JP2019082031A - Damper mechanism for base-isolation structure, arranging structure of damper mechanism for base-isolation structure, trigger mechanism for base-isolation structure, arranging structure of trigger mechanism for base-isolation structure, sliding bearing structure for base-isolation structure, and building - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide at low cost a damper mechanism for base-isolation structure of lower height.SOLUTION: The damper mechanism for base-isolation structure 30 is provided between a lower structure body 20 and an upper structure body 10 provided above the lower structure body 20. A displacement reduction mechanism 31 is provided for reducing displacement generated between the lower structure body 20 and the upper structure body 10. The displacement reduction mechanism 31 has a linkage and a displacement suppression part 32 which absorbs the energy due to deformation and reduces displacement.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1A

Description

  The present invention relates to a damper mechanism for a base isolation structure, an arrangement structure of a damper mechanism for a base isolation structure, a trigger mechanism for a base isolation structure, an arrangement structure of a trigger mechanism for a base isolation structure, a slide bearing mechanism for a base isolation structure, and a building.

  Conventionally, as a structure of a building prepared for an earthquake, there is, for example, a building of a base isolation structure. The seismic isolation building comprises a lower structure such as a foundation, an upper structure provided above the lower structure, and a seismic isolation means provided between the lower structure and the upper structure. There is. For example, oil dampers, lead dampers, U-shaped dampers, etc. are known as the seismic isolation means, and have a function of reducing the load applied to the upper structure.

  Here, Patent Document 1 discloses a lead damper provided with a mounting plate for a structure such as a building or the like on at least one end of a damper main body formed of a lead column or the like formed in a required shape.

  However, in the structure of the lead damper described in Patent Document 1, the dimension in the height direction is increased, and the height of the entire building is increased. In addition, a sufficient height space must be secured between the lower structure and the upper structure, which is not suitable for a relatively small scale building.

  Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a so-called U-shaped damper having a damping mechanism in which a joint portion of a U-shaped curved member made of an elastic-plastic material is fixed to an upper structure and a lower structure, respectively.

  However, since the U-shaped damper described in Patent Document 2 significantly deforms up and down beyond the initial dimensions during sliding, it is necessary to secure a sufficient height space between the lower structure and the upper structure. Not suitable for relatively small buildings.

  In addition, the oil damper is expensive, and if it is adopted, the cost of the entire building increases.

  There is also known a seismic isolation structure having a trigger mechanism capable of reducing damage to the structure by switching the vibration mode according to the magnitude of the external force.

  For example, Patent Document 3 discloses a trigger mechanism that operates when an earthquake exceeding a predetermined earthquake level occurs. According to this, by operating the trigger mechanism, the vibration isolation device can be operated to protect the vibration absorbing equipment.

  However, in the trigger mechanism described in Patent Document 3, when the load when the trigger mechanism operates exceeds a certain magnitude, the pull-out force by the overturning moment of the upper structure or the local pull-out force by the load bearing wall Tension may occur at the trigger part. Then, the trigger mechanism may operate with a load smaller than the load initially assumed.

  Further, according to Patent Document 4, the first vibration damping device and the second vibration damping device are operated together for small vibrations due to earthquakes, winds, traffic vibrations, etc. which do not exceed a predetermined horizontal displacement. For large vibrations due to earthquakes exceeding the horizontal displacement of the first, the trigger mechanism operates to release the first vibration by disconnecting the second vibration damping device from at least one of the upper and lower structures. An arrangement is disclosed in which only the damping device is activated.

  However, the trigger mechanism as described in Patent Document 4 is not suitable for a relatively small scale building because of its complicated structure and large members.

  Further, according to Patent Document 5, in a sliding bearing device including a sliding plate and a main body (sliding body) disposed slidably with respect to the sliding plate, a thin steel plate is formed into a concave shape and filled with grout material. Discloses a technique for forming a slide plate of a seismic isolation device.

  However, the sliding bearing device described in Patent Document 5 includes an upper weir and a lower weir filled with grout material in both the upper and lower structures, and the sliding body is sandwiched between them, so the number of parts is large. , The height of the seismic isolation system will also be high. For this reason, it is not suitable for relatively small buildings.

  In addition, Patent Document 6 discloses a seismic isolation apparatus having a restoration member including a trigger mechanism and a rubber laminate, which is installed in a structure such as a house.

  However, in the conventional seismic isolation apparatus provided with these trigger mechanism and restoration member, there is a problem that the apparatus is large and the entire building becomes large, and the apparatus becomes expensive. These buildings are not suitable for small areas with dense housing.

Patent No. 4846142 gazette Patent No. 3543004 gazette Patent No. 4470336 Patent No. 4029685 Patent No. 4048878 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-100929

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost, low-height damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure, and its arrangement structure. Furthermore, even if the trigger mechanism ascends due to the overturning moment or the like of the upper structure, the present invention can exhibit the expected performance, and the trigger mechanism for the base isolation structure having a low height, and the arrangement structure thereof. Intended to be provided. Another object of the present invention is to provide a slide bearing mechanism for a base isolation structure which can be manufactured inexpensively and has a low height. Furthermore, this invention aims at providing the building of the seismic isolation structure which can reduce the damage to a superstructure inexpensively, without being accompanied by the enlargement as the whole building.

The present invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned subject, and the damper mechanism for seismic isolation structures of the present invention is
Provided between the lower structure and the upper structure provided above the lower structure,
A displacement reduction mechanism for reducing displacement generated between the lower structure and the upper structure;
The displacement reducing mechanism has a link mechanism and is characterized by having a displacement suppressing portion which absorbs energy by deformation to reduce the displacement.

In addition, in the damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure of the present invention,
The displacement reduction mechanism
With several cross members,
A plurality of longitudinal members, both ends of which are rotatably connected to the adjacent horizontal members;
And the displacement suppressing portion connecting the adjacent longitudinal members,
Of the plurality of cross members, an end of one cross member is directly or indirectly connected to the lower structure, and an end of the other cross members is directly or indirectly connected to the upper structure Is preferred.

  Further, in the damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure of the present invention, when the displacement reduction mechanism reaches the maximum deformation, the adjacent longitudinal members contact each other to suppress the deformation exceeding the maximum deformation. Is preferred.

  Further, in the damper mechanism for base isolation structure of the present invention, the displacement suppressing portion preferably includes at least one of a low yield point steel and an extremely low yield point steel.

  Further, in the arrangement structure of the damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure of the present invention, when the distance between the fulcrums of one of the damper mechanisms for seismic isolation structure is expanded, the distance between the fulcrums of the other damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure Is characterized in that at least two of the damper mechanisms for seismic isolation are arranged symmetrically so as to shrink.

Further, the trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure of the present invention is provided between the lower structure and the upper structure provided above the lower structure.
A connecting member connecting the lower structure and the upper structure;
The connection between the lower structure or the upper structure and the connecting member is released when a displacement of a predetermined amount or more is applied between the lower structure and the upper structure;
It is characterized in that the rigidity in the horizontal direction of the connection member is larger than the rigidity in the vertical direction of the connection member.

  Moreover, in the trigger mechanism for base isolation structure of this invention, it is preferable that the said connection member is a plate-shaped member arrange | positioned so that it may become substantially parallel with a horizontal surface.

  Further, in the trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure of the present invention, it is preferable that the connecting member is configured so that the rigidity in the horizontal direction is 1000 times or more the rigidity in the vertical direction.

  Further, in the trigger mechanism for base isolation structure of the present invention, the connecting member is connected to the lower structure and the upper structure in a state of being elastically deformed so as to be inclined with respect to a horizontal surface. Is preferred.

  Further, in the trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure of the present invention, the horizontal compressive strength of the connection member is a force when the connection between the lower structure or the upper structure and the connection member is released. Larger than is preferable.

  Moreover, in the trigger mechanism for base isolation structure of the present invention, it has a connecting material for connecting the lower structure or the upper structure and the connecting member, and the connecting material is cut at a predetermined displacement. It is preferable that it is comprised.

  In the arrangement structure of the trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure according to the present invention, the trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure is provided at the outer peripheral edge of the lower structure and the upper structure.

Moreover, the sliding bearing mechanism for base isolation structure of the present invention is
Provided between the lower structure and the upper structure provided above the lower structure,
A sliding bearing fixed to the lower structure or the upper structure;
The upper structure is configured to slide on the lower structure via the sliding bearing;
The sliding bearing is
Flat part,
And a recess connected to the flat plate portion;
A filler made of a curable fluid is provided in a space formed by the recess and the lower structure or the upper structure.

Further, in the sliding support mechanism for seismic isolation structure of the present invention, the packing preferably has a compressive strength of 40 N / mm ² or more.

  Further, in the slide support mechanism for base isolation structure of the present invention, it is preferable that the recess of the slide support has a side surface portion and a bottom surface portion.

Further, according to the building of the present invention, there is provided an arrangement structure of any one of the above-described damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure and / or the above-mentioned damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure,
Arrangement structure of any of the above-mentioned trigger mechanism for base isolation structures and / or the trigger mechanism for base isolation structures above,
And a sliding support mechanism for a base isolation structure according to any of the above.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a low cost, low height damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure, and an arrangement structure thereof. Further, according to the present invention, even if the trigger mechanism is lifted due to the overturning moment of the upper structure, etc., the expected performance can be exhibited, and the trigger mechanism for the base isolation structure with a low height, and the arrangement thereof The structure can be provided. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a sliding bearing mechanism for a base isolation structure which can be manufactured inexpensively and has a low height. Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a building having a base isolation structure capable of reducing damage to the upper structure inexpensively without increasing the size of the entire building.

It is a side view showing a building as one embodiment of the present invention. In the building of Drawing 1A, it is a side view showing the state where the upper structure moved horizontally. It is a top view which shows an example of the damper mechanism of this invention. It is a side view of the damper mechanism of FIG. It is a top view which shows the displacement of the tension direction of the damper mechanism of FIG. It is a top view which shows the displacement of the compression direction of the damper mechanism of FIG. It is a top view which shows the modification of a damper mechanism. It is a top view which shows the other modification of a damper mechanism. It is a top view which shows an example in the case of providing a some damper mechanism in a building. It is a top view which shows an example of displacement of a damper mechanism when displacement of a horizontal direction arises in a building. It is another embodiment in the case of providing a plurality of damper mechanisms. It is a side view showing an example of the trigger mechanism of the present invention. It is a top view of the trigger mechanism of FIG. It is a side view showing an example of a sliding bearing mechanism of the present invention. It is a top view of the sliding bearing mechanism of FIG.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The building structure of the present invention comprises a damper mechanism 30 (damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure), a trigger mechanism 40 (trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure), and a sliding bearing mechanism between the upper structure 10 and the lower structure 20. At least one of the 50 (slip support mechanism for seismic isolation structure) is provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the building 1 is, for example, a two-story or three-story house. The building 1 includes an upper structure 10 and a foundation 20 as a lower structure. The foundation 20 is installed on the ground G and supports the upper structure 10 and the like.

  The building 1 can be, for example, an industrialized house having a steel frame, a wooden house, or the like. In addition, as an industrialized house, for example, it has a base assembly 20 of a reinforced concrete structure, a shaft assembly structure composed of shaft assembly members such as columns and beams, and is constituted by an upper structural body 10 provided above the base 20. Be done. The shaft assembly members constituting the shaft assembly can be standardized (standardized) in advance. In that case, the shaft assembly members are manufactured in advance in a factory and then carried into a construction site and assembled.

  The upper structural body 10 is provided above the base 20, and has an indoor space such as a living room inside. The upper structure 10 is designed and constructed based on predetermined design criteria. Here, the predetermined design standard may be various laws or regulations including a standard concerning the strength to be satisfied of a building, such as a building standard law in Japan or a law on a building in a foreign country. As the upper structure 10, various structures can be adopted as long as the structure satisfies the standard relating to the strength indicated in the design standard and can realize an earthquake resistant structure (damping structure).

  In the building 1 of this example, a damper mechanism 30, a trigger mechanism 40, and a sliding bearing mechanism 50 are provided between the upper structure 10 and the foundation 20. In plan view, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, the damper mechanism 30, the trigger mechanism 40, and the sliding bearing mechanism 50 are disposed.

  The basic operation of each part when a horizontal load is applied to the upper structure 10 will be described below. Since the upper structure 10 and the base 20 are connected by the trigger mechanism 40 until the horizontal load applied to the upper structure 10 exceeds the breaking strength of the trigger mechanism 40 (the strength at which the connection state is released and not connected) The trigger mechanism 40 applies resistance to horizontal load (seismic force) due to earthquakes. That is, with the configuration of the upper structure 10 designed based on the design criteria, the upper structure 10 exhibits restorability as a seismic structure (vibration control structure). Thus, the building 1 suppresses damage as a seismic structure (damping structure) until an earthquake (an extremely rare earthquake) defined by a design standard.

  On the other hand, when a horizontal load exceeding the resistance (breaking strength) of the trigger mechanism 40 is applied to the upper structure 10 due to an earthquake or the like, as shown in FIG. 1B, the trigger mechanism 40 is broken to release the connection state. In this case, the upper structure 10 is horizontally moved (sliding) by the sliding bearing mechanism 50 while the movement is limited by the damper mechanism 30 and the sliding bearing mechanism 50. That is, the upper structure 10 exhibits repairability as a seismic isolation state. As described above, when an earthquake (very large earthquake) exceeding the earthquake defined by the design standard occurs, the building 1 is considered as a seismic isolation state to suppress the damage.

  The damper mechanism 30 will be described below. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an example of the damper mechanism 30, and FIG. 3 is a side view.

  FIG. 2 shows an initial state before the damper mechanism 30 is deformed. The damper mechanism 30 of this example includes a displacement reduction mechanism 31 that constitutes a link mechanism.

  The displacement reduction mechanism 31 has a displacement suppressing portion 32 that absorbs energy by deformation to reduce displacement. The displacement suppressing portion 32 may be, for example, a low yield point steel having a yield point lower than that of the longitudinal members 35, 36 or the cross members 33, 34, an extremely low yield point steel, or a low yield point steel and an extremely low yield point steel. Although it can be a combination or a composite, it is not limited to this.

  In the present embodiment, the displacement reduction mechanism 31 constitutes a link mechanism capable of reducing the displacement of relative horizontal displacement between the base 20 and the upper structure 10 and outputting the displacement to the displacement suppressing portion 32. The displacement reduction mechanism 31 may be any mechanism capable of reducing the displacement generated between the upper structure 10 and the foundation 20, and may be, for example, a pulley mechanism or a lever mechanism.

  The displacement reduction mechanism 31 includes a plurality of cross members 33, 34 disposed substantially in parallel. The displacement reduction mechanism 31 also includes a plurality of longitudinal members 35, 36, both ends of which are rotatably connected to the pair of adjacent cross members 33, 34, respectively. In this example, the cross members 33 and 34 are long members having the same shape, and the other cross member 34 is disposed parallel to the direction in which the other cross member 34 is rotated 180 ° with respect to one cross member 33. The cross members 33 and 34 and the vertical members 35 and 36 may be formed of steel such as iron, but not limited thereto. For example, they may be formed of stainless steel, engineering plastic, ceramic or the like. The displacement reduction mechanism 31 may be configured to have three or more cross members. For example, in the case of having three substantially parallel cross members, the central cross member and the cross member positioned on one side of the central cross member are connected by the longitudinal members, and the central cross member and the other side are positioned It can be set as the structure which connects with the cross member to be

  In the present embodiment, an end 33 a of one cross member 33 among the plurality of cross members 33 and 34 is connected to the foundation 20. In addition, the end 34 a of the other cross member 34 is indirectly connected to the upper structure 10. The end 33a of the cross member 33 may be connected to the base 20 indirectly via the connection member 37 as in this example, or may be connected directly to the base 20. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the steel frame foundation 11 can be provided below the upper structure body 10, and in this example, the end 34 a of the cross member 34 is connected to the steel frame foundation 11 via the connection member 38. It is done. The end 34 a of the cross member 34 may be indirectly connected to the upper structure 10 as in this example, or may be connected directly to the upper structure 10. The steel frame foundation 11 can be made of, for example, H-shaped steel.

  The longitudinal members 35, 36 are pivotally supported by fastening members such as bolts fixed to the cross members 33, 34, respectively. The pair of longitudinal members 35 and 36 are configured by members having the same shape, and one longitudinal member 35 and the other longitudinal member 36 are disposed in parallel in the opposing direction. Further, in the present embodiment, four pairs (4 pairs) of vertical members 35, 36 are arranged at equal intervals between the pair of horizontal members 33, 34. The displacement suppressing part 32 which connects one longitudinal member 35 and the other longitudinal member 36 is being fixed to the adjacent longitudinal members 35 and 36. As shown in FIG. In this example, six displacement control portions 32 in total, that is, a total of 12 displacement suppression portions 32 are arranged at equal intervals on the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the pair of vertical members 35, 36. May be changed as appropriate, and may be only on the upper surface side or only on the lower surface side. The displacement suppressing portion 32 is fixed to the longitudinal members 35, 36 by a fastening member such as a bolt or welding. The displacement suppressing portion 32 and the pair of vertical members 35 and 36 may be configured as one member integrally formed. The size and quantity of the displacement suppressing portion 32 can be determined from the displacement of the upper structure 10 assumed. The displacement reduction mechanism 31 may be configured to have three or more longitudinal members. For example, when there are three substantially parallel longitudinal members, the central longitudinal member and the longitudinal member positioned on one side of the central longitudinal member are connected by the displacement suppressing portion, and the central longitudinal member and the other side are connected It can be set as the structure which connects with the vertical member located by a displacement suppression part.

  In the present example, a gap 39 is formed between the pair of vertical members 35 and 36 adjacent to each other. The gap 39 is set such that when the displacement reduction mechanism 31 reaches the maximum deformation allowed, the pair of vertical members 35, 36 are in contact with each other, thereby suppressing the deformation exceeding the maximum deformation. Can. That is, the damper mechanism 30 can also function as a stopper that restricts the moving range of the upper structure 10 with respect to the base 20. If the distance of the gap 39 is too large, the displacement suppressing portion 32 may enter the gap 39 when it is deformed in the out-of-plane direction, so the distance of the gap 39 is a distance that the displacement suppressing portion 32 does not enter. Is desirable. Here, the configuration that suppresses deformation exceeding the maximum deformation of the displacement reduction mechanism 31 is not limited to the configuration in which the gap 39 as described above is provided. For example, after arranging the adjacent vertical members 35 and 36 at different heights in the vertical direction, a projection is provided on one of the vertical members, and when the displacement reduction mechanism 31 reaches the maximum deformation, the projection It can be set as the structure which stops the longitudinal material in contact with the other longitudinal material. Even with such a configuration, it is possible to suppress the deformation of the displacement reduction mechanism 31 exceeding the maximum deformation.

  FIGS. 4 and 5 show how the damper mechanism 30 is deformed when displacement occurs between the base 20 and the upper structure 10. 4 and 5 show cases in which the directions of displacement of the upper structure 10 with respect to the base 20 are different from each other.

  In FIG. 4, when the displacement reduction mechanism 31 is deformed so that the distance between the end 33 a of one cross member 33 and the end 34 a of the other cross member 34 is enlarged, that is, the displacement reduction mechanism 31 is deformed in the tension direction Shows the maximum deformation state. On the other hand, FIG. 5 shows the maximum deformation state when the displacement reduction mechanism 31 is deformed in the compression direction.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when the upper structural body 10 is displaced by the length L1 in the horizontal direction with respect to the foundation 20, displacement corresponding to the length L2 occurs in each displacement suppressing portion 32. That is, the displacement L1 generated between the foundation 20 and the upper structure 10 is reduced to the displacement L2 by the link mechanism of the displacement reduction mechanism 31 and transmitted to each displacement suppression portion 32. Specifically, for example, when the displacement L1 is about 350 mm, the displacement L2 may be about 34 mm, that is, the magnitude of the displacement may be reduced to about 1/10.

  Thus, when displacement occurs between the foundation 20 and the upper structural body 10, shear energy acts on each displacement suppressing portion 32, which causes shear deformation. Thus, the energy is absorbed by the deformation of each displacement suppressing portion 32, and the moving speed of the upper structure 10 is limited.

  Further, the moving range of the end 34 a connected to the upper structure 10 with respect to the end 33 a connected to the base 20 is limited within a predetermined range, so the moving range of the upper structure 10 with respect to the base 20 is limited. It will be done.

  Thus, according to the damper mechanism 30, the moving speed and moving range of the upper structure 10 with respect to the base 20 can be limited.

  Further, in the damper mechanism 30 according to the present embodiment, the displacement of the displacement generated between the foundation 20 and the upper structure 10 is reduced by the displacement reduction mechanism 31 and transmitted to the displacement suppressing portion 32, whereby the foundation is obtained. The size of the displacement suppressing portion 32 can be set smaller than the length of the displacement that may occur between the upper structure 20 and the lower structure 20. As a result, it is possible to realize the inexpensive and low-profile damper mechanism 30.

  Further, in the damper mechanism 30 of the present embodiment, a relatively small displacement is suppressed by combining the displacement reduction mechanism 31 which is a link mechanism and the displacement suppressing portion 32 which is a low yield point steel (or an extremely low yield steel). The amount of shear deformation of the portion 32 can correspond to the displacement of the large upper structure 10.

  6 and 7 show a modification of the damper mechanism 30. FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, three pairs (ie, three pairs) of longitudinal members 35, 36 may be provided for the pair of cross members 33, 34. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. For example, the number of displacement suppressing portions 32 may be increased or decreased, for example, by providing two pairs of the four pairs of longitudinal members 35, 36 without the displacement suppressing portion 32.

  Here, in the case where the plurality of damper mechanisms 30 are provided in the building 1, when the distance between the fulcrums of one of the damper mechanisms 30 is expanded, the distance between the fulcrums of the other damper mechanism 30 is reduced. It is preferable to arrange two damper mechanisms symmetrically. The fulcrum of the damper mechanism 30 is a point connected to the upper structure 10 and the lower structure (the foundation 20) in the damper mechanism 30, and is connected to the foundation 20 in the displacement reduction mechanism 31 in this example. The end 33 a of the cross member 33 and the end 34 a of the other cross member 34 connected to the upper structure 10. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the two damper mechanisms 301 and 302 are arranged point-symmetrically around the center point of the building 1 in plan view.

  As shown in FIG. 8, by arranging the damper mechanisms 303 and 304, it is possible to cope with the load orthogonal to the damper mechanisms 301 and 302. As shown in FIG. 8, the two damper mechanisms 303 and 304 are also arranged point-symmetrically. When the upper structure moves horizontally in the direction indicated by the broken line arrow in FIG. 9, a tensile force acts on one of the damper mechanisms 304 to extend the distance between the fulcrums, and a compressive force acts on the other damper mechanism 303 to fulcrums. The distance between them is reduced. This makes it possible to offset the positive and negative asymmetry of the load deformation relationship due to the geometric non-linearity of the link mechanism of the damper mechanism 304, 303, and as a result, the design of the seismic isolation layer can be facilitated. When a compressive force acts on one of the damper mechanisms 304 to reduce the distance between the fulcrums, a tensile force acts on the other damper mechanism 303 to increase the distance between the fulcrums. As for the damper mechanisms 301 and 302, when a tensile force acts on one of the damper mechanisms 301 and the distance between the fulcrums increases, a compressive force acts on the other damper mechanism 302 so that the distance between the fulcrums decreases. It is done. When a compressive force acts on one of the damper mechanisms 301 to reduce the distance between the fulcrums, a tensile force acts on the other damper mechanism 302 to increase the distance between the fulcrums. As a result, the isolation effect can be eliminated only in a specific direction, and the isolation effect can be exhibited in all directions in the horizontal plane.

  Here, in the example shown in FIG. 8, when the upper structural body 10 (the steel frame foundation 11) is displaced in the X direction (right side in FIG. 8) indicated by the arrow in FIG. The damper mechanism 303 reduces the distance between the fulcrums. Similarly, the damper mechanism 304 increases the distance between the fulcrums, and the damper mechanism 302 decreases the distance between the fulcrums. The damper mechanism 301 and the damper mechanism 303 are arranged in line symmetry with respect to a straight line parallel to the Y direction in FIG. 8, and the damper mechanism 304 and the damper mechanism 302 are arranged in line symmetry with respect to the straight line. ing.

  In the example shown in FIG. 8, when the upper structural body 10 (the steel frame foundation 11) is displaced in the Y direction (the lower side in FIG. 8) indicated by the arrow in FIG. In 301, the distance between supporting points is reduced. Similarly, in the damper mechanism 302, the distance between the fulcrums increases, and in the damper mechanism 303, the distance between the fulcrums decreases. The damper mechanism 304 and the damper mechanism 301 are arranged in line symmetry with respect to a straight line parallel to the X direction in FIG. 8, and the damper mechanism 302 and the damper mechanism 303 are arranged in line symmetry with respect to the straight line. ing.

  When a plurality of damper mechanisms 30 are provided in the building 1, as shown in FIG. 8, the end 33 a connected to the lower structure 20 is located on the center side of the building 1 and connected to the upper structure 10. It is preferable that the end 34a be located on the outer peripheral side. It is possible to cope with displacement in any direction in the horizontal plane while preventing interference of the plurality of damper mechanisms 30.

  FIG. 10 shows another example in the case where a plurality of damper mechanisms 30 are provided in the building 1 here. In the example shown in FIG. 10, both the end 33 a connected to the foundation 20 and the end 34 a connected to the upper structure 10 are arranged at a position away from the center of the building 1. By arranging the plurality of damper mechanisms 30 (301, 302, 303, 304) at such positions, the torsional rigidity of the seismic isolation layer can be enhanced. This makes it possible to suppress the rotation of the upper structure when acting as a seismic isolation structure. Although four damper mechanisms 30 are used in the example of FIG. 10, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of damper mechanisms 30 can be changed as appropriate.

  The trigger mechanism 40 will be described below.

  FIG. 11 is a side view showing a part of the building 1 provided with the trigger mechanism 40, and FIG. 12 shows a plan view. The trigger mechanism 40 includes a connecting member 41 that connects the base 20 as the lower structure and the upper structure 10.

  The connecting member 41 is connected to the base 20 at a first connecting portion 41a, and connected to the upper structure 10 (in the illustrated example, a steel frame base 11) at a second connecting portion 41b. The connection member 41 is configured such that the connection of the first connection portion 41 a is released and becomes unconnected when a horizontal displacement of a predetermined amount or more is applied between the base 20 and the upper structure 10. . The connection member 41 is configured such that the connection of the second connection portion 41b is released and becomes non-connection when a horizontal displacement equal to or more than a predetermined amount is applied between the base 20 and the upper structure 10. You may The connecting member 41 may be made of metal or resin such as engineering plastic.

  The connecting member 41 is configured such that the rigidity in the horizontal direction of the connecting member 41 is greater than the rigidity in the vertical direction.

  In the present example, the connecting member 41 is formed of a plate-like member disposed substantially parallel to the horizontal surface. Further, the connecting member 41 of this example is L-shaped in a plan view, and the L-shaped corner portion is the first connecting portion 41 a connected to the foundation 20, and the tip of the two places The portion is a second connection portion 41 b connected to the upper structure 10.

  The trigger connection member 43 and the trigger attachment member 44 for attaching the connection member 41 to the foundation 20 are provided in the first connection portion 41 a of this example. The trigger base mounting member 43 is made of, for example, a steel plate, and a hole (bolt hole) for the trigger pin to which the trigger pin 42 as a connecting member is connected is provided at a projecting portion provided protruding from the steel plate. The trigger attachment member 44 is formed of, for example, a steel plate. The trigger base attachment member 43 is provided in the second connection portion 41 b. In addition, the structure of the 1st connection part 41a and the 2nd connection part 41b is not limited to the example of illustration.

  The connection member 41 is not limited to a plate-like member, and may be, for example, a rod shape such as a cylinder or a prism. Moreover, although the connection member 41 of this example is L-shaped by planar view, it is not restricted to this, For example, it is good also as rectangular shape and triangle shape.

  The connecting member 41 is connected to the base 20 and the upper structure 10 in a state of being elastically deformed so as to be inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. More specifically, the second connecting portion 41b on the upper structure 10 side is slightly inclined downward toward the first connecting portion 41a on the base 20 side. For example, the second connecting portion 41b and the first connecting portion 41a may be inclined downward so that the heights of the second connecting portion 41b and the first connecting portion 41a differ by about 1 mm to 20 mm. If it is made too inclined, it may be difficult to obtain the effect of the horizontal rigidity of the connecting member 41. With such a configuration, when the connecting member 41 is not connected to the base 20 or the upper structure 10, the connecting member 41 which has been elastically deformed is in a horizontal state parallel to the horizontal plane by the restoring force, On the other hand, when the upper structure 10 is displaced, the connection member 41 is less likely to interfere with the foundation 20 or the upper structure 10. As a result, it is possible to prevent damage to the foundation 20 or the upper structure 10 due to the contact of the non-connected connection member 41.

  Further, in this example, the compressive strength in the horizontal direction of the connecting member 41 is larger than the force (breaking resistance) when the connection between the base 20 or the upper structural body 10 and the connecting member 41 is released. With such a configuration, the connection is released in a state in which the plate-like connecting member 41 remains in its original shape, resulting in disconnection. That is, since the connecting member 41 does not buckle, the trigger pin can be reliably broken while keeping the rigidity in the vertical direction low.

  The connecting member 41 is connected to the base 20 at the first connecting portion 41 a by the trigger pin 42 (connecting material) via the trigger base mounting member 43 and the trigger mounting member 44. Further, the connecting member 41 is connected to the steel frame base 11 of the upper structural body 10 by the bolt 45 via the trigger base mounting member 43 in the second connecting portion 41 b. The trigger pin 42 is a bolt configured to cut at a predetermined displacement. For example, a connecting member that cuts at a predetermined displacement may be a medium bolt or a high strength bolt (F10T) of the strength section 10.9. As described above, by using a bolt having a high yield ratio and which is fragile and easily broken, the bolt can be cut at an intended displacement when a predetermined displacement occurs. That is, the accuracy of the trigger mechanism 40 can be enhanced. In addition, if the trigger pin 42 has a predetermined | prescribed proof strength and is a bolt with few expansions, bolts other than the above-mentioned can also be used. In addition, members other than bolts can be used as long as they have a predetermined strength and little elongation. Moreover, when the trigger mechanism 40 is provided with two or more, when one trigger pin 42 fractures | ruptures, it is preferable to set it as the structure which is easy to fracture | rupture the other trigger pin 42 continuously. If the plurality of trigger pins 42 are continuously broken and fixed in one place, the damper mechanism 30 or the sliding bearing mechanism 50 may not sufficiently exhibit the intended effect.

  In the trigger mechanism 40 of the present embodiment, the rigidity in the horizontal direction of the connection member 41 is configured to be greater than the rigidity in the vertical direction, so that the trigger mechanism is caused by the overturning moment of the upper structure 10 or the like. Even if lifting occurs at 40, the tensile energy generated in the trigger pin 42 can be kept sufficiently negligible in engineering. The connecting member 41 deforms following the rising in the vertical direction. From the same point of view, although depending on the cross-sectional area of the plate-like members constituting the connecting member 41 and the length in the horizontal direction, for example, the rigidity in the horizontal direction of the connecting member 41 is 1000 times or more the rigidity in the vertical direction Is preferred.

  Further, in the trigger mechanism 40 of the present embodiment, by using the connection member 41 as a plate-like member, manufacturing can be performed at low cost, so cost can be reduced. Further, the height of the trigger mechanism 40 as a whole can be reduced (it is made to be low) by providing the connecting member 41 as a plate-like member and providing it substantially parallel to a horizontal surface (sliding bearing sliding surface described later). it can. In addition, since the plate-like member as the connecting member 41 has low bending rigidity in the out-of-plane direction and high rigidity in the in-plane direction, it becomes easy to configure the rigidity in the horizontal direction to be greater than the rigidity in the vertical direction.

  The trigger mechanism 40 is preferably provided on the outer peripheral edge of the base 20 and the upper structure 10, and thereby, the repair operation of the trigger mechanism 40 can be easily performed from the outside of the building 1. From the same point of view, it is preferable that the outer periphery of the upper surface of the foundation 20 and the outer periphery of the bottom of the upper structure 10 have the same shape, and that the trigger mechanism 40 be installed along the outer periphery. Is preferred.

  The sliding bearing mechanism 50 will be described below. The sliding bearing mechanism 50 transmits the weight of the upper structure 10 to the foundation 20 while allowing the horizontal movement of the upper structure 10 on the foundation 20.

  FIG. 13 is a side view showing a part of the building 1 provided with the sliding bearing mechanism 50, and FIG. 14 shows a plan view. The sliding bearing mechanism 50 includes a sliding bearing 51 fixed to the base 20 as the lower structure or the upper structure 10 (the steel base 11). The upper structure 10 is configured to slide on the foundation 20 via a slide bearing 51. As shown in FIG. 12, the sliding bearing 51 may be fixed to a reinforcing beam 59 fixed to the steel frame foundation 11. As shown in FIG. 13, the slide bearing 51 in this example is fixed to the upper structure 10 with a bolt, but may be reversed upside down and fixed to the foundation 20.

  The slide bearing 51 has a flat plate portion 52 and a concave portion 53 connected to the flat plate portion 52. The recess 53 is constituted by a bottomed cylindrical portion having an opening on the side of the upper structure 10 to which the slide bearing 51 is fixed, and has a side surface 54 and a bottom surface 55. In other words, the recess 53 has a shape protruding from the upper structure 10 side toward the base 20. The slide bearing 51 is bolted to the steel frame foundation 11 via a slide bearing mounting member 58. The slide bearing mounting member 58 may be formed of, for example, a steel plate, but is not limited thereto. Further, the sliding support mounting member 58 is provided with an opening (a through hole) for inserting the filling body 56 into the recess 53 (the space S).

  In a space S formed by the recess 53 and the upper structure 10, a filler 56 made of a curable fluid is provided. The slide bearing 51 is configured such that the lower surface 55 a of the bottom surface 55 that constitutes the recess 53 slides on the sliding surface 57 a of the cradle 57 provided on the foundation 20. In addition, the size of the bottom surface portion 55 can be appropriately changed by load calculation. Further, a bolt for fixing the slide bearing 51 to the slide bearing mounting member 58 is configured not to be in contact with the sliding surface 57a.

  The flat plate portion 52 and the recess 53 of the slide bearing 51 are preferably made of steel plates having a thickness of 1 mm or more. For example, if the steel plate is less than 1 mm, there is a risk that the bearing pressure of the bolt can not be sustained, but a filler 56 made of a hardenable fluid is provided in the space S formed by the recess 53 and the upper structure 10 In this case, if the steel plate is 1 mm or more, for example, the upper structural body 10 can be temporarily lifted in the vertical direction, and can have sufficient resistance to an impact load when landing. Moreover, since processing will become difficult if a steel plate is too thick, it is preferable that it is 5 mm or less. By setting the steel plate to 5 mm or less in this way, it becomes possible to inexpensively manufacture only by press processing.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the steel plate which comprises the slide bearing 51 is a galvanized steel plate, stainless steel, or aluminum. As described above, for example, by galvanizing the steel plate, the antirust effect is enhanced and the durability is improved. In addition, the coefficient of friction between the sliding bearing 51 and the sliding surface 57a of the base 20 can be reduced by plating to obtain an appropriate value. More specifically, the steel plate is preferably a hot-dip zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy plated steel plate.

  Further, it is preferable that the surface (the lower surface 55a of the bottom surface portion 55) slidably in contact with the sliding surface 57a of the base 20 in the concave portion 53 of the slide bearing 51 is chromate-free chemical conversion treatment. By performing chromate-free conversion on the lower surface 55a, the friction of the sliding surface 57a of the base 20 can be reduced.

  Similarly, the sliding surface 57a of the base 20 is preferably made of a chromate-free chemical conversion treated steel plate, whereby the friction with the lower surface 55a of the bottom portion 55 of the sliding support 51 can be reduced. Here, the coefficient of friction between the sliding bearing 51 and the sliding surface 57a can be, for example, 0.05 or more and 0.4 or less. In this case, even in the case where a large horizontal load such that the trigger is broken is applied to the upper structure 10, the sliding displacement of the upper structure 10 shifted to the seismic isolation state can be suppressed.

  Recess 53 is a bottomed cylindrical shape having side surface portion 54 and bottom surface portion 55, and by closing the opening of recess 53 with the bottom surface on the upper structure 10 side, it is possible to constrain from all directions vertically and horizontally. Thus, high compression resistance can be realized with higher accuracy.

  In the sliding bearing mechanism 50 of the present embodiment, high compressive strength is realized by restraint around the filling body 56 provided in the recess 53 of the sliding bearing 51. As a result, for example, the upper structural body 10 can be temporarily lifted in the vertical direction, and can have sufficient resistance to an impact load at the time of landing.

The filler 56 preferably has a compressive strength of 40 N / mm ² or more from the viewpoint of achieving both a high compression resistance and a low cost by the slide bearing 51. For example, mortar, grout, etc. More preferably, it consists of a filler.

  The trigger mechanism 40 is preferably installed at a place where the deflection (deformation) of the lower structure 20 is small, for example, near the sliding bearing mechanism 50. When the trigger mechanism 40 is installed in a place where the deflection is small and the level is maintained, the connecting member 41 which becomes horizontal with respect to the lower structure 20 after the trigger pin 42 is broken is the upper structure 10 or the lower structure It is possible to prevent the collision with the wheel 20, and the effects of the sliding bearing mechanism 50 and the damper mechanism 30 can be easily exhibited. Damper mechanism

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide the building 1 of the seismic isolation structure capable of reducing damage to the upper structure inexpensively without increasing the size of the entire building.

  The building which concerns on this invention is not limited to the structure of embodiment mentioned above, It is possible to implement | achieve with various structures in the range which does not deviate from the content described in the claim. For example, the trigger mechanism 40 and the slide bearing mechanism 50 may not be provided in the building 1, and only the damper mechanism 30 may be provided, or only the damper mechanism 30 and the trigger mechanism 40 may be provided. In addition to or in place of the damper mechanism 30, another damper or the like may be provided.

1: Building 10: Upper structure 11: Steel foundation 20: Foundation (lower structure)
30: Damper mechanism (Damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure)
31: displacement reduction mechanism 32: displacement suppressing portion 33, 34: cross member 33a: end of one cross member 34a: end of the other cross member 35, 36: longitudinal member 37, 38: connection member 39: gap 40 : Trigger mechanism (Trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure)
41: Coupling member 41a: First coupling portion 41b: Second coupling portion 42: Trigger pin (coupling member)
43: trigger base mounting member 44: trigger mounting member 45: bolt 50: sliding bearing mechanism (slip bearing mechanism for seismic isolation)
51: Sliding bearing 52: Flat plate 53: Recess 54: Side surface 55: Bottom 55a: Lower surface 56: Filler 57: Receiver 57a: Sliding surface 58: Sliding bearing mounting member G: Ground L1: Lower structure and upper part Displacement between structures (length)
L2: Displacement of displacement suppression portion S: Space

Claims (16)

Provided between the lower structure and the upper structure provided above the lower structure,
A displacement reduction mechanism for reducing displacement generated between the lower structure and the upper structure;
The damper mechanism for a base isolation structure according to claim 1, wherein the displacement reduction mechanism includes a link mechanism and a displacement suppression portion that absorbs energy by deformation to reduce displacement. The displacement reduction mechanism
With several cross members,
A plurality of longitudinal members, both ends of which are rotatably connected to the adjacent horizontal members;
And the displacement suppressing portion connecting the adjacent longitudinal members,
Of the plurality of cross members, an end of one cross member is directly or indirectly connected to the lower structure, and an end of the other cross members is directly or indirectly connected to the upper structure The damper mechanism for seismic isolation structure according to claim 1.   The damper mechanism according to claim 2, wherein when the displacement reduction mechanism reaches the maximum deformation, the adjacent longitudinal members contact each other to suppress the deformation exceeding the maximum deformation.   The damper mechanism for a base isolation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the displacement suppressing portion includes at least one of a low yield point steel and an extremely low yield point steel.   When the distance between the supporting points of one of the damper mechanisms for the base isolation structure is increased, the distance between the supporting points of the other damper mechanism for the base isolation structure is reduced, so that at least two of the damper mechanisms for the base isolation structure The arrangement | positioning structure of the damper mechanism for seismic isolation structures as described in any one of Claims 1-4 arrange | positioned symmetrically. Provided between the lower structure and the upper structure provided above the lower structure,
A connecting member connecting the lower structure and the upper structure;
The connection between the lower structure or the upper structure and the connecting member is released when a displacement of a predetermined amount or more is applied between the lower structure and the upper structure;
The trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure, wherein the rigidity in the horizontal direction of the connection member is larger than the rigidity in the vertical direction of the connection member.   The seismic isolation structure trigger mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the connecting member is a plate-like member disposed substantially parallel to a horizontal surface.   The seismic isolation structure trigger mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the connection member is configured such that the rigidity in the horizontal direction is equal to or greater than 1000 times the rigidity in the vertical direction.   The seismic isolation structure trigger mechanism according to claim 8, wherein the connection member is connected to the lower structure and the upper structure in a state of being elastically deformed so as to be inclined with respect to a horizontal surface.   The compression resistance in the horizontal direction of the connection member is greater than a force at the time of disconnection between the lower structure or the upper structure and the connection member. Trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure.   The connector according to any one of claims 6 to 10, further comprising: a connecting member for connecting the lower structure or the upper structure and the connecting member, wherein the connecting member is configured to cut at a predetermined displacement. Trigger mechanism for seismic isolation structure described in.   The arrangement structure of the trigger mechanism for a base isolation structure according to any one of claims 6 to 11, wherein the trigger mechanism for a base isolation structure is provided on the outer peripheral edge of the lower structure and the upper structure. Provided between the lower structure and the upper structure provided above the lower structure,
A sliding bearing fixed to the lower structure or the upper structure;
The upper structure is configured to slide on the lower structure via the sliding bearing;
The sliding bearing is
Flat part,
And a recess connected to the flat plate portion;
A sliding support mechanism for base isolation structure, wherein a filler made of a hardenable fluid is provided in a space formed by the recess and the lower structure or the upper structure. The filling body, compressive strength is 40N / mm ² or more, seismic isolation for sliding bearings mechanism according to claim 13.   The sliding support mechanism for base isolation structure according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the recess of the sliding bearing has a side surface and a bottom surface. The arrangement structure of the damper mechanism for base isolation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and / or the damper mechanism for base isolation structure according to claim 5;
An arrangement structure of the trigger mechanism for base isolation structure according to any one of claims 6 to 11 and / or the trigger mechanism for base isolation structure according to claim 12;
A building provided with the sliding support mechanism for base isolation structure according to any one of claims 13 to 15.

Images