JP2019092236A - Electricity generation control equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

To maintain inequality of generator output<total demand power of load surely, even if a load system varies, while improving generation efficiency of a generator.SOLUTION: By using disaggregation technique, individual power consumption of power generation target devices belonging to a load system 10 is acquired, and the load variation state is analyzed. From the total demand load power of all load systems 10, a power generation target device (specific device) having largest difference of power consumption is extracted according to whether or not it is utilized, the time zone is classified such that the time zone when the specific device is not utilized is a time zone (first region) where the load effect is relatively small, and the time zone when the specific device is utilized is a time zone (second region) of relatively large load effect, and power generation outputs matching to respective regions are set.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generation control device that controls the operation of a grid-connected power generation device.

  Patent Document 1 discloses an AND circuit that outputs a large-capacity load stop instruction on condition that the system is in an interconnected operation, and a large-capacity load stop instruction from the AND circuit in a power generation facility connected to an electric power system. Generator control to reduce the generator output by the capacity of the large capacity load stopped by the generator, and generator reduction to detect the reduction of the generator output from the generator output voltage and current and output the large capacity load stop command It is described that an output device is provided to reduce the generator output by an amount commensurate with the capacity of the large capacity load just before the large capacity load stop to prevent the generation of the reverse power or the power shortage.

  According to Patent Document 1, in a power generation facility that interconnects a power system, even if there is a load that fluctuates significantly, it is possible to prevent reverse power or insufficient power without widening the setting range of received power control.

  In Patent Document 2, in a grid-connected operation system of a generator operated in conjunction with a commercial power source, a load fluctuation detecting means for detecting a decrease in electric load and a predetermined arithmetic expression when the electric load decreases The grid-connected operation system of the generator is characterized by comprising: calculation means for calculating the minimum purchase power; and generation output control means for controlling the generation output of the generator based on the calculated minimum purchase power. It is done.

  According to Patent Document 2, when the generator and the commercial power supply system are grid-connected without adopting the reverse power flow method, it is possible to reduce the minimum purchased power as much as possible to save energy and reduce the running cost.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-123596 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-178451

  When operating a grid-connected generator with no reverse power flow requirement, it is necessary to ensure that the following inequality is satisfied: generator output <total demand power of premises load equipment.

  For this reason, although the generator output is controlled so as to secure the received power above a certain level, the received power above this certain level does not reverse the power flow even if there is a load fluctuation (in particular, a rapid load drop) The generator can not exert sufficient power generation capacity because it has enough room.

  For example, Patent Document 1 describes an instruction for stopping a large capacity load, but does not specify means for identifying a large capacity load and means for reflecting the generator output in real time.

  In addition, Patent Document 2 describes that the minimum purchased power (corresponding to received power) is calculated when the power load decreases, but it is clearly stated that real-time detection of power load fluctuation that is difficult to predict It has not been.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a power generation control apparatus capable of reliably maintaining an inequality of generator output <total demand power of load and improving power generation efficiency of the generator even if there is fluctuation of load equipment. .

  The present invention is a power generation control apparatus for controlling the operation of a power generation apparatus connected to a grid in a setting with no reverse flow to a commercial power source, and disaggregating the operation status of a load facility configured of a plurality of devices. By at least a specific means for specifying a device whose power consumption is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, a prediction means for predicting a load change of the power consumption of the specific device specified by the specific means, A first received power from the commercial power source in the first region is used for an operating time zone of the load facility divided into at least two regions of a region and a second region where the load fluctuation is relatively large. Storage means for storing a predetermined value and a second predetermined value which is received power from the commercial power supply in the second area and which is higher than the first predetermined value; Setting means for reading out either the first predetermined value or the second predetermined value from the storage means and setting the received power to a predetermined value based on the prediction result of the load fluctuation of the specific device according to And control means for controlling the power generation output of the power generation apparatus so as to maintain the received power predetermined value or more.

  According to the present invention, at least the device whose power consumption is greater than or equal to a predetermined power is identified by disaggregation processing of the operation status of the load facility configured by the plurality of devices by the identification means, and the prediction device identifies the identified device Predict load fluctuation of power consumption (specific device).

  On the other hand, the storage means divides the operating time zone of the load equipment into at least a first area with relatively small load fluctuation and a second area with relatively large load fluctuation, A second predetermined value which is a received power from the commercial power supply in the area of 1 and a received power from the commercial power supply in the second area and which is higher than the first predetermined value And are stored.

  The setting means reads out either the first predetermined value or the second predetermined value from the storage means based on the prediction result of the load fluctuation of the specific device by the prediction means, and sets it to the received power predetermined value.

  The control means controls the power generation output of the power generation apparatus so as to maintain the received power predetermined value or more set by the setting means.

  That is, in the first region where the load fluctuation is small, even when the predetermined value is set relatively low, the state without reverse flow can be maintained, and the generated power can be increased accordingly.

  On the other hand, in the second region in which the load equipment changes a lot, the load fluctuation range is also expected to be large, so by setting the predetermined value relatively high, it is possible to maintain the state without reverse flow.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the specific device specified by the disaggregation process is expected to consume more than a predetermined amount of power, and as a result, the load fluctuation is also large.

  For example, when the specific device is not in operation, it is judged as a load fluctuation small time zone, and when the specific device is in operation it is judged as a load fluctuation large time zone, whereby power reception is performed according to the respective load fluctuation time bands. The power control value can be changed, and the power generation capacity of the power generation apparatus can be maximized.

  In the present invention, the control unit calculates the power generation output of the power generation apparatus from the average value of the total demand load power of the load equipment and the received power predetermined value, and the calculation section calculates the power generation apparatus And a power generation execution unit that controls power generation with the power generation output instructed by the instruction unit.

  The power generation output of the power generation apparatus is calculated from the average value of the total demand load power of the load equipment and the received power predetermined value. The load fluctuation range can be predicted based on the type of load equipment, and in each of the first area and the second area, the difference between the average value of the total demand load power and the predetermined value of the received power should be indicated as the generated output. Can maintain the state without reverse flow.

  As described above, according to the present invention, even if there is a change in load equipment, it is possible to reliably maintain the inequality of generator output <total demand power of load, and to improve the power generation efficiency of the generator.

It is the schematic of the power supply device for supplying electric power to the load installation which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the outline of the electric power generation control apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a functional block diagram showing power generation control in a power generation control device concerning this embodiment according to a function. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the electric power generation control which concerns on this Embodiment. (A) is a power transition diagram of the present embodiment, (B) is a power transition diagram of a comparative example (conventional). It is the schematic which shows isolation | separation of the power generation control object device (load installation) by the disaggregation process which concerns on this Embodiment, and the state of each power consumption.

  1 schematically shows a plurality of power generation control target devices (generally referred to as load equipment 10 for supplying power to the power equipment 12. The power generation control target devices have different power consumptions. The total demand load power may differ depending on the combination at the time of operation.

  Electric power (sometimes referred to as commercial power) is supplied from the commercial power supply 14 to the power supply device 12, and the electric power from the commercial power supply 14 is supplied to the load facility 10.

  The commercial power supply 14 is connected to the load facility 10 via the first switch SW1. In the present embodiment, basically, the first switch SW1 is always on.

  The first switch SW1 and the load facility 10 are connected to one of the contacts of the second switch SW2.

  The other contact of the second switch SW2 is connected to the grid-connected power generator 16. In the power generation device 16 in the present embodiment, a solar power generation unit 18 is applied as a renewable energy power generation device of a power generation source.

  In addition, the power generation device 16 includes an inverter 20, and the solar power generation unit 18 and a storage unit 22 for temporarily storing the electric power generated by the solar power generation unit 18 are connected to the input end of the inverter 20 It is done.

  In the present embodiment, the solar power generation unit 18 is applied as a renewable energy power generation apparatus, but the inverter 20 is used to generate electric power using another renewable energy (for example, wind power, biomass, water power, etc.) If it is a thing, it will not be limited to the solar power generation part 18.

  The inverter 20 generally converts direct current power into alternating current of a target voltage and frequency (for example, 100 V / 50 Hz, 200 V / 60 Hz, etc.) (inverter circuit), and in the present embodiment, The direct current power generated by the solar power generation unit 18 and the direct current power discharged by the storage unit 22 are converted into alternating current power.

  The power generation device 16 is controlled by the controller 24. That is, control device 24 controls the states of first switch SW1, second switch SW2, solar power generation unit 18, inverter 20, and power storage unit 22.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the controller 24 comprises a microcomputer 26. The microcomputer 26 has a CPU 26A, a RAM 26B, a ROM 26C, an input / output (I / O) port 26D, and a bus 26E such as a data bus or a control bus for connecting these.

  The solar power generation unit 18 is connected to the I / O 26D through the I / F 28, the inverter 20 is connected through the I / F 30, and the storage unit 22 is connected through the I / F 32.

  In addition, a first switch SW1, a second switch SW2, and a storage device 34 are connected to the I / O 26D. A hard disk is applicable as the storage device 34. Also, another storage device represented by an SD card may be used.

  Furthermore, an information reception unit 36 is connected to the I / O 26D, and time information is received as information for power generation control.

  The control device 24 controls the inverter 20 based on a control program stored in advance in the ROM 26C to control the power generated by the solar power generation unit 18 or the power stored in advance in the storage unit 22 without reverse power flow. The function of supplying power to the load facility 10 is executed by interconnecting the power from the commercial power source 14 and the grid.

  The control program is not limited to the ROM 26C, and may be stored in the storage device 34 or an IC memory (not shown).

  By the way, on the premise that all the power generation in the power generation device 16 is consumed by the load facility 10, in other words, it is essential to operate in a grid connection with the requirement without reverse power flow. In the equation, it is necessary to control to satisfy the inequality of output of the power generation device 16 <power consumption of the load facility 10 (total demand load power).

  On the other hand, since the load of the load equipment 10 has a fluctuation range to some extent, even if there is a load fluctuation, for example, a rapid load drop, it is necessary to provide a margin so as not to reverse power flow.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the disaggregation technology is used to acquire individual power consumption of the power generation target device belonging to the load facility 10, and analyze the load fluctuation state.

Therefore, the disaggregation processing unit 40 is connected to the I / O 26D of the control device 24.

  The total demand load power meter 42 is connected to the disaggregation processing unit 40, and based on the total demand load power of all the load facilities 10, the power consumption for each of the power generation control target devices constituting the load facility 10 is calculated. It has a function to analyze.

  In this embodiment, as the simplest system, a power generation target device (hereinafter referred to as a specific device) having the largest difference in power consumption is extracted depending on whether it operates or not, and the time during which the specific device is not operating The time zone is classified as a time zone where the load fluctuation is relatively small (the first area), and the time zone in which a specific device is operating is a time zone where the load fluctuation is relatively large (the second area) It was made to do.

  That is, by dividing the time zone into the first area and the second area, the power generation output corresponding to each area is set.

  FIG. 3 is a control block diagram showing power generation control in the control device 24 of the power generation device 16 according to functions. Each block does not limit the hardware configuration of the control device 24, and part or all of the blocks may be processed under the execution of a control program stored in advance.

  The predetermined value memory 50 is connected to the received power predetermined value setting unit 52. As the predetermined value memory 50, the storage device 34 shown in FIG. 2 is applicable.

  The first predetermined value and the second predetermined value are stored in advance in the predetermined value memory 50. The specific numerical values of the first predetermined value and the second predetermined value depend on the load power of the load facility 10, and are particularly limited as long as the first predetermined value <the second predetermined value. It is not a thing. The lower the first predetermined value is, the more the power generation capacity is expected to be improved.

  The received power predetermined value setting unit 52 reads out the first predetermined value or the second predetermined value from the predetermined value memory 50 by receiving the area division information from the disaggregation processing unit 40, and sets it as a received power processing value. .

  The disaggregation processing unit 40 includes an instantaneous power value detection unit 44, a power consumption specification unit 46, and a load fluctuation prediction unit 48.

  A total demand load power meter 42 is connected to the instantaneous power value detection unit 44, and a total demand load power value of the load equipment 10 in operation is input. The instantaneous power value detection unit 44 detects the instantaneous power value and sends it to the power consumption specification unit 46.

  The power consumption specifying unit 46 specifies the power consumption of each of the plurality of power generation control target devices by the disaggregation technology, and sends it to the load fluctuation prediction unit 48.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the separation of power generation control target devices (load equipment) and the state of the respective power consumption based on the disaggregation technology.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the disaggregation technology is an application separation technology using AI (artificial intelligence), for example, and each power generation control target device 1 to N (N is 3 or more positive) from the total demand load power value. Specify the power consumption per integer).

  In each of the power generation control target devices 1 to N, it can be seen that there are devices with large and small load fluctuations.

  In the present embodiment, the operating time zone is classified by specializing in the power generation control target device having a large load fluctuation (corresponding to the above-mentioned specific device) and predicting the operating state of the specific device. This makes it easy to select the optimum value (the first predetermined value or the second predetermined value) of the generated power predetermined value.

  The load fluctuation prediction unit 48 predicts the transition of the load fluctuation, and sends division information (first area or second area) of the operating time zone to the received power predetermined value setting unit 52 based on the prediction result.

  The received power predetermined value setting unit 52 is connected to the power generation output calculation unit 58. The received power predetermined value setting unit 52 sends information of the set received power predetermined value to the power generation output calculating unit 58.

  The power generation output calculation unit 58 is connected to a total demand load power average value memory 60. The average value of the total demand load power based on the load equipment 10 (see the dotted line in FIG. 5A) is stored in advance in the total demand load power average value memory 60. As the total demand load power average value memory 60, the storage device 34 shown in FIG. 2 is applicable.

  The power generation output calculation unit 58 calculates a power generation output that does not cause reverse power flow based on the received power predetermined value and the total demand load power average value.

  The power generation output calculation unit 58 is connected to the power generation output instruction unit 62. The power generation output calculation unit 58 sends the calculation result, that is, the power generation output, to the power generation output instruction unit 62.

  The power generation output instruction unit 62 controls the power generation execution unit 64 based on the received power generation output to execute power generation by the power generation device 16.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the present embodiment will be described based on the flowchart of FIG.

  In step 100, disaggregation processing is started, and then, the process proceeds to step 102, the power consumption of each power generation control target device is acquired, and the process proceeds to step 104.

  In step 104, it is determined whether it is time to switch the load fluctuation state, and when a negative determination is made, the process proceeds to step 124.

  If an affirmative determination is made in step 104, it is determined that the operating state of the device (specific device) identified in the disaggregation process has changed (operation → → non-operation), and the process proceeds to step 106 to change the load. judge. That is, in step 106, it is determined that the load fluctuation is small when the specific device goes from operation to non-operation, and it is judged that the load fluctuation is large when the specific device goes from operation to non-operation.

  If it is determined in this step 106 that the load fluctuation is small, the operating time zone is the first area, and the process proceeds to step 108, where the first predetermined value is read from the predetermined value memory 50, and power reception is performed. The power is set as a predetermined value (predetermined received power value) to control the power constant.

  In the next step 110, the average value of the total demand load power of the load facility 10 is read out from the total demand load power average value memory 60, and then the process proceeds to step 112 and the solar power generation unit 18 is started based on the first predetermined value. The generated power of the above is calculated, and the process proceeds to step 114.

  In step 114, power generation with the generated power calculated in step 112 is instructed, and the process proceeds to step 124.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step 106 that the load fluctuation is large, the operating time zone is the second area, and the process proceeds to step 116 to read the second predetermined value from the predetermined value memory 50, The received power is set as a predetermined value (received power predetermined value) to control the power constant.

  In the next step 118, the average value of the total demand load power of the load facility 10 is read out from the total demand load power average value memory 60, and then the process proceeds to step 120 and the solar power generation unit 18 is started based on the first predetermined value. The generated power of the above is calculated, and the process proceeds to step 122.

  In step 122, power generation with the generated power calculated in step 120 is instructed, and the process proceeds to step 124.

  In step 124, it is determined whether the operating time has ended, and if a negative determination is made, the process returns to step 102 and the above steps are repeated. If the determination in step 124 is affirmative, the process proceeds to step 126 to end the disaggregation process, and the routine ends.

  FIG. 5A is a power transition diagram by power generation control in the power generation device 16 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 5B is a comparative example in which the predetermined value which is the difference between the total demand load power average value and the generated power is constant regardless of the operating time zone.

  In the comparative example shown in FIG. 5B, since the predetermined value is fixed, reverse power flow can be prevented in the operating time zone where the load fluctuation is large, but in the operating time zone where the load fluctuation is small, the received power from the commercial power supply 14 And the power generation capacity of the solar power generation unit 18 can not be exhibited.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5A, in this embodiment, based on the disaggregation process, the operating time zone where the load fluctuation is small and the operating time zone where the load fluctuation is large are predicted. Different predetermined values (first predetermined value, second predetermined value) are stored, and the received power predetermined value is switched according to the current operation time zone.

  For this reason, it is possible to prevent reverse power flow in the operating time zone where the load fluctuation is large, and it is possible to minimize the received power from the commercial power source 14 in all the operating time zones. It can make the most of 18 power generation capacities.

  By using the application separation technology by disaggregation processing, it is possible to identify a power generation control target device with a large load fluctuation (specific device), and depending on the operating status of this specific device (in operation or not in operation), operating time zone By dividing the area of (1), fine power generation output control can be performed, and maximum power generation capacity can be exhibited without causing reverse power flow.

  In the present embodiment, two types of predetermined values are stored based on the operating time zone, but if the details of the operating status of the load facility 10 are found by long-term learning, three or more types are stored. The predetermined value may be stored, and the predetermined value may be assigned according to the division of the detailed operation time zone. Also, the predetermined value may be calculated each time.

  In general, according to the present invention, in the configuration in which the optimum predetermined value is set based on the load fluctuation prediction of the specific device by the disaggregation process of the load facility 10, the type of the predetermined value, the numerical value, and the classification of the operating time zone are The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

  Moreover, although the electric power generating apparatus 16 using the renewable energy which made the solar power generation part 18 the main was illustrated in this Embodiment, other electric power generating apparatuses, such as cogeneration, may be sufficient.

  Some of the applicable generators are listed below. The applicable power generation device is not limited to the listed power generation devices.

(1) Gas engine A reciprocating engine (reciprocating engine) that uses gas as fuel, converts energy obtained by combustion into rotational motion, and generates electricity by rotating a generator.

(2) Gas turbine The turbine is rotated by the high temperature combustion gas purified by the combustor, and the generator is rotated by its rotational power to generate power.

(3) Combined cycle A combined cycle of a gas turbine and a steam turbine, which generates steam from the waste heat of the gas turbine and turns the steam turbine with this steam to generate power.

(4) Others “Solid Polymer Fuel Cell (PEFC), Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC)”
PEFC converts the chemical energy of the fuel directly into electrical energy without converting it into thermal energy or kinetic energy.

  SOFC has a ceramic electrolyte that transmits oxygen ions, and unlike PEFC, it can also specify a fuel gas containing CO.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 load installation 12 power supply device 14 commercial power supply SW1 1st switch SW2 2nd switch 16 Generator (generation control device)
18 solar power generation unit 20 inverter 22 storage unit 24 control device 26 microcomputer 26A CPU
26B RAM
26C ROM
26D input / output (I / O) port 26E bus 28 I / F
30 I / F
32 I / F
34 storage unit 40 disaggregation processing unit 42 total demand load power meter 44 instantaneous power value detection unit 46 power consumption identification unit 48 load fluctuation prediction unit 50 predetermined value memory (storage means)
52 Received power predetermined value setting unit (setting means)
58 Generation output computing unit (computing unit)
60 Total demand load power average value memory 62 Power generation output instruction unit (instruction unit)
64 Power Generation Execution Unit (Execution Unit)

Claims (2)

A power generation control device for controlling the operation of a grid-connected power generation device in a setting without reverse power flow to a commercial power source,
At least an identification means for identifying a device whose power consumption is equal to or higher than a predetermined value by disaggregation processing of the operation status of the load equipment composed of a plurality of devices;
Prediction means for predicting load fluctuation of power consumption of the specific device identified by the identification means;
The commercial product in the first area for the operating time zone of the load equipment divided into at least two areas of a first area in which the load fluctuation is relatively small and a second area in which the load fluctuation is relatively large. A first predetermined value, which is received power from a power supply, and a second predetermined value, which is received power from the commercial power supply in the second region and is higher than the first predetermined value, are stored. Storage means,
Setting means for reading out either the first predetermined value or the second predetermined value from the storage means based on the prediction result of the load change of the specific device by the prediction means, and setting the received power to the predetermined value;
Control means for controlling the power generation output of the power generation apparatus so as to maintain the received power predetermined value or more set by the setting means or more;
Power generation control device having a. The control means
A computing unit that computes the power generation output of the power generation apparatus from the average value of the total demand load power of the load equipment and the predetermined value of the received power; The power generation control device according to claim 1, further comprising: an execution unit that generates electric power with the power generation output instructed by the instruction unit.