JP2019086161A - Dryer for organic material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a dryer capable of rapidly drying and concurrently sterilizing an organic material.SOLUTION: A dryer 1 for an organic material, comprising an agitation tank 2 having a feed port 22 and a discharge port door 15 for an organic material, a shaft structured to be axially rotatable and extending approximately in the horizontal direction in the agitation tank 2, with one or a plurality of agitation blades 3 outwardly extending from the periphery of the shaft, a jacket body 23 which is disposed to surround at least the bottom part of the agitation tank 2 and includes a flow path communicating with a superheated steam generation source, and an exhaust port 16 disposed on the upper part of the dryer 1, is characterized in that a plurality of ejection holes penetrating through to the inside of the agitation tank are formed so that superheated steam can be ejected onto the bottom part of the agitation tank 2. The dryer 1 is further characterized in that the inner face of the bottom part of the agitation tank 2 is curved so as to form a roughly uniform clearance between the tip of the rotating agitation blade 3 and the inner face of the bottom part of the agitation tank 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a drier capable of drying organic matter such as fruits and vegetables in a short time, and more particularly to a drier for organic matter using superheated steam or hot air as a drying fluid.

  It is good to dry in order to preserve organic substances such as fruits and vegetables long. In particular, it is common practice to dry mushrooms such as maiko and shiitake mushrooms. In addition, dried vegetables such as persimmon and nanban and fruits such as persimmon and banana are marketed as food.

  Patent Document 1 relates to a stirring device and a drying device, and drying and sterilizing a material to be treated which is to be treated and which is introduced into the container while spraying drying fluid such as high temperature steam and air from the stirring means in the container It teaches that by doing, the material to be dried can be efficiently dried and sterilized.

  Patent Document 2 relates to a garbage disposal apparatus, and includes a crushing and dewatering device for crushing and dewatering garbage, a dryer for drying the crushed and dewatered garbage, a stirring device rotatably provided in the dryer, and a dryer A heat exchanger for heating air in a drying fan using a fan, a burner for burning air discharged from a dryer, air heated by the burner, and heat for recovering the heat of the exhaust air It discloses about garbage processing equipment provided with a collection means. However, Patent Document 2 does not teach that the superheated steam is jetted from below the material to be dried to dry the organic matter and the like. The invention according to Patent Document 2 has a hot air passage at the periphery of the drying container, but the high temperature air is adiabatically cooled by coming into contact with the garbage in the drying container, and the garbage is heated and the water activity is reduced while drying. The air temperature at the outlet of the machine increases slowly (see paragraphs 0009 to 0012 of the specification of Patent Document 2), and does not instantaneously increase the temperature of the material to be dried.

  In addition, various techniques have been implemented to sterilize microorganisms and the like contained in organic matter. For example, high-pressure steam sterilization is a method of killing microorganisms and the like using saturated steam at an appropriate temperature and pressure. The advantage of this method is that it allows rapid heating to penetrate heat deep into the object to be sterilized, ensuring that all microorganisms are killed in a relatively short time. In the high-pressure steam sterilization method, it is important to completely replace the air and the saturated steam in the stirring tank, and it is necessary that the saturated steam reach all the objects to be sterilized.

JP, 2009-28650, A Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 6-55158

  There is a need for a dryer that can be rapidly dried while sterilizing organic matter and the like. However, there is a problem that handling as a drying fluid is difficult because the high-temperature steam and the high-temperature air, which have a strong sterilizing action, have properties of being lighter and rising immediately than normal air.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, in a dryer for organic matter, a stirring vessel having an inlet and an outlet for an organic matter, and a shaft extending substantially horizontally into the stirring vessel and configured to be rotatable about its axis. A flow extending in fluid communication with the superheated steam source, disposed so as to surround the shaft and at least the bottom of the stirring vessel, with one or more stirring blades extending outward from the periphery of the shaft A jacket body having a channel, and an exhaust port provided at the top of the dryer, and from the flow path of the jacket body to the inside of the stirring tank so that superheated steam can be jetted to the bottom in the stirring tank A dryer for organic matter is provided, wherein a plurality of blow-out holes are formed.

  Furthermore, the bottom inner surface of the stirring vessel may be curved so as to have a substantially constant clearance between the tip of the rotating stirring blade and the bottom inner surface of the stirring vessel.

  In a further embodiment, an axial conduit extends in the shaft and in fluid communication with the hot air source so that hot air can be injected into the stirring vessel from at least one of the shaft and the stirring blade. One or more injection holes in fluid communication with the in-axis conduit are formed in at least one of the shaft and the agitating blades.

  In a further embodiment, an axial conduit extending in fluid communication with the superheated steam source is provided in the shaft such that superheated steam can be injected into the stirring vessel from at least one of the shaft and the stirring blade. At least one of the shaft and the stirring blade is formed with one or more injection holes in fluid communication with the axial conduit.

  In another embodiment of the present invention, in a drier for organic matter, a stirring vessel having an inlet and an outlet for organic matter, and a shaft extending substantially horizontally into the stirring vessel and configured to be rotatable about its axis. A flow extending in fluid communication with the hot air source, wherein the flow extends outward from the periphery of the shaft and extends around the shaft and at least the bottom of the mixing vessel. A jacket body having a passage, and an exhaust port provided at the top of the dryer, and penetrating from the flow path of the jacket body to the inside of the agitation tank so that hot air can be jetted to the bottom in the agitation tank A dryer for organic matter is provided, characterized in that a plurality of blowout holes are formed.

  Furthermore, the bottom inner surface of the stirring vessel may be curved so as to have a substantially constant clearance between the tip of the rotating stirring blade and the bottom inner surface of the stirring vessel.

  In a further embodiment, an axial conduit extending in fluid communication with the superheated steam source is provided in the shaft such that superheated steam can be injected into the stirring vessel from at least one of the shaft and the stirring blade. A plurality of holes in fluid communication with the in-shaft conduit are formed in at least one of the shaft and the agitating blades.

The figure which shows the dryer connected with the superheated steam generator etc. The figure which sees through and shows a part of dryer of this invention in detail. The figure which shows the dryer seen by the eyes of the arrow P direction shown in FIG. The figure which shows the dryer seen by the gaze of the arrow Q direction shown in FIG. The figure which shows an example of a shaft and a stirring blade. The figure which shows a to-be-dried thing rolling in the stirring chamber. The figure which shows the position where several blowing holes should be formed. The figure which shows the shape of a stirring chamber roughly. The figure which shows the position where several blowing holes should be formed. The expanded view of the stirring tank or jacket body which shows the position where several blowing holes should be formed.

  The dryer of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached figures.

  FIG. 1 shows the dryer 1 of the present invention when connected to a superheated steam generator. If superheated steam is used as the drying fluid for the dryer 1, for example, superheated steam having a pressure of about 0.2 MPa can be used. Moreover, the temperature of the superheated steam to be used is set to an appropriate temperature according to the kind and quantity of the organic substance to be dried.

  In another embodiment, the dryer 1 may be connected to a hot air generator instead of the superheated steam generator. Alternatively, it may be configured to be able to switch between superheated steam and hot air using a switching valve. Even when hot air is used as a drying fluid for the dryer 1, for example, high pressure hot air of about 0.2 MPa can be used. Moreover, the temperature of the hot air used is set to an appropriate temperature according to the kind and quantity of the organic substance to be dried.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the drier 1 includes a horizontally long stirring tank 2. The stirring tank 2 may be formed of a heat-resistant synthetic resin or metal. In the stirring tank 2, a shaft rotatably constructed extends substantially horizontally, and one or a plurality of stirring blades 3 (shown schematically in FIG. 1) outwardly from the periphery of the shaft ) Is extended. By rotating the stirring blade 3, the material to be dried in the stirring chamber 2 is stirred. The shaft and the stirring blade 3 may be formed from separate members or may be integrally formed as one member. Further, at the position of the top of the drier 1, an inlet 22 for introducing the material to be dried into the stirring tank 2 is provided. The volume of the substance to be dried to be introduced into the stirring tank 2 should be careful not to overfill the substance into the stirring tank 2 with about 60% of the volume of the stirring tank as a standard.

  As further shown in FIG. 1, a jacket body 23 having a flow passage in fluid communication with the superheated steam generation source is disposed so as to surround at least the bottom of the stirring tank 2. In one embodiment, the bottom wall of the agitating tank 2 and the top wall of the jacket body 23 consist of the same wall. That is, there are also cases where both share walls dividing the stirring tank 2 and the jacket body 23. Then, a plurality of blowout holes 10 penetrating from the flow path of the jacket body 23 to the inside of the stirring tank 2 (see FIG. 10 etc.) so that superheated steam (or hot air) can be jetted to the bottom in the stirring tank 2 Is formed. Moreover, the discharge port door 15 for taking out the dried organic substance is provided in the side of the dryer 1. As shown in FIG. In the dryer 1 of the other embodiment, the organic substance discharge port may double as the organic substance input port.

  By using the superheated steam as the drying fluid, the temperature of the organic substance (dried matter) in the stirring tank 2 can be instantaneously raised. At this time, the moisture generated from the organic matter is vaporized, rises with the superheated steam, and is released from the exhaust port 16 provided in the upper part of the dryer 1. In one embodiment, the exhaust port 16 may be provided with an on-off valve (not shown) so that the inside of the stirring tank 2 can be made a sealed space as needed. In one embodiment, a ventilating fan may be attached to the exhaust port 16.

  FIG. 2 is a detailed perspective view of a part of the dryer 1 of the present invention, and the jacket body 23 is disposed so as to surround at least the bottom of the stirring tank 2. Furthermore, a heat insulating material 24 is disposed to surround the jacket body 23. In addition, a flow passage in fluid communication with the superheated steam generation source is formed in the jacket body 23 so that the superheated steam flowing from the air inlet 17 can be allowed to flow through the flow path of the jacket body 23 It is done. In various embodiments of the present invention, the flow passage of the jacket body 23 may be formed as a serpentine flow passage, or the entire inside of the jacket body 23 may be formed as a flow passage in a cavity. In order to accelerate the flow of the superheated steam flowing through the flow passage of the jacket body 23, a restriction (a weir with a small cross-sectional area) may be formed at one or more locations of the flow passage.

  The organic substance in the stirring tank 2 is dried by the high pressure superheated steam jetted from the jacket body 23 through the blowout hole 10 while being stirred by the stirring blade 3 and thus heat is uniformly transmitted to the core of the organic substance Excess moisture contained in can be released efficiently. Immediately after the start of the drying operation, when the organic matter in the stirring tank 2 is completely cooled, the superheated steam jetted to the organic matter may be cooled and dew condensation may occur on the surface of the organic matter. However, in most cases, the temperature of the organic matter in the stirring tank 2 quickly reaches 100 ° C. or more, the water starts to evaporate, and the organic matter can be dried to the core.

  In one embodiment, a controller (not shown) configured to change the temperature of the superheated steam injected from the blowout hole 10 according to the temperature indicated by the thermometer 26 for measuring the temperature in the stirring tank. There is also a case to prepare. In a further embodiment of the present invention, a controller (not shown) is configured to change the flow rate of the superheated steam injected from the blowout hole 10 according to the temperature indicated by the thermometer 27 for measuring the temperature of the jacket body. In some cases.

  FIG. 3 shows the dryer 1 when viewed in the direction of the line of sight (view P) indicated by the arrow P in FIG. FIG. 4 shows the drier 1 when viewed in the direction of the line of sight (view of Q) indicated by the arrow Q in FIG.

  FIG. 5 shows an example of a shaft configured to be axially rotatable in the stirring chamber 2 and a plurality of stirring blades 3. As shown in FIG. 5, the stirring blade 3 may be composed of a plurality of blades arranged at predetermined intervals so as to form the shape of a spiral step centered on the shaft. It may also consist of a single blade formed on. In one embodiment, one or more stirring blades 3 extend outwardly about a length of about 60 cm from the periphery of the shaft. In other embodiments, the length of the one or more stirring blades 3 may be longer or shorter than 60 cm. In the embodiment in which the plurality of stirring blades 3 extend from the shaft, the plurality of stirring blades 3 are spaced, for example, about 30 cm apart. In another embodiment, the plurality of stirring blades 3 are arranged at other appropriate intervals.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in one embodiment, each of the stirring blades 3 is formed to have a T-shaped cross-sectional shape. In other embodiments, each of the stirring blades 3 may be formed to have a rectangular cross-sectional shape, or may be formed to have an oval cross-sectional shape.

  FIG. 6 schematically shows the organic substance (dried matter) 11 rolling in the stirring tank 2 by a black circle. Moreover, the superheated steam currently inject | poured into the stirring tank 2 from several blowing holes is shown by several arrows. As shown in FIG. 6, the bottom inner surface of the stirring tank 2 is curved so that the clearance (gap) between the tip of the rotating stirring blade 3 and the bottom inner surface of the stirring tank 2 is reduced, The organic substance 11 in the stirring tank 2 can be sufficiently stirred by the stirring blade 3.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, since the stirring blade 3 is rotating in the direction indicated by the arrow A (the tip of the rotating stirring blade 3 is drawing a circle), in the stirring tank 2 Many organic substances 11 rolling are collected on the left side in the stirring tank 2. In one embodiment, in order to sufficiently agitate the organic matter 11 in the stirring tank 2, after rotating for a predetermined time in the rotation direction of arrow A, the stirring blade 3 is rotated in the rotation direction opposite to arrow A. It may be When the dried organic matter 11 is to be discharged, the organic matter 11 subjected to the centrifugal force is vigorously discharged simply by opening the outlet door 15. The outlet door 15 may be configured to open and close electrically, or may be configured to open and close manually. However, the outlet door 15 may be disposed at a position different from the position shown in FIG.

  7 and 9 show, in conjunction with FIG. 8, the positions where a plurality of blowout holes 10 extending from the jacket body 23 into the stirring tank 2 are to be formed. In one embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 9, a blowout hole 10 is formed at the intersection of a plurality of orthogonal lines. The plurality of blowoff holes 10 may be formed by perforations or may be formed using techniques other than perforations. In the dryer 1 according to still another embodiment, a plurality of blowout holes 10 extending from the jacket body 23 into the stirring tank 2 allow the superheated steam to be injected also to locations other than the bottom of the stirring tank 2, It may be formed to a position higher than the bottom of the stirring tank 2.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the bottom inner surface of the stirring tank 2 is curved so as to have a substantially constant clearance (gap) between the tip of the rotating stirring blade 3 and the bottom inner surface of the stirring tank 2. It is good. In one embodiment, the clearance between the tip of the rotating stirring blade 3 and the inner surface of the bottom of the stirring tank 2 is configured to be as narrow as several centimeters. By having a narrow clearance, even small objects to be dried 11 can be sufficiently stirred.

  FIG. 10 is a development view of the stirring tank 2 or the jacket body 23, and shows an example of a position where a plurality of injection holes 4 penetrating from the jacket body 23 into the stirring tank 2 are to be formed. In FIG. 10, 525 blowing holes 10 having a diameter of about 2 mm are formed at equal intervals at the positions of the intersections of a plurality of orthogonal lines. In another embodiment, the number of the blowout holes 10 may be denser as the height is higher at the curved bottom of the agitating tank 2, or the number of the blowout holes 10 may be denser as the lower position. is there. In still other embodiments, other appropriate numbers of blowout holes 10 may be formed.

  The use of the dryer 1 according to the present invention will be described. First, the organic substance (dried matter) introduced into the stirring tank 2 is rolled by being stirred by the stirring blade 3. Then, high pressure (for example, 0.1 MPa or more) superheated steam is directed through the plurality of blowout holes 10 formed so as to penetrate from the jacket body 23 to the bottom of the stirring tank 2 toward the material to be dried rolling. By spraying, the material to be dried is dried while slightly rising. When the material to be dried is slightly lifted up, the material to be dried is likely to be uniformly dried.

  In one embodiment, not only the superheated steam is injected from the blowout hole 10 to the bottom portion in the stirring tank 2, but also hot air is injected from the injection hole 4 formed in at least one of the shaft and the stirring blade 3 It is configured to be able to. In the dryer 1 having this configuration, hot air is sprayed from at least one of the shaft and the stirring blade 3 to warm the material to be dried while stirring, and thereafter the bottom portion in the stirring tank 2 from the blowout hole 10 When superheated steam is injected, condensation does not occur even if it comes in contact with the object to be dried.

  In another embodiment, the superheated steam is not only injected from the blowout hole 10 to the bottom of the stirring tank 2, but also from the injection hole 4 formed in at least one of the shaft and the stirring blade 3. It is constituted so that superheated steam can be injected. In this embodiment, the superheated steam can be jetted to the entire area of the material to be dried in the stirring tank 2 for sterilization.

  In another embodiment, instead of the superheated steam, hot air can be injected from the blowout hole 10 to the bottom of the stirring tank 2. The hot air used as the drying fluid may be, for example, high pressure hot air of 0.1 MPa or more. In another embodiment, the peripheral portion of each blowout hole 10 is curved, so that the Coanda effect (effect of the fluid flowing along a convex curved surface) is generated in the drying fluid ejected from the blowout hole 10. It flows along the curved bottom inner surface in the stirring tank 2. Thereby, the material to be dried in the stirring tank 2 can be dried while floating, so the time required to complete the drying can be shortened.

  In still another embodiment, not only the hot air is injected from the blowout hole 10 to the bottom of the stirring tank 2, but also the stirring tank 2 is formed from a plurality of injection holes 4 formed in at least one of the shaft and the stirring blade 3. It is comprised so that superheated steam can be injected inside. Since the material to be dried is warmed by the hot air blown out from the blowout hole 10 at the bottom of the stirring tank 2, the superheated steam jetted from the shaft and the stirring blade 3 does not condense even if it contacts the material to be dried The air is exhausted from an exhaust port 16 at the top of the machine 1. As described above, in some embodiments of the dryer 1 of the present invention, the combined use of the superheated steam and the hot air has the effect of exhausting the superheated steam without any condensation in the stirring tank 2.

  As described above, the dryer 1 of the present invention sprays superheated steam and hot air from the blowout holes 10 formed at the bottom of the stirring chamber 2 with respect to the material to be dried rolling in the stirring tank 2. Thus, the material to be dried can be slightly floated and heat can be passed to the core of the material to be dried while killing the microorganisms and bacteria contained in the material to be dried. In particular, when superheated steam is used as a drying fluid, it also has the effect of decomposing trimethylamine and the like, which cause odor generation.

  In addition, since the drying machine 1 of the present invention uses superheated steam or hot air as the drying fluid, an inert gas or the like is not generated, so there is no need for exhaust treatment. Therefore, the dryer 1 of the present invention also has the advantage that the load on the environment is small even if it is operated for a long time.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... dryer 2 ... stirring tank 3 ... stirring blade 4 ... injection hole 5 ... spindle drive geared motor 6 ... motor fixed screw 7 ... sprocket (I)
8 ... Sprocket (II)
9 ... chain 10 ... blowout hole 11 ... organic matter (object to be dried)
12 ... exhaust port door opening and closing motor 13 ... limit switch 14 ... connecting screw 15 ... exhaust port door 16 ... exhaust port 17 ... (for drying fluid) blow port 18 ... valve 19 ... bearing 20 ... bearing set screw 21 ... cleaning water Inlet 22: (to be dried), inlet 23: jacket 24: heat insulator 25: outlet 26: thermometer for measuring the temperature in the stirring tank 27: thermometer for measuring the temperature of the jacket

In another embodiment, instead of the superheated steam, hot air can be injected from the blowout hole 10 to the bottom of the stirring tank 2. The hot air used as the drying fluid may be, for example, high pressure hot air of 0.1 MPa or more. In another embodiment, the peripheral portion of each blowout hole 10 is curved so as to have a convex curved surface, so that the drying fluid ejected from the blowout hole 10 has a Coanda effect (the fluid has a convex shape). An effect of flowing along the curved surface occurs and flows along the curved bottom inner surface in the stirring vessel 2. Thereby, the material to be dried in the stirring tank 2 can be dried while floating, so the time required to complete the drying can be shortened.

In another embodiment, instead of the superheated steam, hot air can be injected from the blowout hole 10 to the bottom of the stirring tank 2. The hot air used as the drying fluid may be, for example, high pressure hot air of 0.1 MPa or more. In another embodiment, the peripheral edge portion of each of the outlets 10 is curved, the drying fluid to be injected from the outlets 10 the Coanda effect (effect fluid flow along the convex curved surface) Occurs and flows along the curved bottom inner surface in the stirring tank 2. Thereby, the material to be dried in the stirring tank 2 can be dried while floating, so the time required to complete the drying can be shortened.

Claims (5)

In the dryer for organic matter,
An agitation tank having an inlet and an outlet for the organic substance,
A shaft extending generally horizontally into the stirring vessel and configured to be pivotable, wherein one or more stirring blades extend outward from the periphery of the shaft;
A jacket body disposed so as to surround at least the bottom of the stirring vessel and having a flow passage in fluid communication with the superheated steam generation source;
An exhaust port provided at the top of the dryer;
Equipped with
A plurality of blowout holes penetrating from the flow path of the jacket body to the inside of the stirring tank are formed so that superheated steam can be jetted to the bottom in the stirring tank, for organic matter Dryer.   An axial conduit extending in fluid communication with the hot air source extends into the shaft so that hot air can be injected into the stirring tank from at least one of the shaft and the stirring blade. The dryer for organic matter according to claim 1, wherein one or more injection holes in fluid communication with the inner conduit are formed in at least one of the shaft and the stirring blade.   An axial conduit extending in fluid communication with the superheated steam generation source is extended in the shaft so that superheated steam can be jetted from at least one of the shaft and the stirring blade into the stirring tank, The dryer for organic matter according to claim 1, wherein one or more injection holes in fluid communication with the in-shaft conduit are formed in at least one of the shaft and the stirring blade. In the dryer for organic matter,
An agitation tank having an inlet and an outlet for the organic substance,
A shaft extending generally horizontally into the stirring vessel and configured to be pivotable, wherein one or more stirring blades extend outward from the periphery of the shaft;
A jacket body disposed so as to surround at least the bottom of the stirring vessel and having a flow passage in fluid communication with the hot air source;
An exhaust port provided at the top of the dryer;
Equipped with
A plurality of blowout holes penetrating from the flow path of the jacket to the inside of the stirring tank are formed so that hot air can be jetted to the bottom in the stirring tank, the drying for organic matter Machine. An axial conduit extending in fluid communication with the superheated steam generation source is extended in the shaft so that superheated steam can be jetted from at least one of the shaft and the stirring blade into the stirring tank, 5. The dryer for organic matter according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of holes in fluid communication with the in-shaft conduit are formed in at least one of the shaft and the stirring blade.