Thereafter, a second cutting step of cutting the sheave surface by the second cutting blade while moving the holder in the Y-axis direction from the outer peripheral edge of the sheave surface to the inner peripheral side with respect to the workpiece; Processing method characterized by having.

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