JP2019060138A5 - - Google Patents

Description

A door closer that utilizes the strain energy stored during deceleration.

It relates to a door closer that utilizes the strain energy stored during deceleration.

If any force that urges the door acts on the door, the door will accelerate, albeit slightly. The door closer needs to have a force greater than the maximum static friction force acting at any position in order for the door to start closing no matter where the door is opened and the hand is released from the handle. is there. If a force greater than the maximum static friction force continues to act, the door will continue to accelerate, maximizing the speed of motion when colliding with the door stop.
In general, a moving body accelerates while a force is applied to the moving body. When a force in the opposite direction of the force acts, the moving body accelerates when the force is greater than the resistance, the two forces are balanced and stationary when they are equal, and decelerate when the force is smaller. When the door that has been decelerated by continuously applying frictional resistance stops, it does not start moving again at the stopped position. The decelerating door has "a resistance greater than the force that urges the door", and the door remains stopped in the middle of closing and does not close completely. If the frictional resistance is made smaller than the "force that urges the door" so that it does not stop in the middle, it will continue to accelerate until the door is fully closed and will make a loud impact sound when the door is fully closed. No matter how the strength of the "spring that urges the door" and the "friction resistance of the brake shoes, etc." are adjusted, it is not possible to ensure that the door is completely closed quietly.

In "door closers equipped with hydraulic tanks" that are widely used at present, "turbulence of oil flow in and out of small gaps" increases as the acceleration of the door increases, and it greatly resists the door. When the speed of the door decreases, the resistance disappears, and the "force to rotate the door" becomes larger than the resistance. The stopped door starts moving again. Oil resistance increases as needed and disappears when decelerated too much.
The door closer accelerates the door, and the accelerated door accelerates the door closer, but when the door closer accelerates, the resistance acting on the door closer increases and resists the door so that it is not accelerated. A decelerated door closer decelerates the door. Even if the door accelerates and a large dynamic inertial force acts on the door closer, the "door closer with a hydraulic tank" has a large oil resistance that is not accelerated. The force of the "spring built into the door closer" is great in order to overcome the large resistance and rotate the door. Even if the accelerated door has a large dynamic inertial force, the resistance to cope with it is so great that the oil resistance already provided by the "door closer with a hydraulic tank" is negligible. Even if a small resistance is newly added, the "door closer with hydraulic tank" will continue to rotate without being affected by the large force of the spring.

The door closer of Patent Document 1 reduces the force acting on the door as much as possible to minimize the acceleration of the door, and "the minimum necessary to close the door" until it is fully closed without adding extra resistance. The door is rotated by "force", and suddenly when fully closed, "extremely large force" is applied to the door by adding "force to dent the door latch" to "force to rotate the door".
It keeps accelerating while the force is applied, but like the above oil resistance, the "air resistance acting on the door" increases as the door accelerates, decelerates the door, and disappears when the door stops, so the door reopens. Start moving. What is the air resistance? Since it is not as great as the oil resistance of a "door closer with a hydraulic tank", it cannot withstand the large acceleration of the door. However, if the door closer of Patent Document 1 also rotates the door by overcoming the large "resistance around the rotation axis of the door" and the large "resistance received by the door surface", the accelerated door has a large dynamic inertial force. Even if it works, the resistance to deal with it is negligibly small compared to the "large resistance already in place". In either case, in order to slowly close and quietly fully close the door that is about to accelerate significantly, the door needs to rotate with a large force with a large resistance added.

"Spring-driven door closer" stores force in the spring when opening the door and closes the door by the restoring force of the spring. The more force is required when closing the door, the more the spring of the door closer is used when opening. We must accumulate more power. The door has a vertical axis of rotation and rotates without moving the center of gravity up and down. If there is no frictional resistance around the axis or air resistance acting on the door surface, it should be possible to rotate with a force as close to zero as possible. The door closer rotates the door with extra resistance to the "minimum force required to close the door" in order to rotate slowly, so when opening the door, the "minimum required to close the door" A great power that far exceeds the power of the door is required. It opens lightly if the door closer is not installed. Because the door closer was installed on the door, the door feels heavy every time the door is opened. Whether you attach it to an infrequently used front door or not, it can be very unbearable if you attach it to an indoor door that opens and closes frequently throughout the day.

In the invention of Patent Document 2, a spring in which one end is supported by a door frame and the other end comes into contact with and detaches from the door to be fully closed is expanded and contracted by the door, and the kinetic energy of the door is converted into strain energy. And slow down the door. When the spring expands and contracts and tries to restore, the door is decelerated until it stops. If the restoration is prevented, the force of the spring will not act on the door. Further, when the door separates from the other end of the spring, the door subsequently rotates without expanding or contracting the spring. No matter how high the rotation speed of the door is, the resistance of the spring of Patent Document 2 is generated as much as necessary like the air resistance of the door of Patent Document 1, and the door is decelerated until it stops. After deceleration, it does not act on the door so that the air resistance disappears. It is sufficient that the spring provided in the door closer of Patent Document 2 has a force necessary for rotating the door without adding extra resistance as in the "door closer provided with a hydraulic tank". The force stored in the spring when opening the door is the minimum force that rotates the door, and the door does not feel heavy when opening the door. However, the operation of the door to be detached from the other end of the spring requires a slight restoration of the spring, and there is a drawback that the door starts to close after returning a little after stopping once.
The present invention utilizes the "strain energy stored by the spring of Patent Document 2 decelerating the door" when opening the door, and the door starts to close without returning after being stopped once. The spring is restored by the action of opening the door. The restoring force of the door becomes the force to open the door, reducing the force to open the door.

Japanese Patent No. 4695214 Japanese Patent No. 6023291

The problem to be solved by the present invention is how to prevent the door from feeling heavy when the door is opened and to make the entrance and exit from the room comfortable, and how to make the door closer smaller and invisible. It is a matter of accommodating and obtaining a safe and comfortable living environment.

As described in FIGS. 1 and 2, the means for solving the problem are a moving body (D) that is urged by an urging spring (Ud) and moves, and a moving body that is interlocked with the moving body (D). (J), a deceleration spring (Uj) that expands and contracts with the movement of the moving body (J), a releaseable restoration prevention means (R) that prevents the deceleration spring (Uj) from restoring, and a moving body (D). The deceleration spring (Uj) is restored by releasing the restoration preventing means (Ru), which is provided with a releasing means (Pr) for releasing the restoration preventing means (R) after the vehicle has passed the predetermined position (Ye). It is a speed reducer that reverses the direction of movement of the moving body (U), and is characterized by having a resistance (Rd) that controls the expansion and contraction speed of the urging spring (Ud), and moves when the reduction spring (Uj) expands and contracts. A deceleration device 1 that converts the kinetic energy of the body (U) into the strain energy of the deceleration spring (Uj) to decelerate the kinetic body (D), and restores the deceleration spring (Uj) to reverse the kinetic body (D). Further, as described in FIGS. 3 to 5, the speed reducer 2 capable of moving the moving body (D) while preventing the speed reduction spring (Uj) from being restored.
Incidentally, as described in FIGS. 3 to 5, the moving body (j) moves along a predetermined track (X) provided on the fixed portion (W), and one mounting shaft of the deceleration spring (Uj) is attached. Is supported by a support shaft (Sw) provided on the fixed portion (w), and the other mounting shaft is a speed reduction device 1 or a speed reduction device 2 supported by a support shaft (Sj) provided on the moving body (J). This is called a speed reducer 3. Alternatively, as described in FIG. 3, one attachment shaft of the urging spring (Ud) is supported by a support shaft (Sd) provided on the moving body (D), and the other attachment shaft is the moving body (J). ) Is one of the speed reducers 1 to 3 supported by the support shaft (Sjj). This is called a speed reducer 4.

As explained in Fig. 4, if a "door closer equipped with a hydraulic tank", which is currently widely used, is movably attached to a door or a door frame and improved so that the movement of the attachment part involves expansion and contraction of a spring, the door It doesn't feel heavy when you open it, it doesn't require a large oil pressure resistance, and it transforms into an extremely miniaturable door closer.

Explanation of the principle of the door that the spring that expanded and contracted during deceleration is restored and opens. Example of a door in which a spring that expands and contracts during deceleration is restored and opens Explanation of the principle of decelerating the door without having a resistor Improved explanatory view of a door closer equipped with a conventional hydraulic tank Explanatory drawing of a decelerating door that opens with a small force Improved view of the device of Patent Document 2 Explanatory drawing about initialization of apparatus of patent document 2

In FIG. 1 (a), the moving body D is urged by the urging spring Ud and has an arrow in the figure centered on "a pivot O provided on the fixed portion W (hereinafter, the paper surface of each drawing is referred to as a fixed portion)". The "moving body J that rotates in the a direction and is rotatably supported around the support shaft Ij provided in the fixed portion W" is urged by the reduction spring Uj in the direction of the arrow b in the figure. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the "wheel B mounted on the support shaft Ib provided on the moving body D" is along the "sliding surface K provided on the extension portion of the moving body J". Moving in the direction, the moving body J rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow B in the figure, and expands and contracts the deceleration spring Uj. One mounting shaft of the urging spring Ud is fixedly supported by a support shaft Sd provided in the fixed portion W, and the other mounting shaft is a support shaft provided in "link A rotatably supported around the pivot O". Movably supported by Sa. One mounting shaft of the reduction spring Uj is fixedly supported by the "support shaft Sw provided on the fixed portion W", and the other mounting shaft is movably supported by the "support shaft Sj provided on the moving body J".

As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the restoring force of the urging spring Ud is transmitted to the moving body D when the "hit Ag provided on the link A" abuts on the moving body D. The "force of the urging spring Ud that moves the wheel B in the direction of the arrow A in the figure" is the "deceleration spring that rotates the moving body J in the direction of the arrow B in the figure and moves the wheel B in the direction opposite to the arrow a in the figure." If it is balanced with the force of Uj, the wheel B is stationary, and if it is larger than the force of the deceleration spring Uj, the wheel B moves without being decelerated and passes the end point Ye. If it is small, the wheel B is decelerated, then stops and is returned in the direction opposite to the arrow a in the figure. When it stops soon, if the restoration of the deceleration spring Uj is prevented, the restoration force of the urging spring Ud does not act on the moving body. The restoration prevention means Ru that prevents the restoration of the deceleration spring Uj is a one-way operation, and the wheel B can be moved in the direction of the arrow A in the figure while rotating the moving body J in the direction opposite to the arrow B in the figure. "Rotation of the moving body J in the direction opposite to the arrow B in the figure" requires a force to further expand and contract the deceleration spring Uj, and the urging spring Ud does not have a force to further expand and contract the deceleration spring Uj.
As shown in FIG. 1 (b), when the hit Ag remains in contact with the moving body D, the moving body D moves without deceleration and passes the end point Ye or remains stopped in the middle. Either does not reach the end point Ye.

The restoration prevention means R is a means for preventing restoration even if the spring can expand and contract, and an example shown in FIG. 1A shows that even if the moving body J can rotate in the direction opposite to the arrow B in the figure. It is a means to prevent rotation in the direction of the middle arrow. In FIG rotatably by axially supported by a ratchet spring Ru around the "shaft Rc provided at the fixed portion W" ratchet bets R b which rotates the support shaft Ij with fixed mobile in a mobile J axially "arrow bite a halt Ra "is biased in the c direction, when the ratchet bets R b is to prevent to rotate in the arrow b direction, ratchet bets R b is rotated in the direction opposite to the arrow in the figure b, ratchet preparative R b rotates while removing the pawl Ra by flipping it up in the direction opposite to the arrow c in the figure.

When the "resistor Rd that controls the restoration speed of the urging spring Ud shown in FIG. 1 (c)" slowly restores the urging spring Ud, the accelerated moving body D is shown in FIG. 1 (c). apart al or per a g is the restoring force of the urging spring Ud is not transmitted to the moving body D. The moving body D continues to rotate in the direction of arrow a in the figure due to the dynamic inertia, and expands and contracts the deceleration spring Uj. The kinetic energy of the moving body D is converted into the strain energy of the deceleration spring (Uj), and the moving body U decelerates. The moving body D eventually remains stopped, and after that, the "Ag hitting the link A that rotates behind the moving body D" comes into contact with the moving body D. At this time, if the force of the urging spring Ud is equal to or greater than the "force that further expands and contracts the deceleration spring Uj to move the wheel B in the direction of arrow a in the figure", the wheel B that remains stopped starts moving again to reach the end point Ye. pass.

The stretched spring is restored in an instant, but the "resistance (Rd) that controls the recovery speed of the spring" slowly restores the stretched spring, and the stretched spring is returned to its original length after a long period of time. .. An example of “resistor (Rd) controlling restoration speed” is shown in FIG. 1 (c). The connecting rod AA is connected to the link A, the piston Ps that reciprocates in the "cylinder container Sl attached to the fixed portion W" is connected to the connecting rod AA, and the link A is indicated by the arrow a in the figure as the urging spring Ud is restored. Rotate in the direction. In conjunction with the link A, the piston Ps compresses the air that fills the internal Sl of the cylinder Sl and discharges it to the external Slb of the cylinder Sl through the tiny hole Slb. The turbulence of air entering and exiting the tiny hole Slb increases as the pressure difference between the internal Sla and external Slb of the cylinder Sl increases, and the greater the moving speed of the piston Ps, the greater the resistance due to the air turbulence, and the slower the moving speed of the piston Ps. Become. Also, if the force of the urging spring Ud is small, the "resistance (Rd) that controls the restoration speed of the spring" is small and sufficient, and the cylinder Sl is not strong enough to withstand a large pressure.
The illustration of "resistor Rd that controls the expansion / contraction speed of the urging spring Ud" is omitted in the subsequent operation explanatory drawings.

FIG. 2 is an operation explanatory view of the door closer provided with the speed reduction device of FIG. 1, and the moving body D is a door D that rotates around an “axial axis O provided in the door frame W”. The door frame W is a fixed portion W in FIG.
In FIG. 2A, the door closer container Dc attached to the door D incorporates an urging spring Ud (not shown) and a resistor Rd that controls the restoration speed of the urging spring Ud. The link A is urged by the urging spring Ud and rotates in the direction of arrow b in the figure about the "support shaft Id provided in the door closer container Dc". One end of the connecting rod AA is rotatably supported around the support shaft Id, and the other end is equipped with a "slider B that moves along the trajectory X provided on the door frame W". The slider B moves in the direction of the arrow C in the figure, and the door D rotates in the direction of the arrow A in the figure about the pivot axis O provided on the door frame.

The hit AAg provided on the connecting rod AA is a protrusion, and the accommodation groove width is larger than the hit AAg in the groove Am provided on the link A, and a pressing surface Ak is provided on one side of the groove Am and a deceleration surface Akk is provided on the other side. When the door is closed, one of the pressing surfaces Ak of the groove Am hits and presses AAg, and the link A and the connecting rod AA are relatively integrated and rotate in the direction of arrow B in the figure. Even when the door is opened, the hit AAg presses one of the pressing surfaces Ak, and the link A and the connecting rod AA are relatively integrated and rotate in the direction opposite to the arrow b in the figure. Even if the link A starts accelerating from the middle of closing the door D, the link A rotates slowly due to the resistance Rd, so that the hit AAg is separated from one pressing surface Ak, and the connecting rod AA is not due to the urging spring Ud but the dynamic inertia of the door D. Rotated by force, the slider B moves in the direction of arrow C in the figure and presses "moving body J that moves along the trajectory X and is urged by the deceleration spring Uj in the direction opposite to the arrow C in the figure". The deceleration spring Uj expands and contracts to decelerate the door D, but as shown in Fig. 2 (b), the hit AAg presses the other deceleration surface Akk, and the link A and the connecting rod AA are relatively integrated. In the figure, it rotates in the direction of arrow B and tries to forcibly restore the urging spring Ud housed in the door closer container Dc. Since the resistance Rd prevents the urging spring Ud from suddenly restoring, the connecting rod AA is prevented from rotating suddenly and quickly. The resistor Rd slows down the door D.

"The force that moves the moving body J in the direction of arrow C in the figure by the restoring force of the urging spring Ud" is larger than "the force that moves the moving body J in the direction opposite to the arrow C in the figure by the restoring force of the deceleration spring Uj" At that time, the door is fully closed without slowing down. When they are equal, they are balanced and stationary, and when they slow down, they are small. When the door D closes, the moving body J is moved in the direction of arrow C in the figure by the urging spring Ud and the door inertial force, but the door inertial force decreases as the door D is decelerated and disappears at the same time as the door D stops. To do. The deceleration spring Uj expands and contracts by moving the moving body J in the direction of arrow C in the figure, and the door D decelerates.However, since the motion speed is generally zero at the position where the motion direction is reversed, the deceleration spring Uj is restored and moves. When the body J starts to move in the direction opposite to the arrow C in the figure, the door D is decelerated until it stops.
The speed reducer of FIG. 2 is also provided with the restoration prevention means Ru of FIG. As shown in Fig. 2 (a), the moving body J is equipped with a "rack Rb having serrations on the extension portion" so that the pawl Ra bites into the rack Rb so that the moving body J cannot move in the direction opposite to the arrow C in the figure. I have to. The restoration of the deceleration spring Uj is prevented, and the restoration of the deceleration spring Uj does not move the moving body J in the direction opposite to the arrow C in the figure. The link A continues to rotate slowly even while the door D is stopped, and one of the pressing surfaces Ak of the groove Am hits and abuts on AAg. If the "force that the pressing surface Ak hits and presses AAg" is the force that further expands and contracts the deceleration spring Uj, the moving body J can be moved in the direction of arrow C in the figure. Door D is fully closed as shown in Fig. 2 (c). The start point Yi indicates the fully open position, and the end point Ye indicates the fully closed position. If there is no force to further expand and contract the deceleration spring Uj in the "force that the pressing surface Ak hits and presses AAg", the door D remains stopped halfway until it is fully closed.

After the door D is fully closed, the release means Pr that releases the restoration prevention means Ru works. As shown in FIG. 2 (c), the ratchet claw RR is rotatably supported around the support shaft Rd provided on the door D, and when the door D is fully closed, the ratchet claw RR and the pawl Ra mesh with each other. As shown in 2 (d), when the fully closed door D is opened, the pawl Ra is rotated in the direction opposite to the arrow c in the figure. Even if the pawl Ra moves away from the rack Rb, the force that moves the moving body J in the direction of arrow C in the figure exceeds the force that pushes it back with the deceleration spring Uj, so the door does not open while fully closed . The closer the force that moves the moving body J in the direction of arrow C in the figure and the force that pushes it back with the deceleration spring Uj are closer to the same, the closer the force that starts to open the fully closed door D is to zero.
In the case of the above-mentioned "door closer equipped with a hydraulic tank", when the door is opened, there is no force acting in the direction of opening the door unlike the reduction spring Uj. When the door is fully closed, the door presses the door frame with a large force, and when the door is opened, a force greater than "the force with which the door presses the door frame" is required. It cannot start to open with a force close to zero.

Also to the door to close is in the middle closed, the force of the biasing spring Ud is strong Ri good "deceleration spring Uj so as not to bring the door D in the fully closed even with the maximum of the door inertia force to assume" force It must be a force that allows the door D to be fully closed while further expanding and contracting.
However, the force of the urging spring Ud when fully closed is minimal. The force at which the door D starts to open is zero, and even if it is opened a little with a slight force, the urging spring Ud has a greater force than the minimum force when fully closed. More force than "the force that causes the door D to fully close while further expanding and contracting the deceleration spring Uj with a force stronger than the maximum assumed door inertial force" is stored. As the door is opened, the force of the deceleration spring disappears and the force stored in the urging spring Ud increases. When opened to the fully open position, the force of the urging spring Ud becomes maximum, and the "force that causes D to fully close while further expanding and contracting the deceleration spring Uj with a force stronger than the assumed maximum door inertial force" is far greater. It has become more powerful than.
When the fully closed door D is opened, the restoration prevention means Ru is released, and the restoration force of the deceleration spring Uj continues to work in the direction of opening the door D, so the force of the hand that opens the door D is reduced by that amount, and it reaches the fully open position. Even if the maximum value of the force of the urging spring Ud when opened is large, the force of the hand that opens to the fully opened position is not so large.

As shown in FIG. 2D, the ratchet claw RR rotates the pawl Ra in the direction opposite to the arrow C in the figure while opening the fully closed door D, but even if the pawl Ra is separated from the rack Rb, the ratchet pawl If the RR and the pawl Ra do not remain in mesh, the pawl Ra is urged by the ratchet spring Ru and bites into the middle part of the rack Rb. The ratchet claw RR and the pawl Ra mesh with each other until the moving body J returns to the original position shown in FIG. 2 (a), and the pawl Ra is continuously rotated in the direction opposite to the arrow C in the figure. When the rotating body J returns to its original position, the pawl Ra is separated from the ratchet claw RR.

In the reduction gear of FIG. 3, when the "door D that has been decelerated and stopped in the middle" starts to close again, the reduction spring Uj is not closed while expanding and contracting the reduction spring Uj as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Closes without expanding and contracting, leading to full closure. The force acting on the door until the door is temporarily stopped and fully closed is sufficient if it is a force that rotates the door and dents the door latch (hereinafter referred to as the fully closed force), and is in the fully open position. The force acting on the door between the time it stops and the time it stops is sufficient to rotate the door. As in the door closer of Patent Document 1, if the door is rotated with a small force until it is about to be fully closed and is fully closed with a large full closing force, the strength of the spring of the door closer increases as the door is opened. Even if a fully closed force is required to open a closed door, the door can be opened with "a small force enough to rotate the door" until it is fully opened. If the deceleration spring Uj is prevented from restoring when the door accelerates and expands and contracts, and the deceleration spring Uj is restored when the door is opened, the restoring force of the deceleration spring Uj stored by decelerating the door will open the door. Will act on. Doors that accelerate before they are fully closed will open with less force when they open.

In FIG. 3A, the moving body D is urged by the urging spring Ud around the “axial axis O provided in the fixed portion W” and rotates in the direction of arrow a in the figure. One mounting shaft of the urging spring Ud is movably supported by a support shaft Sd provided on the moving body D, and the other mounting shaft is a support provided on the "moving body J rotatably supported around the pivot O". It is fixedly supported by the shaft Sjj. Equipped with "resistor Rd that controls the restoration speed of the urging spring Ud", the urging spring Ud restores slowly and does not change its length suddenly.
One mounting shaft of the reduction spring Uj is fixedly supported by the "support shaft Sw provided on the fixed portion W", and the other mounting shaft is movably supported by the "support shaft Sj provided on the moving body J". The deceleration spring Uj urges the moving body J in the direction opposite to the arrow a in the figure, and the moving body J "presses the contact Gj provided on the fixed portion W and stands still. FIG. 3 (b) shows the moving body. It is a state diagram in which D starts to rotate in the direction of arrow a in the figure due to the restoration of the urging spring Ud. FIG. 3 (c) is a state diagram in which the moving body D accelerates and the urging spring Ud is restored with a delay. Since the distance between the support shaft Sd and the support shaft Sjj does not change abruptly due to the resistance Rd, the moving body J is separated from the hit Gj and is rotating together with the moving body D in the direction of arrow A in the figure. Uj expands and contracts and door D decelerates.

In FIG. 3C, the restoration preventing means R is a means for preventing the reduction spring Uj from being restored even if it can expand and contract, and the “fixing portion W” is attached to the “ratchet tooth Rb provided on the outer extension portion of the moving body J”. The moving body J cannot rotate in the direction opposite to the arrow A in the figure because the pawl Ra, which is rotatably supported around the support shaft Rc provided in the above and is urged by the ratchet spring Ru in the direction of arrow C in the figure, bites into it. It is a means to do so. When the moving body D decelerates, the deceleration spring Uj expands and contracts, and when the expansion and contraction stops, the moving body D is decelerated until it stops. If it is restored, the door D will be returned in the direction opposite to the arrow a in the figure, but the restoration will be prevented and the force of the deceleration spring Uj will not act on the door D.
When the door D stops and rotates again in the direction of arrow a in the figure, it rotates by the restoring force of the urging spring Ud, and the deceleration spring Uj does not resist. Movement body D is rotated in the arrow b direction by "sufficient force to rotate the movement member D", and the arrow in the drawing Lee motion body D only "sufficient force to rotate the moving body D" It can be rotated in the opposite direction.

FIG. 3D is a state diagram when the moving body D passes the end point Ye, and the restoration of the deceleration spring Uj is still prevented. Since the moving body D rotates without restoring the urging spring Ud by the amount that the moving body J rotates in the direction of the arrow a in the figure, the moving body D hits and the moving body D ends without leaving Gj. The moving body D reaches the end point Ye with a slight restoration of the urging spring Ud when it is separated from the time when it reaches Ye. When the moving body D reaches the end point Ye, the more the moving body D is decelerated and more restoring force is stored in the deceleration spring Uj, the greater the force of the urging spring Ud works. Therefore, a large force is required to rotate the moving body D reaching the end point Ye in the direction opposite to the arrow a in the figure, but if the restoration preventing means R is released, the deceleration spring Uj is restored and the moving body D is restored. Will be rotated in the direction opposite to the arrow a in the figure. The more the moving body is decelerated and the deceleration spring Uj expands and contracts greatly, the stronger the restoring force becomes. In some cases, the moving body D is rotated in the direction opposite to the arrow a in the figure, and at the same time, it rotates arbitrarily.

In FIG. 3A, the ratchet claw RR is rotatably supported around the “support shaft RRd provided on the moving body D” and is urged by the spring Ruu to press the “hit Gdd provided on the moving body D”. However, as shown in FIG. 3D, when the moving body D passes the end point Ye, it gets over the protrusion Rag provided on the pawl Ra of the restoration preventing means R. As shown in FIG. 3 (e), when the moving body D is rotated in the direction opposite to the arrow A in the figure, the ratchet claw RR and the protrusion Ra of the pawl Ra mesh with each other, and the pawl Ra is in the direction opposite to the arrow C in the figure. Rotate to. At the same time that the pawl Ra separates from the rack Rb, the moving body J rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow a in the figure. The urging spring Ud whose length does not change suddenly connects the moving body J and the moving body D, and the moving body D also rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow a in the figure. As shown in FIG. 3 (e), the ratchet claw RR and the protrusion Rag of the pawl Ra continue to mesh until the moving body J hits and abuts on Gj. The restoration prevention means R returns after contacting.

FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory view of the door closer adopting the deceleration mechanism of FIG. 3, and the moving body D of FIG. 3 is a door D that rotates about the “axial axis O provided in the door frame W” in FIG. The door frame W is a fixed portion W in FIG.
The door D is urged by the urging spring Ud around the "axial axis O provided in the door frame W" and rotates in the direction of arrow a in the figure. One mounting shaft of the urging spring Ud is fixedly supported by the support shaft Sd provided on the door D, and the other mounting shaft is rotatably supported around the support shaft Id provided on the door D, and the urging spring It is movably supported by the support shaft Sa provided on the link A "which is urged by Ud and rotates in the direction of arrow B in the figure. Equipped with "resistor Rd that controls the restoration speed of the urging spring Ud", the urging spring Ud restores slowly and does not change its length suddenly. One attachment shaft of the reduction spring Uj is supported by a support shaft Sw provided in the fixed portion w, and the other attachment shaft is supported by a support shaft Sj provided in the moving body J.

Link AA is connected to link A, and mobile body J is connected to link AA. The moving body J is rotatably supported around the support shaft Ij provided on the door frame W, and is urged by the reduction spring Uj in the direction of arrow C in the figure to press the contact Gj. Provided on the door frame W. Stand still. 4 (b2) and 4 (c2) are a state diagram when the moving body is stationary and the door D is rotated until just before the fully closed state, and a state diagram when the door D is fully closed, respectively.
In this case, the deceleration spring Uj does not expand or contract until the door is fully closed. The rotation of the door D is linked to the rotation of the link A, the rotation speed follows the restoration speed of the urging spring Ud, and the deceleration of the door D is handled only by the "resist Rd that controls the restoration speed of the urging spring Ud". become. The above-mentioned "door closer provided with a hydraulic tank" is a door closer in which the connecting shaft Iaa of the link AA and the moving body J is provided on the door frame W in FIG. 4, and the deceleration spring Uj does not expand or contract.
4 (b1) and 4 (c1) are examples in which the connecting shaft Iaa is movably attached to the door frame W and urged by the deceleration spring Uj to press the contact Gj to stand still. As described below, the urging spring is simply made to move the link AA of the above-mentioned "door closer equipped with a hydraulic tank" and the connecting shaft Iaa of the door frame W so that the reduction spring Uj is urged. The force of Uj can be reduced and the hydraulic tank can be made smaller.

As shown in FIG. 4 (b1), the door D can rotate if the moving body J rotates even if the link A does not rotate. When the door D accelerates greatly and the rotation of the link A is delayed, and when the deceleration spring Uj is relatively weak and easily expands and contracts, the moving body J moves away from the hit Gj and rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow C in the figure. The deceleration spring Uj expands and contracts only by the door inertial force without the urging spring being restored.
Since the urging spring Ud only rotates the door without expanding and contracting the deceleration spring Uj, it is not as strong as the spring built in the above-mentioned "door closer equipped with a hydraulic tank". Further, since the "resistor Rd that controls the restoration speed of the urging spring Ud" does not decelerate the door D itself, it is not as large as the hydraulic tank of the above-mentioned "door closer equipped with a hydraulic tank".
When the deceleration spring Uj expands and contracts to decelerate until the door D is stopped, the deceleration spring Uj expands and contracts completely and tries to restore. "Ratchet teeth Rb provided on the outer extension of the moving body J" are rotatably supported around the support shaft Rc provided on the fixed portion W and urged by the ratchet spring Ru in two directions as shown by the arrows in the figure. ”, Prevents the moving body J from rotating in the direction of arrow C in the figure, and prevents the restoration of the deceleration spring Uj.
FIG. 4 (c1) shows a state in which the restoration of the deceleration spring Uj is prevented and the door D is rotated by the force of the urging spring Ud while the moving body J is stationary, and is fully closed.
Similar to the speed reduction device of FIG. 3, the restoration preventing means R is released at the same time when the fully closed door D is opened, and the reduction spring is restored to open the door D. Door D starts to open without any effort.

Similar to FIG. 4, FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view of the door closer adopting the reduction mechanism of FIG. 3, and the restoration speed of the urging spring Ud and the urging spring Ud (not shown) is shown on the door closer container Dc attached to the door D. It has a built-in resistor Rd to control. The link A is rotatably supported around the "support shaft Id provided on the door D", and is urged by an urging spring Ud (not shown) to rotate in the direction of arrow b in the figure. The moving body J is rotatably supported around the "support shaft Ij provided on the door frame W" and is urged by the reduction spring Uj to rotate in the direction opposite to the arrow 2 in the figure in FIG. 5A. Is blocked by a hit Gj provided on the fixed portion W. The moving body J is provided with a groove M, the groove M is parallel to the surface of the door D passing through the substantially end point Ye, the side surface of the groove M near the door D is an acceleration sliding surface K, and the side surface on the far side is a deceleration sliding surface. The moving surface is KK.
The wheel B is mounted on the support shaft Ib provided at the tip of the link A, and the wheel B moves in the direction of arrow C in the drawing along the acceleration sliding surface K in FIG. 5A. In FIG. 5B, the door D accelerates, the rotation of the link A cannot catch up, the wheel B leaves the acceleration sliding surface K, presses the deceleration sliding surface KK, and the moving body J is indicated by the arrow 2 in the drawing. Indicates a state of rotation in the direction. The moving body J expands and contracts the deceleration spring Uj away from the hit Gj, and FIG. 5B shows a state in which the door D is decelerated and temporarily stopped. One attachment shaft of the reduction spring Uj is supported by a support shaft Sw provided in the fixed portion w, and the other attachment shaft is supported by a support shaft Sj provided in the moving body J.

The deceleration spring Uj is restored at the same time as the door D is stopped, but when the deceleration spring is restored and the rotation direction of the door D is reversed, the speed of the door becomes zero. In FIG. 5B, the restoration preventing means R works, and the pawl Ra is rotatably supported around the support shaft Rc provided in the fixed portion W, and is urged by the spring Ru in the direction of the arrow E in the figure to move. It moves along the rack Rb provided on the body J. The rotation of the moving body J in the direction opposite to the arrow 2 in the figure is blocked, and the wheel B moves along the acceleration sliding surface K. As shown in FIG. 5C, the door D has the end point Ye. Pass through. The sliding surface Kd provided on the door D moves along the protrusion Rag of the pawl Ra, and the pawl Ra is rotated in the direction opposite to the arrow e in the figure. At the same time that the pawl Ra separates from the rack Rb, the moving body J rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow 2 in the figure due to the restoration of the deceleration spring Uj, and the door D is rotated in the direction opposite to the arrow a in the figure, but the latch of the door D Rd comes into contact with the locking portion Gw provided on the door frame W, and the door D is kept stationary in a fully closed state. It does not rotate until the moving body J hits and abuts on Gj.
When the door latch Rd is released and the door is opened, the restoring force of the deceleration spring Uj opens the door D via the moving body J, the wheel B, and the link A until the moving body J hits and abuts on Gj. It is necessary to keep the pawl Ra away from the rack Rb until the moving body J hits and abuts on Gj so that the pawl Ra does not bite into the rack Rb and stop the rotation of the moving body.

As shown in FIG. 5D, when the door D is opened, the wheel B moves along the sliding surface KK in the direction opposite to the arrow C in the figure, and the link A rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow B in the figure. To do. The door D is opened while expanding and contracting the urging spring Ud, but if the door D can move while preventing the restoration of the deceleration spring Uj as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, the deceleration spring Uj is expanded and contracted. Since the door D is closed without causing it, the restoring force stored in the urging spring Ud is greater than or equal to "the size of recessing the latch and rotating the door D in the closing direction when fully closed" without any resistance. All you need is.

As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, if the moving body D moves without the deceleration spring Uj expanding and contracting, the resistance of the decelerating spring does not act on the movement of the moving body D, and only the moving body D is moved. The moving body D moves by force. FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 show a limited link device that can only perform a fixed motion by restraining an unlimited link device that cannot perform a fixed motion, and in each of these, a rotatable moving body J is restrained by a hit Gj. We are switching from a device that makes a fixed movement to a device that makes a fixed movement by restraining it with a pawl Ra.
In Patent Document 2, as shown in FIG. 6, the moving body D is decelerated to prevent the deceleration spring Uj from being restored and contracted, and the deceleration spring Uj is not further expanded and contracted as in the devices of FIGS. Describes an invention that makes the moving body D movable. If this method is adopted, there is no need for means for delaying the restoration of the urging spring Ud as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, and the hydraulic tank of the "door closer equipped with the hydraulic tank" is not required. Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, the force of the urging spring Ud is sufficient as long as it is a force to start the stopped moving body. FIG. 7 is for utilizing the restoring force of the expansion / contraction deceleration spring Uj in the invention of Patent Document 2 after opening the closed door, and describes a method of releasing the restoration preventing means R.

As shown in FIG. 6, the moving body D, the abutting body DD, the moving body J, and the slave moving body JJ move along the trajectory W provided in the fixed portion W without rotating. The moving body D is urged by an urging means Udd (not shown) and an urging means other than the spring shown in the drawing, and moves in the direction of arrow a in the drawing. FIG. 6A is a state diagram when the moving body D does not yet come into contact with the contact body DD. From FIG. 6 (b) to FIG. 6 (d), and subsequently from FIG. 6 (d) to FIG. 7 (e), the moving body D and the abutting body DD are relatively integrated and the arrows in the figure. It shows the state of continuing to move in the direction of a. FIG. 7 (f) is an operation explanatory view when the moving body D reaches the end point Ye, and from the state of FIG. 7 (f) to FIG. 7 (g), the restoring force of the deceleration spring Uj hits the moving body D. It is an operation explanatory view which keeps moving in the direction opposite to the arrow a in the figure with the contact body DD relatively integrated.
It is easier to understand that the moving body D is regarded as a door, and FIG. 7 (f) is regarded as a door stop provided in the door frame when the door is fully closed, and the moving body D is grasped by hand after FIG. 7 (f). It is an operation explanatory view which keeps moving in the direction opposite to the arrow a in the figure by pulling up. From FIG. 7 (f) to FIG. 7 (j), the abutting body DD is urged by the initialization spring Udd and continues to press the moving body D and is relatively integrated, as shown in FIG. 7 (j). After the contact with the hit Gdd, the player moves away from the hit Gdd. FIG. 6A shows a state in which the moving body D is separated from the contact body DD.

In the standby state shown in FIG. 6A, the contact body DD is urged by the initialization spring Udd and hits Gdd to stand still. One attachment shaft of the initialization spring Ud is fixedly supported by the support shaft Sjj provided on the slave moving body JJ, and the other attachment shaft is movably supported by the support shaft Sdd provided on the contact body DD.
One mounting shaft of the reduction spring Uj is fixedly supported by the "support shaft Sw provided in the fixed portion W", and the other mounting shaft is movably supported by the "support shaft Sj provided in the slave moving body JJ " . Supporting mobile JJ is pressed to the deceleration spring Uj, it is pressed through the insertion spring Ujj mobile J. The moving body J is prevented from moving in the direction opposite to the arrow a in the figure by the contact Gj provided on the fixed portion W. The insertion spring Ujj is crushed by the moving body J and the slave moving body JJ, and the hit Gjj provided on the slave moving body JJ separates from the moving body J while maintaining a slight gap h. A step hh is formed between the "top end Kjp of the rising portion Kjj of the hit Gjj" and the contact surface Kj.

The link A is rotatably supported around the "support shaft Ia provided on the abutting body DD", urged by a spring Ua ( not shown) , and "wheel B mounted on the support shaft Ib provided at the tip portion". The rotation in the direction of arrow B in the figure is blocked by the tip of the sliding surface Kjb provided on the slave moving body JJ, and the straight line Za passing through the support shaft Ia and the support shaft Ib is used as the contact surface Kj of the moving body J. It is kept almost vertical.
As shown in FIG. 6B, when the moving body D comes into contact with the abutting body DD and the moving body D and the abutting body DD are relatively integrated and move in the direction of arrow a in the figure, they move. When the speed is high, the wheel B does not rotate in the direction of arrow b in the figure between the tip end portion of the sliding surface Kjb and the top end Kjp, and fits into the step hh. The rotation of the wheel B in the direction of arrow B in the figure is blocked by the rising portion Kjj of the hit Gjj. From FIG. 6 (b) to FIG. 6 (c), the wheel B moves in the direction of arrow a in the figure while being fitted to the step hh while pressing the contact surface Kj, and the kinetic energy of the moving body D is a deceleration spring. It is converted into the strain energy of Uj. FIG. 6C shows a state in which the velocity of the moving body D becomes zero and the deceleration spring Uj is about to be restored.

The speed reducer whose operation is described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7 also includes the restoration prevention means R described with reference to FIG. This is a means for preventing the reduction spring Uj from being restored even if it can expand and contract. As shown in FIG. 6C, a rack Rjj is provided on the “sliding surface Krj provided on the slave moving body JJ in parallel with the track X”, and is provided on the “fixed portion W” that moves along the sliding surface Krj. The pawl Ra, which is rotatably supported around the support shaft Rc and is urged by the ratchet spring Ru in the direction of arrow C in the figure, bites into the rack Rjj, and the slave moving body JJ can move in the direction of arrow A in the figure. However, make sure that it cannot move in the opposite direction to the arrow a in the figure.
As the velocity of the moving body D approaches zero, the force with which the wheel B presses the contact surface Kj decreases, and as shown in FIG. 6D, the insertion spring Ujj is restored and the moving body J is indicated by an arrow in the figure. It moves in the opposite direction to a, hits the direction, contacts Gjj, and eliminates the step hh. The wheel B easily gets over the rising portion Kjj, and the link A rotates in the direction of arrow B in the figure as shown in FIG. 6 (d). In FIG. 7E, the wheel B passes behind the rising portion Kjj, and the deceleration spring passes through a passage that does not expand or contract Uj.

As shown in FIG. 6A, the arm Rad is rotatably supported around the support shaft Id provided on the moving body D, and is urged by the arm spring Urd to press the contact Grd provided on the moving body D. And then stand still. The hook Rdg attached to the tip engages with the hook Gjr attached to the slave moving body JJ and disengages. As shown in FIG. 7 (f), when the moving body D reaches the end point Ye and for a short time when the moving body D continues to move in the direction of arrow a in the figure, the hooked Rdg is caught and caught on the Gjr, and FIG. 7 As shown in FIGS. 7 (j) from (g), the "sliding surface Kd provided on the arm Rad" moves along the "wheel Bd mounted on the support shaft Id provided on the fixed portion W". , Arm Rad hits and moves away from Grd. Make sure that the moving body D is caught and disengaged from the contact body DD before it separates from the contact body DD, and as shown in FIG. 7 (j), the moving body D is caught after the moving body D leaves the contact body DD and is not caught by the Gjr again. There is. After FIG. 6A, when the moving body D is separated from the contact body DD, only the moving body D is pulled up by hand and moves in the direction opposite to the arrow a in the figure.

As shown in FIG. 6A, the ratchet claw RR rotates around the support shaft Idd provided on the abutting body DD in the “release means Pr for releasing after the moving body D has passed the end point Ye”. Sliding provided on the ratchet claw RR as shown in FIG. 7 (e), which is freely axially supported, urged by the spring Rdd, and presses the "hit Gdr provided on the abutting body DD" to stand still. The surface Kra moves along the "wheel Ba mounted on the support shaft Ia provided on the contact body DD". When the ratchet claw RR and the protrusion Rag of the pawl Ra come into contact, the support shaft Idd is closer to the protrusion Rag than the support shaft Ia and can rotate in the direction opposite to the arrow 2 in the figure, and the ratchet claw RR is a protrusion. You can get over the part Rag and pass through. As shown in FIG. 7 (f), when the moving body D passes the end point Ye, the ratchet claw RR and the protrusion Rag mesh with each other. In FIG. 7 (g), the moving body D is hooked and the abutting body DD is pulled up in the direction opposite to the arrow A in the figure via the hook Rdg, and the ratchet claw RR and the protrusion Rag are engaged with each other and the pawl Ra is set as the arrow C in the figure. Rotate in the opposite direction. The pawl Ra is separated from the rack Rb, the deceleration spring Uj is restored, the moving body J is relatively integrated with the abutting body DD, moves in the direction opposite to the arrow a in the figure, and abuts on the hit Gj to stop. To do. After that, the movement of the moving body D in the direction opposite to the arrow a in the figure must be pulled up by hand.

In FIG. 7 (h), the support shaft Idd is located farther from the support shaft Ia to the protrusion Rag, and rotation is blocked in the direction opposite to the arrow 2 in the figure. The pawl Ra further rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow C in the figure, and in FIG. 7 (i), the pawl Ra deviates from the ratchet claw RR and rotates in the direction of the arrow C in the figure to bite into the rack Rjj. Restoration prevention means R is revived. The contact body DD is urged by the initialization spring Udd and moves in the direction opposite to the arrow a in the figure together with the moving body D, and the wheel B moves in the direction approaching the track X along the sliding surface Kjb. As shown in FIG. 7 (j), when the contact body DD hits and comes into contact with Gdd, it stands still along the tip of the sliding surface Kjb.

J Moving body B Wheel D Door G Per I Support shaft K Sliding surface O Axis U Spring W Fixed part
X orbit

Claims (3)

A moving body (D) that moves by being urged by an urging spring (Ud), a moving body (J) that works with the moving body (D), and a deceleration spring that expands and contracts with the movement of the moving body (J) ( It is equipped with a Uj) and a releaseable restoration prevention means (Ru) that prevents the restoration of the deceleration spring (Uj).
The urging spring (Ud) has a resistance (Rd) that controls the restoring speed, and the restoring force of the urging spring (Ud) is transmitted to the moving body (D) via the link (A), and the link (Ud) A) is characterized by having a contact (Ag) that abuts against the moving body (D) so as to be detachable. The moving body (D) is separated from the hit (Ag), and the restoring force of the urging spring (Ud) moves. A deceleration device that cannot be transmitted to the body (D). The speed reduction device according to claim 1, further comprising a speed reduction surface (Akk) in which the link (A) abuts on a moving body (D) away from the hit (Ag). The urging spring (Ud) has a resistor (Rd) that controls the restoration speed, one mounting shaft is the support shaft (Sd) provided on the moving body (D), and the other mounting shaft is the moving body (J). The moving body (J) is a speed reducing device that is supported by a support shaft (Sjj) provided in the vehicle and is urged by a speed reducing spring (Uj) to decelerate the moving body (U), and restores the speed reducing spring (Uj). A deceleration device equipped with a releasable restoration prevention means (Ru).