JP2019064567A - Brake mechanism - Google Patents

Brake mechanism Download PDF

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JP2019064567A
JP2019064567A JP2017202981A JP2017202981A JP2019064567A JP 2019064567 A JP2019064567 A JP 2019064567A JP 2017202981 A JP2017202981 A JP 2017202981A JP 2017202981 A JP2017202981 A JP 2017202981A JP 2019064567 A JP2019064567 A JP 2019064567A
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wheel
brake shoe
shaft
brake
vertical shaft
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JP7061248B2 (en
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国男 堀田
Kunio Hotta
国男 堀田
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Hotta Co Ltd
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Hotta Co Ltd
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Abstract

To provide a brake mechanism for a universal caster capable of braking a wheel of a traveling vehicle to decelerate or lock the wheel with little force.SOLUTION: A universal caster is provided which is to be attached under a baseplate of a vehicle and which can roll and rotate a wheel 13. A vertical shaft 3 is inserted and attached in a vertically movable manner via a bearing body 2 provided in the center of an attachment seat 1 of the universal caster. A brake shoe attachment body 4 for attaching a brake shoe 8 to the lower end of the vertical shaft 3 is rotatably attached via a rotation shaft 5 and a shaft 7 laterally bridging a wheel support frame 6. An arm 11 having a cam 10 is rotatably attached to the attachment seat 1 at the upper end of the vertical shaft 3. The wheel 13 and the brake shoe 8 are brought into press-contact with each other by rotating the arm 11.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本願発明は、自在キャスターのブレーキ機構に関するものである。  The present invention relates to a brake mechanism of a swivel caster.

荷物の運搬に使用する台車においても、近年は安全意識が高まり走行時の減速や駐車時のロック機能のあるものが必要とされ、中でも、坂道を走行する際の台車の横流れをも緩和できる自在キャスターのブレーキ機構が望まれている。  In the case of trucks used to transport luggage, in recent years, safety awareness has been heightened, and those with a deceleration function during traveling and a lock function during parking are required, and among them, the lateral flow of the truck when traveling on a slope can be alleviated. A caster's brake mechanism is desired.

こうした、台車の減速やロック用のブレーキ機構として、例えば特許文献１や特許文献２に開示されているようなものがある。
この特許文献１の方法は自在キャスターの車輪に取付けの停止体に爪体を歯合するものであり、減速機構としては使用できない。
また、特許文献２の方法は自在キャスターの車輪のリムにブレーキシューを圧接するもので構造が複雑であり、高価となる。
など、台車等の安価な車両には不向きである。Examples of such a brake mechanism for deceleration or locking of a truck include those disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2.
According to the method of Patent Document 1, the claw is engaged with the stop mounted on the wheel of the swivel caster, and can not be used as a reduction mechanism.
In the method of Patent Document 2, the brake shoe is pressed against the rim of the wheel of the swivel caster, and the structure is complicated and expensive.
It is unsuitable for cheap vehicles, such as a truck, etc.

特願２０１２−２６６７７５Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-266775 特願２０１４−１６２３４５Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-162345

本願発明は、従来方法の課題を解決するためになされたもので、車輪のタイヤに直接ブレーキシューを圧接して車輪の回転を減速及びロックできる自在キャスターのブレーキ機構を提供するものである。  The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the conventional method, and provides a brake mechanism of a swivel caster that can press and hold a brake shoe directly on a tire of a wheel to reduce and lock the rotation of the wheel.

請求項１のブレーキ機構は、台車等に取付けの取付け座１に回動可能に連結された車輪支持枠６に車輪１３が支持されている自在キャスターであって、取付け座１の中心に軸受け体２を介して昇降可能に上下軸３を取付け、前記上下軸の下方に、ブレーキシュー取付け体４を旋回軸５及び車輪支持枠６に横架して取付けてあるシャフト７を介して回動可能に取付け、前記ブレーキシュー取付け体にはブレーキシュー８が長穴９を介して上下位置が変更できる状態に固定してある。また、前記上下軸の上方には、前記上下軸を押圧するためのカム１０を付設のアーム１１が取付け座１の軸受け穴１２に挿通し、回動可能な状態で取付けてある。そして、前記アームを回動することによって、前記ブレーキシューを降下して前記自在キャスターの車輪１３に圧接させることで、前記車輪の回転を減速したり、ロックする。  The brake mechanism according to claim 1 is a swivel caster in which the wheel 13 is supported by a wheel support frame 6 rotatably connected to a mounting seat 1 attached to a carriage or the like, and a bearing body is provided at the center of the mounting seat 1 The upper and lower shafts 3 are attached so as to be able to move up and down via 2 and can be rotated via a shaft 7 mounted below the upper and lower shafts, the brake shoe mounting body 4 being transversely mounted to the pivot shaft 5 and the wheel support frame 6 The brake shoe 8 is fixed to the brake shoe mounting body in such a manner that the vertical position can be changed via the elongated hole 9. Further, an arm 11 attached with a cam 10 for pressing the upper and lower shafts is inserted into the bearing hole 12 of the mounting seat 1 above the upper and lower shafts so as to be rotatable. Then, by rotating the arm, the brake shoe is lowered and pressed against the wheel 13 of the swivel caster, thereby decelerating or locking the rotation of the wheel.

本願発明は、ブレーキドラムや油圧などを使わない簡便な構成である。  The present invention is a simple configuration that does not use a brake drum or hydraulic pressure.

ブレーキ機構のフリー状態を示す正面図Front view showing the free state of the brake mechanism 図１の部分断面図Partial sectional view of FIG. 1 ブレーキ機構の減速状態を示す正面図Front view showing the deceleration state of the brake mechanism ブレーキ機構のロック状態を示す正面図Front view showing the locked state of the brake mechanism 図１の平面図Top view of Figure 1 図１の右側面図Right side view of Figure 1 ブレーキ機構を台車に組み込んだ状態を示す正面図Front view showing the brake mechanism incorporated in the carriage 図７の右側面図Right side view of Fig. 7

以下、本願発明の実施形態について説明する。
最初に、ブレーキ機構について図１、２、３、４、５、６を参照して説明する。
取付け座１には、台車の台板への取付け穴１５を備え、中心には上下軸３を篏合する軸受け体２が取り付けてあり、前記上下軸を昇降可能にしてある。また、前記取付け座には、車輪支持枠６がベアリングを介し旋回可能にて取り付けてあり、前記車輪支持枠の下部にはシャフトが横架し、ベアリングを介して回転可能な状態で車輪１３が取り付けてある。Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
First, the brake mechanism will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
The mounting seat 1 is provided with a mounting hole 15 for mounting a base plate of a carriage, and at the center is mounted a bearing 2 for fitting the vertical shaft 3 so that the vertical shaft can be moved up and down. Further, a wheel support frame 6 is rotatably attached to the mounting seat via a bearing, and a shaft is horizontally mounted at a lower portion of the wheel support frame, and the wheel 13 is rotatable via the bearing. It is attached.

また、前記取付け座の中心に設けた軸受け体２には、上下軸３が挿通されており、前記上下軸の下端にはブレーキシュー取付け体４が旋回軸５を介して前記上下軸に回動可能な状態で取り付けてあり、前記ブレーキシュー取付け体の側面に設けた長穴２０を挿通し、シャフト７が車輪支持枠６に横架して固定してあり、そのブレーキシュー取付け体４にはブレーキシュー８が前記ブレーキシュー取付け体に設けた長穴９にネジを通して上下位置、つまりブレーキシュー８と車輪１３のクリアランスが簡単に調整できるように固定してあり、ブレーキシュー８は昇降と旋回が複合して行うことのできる構成となっている。
これにより、前記車輪の旋回と同期して前記ブレーキシューが回動し、いずれの方向に前記車輪が向いても前記車輪と前記ブレーキシューの関係は変わらず安定したブレーキ操作を可能にしてある。加えて、旋回軸５をブレーキシュー８の近傍に配置することでブレーキ操作中の自在キャスターの旋回負荷を最小にして台車の走行性を損なわないようにしてある。
また、ブレーキシュー８は、ブレーキシュー取付け体４とシャフト７の間に弾性体を装着して常に上方に付勢することで前述のクリアランスを保っている。Further, the vertical shaft 3 is inserted through the bearing 2 provided at the center of the mounting seat, and the brake shoe mounting body 4 is pivoted to the vertical shaft via the pivot shaft 5 at the lower end of the vertical shaft. , And the shaft 7 is fixed to the wheel support frame 6 so as to extend across the wheel support frame 6 and fixed to the brake shoe mounting body 4. The brake shoe 8 is screwed into the long hole 9 provided in the brake shoe attachment body so that the clearance between the brake shoe 8 and the wheel 13 can be easily adjusted through the screw. It has a configuration that can be performed in combination.
As a result, the brake shoe rotates in synchronization with the turning of the wheel, and the relationship between the wheel and the brake shoe remains unchanged regardless of the direction in which the wheel is facing, allowing stable brake operation. In addition, the pivoting shaft 5 is disposed in the vicinity of the brake shoe 8 so as to minimize the pivoting load of the swivel caster during the braking operation so as not to impair the traveling performance of the carriage.
In addition, the brake shoe 8 keeps the above-mentioned clearance by mounting an elastic body between the brake shoe attaching body 4 and the shaft 7 and always urging the body upward.

そして、前記上下軸の上方には、上下軸３を車輪１３の方向に押圧するためのカム１０を備えたアーム１１を取付け座１の両側の軸受け穴１２で回動可能に支持してあり、前記カムは図１に示すように、ワイヤー１６を引く方向、つまりカム１０を反時計方向に回動すると、カム１０の回転量に連れて上下軸３の下降量が大きくなるような形状としてある。
そして、アーム１１には、前記上下軸を下降方向、つまり前記アームを反時計方向に回動するためのワイヤー接続具１７と前記アームを時計方向に回動させるための弾性体１７が前記アームの軸受け穴１２を挟み両側にそれぞれ取り付けてある。これにより、ワイヤー１６を引かない時は図１に示すように、前記アームは弾性体１８の付勢力により停止ピン１９に接触する位置まで時計方向に回動した状態となり、上下軸３は弾性体１４の付勢力により上方に持ち上げられ、前記上下軸に連結してあるブレーキシュー８も同時に持ち上げて適正な隙間を維持して車輪１３が自由に回転できるフリー状態となる。
また、ワイヤー１６を引いた時は図３に示すように、アーム１１は反時計方向に回動し、前記アームに付設のカム１０が上下軸３を押し下げて、前記上下軸と連結したブレーキシュー８が車輪１３と接触する。更にワイヤー１６を引くとカム１０の形状に合せて前記上下軸を更に押し下げ、ブレーキシュー８の車輪１３への加圧力は徐々に増大して車輪１３の回転は減速して行く。
この状態から更にワイヤー１６を引くと図４に示すように、上下軸３を更に押し下げて車輪１３への加圧力は更に増大し、車輪１３の回転力に打ち勝った時点で前記車輪の回転は止まりロック状態となる。Then, an arm 11 provided with a cam 10 for pressing the vertical shaft 3 in the direction of the wheel 13 is rotatably supported by the bearing holes 12 on both sides of the mounting seat 1 above the vertical shaft, As shown in FIG. 1, the cam has a shape in which the descent amount of the upper and lower shafts 3 becomes larger as the cam 10 rotates when the wire 16 is pulled, that is, when the cam 10 is rotated counterclockwise. .
The arm 11 is provided with a wire connector 17 for rotating the upper and lower shafts in the downward direction, that is, the arm in the counterclockwise direction, and an elastic body 17 for rotating the arm in the clockwise direction. The bearing holes 12 are respectively attached to both sides. Thus, when the wire 16 is not pulled, as shown in FIG. 1, the arm is turned clockwise to a position contacting the stop pin 19 by the biasing force of the elastic body 18, and the upper and lower shafts 3 are elastic The brake shoe 8 which is lifted upward by the biasing force of 14 and is connected to the vertical shaft at the same time is simultaneously lifted to maintain a proper clearance, and the wheel 13 can be freely rotated.
When the wire 16 is pulled, as shown in FIG. 3, the arm 11 rotates counterclockwise, and the cam 10 attached to the arm pushes down the vertical shaft 3 to connect the brake shoe with the vertical shaft. 8 make contact with the wheel 13. When the wire 16 is further pulled, the upper and lower shafts are further depressed according to the shape of the cam 10, the pressure applied to the wheel 13 of the brake shoe 8 gradually increases, and the rotation of the wheel 13 decelerates.
When the wire 16 is further pulled from this state, as shown in FIG. 4, the pressing force on the wheel 13 is further pushed down by further pushing down the vertical shaft 3, and the rotation of the wheel stops when the rotational force of the wheel 13 is overcome. It becomes locked.

次に、ブレーキ機構の取付け方法と操作方法について説明する。
最初に、台車への取付け方法の一例として図を参照して説明する。
図７、８は台車２００の台板２０１に本願発明の自在キャスターのブレーキ機構５１、５２と前記台車のハンドル２０２に特願２０１３−２４４１１５にある操作具１００を取り付け、前記操作具に接続してある右ワイヤー２０３を右側のブレーキ機構５１に取り付け、前記操作具に接続してある左ワイヤー２０４を左側のブレーキ機構５２に取り付けた状態を示してある。Next, a method of attaching and operating the brake mechanism will be described.
First, an example of a method of mounting on a carriage will be described with reference to the drawings.
7 and 8 attach the operating tool 100 in Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-244115 to the brake mechanism 51, 52 of the universal caster of the present invention and the handle 202 of the bogie to the base plate 201 of the bogie 200, and connect it to the bogie. One right wire 203 is attached to the right brake mechanism 51, and the left wire 204 connected to the operation tool is attached to the left brake mechanism 52.

そして、図８には操作レバー１０１の上下位置についてフリー位置はＡ、車輪とブレーキが接触を開始した位置はＢ、車輪がロックする直前の位置はＣ、中輪をロックする位置はＤと、段階別に示してある。  In FIG. 8, the free position is A for the vertical position of the control lever 101, B for the position where the wheel and the brake have started contact, C for the position immediately before the wheel locks, and D for the middle wheel locking position, It is shown by stages.

続いて、前述の状態での操作方法について図７、８及び図１を参照して説明する。
尚、操作具以降のワイヤー、ブレーキ機構については左右同じ形態につき、右側のみの説明とする。
操作具１００の操作レバー１０１を前記Ａの状態から上方に引くと、接続されている右ワイヤー２０３を上方に引き上げて、前記ワイヤーの他端が接続してあるブレーキ機構５１の図１に示すワイヤー接続具１７が引かれてアーム１１が反時計方向に回動し、前記アームに付設のカム１０も同方向に回動して上下軸３を前記カムが押し下げ、前記上下軸に取り付けのブレーキシュー取付け体４を介してブレーキシュー８が下降する。
その後、操作レバー１０１が前記Ｂの位置になると車輪１３にブレーキシュー８が接触して前記車輪の回転の減速が可能になり、更に前記Ｃの方向に前記操作レバーを引くと、前記上下軸を前記カムが更に押し下げて減速力も増大して行き、前記操作レバーが前記Ｄの位置になると車輪１３の回転力より減速力が上回り車輪１３はロック状態となる。Subsequently, an operation method in the above-described state will be described with reference to FIGS. 7, 8 and 1.
The wires after the operation tool and the brake mechanism have the same form on the left and right, and are described only on the right side.
When the operation lever 101 of the operation tool 100 is pulled upward from the state A, the connected right wire 203 is pulled upward, and the wire shown in FIG. 1 of the brake mechanism 51 to which the other end of the wire is connected The connector 17 is pulled and the arm 11 is rotated counterclockwise, and the cam 10 attached to the arm is also rotated in the same direction so that the cam pushes down the vertical shaft 3 and the brake shoe attached to the vertical shaft The brake shoe 8 is lowered via the mounting body 4.
Thereafter, when the control lever 101 reaches the position B, the brake shoe 8 comes in contact with the wheel 13 so that the rotation of the wheel can be decelerated. When the control lever is further pulled in the direction C, the vertical shaft The cam is further depressed to increase the decelerating force, and when the control lever is at the position D, the decelerating force is higher than the rotational force of the wheel 13 and the wheel 13 is locked.

また、このブレーキ機構は多様な使い方ができることも特徴のひとつである。例えば、一定の減速量で走行したい場合は操作レバー１０１を前記Ｂの位置から前記Ｃの位置の間で適正な減速位置に固定して使用したり、減速量を変えながら走行したい場合は操作レバー１０１を前記Ｂの位置から前記Ｃの位置の間で調整しながら使用したり、インチング走行をしたい場合は操作レバー１０１を前記Ａの位置と前記Ｂから前記Ｃの位置の間を繰り返しながら使用するなどの使い方ができる。
そして、走行終了後は前述のような操作具を本願発明のブレーキ機構と併用すれば、前記Ｄの位置で操作レバー１０１を固定し、車輪１３をロック状態にして駐車することも可能である。Also, it is one of the features that this brake mechanism can be used in various ways. For example, if it is desired to travel at a fixed amount of deceleration, the operation lever 101 is fixed at an appropriate deceleration position between the position B and the position C, or if it is desired to travel while changing the amount of deceleration 101 is used while adjusting between the position of B and the position of C, or when it is desired to perform inching traveling, the operation lever 101 is repeatedly used between the position of A and the position of B to C. You can use it.
Then, after the end of traveling, if the above-described operating tool is used in combination with the brake mechanism of the present invention, the operating lever 101 can be fixed at the position D and the wheel 13 can be parked with parking.

尚、ブレーキ機構はワイヤーを介して操作する構成としてあるが、リンク機構等で操作する構成であっても構わない。  Although the brake mechanism is configured to be operated through a wire, it may be configured to be operated by a link mechanism or the like.

１ 取付座
２ 軸受け体
３ 上下軸
４ ブレーキシュー取付け体
５ 旋回軸
６ 車輪支持枠
７ シャフト
８ ブレーキシュー
９ 長穴
１０ カム
１１ アーム
１２ 軸受け穴
１３ 車輪
１４ 弾性体
１５ 取付け穴
１６ ワイヤー
１７ ワイヤー接続具
１８ 弾性体
１９ 停止ピン
２０ 長穴
５１ 右側のブレーキ機構
５２ 左側のブレーキ機構
１００ 操作具
１０１ 操作レバー
２００ 台車
２０１ 台板
２０２ ハンドル
２０３ 右ワイヤー
２０４ 左ワイヤーDESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 mounting seat 2 bearing body 3 vertical shaft 4 brake shoe mounting body 5 pivot shaft 6 wheel support frame 7 shaft 8 brake shoe 9 long hole 10 cam 11 arm 12 bearing hole 13 wheel 14 elastic body 15 mounting hole 16 wire 17 wire connector 18 elastic body 19 stop pin 20 long hole 51 right brake mechanism 52 left brake mechanism 100 operation tool 101 operation lever 200 carriage 201 base plate 202 handle 203 right wire 204 left wire

Claims (1)

取付け座に回動可能に連結された車輪支持枠に車輪が回転自在に支持されている自在キャスターであって、
前記取付け座に軸受けを介して昇降可能に上下軸を取り付け、
前記上下軸の下端面に、ブレーキシューを旋回軸とブレーキシュー取付け体とシャフトを介して回動可能に、前記ブレーキシューを上昇方向に付勢する弾性体と共に取り付けて、
前記上下軸の上端面に、接触可能に配置したカムを付設したアームを前記取付け座に回動可能に取り付けて、
前記アームを回動することによって、前記ブレーキシューを降下して前記車輪に圧接させて、前記車輪の回転の減速やロックをすることを特徴とする自在キャスターのブレーキ機構。A universal caster whose wheels are rotatably supported on a wheel support frame rotatably connected to a mounting seat,
Attach the upper and lower shafts to the mounting seat so that they can move up and down via bearings.
Attach a brake shoe to the lower end surface of the upper and lower shaft via a pivot shaft, a brake shoe attaching body, and a shaft, together with an elastic body for urging the brake shoe in the upward direction,
An arm provided with a cam disposed so as to be contactable is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat on the upper end surface of the vertical shaft.
A brake mechanism of a swivel caster characterized by rotating the arm to lower the brake shoe and press it against the wheel to decelerate and lock the rotation of the wheel.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113400801A (en) * 2021-06-21 2021-09-17 衢州职业技术学院 Computer-controlled imaging system and control method thereof

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CN113400801B (en) * 2021-06-21 2022-09-09 衢州职业技术学院 Computer-controlled imaging system and control method thereof

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