JP2019042169A - Manufacturing method of cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a manufacturing method of a cutter capable of not only forming a complicated disorder pattern on a blade surface but also forming a disorder pattern up to an edge part of a cutting edge large an inclination angle even in a thick cutter such as scissors.SOLUTION: A manufacturing method of a cutter having a complicated pattern on a blade surface, adopts a process of including: a step of forming a plurality of recessed parts where an intermediate layer is exposed to an inner surface by executing irregularity processing by cutting to a surface of a plate-like multilayer metal plate formed by integrally laminating dissimilar metals; a step of molding the multilayer metal plate subjected to this irregularity processing, into a sword body shape having an inclined plane by hot or warm die-forging, and flattening the surface formed with the recessed parts; and a step of forming a cutting edge by grinding-processing the inclined plane of the multilayer metal plate molded into this sword body shape.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention is an improvement of the method of manufacturing the blade, and in particular, it can not only form a complicated disordered pattern (damascus pattern) on the blade surface, but also forms a disordered pattern up to the cutting edge on the cutting edge surface even with thick blades such as scissors. The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a blade that can be used.

  In recent years, knives having complicated disordered patterns on the blade surface are known as high-quality knives excellent in decorativeness and sharpness, and there are many demands at home and abroad. Moreover, as a manufacturing method of this kind of blade, the method of forming a pattern by apply | coating a corrosive liquid to the surface of the masked multilayer metal plate, and removing the metal layer by the side of a surface (for example, refer to patent documents 1) It has been known.

  However, in the method of forming a disordered pattern on the blade surface by the etching process, the concave portion formed on the blade surface remains as it is, so that not only the cutting edge surface is easily damaged due to the large unevenness formed on the cutting blade surface Since a large recessed portion can not be formed in the blade edge portion, there is a disadvantage that the portion where the pattern can be formed is limited to the belly portion other than the blade edge.

  Therefore, the applicant of the present invention has previously performed concavo-convex processing by pressing or forging on the surface of the multilayer metal plate as a method of forming a disordered pattern on the surface of the blade previously, and then the multilayer is subjected to the concavo-convex processing We have developed a method of forming a pattern by grinding the surface of a metal plate and scraping the surface layer (see Patent Documents 2 to 4), and have also filed patent applications.

  However, regarding the above-mentioned conventional method, in the case of a relatively thin blade, since the inclination angle of the cutting edge is small, a complicated pattern can be formed on the cutting blade after grinding, but it is relatively thick such as scissors In the case of the cutter, there is a problem that the pattern can not be formed up to the cutting edge side of the cutting blade because the inclination angle of the cutting blade becomes large.

JP 2005-249961 A JP 10-11853 A JP, 2011-161064, A JP, 2012-192163, A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the object of the present invention is not only to form a complicated disordered pattern on the blade surface, but also to use a thick blade such as scissors, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a cutting tool capable of forming a disordered pattern up to the cutting edge portion of a large cutting edge.

  The means employed by the inventor for solving the above problems will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  That is, according to the present invention, in the method of manufacturing a blade having a complicated pattern on the blade surface, the surface of a flat plate-like multi-layer metal plate formed by laminating and integrating dissimilar metals is roughened by cutting, Forming a plurality of recessed portions in which the layer is exposed; forming the multi-layered metal plate subjected to the concavo-convex processing into a blade shape having an inclined surface by hot or warm die forging; and the recessed portions are formed The method comprises the steps of: planarizing the surface; and grinding the inclined surface of the multi-layered metal plate formed into the blade shape to form a cutting edge.

  Further, in the present invention, in order to suppress the problem of fogging during the above-described forging, at least a part of the longitudinal cross-sectional shape forms an arc-shaped or V-shaped recess with respect to the surface of the multilayer metal plate. Is preferred.

  As described above, when forming a recess having an arc-shaped or V-shaped longitudinal cross-section on the surface of the multilayer metal plate during concavo-convex processing, the cross-sectional shape of the recess is hemispherical or conical. Is more preferable in suppressing

  Further, in the present invention, while forming the concave portion by cutting three or more layers of the multilayer metal plate at the time of the above-mentioned concavo-convex processing, forging by suppressing the cutting depth of the concave portion to 20% or less of the entire thickness of the multilayer metal plate. A complex disordered pattern can be formed while securing tolerable strength.

  The cutting depth of the recess is preferably 1 mm or less, and the thickness of the surface layer of the multilayer metal plate and the thickness of the intermediate layer exposed in the recess are preferably 0.01 to 0.2 mm.

  In the present invention, after forming the cutting edge on the multilayer metal plate, the entire cutting edge or at least a part of the cutting edge is immersed in the corrosive liquid, or the entire cutting edge or at least a part of the cutting edge is corroded. The sharpness of the blade can be improved by applying a liquid and performing an etching process to form fine irregularities on the surface of the cutting edge in which a plurality of metal layers appear as a pattern.

  On the other hand, in the present invention, in place of the above-described method of manufacturing the blade, the surface of a flat plate-like multi-layer metal plate formed by laminating different types of metals is unevenly processed by compression to form a plurality of recesses. And grinding the surface of the multi-layered metal plate subjected to the concavo-convex processing to planarize the surface; and tilting the multi-layered metal plate whose surface has been planarized by this grinding by hot forging or warm die forging It is also possible to employ a process including the steps of forming into a blade shape having a face; and grinding the inclined surface of the multilayer metal plate formed into the blade shape to form a cutting edge.

  In the present invention, after performing uneven processing by cutting on the surface of a flat plate-like multilayer metal plate in which dissimilar metal layers are integrally laminated, a blade shape having an inclined surface by performing hot forging or warm die forging Further, by forming the cutting edge by grinding the inclined surface after the forming, and forming a cutting edge, it is possible to form a complicated disordered pattern on the cutting edge even with a thick cutting edge such as scissors.

  In the present invention, after the surface of the flat multilayer metal plate is subjected to concavo-convex processing by compression, the concavo-convex surface is planarized by grinding, and the multilayer metal sheet is further subjected to hot forging or warm forging type The same effect as described above can also be obtained by forming into a blade shape having an inclined surface and grinding the inclined surface after this forming to form a cutting edge.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, even with relatively thick blades such as scissors, knives, and cutters for industrial machines, a disordered pattern can be formed on the cutting edge to improve the decorativeness and sharpness of the blades. The practical utility value of is extremely high.

It is process explanatory drawing showing the manufacturing process in Example 1 of this invention. It is a cross-sectional enlarged view and a microscope picture showing the uneven structure of the cutting blade surface formed by the etching process of this invention. It is process explanatory drawing showing the manufacturing process in Example 2 of this invention.

"Example 1"
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on FIG. In the same figure, what is indicated by the symbol P is a multilayer metal plate, and what is indicated by the symbol H is a recess. Further, what is indicated by a symbol M is a mold, and what is indicated by a symbol B is a burr portion. Also, what is indicated by the symbol E is a cutting blade.

"Method of manufacturing cutlery"
[1] Basic Process First, the basic process adopted in the present embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, as a first step of manufacturing the cutter, as shown in FIG. 1A, the surface of the flat multilayer metal plate P, which is a material of the cutter, is roughened by cutting (this embodiment) Then, drilling is performed to form a plurality of recesses H · H. At this time, the depth of the recess H is adjusted so that the intermediate layer of the multilayer metal plate P is exposed at least on the inner surface of the recess H.

  Next, as a second step, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the multi-layered metal plate P subjected to the above-mentioned concavo-convex processing is subjected to a hot forging with a mold M · M to perform a multi-layered metal plate P is formed into a blade shape having an inclined surface (in the present embodiment, a blade shape of scissors). At the same time, the surface of the multilayer metal plate P in which the recesses H · H... Are formed is planarized by die forging. Thereafter, the burrs B of the multilayer metal plate P generated by die forging are removed.

  Then, after removing the burrs B from the multilayer metal plate P, as a third step, as shown in FIG. 1 (c), grinding is performed on the inclined surface of the multilayer metal plate P formed into the blade shape. To form the cutting edge E. By following these basic steps, it is possible to form a complicated disordered pattern on the surface of the cutting edge E even with a thick scissors or the like.

  In addition, after forming the cutting edge on the multilayer metal plate P in the third step, as the fourth step, the cutting edge E can be immersed in a corrosive liquid to perform an etching process, thereby a plurality of metal layers The fine unevenness shown in FIG. 2 can be formed on the surface of the cutting edge E which appears as a pattern to improve the sharpness of the cutting tool. In addition, regarding this fine unevenness, it is formed when a crevice arises in the boundary part of a metal layer with early corrosion, and a slow metal layer.

[2] Multilayer Metal Plate Next, each element of the above-mentioned basic process will be described. First, with regard to the material of the multilayer metal plate P, in this embodiment, a clad metal obtained by alternately laminating two types of martensitic stainless steels different in the content ratio of carbon and chromium, and integrating them by hot rolling The material is not limited to this as long as different metals are laminated and integrated. Specifically, nickel, titanium, iron, aluminum, copper, silver, gold, platinum and the like can be used as metal materials other than stainless steel.

  Further, the number of metal materials used for the multilayer metal plate P is not limited to two as in the present embodiment, and three or more metal materials may be used. Further, in this embodiment, in order to form a disordered pattern also on the blade edge side, a clad metal having no core layer (thick metal layer) in the central portion is used, but one having a core layer is used. You can also. The number of metal layers constituting the multilayer metal plate P is preferably 20 or more in order to form a complicated disordered pattern and to form fine irregularities by etching.

  On the other hand, with regard to the thickness of the metal layer of the multilayer metal plate P, in the present embodiment, a clad metal having all the same thickness is used, but the thickness varies depending on the material of the metal layer and the position of the metal layer. It is also possible to use clad metal. The thickness of the surface layer of the multilayer metal plate P and the thickness of the intermediate layer exposed in the recess are 0.01 to 0.2 mm in thickness to form a complicated disordered pattern and to form fine irregularities by etching. It is preferable to do.

[3] Concavo-convex processing in the first step With regard to concavo-convex processing by cutting in the first step (removal of metal material), drilling is adopted in this embodiment, but cutting tools such as end mills etc. It is also possible to adopt a method other than machining using a method, specifically, a method of evaporating a metal by laser processing to form a recess (non-contact cutting) or corroding a metal layer by etching It is also possible to adopt a method (chemical cutting) for forming the recess.

  Further, the shape of the concave portion H formed in the multilayer metal plate P can also be a groove shape as well as the round hole shape as in this embodiment. With respect to the shape of the recess H, at least the longitudinal cross-section of a portion of the recess H so that the inner wall of the recess H is not crushed inward during the second step of forging and does not become fogging defects (pattern defects). The shape is preferably arc or V-shaped (more preferably, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the recess H is hemispherical or conical).

  Further, in the case of the above-mentioned concavo-convex processing, it is preferable to cut three or more layers of the metal layer of the multilayer metal plate P from the surface side so as to form a complicated disordered pattern. It is preferable to suppress the cutting depth of the recess H to 20% or less of the entire thickness of the multilayer metal plate P (more preferably, the cutting depth of the recess H is 1 mm or less).

  Further, in this embodiment, since the blade of the scissors is used as a blade, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), not only the surface but also the back surface of the multilayer metal plate P is processed by cutting asperity as shown in FIG. In the case of applications other than scissors blades such as knives, asperities will be described later, it is also possible to form asperities only on the surface forming the cutting edge.

[4] Forging in the second step With respect to the forging in the second step, in the present embodiment, the multilayer metal plate P is processed to have a scissors blade shape of scissors, The blade shape is not limited to this, and may be formed into a blade shape such as a knife other than scissors or a cutter for industrial machine. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the blade can be appropriately changed in accordance with the shape of the blade.

  The temperature conditions at the time of forging are in the range of 400 ° C. to 500 ° C. in the present embodiment, but the temperature conditions in the warm forging temperature range of stainless steel (200 ° C. to 850 ° C.) Can be changed as appropriate. Moreover, about the said forge processing, the hot forging performed on the temperature conditions more than the recrystallization temperature of material can also be employ | adopted, and in that case, forge processing can also be performed on temperature conditions 900 degreeC or more. In addition, since the temperature conditions of warm forging and hot forging differ depending on the metal material, they can be appropriately changed according to the material used for the multilayer metal plate P.

[5] Grinding in the third step With regard to the grinding in the third step, in this embodiment, in the form of a single-edged type provided with the cutting edge E on only one side so that it can be used as a scissors blade. Although the cutting edge E is formed, the cutting edge E can also be formed in the form of a double-edged type provided with the cutting edge E on both sides. When used as a blade of a knife or the like, the cutting edge E can also be formed in the form of a double-edged type in which the cutting edge E is formed at the side edges on both sides.

  Moreover, regarding the shape of the said cutting blade E, not only the flat shape like a present Example but the shape of a curved surface type | mold like a clam blade etc. can also be employ | adopted. Further, the shape of the cutting edge E may be a step blade type, in which case, after forming the cutting edge E by grinding, further forming small blades having different inclination angles on the cutting edge side of the cutting edge E can do.

[6] Etching Process of Fourth Step In the etching process of the fourth step, in the present embodiment, the entire cutting edge E is immersed in the corrosive liquid, but at least a part of the cutting edge E ( For example, the cutting edge portion may be immersed, or the entire cutting edge E or at least a part of the cutting edge E may be coated with a corrosive solution. Further, as to the corrosive solution, although hydrochloric acid is used in this embodiment, the type of the corrosive solution can be appropriately changed in accordance with the material used for the multilayer metal plate P.

  In the present embodiment, the etching process in the fourth step is performed not only on the surface of the multilayer metal plate P on which the cutting edge E is formed, but also on the reverse surface on the opposite side on which the disordered pattern is formed It is also against. Since fine unevenness can be formed also in the back side by this, the sharpness of scissors can be improved further.

  The effect of increasing the sharpness of the blade by the above-mentioned etching is the same principle as the technology according to Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-192163) cited as the prior art, and in the specification of Patent Document 3 (paragraph number A polishing process may be added after the etching process, if necessary, as described in [0032].

"Example 2"
"Method of manufacturing cutlery"
[1] Basic Steps A second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. First, the basic steps adopted in the present embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, as a first step of manufacturing the cutter, as shown in FIG. 3A, the surface of the flat plate-like multilayer metal plate P, which is the material of the cutter, is roughened by compression (this embodiment) In this case, a pressing process using a convex part-provided mold M is performed to form a plurality of concave parts H · H.

  Next, as a second step, as shown in FIG. 3B, the surface of the multilayer metal plate P subjected to the above-described concavo-convex processing is subjected to grinding to make the surface flat. Thereafter, as a third step, as shown in FIG. 3C, warm forging using a mold M · M is performed to form a blade having a multilayer metal plate P having an inclined surface (in the present embodiment) , Shape of scissors blade shape). Thereafter, the burrs B of the multilayer metal plate P generated by die forging are removed.

  Then, after removing the burrs B from the multilayer metal plate P, as a fourth step, grinding is performed on the inclined surface of the multilayer metal plate P formed into a blade shape as shown in FIG. 3D. Go and form the cutting edge E. By following these basic steps, it is possible to form a complicated disordered pattern on the surface of the cutting edge E, even with thick scissors or the like.

  In addition, after forming the cutting edge on the multilayer metal plate P in the fourth step, as the fifth step, the cutting edge E can be immersed in a corrosive liquid to perform an etching process, thereby a plurality of metal layers The fine unevenness shown in FIG. 2 can be formed on the surface of the cutting edge E which appears as a pattern to improve the sharpness of the cutting tool.

[2] Multilayer Metal Plate Next, each element of the above-mentioned basic process will be described. First, with regard to the material of the multilayer metal plate P, in this embodiment, a clad metal obtained by alternately laminating two types of martensitic stainless steels different in the content ratio of carbon and chromium, and integrating them by hot rolling The material is not limited to this as long as different metals are laminated and integrated. The conditions of the material of the multilayer metal plate P are the same as in the first embodiment.

[3] Concavo-convex processing by compression in the first step Further, regarding the concavo-convex processing by the compression in the first step, in the present embodiment, pressing is performed by pressing a flat mold. It is also possible to employ embossing in which an embossing roll having a portion is pressed against the surface of the multilayer metal plate P to form a recess H. In addition to the pressing, the recess H can also be formed by forging where the surface of the multilayer metal plate P is repeatedly hit with a die. Also in the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, both surfaces of the multilayer metal plate P are processed to be uneven by compression. The conditions of the shape and depth of the recess H are the same as in the first embodiment.

[4] Grinding in the second step With respect to the grinding in the second step, in the present embodiment, the surface of the multilayer metal plate P is scraped off with the same thickness to planarize the surface. A grinding process can also be performed so that the back surface becomes an inclined surface (or curved surface).

[5] Forging in the third step With regard to the forging in the third step, in the present embodiment, the multilayer metal plate P is processed to have a scissors blade shape, but the blade shape However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be formed into a blade shape such as a knife other than scissors or a cutter for industrial machine. The cross-sectional shape of the blade and the conditions of forging are the same as in the first embodiment.

[6] Grinding in the fourth step With regard to the grinding in the fourth step, in this embodiment, in the form of a single-edged type provided with the cutting edge E on only one side so that it can be used as a scissors blade. Although the cutting edge E is formed, the cutting edge E can also be formed in the form of a double-edged type provided with the cutting edge E on both sides. The conditions of the shape of the cutting edge E are the same as in the first embodiment.

[7] Etching Process of Fifth Step With regard to the etching process of the fifth step, in the present embodiment, the entire cutting edge E is immersed in the corrosive liquid, but at least a part of the cutting edge E It can be carried out by immersion, or it can be carried out by applying a corrosive solution to the whole cutting edge E or at least a part of the cutting edge E. Also in the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the etching process is performed on the back surface side of the multilayer metal plate P without the cutting edge E, whereby the sharpness of the scissors can be improved. The conditions of the corrosive solution are also the same as in the first embodiment.

  Although the present invention is generally configured as described above, the present invention is by no means limited to the illustrated embodiment, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the claims, for example, With regard to the type of blade, thick blades (scissors, knives, cutters for industrial machines, etc.) are easier to obtain the effects of the present invention, but adopting the manufacturing method of the present invention for relatively thin blades (such as kitchen knives) And all are within the scope of the present invention.

P Multilayer Metal Plate H Concave M Mold B Burr E Cutting Edge

Claims (8)

A method of manufacturing a blade having a complicated pattern on the blade surface, comprising:
The step of forming a plurality of concave portions in which the intermediate layer is exposed on the inner surface is performed on the surface of a flat plate-like multilayer metal plate in which dissimilar metals are integrally laminated and formed by cutting; Forming the multi-layered metal plate into a blade shape having an inclined surface by hot or warm die forging, and planarizing the surface on which the recess is formed; the multi-layered metal plate formed into the blade shape And c. Grinding the inclined surface to form a cutting edge.   2. The method for manufacturing a cutter according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the longitudinal cross-sectional shape forms a circular-arc-shaped or V-shaped recess on the surface of the multilayer metal plate at the time of concavo-convex processing.   The method of manufacturing a cutter according to claim 2, wherein a hemispherical or conical concave portion is formed on the surface of the multilayer metal plate at the time of the concavo-convex processing.   4. The concave portion is formed by cutting three or more layers of the multilayer metal plate at the time of concavo-convex processing, while suppressing the cutting depth of the concave portion to 20% or less of the entire thickness of the multilayer metal plate. The manufacturing method of the cutlery as described in one.   5. The method for manufacturing a cutter according to claim 4, wherein the cutting depth of the recess is 1 mm or less, and the thickness of each surface layer of the multilayer metal plate and each intermediate layer exposed in the recess is 0.01 to 0.2 mm. .   After forming the cutting edge in the multilayer metal plate, the entire cutting edge or at least a part of the cutting edge is immersed in the corrosive liquid, or the entire cutting edge or at least a part of the cutting edge is coated with the corrosive liquid and etched The method of manufacturing a cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: A method of manufacturing a blade having a complicated pattern on the blade surface, comprising:
Step of forming concavities and convexities by compression on the surface of a flat plate-like multilayer metal plate in which dissimilar metals are integrally laminated to form a plurality of recesses; and grinding the surface of the multilayered metal sheet subjected to the concavo-convex processing And planarizing the surface; forming a multilayer metal plate having the surface planarized by this grinding into a blade shape having an inclined surface by hot or warm die forging; and forming the blade shape And grinding the inclined surface of the multi-layered metal plate to form a cutting edge.   After forming the cutting edge in the multilayer metal plate, the entire cutting edge or at least a part of the cutting edge is immersed in the corrosive liquid, or the entire cutting edge or at least a part of the cutting edge is coated with the corrosive liquid and etched The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: