JP6872185B2 - How to manufacture blades - Google Patents

Description

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can improve a method for manufacturing a blade, specifically, not only can form a complicated turbulent pattern (Damascus pattern) on the blade surface, but also form a turbulent pattern on the cutting edge surface even with a thick blade such as scissors. It relates to a method of manufacturing a blade that can be used.

In recent years, a blade having a complicated irregular pattern on the blade surface is known as a high-grade blade having excellent decorativeness and sharpness, and is in great demand both in Japan and overseas. Further, as a method for manufacturing this type of blade, a method of forming a pattern by applying a corrosive liquid to the surface of a masked multilayer metal plate and removing a part of the metal layer on the surface side (see, for example, Patent Document 1). It has been known.

However, in the method of forming a turbulent pattern on the blade surface by the above etching treatment, since the recesses formed on the blade surface remain as they are, not only the sharpness is easily impaired due to large irregularities on the cutting edge surface, but also the sharpness is thin. Since a large recess cannot be formed in the cutting edge portion, there is a drawback that the portion where the pattern can be formed is limited to the abdominal portion other than the cutting edge portion.

Therefore, the Applicant has previously performed unevenness processing on the surface of the multilayer metal plate by press working or forging as a method of forming a disordered pattern on the blade surface, and then subjected to this unevenness processing. We have developed a method for forming a pattern by grinding the surface of a metal plate and scraping off the surface layer (see Patent Documents 2 to 4), and have applied for a patent.

However, with respect to the above-mentioned conventional method, in the case of a relatively thin blade, since the inclination angle of the cutting blade is small, a complicated pattern can be formed on the cutting blade after grinding, but it is relatively thick such as scissors. In the case of a cutting tool, there is a problem that a pattern cannot be formed up to the cutting edge side of the cutting edge because the inclination angle of the cutting edge becomes large.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-249961 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-11853 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-161664 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-192163

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is not only to form a complicated turbulent pattern on the blade surface, but also to have a tilt angle of a thick blade such as scissors. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a cutting tool capable of forming a disordered pattern up to a cutting edge portion of a large cutting edge.

The means adopted by the present inventor to solve the above problems will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

That is, according to the present invention, in the method for manufacturing a blade having a complicated pattern on the blade surface, the surface of a flat plate-shaped multilayer metal plate formed by laminating and integrating dissimilar metals is subjected to uneven processing by cutting to be intermediate on the inner surface. A step of forming a plurality of round hole-shaped recesses with exposed layers; the multi-layer metal plate subjected to this uneven processing is formed into a blade shape having an inclined surface by hot or warm die forging, and the above-mentioned The step of flattening the inclined surface on which the recess is formed and the other surface to reveal a round pattern ; the inclined surface of the multi-layer metal plate formed into this blade shape is ground to form a complicated disorder. It is characterized by adopting a process that includes a step of forming a cutting edge in which a pattern appears.

Further, in the present invention, in order to suppress the problem of fog defects during the forging process, at least a part of the vertical cross-sectional shape forms an arc-shaped or V-shaped recess with respect to the surface of the multilayer metal plate during the uneven processing. Is preferable.

Further, when forming a concave portion having an arc-shaped or V-shaped vertical cross-sectional shape with respect to the surface of the multilayer metal plate during uneven processing as described above, it is a fogging defect that the cross-sectional shape of the concave portion is hemispherical or conical. It is more preferable to suppress the above.

Further, in the present invention, during the uneven processing, three or more layers of the multilayer metal plate are cut to form recesses, while the cutting depth of the recesses is suppressed to 20% or less of the total thickness of the multilayer metal plate for forging. It is possible to form a complicated disorder pattern while ensuring the strength that can be withstood.

The cutting depth of the recess is preferably 1 mm or less, and the thickness of the surface layer of the multilayer metal plate and the intermediate layer exposed in the recess is preferably 0.01 to 0.2 mm.

Further, in the present invention, after the cutting edge is formed on the multilayer metal plate, the entire cutting edge or at least a part of the cutting edge is immersed in a corrosive liquid, or the entire cutting edge or at least a part of the cutting edge is corroded. The sharpness of the blade can be improved by applying a liquid and performing an etching process to form fine irregularities on the surface of the cutting blade in which a plurality of metal layers appear as a pattern.

On the other hand, in the present invention, instead of the above-mentioned method for manufacturing a blade, the surface of a flat plate-shaped multilayer metal plate formed by laminating and integrating dissimilar metals is subjected to uneven processing by compression to perform a plurality of round hole-shaped recesses. The step of forming the surface; the step of grinding the surface of the multi-layer metal plate subjected to the uneven processing to flatten the surface to reveal a round pattern; the multi-layer metal whose surface is flattened by this grinding. The step of forming the plate into a blade shape with an inclined surface by hot or warm mold forging; the inclined surface of the multi-layer metal plate formed into this blade shape was ground to reveal a complicated disorder pattern. A step including a step of forming a cutting edge can also be adopted.

In the present invention, the surface of a flat multi-layer metal plate in which dissimilar metal layers are laminated and integrated is subjected to uneven processing by cutting, and then hot or warm mold forging is performed to form a blade having an inclined surface. By forming the cutting edge by grinding the inclined surface after forming the cutting edge, it is possible to form a complicated disorder pattern on the cutting edge even with a thick cutting tool such as scissors.

Further, in the present invention, the surface of a flat plate-shaped multi-layer metal plate is subjected to uneven processing by compression, and then the uneven surface is flattened by grinding, and the multi-layer metal plate is hot or warm forged. The same effect as described above can also be obtained by forming a blade shape having an inclined surface and grinding the inclined surface after molding to form a cutting edge.

Therefore, according to the present invention, even a relatively thick blade such as scissors, a knife, or a cutter for industrial machinery can form a disordered pattern on the cutting blade to improve the decorativeness and sharpness of the blade. The practical utility value of is extremely high.

It is a process explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing process in Example 1 of this invention. It is a cross-sectional enlarged view and a micrograph which shows the uneven structure of the cutting edge surface formed by the etching process of this invention. It is a process explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing process in Example 2 of this invention.

"Example 1"
Example 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In the figure, what is indicated by reference numeral P is a multilayer metal plate, and what is indicated by reference numeral H is a recess. Further, what is indicated by the reference numeral M is a mold, and what is indicated by the reference numeral B is a burr portion. Further, what is indicated by the reference numeral E is a cutting edge.

"Manufacturing method of cutlery"
[1] Basic process First, the basic process adopted in this embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, as the first step of manufacturing the cutting tool, as shown in FIG. 1A, the surface of the flat plate-shaped multilayer metal plate P used as the material of the cutting tool is subjected to uneven processing by cutting (this embodiment). Then, drilling) is performed to form a plurality of recesses HH. At this time, the depth of the recess H is adjusted so that the intermediate layer of the multilayer metal plate P is exposed at least on the inner surface of the recess H.

Next, as a second step, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the multilayer metal plate P that has been subjected to the uneven processing is subjected to warm mold forging by the dies MM to perform warm mold forging, and the multilayer metal plate P is formed into a blade shape having an inclined surface (in this embodiment, a scissors blade shape). At the same time, the surface of the multilayer metal plate P in which the recesses H, H ... Are formed is flattened by die forging. After that, the burr portion B of the multilayer metal plate P generated by the mold forging is removed.

Then, after removing the burr portion B from the multilayer metal plate P, as a third step, as shown in FIG. 1 (c), the inclined surface of the multilayer metal plate P formed into the blade shape is ground. To form the cutting edge E. By following these basic steps, it is possible to form a complicated turbulent pattern on the surface of the cutting blade E even with a blade such as thick scissors.

Further, after the cutting edge is formed on the multilayer metal plate P in the third step, as the fourth step, the cutting edge E can be immersed in a corrosive liquid to perform an etching process, whereby a plurality of metal layers can be formed. The sharpness of the cutting edge can be improved by forming fine irregularities shown in FIG. 2 on the surface of the cutting edge E appearing as a pattern. It should be noted that these fine irregularities are formed by creating a gap at the boundary between the metal layer that corrodes quickly and the metal layer that corrodes slowly.

[2] Multilayer metal plate Next, each element of the above basic process will be described. First, regarding the material of the multilayer metal plate P, in this embodiment, two types of martensite-based stainless steels having different carbon and chromium content ratios are alternately laminated, and the clad metal is integrated by hot rolling. However, the material is not limited to this as long as the dissimilar metals are laminated and integrated. Specifically, as a metal material other than stainless steel, nickel, titanium, iron, aluminum, copper, silver, gold, platinum and the like can be used.

Further, regarding the number of metal materials used for the multilayer metal plate P, it is not necessary to use two kinds as in this embodiment, and three or more kinds of metal materials can be used. Further, in this embodiment, in order to form a turbulent pattern on the cutting edge side, a clad metal having no core layer (thick metal layer) in the center is used, but one having a core layer should be used. You can also. Further, the number of metal layers constituting the multilayer metal plate P is preferably 20 or more in order to form a complicated disordered pattern and to form fine irregularities by etching treatment.

On the other hand, regarding the thickness of the metal layer of the multilayer metal plate P, in this embodiment, all the metal layers use clad metal having the same thickness, but the thickness varies depending on the material of the metal layer and the position of the metal layer. Clad metal can also be used. The thickness of the surface layer of the multilayer metal plate P and the intermediate layer exposed in the recesses is 0.01 to 0.2 mm in order to form a complicated turbulent pattern and to form fine irregularities by etching. It is preferable to do so.

[3] Concavo-convex processing in the first step Regarding the uneven processing by cutting (removal of metal material) in the first step, drilling is adopted in this embodiment, but cutting tools such as end mills are used. It is also possible to adopt a method other than machining using a method, specifically, a method of evaporating metal by laser processing to form a recess (non-contact cutting) or a method of corroding a metal layer by etching processing. A method of forming a recess (chemical cutting) can also be adopted.

Further, the shape of the recess H formed in the multilayer metal plate P may be not only a round hole shape as in the present embodiment but also a groove shape. Regarding the shape of the recess H, at least a part of the vertical cross section of the recess H is formed so that the inner wall of the recess H is not crushed inward and becomes a fog defect (pattern defect) during the forging process in the second step. It is preferable that the shape is arcuate or V-shaped (more preferably, the vertical cross-sectional shape of the recess H is hemispherical or conical).

Further, in the above-mentioned uneven processing, it is preferable to cut three or more layers of the metal layer of the multilayer metal plate P from the surface side so that a complicated disordered pattern can be formed, and in order to secure the strength capable of withstanding the forging process. The cutting depth of the recess H is preferably suppressed to 20% or less of the total thickness of the multilayer metal plate P (more preferably, the cutting depth of the recess H is 1 mm or less).

Further, in this embodiment, since the scissors blade is used as a knife, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), not only the front surface of the multilayer metal plate P but also the back surface is subjected to uneven processing by cutting (effect). In the case of applications other than scissors blades such as knives, unevenness can be formed only on the surface on which the cutting blade is formed.

[4] Forging of the second step Regarding the forging of the second step, in this embodiment, the multilayer metal plate P is processed so as to have the shape of a scissors blade. The blade shape is not limited to this, and it can be formed into a blade shape such as a knife other than scissors or a cutter for industrial machinery. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the blade can be appropriately changed according to the shape of the blade.

Further, regarding the temperature condition during the forging process, in this embodiment, the temperature condition is in the range of 400 ° C. to 500 ° C. Can be changed as appropriate. Further, as the forging process, hot forging performed under a temperature condition equal to or higher than the recrystallization temperature of the material can be adopted, and in that case, the forging process can be performed under a temperature condition of 900 ° C. or higher. Since the temperature conditions for warm forging and hot forging differ depending on the metal material, they can be appropriately changed according to the material used for the multilayer metal plate P.

[5] Grinding in the third step Regarding the grinding in the third step, in this embodiment, a single-edged type having a cutting edge E provided on only one side so that it can be used as a scissors blade is used. Although the cutting edge E is formed, the cutting edge E can also be formed in the form of a double-edged type having the cutting edge E on both sides. Further, when used as a blade of a knife or the like, the cutting blade E can be formed in the form of a double-edged blade in which the cutting blades E are formed on the side edges on both sides.

Further, as for the shape of the cutting blade E, not only a flat shape as in this embodiment but also a curved shape such as a hamaguri blade can be adopted. Further, the shape of the cutting edge E can be a stepped edge type, and in that case, after the cutting edge E is formed by grinding, a small blade having a different inclination angle is further formed on the cutting edge side of the cutting edge E. can do.

[6] About the etching process of the fourth step Regarding the etching process of the fourth step, in this embodiment, the entire cutting edge E is immersed in the corrosive liquid, but at least a part of the cutting edge E ( For example, it can be carried out by immersing only the cutting edge portion), or by applying a corrosive liquid to the entire cutting edge E or at least a part of the cutting edge E. As for the corrosive liquid, hydrochloric acid is used in this embodiment, but the type of corrosive liquid can be appropriately changed according to the material used for the multilayer metal plate P.

Further, in this embodiment, the etching process of the fourth step is performed not only on the front surface of the multilayer metal plate P on which the cutting edge E is formed, but also on the back surface on the opposite side where the irregular pattern is formed by the uneven processing and the forging process. I am also doing it. As a result, fine irregularities can be formed on the back surface side as well, so that the sharpness of the scissors can be further improved.

The effect of increasing the sharpness of the cutting tool by the etching treatment is based on the same principle as the technique according to Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2012-192163) mentioned as a prior art, and is described in the specification of Patent Document 3 (paragraph number). [0032]) If necessary, a polishing step can be added after the etching process.

"Example 2"
"Manufacturing method of cutlery"
[1] Basic Steps Example 2 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. First, the basic process adopted in this embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, as the first step of manufacturing the cutting tool, as shown in FIG. 3A, the surface of the flat plate-shaped multilayer metal plate P used as the material of the cutting tool is subjected to uneven processing by compression (this embodiment). Then, press working with the mold M with a convex portion) is performed to form a plurality of concave portions HH.

Next, as a second step, as shown in FIG. 3B, the surface of the multilayer metal plate P that has been subjected to the unevenness processing is ground to be flattened. Then, as a third step, as shown in FIG. 3C, warm mold forging is performed using the dies MM, and the multilayer metal plate P is formed into a blade shape having an inclined surface (in this embodiment). , Scissors blade shape). After that, the burr portion B of the multilayer metal plate P generated by the mold forging is removed.

Then, after removing the burr portion B from the multilayer metal plate P, as a fourth step, grinding is performed on the inclined surface of the multilayer metal plate P formed into a blade shape as shown in FIG. 3 (d). Go to form the cutting edge E. By following these basic steps, it is possible to form a complicated turbulent pattern on the blade surface of the cutting blade E even with a blade such as thick scissors.

Further, after the cutting edge is formed on the multilayer metal plate P in the fourth step, as the fifth step, the cutting edge E can be immersed in a corrosive liquid to perform an etching process, whereby a plurality of metal layers can be formed. The sharpness of the cutting edge can be improved by forming fine irregularities shown in FIG. 2 on the surface of the cutting edge E appearing as a pattern.

[2] Multilayer metal plate Next, each element of the above basic process will be described. First, regarding the material of the multilayer metal plate P, in this embodiment, two types of martensite-based stainless steels having different carbon and chromium content ratios are alternately laminated, and the clad metal is integrated by hot rolling. However, the material is not limited to this as long as it is formed by laminating and integrating dissimilar metals. The material conditions of the multilayer metal plate P are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[3] Concavo-convex processing by compression in the first step Regarding the concavo-convex processing by compression in the first step, in this embodiment, a flat plate mold is pressed and pressed, but convex. It is also possible to adopt an embossing process in which the embossed roll provided with the portion is pressed against the surface of the multilayer metal plate P to form the recess H. In addition to the press working, the concave portion H can also be formed by a forging process in which the surface of the multilayer metal plate P is repeatedly hit with a die. In this embodiment as well, as in the first embodiment, both surfaces of the multilayer metal plate P are subjected to uneven processing by compression. Further, the conditions of the shape and depth of the recess H are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[4] Grinding in the second step Regarding the grinding in the second step, in this embodiment, the surface of the multilayer metal plate P is scraped to the same thickness to flatten the surface. Grinding can also be performed so that the rear surface becomes an inclined surface (or curved surface).

[5] Forging of the third step Regarding the forging of the third step, in this embodiment, the multilayer metal plate P is processed so as to have the shape of a scissors blade. Is not limited to this, and can be formed into a blade shape such as a knife other than scissors or a cutter for industrial machinery. The cross-sectional shape of the blade and the conditions for forging are the same as in Example 1.

[6] Grinding in the 4th step Regarding the grinding in the 4th step, in this embodiment, a single-edged type having a cutting edge E provided on only one side so that it can be used as a scissors blade is used. Although the cutting edge E is formed, the cutting edge E can also be formed in the form of a double-edged type having the cutting edge E on both sides. The conditions for the shape of the cutting edge E are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[7] About the etching process of the fifth step Regarding the etching process of the fifth step, in this embodiment, the entire cutting edge E is immersed in the corrosive liquid, but at least a part of the cutting edge E is immersed. It can be carried out by dipping, or it can be carried out by applying a corrosive liquid to the entire cutting edge E or at least a part of the cutting edge E. In this embodiment as well, as in the first embodiment, the back surface side of the multilayer metal plate P without the cutting edge E is subjected to the etching treatment, whereby the sharpness of the scissors can be improved. The conditions of the corrosive liquid are also the same as in Example 1.

Although the present invention is generally configured as described above, the present invention is by no means limited to the illustrated embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the description of "Claims", for example. Regarding the types of blades, thick blades (scissors, knives, cutters for industrial machinery, etc.) are easier to obtain the effects of the present invention, but relatively thin blades (knives, etc.) should adopt the manufacturing method of the present invention. All of them belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

P Multi-layer metal plate H Recess M Mold B Burr part E Cutting blade

Claims (7)

It is a manufacturing method of a blade having a complicated pattern on the blade surface.
A step of forming a plurality of round hole-shaped recesses in which an intermediate layer is exposed on the inner surface by performing uneven processing by cutting on the surface of a flat plate-shaped multilayer metal plate formed by laminating and integrating dissimilar metals; The multi-layer metal plate with the above shape is formed into a blade shape having an inclined surface by hot or warm mold forging, and the inclined surface on which the recess is formed and the other surfaces are flattened into a round shape. A blade characterized by including a step of revealing a pattern of the above ; a step of grinding an inclined surface of a multi-layer metal plate formed into this blade shape to form a cutting edge in which a complicated disorder pattern appears. Manufacturing method. The method for manufacturing a cutting tool according to claim 1 , wherein a hemispherical or conical concave portion is formed on the surface of the multilayer metal plate during uneven processing. The method for manufacturing a cutting tool according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the cutting depth of the concave portion is suppressed to 20% or less of the total thickness of the multilayer metal plate during uneven processing. The method for manufacturing a cutting tool according to claim 3 , wherein the cutting depth of the recess is 1 mm or less, and the thickness of the surface layer of the multilayer metal plate and each intermediate layer exposed in the recess is 0.01 to 0.2 mm. .. After forming a cutting edge on a multilayer metal plate, the entire cutting edge or at least a part of the cutting edge is immersed in a corrosive liquid, or the entire cutting edge or at least a part of the cutting edge is coated with a corrosive liquid and etched. The method for manufacturing a blade according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the blade is manufactured. It is a manufacturing method of a blade having a complicated pattern on the blade surface.
A step of forming a plurality of round hole-shaped recesses by performing uneven processing by compression on the surface of a flat plate-shaped multilayer metal plate formed by laminating and integrating dissimilar metals; With the step of grinding the surface of the metal plate to flatten the surface to reveal a round pattern; the multilayer metal plate whose surface is flattened by this grinding has an inclined surface by hot or warm die forging. A blade characterized by including a step of forming into a blade shape; and a step of grinding an inclined surface of a multilayer metal plate formed into this blade shape to form a cutting edge in which a complicated disorder pattern appears. Production method. After forming a cutting edge on a multilayer metal plate, the entire cutting edge or at least a part of the cutting edge is immersed in a corrosive liquid, or the entire cutting edge or at least a part of the cutting edge is coated with a corrosive liquid and etched. The method for manufacturing a blade according to claim 6 , wherein the blade is made.

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