JP2019089606A - Dimension-variable pallet - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a dimension-variable pallet capable of reducing a dead space on which no cargo can be loaded even if changing a size of a loading surface.SOLUTION: A dimension-variable pallet includes a shaft rod 20 extended from a reference deck board unit 3A side as a base end toward movable deck board unit 3B, 3C sides so as to be freely rotatable around the shaft in the units and having screw grooves formed on a periphery surface in a prescribed range along a shaft direction at least at the movable deck board unit sides, and female screw parts 25, 26 engaged with the screw grooves formed on the periphery surface of the shaft rod in a prescribed position at the movable deck board unit sides and maintained in a state of not rotating together with the shaft rod.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a variable-sized pallet, and, for example, to a variable-sized pallet in which the mounting area can be adjusted according to the size of a load.

Conventionally, a dimension variable pallet configured to be able to adjust the size (area) of the mounting surface according to the size of a load is known, and the configuration thereof is disclosed in Patent Document 1.
Here, the dimension variable pallet described in Patent Document 1 will be described based on FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 18A, in the variable-size pallet 200, a plurality of plate members 210 having cross bars 216 attached to the back surfaces of both ends are arranged in parallel in the Y-axis direction. Divided plate members 211a and 211b obtained by dividing a plate member having a cross bar 216 on the back side in the longitudinal direction (X-axis direction) via intervening members, the adjacent plate members 210 and the divided plate members 211a and 211b are each shaped like a "figure" The link mechanism 212 is configured to be freely displaceable in the vertical and horizontal directions (X and Y directions).

Note that the link mechanism 212 in the “figure-like shape” is attached to a plurality of locations separated by a required distance in the X-axis direction of the plate member 210 and the divided plate members 211a and 211b, and the adjacent plate members 210 and divided plate members 211a and 211b Are united together.
The link mechanism 212 allows the plate members 210 on both sides to operate in the Y axis direction and the divided plate members 211 a and 211 b in the X axis direction so as to be displaced relative to each other with the plate member 210 disposed at the center as a center. ing.

Further, on the back surface of the variable-size pallet 200, a pair of crosspieces 218 consisting of an inner crosspiece 219 and an outer crosspiece 220 which are slidably and adjacently disposed are arranged in parallel with the Y direction.
Further, the inner rail 219 and the outer rail 220 are provided with a plurality of bolt holes in the longitudinal direction, and the bolt is inserted through any bolt hole of the inner rail 219 and any bolt hole of the outer rail 220 The inner crosspiece 219 and the outer crosspiece 220 can be integrated by clamping.

  Then, when the plate member 210 and the divided plate members 211a and 211b are extended (or reduced), bolts are inserted and fixed in arbitrary bolt holes of the inner rail 219 and the outer rail 220, thereby the plate member 210 and the divided plate members 211a, 211 b can be fixed in an extended (or reduced) position.

According to the variable-size pallet 200 configured as described above, the size of the mounting surface can be adjusted according to the size of the load as shown in FIG. Can be efficiently placed in As a result, energy saving of the physical distribution process can be realized by using the variable-size pallet 200 (the number of delivery can be reduced, and the physical distribution cost (costs such as fuel cost and labor cost) can be reduced) .
Further, according to the variable-sized pallet 200, since the size of the mounting surface can be changed (because the pallet need not be prepared for each size of luggage), reuse of the pallet can be efficiently performed. (It is possible to realize resource saving).

However, the above-mentioned prior art variable dimension pallet (see FIG. 18) has the following technical problems.
Specifically, the dimension variable pallet 200 of the prior art described above is configured such that only the divided plate members 211a and 211b disposed on the side surface of the plate member 210 are displaced in the X direction.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 18 (b), when the mounting surface is enlarged, the end portions of the divided plate members 211a and 211b protrude from the plate member 200 (the left and right sides shown in FIG. The edge portion of the plate has a convex-concave shape, and there is a technical problem that the rigidity of the end (the region indicated by the broken line W in the drawing) of the protruding divided plate members 211a and 211b can not be secured.

As a result, in the variable-size pallet 200, when the mounting surface is enlarged, a heavy luggage can not be placed on the end (the area indicated by the broken line W) of the divided plate members 211a and 211b.
Further, in the variable-size pallet 200, even if a large number of small packages are to be placed with the placement surface expanded (the condition shown in FIG. 18B), the packages are placed in the area shown by the broken line W. I could not put it.
That is, even when the mounting surface is enlarged, the dimension variable pallet 200 has a so-called dead space where the luggage can not be placed, and the mounting surface can not be effectively used.

Further, in the case of adjusting the size of the mounting surface, the dimension variable pallet 200 described above moves the link mechanism 212 to change the size of the mounting surface, and then changes the size of the mounting surface to the back surface of the plate member 210 and divided plate members 211a and 211b. It is necessary to perform a work (hereinafter referred to as "locking work") of inserting and fastening a bolt in a bolt hole of the provided crosspieces 218 (inner crosspieces 219 and outer crosspieces 220). It took a long time to
In addition, after loading a certain amount of luggage on the loading surface, it was impossible to change the dimensions of the pallet and fix the dimensions.

In order to solve the said subject, the structure which can change the whole area is required, without forming useless unevenness | corrugation in the edge part of a mounting surface.
Patent Document 2 discloses a configuration of a vise worktable capable of changing the area of a work mounting surface although the purpose of use is different from that of a pallet as one having such a configuration.
FIG. 19 shows a perspective view of the work bench disclosed in Patent Document 2, and FIG. 20 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the main part thereof.

The work table 300 shown in FIG. 19 includes a top fuselage 301 and a support fuselage 302 which is a leg for supporting the top fuselage 301 at a predetermined height position.
The top body 301 has a pair of elongated vise beams 303 and 304 disposed substantially in parallel, and at both longitudinal ends of the vise beams 303 and 304 in a direction orthogonal to the vise plates 303 and 304. It is provided with a pair of advancing and retracting mechanisms 310, 311 which are elongated and which support the vise plates 303, 304.
At one end side in the longitudinal direction of the advancing and retracting mechanism parts 310, 311, as shown in the figure, handles 328 for the operator to operate are respectively provided, and the pair of handles are aligned with each other. The advancing and retracting mechanisms 310 and 311 are held by the support body 302 in a substantially parallel state.
Further, by rotating the pair of handlebars in either the left or right direction, the pair of advancing and retracting mechanism parts 310 and 311 are operated, and the other vise beam is made with respect to the one vise beam plate 303 fixed in position. The board 304 is adapted to move back and forth.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 20 (only the advancing and retracting mechanism unit 310 is shown), the advancing and retracting mechanism unit 310 (311) has a support member 321 extending orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the vise beam plates 303 and 304. ing. The support member 321 is formed, for example, of a metal material in the shape of a square pipe, and a groove 321 a extending linearly along the longitudinal direction of the support member 321 is formed on the upper surface thereof.

Further, in the internal space of the support member 321, a straight rod-like vise screw 313 extending along the longitudinal direction is provided rotatably around an axis. Furthermore, in the support member 321, a slide member 315 having a female screw portion 315a screwed to the vise screw 313 is provided.
Further, on the upper surface of the support member 321, a vise beam plate 303 is disposed on one end side in the longitudinal direction via a spacer block 322, and the vise beam plate 303 and the spacer block 322 form the support member 321. It is fixed by a counter bolt screw 323. On the other hand, a vise beam plate 304 is disposed on the other end side via a spacer block 324, and the vise beam plate 304 and the spacer block 324 make a groove 321a with respect to the slide member 315 in the support member 321. It is being fixed by the bolt screw 325 via.

Thus, when the vise screw 313 rotates in any direction about the axis, the slide member 315 moves forward and backward according to the rotation direction, and the vise beam plate 304 moves along with the slide member 315 by using the groove 321a. Is configured as.
Further, a handle 328 is provided at an end of the vise screw 313 on the vise beam plate 303 side, and when the operator rotates the handle 328, the vise screw 313 rotates about its axis. It is done.

  According to the work table 300 configured as described above, the visco-beam plate 304 is rotated relative to the visco-beam plate 303 by turning the pair of handles 328 provided on the left and right sides in the same direction as shown in FIG. By moving back and forth, the area of the work mounting surface formed by the vise beam plates 303 and 304 can be changed.

JP-A-8-217071 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-155498

However, in the case where the above-described configuration of the work table 300 (the top body 301 thereof) is applied to the pallet as it is, there are technical problems as described below.
That is, in the configuration of the work bench 300 shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the work mounting surface by the pair of vise beam plates 303 and 304 in the advancing and retracting mechanism parts 310 and 311 for moving the vise beam plate 304 forward and backward. The total length of the support member 321 for supporting the vise beam plates 303 and 304 does not change even if the size of V is changed. Moreover, the support body 302 which supports so that the position of the support member 321 (advance and withdrawal mechanism part 310, 311) may not shift is also required.
Therefore, when the size of the work mounting surface by the pair of vise beam plates 303 and 304 is reduced, the shape of the base (support member 321, support machine body 302) does not change even if there is no unevenness on the upper surface edge When applied to a pallet, there was a problem that the overall dimensions did not change.

Further, in the work bench disclosed in Patent Document 2, the work is sandwiched by a pair of vise beam plates 303 and 304, and the overall size is maintained by fastening the screws, while the size is variable. There is an application difference in that the dimensions of the pallet must be changed before placing the workpiece and the pallet dimensions must be maintained after placing the workpiece.
In order to enable the use described above, in the work bench disclosed in Patent Document 2, the number of component parts is large, and therefore, there are many places where friction occurs between the parts, and when the size is changed There is a problem that there is a possibility that problems such as insufficient transmission of power may occur.
Furthermore, in terms of application configuration, it is necessary to make a sufficient margin for each part, and there is a problem in dimension retention after variable in using as a pallet.
In addition, because there are problems as described above, realization of low-cost manufacturing, easiness of changing dimensions, maintenance of changed dimensions, etc., which are basic requirements for using as a dimension variable pallet It was difficult.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above technical problems, and an object of the present invention is a dimension variable pallet capable of changing the size of a loading surface on which a load is to be loaded. It is an object of the present invention to provide a variable-sized pallet capable of reducing the dead space where packages can not be mounted even if the size is changed.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the variable-size pallet according to the present invention has a plate-like deck board on the upper surface side or a plurality of plate-like deck boards arranged in parallel and on the lower surface side. A plurality of plate members are disposed in parallel with the deck board, and one or more plate-like base boards are disposed in parallel, and the deck board and the base board are disposed at both longitudinal end sides and in the center thereof. A plurality of deck board units having a rectangular mounting surface formed fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of the reference deck, and the plurality of deck board units are reference deck board units disposed at one end or both ends of the pallet And at least one movable deck board unit, wherein the reference deck board unit and the movable deck board unit are arranged in parallel on the floor surface And the width dimension of the deck board unit in the arrangement direction is formed to be different between adjacent deck board units, provided at least at both longitudinal ends of the deck board unit. The reference deck board unit is directed toward the movable deck board unit with the base end as a base end, and the unit is rotatably extended around an axis in the unit, and is inserted into through holes formed in the plurality of block members. A plurality of shaft rods having screw grooves formed on the circumferential surface at least in a predetermined range along the axial direction on the movable deck board unit, and the circumferential surface of the shaft rod at a predetermined position on the movable deck board unit side A female screw portion screwed into the formed screw groove and held in a non-rotational state with respect to the rotation of the shaft rod The movable deck board unit holding the female screw portion by rotating the plurality of shaft rods about the axis is relatively relative to the reference deck board unit along the longitudinal direction of the shaft rods. It is characterized in that it moves in the direction of separation or approach and the dimensions of the pallet change.
According to such a configuration, the movable deck board unit can be easily moved away from or in proximity to the reference deck board unit by the rotation operation of the shaft.
That is, the area of the entire pallet can be freely changed, and the dead space where the load can not be placed can be reduced.
Further, since two or more shaft rods are provided, the load when rotating the shaft can be reduced, and the operator can more easily change the pallet area, and the rigidity of the pallet can be improved. .

In addition, the reference deck board unit and the plurality of movable deck board units may be arranged in parallel, in which case each of the movable deck board units holds the female screw portion having a different thread groove pitch. The pitch of the screw groove is formed to be larger as the movable deck board unit is farther from the reference deck board unit, and is extended to the plurality of movable deck board units with the reference deck board unit as a base end. In the shaft, it is preferable that the pitch of the screw groove formed on the circumferential surface of the shaft be changed stepwise so as to be screwed on the female screw portion held by each movable deck board unit.
According to this structure, the pallet area can be enlarged in a short time because the movable deck board unit is further separated from the reference deck board unit as quickly as possible.
On the other hand, when it is desired to reduce the pallet area, it is possible to reduce the pallet area in the same short time by rotating the shaft in the opposite direction.

Further, at least one rail member fixed to the deck board unit at one end of the reference deck board unit arranged in parallel and the movable deck board unit and extending toward the deck board unit at the other end is provided. Preferably, the deck board unit to which the rail member is not fixed can slide along the rail member.
According to such a configuration, each deck board unit can be supported not only by the shaft but also by the rail member, and the rigidity can be further improved.

The plurality of deck board units are divided into at least two in the longitudinal direction of the deck board, and provided so as to be rotatable about an axis from the divided one end side unit toward the other end side unit, and The shaft rod having a screw groove formed on the circumferential surface in a predetermined range along the axial direction of the unit on the other end side and the unit on the other end side are held in a state where they do not rotate with the rotation of the shaft rod And a female screw portion screwed to a screw groove formed on the circumferential surface of the shaft, and rotating the shaft around an axis to move the divided end of the unit to the other end It is desirable for the units to move in a spaced or near direction.
By configuring in this way, the pallet area can be varied not only in one axial direction but also in two axial directions, and the pallet area can be further adjusted to the loading area of the load, and the dead space can be reduced.

In addition, a plurality of leg portions provided on the back surface of the plurality of deck board units and forming a predetermined gap between the plurality of deck board units and the floor surface are provided, and in the four side surfaces, the plurality of leg portions Preferably, a fork insertion portion into which the fork of the lifter can be inserted is formed therebetween.
By providing a plurality of legs in this manner, a gap can be formed below the deck board unit. In particular, by forming the leg portion by a top member, the front, rear, left, and right side surfaces of the variable dimension pallet communicate with the gap, and the fork of the lifter can be inserted from four directions, greatly improving convenience. Can.
In addition, since the lifter forks can support and lift the entire pallet from the lower surface of the pallet, damage to the pallet can be minimized.

Further, a long intermediate member is provided extending along the longitudinal direction of the deck board between a plurality of adjacent deck board units, and the shaft rod is inserted in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction, and the deck Stopper means for limiting the moving distance of the board unit and the intermediate member along the shaft, respectively, and the stopper means makes the clearance between the deck board unit and the intermediate member smaller than a predetermined size. Is desirable.
By providing the intermediate member and the stopper means in this manner, it is possible to increase the dimensional distance to be changed without opening a large gap on the upper and lower surfaces of the pallet.
The pallet can be supported stably by the forks of the lifter by limiting the dimension of the gap between the deck board unit and the intermediate member to, for example, the width of the fork of the lifter or less.

It is also desirable that the shaft be marked with a scale so that the pallet dimensions can be accurately changed.
Preferably, at least one side of any of the plurality of deck board units has a fork insertion portion into which a lifter fork can be inserted.
By having such a fork insertion part, the work can be performed by inserting the forks of the lifter into the pallet.

  According to the present invention, in the variable-sized pallet capable of changing the size of the loading surface on which the load is loaded, the dead space on which the load can not be loaded can be reduced even if the size of the loading surface is changed. .

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a variable-size pallet according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the back side of the variable-size pallet of FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the rear end side back surface of the variable-size pallet of FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the rear end of the variable-size pallet of FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the rear end side of the variable-sized pallet of FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of the front end side of the variable-size pallet of FIG. FIG. 7 is a side view schematically showing the configuration of the feeding means. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state where a scale is drawn on the shaft. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a modification of the dimension variable pallet according to the present invention. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing another modified example of the dimension variable pallet according to the present invention. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing still another modified example of the dimension variable pallet according to the present invention. FIG. 12 is a plan view partially showing FIG. FIG. 13 is a plan view partially showing still another modification of the variable-sized pallet according to the present invention. FIG. 14 is a front view showing a state in which the forks of the lifter are inserted into the dimension variable pallet according to the present invention. Fig.15 (a) is a front view which shows the state which inserted the fork of the lifter from the front side to the other modification of the dimension variable pallet which concerns on this invention, FIG.15 (b) is the fork of a lifter from the side. It is a side view which shows the state which inserted. FIGS. 16 (a) and 16 (b) are plan views schematically showing the operation of still another modified example of the variable-sized pallet according to the present invention. FIGS. 17 (a) and 17 (b) are plan views schematically showing the dimension variable pallet in order to explain the operation following FIG. FIG. 18 is a plan view of a conventional dimension variable pallet. FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a conventional workbench, in which the area of the mounting surface can be changed. FIG. 20 is a partial cross-sectional view of the main part of the work bench of FIG.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a variable-sized pallet according to the present invention will be described based on the drawings. The variable-size pallet according to the present invention is used by being mounted on a floor surface, and a rectangular mounting surface is formed by a plurality of plate-like deck boards arranged in parallel on the upper surface thereof. The package is placed on the description surface.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a variable-size pallet according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the back side of the variable-size pallet of FIG.
The positive direction of the x-axis shown in FIG. 1 will be described as the front side, the negative direction as the rear side, and the y-axis direction as the width (left and right) direction.

The variable-size pallet 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a first deck board unit 3A (reference deck board unit) in which a plurality of plate-like deck boards 2 are arranged in parallel on the upper surface, and a second deck board unit 3B (movable deck board unit And a third deck board unit 3C (movable deck board unit).
In the first deck board unit 3A, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of plate-like deck boards 2 extending in the width direction are arranged in parallel on the upper surface side, and as shown in FIG. Base boards 18, 19 are arranged in parallel. The plurality of deck boards 2 and the base boards 18 and 19 are respectively fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of the block members 4 and 5 provided at the left and right both end sides and the block members 10 and 11 provided at the center. There is.
The baseboard 19 among the baseboards 18 and 19 is provided in order to use the pallet which is very exhausted for a long period of time and to smoothly carry out the dimensional change. That is, the base board 19 is provided as a receiving material near the separation portion between the units. Also, the baseboard 19 may be formed of the same material (eg, wood) as the baseboard 18, but is preferably formed of a material (eg, iron or the like) stronger than the baseboard 18 to make the pallet durable. Sex can be further improved.

  In the second deck board unit 3B, a plurality of deck boards 2 are disposed in parallel on the upper surface side as shown in FIG. 1, and baseboards 18 and 19 are disposed on the lower surface side as shown in FIG. . The plurality of deck boards 2 and the base boards 18 and 19 are fixed to upper and lower surfaces of the block members 7 provided on the left and right ends of the deck boards 2 and the rail plate 15 provided at the center.

  The third deck board unit 3C has a plurality of deck boards 2 arranged in parallel on the upper surface side as shown in FIG. 1, and a plurality of base boards 18 and 19 in parallel on the lower surface side as shown in FIG. It is arranged. The plurality of deck boards 2 and the base boards 18 and 19 are fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of the block members 8 and 9 provided at the left and right ends and the block members 12 and 13 provided at the center, respectively. There is.

Thus, since each deck board unit is configured to connect the deck board 2 and the base boards 18 and 19 by the block members, a predetermined height is established between the deck board 2 and the base boards 18 and 19. A gap (not shown) having a height dimension will be formed.
This gap is communicated from the fork insertion portion 1a which is an opening formed at the front and rear ends of the variable-size pallet 1 in the x direction, and all decks are inserted by inserting the lifter fork from the fork insertion portion 1a. The board unit is supported by the forks of the lifter and can be lifted.

The second deck board unit 3B is movable relative to the first deck board unit 3A in the front-rear direction (x-axis direction) so as to be separated or close to the first deck board unit 3A.
Further, the third deck board unit 3C is also movable relative to the first deck board unit 3A in the front-rear direction (x-axis direction).
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, on the back surface side of the variable-sized pallet 1, a plurality of (three in the drawing) rail plates 15 extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction (pallet width direction) of the deck board 2. Are arranged at predetermined intervals in a state where the width direction is erected. In the present embodiment, each rail plate 15 is disposed in a state where it can be slid from the left and right between the block members 4 and 5 at the left and right ends of the first deck board unit 3A and the block members 10 and 11 at the center. And is fixed to the block members 7 at the left and right ends of the second deck board unit 3B, and the front end sides of these block members pass through the second deck board unit 3B and extend toward the third deck board unit 3C.

In the second deck board unit 3B, the block members 6 and 7 are disposed in a state where the rail plates 15 extending from the left and right sides of the first deck board unit 3A are held and fixed from the left and right.
Thus, the second deck board unit 3B fixed to the block members 6, 7 is slidable in the front-rear direction with respect to the first deck board unit 3A.

In the third deck board unit 3C, the block members 12 and 13 at the center slide the rail plate 15 extending from the center of the first deck board unit 3A through the second deck board unit 3B from the left and right It is arranged in a state of being sandwiched to the extent possible. Further, the block members 8 and 9 on both left and right sides sandwich the rail plate 15 extending from the left and right sides of the first deck board unit 3A through the second deck board unit 3B in a slidable state from the left and right. It is arranged.
Thus, the third deck board unit 3C fixed to the block members 8, 9, 12, 13 is slidable in the front-rear direction with respect to the first deck board unit 3A.

Further, in this variable-sized pallet 1, a worker can feed as a structure for easily moving the second deck board unit 3B and the third deck board unit 3C with respect to the first deck board unit 3A. Means 16 are provided.
In the present embodiment, the feeding means 16 is provided on the left and right sides of the variable-size pallet 1 as shown in FIG.
The configuration of each feeding means 16 will be described with reference to a partially enlarged view of FIGS. 3 to 6 and a schematic view of FIG. 7.
3 is an enlarged view of the rear surface on the rear end side of the variable-size pallet 1 (a part of the baseboards 18 and 19 is removed for explanation), and FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the rear end of the variable-size pallet 1 5 is a perspective view of the rear end side of the variable-size pallet 1, and FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of the front end side of the variable-size pallet 1. As shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a side view schematically showing the configuration of the feeding means 16.

Each feeding means 16 has a shaft 20 extending in the front-rear direction of the pallet and axially inserted over the entire deck board unit. The shaft rods 20 are provided on the left and right sides of the variable-size pallet 1 so as to be rotatable about their respective axes.
Further, through holes are formed in the block members 4, 6, 8 disposed on the left and right sides of the variable-size pallet 1 in the front-rear direction, and the shaft rod 20 is formed of the block members 4, 6 , 8 are rotatably inserted in the through holes. In addition, by providing the block members 4, 6, 8 through which the shaft rod 20 is inserted as described above, the rectilinearity of the shaft rod 20 in each deck board unit is maintained.
Further, since the shaft rods 20 are axially passed from the first deck board unit 3A through the second deck board unit 3B to the third deck board unit 3C on the left and right end sides of the pallet, respectively, basically The rigidity of the pallet can be maintained only by the shaft rod 20. Furthermore, as described above, since the plurality of rail plates 15 are extended from the first deck board unit 3A to the third deck board unit 3C in the same manner as the shaft rods 20, they have higher rigidity as a pallet, and The structure is designed to have sufficient resistance to pushing and lifting operations by the fork.

Further, the shaft rod 20 has a thin shaft portion 20a having a screw groove with a small diameter and pitch, and a screw groove having a larger diameter and pitch formed on the front end side (for example, a pitch twice that of the thin shaft portion 20a) And a thick shaft portion 20b. That is, in one shaft rod 20, the pitch of the screw groove formed on the circumferential surface changes stepwise (two steps in the present embodiment).
As shown in FIG. 7, the thin shaft portion 20 a of the shaft rod 20 is inserted into the through holes of the block members 4 and 6, and the thick shaft portion 20 b is inserted into the through holes of the block member 8. There is.

Also, in the first deck board unit 3A on the pallet rear end side, the block member 4 is divided into the block 4a and the block 4b in the front-rear direction as shown in FIG. A flange portion 21 formed so as to protrude in the radial direction on the surface is provided rotatably about an axis. That is, by the flange portion 21, the shaft rod 20 can be rotated only around its axis without moving in the front, rear, left, and right direction of the pallet.
The flange portion 21 may be formed integrally with the shaft rod on the circumferential surface (not necessarily screwed) of the thin shaft portion 20a, or may be formed on the thin shaft portion 20a screwed. The nut may be screwed and fixed by welding or the like.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a handle insertion hole 23 is formed on the rear end face of the block member 4b, and the handle insertion hole 23 communicates with the rear end of the thin shaft portion 20a as shown in FIG. . The rear end of the thin shaft portion 20a has, for example, a hexagonal shape, and as shown in FIG. 5, a handle member 24 having a socket engageable therewith is inserted from the handle insertion hole 23 and the tip is The shaft rod 20 can be easily rotated about its axis by engaging with the rear end of the thin shaft portion 20a and rotating the handle member 24 about the axis.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, in the second deck board unit 3B, the block member 6 is divided into the block 6a and the block 6b in the front-rear direction, and a small nut screwed into the screw groove of the thin shaft portion 20a therebetween. 25 (female screw portion) is held so as not to rotate in unison with rotation of the shaft 20. That is, the thin shaft portion 20 a is inserted into the through holes of the blocks 6 a and 6 b in a state of being screwed into the small nut 25.
Thereby, when the shaft rod 20 rotates around the axis, the small nut 25 moves relative to the shaft rod 20 (thin shaft portion 20a) in the front-rear direction, so the second deck board provided with the small nut 25 The unit 3B moves in either the front or back direction with respect to the first deck board unit 3A.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, in the third deck board unit 3C, the block member 8 is divided into the block 8a and the block 8b in the front-rear direction, and a large nut screwed into the screw groove of the thick shaft portion 20b therebetween. 26 (female screw portion) is held in a state where it does not rotate together with the rotation of the shaft rod 20. That is, the thick shaft portion 20 b is inserted into the through holes of the blocks 8 a and 8 b in a state of being screwed to the large nut 26.
Thereby, when the shaft rod 20 rotates around the axis, the large nut 26 moves relative to the shaft rod 20 in the front-rear direction, so the third deck board unit 3C provided with the large nut 26 is the first deck The board unit 3A is moved forward or backward.

  The screw pitch of the large nut 26 provided in the third deck board unit 3C (thicker than the screw groove pitch of the small nut 25 provided in the second deck board unit 3B (the screw groove pitch of the thin shaft portion 20a) Since the screw groove pitch) of the shaft portion 20b is large, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the third deck is more than the moving distance (speed) of the second deck board unit 3B with respect to the rotation of the shaft rod 20. The moving distance (speed) of the board unit 3C is increased. Therefore, interference between the second deck board unit 3B and the third deck board unit 3C can be avoided, and the distances (intervals) between the deck board units can be made approximately equal.

Further, as described above, since the shaft rods 20 are provided on both the left and right sides of the pallet, in order to smoothly move the second deck board unit 3B and the second deck board unit 3B, the shaft rods 20 on both left and right sides are provided. At the same time around the axis.
Here, by marking the scale 27 on the shaft 20 in advance as shown in FIG. 8, it is possible to accurately know the moving distance of the deck board unit by the handle operation (rotation operation of the shaft 20) on both left and right sides. The accuracy of the pallet area enlargement operation can be improved.

In order to enlarge the pallet area in the variable-dimension pallet 1 configured in this way, the operator inserts the handle member 24 from the handle insertion hole 23 formed in the rear end face of the block 4b of the first deck board unit 3A, The shaft rod 20 is rotated about the axis in a predetermined direction.
As a result, the second deck board unit 3B fixed to the block member 6 moves in a direction away from the first deck board unit 3A at a predetermined speed based on the screw groove pitch of the thin shaft portion 20a.
Furthermore, since the screw groove pitch of the thick shaft portion 20b is larger than the screw groove pitch of the thin shaft portion 20a of the shaft rod 20, the third deck board unit 3C fixed to the block member 8 is a screw of the thick shaft portion 20b. Based on the groove pitch, it separates from the first deck board unit 3A at a higher speed.
That is, since the deck board unit spaced apart from the position-fixed first deck board unit 3A is separated more quickly, the pallet area can be enlarged in a short time.
On the other hand, when it is desired to reduce the pallet area, the operator can reduce the pallet area in the same short time by rotating the shaft rod 20 in the reverse direction using the handle member 24.
Even in the state where the pallet area is reduced the most, since the pallet width is larger than the length of the shaft rod 20, the dimension of the dimension variable pallet 1 changes in a predetermined range larger than the length of the shaft rod 20.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the movable deck board unit (the second deck board unit 3B and the third deck board unit 3C) can be easily moved to the reference deck board unit (the second deck board unit 3B and the third deck board unit 3C) The first deck board unit 3A) can be moved relative to or away from the first deck board unit 3A).
That is, the area of the entire pallet can be freely changed, and the dead space where the load can not be placed can be reduced.
Moreover, since the dimension variable pallet 1 described above can be configured with a small number of parts, it can be manufactured at low cost.
Further, since the number of parts is small, there is little friction between the parts, and troubles such as catching and insufficient transmission of force do not occur at the time of size change. Therefore, the dimensions can be easily changed by turning the handle member 24.
Also, by removing the handle member 24 after changing the dimensions, it becomes difficult to rotate the shaft 20, and the changed dimensions do not inadvertently change, so the pallet can be used as a pallet while maintaining the changed dimensions. can do.
In addition, even after loading a certain amount of luggage on the loading surface, it is possible to change and fix the dimensions, and can be applied to other physical distribution devices (for example, roll box pallets).

In the above-described embodiment, the two movable deck board units are moved at different speeds, respectively, in the direction of separation or approach with respect to the reference deck board unit by the rotation of the shaft rod 20 supported by the plurality of deck board units. To change the pallet area.
However, in the variable-sized pallet according to the present invention, the number of movable deck board units moved by the rotation of the shaft 20 and the area of each unit are not limited.
In addition, since the moving speed of each deck board unit is also determined by the pitch of the screw groove constituting the shaft rod 20 as described above, the screw groove is the closer to the movable deck board unit on the side farther from the first deck board unit 3A. If the pitch of is large, the pitch dimensions can be set arbitrarily.

Further, in the above embodiment, the screw groove pitch is changed depending on the diameter of the shaft rod 20, and the moving distance (moving speed) of the second deck board unit 3B and the third deck board unit 3C is different. However, the present invention is not limited to the configuration.
For example, the screw groove pitch may be changed midway even if the shaft diameter of the shaft rod 20 is constant, such as changing from a single thread screw to a double thread screw on the same shaft rod 20.

Incidentally, the second deck board unit 3B is configured with respect to the first deck board unit 3A which is configured by the two deck board units, that is, the first deck board unit 3A and the second deck board unit 3B, and the position-variable pallet 1 is fixed. In the case of moving in the direction of separation or approach, for example, it may be configured as shown in FIG.
In this case, the shaft 20 may be configured without changing its diameter and the pitch of the screw groove.
Further, in the above embodiment, the baseboards 18 and 19 are provided on the lower surface side of the deck board units 3A, 3B and 3C, and the baseboards 18 and 19 are installed on the ground to make the size variable pallet 1 Is maintained in a flat state, but the present invention is not limited to this form. For example, even if the baseboards 18 and 19 are not provided, the variable-sized pallet 1 may be placed in a flat state. In that case, it is desirable that the ground surface near the separation portion between the units be reinforced by using a different material. Specifically, for example, in the case where the entire pallet is formed of resin, it is preferable that a metal or the like be inserted and reinforced on the inner side of the installation surface.

Further, in the above embodiment, the pallet is enlarged and reduced only in one direction in the front-rear direction (x direction), but the size variable pallet according to the present invention is limited to that form is not.
That is, as shown in FIG. 10, in addition to expansion and contraction in the front-rear direction (x direction), the structure can be configured to expand and contract in the width direction (y direction). FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a state in which a part of the deck boards 2 is removed among the plurality of deck boards 2 covering the upper surface of the pallet. Further, in the deck board 2 shown in FIG. 10, it is a wide board.
In this case, as shown in the drawing, the deck board 2 and the base board 18 may be divided in the width direction (y direction), and the feeding means 16 may be provided on both end sides in the front and back direction (x direction).
In the illustrated configuration example, the variable-size pallet 1 is divided into three deck board units 3A, 3B and 3C in the x-axis direction, and divided into two deck board units 3D and 3E in the y-axis direction. .

The deck board units 3B and 3C are configured to move forward and backward with respect to the deck board unit 3A in the front-rear direction (x direction) along the shaft rod 20 as described in the above embodiment.
Further, the deck board unit 3D is configured to move forward and backward with respect to the deck board unit 3E along the shaft rods 30 extending in the width direction (y axis direction) respectively provided on both ends of the pallet in the x axis direction. ing. That is, the shaft rod 30 is rotatably provided around the axis, and a screw groove is formed on the circumferential surface in a predetermined range in the length direction, and the screw groove of the shaft rod 30 is screwed to the deck board unit 3D. A contact nut (not shown) is held so as not to rotate with the rotation of the shaft rod 30. Therefore, when the shaft rod 30 is rotated about the axis, the deck board unit 3D provided with the nut screwed in contact with it advances and retracts with respect to the deck board unit 3E. That is, according to such a configuration, in addition to the expansion and contraction in the front-rear direction (x direction), the expansion and contraction can be performed in the width direction (y direction).

In the above embodiment, the first deck board unit 3A, which is a reference deck board unit, is disposed at one pallet end, and is used as a base end along the axial rod 20 extending in the x-axis direction. The second deck board unit side 3B and the third deck board unit 3C, which are units, move forward and backward relative to the first deck board unit 3A.
However, the dimension variable pallet of the present invention is not limited to that form, and for example, the reference deck board units may be disposed at both ends of the pallet and a movable deck board may be disposed therebetween. .
In this case, for example, as shown in FIG. 11, the deck board unit 3F as a reference deck board unit and the deck board unit 3G are disposed at the pallet end, and the deck board unit 3H as a movable deck board is disposed between them. The configuration is conceivable. FIG. 12 is a plan view partially showing the configuration of FIG.
In this configuration, shaft rods 20A and 20B rotatable about the axes are extended from the deck board unit 3F and the deck board unit 3G toward the deck board unit 3H, and each shaft is provided on the deck board unit 3H side. The nuts 25 screwed into the screw grooves of the rods 20A, 20B are held in a state where they do not rotate together with the rotation of the shaft rods 20A, 20B.
With this configuration, by rotating the shaft rods 20A and 20B from the deck board unit 3F side or from the deck board unit 3G side, it is possible to move the deck board unit 3H which is a movable deck board back and forth.

Further, in the above embodiment, the shaft rod 20 is inserted into the inner block of the blocks arranged in a pair so as to sandwich the left and right sides of the rail plate 15, but the dimension variable pallet of the present invention If it is, it is not limited to the composition.
For example, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the rail plates 15 provided at both ends in the pallet width direction (y direction) are disposed inside, the shaft rods 20A and 20B are disposed outside the rail plate 15, and further outside Alternatively, the block members 31 and 32 may be disposed.
By this configuration, the shaft rods 20A and 20B are configured such that both sides thereof are sandwiched by the block members 31 and 32 and the rail plate 15, and the thruster when the fork of the lifter is inserted into the fork insertion portion 1a. Thus, the shaft rods 20A and 20B can be protected from impact due to the same. Further, since the block members 33 and 34 into which the shaft rods 20A and 20B are inserted are sandwiched between the block members 31 and 32 and the rail plate 15 on the left and right sides thereof, the rigidity is increased and the pusher of the lifter It is possible to prevent damage or the like of the handle insertion hole (the part where the handle 24 is inserted in FIG. 12) from an impact such as, for example.

Further, in the above embodiment, the shaft rods 20 are respectively provided on both ends of the deck board unit, and the pallet dimensions are changed by simultaneously rotating the two shaft rods 20. However, the dimensions according to the present invention The variable pallet is not limited to the configuration.
For example, in addition to the shaft rods 20 at both ends of the deck board unit, one or more shaft rods 20 may be provided between them (this configuration further improves the rigidity of the pallet).
Alternatively, as shown in the plan view of FIG. 13, one shaft rod 20 is disposed on the center side of the deck board, and this one shaft rod 20 is rotated about its axis using the handle member 24. The second deck board unit 3B or the like may be moved relative to the one deck board unit 3A. In this case, as the second deck board unit 3B etc. relative to the first deck board unit 3A does not rotate around the axis relatively, preferably as a guide member for preventing rotation at both ends (at least one side) of the deck board unit , Rail members 15 are provided.
The rail member 15 is fixed to one of the first deck board unit 3A and the second deck board unit 3B, and the other deck board unit can slide on the rail member 15. With this configuration, even with one shaft rod 20, the dimensions can be easily changed while keeping the pallet surface flat.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, in each deck board unit, as shown in FIG. 14, a gap S1 of a predetermined height is formed between the deck board 2 and the base boards 18 and 19. Therefore, as shown in the drawing, the fork F of the lifter is inserted into the gap S1 from the front or rear surface of the variable-sized pallet 1 and is lifted.
Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 15 (a) and 15 (b), a plurality of legs 35 for supporting the deck board unit may be provided under the base boards 18, 19. By providing the legs 35, a gap S2 is newly formed below the deck board unit. At this time, by forming the leg portion 35 by a frame-like member, as shown in FIGS. 15 (a) and 15 (b), the side surfaces of the variable dimension pallet 1 communicate with the gap S2. The fork F of the lifter can be inserted from four directions (because the fork insertion portion is formed between the legs 35), and the convenience is greatly improved. In addition, since the forks F of the lifter can support and lift the entire pallet from the lower surface of the pallet instead of supporting only the deck board 2 and lifting the entire pallet as shown in FIG. 14, damage to the pallet is minimized. be able to.

Further, in the above embodiment, the maximum size when the first deck board unit 3A and the second deck board unit 3B are pulled apart, or the second deck board unit 3B and the third deck board The largest dimension at the time of pulling apart from the unit 3C was not particularly limited.
However, as shown in FIG. 15 (b), when the fork F of the lifter is inserted along the longitudinal direction of the deck board 2 and the base boards 18, 19, the gap dimension between the deck board units is the width of the fork F If it is larger, the support of the pallet by the fork F becomes unstable.
Therefore, in order to prevent the size of the gap between the deck board units from becoming larger than the width of the fork F, it extends in the longitudinal direction of the deck board 2 between the deck board units 3A and 3B as schematically shown in FIG. It is desirable to provide the provided long intermediate member 36. 16 (a) shows an intermediate member 36 provided between the first deck board unit 3A and the second deck board unit 3B.

  In FIG. 16 (a), a block member 36a is provided at one end of the intermediate member 36, for example, outward on the circumferential surface of the shaft rod 20 between the block member 36a and the block member 6b. A first stopper member 37 (stopper means) projecting in an annular shape is provided. The first stopper member 37 is provided so as not to move at least in the axial direction of the shaft 20 (may be formed integrally with the shaft 20), and is engaged with the side surface of the block member 36a to thereby form an intermediate member. It is designed to limit the distance traveled by 36.

Further, in the intermediate member 36, on the side surface of the block member 36a, there is provided a second stopper member 38 (a stopper means) extending long on the side of the second deck board unit 3B which is a movable deck board unit. As shown, the second stopper member 38 has a hooked portion 38a formed by bending the tip thereof inward, and when the pallet area is expanded, the hooked portion 38a is formed into the block member 6a. It is attached to be locked to. In addition, the movement of the second deck board unit 3B relative to the intermediate member 36 is limited by the hook portion 38a of the second stopper member 38 being locked to the block member 6a.

  In such a configuration, for example, when the pallet area is enlarged from the state of FIG. 16A, the shaft rod 20 is rotated around the axis in a predetermined direction. At this time, as shown in FIG. 16B, the first deck board unit 3A moves in a direction in which the first deck board unit 3A is pulled away from the intermediate member 36 and the second deck board unit 3B. Then, the intermediate member 36 stands still until the first stopper member 37 contacts the block member 36a at the end of the intermediate member 36, and the gap dimension between the first deck board unit 3A and the intermediate member 36 is the lifter It is limited to the dimension Y1 smaller than the fork width.

As shown in FIG. 16 (b), when the first stopper member 37 contacts the block member 36a of the intermediate member 36 and the shaft 20 is continuously rotated about the axis, as shown in FIG. 17 (a). As shown, the second deck board unit 3B moves so as to be pulled away from the intermediate member 36 (the intermediate member 36 is in a state in which the movement is restricted upward by the first stopper member 37).
Then, as shown, the second deck board unit 3B is movable until the hooked portion 38a of the second stopper member 38 is locked to the block member 6a, and the intermediate member 36 and the second deck board unit 3B The gap between them is limited to a dimension Y2 smaller than the lifter fork width.
In this manner, the distance between the first deck board unit 3A and the second deck board unit 3B can be expanded to the dimension Y1 + Y2, and the gap can be limited to Y1 and Y2 smaller than the fork width. The lifting work by the fork F of the lifter can be stably performed.

When the pallet area is contracted from the maximum expansion state as shown in FIG. 17A, the shaft rod 20 is rotated about the axis in the opposite direction. As a result, first, as shown in FIG. 17B, the first deck board unit 3A moves in the direction approaching the second deck board unit 3B, and the intermediate member 36 abuts on the first deck board unit 3A.
Further, from the state of FIG. 17 (b), the intermediate member 36 and the first deck board unit 3A approach the second deck board unit 3B, and as shown in FIG. 16 (a), the second deck board unit 3B is intermediate. The pallet 36 is brought into contact with the member 36 to minimize the pallet area.
In the state of FIG. 16 (b) or in the state of FIGS. 17 (a) and 17 (b), even if the intermediate member 36 moves up and down along the shaft rod 20, the gap dimension is equal to or larger than the dimensions Y1 and Y2. It must not be.
In the configuration examples shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the gap dimensions Y1 and Y2 are described as being smaller than the lifter fork width, but the sizes of the gap dimensions Y1 and Y2 are not limited. By providing the intermediate member and the stopper means as described above, the dimensional distance to be changed can be increased without opening a large gap on the upper and lower surfaces of the pallet.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the deck board was shown as a long board-like shape, the shape is not limited.
That is, any board may be used as long as it forms the upper surface of each deck board unit, for example, a square board as shown in FIG.

In the case of a variable-sized pallet, the deck board unit that actually displaces (moves) when changing the pallet size due to the size, weight, friction, etc. of each deck board unit (reference deck board unit or movable deck board Can not be identified).
However, in the above embodiment, for convenience of explanation, the reference deck board unit and the movable deck board unit are distinguished for the sake of convenience. Therefore, in the dimension variable pallet according to the present invention, not only when the movable deck board unit is displaced (moved) with respect to the stationary reference deck board at the time of dimensional change, but also with respect to the stationary movable deck board unit. The present invention is also applicable to the case where the deck board unit is displaced (moved) or when both are displaced (moved).

1 Dimension variable pallet 1a Fork insertion part 2 deck board 3A 1st deck board unit 3A (reference deck board unit)
3B Second deck board unit 3B (movable deck board unit)
3C Third deck board unit 3C (movable deck board unit)
Reference Signs List 4 block member 4a block 4b block 5 block member 6 block member 6a block 6b block 7 block member 8 block member 8a block 8b block 9 block member 10 block member 11 block member 12 block member 13 block member 15 rail plate 18 base board 19 base board Board 20 shaft rod 20a thin screw 20b thick screw 21 flange 25 small nut (female screw)
26 large nut (female screw)
27 Scale 35 Leg 37 First Stopper (Stopper Means)
38 Second stopper member (stopper means)

Claims (5)

One plate-shaped deck board is arranged on the upper surface side, or a plurality of plate-shaped deck boards are arranged in parallel, and one or more plate-shaped base boards are arranged in parallel on the lower surface side in parallel with the deck board Rectangular mounting surfaces formed by fixing the deck board and the base board to the upper and lower surfaces of a plurality of block members arranged at both ends in the longitudinal direction and at the center, respectively. A plurality of deck board units, the plurality of deck board units comprising a reference deck board unit disposed at one end side or both ends of the pallet, and at least one movable deck board unit, the reference deck board unit And the movable deck board unit are arranged in parallel on the floor surface, and the width dimension of the deck board unit in the arrangement direction is Fit a size variable pallet that is differently formed between the deck board unit,
At least both end sides in the longitudinal direction of the deck board unit are provided, the reference deck board unit side is directed to the movable deck board unit side with the base end as a base end, and is extended rotatably around an axis in the unit A plurality of shaft rods inserted through the through holes formed in the plurality of block members and having screw grooves formed on the circumferential surface at least in a predetermined range along the axial direction on the movable deck board unit side; and the movable deck At a predetermined position on the board unit side, it has a female screw portion screwed into a screw groove formed on the circumferential surface of the shaft and held in a state where it does not rotate together with the rotation of the shaft.
The movable deck board unit holding the female screw portion by rotating the plurality of shaft rods around the axis is in a direction away from or in proximity to the reference deck board unit along the longitudinal direction of the shaft rods. Moving to and changing the dimensions of the pallet. The reference deck board unit arranged in parallel and the movable deck board unit, at least one rail member fixed to the deck board unit at one end and extending toward the deck board unit at the other end,
The pallet board unit according to claim 1, wherein the deck board unit to which the rail member is not fixed is slidable along the rail member. It has a plurality of legs provided on the back surface of the plurality of deck board units and forming a predetermined gap between the plurality of deck board units and the floor surface,
The dimension variable pallet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a fork insertion portion into which a lifter fork can be inserted is formed between the plurality of legs on four side faces. An elongated intermediate member extending along the longitudinal direction of the deck board between a plurality of adjacent deck board units, and in which the shaft is inserted in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction;
Stopper means for respectively limiting the movement distance of the deck board unit and the intermediate member along the shaft;
The dimension change pallet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a gap dimension between the deck board unit and the intermediate member is made equal to or less than a predetermined dimension by the stopper means.   A variable scale pallet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a scale is drawn on the shaft rod.

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