JP2019052925A - Dryness measuring device and dryness measurement method - Google Patents

Abstract

To correct dryness based on a change of emission intensity of a light-emitting element by a simple configuration.SOLUTION: The present invention comprises: a light-emitting element 102 for emitting inspection light having a wavelength absorbed by a saturation liquid; a light-emitting element 103 for emitting reference light having a wavelength hardly absorbed by a wet vapor; a piping 101, located within a given range to the light-emitting element 102 and light-emitting element 103, in which vapor flows and which the inspection light and reference light pass through; a light-receiving element 110 for receiving the inspection light and reference light having passed through the piping 101; a temperature sensor 1041 for measuring an ambient temperature Tof the light-emitting element 102 and light-emitting element 103; an absorbance calculation unit 1141 for calculating the absorbance Aof vapor from the received inspection light and reference light; and a dryness calculation unit 1142 for calculating the dryness z of vapor from the absorbance Aof vapor and the ambient temperature T.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a dryness measuring apparatus and a dryness measuring method for measuring dryness.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a technique for measuring the dryness of steam flowing through piping by light absorption of near infrared light is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In Patent Document 1, two light emitting elements are used to emit inspection light having a wavelength that is absorbed by a saturated liquid and reference light having a wavelength that is difficult to be absorbed by wet steam. Then, the inspection light and the reference light are made to enter the inside of the pipe through the window provided on the side wall of the pipe, the inspection light and the reference light transmitted through the pipe are received, and the dryness is determined based on the light. Calculated. Here, by using the reference light, it is possible to correct the loss of inspection light due to reflection, scattering, and refraction inside the pipe and dirt on a window provided on the side wall of the pipe.
In addition, by monitoring the inspection light and reference light emitted by the two light emitting elements (inspection light and reference light before transmitting the vapor flowing through the pipe), and correcting the dryness in consideration of the light, Even when the light emission intensity of the two light emitting elements changes regardless of the dryness, the dryness can be accurately measured.

JP 2006-151572 A

  However, in the method of monitoring the inspection light and the reference light emitted by the two light emitting elements (the inspection light and the reference light before transmitting the vapor flowing through the pipe) and correcting the dryness based on the light, It is necessary to monitor by branching the optical paths of the two light emitting elements. Therefore, in this method, there is a problem that the structure of the dryness measuring apparatus is complicated and a special optical fiber and light receiving element for monitoring are required.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a dryness measuring apparatus capable of correcting dryness based on a change in light emission intensity of a light emitting element with a simple configuration. It is an object.

  A dryness measuring apparatus according to the present invention includes an inspection light emitting element that emits inspection light having a wavelength that is absorbed by a saturated liquid, and a wavelength that is difficult to be absorbed by wet steam with respect to inspection light emitted by the inspection light emitting element. A reference light-emitting element that emits a reference light, and the inspection light-emitting element and the reference light-emitting element, which are located within a certain range with respect to the inspection light-emitting element and the reference light-emitting element. A pipe through which the reference light emitted by the reference light emitting element is transmitted, a light receiving element that receives the inspection light and the reference light transmitted through the pipe, and an ambient temperature measurement that measures the ambient temperature of the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element. Based on the inspection light and the reference light received by the light receiving element, the absorbance calculation unit for calculating the absorbance of the vapor flowing through the pipe, the absorbance of the vapor calculated by the absorbance calculation unit, and the ambient temperature measurement Based on the measured ambient temperature by section, characterized in that a dryness fraction calculating unit for calculating the dryness of the steam flowing through the pipe.

  According to this invention, since it comprised as mentioned above, the dryness correction | amendment based on the change of the emitted light intensity of a light emitting element can be performed with a simple structure.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the dryness measuring apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a graph which shows the state change of the water in standard atmospheric pressure. It is a graph which shows an example of the relationship between the absorption spectrum of saturated vapor | steam and a saturated liquid, and dryness. It is a graph which shows an example of the relationship between the emitted light intensity of two light emitting elements and forward voltage in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a graph which shows an example of the relationship between the forward voltage of two light emitting elements and ambient temperature in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the operation example of the dryness measuring apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the dryness measuring apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the dryness measuring apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a dryness measuring apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The dryness measuring device 1 measures the dryness z of the steam (refrigerant etc.) flowing through the pipe 101. As shown in FIG. 1, the dryness measuring apparatus 1 includes a pipe 101, a light emitting element (inspection light emitting element) 102, a light emitting element (reference light emitting element) 103, a drive circuit 104, an optical waveguide 105, an optical waveguide 106, Optical multiplexer 107, optical waveguide 108, optical waveguide 109, light receiving element 110, signal amplification / separation circuit 111, temperature sensor (vapor temperature measuring unit) 112, data storage device 113, CPU 114, input device 115, output device 116, program storage A device 117 and a temporary storage device 118 are provided. In addition, the data storage device 113 includes a calculation information storage unit 1131. Further, the CPU 114 includes an absorbance calculation unit 1141, a dryness calculation unit 1142, a temperature estimation unit (ambient temperature estimation unit) 1143, and a failure determination unit 1144.

The pipe 101 is a pipe having heat resistance and flowing steam. Further, a window 1011 and a window 1012 are provided on the side wall of the pipe 101 shown in FIG. The window 1011 and the window 1012 are arranged to face each other. The windows 1011 and 1012 are sight glasses made of heat-resistant glass having light permeability, for example.
In addition, the flow pattern of the vapor | steam which the dryness measuring apparatus 1 is measuring object is a laminar flow and a wave-like flow, when the piping 101 is horizontal arrangement | positioning, and when the piping 101 is vertical arrangement | positioning, it is an annular flow. The following description will be made assuming that the pipe 101 is horizontally arranged, but the same applies to the case where the pipe 101 is vertically arranged.

  The light emitting element 102 emits inspection light having a wavelength that is absorbed by the saturated liquid. The inspection light is pulsed light. As the light emitting element 102, a light emitting diode or the like can be used.

  The light emitting element 103 emits reference light having a wavelength that is difficult to be absorbed by the wet steam with respect to the inspection light emitted by the light emitting element 102. The reference light is pulsed light. The light emitting element 103 is disposed around the light emitting element 102. As the light emitting element 103, a light emitting diode or the like can be used.

Note that the distance between the pipe 101 and the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 is set to be within a certain range. The certain range is a range in which the ambient temperature T _L of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 changes with the vapor temperature T _s inside the pipe 101.

The drive circuit 104 drives the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103. In addition, the drive circuit 104 outputs a synchronization signal for separating a signal indicating the light intensity of the inspection light and a signal indicating the light intensity of the reference light to the signal amplification / separation circuit 111. As the drive circuit 104, a constant current drive circuit or a constant voltage drive circuit can be used.
Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the drive circuit 104 has a temperature sensor (ambient temperature measurement unit) 1041. The temperature sensor 1041 measures the ambient temperature _TL of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103.

  The optical waveguide 105 propagates the inspection light emitted by the light emitting element 102 to the optical multiplexer 107. One end of the optical waveguide 105 is disposed to face the output portion of the light emitting element 102, and the other end is disposed to face the input portion of the optical multiplexer 107.

  The optical waveguide 106 propagates the reference light emitted from the light emitting element 103 to the optical multiplexer 107. One end of the optical waveguide 106 is disposed to face the output portion of the light emitting element 103, and the other end is disposed to face the input portion of the optical multiplexer 107.

  The optical multiplexer 107 multiplexes the inspection light propagated by the optical waveguide 105 and the reference light propagated by the optical waveguide 106.

  The optical waveguide 108 propagates the light (inspection light and reference light) combined by the optical multiplexer 107 to the pipe 101. One end of the optical waveguide 108 is disposed to face the output portion of the optical multiplexer 107, and the other end is disposed to face the outer surface of the window 1011 provided in the pipe 101. A collimator lens may be disposed between the other end of the optical waveguide 108 and the outer surface of the window 1011.

  One end of the optical waveguide 109 is disposed opposite to the other end of the optical waveguide 108 via the pipe 101, and propagates light from the inside of the pipe 101 to the light receiving element 110. The optical waveguide 109 has one end opposed to the outer surface of the window 1012 provided in the pipe 101 and the other end opposed to the input portion of the light receiving element 110. Further, a lens that allows light from the inside of the pipe 101 to enter the optical waveguide 109 may be disposed between one end of the optical waveguide 109 and the outer surface of the window 1012.

  The optical waveguide 105, the optical waveguide 106, the optical waveguide 108, and the optical waveguide 109 are made of a single core optical fiber made of plastic such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or glass such as quartz glass. A single-core optical fiber or the like can be used, but is not limited to this as long as it can propagate light.

  The light receiving element 110 receives light (inspection light and reference light) propagated through the optical waveguide 109. The light receiving element 110 outputs a signal corresponding to the light intensity of the received light. As the light receiving element 110, a light intensity detecting element such as a photodiode can be used.

  The signal amplifying / separating circuit 111 amplifies the signal output from the light receiving element 110, and based on the synchronization signal from the driving circuit 104, the amplified signal indicates a signal indicating the light intensity of the detection light and a light intensity of the reference light. Separated into signal. Each signal separated by the signal amplification / separation circuit 111 is output to the CPU 114.

The temperature sensor 112 measures the steam temperature T _s inside the pipe 101.

The calculation information storage unit 1131 stores information used in calculations performed by the CPU 114. The calculation information storage unit 1131, for example, information indicating the relationship between the absorbance A _s and the dryness z steam, the function f (T L for correcting the variation of the emission intensity of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element _103, T Information indicating _s ), information indicating the relationship between the ambient temperature T _L and the steam temperature T _s, and the like are stored.

Absorbance calculation section 1141 based on the light received by the light receiving element 110, and calculates the absorbance A _s of the steam flowing through the pipe 101.
Dryness fraction calculating unit 1142, the absorbance of the vapor is calculated by the absorbance calculation section 1141 _{A s,} the peripheral measured by the temperature sensor 1041 temperature _{T L,} and, based on the steam temperature _{T s} which is measured by the temperature sensor 112, The dryness z of the steam flowing through the pipe 101 is calculated.

The temperature estimation unit 1143 estimates the ambient temperature T _L of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 based on the vapor temperature T _s measured by the temperature sensor 112.
The defect determination unit 1144 determines the presence or absence of a defect by comparing the ambient temperature _TL measured by the temperature sensor 1041 with the ambient temperature _TL estimated by the temperature estimation unit 1143.
Note that the temperature estimation unit 1143 and the failure determination unit 1144 are not essential components, and may be removed from the dryness measuring apparatus 1.

The input device 115 accepts user input of information stored in the calculation information storage unit 1131. As the input device 115, a switch, a keyboard, and the like can be used.
The output device 116 outputs information indicating the dryness z calculated by the dryness calculation unit 1142. As the output device 116, a light indicator, a digital indicator, a liquid crystal display device, or the like can be used.
The program storage device 117 stores a program for causing the CPU 114 to execute data transmission / reception between devices connected to the CPU 114.
The temporary storage device 118 temporarily stores data in the calculation process of the CPU 114.

Next, a method for calculating the dryness z by the dryness measuring apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2, under standard atmospheric pressure, water reaches a boiling point (100 ° C.) and then becomes wet steam in which saturated steam (steam) and saturated liquid (water) are mixed. When the steam pressure P is constant, the saturation temperature is constant because the latent heat changes due to the heating and cooling of the steam. Here, as in the following formula (1), the dryness z is represented by the mass ratio of saturated steam to the total amount of wet steam. Therefore, the dryness z of saturated steam is 1, and the dryness z of saturated liquid is 0.
z = m _vapor / (m _vapor + m _water ) (1)
In formula (1), m _vapor represents the mass of the saturated _vapor in the vapor, and m _water represents the mass of the saturated liquid in the vapor.

Here, the mass m _vapor of the saturated vapor in the _vapor is proportional to the absorbance a _vapor of the saturated vapor in the _vapor . Further, the mass m _water of the saturated liquid in the vapor is proportional to the absorbance a _water of the saturated liquid in the vapor. Therefore, the following formula (2) is derived from the formula (1).
z = m _vapor / (m _vapor + m _water )
= A _vapor / (a _vapor + k × a _water ) (2)
In the formula (2), k represents a molar extinction coefficient ratio.

The molar extinction coefficient ratio k is given by the following formula (3).
k ≒ e _vapor / e _water (3)
In equation (3), e _vapor represents the extinction coefficient of the saturated _vapor in the vapor, and e _water represents the extinction coefficient of the saturated liquid in the vapor.

Also, the absorbance _{A s} of the vapor, as in the following equation (4) is given by the sum of the absorbance _{a water} saturated solution of absorbance _{a Vapor} and vapor of the saturated vapor in the vapor.
A _s = a _vapor + a _water (4)

On the other hand, the absorbance A _s ′ of the vapor can be obtained using the inspection light. The absorbance A _s ′ of the vapor is transmitted through the vapor with respect to the light intensity I _steam0 of the inspection light before the vapor is transmitted or when there is no vapor, according to Lambert Beer's law, as shown in the following formula (5). _{Is obtained} as a logarithm of the ratio of the light intensity I _steam1 of the inspection light.
A _s ′ = −ln (I _steam1 / I _steam0 ) (5)

As shown in FIG. 3, unlike the absorption spectrum 301 of saturated vapor and the absorption spectrum 302 of saturated liquid, the absorption spectrum 302 of saturated liquid in the steam changes when the dryness z of the steam changes. For example, the content of the saturated liquid in the vapor as dryness of z varies toward 0 to 1 due to the reduced, also reduced the absorbance A _s of the vapor at the peak wavelength of the absorption spectrum 302 of saturated liquid. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 303 denotes a vapor absorption spectrum. The peak wavelength of the absorption spectrum 302 of the saturated liquid is around 1880 nm.
In wet steam, the volume of saturated steam is much larger than the volume of saturated liquid. Therefore, the absorbance _{a Vapor} saturated steam if the steam temperature _{T s} (or pressure P) is constant can be regarded as constant, that guide the absorbance _{a Vapor} saturated steam from the steam temperature _{T s} (or pressure P) it can.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, a part of the inspection light 304 that has entered the inside of the pipe 101 from the dryness measuring apparatus 1 is reflected by a laminar flow or a wave-like flow of saturated liquid inside the pipe 101. The inspection light 304 is lost due to scattering, refraction, and the like. Even when the window 1011 and the window 1012 provided in the pipe 101 are dirty, a part of the inspection light 304 is lost. Therefore, minute these losses, the absorbance A _s of the vapor is calculated using an inspection light 304 _'is offset from the absorbance A _s of steam. Therefore, the absorbance A _r of was calculated using the reference beam 306 vapor, to correct the loss of the inspection light 304 due to contamination or the like of the reflection, scattering and refraction, as well as the window 1011 and window 1012. In FIG. 3, light 307 indicates light of the reference light 306 that is reflected, scattered, refracted, or the like by the laminar flow or wave flow of the saturated liquid inside the pipe 101. In FIG. 3, the width of light 304 to 307 represents the intensity of light intensity.

Here, the absorbance A _r of the steam, by the Lambert-Beer law, as in the following equation (6), the reference light in the absence of a prior or vapor passes through the vapor to light intensity I _ref0, steam It is given by the logarithm of the ratio of the light intensity I _ref1 of the reference light after passing through.
A _r = −ln (I _ref1 / I _ref0 ) (6)

Then, as in the following equation (7), from the absorbance A _s' of the calculated steam using the inspection light, subtracting the absorbance A _r of the vapor is calculated using the reference light. Thus, reflection in the interior of the pipe 101, can be corrected loss of the inspection light due to contamination or the like of scattering and refraction, as well as the window 1011 and window 1012, it is possible to obtain the absorbance A _s of steam.
A _s = A _s ' −A _r (7)

The dryness z is also derived from the formula (2) and the formula (4) as in the following formula (8).
z = 1 / (1−k + (k / a _vapor ) × A _s × f (T _L , T _s )) (8)
In Expression (8), f (T _L , T _s ) is a function having the ambient temperature T _L and the vapor temperature T _s as variables, and corrects changes in the light emission intensity of the light emitting elements 102 and 103. Is a function for This function f (T _L , T _s ) can be obtained in advance by measuring the light emission intensity of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 while changing the ambient temperature T _L and the vapor temperature T _s .

In the formula (8), the molar extinction coefficient ratio k is a constant. Further, as described above, the absorbance a _vapor of the saturated _vapor can be regarded as constant under a constant vapor temperature T _s (or a constant pressure P), so the absorbance a _vapor of the saturated _vapor is _equal to the vapor temperature T _s (or the pressure P ) Can be derived from. Therefore, by calculating the vapor absorbance _{A s} and function _{f (T} L, _{T s),} it can be calculated dryness of z from Equation (8).

  Here, in the conventional dryness measuring apparatus, the inspection light and the reference light emitted by the two light emitting elements are monitored, and based on the light. The dryness z is corrected. This method complicates the structure of the dryness measuring apparatus and requires a special optical fiber and light receiving element for monitoring.

On the other hand, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the light emission intensity of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 depends on the forward voltage _VL of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the forward voltage _{V L} of the light emitting element 102 and the light-emitting element 103 depends on the ambient temperature _{T L} of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103. Note that the emission intensity shown in FIG. 4 indicates the rate of change from the reference value. In addition, the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 are disposed near the pipe 101, and the ambient temperature _TL of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 depends on the vapor temperature T _s inside the pipe 101. That is, the light emission intensity of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 is affected by the ambient temperature _TL of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103. It can also be said that the light emission intensities of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 are affected by the vapor temperature T _s inside the pipe 101. Note that the steam temperature T _s inside the pipe 101 is about 150 ° C. In addition, this steam temperature T _s is measured as an essential factor in a conventional dryness measuring apparatus.
Therefore, the dryness measuring apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1 measures the ambient temperature T _L and the vapor temperature T _s , and changes in the emission intensity (function f) of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 based on the measurement results. (T _L , T _s )) is estimated, and the dryness z is corrected according to the change. Accordingly, it is possible to correct the dryness z based on the change in the light emission intensity of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 with a simple structure compared to the conventional structure.

Next, an operation example of the dryness measuring apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
In the operation example of the dryness measuring apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1, as shown in FIG. 6, first, the light emitting element 102 emits inspection light having a wavelength that is absorbed by the saturated liquid (step ST601). The inspection light emitted by the light emitting element 102 propagates to the optical multiplexer 107 via the optical waveguide 105.
Here, the inspection light emitted by the light emitting element 102 is, for example, near infrared light having a wavelength region of 800 to 2500 nm. As shown in FIG. 3, the center wavelength of the inspection light 304 may be the peak wavelength (near 1880 nm) of the absorption spectrum 302 of the saturated liquid.

  In addition, the light emitting element 103 emits reference light having a wavelength that is difficult to be absorbed by the wet steam with respect to the inspection light emitted by the light emitting element 102 (step ST602). The reference light emitted from the light emitting element 103 propagates to the optical multiplexer 107 via the optical waveguide 106. Here, the wavelength that is difficult to be absorbed by the wet steam is, for example, a wavelength of less than 1300 nm (see FIG. 3).

  Note that driving of the light-emitting element 102 and the light-emitting element 103 is controlled by the drive circuit 104. In addition, the drive circuit 104 outputs a synchronization signal for separating a signal indicating the light intensity of the inspection light and a signal indicating the light intensity of the reference light to the signal amplification / separation circuit 111.

  Next, the optical multiplexer 107 multiplexes the inspection light propagated through the optical waveguide 105 and the reference light propagated through the optical waveguide 106 (step ST603). The light (inspection light and reference light) combined by the optical multiplexer 107 enters the pipe 101 through the optical waveguide 108, passes through the vapor flowing through the pipe 101, and then receives the light through the optical waveguide 109. Propagate to element 110.

Here, the inspection light contained in the light emitted from the other end of the optical waveguide 108 is absorbed by the saturated liquid in the vapor inside the pipe 101. Further, as described above, the saturated liquid in the steam decreases as the dryness z approaches 0 to 1. Therefore, as the dryness fraction z approaches from 0 to 1, the absorbance A _s of the vapor tends to decrease.

  A part of the light emitted from the other end of the optical waveguide 108 is reflected, scattered, refracted, etc. by the laminar flow or wave flow of the saturated liquid inside the pipe 101, and the light is lost. Also, when the window 1011 and the window 1012 provided in the pipe 101 are dirty, a part of the light is lost. Here, the loss amount of the inspection light due to the reflection, scattering, refraction, and dirt of the window 1011 and the window 1012 is substantially the same as the loss amount of the reference light.

  Next, the light receiving element 110 receives light (inspection light and reference light) propagated through the optical waveguide 109 (step ST604). The light receiving element 110 outputs a signal corresponding to the light intensity of the received light. The signal amplifying / separating circuit 111 amplifies the signal output from the light receiving element 110, and based on the synchronization signal from the driving circuit 104, the amplified signal is a signal indicating the light intensity of the detection light and the light intensity of the reference light. It separates into the signal which shows.

Further, the temperature sensor 1041 measures the ambient temperature _TL of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 (step ST605).
The temperature sensor 112 measures the steam temperature _{T s} of the inner pipe 101 (step ST606).

Then, the absorbance calculation section 1141, based on the light received by the light receiving element 110, and calculates the absorbance _{A s} of the steam flowing through the pipe 101 (step ST 607).

At this time, the absorbance calculation section 1141, first, the signal from the amplitude separating circuit 111, the signal and reference light intensity _{I ref1} (measured value showing the light intensity _{I steam1} (measured value) of the inspection light received by the light receiving element 110 ) Is received.
Next, the absorbance calculation unit 1141 calculates the absorbance A _s ′ of the vapor according to, for example, the equation (5) based on the light intensity I _steam1 of the inspection light. Note that a value measured in advance may be used as a constant for the light intensity I _steam0 of the inspection light before passing through the steam or when the steam is not flowing through the pipe 101.

Similarly, the absorbance calculation section 1141, based on the reference light intensity _{I ref1,} for example in accordance with Equation (6), to calculate the absorbance _{A r} of the steam. Note that the light intensity I _ref0 of the reference light before passing through the steam or when the steam is not flowing through the pipe 101 may use a value measured in advance as a constant.

Next, the absorbance calculation section 1141, for example, according to Equation (7), by subtracting the absorbance A _r of the vapor is calculated using the absorbance A _s' of the calculated steam using the inspection light, the reference light, absorbance A _s is calculated.

Next, the dryness calculation unit 1142 is based on the vapor absorbance A _s calculated by the absorbance calculation unit 1141, the ambient temperature T _L measured by the temperature sensor 1041, and the vapor temperature T _s measured by the temperature sensor 112. Then, the dryness z of the steam flowing through the pipe 101 is calculated (step ST608).

At this time, the dryness degree calculation unit 1142, first, the absorbance calculation section 1141 receives the information indicating the absorbance _{A s} of steam. Further, the dryness calculating unit 1142 receives information indicating the ambient temperature T _L (measured value) from the temperature sensor 1041. In addition, the dryness calculation unit 1142 receives information indicating the steam temperature T _s (measured value) from the temperature sensor 112.

Next, the dryness calculation unit 1142 calculates a function f (T _L , T _s ) based on the ambient temperature T _L and the steam temperature T _s .
Next, the dryness calculating unit 1142, for example, with respect to formula (8), the value of the absorbance _{A s} of steam, calculated function _{f (T} L, _{T s)} by substituting the value of the dryness fraction z calculate. Note that the absorbance a _vapor of the saturated vapor in the equation (8) is derived from the vapor temperature T _s .

The temperature estimation unit 1143, based on the steam temperature _{T s} which is measured by the temperature sensor 112, to estimate the ambient temperature _{T L} of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 (step ST609). The relationship between the steam temperature T _s and the ambient temperature _TL can be obtained in advance by measuring the ambient temperature _TL while changing the steam temperature T _s , and the temperature estimation unit 1143 obtains this information. First, the ambient temperature _TL is estimated. For example, when the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 is disposed in the immediate vicinity of the pipe 101, the ambient temperature T _L is approximately proportional to the steam temperature T _s.

Then, fault determination unit 1144, is compared with the ambient temperature _{T L} which is estimated by the temperature estimation unit 1143 of the ambient temperature _{T L} measured by the temperature sensor 1041 determines the presence or absence of defects (step ST 610). Here, when the malfunction determination unit 1144 determines that the measured ambient temperature _TL is more than the threshold value with respect to the estimated ambient temperature _TL , a malfunction has occurred in the dryness measurement apparatus 1. Is determined.

  Here, in the dryness measuring apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment, the inspection light and the reference light are combined and then irradiated to the inside of the pipe 101 from the other end of the optical waveguide 108. Thereby, the optical path of the inspection light and the optical path of the reference light in the pipe 101 are almost the same. Here, when the optical path of the inspection light and the optical path of the reference light in the pipe 101 are different, the dryness z inside the pipe 101 may not be accurately measured. On the other hand, according to the dryness measuring apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1, the dryness z inside the pipe 101 can be accurately measured.

Also, the dryness fraction measuring device 1 according to the first embodiment, the light emission intensity of the light emitting element 102 and the light-emitting element 103 is estimated based on the ambient temperature T _L and steam temperature T _s, in accordance with the change of the emission intensity dryness The degree z is corrected. As a result, without using special optical fibers and light receiving elements for monitoring as in the prior art, the light emission intensity of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 can be reduced with respect to the dryness z regardless of the dryness z. Even when it changes, the dryness z can be corrected based on the change in the light emission intensity of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103, and the dryness z can be accurately measured.

Also, the dryness fraction measuring device 1 according to the first embodiment predicts the ambient temperature T _L based on steam temperature T _s. In this way, by modeling the influence on the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 due to the vapor temperature T _s, which has been conventionally measured by the dryness measuring apparatus 1, by incorporating the temperature prediction of the ambient temperature _TL. Predictive response is possible. Moreover, the degree of deviation between the measured ambient temperature T _L by the ambient temperature T _L and a temperature sensor 1041 that the predicted defect generation is predictable for the dryness measuring device 1.

In FIG. 1, a case where a light-transmitting window 1011 is provided in the pipe 101 and the other end of the optical waveguide 108 is disposed opposite to the outer surface of the window 1011 is shown. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the pipe 101 may not be provided with the window 1011, and the other end of the optical waveguide 108 may be passed through the side wall of the pipe 101.
1 shows the case where the other end of the optical waveguide 108 is disposed opposite to the outer surface of the window 1011. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the optical waveguide 108 is not used, and the output unit of the optical multiplexer 107 is the window 1011. It may be arranged opposite to the outer surface.

Further, FIG. 1 shows a case where the pipe 101 is provided with a light-transmitting window 1012 and one end of the optical waveguide 109 is disposed opposite to the outer surface of the window 1012. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the pipe 101 may not be provided with the window 1012, and one end of the optical waveguide 109 may be passed through the side wall of the pipe 101.
1 shows a case where one end of the optical waveguide 109 is disposed opposite to the outer surface of the window 1012. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the optical waveguide 109 is not used, and the input portion of the light receiving element 110 is disposed on the outer surface of the window 1012. It may be arranged oppositely.

  1 shows a transmissive configuration in which the optical waveguide 108 and the optical waveguide 109 are arranged to face each other, the present invention is not limited to this, and a reflective configuration may be used. In this case, instead of the window 1012, a reflector is disposed on the inner surface of the side wall of the pipe 101 that faces the window 1011. One end of the optical waveguide 109 is disposed opposite to the outer surface of the window 1011. In this case, the light propagated inside the pipe 101 by the optical waveguide 108 travels inside the pipe 101, is reflected by the reflecting plate, and propagates to the light receiving element 110 through the optical waveguide 109.

In the above description, the case where the dryness calculation unit 1142 calculates the absorbance a _vapor of saturated steam from the steam temperature T _s has been shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a pressure sensor (pressure measurement unit) that measures the pressure P inside the pipe 101 is added to the dryness measurement device 1, and the dryness calculation unit 1142 uses the pressure P measured by the pressure sensor. The absorbance a _vapor of the saturated vapor may be calculated.

In the above description, the temperature sensor 112 measures the steam temperature T _s . However, the measurement of the steam temperature T _s by the temperature sensor 112 is not essential, and the temperature sensor 112 may be removed from the dryness measuring apparatus 1.
In this case, the dryness calculation unit 1142 performs piping according to, for example, the following equation (9) based on the absorbance A _{s of the} vapor calculated by the absorbance calculation unit 1141 and the ambient temperature T _L measured by the temperature sensor 1041. The dryness z of the steam flowing through 101 is calculated.
z = 1 / (1-k + (k / a _vapor ) × A _s × f (T _L )) (9)
Note that in Expression (9), f (T _L ) is a function having the ambient temperature T _L as a variable, and is a function for correcting a change in light emission intensity of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103. This function f (T _L ) can be obtained in advance by measuring the light emission intensity of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 while changing the ambient temperature T _L.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the light emitting element 102 that emits the inspection light having the wavelength absorbed by the saturated liquid, and the inspection light emitted by the light emitting element 102 are absorbed by the wet steam. Light emitting element 103 that emits reference light having a difficult wavelength, light emitting element 102 and inspection light emitted by light emitting element 102 that is located within a certain range with respect to light emitting element 102 and light emitting element 103 and the light emitting element a pipe 101 that the emitted reference light is transmitted with the 103, the temperature sensor 1041 for measuring the light receiving element 110 for receiving the inspection light and the reference light transmitted through the pipe 101, the ambient temperature _{T L} of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 If, on the basis of the inspection light and the reference light is received by the light receiving element 110, the absorbance calculation section 1141 for calculating the absorbance a _s of the steam flowing through the pipe 101 Absorbance A _s of the steam which is calculated by the absorbance calculation section _1141, and, based on the ambient temperature T _L measured by the temperature sensor 1041, and a dryness fraction calculating unit 1142 for calculating the dryness fraction z of the steam flowing through the pipe 101 Since it is provided, the dryness z can be corrected based on the change in the light emission intensity of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 with a simple configuration.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the first embodiment, the case where the dryness z is corrected using the ambient temperature T _L and the steam temperature T _s has been described. On the other hand, as described above, the light emission intensities of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 depend on the forward voltage _VL of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103. Further, the forward voltage _{V L} of the light emitting element 102 and the light-emitting element 103 depends on the ambient temperature _{T L} of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103. Therefore, Embodiment 2 shows a case where the dryness z is corrected using the forward voltage V _L of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 instead of or in addition to the ambient temperature _TL .
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a dryness measuring apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the dryness measuring apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the drive circuit 104 is changed to the drive circuit 104b in comparison with the dryness measuring apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. The unit 1142 is changed to a dryness calculation unit 1142b. Other configurations are the same, and only the different parts are described with the same reference numerals.

The drive circuit 104 b drives the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103. In addition, the drive circuit 104b outputs a synchronization signal for separating the signal indicating the light intensity of the inspection light and the signal indicating the light intensity of the reference light to the signal amplification / separation circuit 111. As this drive circuit 104b, a constant current drive circuit, a constant voltage drive circuit, or the like can be used.
In addition, the drive circuit 104b includes a temperature sensor (ambient temperature measurement unit) 1041 and a voltage measurement unit 1042, as shown in FIG. The temperature sensor 1041 measures the ambient temperature _TL of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103. The voltage measuring unit 1042 measures the forward voltage _VL of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103.

Dryness fraction calculating unit 1142b the absorbance _{A s} of the steam which is calculated by the absorbance calculation section 1141, the forward voltage _{V L} measured by the voltage measuring unit 1042, the peripheral measured by the temperature sensor 1041 temperature _{T L,} and the temperature Based on the steam temperature T _s measured by the sensor 112, for example, the dryness z of the steam flowing through the pipe 101 is calculated according to the following equation (10).
z = 1 / (1−k + (k / a _vapor ) × A _s × f (V _L , T _L , T _s )) (10)
In Expression (10), f (V _L , T _L , T _s ) is a function having the forward voltage V _L , the ambient temperature T _L, and the vapor temperature T _s as variables, and the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 is a function for correcting a change in the emission intensity 103. This function f (V _L , T _L , T _s ) measures in advance the light emission intensity of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 while changing the forward voltage V _L , the ambient temperature T _L and the vapor temperature T _s in advance. Can be obtained.

In the above description, the temperature sensor 1041 measures the ambient temperature _TL . However, the measurement of the ambient temperature _TL by the temperature sensor 1041 is not essential, and the temperature sensor 1041 may be removed from the dryness measuring apparatus 1.
In this case, the dryness fraction calculating unit 1142b, the absorbance of the vapor is calculated by the absorbance calculation section 1141 _{A s,} a forward voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit 1042 _{V L,} and the steam temperature T measured by the temperature sensor 112 Based on _s , for example, the dryness z of the steam flowing through the pipe 101 is calculated according to the following equation (11).
z = 1 / (1−k + (k / a _vapor ) × A _s × f (V _L , T _s )) (11)
In Expression (11), f (V _L , T _s ) is a function having the forward voltage V _L and the vapor temperature T _s as variables, and corrects the change in the emission intensity of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103. It is a function to do. This function f (V _L , T _s ) can be obtained in advance by measuring the light emission intensity of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 while changing the forward voltage V _L and the vapor temperature T _s .

In the above, it shows the case where the temperature sensor 1041 measures the surrounding temperature _{T L,} the temperature sensor 112 measures the steam temperature _{T s.} However, the measurement of the ambient temperature T _L by the temperature sensor 1041 and the measurement of the vapor temperature T _s by the temperature sensor 112 are not essential, and the temperature sensor 1041 and the temperature sensor 112 may be removed from the dryness measuring apparatus 1.
In this case, the dryness degree calculation unit 1142b the absorbance _{A s} of the steam which is calculated by the absorbance calculation section 1141, and, based on the forward voltage _{V L} measured by the voltage measuring unit 1042, for example according to the following equation (12) The dryness z of the steam flowing through the pipe 101 is calculated.
z = 1 / (1-k + (k / a _vapor ) × A _s × f (V _L )) (12)
Note that in Expression (12), f (V _L ) is a function having the forward voltage V _L as a variable, and is a function for correcting a change in light emission intensity of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103. This function f (V _L ) can be obtained in advance by measuring the light emission intensity of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 while changing the forward voltage V _L.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, the light emitting element 102 that emits the inspection light having the wavelength absorbed by the saturated liquid, and the inspection light emitted by the light emitting element 102 are absorbed by the wet steam. Light emitting element 103 that emits reference light having a difficult wavelength, light emitting element 102 and inspection light emitted by light emitting element 102 that is located within a certain range with respect to light emitting element 102 and light emitting element 103 and the light emitting element The pipe 101 through which the reference light emitted by the light source 103 is transmitted, the light receiving element 110 that receives the inspection light and the reference light transmitted through the pipe 101, and the voltage measurement that measures the forward voltage _VL of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103. a Department 1042, based on the inspection light and the reference light received by the light receiving element 110, the absorbance calculation section 1141 for calculating the absorbance _{a s} of the steam flowing through the pipe 101 Absorbance A _s of the steam which is calculated by the absorbance calculation section _1141, and, based on the forward voltage V _L measured by the voltage measuring unit 1042, the dryness calculating unit for calculating a dryness fraction z of the steam flowing through the pipe 101 Even if 1142b is provided, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
In the first embodiment, the case where the dryness z is corrected using the ambient temperature T _L and the steam temperature T _s has been described. On the other hand, the third embodiment shows a case where the dryness z is corrected using the ambient temperature _TL and the forward voltage _VL .
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of the dryness measuring apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In the dryness measuring apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the temperature sensor 112 is removed from the dryness measuring apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and the drive circuit 104 is replaced with the drive circuit 104c. The dryness calculation unit 1142 is changed to a dryness calculation unit 1142c, the temperature estimation unit 1143 is changed to a temperature estimation unit 1143c, and the failure determination unit 1144 is changed to a failure determination unit 1144c. Other configurations are the same, and only the different parts are described with the same reference numerals.

The drive circuit 104 c drives the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103. In addition, the drive circuit 104c outputs a synchronization signal for separating a signal indicating the light intensity of the inspection light and a signal indicating the light intensity of the reference light to the signal amplification / separation circuit 111. A constant current drive circuit or a constant voltage drive circuit can be used as the drive circuit 104c.
The drive circuit 104c includes a temperature sensor (ambient temperature measurement unit) 1041 and a voltage measurement unit 1042, as shown in FIG. The temperature sensor 1041 measures the ambient temperature _TL of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103. The voltage measuring unit 1042 measures the forward voltage _VL of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103.

Dryness fraction calculating unit 1142c is based absorbance _{A s} of the steam which is calculated by the absorbance calculation section 1141, the order was determined by the voltage measuring unit 1042 direction voltage _{V L,} and the ambient temperature _{T L} measured by the temperature sensor 1041 Thus, for example, according to the following equation (13), the dryness z of the steam flowing through the pipe 101 is calculated.
z = 1 / (1−k + (k / a _vapor ) × A _s × f (V _L , T _L )) (13)
In Expression (13), f (V _L , T _L ) is a function having the forward voltage V _L and the ambient temperature T _L as variables, and corrects changes in the light emission intensity of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103. It is a function to do. This function f (V _L , T _L ) can be obtained in advance by measuring the light emission intensity of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103 while changing the forward voltage V _L and the ambient temperature T _L.

Temperature estimation unit 1143c, based on the forward voltage _{V L} measured by the voltage measuring unit 1042 estimates the ambient temperature _{T L} of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103.
Fault determination unit 1144c, by comparison with ambient temperature _{T L} of the ambient temperature _{T L} that is measured is estimated by the temperature estimation unit 1143c by the temperature sensor 1041 determines the presence or absence of defects. The defect determination method by defect determination unit 1144c is the same as the defect determination method by defect determination unit 1144 in the first embodiment.
The temperature estimation unit 1143c and the defect determination unit 1144c are not essential components, and may be removed from the dryness measuring apparatus 1.

As described above, according to the third embodiment, the light emitting element 102 that emits the inspection light having the wavelength absorbed by the saturated liquid, and the inspection light emitted by the light emitting element 102 are absorbed by the wet steam. Light emitting element 103 that emits reference light having a difficult wavelength, light emitting element 102 and inspection light emitted by light emitting element 102 that is located within a certain range with respect to light emitting element 102 and light emitting element 103 and the light emitting element The pipe 101 through which the reference light emitted by the light source 103 is transmitted, the light receiving element 110 that receives the inspection light and the reference light transmitted through the pipe 101, and the voltage measurement that measures the forward voltage _VL of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103. a Department 1042, a temperature sensor 1041 for measuring the ambient temperature _{T L} of the light emitting element 102 and the light emitting element 103, the inspection light and the reference received by the light receiving element 110 Based on a absorbance calculation section 1141 for calculating the absorbance _{A s} of the steam flowing through the pipe 101, the absorbance absorbance _{A s} of the steam which is calculated by the calculation unit 1141, the forward voltage _V L measured by the voltage measuring unit 1042, Even if the dryness calculation unit 1142c that calculates the dryness z of the steam flowing through the pipe 101 is provided based on the ambient temperature _TL measured by the temperature sensor 1041, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. It is done.

  In the present invention, within the scope of the invention, any combination of the embodiments, or any modification of any component in each embodiment, or omission of any component in each embodiment is possible. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dryness measuring apparatus 101 Piping 102 Light emitting element (inspection light emitting element)
103 Light Emitting Element (Reference Light Emitting Element)
104, 104b, 104c Drive circuit 105 Optical waveguide 106 Optical waveguide 107 Optical multiplexer 108 Optical waveguide 109 Optical waveguide 110 Light receiving element 111 Signal amplification separation circuit 112 Temperature sensor (vapor temperature measuring section)
113 Data storage device 114 CPU
115 Input Device 116 Output Device 117 Program Storage Device 118 Temporary Storage Device 1011 Window 1012 Window 1041 Temperature Sensor (Ambient Temperature Measurement Unit)
1042 Voltage measurement unit 1131 Calculation information storage unit 1141 Absorbance calculation unit 1142, 1142b, 1142c Dryness calculation unit 1143, 1143c Temperature estimation unit (ambient temperature estimation unit)
1144, 114b, 1144c Defect determination unit

Claims (12)

An inspection light emitting element that emits inspection light having a wavelength absorbed by the saturated liquid;
A reference light emitting element that emits reference light having a wavelength that is difficult to be absorbed by wet steam with respect to the inspection light emitted by the inspection light emitting element;
The inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element are located within a certain range, the vapor flows, and the inspection light emitted by the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitted by the reference light emitting element are Permeate piping,
A light receiving element for receiving inspection light and reference light transmitted through the pipe;
An ambient temperature measuring unit for measuring ambient temperatures of the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element;
Based on the inspection light and the reference light received by the light receiving element, an absorbance calculation unit that calculates the absorbance of the vapor flowing through the pipe;
A dryness degree provided with a dryness calculation unit that calculates the dryness of the steam flowing through the pipe based on the absorbance of the vapor calculated by the absorbance calculation unit and the ambient temperature measured by the ambient temperature measurement unit measuring device. A steam temperature measuring unit for measuring the steam temperature inside the pipe;
The dryness calculation unit is configured based on the absorbance of the vapor calculated by the absorbance calculation unit, the ambient temperature measured by the ambient temperature measurement unit, and the steam temperature measured by the steam temperature measurement unit. The dryness measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the dryness of the steam flowing through is calculated. Based on the vapor temperature measured by the vapor temperature measurement unit, an ambient temperature estimation unit that estimates the ambient temperature of the inspection light-emitting element and the reference light-emitting element,
3. A failure determination unit that determines whether or not there is a defect by comparing the ambient temperature measured by the ambient temperature measurement unit with the ambient temperature estimated by the ambient temperature estimation unit. Described dryness measuring device. An inspection light emitting element that emits inspection light having a wavelength absorbed by the saturated liquid;
A reference light emitting element that emits reference light having a wavelength that is difficult to be absorbed by wet steam with respect to the inspection light emitted by the inspection light emitting element;
The inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element are located within a certain range, the vapor flows, and the inspection light emitted by the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitted by the reference light emitting element are Permeate piping,
A light receiving element for receiving inspection light and reference light transmitted through the pipe;
A voltage measuring unit for measuring a forward voltage of the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element;
Based on the inspection light and the reference light received by the light receiving element, an absorbance calculation unit that calculates the absorbance of the vapor flowing through the pipe;
The dryness degree provided with the dryness degree calculation part which calculates the dryness degree of the steam which flows through the piping based on the light absorbency of the vapor computed by the light absorbency calculation part, and the forward voltage measured by the voltage measurement part measuring device. A steam temperature measuring unit for measuring the steam temperature inside the pipe;
The dryness calculation unit is configured to calculate the pipe based on the absorbance of the vapor calculated by the absorbance calculation unit, the forward voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit, and the vapor temperature measured by the vapor temperature measurement unit. The dryness measurement apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the dryness of the steam flowing through is calculated. An ambient temperature measuring unit for measuring ambient temperatures of the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element;
The dryness calculation unit includes the absorbance of the vapor calculated by the absorbance calculation unit, the forward voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit, the ambient temperature measured by the ambient temperature measurement unit, and the vapor temperature measurement unit. The dryness measuring apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the dryness of the steam flowing through the pipe is calculated based on the steam temperature measured by the method. Based on the vapor temperature measured by the vapor temperature measurement unit, an ambient temperature estimation unit that estimates the ambient temperature of the inspection light-emitting element and the reference light-emitting element,
7. A failure determination unit that determines the presence or absence of a failure by comparing the ambient temperature measured by the ambient temperature measurement unit with the ambient temperature estimated by the ambient temperature estimation unit. Described dryness measuring device. An inspection light emitting element that emits inspection light having a wavelength absorbed by the saturated liquid;
A reference light emitting element that emits reference light having a wavelength that is difficult to be absorbed by wet steam with respect to the inspection light emitted by the inspection light emitting element;
The inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element are located within a certain range, the vapor flows, and the inspection light emitted by the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitted by the reference light emitting element are Permeate piping,
A light receiving element for receiving inspection light and reference light transmitted through the pipe;
A voltage measuring unit for measuring a forward voltage of the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element;
An ambient temperature measuring unit for measuring ambient temperatures of the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element;
Based on the inspection light and the reference light received by the light receiving element, an absorbance calculation unit that calculates the absorbance of the vapor flowing through the pipe;
Based on the absorbance of the vapor calculated by the absorbance calculation unit, the forward voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit, and the ambient temperature measured by the ambient temperature measurement unit, the dryness of the steam flowing through the pipe is determined. A dryness measuring apparatus comprising: a dryness calculating unit for calculating. Based on the forward voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit, an ambient temperature estimating unit that estimates the ambient temperature of the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element,
9. A failure determination unit that determines the presence or absence of a failure by comparing the ambient temperature measured by the ambient temperature measurement unit with the ambient temperature estimated by the ambient temperature estimation unit. Described dryness measuring device. An inspection light emitting element that emits inspection light having a wavelength that is absorbed by the saturated liquid, and a reference light that emits reference light having a wavelength that is difficult to be absorbed by wet steam with respect to the inspection light emitted by the inspection light emitting element. The light emitting element is positioned within a certain range with respect to the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element, vapor flows, and the inspection light emitted by the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element emit light. A pipe through which the reference light is transmitted, a light receiving element that receives the inspection light and the reference light transmitted through the pipe, and an ambient temperature measurement unit that measures the ambient temperature of the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element. A dryness measuring method using a dryness measuring device,
The absorbance calculation unit calculates the absorbance of the vapor flowing through the pipe based on the inspection light and the reference light received by the light receiving element,
The dryness calculating unit calculates the dryness of the steam flowing through the pipe based on the absorbance of the vapor calculated by the absorbance calculating unit and the ambient temperature measured by the ambient temperature measuring unit. How to measure dryness. An inspection light emitting element that emits inspection light having a wavelength that is absorbed by the saturated liquid, and a reference light that emits reference light having a wavelength that is difficult to be absorbed by wet steam with respect to the inspection light emitted by the inspection light emitting element. The light emitting element is positioned within a certain range with respect to the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element, vapor flows, and the inspection light emitted by the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element emit light. A pipe through which the reference light is transmitted, a light receiving element that receives the inspection light and the reference light transmitted through the pipe, and a voltage measuring unit that measures a forward voltage of the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element. A dryness measuring method using a dryness measuring device,
The absorbance calculation unit calculates the absorbance of the vapor flowing through the pipe based on the inspection light and the reference light received by the light receiving element,
The dryness calculation unit calculates the dryness of the steam flowing through the pipe based on the absorbance of the vapor calculated by the absorbance calculation unit and the forward voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit. How to measure dryness. An inspection light emitting element that emits inspection light having a wavelength that is absorbed by the saturated liquid, and a reference light that emits reference light having a wavelength that is difficult to be absorbed by wet steam with respect to the inspection light emitted by the inspection light emitting element. The light emitting element is positioned within a certain range with respect to the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element, vapor flows, and the inspection light emitted by the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element emit light. A pipe through which the reference light is transmitted, a light receiving element that receives the inspection light and the reference light transmitted through the pipe, a voltage measuring unit that measures a forward voltage of the inspection light emitting element and the reference light emitting element, A dryness measuring method by a dryness measuring device comprising an inspection light emitting element and an ambient temperature measuring unit for measuring the ambient temperature of the reference light emitting element,
The absorbance calculation unit calculates the absorbance of the vapor flowing through the pipe based on the inspection light and the reference light received by the light receiving element,
The dryness calculation unit is configured to connect the pipe based on the absorbance of the vapor calculated by the absorbance calculation unit, the forward voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit, and the ambient temperature measured by the ambient temperature measurement unit. A dryness measuring method characterized by calculating dryness of flowing steam.

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