JP2019094969A - Manufacturing method of cage for roller bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a manufacturing method of a cage for a roller bearing which dispenses with a metal mold, and can reduce manufacturing costs of small-quantity products.SOLUTION: This manufacturing method of a cage for a roller bearing includes: a spinning process for forming an outside diameter part of a single disc circular raw material being a raw material into a conical shape by spinning processing, and forming it to a conical trapezoidal raw material Tw; a pocket forming process for processing pockets for accommodating rollers in a plurality of points of a conical shape part Twa of the conical trapezoidal raw material Tw by laser processing or cutting processing; and a shaft insertion hole processing process for processing a shaft insertion hole at a bottom plate part 8 in a center of the conical trapezoidal raw material Tw by laser processing or cutting processing. The spinning processing includes a process for forming the conical shape part Twa by making rollers 10 relatively rotating around an axial core of the disc circular raw material contact with the disc circular raw material.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a roller bearing retainer, and for example, a large tapered roller bearing used in a step-up gear or generator of a wind turbine, or a large thrust spherical roller bearing used in an injection molding machine Relates to a method of manufacturing a cage.

  The cage of a large tapered roller bearing used for a wind turbine or the like, or a large thrust spherical roller bearing used for an injection molding machine, etc. has a plurality of pockets for arranging the rollers at equal intervals with respect to the iron plate ing. In the manufacture of the cage, pressing or cutting is common. In order to manufacture a cage with high accuracy by press processing, a mold matched to the shape of the cage is required.

JP 2005-90740 A JP 2001-165170 A

When the cage is manufactured by press processing, when the mold cost is depreciated, the large-scale product can reduce the depreciation cost per cage, but the small-volume product increases the manufacturing cost.
When the cage is manufactured by shaving, a mold is not necessary, but a large amount of material is required for one product, and a large amount of waste material also increases the manufacturing cost.

  Therefore, in the prior art 1, a special cage shape is adopted as a low-cost manufacturing method of the cage (Patent Document 1). In the prior art 2, material cost is reduced by manufacturing retainers of various thicknesses from a material having a constant thickness by using spinning instead of press processing (Patent Document 2).

However, in Patent Document 1, since the shape of the cage is special, the manufacturing process is complicated and the number of processing steps is increased. As a result, the manufacturing cost may be increased.
In Patent Document 2, mandrels (male molds) to be used for spinning must be prepared for each holder size, and the manufacturing cost may be high for small-quantity products.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a roller bearing cage, which does not require a mold and can reduce the manufacturing cost even for a small-quantity product.

In the method for manufacturing a roller bearing cage according to the present invention, a process of forming a conical shape by forming an outer diameter portion of a single disk-like material as a material into a conical shape by a draw process;
A pocket forming process in which a pocket for accommodating a roller at a plurality of circumferential positions of the conical portion of the conical trapezoidal material is processed by laser processing or cutting;
And a shaft insertion hole processing step of processing the shaft insertion hole in the center bottom plate portion of the conical trapezoidal material by laser processing or cutting processing.

According to this configuration, in the squeezing process, the outer diameter portion of one disc-like material is formed into a conical shape by squeezing to form a conical trapezoidal material. In the pocket formation process, the pocket which accommodates a roller in the circumferential direction multiple places of the conical shape part of a conical trapezoidal raw material is processed by laser processing or shaving processing. In the shaft insertion hole processing process, the shaft insertion hole is processed by laser processing or shaving processing on the bottom plate portion at the center of the conical trapezoidal material.
As described above, by employing the spatula drawing process and the laser process or the cutting process, the roller bearing cage can be manufactured without using a mold, and the amount of the raw material used is equal to that of the press process. It becomes possible to As a result, the manufacturing cost can be reduced even for small-quantity products.

  The step of drawing the spatula includes the step of forming the conical portion by bringing a roller relatively rotating around the axis of the disc-like material into contact with the disc-like material, and between the axis and the roller And the inclination angle of the roller with respect to the disk-shaped material may be variable. In this case, various cage shapes can be formed. Therefore, for the cages of various shapes, it is possible to use the spatula machine which implements the spatula process, and the manufacturing cost can be further reduced.

  In the process of drawing the spatula, the inclination angle of the roller with respect to the disk-like material may be changed stepwise to obtain the desired conical trapezoidal material. In this case, springback can be reduced and the dimensional accuracy of the cage can be improved.

  Two or more of the rollers may be used in the spatula process. In this case, the conical trapezoidal material can be formed uniformly over the entire circumference, and the dimensional accuracy of the cage can be improved.

  In the method for manufacturing a roller bearing cage according to the present invention, a method of forming a conical trapezoidal material by forming an outer diameter portion of a single disk-like material as a material into a conical shape by a draw process; The pocket formation process of processing the pocket which accommodates the roller in the circumferential direction multiple places of the conical shape part of the trapezoidal material by laser processing or shaving processing, and inserting the shaft into the bottom plate part of the center of the conical trapezoidal material by laser processing or shaving processing And a shaft insertion hole processing step of processing the hole. Therefore, no mold is required, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced even for a small-quantity product.

It is a sectional view of a tapered roller bearing provided with a cage concerning an embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the retainer for the same tapered roller bearings. It is a figure which shows the structure of the spatula which manufactures the holder | retainer for the same tapered roller bearing. It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing method of the holder in steps. It is a figure which shows the spat process of the manufacturing method. (A) is a cross-sectional view of a conical trapezoidal material after a squeezing process, and (B) is a bottom view of the same conical trapezoidal material. (A) is a cross-sectional view of a conical trapezoidal material after a pocket formation process and a shaft insertion hole machining process, and (B) is a bottom view of the same conical trapezoidal material.

Embodiments of the invention will be described in conjunction with FIGS. 1-7.
The roller bearing retainer according to this embodiment is applied to, for example, a tapered roller bearing used in a step-up gear of a wind turbine or a generator.
<Configuration of tapered roller bearing>
As shown in FIG. 1, the tapered roller bearing comprises an inner ring 1, an outer ring 2, a plurality of tapered rollers 3 interposed between these inner and outer rings 1, 2 and a cage Rt for holding these tapered rollers 3. Prepare. An inner ring raceway surface 1a is formed on the outer periphery of the inner ring 1, and a large collar 4 and a small collar 5 are respectively provided on the large diameter side and the small diameter side of the inner ring raceway surface 1a. The outer ring raceway surface 2a facing the inner ring raceway surface 1a is formed on the inner periphery of the outer ring 2, and it is made without a collar. The outer periphery of the tapered roller 3 is formed as a rolling surface, and can roll between the inner ring raceway surface 1a and the outer ring raceway surface 2a. Each tapered roller 3 is accommodated in the pocket 6 of the retainer Rt and is held at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the cage Rt is formed in a conical shape from a material such as a steel material. The cage Rt has a conical portion 7 and a bottom plate portion 8 integrally connected to a small diameter portion of the conical portion 7. Pockets 6 for holding the tapered rollers 3 (FIG. 1) are provided at a plurality of circumferential positions of the conical portion 7. A pillar 7 a is provided between the adjacent pockets 6 in the conical portion 7. In the bottom plate portion 8, a shaft insertion hole 8a (FIG. 1) is formed.

<About the configuration of the spatula>
FIG. 3 is a view showing the configuration of the spiral drawing machine 9 used in the method of manufacturing the roller bearing retainer.
The squeezer 9 includes a plurality of (two in this example) rollers 10, a cylindrical portion 11 on which a single disk-like material W serving as a material is placed and supported, and the cylindrical portion 11 has a disk-like material W It has a plurality of bolts 12 for fixing. The disc-shaped material W is concentrically fixed to the cylindrical portion 11.

  A through hole 8b for inserting a plurality of bolts 12 is formed in the bottom plate portion 8 at the center of the disk-shaped material W, and an internal thread for screwing the plurality of bolts 12 is formed on the upper end in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 11. ing. The disc-shaped material W is placed on and supported by the upper end in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 11, the phase of the internal thread and the through hole 8b are matched, and the plurality of bolts 12 are internal threads from the through hole 8b of the disc Screw on. Thus, the disc-shaped material W is concentrically fixed to the cylindrical portion 11. The method of fixing the disk-shaped material W and the cylindrical portion 11 may be screw fastening or the like in addition to fastening with the bolt 12. The central axis of the disk-shaped material W after fixation and the cylindrical portion 11 is taken as an axis K.

  The plurality of rollers 10 are arranged circumferentially at an upper position than the disk-shaped material W, and are configured to be able to contact and separate from the disk-shaped material W in the axial direction, that is, vertically. The plurality of rollers 10 rotate relative to the disk-shaped material W around the axis of the disk-shaped material W. Further, when each roller 10 contacts the disk-shaped material W, each roller 10 is configured to rotate around the axial center of each roller 10 by the frictional force with the same disk-shaped material W. The distance L between the shaft (axial center) K and the roller 10 in the radial direction, the inclination angle α of the roller 10 with respect to the disc material W, and the pressing amount h (FIG. 5) of the roller 10 with respect to the disc material W There is.

<Method of manufacturing a roller bearing cage>
As shown in FIG. 4, the method of manufacturing the roller bearing cage includes a step of drawing a spatula S1, a step of forming a pocket S2, and a step of processing a shaft insertion hole S3. In the example of FIG. 4, although the back shaft insertion hole processing step S3 of the pocket formation step S2 is performed, the pocket formation step S2 and the shaft insertion hole processing step S3 may be performed simultaneously, or the shaft insertion hole The back pocket formation step S2 may be performed in the processing step s3.

<The status of the squeezing process>
After fixing the disc-like material W and the cylindrical part 11 as shown in FIG. 3, in the process of drawing the spatula, as shown in FIG. 5, the outer diameter part Wa (FIG. 3) of one disc-like material as a material. Is formed into a conical shape by drawing with a spatula to form a conical trapezoidal material Tw. In this spatula drawing process, a roller 10 rotating relative to the disk-like material W (FIG. 3) is brought into contact with the disk-like material W to form a conical portion Twa. The radial distance L between the axis K and the roller 10, the inclination angle α of the roller 10 with respect to the disk-like material, and the pressing amount h of the roller 10 with respect to the disk-like material are set according to the shape of the designed cage. Further, in the process of narrowing the spatula, the inclination angle α of the roller 10 is changed stepwise, for example, in two or three stages, to obtain a desired conical trapezoidal material Tw. Thereafter, each bolt 12 is separated from the cylindrical portion 11, and the conical trapezoidal material Tw is removed from the drawing machine 9.

<About the conical trapezoidal material Tw after the squeezing process>
FIG. 6 (A) is a cross-sectional view of the conical trapezoidal material Tw after the squeezing process, and FIG. 6 (B) is a bottom view of the same conical trapezoidal material Tw. The pocket forming process S2 (FIG. 4) and the shaft insertion hole processing process S3 (FIG. 4) are performed on such a conical trapezoidal material Tw. In the pocket formation process, the pockets 6 containing the rollers 3 are machined by laser processing or cutting at a plurality of circumferential positions of the conical portion Twa of the conical trapezoidal material Tw. In the shaft insertion hole processing step S3 (FIG. 4), the shaft insertion hole 8a is processed by laser processing or cutting processing in the bottom plate portion 8 at the center of the conical trapezoidal material Tw.

<Frapid trapezoid material Tw after pocket formation process and shaft insertion hole machining process>
Fig. 7 (A) is a cross-sectional view of the conical trapezoidal material Tw after the pocket formation process and the shaft insertion hole machining process, and Fig. 7 (B) is a bottom view of the same conical trapezoidal material Tw. Pockets 6 are formed at a plurality of circumferential positions of the conical portion Twa of the conical trapezoidal material Tw, and a shaft insertion hole 8a is formed in the bottom plate portion 8 at the center of the conical trapezoidal material Tw. When the laser processing is applied in the pocket formation process and the shaft insertion hole processing process, for example, the pocket 6 or the shaft insertion hole 8a can be cut out using a three-dimensional laser processing machine or the like. It is preferable to finish-process the laser-processed surface after the said laser processing, for example by a shot-plast etc.

<Function effect>
According to the manufacturing method of the roller bearing cage described above, the roller bearing cage can be manufactured without using a mold by adopting the spatula drawing process and the laser process or the shaving process. The amount of raw materials used can be made equal to that of pressing. As a result, the manufacturing cost can be reduced even for small-quantity products.

  Since the radial distance L between the axis K and the roller 10 and the inclination angle α of the roller 10 with respect to the disc-shaped material W are variable, various shapes of the retainer Rt can be formed. Therefore, for the cage Rt of various shapes, it is possible to use the squeezer 9 to perform the squeezing process, and the manufacturing cost can be further reduced.

  In the squeezing process, the inclination angle α of the roller 10 with respect to the disk-shaped material W is changed stepwise to obtain the desired conical trapezoidal material Tw, so that the spring back is reduced and the dimensional accuracy of the retainer Rt can be improved. it can. Further, in the process of drawing by the spatula, since two or more rollers 10 are used, the conical trapezoidal material Tw can be formed uniformly over the entire circumference, and the dimensional accuracy of the holder Rt can be improved.

<Other Embodiments>
The manufacturing method of the roller bearing cage may be applied not only to the cage of the tapered roller bearing described above, but also to, for example, a cage of a large thrust spherical roller bearing used in an injection molding machine or the like.

  As mentioned above, although the form for implementing this invention was demonstrated based on embodiment, embodiment disclosed this time is an illustration and restrictive at no points. The scope of the present invention is indicated not by the above description but by the claims, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the claims.

Reference Signs List 3 roller 6 pocket 8 bottom plate portion 8a shaft insertion hole 10 roller Tw conical trapezoidal material Twa conical shape portion W disk-like material Wa outer diameter portion

Claims (4)

A process of forming a conical trapezoidal material by forming an outer diameter portion of a single disk-like material to be a material into a conical shape by means of a drawing process;
A pocket forming process in which a pocket for accommodating a roller at a plurality of circumferential positions of the conical portion of the conical trapezoidal material is processed by laser processing or cutting;
And a shaft insertion hole processing step of processing a shaft insertion hole in the center bottom plate portion of the conical trapezoidal material by laser processing or cutting processing.   2. The method for manufacturing a roller bearing retainer according to claim 1, wherein the step of drawing the spatula is performed by bringing a roller rotating relative to the disc-like material about the axis of the disc-like material into contact with the cone. A manufacturing method of a roller bearing cage, including a process of forming a shape portion, in which a radial distance between the shaft center and the roller, and an inclination angle of the roller with respect to the disc material are variable.   The method according to claim 2, wherein the inclination angle of the roller with respect to the disk-like material is changed stepwise in the step of drawing the roller to obtain the desired conical trapezoidal material. Method of cage for manufacturing.   The method for manufacturing a roller bearing retainer according to claim 2 or 3, wherein two or more of the rollers are used in the step of drawing the spiral.

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