JP6943749B2 - Orbital ring manufacturing method - Google Patents

Orbital ring manufacturing method Download PDF

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JP6943749B2
JP6943749B2 JP2017242241A JP2017242241A JP6943749B2 JP 6943749 B2 JP6943749 B2 JP 6943749B2 JP 2017242241 A JP2017242241 A JP 2017242241A JP 2017242241 A JP2017242241 A JP 2017242241A JP 6943749 B2 JP6943749 B2 JP 6943749B2
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plate portion
annular plate
disk
ring
manufacturing
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JP2019107670A (en
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淳史 須釜
淳史 須釜
進之助 西島
進之助 西島
克哉 乘田
克哉 乘田
恵太 野口
恵太 野口
西尾 克秀
克秀 西尾
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THK Co Ltd
Nippon Steel Corp
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THK Co Ltd
Nippon Steel Corp
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Description

本発明は、転がり軸受に用いられる軌道輪の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a raceway ring used for a rolling bearing.

転がり軸受は、機械設備、自動車、化学プラント等、様々な分野で使用されており、構成部品の接続部を回転運動させるために用いられている。また、近年では、携帯型情報機器、ウェアラブル端末、医療分野における支援ロボット等の用途として、小型かつ軽量な転がり軸受が求められている。 Rolling bearings are used in various fields such as mechanical equipment, automobiles, chemical plants, etc., and are used to rotate the connection parts of components. Further, in recent years, small and lightweight rolling bearings have been required for applications such as portable information devices, wearable terminals, and support robots in the medical field.

一般に、転がり軸受は、内輪及び外輪からなる軌道輪、内輪と外輪との間に配置される転動体及び転動体を保持する保持器で主に構成される。内輪の外周及び外輪の内周には、ボール形状又は円柱形状の転動体が転動するための軌道溝が設けられる(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
転がり軸受が荷重を受けて回転している状態では、軌道輪は、軌道溝において転動体から繰り返し大きな応力を受ける。
In general, a rolling bearing is mainly composed of a raceway ring composed of an inner ring and an outer ring, a rolling element arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring, and a cage for holding the rolling element. On the outer circumference of the inner ring and the inner circumference of the outer ring, raceway grooves for rolling a ball-shaped or cylindrical rolling element are provided (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
In a state where the rolling bearing is rotated under a load, the raceway ring is repeatedly subjected to a large stress from the rolling element in the raceway groove.

特開2009−279627号公報JP-A-2009-279627

転がり軸受を軽量化するために、軌道輪を軽量化することが求められるが、軌道輪は軌道溝において転動体から大きな応力を受けるため、強度も必要である。 In order to reduce the weight of rolling bearings, it is required to reduce the weight of the raceway ring, but since the raceway ring receives a large stress from the rolling element in the raceway groove, strength is also required.

従って、本発明は、強度を保ちつつ軽量化された転がり軸受に用いられる軌道輪の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a raceway ring used for a rolling bearing which is reduced in weight while maintaining strength.

本発明は、複数の転動体と、該複数の転動体を挟んで径方向の内側と外側に配置される軌道輪と、を備える転がり軸受に用いられ、環状板部と前記転動体を受ける受け部とを備える軌道輪の製造方法であって、円盤状又は中空円盤状の軌道輪用素材を鍛造して前記環状板部となる円板部又は前記環状板部を形成すると共に、前記円板部の外周又は前記環状板部の内周に軸方向の両側に突出した突出部を形成する鍛造工程と、前記突出部を径方向に変形させて、前記円板部又は前記環状板部の軸方向の両側それぞれに円錐台状板部を形成して前記受け部を得る受け部形成工程と、を含む軌道輪の製造方法に関する。 The present invention is used for a rolling bearing including a plurality of rolling elements and raceway rings arranged inside and outside in the radial direction with the plurality of rolling elements interposed therebetween, and receives an annular plate portion and the rolling elements. A method for manufacturing a raceway ring including a portion, wherein a disk-shaped or hollow disk-shaped material for a raceway ring is forged to form a disk portion or the annular plate portion to be the annular plate portion, and the disk portion is formed. A forging step of forming protruding portions on both sides in the axial direction on the outer periphery of the portion or the inner circumference of the annular plate portion, and the shaft of the disk portion or the annular plate portion by deforming the protruding portion in the radial direction. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a raceway ring, which includes a receiving portion forming step of forming a truncated cone-shaped plate portion on each side of the direction to obtain the receiving portion, and a receiving portion forming step.

また、本発明は、複数の転動体と、該複数の転動体を挟んで径方向の内側と外側に配置される軌道輪と、を備える転がり軸受に用いられ、環状板部と、該前記環状板部の前記転動体が配置される側の周の軸方向の両側にそれぞれ配置される2つの円錐台状板部により構成されて前記転動体を受ける受け部と、を備える軌道輪の製造方法であって、円盤状又は中空円盤状の軌道輪用素材を鍛造して前記環状板部となる円板部又は前記環状板部を形成すると共に、前記円板部の外周又は前記環状板部の内周に軸方向の両側に突出した突出部を形成する鍛造工程と、前記突出部を切削して、前記円板部又は前記環状板部の軸方向の両側それぞれに前記円錐台状板部を形成して前記受け部を得る受け部形成工程と、を含む軌道輪の製造方法に関する。 Further, the present invention is used for a rolling bearing including a plurality of rolling elements and raceway rings arranged on the inner and outer sides in the radial direction with the plurality of rolling elements interposed therebetween, and the annular plate portion and the annular plate portion. A method for manufacturing a raceway ring including a receiving portion formed by two truncated cone-shaped plate portions arranged on both sides in the axial direction of the circumference on the plate portion on which the rolling element is arranged and receiving the rolling element. A disk-shaped or hollow disk-shaped material for a raceway ring is forged to form a disk portion or the annular plate portion to be the annular plate portion, and the outer periphery of the disk portion or the annular plate portion. A forging step of forming protruding portions on both sides in the axial direction on the inner circumference, and cutting the protruding portions to form the truncated cone-shaped plate portions on both sides of the disk portion or the annular plate portion in the axial direction. The present invention relates to a receiving portion forming step of forming and obtaining the receiving portion, and a method for manufacturing a raceway ring including the receiving portion.

また、前記鍛造工程において、前記突出部のうち前記円板部側又は前記環状板部側の面は、前記円錐台状板部の前記円板部側又は前記環状板部側の面を構成し、前記受け部形成工程において、前記突出部は、前記円板部とは反対側又は前記環状板部とは反対側の面が切削されることが好ましい。 Further, in the forging step, the surface of the protruding portion on the disk portion side or the annular plate portion side constitutes a surface of the truncated cone-shaped plate portion on the disk portion side or the annular plate portion side. In the receiving portion forming step, it is preferable that the surface of the protruding portion on the side opposite to the disk portion or the surface on the side opposite to the annular plate portion is cut.

また、前記軌道輪用素材は、特殊鋼又はステンレス鋼からなることが好ましい。 Further, the material for the raceway ring is preferably made of special steel or stainless steel.

また、前記軌道輪用素材は、特殊鋼板又はステンレス鋼板から加工されて形成されたものであることが好ましい。 Further, the material for the raceway ring is preferably formed by processing from a special steel plate or a stainless steel plate.

本発明の軌道輪の製造方法によれば、軌道輪の受け部の強度を保ちつつ環状板部の厚みを薄く構成できるので、強度を保ちつつ軽量化が可能である。
また、本発明の軌道輪の製造方法によれば、鍛造により軌道輪の環状板部の厚みを薄くでき、受け部の形成も容易に可能である。
According to the method for manufacturing a raceway ring of the present invention, the thickness of the annular plate portion can be reduced while maintaining the strength of the receiving portion of the raceway ring, so that the weight can be reduced while maintaining the strength.
Further, according to the method for manufacturing a raceway ring of the present invention, the thickness of the annular plate portion of the raceway ring can be reduced by forging, and the receiving portion can be easily formed.

本発明の実施形態における軌道輪の構成を示す概略断面図である。It is schematic cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the raceway ring in embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態における軌道輪の構成を示す概略断面図である。It is schematic cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the raceway ring in embodiment of this invention. 本発明の変形例における軌道輪の構成を示す概略断面図である。It is schematic cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the raceway ring in the modification of this invention. 本発明の軌道輪の第1の製造方法の工程を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the process of the 1st manufacturing method of the raceway ring of this invention. 本発明の軌道輪用素材を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the material for the raceway ring of this invention. 本発明の第1の製造方法に係る内輪の鍛造工程を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the forging process of the inner ring which concerns on the 1st manufacturing method of this invention. 本発明の第1の製造方法に係る内輪の受け部形成工程を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the receiving part formation process of the inner ring which concerns on the 1st manufacturing method of this invention. 本発明の第1の製造方法に係る外輪の鍛造工程を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the forging process of the outer ring which concerns on the 1st manufacturing method of this invention. 本発明の第1の製造方法に係る外輪の受け部形成工程を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the receiving part formation process of the outer ring which concerns on the 1st manufacturing method of this invention. 本発明の軌道輪の第2の製造方法の工程を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the process of the 2nd manufacturing method of the raceway ring of this invention. 本発明の第2の製造方法に係る内輪の鍛造工程を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the forging process of the inner ring which concerns on the 2nd manufacturing method of this invention. 本発明の第2の製造方法に係る内輪の受け部形成工程を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the receiving part formation process of the inner ring which concerns on the 2nd manufacturing method of this invention. 本発明の第2の製造方法に係る外輪の鍛造工程を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the forging process of the outer ring which concerns on the 2nd manufacturing method of this invention. 本発明の第2の製造方法に係る外輪の受け部形成工程を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the receiving part formation process of the outer ring which concerns on the 2nd manufacturing method of this invention.

以下、本発明の軌道輪の製造方法の好ましい各実施形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the method for manufacturing a raceway ring of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

<実施形態>
図1は、本実施形態に係る軌道輪1が内輪1A及び外輪1Bに用いられる転がり軸受100の断面図である。
転がり軸受100は、内輪1Aと、外輪1Bと、転動体110と、転動体110を保持する保持器(不図示)と、を備える。
<Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a rolling bearing 100 in which the raceway ring 1 according to the present embodiment is used for the inner ring 1A and the outer ring 1B.
The rolling bearing 100 includes an inner ring 1A, an outer ring 1B, a rolling element 110, and a cage (not shown) for holding the rolling element 110.

軌道輪1としての内輪1Aは、環状板部10Aと、転動体110を受ける受け部20Aと、を含んで構成され、径方向の内側に転動体110を挟んで外輪1Bと対向して配置される。 The inner ring 1A as the raceway ring 1 is configured to include an annular plate portion 10A and a receiving portion 20A for receiving the rolling element 110, and is arranged so as to face the outer ring 1B with the rolling element 110 interposed therebetween in the radial direction. NS.

環状板部10Aは、所定の板厚を有する環状の板により構成される。環状板部10Aの板厚は、受け部20Aの軸方向の長さよりも薄く構成される。よって、転がり軸受100と部品とを固定する際の取り付け孔を環状板部10Aに設ける場合に、板厚が薄いので、取り付け孔を切削等により開ける加工を容易に行うことができる。 The annular plate portion 10A is composed of an annular plate having a predetermined plate thickness. The plate thickness of the annular plate portion 10A is thinner than the axial length of the receiving portion 20A. Therefore, when the mounting hole for fixing the rolling bearing 100 and the component is provided in the annular plate portion 10A, the plate thickness is thin, so that the mounting hole can be easily drilled by cutting or the like.

受け部20Aは、環状板部10Aの転動体が配置される側である外周に配置され、軸方向の一方側に設けられる第1円錐台状板部21A及び軸方向の他方側に設けられる第2円錐台状板部22Aにより構成される。より詳しく説明すると、第1円錐台状板部21A及び第2円錐台状板部22Aは、環状板部10Aから軸方向の一方側及び他方側にそれぞれ向かうにつれて、拡径していく中空の円錐台である。よって、受け部20Aは、軸を含む面で切断された断面形状がY字状となる。尚、円錐台状板部とは、所定の肉厚で円錐台形に形成され内部が中空のものをいう。以下の説明においても同様である。 The receiving portion 20A is arranged on the outer periphery of the annular plate portion 10A on which the rolling elements are arranged, and is provided on one side in the axial direction and on the other side in the axial direction. It is composed of two truncated cone-shaped plate portions 22A. More specifically, the first truncated cone-shaped plate portion 21A and the second truncated cone-shaped plate portion 22A are hollow cones whose diameters increase from the annular plate portion 10A toward one side and the other side in the axial direction, respectively. It is a stand. Therefore, the receiving portion 20A has a Y-shaped cross section cut on the surface including the shaft. The truncated cone-shaped plate portion refers to a portion formed in a truncated cone shape with a predetermined wall thickness and having a hollow inside. The same applies to the following description.

本実施形態では、第1円錐台状板部21A及び第2円錐台状板部22Aが、環状板部10Aに対して対称となるように構成した。よって、受け部20Aは、転動体110からかかる荷重を軸方向について均等に受けることができる。尚、第1円錐台状板部21A及び第2円錐台状板部22Aがそれぞれ環状板部10Aとなす角度を、転動体110の形状に応じて異ならせてもよい。
また、第1円錐台状板部21Aと第2円錐台状板部22Aとの間の挟角(以下、受け部20Aの挟角とする)は、転動体110が配置可能な角度に設定すればよく、製造時の加工条件から75°以上とすることが可能であり、また、転動体110を受けるために、105°以下とすることが望ましい。本実施形態では、90°とした。
このように、受け部20Aを構成する2つの円錐台状板部21A及び22Aが、軌道輪1の軸方向に対して傾斜しているため、径方向だけでなく、軸方向等、様々な方向からの荷重を受けることができる。
In the present embodiment, the first truncated cone-shaped plate portion 21A and the second truncated cone-shaped plate portion 22A are configured to be symmetrical with respect to the annular plate portion 10A. Therefore, the receiving portion 20A can evenly receive the load applied from the rolling element 110 in the axial direction. The angles formed by the first truncated cone-shaped plate portion 21A and the second truncated cone-shaped plate portion 22A with the annular plate portion 10A may be different depending on the shape of the rolling element 110.
Further, the sandwiching angle between the first truncated cone-shaped plate portion 21A and the second truncated cone-shaped plate portion 22A (hereinafter referred to as the sandwiching angle of the receiving portion 20A) should be set to an angle at which the rolling element 110 can be arranged. It is possible to set the temperature to 75 ° or more from the processing conditions at the time of manufacturing, and it is desirable to set the temperature to 105 ° or less in order to receive the rolling element 110. In this embodiment, it is set to 90 °.
As described above, since the two truncated cone plate portions 21A and 22A constituting the receiving portion 20A are inclined with respect to the axial direction of the raceway ring 1, not only the radial direction but also the axial direction and the like are various directions. Can receive the load from.

軌道輪1としての外輪1Bは、環状板部10Bと、転動体110を受ける受け部20Bと、を含んで構成され、径方向の外側に転動体110を挟んで内輪1Aと対向して配置される。 The outer ring 1B as the raceway ring 1 is configured to include an annular plate portion 10B and a receiving portion 20B for receiving the rolling element 110, and is arranged so as to face the inner ring 1A with the rolling element 110 interposed therebetween in the radial direction. NS.

環状板部10Bは、所定の板厚を有する環状の板により構成される。環状板部10Bの板厚は、受け部20Bの軸方向の大きさよりも薄く構成される。よって、転がり軸受100と部品とを固定する際の取り付け孔を環状板部10Bに設ける場合に、板厚が薄いので、取り付け孔を切削等により開ける加工を容易に行うことができる。 The annular plate portion 10B is composed of an annular plate having a predetermined plate thickness. The plate thickness of the annular plate portion 10B is thinner than the axial size of the receiving portion 20B. Therefore, when the mounting hole for fixing the rolling bearing 100 and the component is provided in the annular plate portion 10B, the plate thickness is thin, so that the mounting hole can be easily drilled by cutting or the like.

受け部20Bは、環状板部10Bの転動体が配置される側である内周に配置され、軸方向の一方側に設けられる第1円錐台状板部21B及び軸方向の他方側に設けられる第2円錐台状板部22Bにより構成される。より詳しく説明すると、第1円錐台状板部21B及び第2円錐台状板部22Bは、環状板部10Bから軸方向の一方側及び他方側にそれぞれ向かうにつれて、縮径していく。よって、受け部20Bは、軸を含む面で切断された断面形状がY字状となる。 The receiving portion 20B is arranged on the inner circumference of the annular plate portion 10B on which the rolling elements are arranged, and is provided on the first truncated cone-shaped plate portion 21B provided on one side in the axial direction and on the other side in the axial direction. It is composed of a second truncated cone plate portion 22B. More specifically, the diameters of the first truncated cone-shaped plate portion 21B and the second truncated cone-shaped plate portion 22B are reduced from the annular plate portion 10B toward one side and the other side in the axial direction, respectively. Therefore, the receiving portion 20B has a Y-shaped cross section cut on the surface including the shaft.

本実施形態では、内輪1Aと同様に外輪1Bにおいても、第1円錐台状板部21B及び第2円錐台状板部22Bが、環状板部10Bに対して対称となるように構成した。よって、受け部20Bは、転動体110からかかる荷重を軸方向について均等に受けることができる。尚、第1円錐台状板部21B及び第2円錐台状板部22Bがそれぞれ環状板部10Bとなす角度を、転動体110の形状に応じて異ならせてもよい。
第1円錐台状板部21Bと第2円錐台状板部22Bとの間の挟角(以下、受け部20Bの挟角とする)は、転動体110が配置可能な角度に設定すればよく、製造時の加工条件から75°以上とすることが可能であり、また、転動体110を受けるために、105°以下とすることが望ましい。本実施形態では、90°とした。
このように、受け部20Bを構成する2つの円錐台状板部21B、22Bが、軌道輪1の軸方向に対して傾斜しているため、径方向だけでなく、軸方向等、様々な方向からの荷重を受けることができる。
In the present embodiment, in the outer ring 1B as well as the inner ring 1A, the first truncated cone-shaped plate portion 21B and the second truncated cone-shaped plate portion 22B are configured to be symmetrical with respect to the annular plate portion 10B. Therefore, the receiving portion 20B can evenly receive the load applied from the rolling element 110 in the axial direction. The angles formed by the first truncated cone-shaped plate portion 21B and the second truncated cone-shaped plate portion 22B with the annular plate portion 10B may be different depending on the shape of the rolling element 110.
The sandwiching angle between the first truncated cone-shaped plate portion 21B and the second truncated cone-shaped plate portion 22B (hereinafter referred to as the sandwiching angle of the receiving portion 20B) may be set to an angle at which the rolling element 110 can be arranged. It is possible to set the temperature to 75 ° or more from the processing conditions at the time of manufacturing, and it is desirable to set the temperature to 105 ° or less in order to receive the rolling element 110. In this embodiment, it is set to 90 °.
As described above, since the two truncated cone-shaped plate portions 21B and 22B constituting the receiving portion 20B are inclined with respect to the axial direction of the raceway ring 1, not only the radial direction but also the axial direction and the like are various directions. Can receive the load from.

転動体110は、内輪1Aの受け部20Aと外輪1Bの受け部20Bとの間に両者に接触した状態で複数配置され、内輪1A及び外輪1Bが相対的に回転すると転動する。
本実施形態では、ボール形状の転動体110を用いたので、転動体110は、受け部20Aを構成する第1円錐台状板部21A及び第2円錐台状板部22A、受け部20Bを構成する第1円錐台状板部21A及び第2円錐台状板部22Aとそれぞれ接触する。よって、1つの転動体110につき4点で、転がり軸受100にかかる荷重を支えるので、様々な方向の荷重を受けることができる。転動体110の形状がボール形状の場合は、受け部20A及び20Bの挟角が90°でなくても同じ角度にすることで、転動体110は受け部20Aと受け部20Bとの間で転動することが可能である。
また、図2に示すように直径と高さが同じである円柱形状の転動体110を用いてもよい。この場合は、受け部20A及び20Bの挟角を90°とする必要がある。円柱形状の転動体110は、受け部20A及び20Bと2辺で接触するので、点接触のボール形状の転動体110と比較して大きい荷重を受けることができる。また、隣接する転動体110の回転軸が直交するように転動体110を受け部20Aと受け部20Bとの間に配置することで、様々な方向の荷重を受けることができる。
A plurality of rolling elements 110 are arranged between the receiving portion 20A of the inner ring 1A and the receiving portion 20B of the outer ring 1B in contact with each other, and roll when the inner ring 1A and the outer ring 1B rotate relatively.
In the present embodiment, since the ball-shaped rolling element 110 is used, the rolling element 110 constitutes the first truncated cone-shaped plate portion 21A, the second truncated cone-shaped plate portion 22A, and the receiving portion 20B constituting the receiving portion 20A. The first truncated cone-shaped plate portion 21A and the second truncated cone-shaped plate portion 22A are in contact with each other. Therefore, since the load applied to the rolling bearing 100 is supported at four points per rolling element 110, it is possible to receive loads in various directions. When the shape of the rolling element 110 is a ball shape, the rolling element 110 rolls between the receiving portion 20A and the receiving portion 20B by making the sandwiching angles of the receiving portions 20A and 20B the same even if they are not 90 °. It is possible to move.
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a cylindrical rolling element 110 having the same diameter and height may be used. In this case, it is necessary to set the sandwiching angle between the receiving portions 20A and 20B to 90 °. Since the cylindrical rolling element 110 is in contact with the receiving portions 20A and 20B on two sides, it can receive a larger load than the ball-shaped rolling element 110 in point contact. Further, by arranging the rolling elements 110 between the receiving portions 20A and the receiving portions 20B so that the rotation axes of the adjacent rolling elements 110 are orthogonal to each other, loads in various directions can be received.

保持器は、複数の転動体110を、内輪1Aの受け部20Aと外輪1Bの受け部20Bとの間で一定の間隔で正しい位置に保持すると共に、転動体110が転がり軸受100から脱落することを防ぐ。 The cage holds the plurality of rolling elements 110 in the correct positions at regular intervals between the receiving portion 20A of the inner ring 1A and the receiving portion 20B of the outer ring 1B, and the rolling elements 110 fall off from the rolling bearing 100. prevent.

上述のように軌道輪1(内輪1A、外輪1B)を構成することにより、軌道輪1の受け部20A、20Bの強度を保ちつつ環状板部10A、10Bの厚みを薄くして軽量化することができる。尚、図3(a)及び(b)に示すように、内輪及び外輪のうちいずれか一方に本発明の内輪1A又は外輪1Bを用い、他方に従来の外輪1b又は内輪1aを用いる構成としてもよい。 By configuring the raceway ring 1 (inner ring 1A, outer ring 1B) as described above, the thickness of the annular plate portions 10A and 10B can be reduced to reduce the weight while maintaining the strength of the receiving portions 20A and 20B of the raceway ring 1. Can be done. As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the inner ring 1A or the outer ring 1B of the present invention may be used for either the inner ring or the outer ring, and the conventional outer ring 1b or inner ring 1a may be used for the other. good.

以上説明した本実施形態の軌道輪1(内輪1A、外輪1B)によれば、以下のような効果を奏する。 According to the raceway ring 1 (inner ring 1A, outer ring 1B) of the present embodiment described above, the following effects are obtained.

(1)軌道輪1を、環状板部10A(又は10B)と、環状板部10A(又は10B)の転動体110が配置される側の周の軸方向の両側にそれぞれ配置される2つの円錐台状板部21A(又は21B)、22A(又は22B)により構成され、転動体を受ける受け部20A(又は20B)と、を備えるものとした。これにより、軌道輪1の受け部20A(又は20B)の強度を保ちつつ、環状板部10A(又は10B)の厚みを薄く構成できるので、軌道輪1の強度を保ちつつ軽量化が可能である。また、受け部20A(又は20B)を構成する2つの円錐台状板部21A(又は21B)、22A(又は22B)が、軌道輪1の軸方向に対して傾斜しているため、径方向だけでなく、軸方向等、様々な方向からの荷重を負荷することができる。 (1) Two cones in which the raceway ring 1 is arranged on both sides of the annular plate portion 10A (or 10B) and the annular plate portion 10A (or 10B) on both sides in the axial direction of the circumference on which the rolling elements 110 are arranged. It is composed of a trapezoidal plate portion 21A (or 21B) and 22A (or 22B), and is provided with a receiving portion 20A (or 20B) for receiving a rolling element. As a result, the thickness of the annular plate portion 10A (or 10B) can be reduced while maintaining the strength of the receiving portion 20A (or 20B) of the raceway ring 1, so that the weight can be reduced while maintaining the strength of the raceway ring 1. .. Further, since the two truncated cone-shaped plate portions 21A (or 21B) and 22A (or 22B) constituting the receiving portion 20A (or 20B) are inclined with respect to the axial direction of the raceway ring 1, only in the radial direction. However, it is possible to load loads from various directions such as the axial direction.

(2)2つの円錐台状板部21A、22A(又は21B、22B)を、環状板部10A(又は10B)に対して対称に形成するものとした。これにより、受け部20A(又は20B)は、転動体110からかかる荷重を軸方向について均等に受けることができ、強度を高めることができる。 (2) The two truncated cone-shaped plate portions 21A, 22A (or 21B, 22B) are formed symmetrically with respect to the annular plate portion 10A (or 10B). As a result, the receiving portion 20A (or 20B) can receive the load applied from the rolling element 110 evenly in the axial direction, and the strength can be increased.

(3)2つの円錐台状板部の間の挟角を略90°となるように構成した。これにより、ボール形状の転動体110だけでなく、直径と高さが同じ円柱形状の転動体110も受け部20A(又は20B)により受けることができる。 (3) The sandwiching angle between the two truncated cone-shaped plate portions is configured to be approximately 90 °. As a result, not only the ball-shaped rolling element 110 but also the cylindrical rolling element 110 having the same diameter and height can be received by the receiving portion 20A (or 20B).

次に、本実施形態の軌道輪1を製造する第1の製造方法について、図4〜図9を参照して説明する。 Next, a first manufacturing method for manufacturing the raceway ring 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 9.

図4は、第1の製造方法における内輪1A及び外輪1Bの製造工程について、概略を示したものである。図4に示すように、製造工程は、(1)ブランク加工工程、(2)鍛造工程、(3)受け部形成工程及び(4)穴開け工程を経て、必要に応じて焼入れ工程及び仕上げ加工工程を行う。 FIG. 4 shows an outline of the manufacturing process of the inner ring 1A and the outer ring 1B in the first manufacturing method. As shown in FIG. 4, the manufacturing process involves (1) blanking process, (2) forging process, (3) receiving portion forming process, and (4) drilling process, and then quenching process and finishing process as necessary. Perform the process.

以下、各工程について詳細に説明する。
<ブランク加工工程>
1つの原素材から軌道輪用素材1’としての内輪用素材1A’と、軌道輪用素材1’としての外輪用素材1B’とを、打ち抜き加工やワイヤー放電加工により得る。原素材としては、機械構造用炭素鋼、工具鋼、軸受鋼等の特殊鋼の鋼板やステンレス鋼の鋼板、丸棒材を切断して据込んで円盤状にしたもの等を用いることができる。ここで、本発明の製造方法によれば、軌道輪用素材1’の板厚は、受け部20A、20Bの軸方向の大きさと同程度のものではなく、薄肉に構成される環状板部10A、10Bの板厚に近く、やや厚いものを用いる必要がある。よって、丸棒材から薄い円盤状の原素材を得るよりは、所定の板厚を有する鋼板を用いる方が好ましい。
本実施形態では、1枚の鋼板からワイヤー放電加工により軌道輪用素材1A’及び1B’を得る。軌道輪用素材1’を鋼板から加工して得ることで、丸棒材を切断する工程や据込み工程が不要となり、製造工程を簡素化することができる。
本実施形態では、図5(a)に示す内輪用素材1A’は、一例として、厚さt=4mm、直径D=24mmの円盤状の形状を有し、図5(b)に示す外輪用素材1B’は、厚さt=4mm、外径D=48mm、内径d=32mmの中空円盤状の形状を有する。
Hereinafter, each step will be described in detail.
<Blank processing process>
From one raw material, an inner ring material 1A'as a raceway ring material 1'and an outer ring material 1B' as a raceway ring material 1'are obtained by punching or wire electric discharge machining. As the raw material, special steel steel plates such as carbon steel for machine structure, tool steel, and bearing steel, stainless steel steel plates, and round bars that have been cut and installed into a disk shape can be used. Here, according to the manufacturing method of the present invention, the plate thickness of the material 1'for the raceway ring is not about the same as the axial size of the receiving portions 20A and 20B, but the annular plate portion 10A formed of a thin wall. It is necessary to use a slightly thick plate that is close to the plate thickness of 10B. Therefore, it is preferable to use a steel plate having a predetermined plate thickness rather than obtaining a thin disk-shaped raw material from a round bar material.
In the present embodiment, materials 1A'and 1B'for raceway rings are obtained from one steel plate by wire electric discharge machining. By processing the material 1'for the raceway ring from a steel plate, the step of cutting the round bar and the step of setting up become unnecessary, and the manufacturing process can be simplified.
In the present embodiment, the material 1A'for the inner ring shown in FIG. 5A has, for example, a disk-shaped shape having a thickness t = 4 mm and a diameter D = 24 mm, and is used for the outer ring shown in FIG. 5B. The material 1B'has a hollow disk-like shape with a thickness t = 4 mm, an outer diameter D = 48 mm, and an inner diameter d = 32 mm.

鍛造工程以降の各工程について、まず内輪1Aについて説明し、後に外輪1Bについて説明する。
<鍛造工程(内輪)>
図6を参照して、内輪1Aの鍛造工程について説明する。
ブランク加工工程で得られた内輪用素材1A’に対して鍛造工程を行う。
図6に示すように、内輪用の分流鍛造金型200Aは、内輪用素材1A’の上部に配置される上部金型210Aと、下部に配置される下部金型220Aと、径方向外側に配置される側面金型230Aと、で構成される。内輪用素材1A’、上部金型210A、下部金型220A及び側面金型230Aは、それぞれの中心軸が一致するように配置される。
上部金型210Aは、内輪用素材1A’の外径(D=24mm)よりも小さい所定の直径(D=18mm)の円柱形状を有し、上下に移動可能である。
下部金型220Aは、内輪用素材1A’の外径よりも小さい上部金型210Aと一致する所定の直径(D=18mm)の円柱形状を有し、下部に固定される。
側面金型230Aは、内輪用素材1A’の外径と一致する内径(d=24mm)の円環形状を有し、下部に固定される。
For each step after the forging step, the inner ring 1A will be described first, and then the outer ring 1B will be described later.
<Forging process (inner ring)>
The forging process of the inner ring 1A will be described with reference to FIG.
A forging process is performed on the inner ring material 1A'obtained in the blanking process.
As shown in FIG. 6, the diversion forging die 200A for the inner ring is arranged on the outer side in the radial direction with the upper die 210A arranged at the upper part of the inner ring material 1A'and the lower die 220A arranged at the lower part. It is composed of a side mold 230A to be formed. The inner ring material 1A', the upper mold 210A, the lower mold 220A, and the side mold 230A are arranged so that their central axes coincide with each other.
The upper mold 210A has a cylindrical shape having a predetermined diameter (D = 18 mm) smaller than the outer diameter (D = 24 mm) of the inner ring material 1A'and can be moved up and down.
The lower mold 220A has a cylindrical shape having a predetermined diameter (D = 18 mm) that matches the upper mold 210A, which is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner ring material 1A', and is fixed to the lower portion.
The side mold 230A has an inner diameter (d = 24 mm) that matches the outer diameter of the inner ring material 1A', and is fixed to the lower portion.

図6(a)に示すように内輪用素材1A’を内輪用の分流鍛造金型200Aに配置して、図6(b)に示すように、上部金型210Aを所定量押し込むことにより、図6(c)に示す内輪中間成形体1A’’が形成される。
内輪中間成形体1A’’は、環状板部10Aとなる所定の直径及び所定の板厚を有する円板部10A’と、円板部10A’の外周に軸方向の両側に突出した突出部20A’と、を備える。
円板部10A’の板厚H3は、上部金型210Aの押し込み量H1によって調整することができ、内輪用素材1A’の板厚tから押し込み量H1を減ずることにより算出することができる(図6(c)参照)。
突出部20A’は、軸方向に所定の大きさH2を有し、上部に突出した上部突出部21A’と下部に突出した下部突出部22A’で構成される。
As shown in FIG. 6A, the inner ring material 1A'is arranged in the diversion forging die 200A for the inner ring, and as shown in FIG. 6B, the upper die 210A is pushed in by a predetermined amount. The inner ring intermediate molded body 1A ″ shown in 6 (c) is formed.
The inner ring intermediate molded body 1A'' has a disc portion 10A'having a predetermined diameter and a predetermined plate thickness to be the annular plate portion 10A, and a protruding portion 20A protruding from both sides in the axial direction on the outer circumference of the disc portion 10A'. 'And prepare.
The plate thickness H3 of the disk portion 10A'can be adjusted by the pushing amount H1 of the upper mold 210A, and can be calculated by subtracting the pushing amount H1 from the plate thickness t of the inner ring material 1A'(FIG. 6 (c)).
The protruding portion 20A'has a predetermined size H2 in the axial direction, and is composed of an upper protruding portion 21A'protruding upward and a lower protruding portion 22A' projecting downward.

<受け部形成工程(内輪)>
次に図7を参照して、内輪1Aの受け部形成工程について説明する。
図7に示すように、内輪用の受け部形成金型300Aは、内輪中間成形体1A’’の上部に配置される上部金型310Aと、下部に配置される下部金型320A及び下部金型321A、で構成される。
上部金型310Aは、小径が上部金型210Aの直径(D=18mm)と一致し、母線が中心軸に対して所定の角度θをなす円錐台形状を有し、上下に移動可能である。
下部金型320Aは、直径が下部金型220Aの直径(D=18mm)と一致する円柱形状を有し、下部に固定される。
下部金型321Aは、上部金型310Aを上下反転させたものと同様の形状を有し、下部に固定される。
<Receiving part forming process (inner ring)>
Next, the step of forming the receiving portion of the inner ring 1A will be described with reference to FIG. 7.
As shown in FIG. 7, the receiving portion forming mold 300A for the inner ring includes an upper mold 310A arranged at the upper part of the inner ring intermediate molded body 1A ″, and a lower mold 320A and a lower mold arranged at the lower part. It is composed of 321A.
The upper mold 310A has a truncated cone shape in which the small diameter coincides with the diameter (D = 18 mm) of the upper mold 210A and the generatrix forms a predetermined angle θ with respect to the central axis, and the upper mold 310A can move up and down.
The lower mold 320A has a cylindrical shape whose diameter matches the diameter (D = 18 mm) of the lower mold 220A, and is fixed to the lower portion.
The lower mold 321A has a shape similar to that of the upper mold 310A inverted upside down, and is fixed to the lower portion.

鍛造工程で得られた内輪中間成形体1A’’を、図7(a)に示すように上部金型310A及び下部金型320Aとの間に配置して、図7(b)に示すように、上部金型310Aで内輪中間成形体1A’’を加圧して、上部突出部21A’を径方向に変形させて、円錐台状板部21Aを形成する。その後、図7(c)に示すように下部に配置する金型を下部金型321Aに換えて、内輪中間成形体1A’’を上下反転させ、図7(d)に示すように、上部金型310Aで内輪中間成形体1A’’を加圧して、下部突出部22A’を径方向に変形させて、円錐台状板部22Aを形成する。このように、円錐台状板部21A及び22Aからなる受け部20Aは、突出部20A’が外径方向に伸びが生じる伸びフランジ変形により、軸を含む面で切断された断面形状がY字状となるように形成される。尚、上部金型310A及び下部金型321Aを用いて、同時に上部突出部21A’及び下部突出部22A’を径方向に変形させてもよい。 The inner ring intermediate molded body 1A'' obtained in the forging step is arranged between the upper mold 310A and the lower mold 320A as shown in FIG. 7 (a), and as shown in FIG. 7 (b). , The inner ring intermediate molded body 1A'' is pressed by the upper mold 310A to deform the upper protruding portion 21A'in the radial direction to form the truncated cone-shaped plate portion 21A. After that, as shown in FIG. 7 (c), the mold arranged at the lower part is replaced with the lower mold 321A, the inner ring intermediate molded body 1A'' is turned upside down, and as shown in FIG. 7 (d), the upper mold is turned upside down. The inner ring intermediate molded body 1A ″ is pressed by the mold 310A to deform the lower protruding portion 22A ′ in the radial direction to form the truncated cone-shaped plate portion 22A. As described above, the receiving portion 20A composed of the truncated cone-shaped plate portions 21A and 22A has a Y-shaped cross-sectional shape cut on the surface including the shaft due to the deformation of the extension flange in which the protrusion 20A'extends in the outer diameter direction. It is formed so as to be. The upper mold 310A and the lower mold 321A may be used to simultaneously deform the upper protrusion 21A'and the lower protrusion 22A'in the radial direction.

<穴開け工程>
鍛造工程又は受け部形成工程の後に、内輪中間成形体1A’’を構成する円板部10A’の中心部に所定の直径を有する円形の穴を開けて環状板部10Aが形成される。
<Drilling process>
After the forging step or the receiving portion forming step, the annular plate portion 10A is formed by forming a circular hole having a predetermined diameter in the central portion of the disc portion 10A'forming the inner ring intermediate molded body 1A''.

以上、説明したブランク加工工程、鍛造工程、受け部形成工程及び穴開け工程を経て、内輪1Aが得られる。内輪1Aについて、硬度を高める必要があるものは、次の工程で焼入れを行う。また、受け部20Aについて、より高精度に形成する必要があるものは、軽度に切削、研削及び研磨等の仕上げ加工工程を行う。 The inner ring 1A is obtained through the blanking step, the forging step, the receiving portion forming step, and the drilling step described above. If the inner ring 1A needs to be hardened, it is quenched in the next step. Further, if the receiving portion 20A needs to be formed with higher accuracy, a finishing process such as cutting, grinding and polishing is performed lightly.

次に、外輪1Bの鍛造工程以降の各工程について説明する。
<鍛造工程(外輪)>
図8を参照して、外輪1Bの鍛造工程について説明する。
ブランク加工工程で得られた外輪用素材1B’に対して鍛造工程を行う。
図8に示すように、外輪用の分流鍛造金型200Bは、外輪用素材1B’の上部に配置される上部金型210Bと、外輪用素材1B’に貫通して下部に配置される下部金型220Bと、外輪用素材1B’の外周側の下部に配置される側面金型230Bと、で構成される。外輪用素材1B’、上部金型210B、下部金型220B及び側面金型230Bは、それぞれの中心軸が一致するように配置される。
上部金型210Bは、上部円環211Bと下部円環212Bとを含んで構成される。上部円環211Bは、外輪用素材1B’の外径(D=48mm)よりも小さく、外輪用素材1B’の内径よりも大きい所定の内径(d=38mm)を有する。下部円環212Bは、外輪用素材1B’の外径と一致する所定の内径(d=48mm)を有する。
下部金型220Bは、外輪用素材1B’の内径(d=32mm)と一致する所定の直径(D=32mm)の円柱形状を有し、下部に固定される。
側面金型230Bは、円環状の形状を有し、下部に固定される。側面金型230Bは、外輪用素材1B’の外径と一致する所定の外径(D=48mm)を有し、上部円環211Bの内径と一致する所定の内径(d=38mm)を有する。
Next, each step after the forging step of the outer ring 1B will be described.
<Forging process (outer ring)>
The forging process of the outer ring 1B will be described with reference to FIG.
A forging process is performed on the outer ring material 1B'obtained in the blanking process.
As shown in FIG. 8, the diversion forging die 200B for the outer ring includes an upper die 210B arranged above the outer ring material 1B'and a lower die penetrating the outer ring material 1B' and arranged below. It is composed of a mold 220B and a side mold 230B arranged at the lower part on the outer peripheral side of the outer ring material 1B'. The outer ring material 1B', the upper mold 210B, the lower mold 220B, and the side mold 230B are arranged so that their central axes coincide with each other.
The upper mold 210B includes an upper ring 211B and a lower ring 212B. The upper ring 211B has a predetermined inner diameter (d = 38 mm) that is smaller than the outer diameter (D = 48 mm) of the outer ring material 1B'and larger than the inner diameter of the outer ring material 1B'. The lower annulus 212B has a predetermined inner diameter (d = 48 mm) that matches the outer diameter of the outer ring material 1B'.
The lower mold 220B has a cylindrical shape with a predetermined diameter (D = 32 mm) that matches the inner diameter (d = 32 mm) of the outer ring material 1B', and is fixed to the lower portion.
The side mold 230B has an annular shape and is fixed to the lower portion. The side mold 230B has a predetermined outer diameter (D = 48 mm) that matches the outer diameter of the outer ring material 1B', and has a predetermined inner diameter (d = 38 mm) that matches the inner diameter of the upper ring 211B.

図8(a)に示すように、外輪用素材1B’は、下部金型220Bが貫通した状態で、側面金型230Bにより支持されて配置される。図8(b)に示すように、上部金型210Bを所定量押し込むことにより、図8(c)に示す外輪中間成形体1B’’が形成される。
外輪中間成形体1B’’は、環状板部10Bと、環状板部10Bの内周に軸方向の両側に突出した突出部20B’と、備える。
環状板部10Bの板厚H3は、上部金型210Bの押し込み量H1によって調整することができ、外輪用素材1B’の板厚tから押し込み量H1を減ずることにより算出することができる(図8(c)参照)。
突出部20B’は、軸方向に所定の大きさH2を有し、上部に突出した上部突出部21B’と下部に突出した下部突出部22B’で構成される。
As shown in FIG. 8A, the outer ring material 1B'is arranged while being supported by the side mold 230B with the lower mold 220B penetrating. As shown in FIG. 8 (b), the outer ring intermediate molded body 1B ″ shown in FIG. 8 (c) is formed by pushing the upper mold 210B by a predetermined amount.
The outer ring intermediate molded body 1B ″ includes an annular plate portion 10B and protrusions 20B'protruding on both sides in the axial direction on the inner circumference of the annular plate portion 10B.
The plate thickness H3 of the annular plate portion 10B can be adjusted by the pushing amount H1 of the upper mold 210B, and can be calculated by subtracting the pushing amount H1 from the plate thickness t of the outer ring material 1B'(FIG. 8). (C).
The protruding portion 20B'has a predetermined size H2 in the axial direction, and is composed of an upper protruding portion 21B'protruding upward and a lower protruding portion 22B' projecting downward.

<受け部形成工程(外輪)>
次に図9を参照して、外輪1Bの受け部形成工程について説明する。
図9に示すように、外輪用の受け部形成金型300Bは、外輪中間成形体1B’’の上部に配置される上部金型310Bと、下部に配置される下部金型320Bと、で構成される。
上部金型310Bは、上方側を上面、下方側を底面とする円錐台がくり抜かれた形状を備え、上下に移動可能である。くり抜かれた底面の直径は、上部金型210Bの上部円環211Bの内径と一致し、円錐台の母線は中心軸に対して所定の角度θをなす。
下部金型320Bは、直径が側面金型230Bの内径(d=38mm)と一致する円環形状を有し、下部に固定される。
下部金型321Bは、上部金型310Bを上下反転させたものと同様の形状を有し、下部に固定される。
<Receiving part forming process (outer ring)>
Next, the step of forming the receiving portion of the outer ring 1B will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 9, the receiving portion forming mold 300B for the outer ring includes an upper mold 310B arranged at the upper part of the outer ring intermediate molded body 1B ″ and a lower mold 320B arranged at the lower part. Will be done.
The upper mold 310B has a shape in which a truncated cone having an upper surface as an upper surface and a lower surface as a bottom surface is hollowed out, and can be moved up and down. The diameter of the hollowed out bottom surface coincides with the inner diameter of the upper ring 211B of the upper mold 210B, and the generatrix of the truncated cone forms a predetermined angle θ with respect to the central axis.
The lower mold 320B has an annular shape whose diameter matches the inner diameter (d = 38 mm) of the side mold 230B, and is fixed to the lower portion.
The lower mold 321B has a shape similar to that of the upper mold 310B inverted upside down, and is fixed to the lower portion.

鍛造工程で得られた外輪中間成形体1B’’を、図9(a)に示すように上部金型310B及び下部金型320Bとの間に配置して、図9(b)に示すように、上部金型310Bで外輪中間成形体1B’’を加圧して、上部突出部21B’を径方向に変形させて、円錐台状板部21Bを形成する。その後、図9(c)に示すように下部に配置する金型を下部金型321Bに換えて、外輪中間成形体1B’’を上下反転させ、図9(d)に示すように、上部金型310Bで外輪中間成形体1B’’を加圧して、下部突出部22B’を径方向に変形させて、円錐台状板部22Bを形成する。このように、円錐台状板部21B及び22Bからなる受け部20Bは、突出部20B’が内径方向に縮みが生じる縮みフランジ変形により、軸を含む面で切断された断面形状がY字状となるように形成される。尚、上部金型310B及び下部金型321Bを用いて、同時に上部突出部21B’及び下部突出部22B’を径方向に変形させてもよい。 The outer ring intermediate molded body 1B'' obtained in the forging step is arranged between the upper mold 310B and the lower mold 320B as shown in FIG. 9A, and as shown in FIG. 9B. , The outer ring intermediate molded body 1B'' is pressed by the upper mold 310B to deform the upper protruding portion 21B'in the radial direction to form the truncated cone-shaped plate portion 21B. After that, the mold arranged at the lower part is replaced with the lower mold 321B as shown in FIG. 9C, the outer ring intermediate molded body 1B'' is turned upside down, and the upper metal is as shown in FIG. 9D. The outer ring intermediate molded body 1B'' is pressed by the mold 310B to deform the lower protruding portion 22B'in the radial direction to form the truncated cone-shaped plate portion 22B. In this way, the receiving portion 20B composed of the truncated cone-shaped plate portions 21B and 22B has a Y-shaped cross-sectional shape cut on the surface including the shaft due to the shrinkage flange deformation in which the protrusion 20B'shrinks in the inner diameter direction. Is formed to be. The upper mold 310B and the lower mold 321B may be used to simultaneously deform the upper protrusion 21B'and the lower protrusion 22B'in the radial direction.

以上、説明したブランク加工工程、鍛造工程及び受け部形成工程を経て、外輪1Bが得られる。外輪1Bについて、硬度を高める必要があるものは、次の工程で焼入れを行う。また、受け部20Bについて、より高精度に形成する必要があるものは、軽度に切削、研削及び研磨等の仕上げ加工工程を行う。 The outer ring 1B is obtained through the blank processing step, the forging step, and the receiving portion forming step described above. If the hardness of the outer ring 1B needs to be increased, quenching is performed in the next step. Further, if the receiving portion 20B needs to be formed with higher accuracy, a finishing process such as cutting, grinding and polishing is performed lightly.

以上、説明した本発明の軌道輪1の第1の製造方法によれば、以下の効果を奏する。 According to the first manufacturing method of the raceway ring 1 of the present invention described above, the following effects are obtained.

(4)軌道輪1を、円盤状又は中空円盤状の軌道輪用素材1A’(又は1B’)を鍛造して環状板部10Aとなる円板部又は環状板部10Bを形成すると共に、円板部10A’の外周又は環状板部10Bの内周に軸方向の両側に突出した突出部20A’、20B’を形成する鍛造工程と、突出部20A’、20B’を径方向に変形させて、円板部10A’又は環状板部10Bの軸方向の両側それぞれに円錐台状板部21A及び22A、21B及び22Bを形成して受け部20A、20Bを得る受け部形成工程と、を含んで製造するものとした。これにより、転動体110を受ける受け部20A、20Bを切削などによらずに形成することができる。また、環状板部を切削によらず薄肉に形成することができる。よって、環状板部及び受け部を鍛造によらず全て切削により形成する場合に比べて、製造時間を短縮でき、切削量を減らすことができるので、工具寿命の低下を抑制し、材料歩留まりを向上させることができる。 (4) The raceway ring 1 is forged from a disk-shaped or hollow disk-shaped raceway ring material 1A'(or 1B') to form a disk portion or an annular plate portion 10B to be an annular plate portion 10A, and a circle. A forging step of forming protruding portions 20A'and 20B'protruding on both sides in the axial direction on the outer circumference of the plate portion 10A'or the inner circumference of the annular plate portion 10B, and deforming the protruding portions 20A'and 20B'in the radial direction. , A receiving portion forming step of forming the truncated cone-shaped plate portions 21A and 22A, 21B and 22B on both sides of the disk portion 10A'or the annular plate portion 10B in the axial direction to obtain the receiving portions 20A and 20B, respectively. It was supposed to be manufactured. As a result, the receiving portions 20A and 20B that receive the rolling elements 110 can be formed without cutting or the like. Further, the annular plate portion can be formed to be thin without cutting. Therefore, compared to the case where the annular plate portion and the receiving portion are all formed by cutting without forging, the manufacturing time can be shortened and the cutting amount can be reduced, so that the decrease in tool life is suppressed and the material yield is improved. Can be made to.

(5)軌道輪用素材1’(1A’、1B’)を、特殊鋼又はステンレス鋼からなるものとした。特殊鋼又はステンレス鋼を用いて高強度の軌道輪1を製造する場合であっても、小さい製造負荷で製造することができる。 (5) The material 1'(1A', 1B') for the raceway ring was made of special steel or stainless steel. Even when the high-strength raceway ring 1 is manufactured using special steel or stainless steel, it can be manufactured with a small manufacturing load.

次に、本実施形態の軌道輪1を製造する第2の製造方法について、図10〜図14を参照して説明する。 Next, a second manufacturing method for manufacturing the raceway ring 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 14.

図10は、第2の製造方法における内輪1A及び外輪1Bの製造工程について、概略を示したものである。図10に示すように、製造工程は、(1)ブランク加工工程、(2)鍛造工程、(3)受け部形成工程及び(4)穴開け工程を経て、必要に応じて焼入れ工程及び仕上げ加工工程を行う。(1)ブランク加工工程及び(4)穴開け工程は、第1の製造方法におけるものと同様であるので説明を省略し、(2)鍛造工程及び(3)受け部形成工程について、以下に詳しく説明する。 FIG. 10 shows an outline of the manufacturing process of the inner ring 1A and the outer ring 1B in the second manufacturing method. As shown in FIG. 10, the manufacturing process involves (1) blanking process, (2) forging process, (3) receiving portion forming process, and (4) drilling process, and then quenching process and finishing process as necessary. Perform the process. Since the (1) blanking process and (4) drilling process are the same as those in the first manufacturing method, the description thereof will be omitted, and the (2) forging process and (3) receiving portion forming process will be described in detail below. explain.

<鍛造工程(内輪)>
図11を参照して、内輪1Aの鍛造工程について説明する。
ブランク加工工程で得られた内輪用素材1A’に対して鍛造工程を行う。
図11に示すように、内輪用の分流鍛造金型400Aは、内輪用素材1A’の上部に配置される上部金型410Aと、下部に配置される下部金型420Aと、径方向外側に配置される側面金型430Aと、で構成される。内輪用素材1A’、上部金型410A、下部金型420A及び側面金型430Aは、それぞれの中心軸が一致するように配置される。
<Forging process (inner ring)>
The forging process of the inner ring 1A will be described with reference to FIG.
A forging process is performed on the inner ring material 1A'obtained in the blanking process.
As shown in FIG. 11, the diversion forging die 400A for the inner ring is arranged on the outer side in the radial direction with the upper die 410A arranged at the upper part of the inner ring material 1A'and the lower die 420A arranged at the lower part. It is composed of a side mold 430A to be formed. The inner ring material 1A', the upper mold 410A, the lower mold 420A, and the side mold 430A are arranged so that their central axes coincide with each other.

上部金型410Aは、上面を内輪用素材1A’側に向けた逆円錐台形状部分411Aと、この逆円錐台形状部分411Aの上部(底面側)に配置される円柱形状(円板形状)部分412Aと、を備え、上下に移動可能である。逆円錐台形状部分411Aは、母線が中心軸に対して所定の角度θをなし、所定の直径(D=18mm)の上面と、内輪用素材1A’の外径(D=24mm)と一致する直径の底面と、を有する。円柱形状部分412Aは、内輪用素材1A’の外径(D=24mm)と一致する直径を有する。 The upper mold 410A has an inverted cone-shaped portion 411A whose upper surface faces the inner ring material 1A'side, and a cylindrical (disk-shaped) portion arranged on the upper portion (bottom side) of the inverted cone-shaped portion 411A. It is equipped with 412A and can be moved up and down. In the inverted cone-shaped portion 411A, the generatrix forms a predetermined angle θ with respect to the central axis, and coincides with the upper surface having a predetermined diameter (D = 18 mm) and the outer diameter (D = 24 mm) of the inner ring material 1A'. It has a bottom surface with a diameter. The cylindrical portion 412A has a diameter that matches the outer diameter (D = 24 mm) of the inner ring material 1A'.

下部金型420Aは、上部金型410Aを上下反転させたものと同様の形状を有する。
側面金型430Aは、内輪用素材1A’の外径と一致する内径(d=24mm)の円環形状を有し、下部に固定される。
The lower mold 420A has a shape similar to that of the upper mold 410A inverted upside down.
The side mold 430A has an inner diameter (d = 24 mm) that matches the outer diameter of the inner ring material 1A', and is fixed to the lower portion.

図11(a)に示すように内輪用素材1A’を内輪用の分流鍛造金型400Aに配置して、図11(b)に示すように、上部金型410Aを所定量押し込むことにより、図11(c)に示す内輪中間成形体1A’’’が形成される。
内輪中間成形体1A’’’は、環状板部10Aとなる所定の直径及び所定の板厚を有する円板部10A’と、円板部10A’の外周に軸方向の両側に突出した突出部20A’’と、を備える。
円板部10A’の板厚H3は、上部金型410Aの押し込み量H1によって調整することができ、内輪用素材1A’の板厚tから押し込み量H1を減ずることにより算出することができる(図11(c)参照)。
突出部20A’’は、軸を含む面で切断された断面形状が三角形状となるように形成され、軸方向に所定の大きさH2を有する。また、突出部20A’’のうち径方向内側の面(円板部10A’側の面)は、後に説明する受け部形成工程によらず、鍛造工程だけで、受け部20Aの径方向内側の面を構成する。
As shown in FIG. 11A, the inner ring material 1A'is arranged in the diversion forging die 400A for the inner ring, and as shown in FIG. 11B, the upper die 410A is pushed in by a predetermined amount. The inner ring intermediate molded body 1A'' shown in 11 (c) is formed.
The inner ring intermediate molded body 1A ″ has a disc portion 10A ′ having a predetermined diameter and a predetermined plate thickness to be the annular plate portion 10A, and protruding portions protruding from both sides in the axial direction on the outer circumference of the disc portion 10A ′. 20A'' and.
The plate thickness H3 of the disk portion 10A'can be adjusted by the pushing amount H1 of the upper mold 410A, and can be calculated by subtracting the pushing amount H1 from the plate thickness t of the inner ring material 1A'(FIG. 11 (c)).
The protrusion 20A ″ is formed so that the cross-sectional shape cut on the surface including the shaft is triangular, and has a predetermined size H2 in the axial direction. Further, the radial inner surface of the protruding portion 20A'' (the surface on the disc portion 10A'side) is the radial inner surface of the receiving portion 20A only by the forging step, regardless of the receiving portion forming step described later. Make up the face.

<受け部形成工程(内輪)>
次に図12を参照して、内輪1Aの受け部形成工程について説明する。第2の製造方法では、鍛造工程により形成された突出部20A’’(図12(a)参照)のうち径方向外側の面を切削することにより、円板部10A’の軸方向の両側それぞれに円錐台状板部21A及び22Aを形成して受け部20Aを形成する。図12(b)に示すように、受け部20Aは、軸を含む面で切断された断面形状がY字状となるように形成される。
<Receiving part forming process (inner ring)>
Next, the step of forming the receiving portion of the inner ring 1A will be described with reference to FIG. In the second manufacturing method, the radial outer surface of the protruding portion 20A'' (see FIG. 12A) formed by the forging step is cut to form both sides of the disc portion 10A'in the axial direction. 21A and 22A of the truncated cone-shaped plate portions are formed in the above to form the receiving portion 20A. As shown in FIG. 12B, the receiving portion 20A is formed so that the cross-sectional shape cut by the surface including the shaft is Y-shaped.

尚、第2の製造法の鍛造工程において、第1の製造方法の鍛造工程で用いられる金型と同様の金型を用いて突出部を形成後、受け部形成工程において、突出部の全面を切削することにより受け部20Aを形成してもよい。しかしながら、上述のように鍛造工程において受け部20Aの片面側を形成し、受け部形成工程においてもう片面側を切削に形成して受け部20Aを得る方が、切削量を低減することができるため好ましい。 In the forging step of the second manufacturing method, after forming the protruding portion using the same mold as the mold used in the forging step of the first manufacturing method, in the receiving portion forming step, the entire surface of the protruding portion is covered. The receiving portion 20A may be formed by cutting. However, as described above, it is possible to reduce the cutting amount by forming one side of the receiving portion 20A in the forging process and forming the other side in cutting in the receiving portion forming step to obtain the receiving portion 20A. preferable.

以上、説明したブランク加工工程、鍛造工程、受け部形成工程及び穴開け工程を経て、内輪1Aが得られる。内輪1Aについて、硬度を高める必要があるものは、次の工程で焼入れを行う。また、受け部20Aについて、より高精度に形成する必要があるものは、軽度に切削、研削及び研磨等の仕上げ加工工程を行う。 The inner ring 1A is obtained through the blanking step, the forging step, the receiving portion forming step, and the drilling step described above. If the inner ring 1A needs to be hardened, it is quenched in the next step. Further, if the receiving portion 20A needs to be formed with higher accuracy, a finishing process such as cutting, grinding and polishing is performed lightly.

次に、第2の製造方法における外輪1Bの鍛造工程以降の各工程について説明する。
<鍛造工程(外輪)>
図13を参照して、外輪1Bの鍛造工程について説明する。
ブランク加工工程で得られた外輪用素材1B’に対して鍛造工程を行う。
図13に示すように、外輪用の分流鍛造金型400Bは、外輪用素材1B’を貫通するように外輪用素材1B’の上部に配置される上部金型410Bと、外輪用素材1B’の外周側の下部に配置される下部金型420Bと、径方向外側に配置される側面金型430Bと、で構成される。外輪用素材1B’、上部金型410B、下部金型420B及び側面金型430Bは、それぞれの中心軸が一致するように配置される。
Next, each step after the forging step of the outer ring 1B in the second manufacturing method will be described.
<Forging process (outer ring)>
The forging process of the outer ring 1B will be described with reference to FIG.
A forging process is performed on the outer ring material 1B'obtained in the blanking process.
As shown in FIG. 13, the diversion forging die 400B for the outer ring includes an upper die 410B arranged above the outer ring material 1B'so as to penetrate the outer ring material 1B', and the outer ring material 1B'. It is composed of a lower mold 420B arranged at the lower part on the outer peripheral side and a side mold 430B arranged on the outer side in the radial direction. The outer ring material 1B', the upper mold 410B, the lower mold 420B, and the side mold 430B are arranged so that their central axes coincide with each other.

上部金型410Bは、外輪用素材1B’を貫通する円柱形状部分411Bと、外輪用素材1B’の外周側の上部に配置される円環形状部分412Bと、を備え、上下に移動可能である。円柱形状部分411Bは、外輪用素材1B’の内径(d=32mm)と一致する所定の直径(D=32mm)を有する(図5参照)。円環形状部分412Bは、外輪用素材1B’の外径(D=48mm)と一致する直径の円柱から、上方側を上面、下方側を底面とする円錐台がくり抜かれた形状の小径部分と、この小径部分の上部に配置され小径部分よりも大径の大径部分とを有する。くり抜かれた円錐台の底面の直径は、外輪1Bの環状板部10Bの内径と一致し、上面の直径は、外輪用素材1B’の内径(d=32mm)と一致し、円錐台の母線は中心軸に対して所定の角度θをなす。 The upper mold 410B includes a cylindrical portion 411B penetrating the outer ring material 1B'and an annular portion 412B arranged on the outer peripheral side upper portion of the outer ring material 1B', and can be moved up and down. .. The cylindrical portion 411B has a predetermined diameter (D = 32 mm) that matches the inner diameter (d = 32 mm) of the outer ring material 1B'(see FIG. 5). The ring-shaped portion 412B is a small-diameter portion having a shape in which a truncated cone having an upper side as an upper surface and a lower side as a bottom surface is hollowed out from a cylinder having a diameter corresponding to the outer diameter (D = 48 mm) of the outer ring material 1B'. , It is arranged above this small diameter portion and has a large diameter portion having a larger diameter than the small diameter portion. The diameter of the bottom surface of the hollowed cone matches the inner diameter of the annular plate portion 10B of the outer ring 1B, the diameter of the upper surface matches the inner diameter of the outer ring material 1B'(d = 32 mm), and the generatrix of the truncated cone is It forms a predetermined angle θ with respect to the central axis.

下部金型420Bは、外輪用素材1B’の下部に上部金型410Bの円環形状部分412Bを上下反転させたものと同様の円環形状部分421Bと、この円環形状部分421Bの下部に上部金型410Bの円柱形状部分411Bが貫通可能であり、外輪用素材1B’の外径及び内径と一致する外径及び内径を有する円環形状部分422Bと、を備える。 The lower mold 420B has a ring-shaped portion 421B similar to the one in which the ring-shaped portion 412B of the upper mold 410B is turned upside down at the lower part of the outer ring material 1B', and an upper portion at the lower part of the ring-shaped portion 421B. The cylindrical portion 411B of the mold 410B can be penetrated, and includes an annulus-shaped portion 422B having an outer diameter and an inner diameter that match the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the outer ring material 1B'.

側面金型430Bは、円環状の形状を有し、外輪用素材1B’、上部金型410Bの円環形状部分412B及び下部金型420Bの側面に配置され、外輪用素材1B’の外径と一致する所定の内径(D=48mm)を有する。 The side mold 430B has an annular shape and is arranged on the side surface of the outer ring material 1B', the annular shape portion 412B of the upper mold 410B and the lower mold 420B, and has the outer diameter of the outer ring material 1B'. It has a matching predetermined inner diameter (D = 48 mm).

図13(a)に示すように、外輪用素材1B’は、上部金型410Bが貫通した状態で、下部金型420Bにより支持されて配置される。図13(b)に示すように、上部金型410Bを所定量押し込むことにより、図13(c)に示す外輪中間成形体1B’’’が形成される。
外輪中間成形体1B’’’は、環状板部10Bと、環状板部10Bの内周に軸方向の両側に突出した突出部20B’’と、備える。
環状板部10Bの板厚H3は、上部金型210Bの押し込み量H1によって調整することができ、外輪用素材1B’の板厚tから押し込み量H1を減ずることにより算出することができる(図13(c)参照)。
突出部20B’’は、軸方向に所定の大きさH2を有し、軸を含む面で切断された断面形状が三角形状となるように形成される。また、突出部20B’’のうち径方向外側の面は、後に説明する受け部形成工程によらず、鍛造工程だけで、受け部20Bの径方向外側の面を構成する。
As shown in FIG. 13A, the outer ring material 1B'is supported and arranged by the lower mold 420B in a state where the upper mold 410B penetrates the material 1B'. As shown in FIG. 13 (b), the outer ring intermediate molded body 1B ″'shown in FIG. 13 (c) is formed by pushing the upper mold 410B by a predetermined amount.
The outer ring intermediate molded body 1B ″ includes an annular plate portion 10B and protrusions 20B ″ protruding on both sides in the axial direction on the inner circumference of the annular plate portion 10B.
The plate thickness H3 of the annular plate portion 10B can be adjusted by the pushing amount H1 of the upper mold 210B, and can be calculated by subtracting the pushing amount H1 from the plate thickness t of the outer ring material 1B'(FIG. 13). (C).
The protrusion 20B'' has a predetermined size H2 in the axial direction, and is formed so that the cross-sectional shape cut by the surface including the shaft is triangular. Further, the radial outer surface of the projecting portion 20B'' constitutes the radial outer surface of the receiving portion 20B only by the forging step, regardless of the receiving portion forming step described later.

<受け部形成工程(外輪)>
次に図14を参照して、外輪1Bの受け部形成工程について説明する。第2の製造方法では、鍛造工程により形成された突出部20B’’(図14(a)参照)のうち径方向内側の面を切削することにより、環状板部10Bの軸方向の両側それぞれに円錐台状板部21B及び22Bを形成して受け部20Bを形成する。図14(b)に示すように、受け部20Bは、軸を含む面で切断された断面形状がY字状となるように形成される。
<Receiving part forming process (outer ring)>
Next, the step of forming the receiving portion of the outer ring 1B will be described with reference to FIG. In the second manufacturing method, the inner surface in the radial direction of the protruding portion 20B'' (see FIG. 14A) formed by the forging step is cut so that the annular plate portion 10B is formed on both sides in the axial direction. The cone-shaped plate portions 21B and 22B are formed to form the receiving portion 20B. As shown in FIG. 14B, the receiving portion 20B is formed so that the cross-sectional shape cut by the surface including the shaft is Y-shaped.

尚、第2の製造法の鍛造工程において、第1の製造方法の鍛造工程で用いられる金型と同様の金型を用いて突出部20B’’を形成後、受け部形成工程において、突出部20B’’の全面を切削することにより受け部20Bを形成してもよい。しかしながら、上述のように鍛造工程において受け部20Bの片面側を形成し、受け部形成工程においてもう片面側を切削に形成して受け部20Bを得る方が、切削量を低減することができるため好ましい。 In the forging step of the second manufacturing method, after forming the protruding portion 20B ″ using the same die as the die used in the forging step of the first manufacturing method, the protruding portion is formed in the receiving portion forming step. The receiving portion 20B may be formed by cutting the entire surface of the 20B''. However, as described above, it is possible to reduce the cutting amount by forming one side of the receiving portion 20B in the forging process and forming the other side in cutting in the receiving portion forming step to obtain the receiving portion 20B. preferable.

以上、説明したブランク加工工程、鍛造工程及び受け部形成工程を経て、外輪1Bが得られる。外輪1Bについて、硬度を高める必要があるものは、次の工程で焼入れを行う。また、受け部20Bについて、より高精度に形成する必要があるものは、軽度に切削、研削及び研磨等の仕上げ加工工程を行う。 The outer ring 1B is obtained through the blank processing step, the forging step, and the receiving portion forming step described above. If the hardness of the outer ring 1B needs to be increased, quenching is performed in the next step. Further, if the receiving portion 20B needs to be formed with higher accuracy, a finishing process such as cutting, grinding and polishing is performed lightly.

以上、説明した本発明の軌道輪1の第2の製造方法によれば、以下の効果を奏する。 According to the second manufacturing method of the raceway ring 1 of the present invention described above, the following effects are obtained.

(6)軌道輪1を、円盤状(又は中空円盤状)の軌道輪用素材1A’(又は1B’)を鍛造して環状板部10Aとなる円板部(又は環状板部10B)を形成すると共に、円板部10A’の外周(又は環状板部10Bの内周)に軸方向の両側に突出した突出部20A’’(又は20B’’)を形成する鍛造工程と、突出部20A’’(又は20B’’)を切削して、円板部10A’(又は環状板部10B)の軸方向の両側それぞれに円錐台状板部21A及び22A(又は21B及び22B)を形成して受け部20A(又は20B)を得る受け部形成工程と、を含んで製造するものとした。これにより、転動体110を受ける受け部20A、20Bを鍛造及び切削により形成することができる。また、環状板部を切削によらず薄肉に形成することができる。よって、環状板部及び受け部を鍛造によらず全て切削により形成する場合に比べて、製造時間を短縮でき、切削量を減らすことができるので、工具寿命の低下を抑制し、材料歩留まりを向上させることができる。 (6) The raceway ring 1 is forged from a disk-shaped (or hollow disk-shaped) material 1A'(or 1B') for the raceway ring to form a disk portion (or annular plate portion 10B) to be an annular plate portion 10A. At the same time, a forging step of forming protruding portions 20A ″ (or 20B'') protruding on both sides in the axial direction on the outer circumference (or inner circumference of the annular plate portion 10B) of the disk portion 10A ′, and the protruding portion 20A ′. '(Or 20B'') is cut to form truncated cone-shaped plate portions 21A and 22A (or 21B and 22B) on both sides of the disc portion 10A'(or annular plate portion 10B) in the axial direction, respectively. It was assumed that the production includes a receiving portion forming step for obtaining the portion 20A (or 20B). As a result, the receiving portions 20A and 20B that receive the rolling elements 110 can be formed by forging and cutting. Further, the annular plate portion can be formed to be thin without cutting. Therefore, compared to the case where the annular plate portion and the receiving portion are all formed by cutting without forging, the manufacturing time can be shortened and the cutting amount can be reduced, so that the decrease in tool life is suppressed and the material yield is improved. Can be made to.

(7)軌道輪1を、鍛造工程において、突出部20A’’(又は20B’’)のうち環状板部10Aとなる円板部側(又は環状板部10B側)の面が、円錐台状板部21A及び22A(又は21B及び22B)の円板部側(又は環状板部10B側)の面を構成し、受け部形成工程において、突出部20A’’(又は20B’’)のうち、円板部とは反対側(又は環状板部10Bとは反対側)の面を切削して受け部20A(又は20B)を形成して製造するものとした。これにより、鍛造工程で形成された突出部の全面を切削することにより受け部を形成する場合に比べて、切削量を低減することができる。 (7) In the forging process of the raceway ring 1, the surface of the protruding portion 20A ″ (or 20B'') on the disk portion side (or the annular plate portion 10B side) to be the annular plate portion 10A is a truncated cone shape. The surface of the plate portions 21A and 22A (or 21B and 22B) on the disk portion side (or the annular plate portion 10B side) is formed, and in the receiving portion forming step, of the protruding portions 20A'' (or 20B''), The surface opposite to the disk portion (or the side opposite to the annular plate portion 10B) was cut to form the receiving portion 20A (or 20B) for manufacturing. As a result, the amount of cutting can be reduced as compared with the case where the receiving portion is formed by cutting the entire surface of the protruding portion formed in the forging process.

<加工条件>
次に、本発明の第1の製造方法による加工条件を確認した結果について説明する。下記の表1に供試材それぞれについての強度や硬度などを示す。供試材はいずれも素板厚さは4mmである。
鍛造工程及び受け部形成工程において、プレス装置は、800KNサーボプレス(アイダエンジニアリング株式会社製)を用い、プレスモーションはクランクとした。金型は、SKD材を用いた。潤滑油は、G−3456の工作油を用いた。
<Processing conditions>
Next, the result of confirming the processing conditions by the first production method of the present invention will be described. Table 1 below shows the strength and hardness of each of the test materials. All of the test materials have a base plate thickness of 4 mm.
In the forging process and the receiving portion forming process, an 800KN servo press (manufactured by Aida Engineering Co., Ltd.) was used as the press device, and the press motion was a crank. An SKD material was used as the mold. As the lubricating oil, the working oil of G-3456 was used.

Figure 0006943749
Figure 0006943749

表1に示した供試材を用いて、内輪1Aについて、鍛造工程の加工条件を確認した結果を表2に、受け部形成工程の加工条件を確認した結果を表3に示す。 Table 2 shows the results of confirming the processing conditions of the forging process for the inner ring 1A using the test materials shown in Table 1, and Table 3 shows the results of confirming the processing conditions of the receiving portion forming process.

Figure 0006943749
Figure 0006943749

表2において、H1は、上部金型210Aの押し込み量(mm)を示し、H2は、突出部20A’の軸方向における大きさ(mm)を示し、H3は、内輪1Aの環状板部10Aの板厚と同じとなる円板部10A’の板厚(mm)を示し、H3=t−H1(内輪用素材1A’の板厚t=4mm)の関係を満たす(図6参照)。また、〇は、良好に加工できたものを示し、×は、上部金型を押し込めなくなった場合や、金型が破損した場合を示す。
表2に示すように、各供試材とも上部金型210Aの押し込み量H1を調整することにより、所定の板厚H3を有する円板部10A’を得ることができる。また、各供試材とも、押し込み量H1を2.8mmよりも大きくして円板部10A’の板厚H3を1.2mmよりも小さく形成しようとした場合、素材の流動が生じなくなるために分流鍛造が行えず、良好に加工することができなかった。尚、第2の製造方法における金型400Aを用いた場合でも、同様の結果を示した。
In Table 2, H1 indicates the pushing amount (mm) of the upper mold 210A, H2 indicates the axial size (mm) of the protruding portion 20A', and H3 indicates the annular plate portion 10A of the inner ring 1A. The plate thickness (mm) of the disk portion 10A'that is the same as the plate thickness is shown, and the relationship of H3 = t-H1 (plate thickness t = 4 mm of the inner ring material 1A') is satisfied (see FIG. 6). Further, ◯ indicates that the processing was successful, and × indicates the case where the upper mold could not be pushed in or the mold was damaged.
As shown in Table 2, by adjusting the pushing amount H1 of the upper mold 210A for each test material, a disk portion 10A'having a predetermined plate thickness H3 can be obtained. Further, in each test material, when the pushing amount H1 is made larger than 2.8 mm and the plate thickness H3 of the disk portion 10A'is made smaller than 1.2 mm, the material does not flow. Divided forging could not be performed and it could not be processed well. The same result was shown even when the mold 400A in the second manufacturing method was used.

Figure 0006943749
Figure 0006943749

表3において、θは、上部金型310Aが有する円錐台形状の母線が中心軸に対してなす角度であり、突出部20A’を外径方向に変形させる量が大きいほど、角度が大きくなる(図7参照)。また、〇は、良好に加工できたものを示し、×は、突出部20A’が伸びフランジ変形により、突出部20A’と円板部10A’(環状板部10A)との間で割れが生じたものを示す。
表3に示すように、θが52.5°までは、割れを生じさせずに良好に加工することができた。よって、受け部20Aの挟角は、75°以上とすることが可能である。
In Table 3, θ is the angle formed by the truncated cone-shaped generatrix of the upper mold 310A with respect to the central axis, and the larger the amount of deformation of the protrusion 20A'in the outer diameter direction, the larger the angle ( (See FIG. 7). Further, ◯ indicates that the processing was performed well, and × indicates that the protruding portion 20A'extended and the flange was deformed, causing cracks between the protruding portion 20A'and the disk portion 10A'(annular plate portion 10A). Shows what you have.
As shown in Table 3, until θ was 52.5 °, it was possible to process satisfactorily without causing cracks. Therefore, the sandwiching angle of the receiving portion 20A can be 75 ° or more.

表1に示した供試材を用いて、外輪1Bについて、鍛造工程の加工条件を確認した結果を表4に、受け部形成工程の加工条件を確認した結果を表5に示す。 Table 4 shows the results of confirming the processing conditions of the forging process for the outer ring 1B using the test materials shown in Table 1, and Table 5 shows the results of confirming the processing conditions of the receiving portion forming process.

Figure 0006943749
Figure 0006943749

表4において、H1は、上部金型210Bの押し込み量(mm)を示し、H2は、突出部20B’の軸方向における大きさ(mm)を示し、H3は、外輪1Bの環状板部10Bの板厚と同じとなる円板部10B’の板厚(mm)を示し、H3=t−H1(外輪用素材1B’の板厚t=4mm)の関係を満たす(図8参照)。また、〇は、良好に加工できたものを示し、×は、上部金型を押し込めなくなった場合や、金型が破損した場合を示す。
表4に示すように、各供試材とも上部金型210Bの押し込み量H1を調整することにより、所定の板厚H3を有する環状板部10Bを得ることができる。また、各供試材とも、押し込み量H1を2.4mmよりも大きくして環状板部10Bの板厚H3を1.6mmよりも小さく形成しようとした場合、素材の流動が生じなくなるために分流鍛造が行えず、良好に加工することができなかった。尚、第2の製造方法における金型400Bを用いた場合でも、同様の結果を示した。
In Table 4, H1 indicates the pushing amount (mm) of the upper mold 210B, H2 indicates the axial size (mm) of the protruding portion 20B', and H3 indicates the annular plate portion 10B of the outer ring 1B. The plate thickness (mm) of the disk portion 10B'that is the same as the plate thickness is shown, and the relationship of H3 = t-H1 (plate thickness t = 4 mm of the outer ring material 1B') is satisfied (see FIG. 8). Further, ◯ indicates that the processing was successful, and × indicates the case where the upper mold could not be pushed in or the mold was damaged.
As shown in Table 4, by adjusting the pushing amount H1 of the upper mold 210B for each test material, an annular plate portion 10B having a predetermined plate thickness H3 can be obtained. Further, in each test material, when the pushing amount H1 is made larger than 2.4 mm and the plate thickness H3 of the annular plate portion 10B is made smaller than 1.6 mm, the material does not flow, so that the material is split. Forging could not be performed and it could not be processed well. The same result was shown even when the mold 400B in the second manufacturing method was used.

Figure 0006943749
Figure 0006943749

表5において、θは、上部金型310Bが有する円錐台形状の母線が中心軸に対してなす角度であり、突出部20B’を内径方向に変形させる量が大きいほど、角度が大きくなる(図9参照)。また、〇は、良好に加工できたものを示し、×は、突出部20B’が縮みフランジ変形により、突出部20B’と環状板部10Bとの間で割れが生じたものを示す。
表5に示すように、θが52.5°までは、割れを生じさせずに良好に加工することができた。よって、受け部20Bの挟角は、75°以上とすることが可能である。
In Table 5, θ is the angle formed by the cone-shaped bus of the upper mold 310B with respect to the central axis, and the larger the amount of deformation of the protrusion 20B'in the inner diameter direction, the larger the angle (FIG. 5). 9). Further, ◯ indicates that the processed portion was satisfactorily processed, and x indicates that the protruding portion 20B'shrinked and cracks occurred between the protruding portion 20B'and the annular plate portion 10B due to the deformation of the flange.
As shown in Table 5, until θ was 52.5 °, it was possible to process satisfactorily without causing cracks. Therefore, the sandwiching angle of the receiving portion 20B can be 75 ° or more.

<強度評価>
次に、実施例として本発明の製造方法により製造した軌道輪1及び比較例として従来の製造方法により製造した軌道輪の静的強度、転動疲労性、及び騒音レベルを測定した結果について、表6に示す。静的強度はJIS B1518、転動疲労性はJIS B1519、騒音レベルはJIS B1548の方法に準拠し、基準を達成した場合は○、未達成の場合は×で表記した。
<Strength evaluation>
Next, the table shows the results of measuring the static strength, rolling fatigue, and noise level of the raceway ring 1 manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention as an example and the raceway ring manufactured by the conventional manufacturing method as a comparative example. Shown in 6. The static strength is based on JIS B1518, rolling fatigue is based on JIS B1519, and the noise level is based on JIS B1548. If the standard is met, it is marked with a circle, and if it is not met, it is marked with a cross.

Figure 0006943749
Figure 0006943749

製造した軌道輪の性能を評価するため、内輪は表2記載のH1=2.0mm、表3記載の45°の条件で試作品を製作し、外輪は表4記載のH2=1.2mm、表5記載の45°の条件で試作品を製作した。転動体は軌道輪と同鋼種を用いて直径3mmのボール形状のものを機械加工(切削加工)で製作し、外輪と内輪の溝に嵌め込み転がり軸受けを製作した。比較例として、同形状の内輪、外輪及び転動体を機械加工(切削加工)により製造したものを供した。各種評価の結果、いずれの鋼種においても実施例の部品は従来の製造方法で試作したものと同等の性能を満足していた。 In order to evaluate the performance of the manufactured raceway ring, a prototype was manufactured under the conditions of H1 = 2.0 mm shown in Table 2 and 45 ° shown in Table 3, and the outer ring was H2 = 1.2 mm shown in Table 4. A prototype was produced under the conditions of 45 ° shown in Table 5. The rolling element was manufactured by machining (cutting) a ball shape having a diameter of 3 mm using the same steel type as the raceway ring, and fitted into the grooves of the outer ring and the inner ring to manufacture a rolling bearing. As a comparative example, an inner ring, an outer ring and a rolling element having the same shape manufactured by machining (cutting) were provided. As a result of various evaluations, the parts of the examples of all steel types satisfied the same performance as those prototyped by the conventional manufacturing method.

以上、本発明の軌道輪及びその製造方法について実施形態及び実施例について説明したが、本発明は、上述した実施形態及び実施例に制限されるものではなく、適宜変更が可能である。
例えば、上述の実施形態では、転がり軸受を構成する内輪及び外輪の両方とも本発明の軌道輪を用いる構成としたが、どちらか一方のみに本発明の軌道輪を用いる構成としてもよい。
Although embodiments and examples of the raceway ring and the method for manufacturing the same of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and examples, and can be appropriately modified.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, both the inner ring and the outer ring constituting the rolling bearing are configured to use the raceway ring of the present invention, but the raceway ring of the present invention may be used for only one of them.

また、上述の実施形態では、転動体としてボール形状及び円柱形状のものを示したが、この限りではない。受け部により転動体を受けることが可能であれば、転動体の形状はどのようなものでもよい。 Further, in the above-described embodiment, the rolling elements have a ball shape and a cylindrical shape, but the present invention is not limited to this. The shape of the rolling element may be any shape as long as the rolling element can be received by the receiving portion.

1A 内輪(軌道輪)
1A’ 内輪用素材(軌道輪用素材)
1B 外輪(軌道輪)
1B’ 外輪用素材(軌道輪用素材)
10A、10B 環状板部
10A’ 円板部
20A、20B 受け部
20A’、20A’’、20B’、20B’’ 突出部
21A、21B 第1円錐台状板部(円錐台状板部)
22A、22B 第2円錐台状板部(円錐台状板部)
100 転がり軸受
110 転動体
1A Inner ring (orbital ring)
1A'Inner ring material (orbit ring material)
1B outer ring (orbital ring)
1B'Outer ring material (track ring material)
10A, 10B Circular plate part 10A'Disc part 20A, 20B Receiving part 20A', 20A'', 20B', 20B''Protruding part 21A, 21B First cone-shaped plate part (conical cone-shaped plate part)
22A, 22B Second cone-shaped plate part (conical cone-shaped plate part)
100 Rolling bearing 110 Rolling element

Claims (5)

複数の転動体と、該複数の転動体を挟んで径方向の内側と外側に配置される軌道輪と、を備える転がり軸受に用いられ、環状板部と前記転動体を受ける受け部とを備える軌道輪の製造方法であって、
円盤状又は中空円盤状の軌道輪用素材を鍛造して前記環状板部となる円板部又は前記環状板部を形成すると共に、前記円板部の外周又は前記環状板部の内周に軸方向の両側に突出した突出部を形成する鍛造工程と、
前記突出部を径方向に変形させて、前記円板部又は前記環状板部の軸方向の両側それぞれに円錐台状板部を形成して前記受け部を得る受け部形成工程と、
を含む軌道輪の製造方法。
It is used for a rolling bearing including a plurality of rolling elements and raceway rings arranged on the inner and outer sides in the radial direction with the plurality of rolling elements interposed therebetween, and includes an annular plate portion and a receiving portion for receiving the rolling elements. It is a method of manufacturing bearing rings.
A disk-shaped or hollow disk-shaped material for a raceway ring is forged to form a disk portion or the annular plate portion to be the annular plate portion, and a shaft is formed on the outer circumference of the disk portion or the inner circumference of the annular plate portion. Forging process to form protruding parts on both sides in the direction,
A receiving portion forming step of deforming the protruding portion in the radial direction to form a truncated cone-shaped plate portion on both sides of the disk portion or the annular plate portion in the axial direction to obtain the receiving portion.
A method for manufacturing a raceway ring including.
複数の転動体と、該複数の転動体を挟んで径方向の内側と外側に配置される軌道輪と、を備える転がり軸受に用いられ、環状板部と、該前記環状板部の前記転動体が配置される側の周の軸方向の両側にそれぞれ配置される2つの円錐台状板部により構成されて前記転動体を受ける受け部と、を備える軌道輪の製造方法であって、
円盤状又は中空円盤状の軌道輪用素材を鍛造して前記環状板部となる円板部又は前記環状板部を形成すると共に、前記円板部の外周又は前記環状板部の内周に軸方向の両側に突出した突出部を形成する鍛造工程と、
前記突出部を切削して、前記円板部又は前記環状板部の軸方向の両側それぞれに前記円錐台状板部を形成して前記受け部を得る受け部形成工程と、
を含む軌道輪の製造方法。
It is used for a rolling bearing including a plurality of rolling elements and raceway rings arranged radially inside and outside of the plurality of rolling elements, and the annular plate portion and the rolling element of the annular plate portion. A method for manufacturing a raceway ring, which comprises two truncated cone-shaped plate portions arranged on both sides in the axial direction of the circumference on the side on which the rolling element is arranged, and a receiving portion for receiving the rolling element.
A disk-shaped or hollow disk-shaped material for a raceway ring is forged to form a disk portion or the annular plate portion to be the annular plate portion, and a shaft is formed on the outer circumference of the disk portion or the inner circumference of the annular plate portion. Forging process to form protruding parts on both sides in the direction,
A receiving portion forming step of cutting the protruding portion to form the truncated cone-shaped plate portion on both sides of the disk portion or the annular plate portion in the axial direction to obtain the receiving portion.
A method for manufacturing a raceway ring including.
前記鍛造工程において、前記突出部のうち前記円板部側又は前記環状板部側の面は、前記円錐台状板部の前記円板部側又は前記環状板部側の面を構成し、
前記受け部形成工程において、前記突出部のうち、前記円板部とは反対側又は前記環状板部とは反対側の面が切削されて前記受け部が形成される請求項2に記載の製造方法。
In the forging step, the surface of the protruding portion on the disk portion side or the annular plate portion side constitutes the surface of the truncated cone-shaped plate portion on the disk portion side or the annular plate portion side.
The production according to claim 2, wherein in the receiving portion forming step, a surface of the protruding portion opposite to the disk portion or the side opposite to the annular plate portion is cut to form the receiving portion. Method.
前記軌道輪用素材は、特殊鋼又はステンレス鋼からなる請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の軌道輪の製造方法。 The method for manufacturing a raceway ring according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the material for the raceway ring is made of special steel or stainless steel. 前記軌道輪用素材は、特殊鋼板又はステンレス鋼板から加工されて形成されたものである請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の軌道輪の製造方法。 The method for manufacturing a raceway ring according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the material for the raceway ring is formed by processing from a special steel plate or a stainless steel plate.
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