JP2019027163A - Transportation method and transportation device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a transportation method which can suppress earth and sand from adhering to an inner surface of a transportation pipe.SOLUTION: A transportation method of earth and sand is a transportation method of transporting earth and sand in the inside of a transportation pipe 10, and includes a process of transporting earth and sand in the inside of a transportation pipe 10 by a compressor and an ejector 22. In the process of transportation, water for suppressing accumulation of the earth and sand on an inner surface 10a of the transportation pipe 10 is transported along with the earth and sand.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 12

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for conveying earth and sand.

  Conventionally, various techniques are known as a transport method and a transport device for transporting earth and sand. The earth and sand are excavated at a construction site, for example, and then passed through the inside of the transport pipe and transported. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a method for conveying earth and sand using pressure feeding by a compressor and suction by a vacuum pump. In the transport method described in Patent Document 1, a transport pipe in which earth and sand are transported inside, a compressor that supplies compressed air to the inside of the transport pipe, and a vacuum pump that sucks air and sand inside the transport pipe, The provided conveyance apparatus is used. In the conveyance method described in Patent Document 1, compressed air is supplied to the inside of the conveyance pipe by the operation of the compressor, and the earth and sand inside the conveyance pipe is pressure-fed by the compressed air. In addition, in the transport method described in Patent Document 1, the internal pressure on the downstream side in the transport direction in the transport pipe is lowered by the operation of the vacuum pump, and the earth and sand are sucked and transported downstream in the transport direction in the transport pipe.

JP-A-2-221596

  The earth and sand transported as described above may contain a component having high adhesion to the inner surface of the transport pipe. For this reason, when transporting the earth and sand inside the transport pipe, the sediment may adhere to the inner surface of the transport pipe due to a highly adherent component contained in the sand and sand. When earth and sand adhere to the inner surface of the transport pipe, the earth and sand further adheres to the attached earth and sand, so that earth and sand accumulate inside the transport pipe. There is a problem that the inside of the transport pipe is blocked by the accumulated earth and sand. When the inside of the transport pipe is blocked, it becomes necessary to remove the blocked portion, and therefore the work of transporting earth and sand must be interrupted. Therefore, the problem that the efficiency of the conveyance work which conveys earth and sand falls may also arise.

  An object of this invention is to provide the conveyance method and conveying apparatus which can suppress adhesion of the earth and sand to the inner surface of a conveyance pipe.

  The present invention is a transport method for transporting earth and sand inside a transport pipe, comprising a step of transporting the earth and sand inside the transport pipe by a transport means, and in the transporting process, the sediment is retained on the inner surface of the transport pipe Convey the fluid to be suppressed together with earth and sand.

  In the method for transporting earth and sand according to the present invention, a fluid that suppresses retention of earth and sand on the inner surface of the transport pipe is transported together with the earth and sand. Thereby, when conveying earth and sand in the inside of a conveyance pipe, it can make it hard to retain earth and sand on the inner surface of a conveyance pipe with the fluid concerned. Therefore, since the fluidity of the earth and sand in the inner surface of a conveyance pipe can be improved, adhesion of the earth and sand to the inner surface of a conveyance pipe can be suppressed. By suppressing the adhesion of earth and sand to the inner surface of the conveyance pipe, it is possible to make it difficult to deposit earth and sand on the inner surface of the conveyance pipe, so that blockage inside the conveyance pipe can be suppressed. As a result, removal of the blocked portion can be made unnecessary, so that it is possible to prevent the earth and sand transport operation from being interrupted. Therefore, it is possible to improve the work efficiency of the transport work for transporting earth and sand.

  In the transport method according to the present invention, the fluid may be water. In this case, when carrying the earth and sand inside the carrying pipe, the water is carried together with the earth and sand. By transporting the earth and sand together with water, the fluidity of the earth and sand with respect to the inner surface of the transport pipe can be increased, so that the adhesion of the earth and sand to the inner surface can be suppressed. Further, for example, by applying appropriate moisture to the surface of the conveyed earth and sand, the surface of the earth and sand can be easily slipped with respect to the inner surface of the conveying pipe.

  The transport method according to the present invention may further include a step of injecting water from the outside of the transport pipe into the transport pipe. In this case, the water sprayed from the outside of the transport pipe into the transport pipe can be used as water to be transported together with the earth and sand. By spraying water in this manner, it is possible to impart appropriate moisture to the surface of the earth and sand, so that the surface of the earth and sand can be easily slid with respect to the inner surface of the transport pipe. Furthermore, by applying appropriate moisture to the earth and sand so as not to become mud, the earth and sand after it has come out of the transport pipe can be easily treated.

  The transport method according to the present invention may further include a step of leaching water from the earth and sand by applying vibration or electromagnetic waves to the earth and sand. In this case, water exuded from the earth and sand by applying vibration or electromagnetic waves to the earth and sand can be used as water to be conveyed with the earth and sand. By causing vibration or electromagnetic waves to act on the earth and sand to exude water, supply of water from the outside of the transport pipe can be made unnecessary. Therefore, the processing of the transport pipe can be made unnecessary.

  In the transport method according to the present invention, the fluid may be air, and may further include a step of supplying air along the inner surface. In this case, earth and sand are conveyed with the air supplied along the inner surface. By the way, when flowing a fluid into the inside of a conveyance pipe, since the flow velocity becomes slow in the part near the inner surface of the conveyance pipe, earth and sand are likely to accumulate in the part near the inner surface. On the other hand, in the transport method according to the present invention, as described above, air is supplied along the inner surface of the transport pipe, so that the flow velocity near the inner surface of the transport pipe can be increased. Therefore, since the fluidity of the earth and sand on the inner surface of the transport pipe can be increased, the adhesion of the earth and sand to the inner surface of the transport pipe can be suppressed.

  In the transport method according to the present invention, the fluid may be a liquid that is not compatible with earth and sand. In this case, a liquid that is not compatible with the earth and sand can be used as a fluid to be conveyed with the earth and sand. Thereby, when earth and sand are conveyed in the inside of a conveyance pipe, the surface of earth and sand will be in the state covered with the liquid concerned. Therefore, since the fluidity of the earth and sand with respect to the inner surface of a conveyance pipe can be improved, adhesion of the earth and sand to the inner surface of a conveyance pipe can be suppressed. In addition, since the liquid covering the surface of the earth and sand is not compatible with the earth and sand, mixing of the earth and sand with the liquid is suppressed, so that the moisture ratio of the earth and sand does not increase. Therefore, the processing of the earth and sand after coming out of a conveyance pipe can be performed easily. Further, since the liquid covering the surface of the earth and sand does not become familiar with the earth and sand, the liquid can be reused as a fluid to be conveyed together with the earth and sand by separating the earth and sand after the earth and sand are conveyed.

  In the transport method according to the present invention, the fluid may flow spirally along the inner surface. In this case, when carrying the earth and sand inside the carrying pipe, the earth and sand can be circulated spirally along the inner surface of the carrying pipe. As the earth and sand circulate in a spiral shape, a swirling motion is given to the earth and sand inside the transport pipe. Thereby, since the straightness of the earth and sand conveyed in the inside of a conveyance pipe can be improved, adhesion of the earth and sand to the inner surface of a conveyance pipe can be suppressed.

  The earth and sand conveying device according to the present invention includes a conveying pipe for conveying earth and sand inside, a conveying means for conveying the earth and sand inside the conveying pipe, and the earth and sand staying on the inner surface of the conveying pipe. And a supply means for supplying a fluid for suppressing the above.

  In the earth and sand conveying apparatus according to the present invention, the fluid that suppresses the accumulation of earth and sand on the inner surface of the conveying pipe is conveyed together with the earth and sand. Since the fluid can improve the fluidity of the earth and sand with respect to the inner surface of the transport pipe, adhesion of the earth and sand to the inner surface of the transport pipe can be suppressed. Since the adhesion of earth and sand to the inner surface of the conveying pipe is suppressed, the blockage inside the conveying pipe can be suppressed as in the above-described conveying method, so that the work efficiency of the conveying work for conveying earth and sand is improved. be able to.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, adhesion of earth and sand to the inner surface of a conveyance pipe can be suppressed.

It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating schematic structure of the earth and sand conveying apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the part by which the ejector of the conveying apparatus of FIG. 1 was arrange | positioned. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the process of forming the water repellent coating layer in the conveyance method which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the part by which the ejector of the conveying apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment was arrange | positioned. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the low friction raw material provided in the conveying apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the state by which the low-friction raw material of FIG. 5 was collected near the ejector side. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the low friction material which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the part by which the ejector of the conveying apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment was arrange | positioned. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the part by which the ejector of the conveying apparatus which concerns on 5th Embodiment was arrange | positioned. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the part by which the ejector of the conveying apparatus which concerns on 6th Embodiment was arrange | positioned. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the part by which the ejector of the conveying apparatus which concerns on 7th Embodiment was arrange | positioned. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the part by which the ejector of the conveying apparatus which concerns on 8th Embodiment was arrange | positioned. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the part by which the ejector of the conveying apparatus which concerns on 9th Embodiment was arrange | positioned. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the part by which the ejector of the conveying apparatus which concerns on 11th Embodiment was arrange | positioned. (A), (b) and (c) is a figure which shows typically the velocity distribution of the air inside a conveyance pipe. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the part by which the ejector of the conveying apparatus which concerns on 12th Embodiment was arrange | positioned. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the part by which the ejector of the conveying apparatus which concerns on 13th Embodiment was arrange | positioned. (A) And (b) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the detail of the spiral groove of the conveying apparatus of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the mixer which is a modification of the earth and sand conveyance means.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a transport method and a transport apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same or corresponding elements will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and repeated description will be omitted as appropriate.

(First embodiment)
First, a schematic configuration of the earth and sand transport device according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a schematic configuration of the earth and sand transport device according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 1, earth and sand are shown in gray. As shown in FIG. 1, the transport apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment is used for transporting earth and sand at a construction site, for example.

  Generally, in construction sites and the like, the ground may be excavated when building structures are constructed, and it may be necessary to transport the sediment generated by excavation. Moreover, after building a building structure, the excavation site may be backfilled with earth and sand, and it may be necessary to transport the earth and sand necessary for backfilling. The conveying device 1 is for conveying earth and sand generated by such excavation or earth and sand necessary for backfilling at a construction site.

  The transport apparatus 1 includes a transport pipe 10 through which earth and sand are transported, and a transport unit 20 that transports the earth and sand inside the transport pipe 10. The transport pipe 10 includes a suction pipe 11 for sucking earth and sand, a transport hose 12 connected to the suction pipe 11 for transporting the earth and sand sucked by the suction pipe 11, and transport means provided in the transport hose 12. 20 tubes 13. As an example, the length of the transport pipe 10 is about 40 m.

  The earth and sand are sucked into the suction pipe 11 by the conveying means 20. Conveying means 20 is connected to an intermediate portion of the conveying hose 12, and the conveying hose 12 conveys earth and sand from the suction pipe 11 by the conveying means 20. The transfer hose 12 is divided with the pipe 13 of the transfer means 20 as a boundary. Specifically, the transfer hose 12 includes a first hose 12c that connects the suction pipe 11 and the pipe 13, and a second hose 12d that extends from the pipe 13 to the downstream side in the transport direction of earth and sand. In the present embodiment, the pipe 13 is a merging pipe 22 c of an ejector 22 described later of the transport unit 20.

  The earth and sand flows from the front end 11 a of the suction pipe 11 toward the end 12 e of the transfer hose 12 inside the transfer pipe 10. The earth and sand that has flowed through the inside of the conveyance pipe 10 is discharged from the end 12e, and then conveyed to a predetermined conveyance destination, for example. Hereinafter, the direction in which earth and sand are transported from the front end 11a to the end 12e is referred to as a “transport direction”. The upstream side in the transport direction may be simply referred to as “upstream side”, and the downstream side in the transport direction may be simply referred to as “downstream side”.

  The transport hose 12 is made of polyvinyl chloride, for example, and may be a flexible hose. As an example, the inner surface of the flexible hose is a smooth surface, and uneven portions are formed on the outer surface of the flexible hose for reinforcement. This raised portion is, for example, spiral. When the conveyance hose 12 is a flexible hose, the conveyance hose 12 can be easily bent and the conveyance hose 12 having excellent pressure resistance can be obtained. The conveyance hose 12 may be transparent. When the conveyance hose 12 is transparent, the state of earth and sand inside the conveyance hose 12 can be visually recognized.

  In addition, as the transfer hose 12, it is also possible to use things other than a flexible hose, and the transfer hose 12 may not be transparent. The transfer hose 12 may be a steel pipe, for example. When the transfer hose 12 is a steel pipe, the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the inner surface of the steel pipe is, for example, not less than 2.5 μm and not more than 3.5 μm.

  The transport unit 20 includes a compressor 21 that supplies compressed air, an ejector 22 that sends the compressed air from the compressor 21 into the transport hose 12, and a hose 23 that connects the compressor 21 and the ejector 22. The compressor 21 is loaded on a truck, for example. The compressor 21 sends compressed air into the ejector 22 via the hose 23. The ejector 22 accelerates the compressed air sent from the compressor 21, and generates an air flow in the earth and sand transport direction.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the ejector 22 includes an introduction pipe 22a into which compressed air from the compressor 21 is introduced, a branch pipe 22b branched into two from the introduction pipe 22a, and an introduction pipe 22a of the branch pipe 22b. And a merge pipe 22c that merges on the opposite side. Compressed air from the compressor 21 is fed into the introduction pipe 22a. The compressed air sent into the introduction pipe 22a flows in the direction indicated by the arrow B toward the branch pipe 22b. The compressed air branched from the introduction pipe 22a is sent into the branch pipe 22b. The compressed air sent into each branch pipe 22b flows in the direction indicated by arrow C toward the junction pipe 22c. Compressed air from the branch pipe 22b is fed into the junction pipe 22c. The compressed air sent into the joining pipe 22c joins, flows in the direction indicated by the arrow D, and is discharged from the joining pipe 22c to the second hose 12d.

  As described above, the compressed air flows in the ejector 22 to accelerate the flow of the compressed air. As a result, a negative pressure is generated at a portion upstream of the ejector 22 in the transport pipe 10. Due to this negative pressure, earth and sand are sucked into the suction pipe 11 and the transfer hose 12 from the tip 11 a of the suction pipe 11. Therefore, the earth and sand are transported in the transport direction indicated by the arrow A inside the suction pipe 11 and the transport hose 12.

  The conveyance device 1 includes a water repellent coating layer 30 (low friction material) disposed inside the conveyance tube 10. For example, the water repellent coating layer 30 is provided over substantially the entire region in the transport direction inside the transport tube 10. That is, the water repellent coating layer 30 is provided inside the suction pipe 11 and inside the transfer hose 12.

  The water repellent coating layer 30 covers the inner surface 10 a of the transport tube 10. The water repellent coating layer 30 is formed of, for example, a coating wax containing a lubricating material. The water repellent coating layer 30 is a layer having higher water repellency than, for example, the inner surface 10a. Since the water repellent coating layer 30 has high water repellency, it repels moisture on the surface 30a of the water repellent coating layer 30 to make the earth and sand slip easily, and reduces the friction of the earth and sand against the inner surface 10a. It functions as a material.

  The water repellent coating layer 30 is in a granular form before being disposed inside the transport tube 10. The water repellent coating layer 30 is formed from, for example, the brazing material 5 (see FIG. 3). The brazing material 5 is, for example, a pellet-like organic substance that is solid at room temperature (about 5 to 35 ° C.) and becomes liquid when heated. The brazing material 5 contains oil and has water repellency. For example, paraffin wax is used as the brazing material 5. Paraffin wax is a natural wax derived from petroleum.

  When paraffin wax is used as the brazing material 5, since paraffin wax is widely used, there is an advantage that it is easy to obtain. Moreover, since the melting point of paraffin wax is about 50 to 70 ° C., it is easy to process and does not melt even when used in summer. Therefore, when the brazing material 5 is paraffin wax, the brazing material 5 having high processability and handleability can be obtained.

  The water repellent coating layer 30 may be composed of a granular material having water repellency other than the brazing material 5. The brazing material 5 may be a natural wax other than paraffin wax, a synthetic wax, or a processed / modified wax. Natural waxes include animal-derived waxes, plant-derived waxes, petroleum-derived waxes, or mineral-derived waxes. Animal-derived waxes are, for example, beeswax, spermaceti, or shellac wax. The plant-derived wax is, for example, carnauba wax, wood wax, rice bran wax (rice wax), or candelilla wax.

  The wax derived from petroleum is, for example, a microcrystalline wax. The mineral-derived wax is, for example, montan wax or ozokerite. The synthetic wax is, for example, a Fischer-Tropsch wax, an oil-based synthetic wax (such as an ester, a ketone or an amide), or a hydrogenated wax. The processed / modified wax is, for example, an oxidized wax, a compounded wax, or a modified montan wax.

  The water repellent coating layer 30 is formed, for example, so as to cover substantially the entire inner surface 10 a of the transport tube 10. By covering substantially the entire inner surface 10a with the water repellent coating layer 30, the water repellency of the substantially entire inner surface 10a is increased. Inside the transport pipe 10, the earth and sand are transported while being in contact with the portion of the inner surface 10 a where the water repellency is enhanced, that is, the surface 30 a of the water repellent coating layer 30. Thereby, earth and sand can be made to slip easily with respect to the substantially whole inner surface 10a. The water repellent coating layer 30 may not cover substantially the entire inner surface 10a, and may cover a part of the inner surface 10a.

  Next, the earth and sand transport method according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, in this transport method, before transporting the earth and sand, a step of placing the water repellent coating layer 30 inside the transport pipe 10 is performed (step of placing a low friction material). In the step of disposing the water repellent coating layer 30, the water repellent coating layer 30 is formed on the inner surface 10 a of the transport tube 10 by pouring the brazing material 5 into the transport tube 10.

  Specifically, the brazing material 5 is transported in the transport direction into the transport pipe 10 by the operation of the compressor 21 and the ejector 22. At this time, by sucking the brazing material 5 into the suction pipe 11 from the tip 11a of the suction pipe 11, the brazing material 5 is poured in the transport direction. By pouring the brazing material 5 in this way, the brazing material 5 comes into contact with the inner surface 10a. At least a part of the brazing material 5 in contact with the inner surface 10a adheres to the inner surface 10a, and for example, a part of the brazing material 5 is missing. The brazing material 5 itself may adhere to the inner surface 10a.

  The brazing material 5 can be conveyed while being in contact with several places on the inner surface 10 a of the conveying tube 10. Therefore, when the brazing material 5 is transported inside the transport pipe 10, initially the brazing material 5 adheres to the inner surface 10a in a dot shape. When the brazing material 5 continues to flow inside the transport pipe 10, the brazing material 5 comes into contact with various portions of the inner surface 10a. As a result, the brazing material 5 adheres so as to cover substantially the entire inner surface 10a, and the inner surface 10a is coated with the brazing material 5.

  The number of times the fixed amount of brazing material 5 is poured into the inside of the transport pipe 10 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, about 3 times. In addition, the brazing material 5 may be warmed in advance before pouring the brazing material 5 into the inside of the transport pipe 10. For example, when the brazing material 5 having a melting point of about 65 ° C. is used, the brazing material 5 may be poured after the brazing material 5 is warmed to about 50 ° C. Since the brazing material 5 is softened when warmed, if the prewarmed brazing material 5 is poured into the transport pipe 10, the brazing material 5 tends to adhere to the inner surface 10a. Therefore, since the brazing material 5 can be easily adhered by pre-warming the brazing material 5, the inner surface 10 a can be efficiently coated with the brazing material 5.

  After the coating with the brazing material 5 is performed to form the water repellent coating layer 30, the earth and sand are transported (transporting step). At this time, the negative pressure described above is generated by the compressor 21 and the ejector 22 to suck in the earth and sand from the suction pipe 11 and convey the earth and sand in the conveying direction. Since the earth and sand are conveyed while being in contact with the surface 30a of the water repellent coating layer 30, they are easily slipped with respect to the inner surface 10a. A series of processes are completed by conveying earth and sand as described above.

  As described above, according to the transport method and the transport device 1 according to the first embodiment, by coating the inner surface 10a of the transport pipe 10 with the brazing material 5, the portion of the inner surface 10a where the earth and sand contact is made the water repellent coating layer 30. And the water repellency of the part can be increased. Therefore, when the earth and sand are conveyed while being in contact with the surface 30a of the water repellent coating layer 30, the earth and sand can be made slippery with respect to the inner surface 10a. Therefore, it is possible to make it difficult for the earth and sand to stagnate on the inner surface 10a. Since the adhesion of earth and sand to the inner surface 10a is suppressed, it is possible to make it difficult to deposit earth and sand on the inner surface 10a, and thus it is possible to suppress the blockage inside the transport pipe 10. As a result, removal of the blocked portion can be made unnecessary, so that it is possible to prevent the earth and sand transport operation from being interrupted. Therefore, the efficiency of the conveyance work which conveys earth and sand can be improved.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, the earth and sand conveying apparatus according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following description, the description overlapping with the first embodiment will be omitted as appropriate. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in the earth and sand conveying apparatus according to the second embodiment, a low-friction material 40 having a strip shape is arranged inside the conveying pipe 10. The low friction material 40 is disposed, for example, inside the second hose 12d of the transfer hose 12. The low friction material 40 has a plurality of flexible sheets 40 s and is arranged so as to extend in a strip shape in the longitudinal direction of the transfer hose 12.

  One end 40a of each sheet 40s is connected by a string or the like so as to form an annular shape when viewed from the longitudinal direction of the conveying hose 12. The end 40a is fixed inside the transfer hose 12. The other end 40b of each sheet 40s is not connected to each other and is a free end that is not fixed to other members. Each sheet 40s extends in a strip shape in the longitudinal direction of the conveyance hose 12 with the fixed end 40a as a starting point.

  The strip shape refers to a shape in which a sheet-like member extends long and thin, may be a rectangular shape, or may be a shape other than a rectangle, such as an elliptical shape. The state in which the low friction material 40 extends in a strip shape means, for example, that each sheet 40 s of the low friction material 40 extends long and thin in the longitudinal direction of the transport hose 12 and intersects the longitudinal direction of the transport hose 12. Including the state that can swing.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the low friction material 40 is in a state of being gathered to the upstream side in a state where the earth and sand are not conveyed. In this case, when the earth and sand are conveyed, the low friction material 40 is in a state of extending in a strip shape. The low friction material 40 extends along the inner surface 12 a of the transport hose 12 in a state of extending in a strip shape in the longitudinal direction of the transport hose 12. The low friction material 40 has a plurality of slits 40 c extending in the longitudinal direction of the conveying hose 12, and the slits 40 c and the sheets 40 s are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the conveying hose 12. When the earth and sand are transported, the strip-shaped portions (each sheet 40 s) of the low friction material 40 extend in the longitudinal direction of the transport hose 12 and are swayed and deformed by the flow inside the transport hose 12.

  The low friction material 40 is deformed in a direction intersecting with the longitudinal direction of the transfer hose 12 and collides with the inner surface 12a of the transfer hose 12 or undulates. For example, the low friction material 40 swings so as to approach and separate from the inner surface 12a. Note that the low friction material 40 may not collide with the inner surface 12a depending on how the low friction material 40 is arranged or shaken. The strip-shaped portion of the low friction material 40 is deformed as described above, and the earth and sand are brought into contact with the low friction material 40, whereby the flow of earth and sand with respect to the inner surface 12a is promoted.

  The low friction material 40 is made of, for example, a fluororesin. For example, polytetrafluoroethylene is used as the fluororesin. The fluororesin has a property that it has a low coefficient of friction against earth and sand and is difficult to attach to earth and sand, for example, compared with hard polyethylene, polypropylene or vinyl chloride. The friction coefficient of hard polyethylene is 0.008 to 0.18, the friction coefficient of polypropylene is 0.3, and the friction coefficient of vinyl chloride is 0.45, whereas the friction coefficient of polytetrafluoroethylene is 0.004 to 0.1. Therefore, when the low friction material 40 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the low friction material 40 itself can also make it difficult to adhere earth and sand.

  Next, a method for transporting earth and sand according to the second embodiment will be described. In the earth and sand transport method according to the second embodiment, the low friction material 40 is disposed before the process of transporting earth and sand (step of placing the low friction material). For example, the end 40a of the low friction material 40 is fixed to the inside of the conveyance hose 12, and the low friction material 40 is gathered and arranged upstream. After the low-friction material 40 is disposed, the earth and sand inside the transport pipe 10 is transported (a transporting process) as in the first embodiment, and a series of processes is completed.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment, when the earth and sand are transported inside the transport pipe 10, the strip-shaped portion of the low friction material 40 is undulated in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the transport pipe 10. do. Due to this deformation, the low friction material 40 comes into contact with the earth and sand, so that the adhesion of earth and sand to the inner surface of the transport pipe 10 can be suppressed.

  According to the second embodiment, since the low friction material 40 is made of a fluororesin that is difficult to attach earth and sand, it is possible to make it difficult for the earth and sand to adhere to the low friction material 40. Therefore, by arranging the low friction material 40 made of fluororesin inside the transfer hose 12, adhesion of earth and sand to the low friction material 40 can be suppressed.

(Third embodiment)
Next, the earth and sand conveying apparatus according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, in the earth and sand transport apparatus according to the third embodiment, a cylindrical low friction material 41 is disposed inside the transport pipe 10. The low friction material 41 is a supple tube, and is disposed so as to extend in a cylindrical shape along the inner surface 12 a of the transfer hose 12.

  One end 41 a of the low friction material 41 is fixed inside the transfer hose 12. The other end 41b of the low friction material 41 is a free end that is not fixed to other members. The low friction material 41 is in a state of extending in a cylindrical shape along the inner surface 12a of the transfer hose 12 with the fixed end 41a as a starting point. Similarly to the low friction material 40 described above, the low friction material 41 may be in a state of being gathered to the upstream side when earth and sand are not being conveyed. And when earth and sand are conveyed, the low friction raw material 41 may be in the state extended in the cylinder shape.

  The low friction material 41 covers at least a part of the inner surface 12a in a state of extending in a cylindrical shape. The portion of the inner surface 12a covered with the low friction material 41 is a portion where friction with the earth and sand is reduced, and the earth and sand easily slip in the portion. The material of the low friction material 41 may be the same as that of the low friction material 40, for example. As an example, when the low friction material 41 is made of a fluororesin, it is possible to make it difficult to attach earth and sand to the low friction material 41 itself.

  In the method for transporting earth and sand according to the third embodiment, the low friction material 41 is disposed inside the transport pipe 10 before the step of transporting earth and sand (step of placing a low friction material). Specifically, the end portion 41a of the low friction material 41 may be fixed inside the transport hose 12 and the low friction material 41 may be gathered upstream. After the low friction material 41 is arranged inside the transfer hose 12, the earth and sand are transferred (transfer step). At this time, earth and sand are conveyed in a state where the low friction material 41 extends in a cylindrical shape along the inner surface 12a of the conveying hose 12, and then a series of steps is completed.

  As described above, according to the third embodiment, since the cylindrical low friction material 41 extends along the inner surface 10a of the transport pipe 10, the low friction material 41 covers the inner surface 10a of the transport pipe 10. Since the earth and sand are conveyed into the inside of the conveying pipe 10 in a state where the low friction material 41 covers the inner surface 10a of the conveying pipe 10, the earth and sand can be easily slipped with respect to the inner surface 10a of the conveying pipe 10. Therefore, it is possible to make it difficult for the earth and sand to stay on the inner surface 10a of the transport pipe 10, and thus adhesion of the earth and sand to the inner surface 10a of the transport pipe 10 can be suppressed.

(Fourth embodiment)
The earth and sand conveying apparatus according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, in the earth and sand transport apparatus according to the fourth embodiment, an uneven coat layer 43 is disposed inside the transport pipe 10 as a low friction material. The concavo-convex coat layer 43 may be provided over substantially the entire area inside the transport tube 10 or may be provided in part.

  On the surface 43 a of the uneven coat layer 43, for example, the recesses 6 and the protrusions 7 that are periodically arranged are formed. The height H of the convex part 7 with respect to the concave part 6 is, for example, not less than 10 nm and not more than 10000 nm (10 μm). By forming the concave portion 6 and the convex portion 7, the water repellency of the concave-convex coat layer 43 is enhanced. For example, when a liquid is dropped on the surface 43a on which the concave portion 6 and the convex portion 7 are formed, a droplet is formed so as to come into contact with the convex portion 7 on the surface 43a at a pinpoint, and between the surface 43a and the droplet. A void layer is formed. Since a void layer is formed between the surface 43a and the droplets, and the contact area of the droplets with the surface 43a can be reduced by the recesses 6 and the projections 7, at least higher than the inner surface 10a of the transport tube 10 Exhibits water repellency.

  A water film can be formed on the surface 43 a of the uneven coating layer 43 by moisture adsorption. For example, when the earth and sand come into contact with the surface 43 a, the water contained in the earth and sand enters the concave portions 6 of the uneven coat layer 43, thereby forming a water film between the plurality of convex portions 7. Since the water film causes the earth and sand to float from the surface 43a, it becomes difficult for the earth and sand to adhere to the surface 43a.

  The uneven coating layer 43 is made of, for example, a polyurea resin and may be formed of LINE-X (registered trademark). As an example, a coating containing a polyurea resin is sprayed onto the inner surface 10a of the transport tube 10 by spraying, and the sprayed coating is cured, whereby the uneven coat layer 43 is formed. The concavo-convex coat layer 43 is easily formed by spraying and painting the paint containing the polyurea resin onto the inner surface 10a.

  In the method for transporting earth and sand according to the fourth embodiment, the uneven coat layer 43 is disposed inside the transport pipe 10 before the step of transporting earth and sand (step of placing a low friction material). For example, the concavo-convex coat layer 43 is formed by spraying a paint containing a polyurea resin on the inner surface 10a of the transport pipe 10 by spraying and curing the paint. After the uneven coating layer 43 is formed on the inner surface 10a, the earth and sand are transported (a transporting process) in the same manner as in each of the embodiments described above. The earth and sand are conveyed while being in contact with the surface 43a of the uneven coating layer 43. A series of steps are completed through the above steps.

  As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, when the concavo-convex coat layer 43 that causes the water repellent effect is formed on the inner surface 10a of the transport tube 10, when the earth and sand are transported inside the transport tube 10, the inner surface 10a Sediment can be made slippery. Therefore, since it is possible to make it difficult for the earth and sand to stay on the inner surface 10a, adhesion of the earth and sand to the inner surface 10a can be suppressed.

(Fifth embodiment)
Next, a sediment transport apparatus according to a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 9, the earth and sand are shown in gray. The earth and sand conveyance device according to the fifth embodiment includes a contact reducing material that reduces the contact of earth and sand with the inner surface 10 a of the conveyance pipe 10, and the contact reducing material is the sandy material 50. The transport apparatus according to the fifth embodiment includes a sand material 50, a supply pipe 51 that supplies the sand material 50 to the transport pipe 10, and an ejector 52 disposed in the supply pipe 51.

  The sandy material 50 does not contain a highly adhesive component. For example, the fine particle content (Fc) of the sandy material 50 is about 0%. The fine particle content (Fc) is a value indicating the ratio of the fine particles contained in the sandy material (particles having a particle size of less than 75 μm) as a mass percentage. The average particle diameter of the sandy material 50 is, for example, 75 μm or more and 2 mm or less. The sandy material 50 is supplied from the ejector 52 to the inside of the transfer hose 12 via the supply pipe 51 and the ejector 22. The sandy material 50 is conveyed with earth and sand, for example, inside the ejector 22 and the second hose 12d. When the sandy material 50 is transported together with the earth and sand, the sandy material 50 is scattered around the earth and sand. When the sandy material 50 is scattered around the earth and sand, the sandy material 50 exhibits a function of suppressing the earth and sand from coming into contact with the inner surface 12a of the transfer hose 12.

  The sandy material 50 is discharged together with earth and sand at the end 12e of the transfer hose 12. After the sandy material 50 and the earth and sand are discharged from the end 12e, the sandy material 50 and the earth and sand are put into, for example, a vibrating screen machine 54. The vibration sieving machine 54 is a device having a sieving surface such as a net and sieving raw materials on the sieving surface. The vibration sieving machine 54 separates the sandy material 50 and earth and sand that have been input, and separates the sandy material 50 from the earth and sand. The sandy material 50 separated by the vibration sieving machine 54 can be reused as the sandy material 50 conveyed again with the earth and sand. The vibration sieving machine 54 may be a separate device from the conveying device, or may be integrated with the conveying device.

  The supply pipe 51 is connected to the upstream side of the ejector 22. The supply pipe 51 is made of, for example, a steel pipe and communicates with the ejector 22. A negative pressure is generated inside the supply pipe 51 by the operation of a compressor and ejector 52 (not shown), and the sandy material 50 is pumped in the direction indicated by the arrow E by this negative pressure. The sandy material 50 thus pumped is fed into the ejector 22, and the sandy material 50 fed into the ejector 22 is transported together with the earth and sand by the transport means 20 described above. The ejector 52 may have the same configuration and function as the ejector 22 described above.

  In the earth and sand conveying method according to the fifth embodiment, the sandy material 50 is conveyed together with earth and sand (conveying process). Specifically, by generating a negative pressure in the supply pipe 51, the sandy material 50 is sucked into the supply pipe 51 from the ejector 52, and the sandy material 50 is supplied into the ejector 22. Then, due to the negative pressure generated by the operation of the compressor 21 and the ejector 22, the earth and sand are sucked from the tip 11 a of the suction pipe 11 and the earth and sand are transported inside the transport pipe 10. The sandy material 50 fed into the ejector 22 is transported together with earth and sand, for example, inside the second hose 12d. Therefore, in the 2nd hose 12d, the sandy material 50 is conveyed with earth and sand in the state scattered around the earth and sand. The transport of earth and sand is completed through the above steps.

  It should be noted that the timing of starting the supply of the sandy material 50 to the ejector 22 may be before the earth and sand are transferred, or may be the same timing as the start of the earth and sand transfer, and when the earth and sand are being transferred. There may be. The sandy material 50 and earth and sand discharged from the end 12e of the transfer hose 12 may be put into the vibration sieve 54 to separate the sandy material 50 from the earth and sand. By separating the sandy material 50 from the earth and sand in this way, the separated sandy material 50 may be reused.

  As described above, according to the fifth embodiment, earth and sand are conveyed in a state where the sandy material 50 is scattered around the earth and sand inside the conveying pipe 10. Thus, by transporting the earth and sand in a state where the sandy material 50 is scattered, the earth and sand can be made difficult to contact the inner surface 10a of the transport pipe 10. Therefore, adhesion of earth and sand to the inner surface 10a of the conveyance pipe 10 can be suppressed.

(Sixth embodiment)
Next, the earth and sand conveying apparatus according to the sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, in the earth and sand transport device according to the sixth embodiment, an agglomerated material 56 is used as a contact reducing material that reduces the contact of earth and sand. In 6th Embodiment, the earth and sand with which the aggregate material 56 was mixed are conveyed.

  The aggregated material 56 is a material that aggregates the earth and sand by being mixed with the earth and sand. Aggregation is a process of combining fine particles of earth and sand into a lump. The aggregated material 56 is made of, for example, a soil modifying material containing zeolite or magnesium oxide. The aggregated material 56 aggregates the earth and sand by being mixed with the earth and sand by a granulator 57, for example.

  The granulator 57 is a granulator that forms a granulated material from raw materials by mixing the raw materials. The granulator 57 mixes the aggregated material 56 and the earth and sand that have been input, thereby forming a transport object 58 that is larger than the earth and sand before the addition. The granulator 57 may be a separate device from the transport device, or may be integrated with the transport device. The transport object 58 is transported inside the transport pipe 10. In the conveyance object 58, the highly adherent component of the earth and sand is confined in the interior due to the aggregation, and the highly adherent component is difficult to be exposed to the outside.

  In the earth and sand conveying method according to the sixth embodiment, the aggregated material 56 is mixed with the earth and sand before the conveying process. Specifically, the aggregated material 56 and the earth and sand are put into the granulator 57, and the aggregated material 56 and the earth and sand are mixed. Thereby, earth and sand are agglomerated and the conveyance target object 58 is formed. The composition of the earth and sand to be put into the granulator 57 and the aggregated material 56 and the components constituting the aggregated material 56 can be adjusted as appropriate depending on the type or components of the earth and sand. And the conveyance target object 58 is conveyed inside the conveyance pipe | tube 10 similarly to each embodiment mentioned above (process to convey).

  As described above, according to the sixth embodiment, by transporting the transport object 58 including the sediment in a state in which the highly adherent component is confined therein, the sediment on the inner surface 10a of the transport pipe 10 is highly adherent. The components can be made difficult to contact. Therefore, adhesion of earth and sand to the inner surface 10a can be suppressed. Furthermore, since the volume of the conveyance target 58 including earth and sand is increased by the aggregation, it is possible to make the earth and sand less adhere to the inner surface 10a than when the volume before the aggregation is small.

  Furthermore, since the volume of the conveyance target 58 is increased by the agglomeration, the force received by the conveyance target 58 during the conveyance can be increased as compared with the case where the volume before the aggregation is small. . Thereby, even if the conveyance object 58 contacts the inner surface 10a, the contacted conveyance object 58 can be easily peeled off from the inner surface 10a.

(Seventh embodiment)
Next, a sediment transport apparatus according to a seventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 11, the earth and sand are shown in gray, and the frozen and solidified surface of the earth and sand is indicated by a thick solid line. The earth and sand transport device according to the seventh embodiment includes freeze-solidifying means 59 that freezes and solidifies the earth and sand, and conveys the earth and sand frozen and solidified by the freeze-solidifying means 59.

  The freeze-solidifying means 59 includes an injection nozzle 60 that injects liquid nitrogen, and a rotating drum 61 that agitates the liquid nitrogen and earth and sand injected from the injection nozzle 60 inside. The injection nozzle 60 injects, for example, mist-like liquid nitrogen into the rotary drum 61. Sediment is put in the rotary drum 61 in advance. The rotating drum 61 has, for example, a cylindrical shape, and agitates liquid nitrogen and earth and sand injected from the injection nozzle 60 by rotating around the axis. The freeze-solidifying means 59 may be a separate device from the transport device, or may be integrated with the transport device.

  Liquid nitrogen and earth and sand are stirred, and liquid nitrogen is supplied to the earth and sand, so that at least the surface of the earth and sand instantaneously freezes and solidifies. Hereinafter, the earth and sand frozen and solidified by the freeze-solidifying means 59 will be referred to as “frozen earth and sand”. Frozen earth and sand have low surface adhesion due to their surfaces being frozen and solidified. Thus, the earth and sand are conveyed into the inside of the conveying pipe 10 in a state of being frozen earth and sand. After the frozen soil and sand are discharged from the end 12e of the transport hose 12, the frozen and solidified portion is thawed to return to the soil and sand in the same state as before being frozen and solidified.

  In the earth and sand conveying method according to the seventh embodiment, before conveying the earth and sand, at least the surface of the earth and sand is frozen and solidified to form frozen earth and sand (step of freezing and solidifying). Specifically, first, earth and sand are put into the rotating drum 61, and liquid nitrogen is injected into the earth and sand from the injection nozzle 60, and the rotating drum 61 is rotated to supply liquid nitrogen to the earth and sand. The amount of liquid nitrogen sprayed into the rotary drum 61 is appropriately adjusted depending on the type or components of the earth and sand. And frozen soil is conveyed in the inside of the conveyance pipe | tube 10 similarly to each embodiment mentioned above (process to convey).

  The frozen earth and sand are discharged from the end 12e of the transfer hose 12 after being transferred inside the transfer pipe 10. Thereafter, as described above, the frozen and solidified portion of the frozen soil is thawed to obtain the soil in the same state as before being frozen and solidified. Therefore, the moisture ratio of the earth and sand does not change greatly before and after the conveyance, and mud silting due to the increase in the moisture ratio of the earth and sand after the conveyance than before the conveyance is suppressed.

  As described above, according to the seventh embodiment, at least the surface is frozen and solidified, and the earth and sand whose surface adherence is reduced is conveyed inside the conveyance pipe 10, so that the earth and sand adhere to the inner surface 10 a of the conveyance pipe 10. Can be difficult. Further, according to the seventh embodiment, by supplying liquid nitrogen to the earth and sand, the earth and sand can be instantaneously frozen and solidified, so that the efficiency of the earth and sand transport operation can be improved. Furthermore, since the frozen and solidified portion of the earth and sand is thawed after the earth and sand is conveyed, mudging of the earth and sand can be suppressed. Therefore, the earth and sand after coming out of the conveyance pipe 10 can be easily processed.

(Eighth embodiment)
Next, a sediment transport apparatus according to an eighth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 12, the earth and sand are shown in gray and the moisture applied to the surface of the earth and sand is indicated by black dots. The earth and sand transport device according to the eighth embodiment includes a water supply unit 63 (supply means) for supplying water. The water supply unit 63 supplies water to the inside of the transport pipe 10 as a fluid that suppresses the accumulation of earth and sand on the inner surface 10 a of the transport pipe 10.

  For example, a plurality of water supply units 63 are arranged on the second hose 12d of the transfer hose 12. The water supply unit 63 includes a tank 64 for storing water, a pump 65 for pumping water from the tank 64, an injection nozzle 66 for injecting water pumped by the pump 65 into the second hose 12d, a pump 65, And a pipe 67 for connecting the injection nozzle 66. The water pumped up from the tank 64 by the pump 65 is sent to the injection nozzle 66 through the pipe 67.

  The injection nozzle 66 is located on the downstream side of the ejector 22, for example. The injection nozzle 66 is provided so as to penetrate the inner surface 12a and the outer surface 12b of the transfer hose 12. The spray nozzle 66 sprays water in a mist form so as to wet the inside of the transport hose 12. Thereby, the injection nozzle 66 imparts appropriate moisture to the surface of the earth and sand to such an extent that the earth and sand do not become muddy. The amount of water sprayed by the spray nozzle 66 is, for example, 100 mL / min or more and 6000 mL / min or less, but can be changed as appropriate.

  Since the spray nozzle 66 imparts appropriate moisture to the surface of the earth and sand, even if the earth and sand contacts the inner surface 12a of the transfer hose 12, a water layer is interposed between the earth and sand and the inner surface 12a. The layer makes it easier for the earth and sand to slip relative to the inner surface 12a. Therefore, the accumulation of earth and sand on the inner surface 12a of the transfer hose 12 is suppressed.

  The earth and sand transport method according to the eighth embodiment includes a step of jetting water, and transports the water jetted in the step of jetting water together with the earth and sand. Specifically, the water pumped up from the tank 64 by the pump 65 is sent to the injection nozzle 66 through the pipe 67, and water is sprayed from the injection nozzle 66 to the inside of the transfer hose 12 (step of spraying water). And like each embodiment mentioned above, earth and sand are conveyed in the inside of the conveyance pipe 10 (process to convey), and a series of processes are completed. The timing at which water is started to be injected by the water supply unit 63 may be before the earth and sand are conveyed, may be simultaneously with the start of the earth and sand conveyance, or may be when the earth and sand are being conveyed. .

  As mentioned above, according to 8th Embodiment, the water which suppresses the stay of earth and sand to the inner surface 12a of the hose 12 for conveyance is conveyed with earth and sand. Thereby, when conveying earth and sand inside the hose 12 for conveyance, the said sand can be made hard to stay on the inner surface 12a with the said water. Therefore, since the fluidity of the earth and sand with respect to the inner surface 12a can be improved, adhesion of the earth and sand to the inner surface 12a of the conveyance hose 12 can be suppressed.

  According to the eighth embodiment, water sprayed from the outside of the transfer hose 12 to the inside of the transfer hose 12 is used as water to be transferred together with earth and sand. Since the water supply unit 63 can impart appropriate moisture to the surface of the earth and sand, the surface of the earth and sand can be easily slid with respect to the inner surface 12 a of the transport hose 12. Therefore, since the fluidity of the earth and sand with respect to the inner surface 12a can be improved, adhesion of the earth and sand to the inner surface 12a can be suppressed. Further, by applying an appropriate amount of moisture to the surface of the earth and sand so as not to become mud, the earth and sand after it comes out of the transport pipe 10 can be easily treated.

(Ninth embodiment)
Next, the earth and sand conveying apparatus according to the ninth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 13, the earth and sand transport device according to the ninth embodiment includes vibrators 68 and 69 as supply means for supplying water. The earth and sand exudes to the outside by using the vibrations from the vibrators 68 and 69 as water. The frequency of vibration of the vibrators 68 and 69 is appropriately set based on the earth and sand components.

  The vibrator 68 is provided on the outside of the container 70 for storing the earth and sand before being sucked into the inside of the transport pipe 10. The vibrator 68 is disposed on the outer bottom surface 70a of the container 70, and applies vibrations to the earth and sand inside the container 70 from the outer bottom surface 70a. The vibrator 68 exudes water from the earth and sand before being sucked into the transport pipe 10.

  The vibrator 69 is provided, for example, outside the second hose 12d. As an example, the vibrator 69 is disposed on the downstream side of the ejector 22 in the transport hose 12. The vibrator 69 applies vibrations to the earth and sand inside the transfer hose 12 from the outer surface 12 b of the transfer hose 12.

  By exuding water from the earth and sand, moderate moisture is imparted to the surface of the earth and sand. By transporting earth and sand in a state where appropriate moisture is applied to the surface, even if the earth and sand contact the inner surface 10a of the transport pipe 10, a layer of water is interposed between the earth and sand and the inner surface 10a. Thus, the water oozed from the earth and sand due to vibration suppresses the accumulation of earth and sand on the inner surface 10a.

  The earth and sand transport method according to the ninth embodiment includes a step of leaching water, and transports the water leached in the step of leaching water together with the earth and sand. Specifically, vibration is applied to the earth and sand before being sucked into the inside of the conveyance pipe 10 by the vibrator 68, and vibration is applied to the earth and sand inside the conveyance hose 12 by the vibrator 69. As a result, water is leached from the soil before being sucked into the transport pipe 10 and water is oozed from the sand inside the transport pipe 10. And like each embodiment mentioned above, earth and sand are conveyed in the inside of the conveyance pipe 10 (process to convey), and a series of processes are completed. Vibrators 68 and 69 may continuously vibrate the earth and sand or may intermittently vibrate the earth and sand. Thus, the timing at which the vibrators 68 and 69 operate can be changed as appropriate.

  As described above, according to the ninth embodiment, since appropriate moisture can be applied to the surface of the earth and sand by vibration, the earth and sand can be easily slipped with respect to the inner surface 10 a of the transport pipe 10. Therefore, since the fluidity of the earth and sand with respect to the inner surface 10a can be improved, adhesion of the earth and sand to the inner surface 10a can be suppressed.

  According to the ninth embodiment, by allowing vibration to act on the earth and sand, the water oozed from the earth and sand can be used as a fluid for suppressing retention on the inner surface 10a. By allowing vibration to act on the earth and sand, it is possible to impart an appropriate amount of moisture to the surface of the earth and sand so as not to become mud, so that the earth and sand after it comes out of the transport pipe 10 can be easily treated. In the ninth embodiment, since water is leached from the earth and sand, it is not necessary to supply water from the outside of the transport pipe 10 to the inside of the transport pipe 10.

(10th Embodiment)
Next, the earth and sand conveying apparatus according to the tenth embodiment will be described. The earth and sand transport device according to the tenth embodiment includes a coil as water supply means at a position where the vibrator 69 of FIG. 13 is provided, for example. This conveying device is used, for example, when the earth and sand is a slurry-like clay having a moisture content higher than a predetermined value. The water content of the earth and sand to which this transport device is applied is, for example, a value that is greater than or equal to the plastic limit, and is preferably a value that is greater than the natural water content + 2% and less than or equal to twice the liquid limit. The coil is formed of, for example, a conductive wire wound around the second hose 12d, and generates an electromagnetic wave (electromagnetic energy) when a current flows through the conductive wire. In the same manner as in the case of receiving the vibration described above, the earth and sand exudes to the outside as retained water by receiving electromagnetic waves.

  The coil may be formed by winding a conducting wire around the container 70. The coil causes electromagnetic waves to act on the earth and sand accommodated in the container 70 when a current flows. The action of electromagnetic waves means that electric and magnetic influences are caused by electromagnetic waves, and includes the action of electromagnetic energy released by the generation of electromagnetic waves. The coil causes water to ooze from the earth and sand accommodated in the container 70 by applying electromagnetic waves to the earth and sand accommodated in the container 70. As described above, the arrangement position of the coils can be changed as appropriate. The water exuded from the earth and sand by receiving electromagnetic waves suppresses the accumulation of earth and sand on the inner surface 10a of the transport pipe 10 as in the ninth embodiment described above.

  In the earth and sand transport method according to the tenth embodiment, water is leached from the earth and sand by a coil. As a specific example, electromagnetic waves are applied to the earth and sand before being sucked into the inside of the transfer pipe 10 and the earth and sand inside the transfer hose 12 by a coil (step of leaching water). And like each embodiment mentioned above, earth and sand are conveyed in the inside of the conveyance pipe 10 (process to convey), and a series of processes are completed.

  As described above, also in the tenth embodiment, as in the ninth embodiment, the fluidity of the earth and sand with respect to the inner surface 10a of the transport pipe 10 can be increased, so that the adhesion of the earth and sand to the inner surface 10a can be suppressed. Further, according to the tenth embodiment, water can be leached from the earth and sand by applying electromagnetic waves to the earth and sand. Therefore, the same effect as in the ninth embodiment can be obtained.

(Eleventh embodiment)
Next, the earth and sand conveying apparatus according to the eleventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 14, earth and sand are shown in gray. The earth and sand conveying apparatus according to the eleventh embodiment includes an air supply unit 72 (supply means) for supplying air. The air supply unit 72 supplies, for example, compressed air as a fluid that is conveyed together with the earth and sand and suppresses the accumulation of earth and sand on the inner surface 10a of the conveying pipe 10.

  The air supply part 72 is arrange | positioned in the multiple places of the 2nd hose 12d of the hose 12 for conveyance, for example. The air supply unit 72 includes a compressor 73 that supplies air, an inflow nozzle 74 that flows air from the compressor 73 into the second hose 12 d, and a pipe 75 that connects the compressor 73 and the inflow nozzle 74. The air from the compressor 73 is sent into the inflow nozzle 74 through the inside of the pipe 75.

  The inflow nozzle 74 is provided in the conveyance hose 12 so as to penetrate the inner surface 12a and the outer surface 12b of the conveyance hose 12, for example. The inflow nozzle 74 flows the air sent from the compressor 73 through the pipe 75 in the direction indicated by the arrow E along the inner surface 12a. The inflow amount of air from the inflow nozzle 74 is, for example, 200 NL / min or more and 1200 NL / min or less, but can be adjusted as appropriate. Note that NL / min is a unit of inflow per minute measured in a reference state of a temperature of 0 ° C., an atmospheric pressure of 1013 hPa, and a relative humidity of 0%.

  When air is supplied from the inflow nozzle 74 along the inner surface 12a of the transfer hose 12, the air increases the flow velocity of the fluid flowing along the inner surface 12a. By the way, as shown in FIG. 15A, when the compressed air is not supplied to the inside of the transport hose 12, the transport hose 12 is compared with the center in the radial direction of the transport hose 12. The flow velocity of the fluid flowing on the inner surface 12a side becomes slow. Therefore, the earth and sand are less likely to flow on the inner surface 12a side than the center in the radial direction of the transfer hose 12, so that the earth and sand easily adhere to the inner surface 12a.

  On the other hand, when air is supplied along the inner surface 12a of the transfer hose 12, the flow rate of the fluid flowing on the inner surface 12a side can be increased by the air. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15B, the flow rate of the fluid inside the transfer hose 12 can be made constant regardless of the position inside the transfer hose 12. Further, by adjusting the inflow amount of air, as shown in FIG. 15C, the flow velocity of the air flowing on the inner surface 12 a side can be made faster than the flow velocity at the center in the radial direction of the transfer hose 12. . Thus, since the flow velocity of the fluid flowing on the inner surface 12a side of the transfer hose 12 can be increased, the fluidity of the earth and sand with respect to the inner surface 12a is enhanced. Therefore, the air supplied along the inner surface 12a suppresses the accumulation of earth and sand on the inner surface 12a.

  In the earth and sand conveying method according to the eleventh embodiment, the air supplied along the inner surface 12a of the conveying hose 12 is conveyed together with the earth and sand. Specifically, air is sent from the compressor 73 to the inflow nozzle 74, and air is supplied from the inflow nozzle 74 along the inner surface 12a (step of supplying air). At this time, the amount of air inflow may be adjusted to supply air so that the flow velocity on the inner surface 12a side becomes faster. And like each embodiment mentioned above, earth and sand are conveyed in the inside of the conveyance pipe 10 (process to convey), and a series of processes are completed. In addition, the air supply part 72 may supply air continuously and may supply air intermittently. Thus, the timing at which the air supply unit 72 operates can be changed as appropriate.

  As mentioned above, according to 11th Embodiment, in order to convey earth and sand with the air supplied along the inner surface 12a of the hose 12 for conveyance, by the air supplied along the inner surface 12a, the earth and sand by the side of the inner surface 12a and The air flow rate can be increased. Therefore, since the fluidity of the earth and sand with respect to the inner surface 12a can be improved, adhesion of the earth and sand to the inner surface 12a can be suppressed.

(Twelfth embodiment)
Next, a transport device according to a twelfth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 16, the earth and sand are painted in dark gray, and the liquid 80 which is not compatible with the earth and sand described later is painted in light gray. The transport apparatus according to the twelfth embodiment includes a liquid supply unit 76 (supply means) that supplies a liquid 80 that is not compatible with earth and sand. The liquid supply unit 76 supplies a liquid 80 that is not mixed with the earth and sand as a fluid that is conveyed together with the earth and sand and suppresses the accumulation of the earth and sand on the inner surface 10a of the conveying pipe 10.

  The liquid 80 not compatible with earth and sand is, for example, a liquid that does not mix with earth and sand and does not dissolve in earth and sand. As the liquid 80, for example, a fluorine-based liquid or a fire extinguishing liquid can be used. The fluorinated liquid is, for example, Novec (registered trademark) highly functional liquid. The fluorinated liquid may be a fluorinated solvent containing hydrofluoroether. The fire extinguishing liquid is, for example, a water film forming foam fire extinguishing agent.

  The liquid supply unit 76 includes a tank 77 that stores the liquid 80, a pump 78 that pumps the liquid 80 from the tank 77 and pumps it, a container 81 into which the liquid 80 pumped from the pump 78 enters, and a pump 78. And a pipe 79 extending from the container 81 to the container 81. The liquid 80 pumped up from the tank 77 by the pump 78 flows in the direction indicated by the arrow G inside the pipe 79. The end 79 a of the pipe 79 is opened above the container 81, and the liquid 80 flowing inside the pipe 79 is discharged from the end 79 a into the container 81.

  The container 81 stores earth and sand in advance, and the container 81 stores the earth and sand and the liquid 80 in a state of being separated from each other. The earth and sand and the liquid 80 accommodated in the container 81 are transported inside the transport pipe 10 as in the above-described embodiments. At this time, since the liquid 80 is a liquid that is not compatible with the earth and sand, even if it is transported with the earth and sand, it does not mix with the earth and sand and remains separated from the earth and sand.

  When the earth and sand 80 are transported inside the transport pipe 10, the liquid 80 is in a state of covering the surface of the earth and sand. The fluid 80 enhances the fluidity of the earth and sand with respect to the inner surface 10a of the transport pipe 10. That is, the liquid 80 supplied by the liquid supply unit 76 suppresses the accumulation of earth and sand on the inner surface 10a.

  The liquid 80 is discharged together with earth and sand at the end 12e of the transfer hose 12. The liquid 80 and the earth and sand are discharged from the end 12e and then charged into the sieve 82. The sieve 82 may be a device similar to the vibration sieve machine 54 described above, for example. The sieve 82 separates the liquid 80 and earth and sand that have been charged, and separates the liquid 80 from the earth and sand. The liquid 80 separated by the sieve 82 can be reused as the liquid 80 transported inside the transport pipe 10. The vibration sieving machine 82 may be a separate device from the conveying device, or may be integrated with the conveying device.

  In the earth and sand transport method according to the twelfth embodiment, the liquid 80 is transported together with the earth and sand. Specifically, the liquid 80 pumped up from the tank 77 by the pump 78 is pumped inside the pipe 79 and discharged into the container 81. Thereby, the earth and sand and the liquid 80 are combined in the container 81. And like each embodiment mentioned above, in the inside of the conveyance pipe 10, the liquid 80 and earth and sand are conveyed (process to convey), and a series of processes are completed.

  As described above, according to the twelfth embodiment, since the surface of the earth and sand is covered with the liquid 80 when the earth and sand are conveyed inside the conveying hose 12, the flow of the earth and sand with respect to the inner surface 12a of the conveying hose 12 is achieved. Can increase the sex. Therefore, adhesion of earth and sand to the inner surface 12a can be suppressed. In addition, the liquid 80 covering the surface of the earth and sand is not compatible with the earth and sand, and mixing of the earth and sand and the liquid 80 is suppressed, so that mud formation of the earth and sand can be suppressed. Therefore, the earth and sand after coming out of the conveyance hose 12 can be easily processed. Further, since the liquid 80 is not compatible with the earth and sand, the liquid 80 can be reused by separating the earth and the liquid 80 after the earth and sand are conveyed.

(13th Embodiment)
Next, a sediment transport apparatus according to a thirteenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 17, in the transfer device according to the thirteenth embodiment, a plurality of spiral grooves 83 are formed on the inner surface 10 a of the transfer tube 10. The spiral groove 83 is a spiral groove, and one of the plurality of spiral grooves 83 is shown in FIG. However, actually, a plurality of spiral grooves 83 are formed along the longitudinal direction of the transport pipe 10. For example, the spiral groove 83 is provided over substantially the entire region in the transport direction inside the transport pipe 10.

  As shown in FIG. 18A, when viewed from the longitudinal direction of the transport tube 10, each spiral groove 83 has a substantially rectangular shape, and a plurality of spiral grooves 83 are continuously arranged in the circumferential direction. Between the spiral grooves 83, convex portions 84 are formed. For example, the width W1 of each spiral groove 83 and the width W2 of the convex portion 84 are substantially equal. Note that the width W1 and the width W2 do not have to be equal to each other, but when the width W1 and the width W2 are substantially equal, the effect of making it difficult to disturb the air flow inside the transport pipe 10 is obtained. It is done.

  The arrangement interval of the spiral grooves 83 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction is, for example, not less than 50 mm and not more than 2000 mm. The arrangement interval of the spiral grooves 83 that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction refers to the midpoint in the circumferential direction of one spiral groove 83 and the midpoint in the circumferential direction of another spiral groove 83 that is adjacent to the one spiral groove 83. Distance. For example, the arrangement interval of the spiral grooves 83 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction is about 150 mm when the earth and sand is sandy earth, and is about 1500 mm when the earth and sand is viscous soil. Sandy soil is earth and sand having an average particle size of 2 mm or less. Cohesive soil is earth and sand aggregated to an average particle size of about 20 mm. As shown in FIG. 18B, the pitch L1 of the spiral groove 83 is, for example, 10 mm or more and 100 mm or less. The pitch L1 is a distance in the longitudinal direction of the transport pipe 10 from the point P1 to a point P2 that makes one round along the spiral groove 83 with an arbitrary point P1 of the spiral groove 83 as a reference.

  By forming the plurality of spiral grooves 83 on the inner surface 10a of the transport tube 10, the fluid flowing inside the transport tube 10 flows spirally along the inner surface 10a. When the fluid flows spirally along the inner surface 10a, the earth and sand transported together with the fluid inside the transport pipe 10 is given a swiveling motion. Thereby, the straightness of the earth and sand conveyed in the inside of the conveyance pipe 10 can be improved. Therefore, the accumulation of earth and sand on the inner surface 10a is suppressed by the fluid flowing in a spiral shape.

  In the earth and sand transport method according to the thirteenth embodiment, fluid is circulated in a spiral manner along the inner surface 10 a of the transport pipe 10. Specifically, a transport pipe 10 having a plurality of spiral grooves 83 formed on the inner surface 10a is prepared, and earth and sand are transported into the transport pipe 10 (transport process). At this time, since the plurality of spiral grooves 83 are formed on the inner surface 10a, the fluid flowing inside the transport pipe 10 flows spirally along the inner surface 10a. By conveying the earth and sand together with the fluid flowing in a spiral shape, the earth and sand are conveyed while being given a swivel motion. The transport of earth and sand is completed through the above steps.

  As described above, according to the thirteenth embodiment, the fluid flows spirally along the inner surface 10 a of the transport pipe 10, so that the earth and sand transported with the fluid in the transport pipe 10 is given a swiveling motion. Thereby, since the straightness of the earth and sand conveyed in the inside of the conveyance pipe 10 can be improved, adhesion of the earth and sand to the inner surface 10a can be suppressed.

  Although various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and may be modified or applied in other ways without changing the gist described in each claim. May be.

  In the above-described embodiment, the earth and sand transport method and the transport device used at the construction site have been described. However, the transport method and the transport device may be used at a place other than the construction site. The transport pipe of the present invention is not limited to the transport pipe 10 and may be a mixer 90 as shown in FIG. 19, for example. FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a mixer 90 which is an example of earth and sand transporting means. The mixer 90 is a device that conveys earth and sand while mixing and stirring the earth and sand.

  The mixer 90 has a cylindrical shape, and earth and sand containing fine particles and coarse particles can be circulated inside the mixer 90. The mixer 90 includes a cylindrical body 91 (conveying tube) configured by connecting a plurality of cylindrical portions in the axial direction, and a plurality of protruding portions 92 that protrude from the inner surface 91a of the cylindrical body 91 in the out-of-plane direction. Have. The cylindrical portions constituting the cylindrical body 91 are rotatable around the axis, and one cylindrical portion rotates in a direction opposite to the other cylindrical portion adjacent in the axial direction. Earth and sand pass through the inside of the cylinder 91, and the earth and sand passing through the inside of the cylinder 91 is agitated and mixed by rotation of each cylinder portion.

  When the earth and sand are introduced into the cylindrical body 91, they are conveyed inside the cylindrical body 91 while being agitated and mixed by rotation of each cylindrical part and collision with each projecting part 92 by a rotating means (conveying means) (not shown). Is done. The rotating means and the protruding portion 92 correspond to earth and sand transport means. By adopting at least one of the low friction material, the contact reducing material, and the fluid that suppresses the retention of earth and sand in the first to thirteenth embodiments described above for the mixer 90 that conveys earth and sand in this way, The same effects as those of the embodiments described above can be obtained. That is, adhesion of earth and sand to the inner surface 91a of the cylindrical body 91 of the mixer 90 can be suppressed.

  Although 1st Embodiment mentioned above demonstrated the example in which the water-repellent coating layer 30 was provided over the substantially whole region of the longitudinal direction inside the conveyance pipe 10, it is not restricted to this example. The water repellent coating layer 30 only needs to be provided in any part of the transport tube 10, and the location of the water repellent coating layer 30 can be changed as appropriate. The water repellent coating layer 30 may be provided on any part of the suction pipe 11, the transfer hose 12, and the pipe 13, for example.

  For example, the low friction material 40 of the second embodiment may be connected at a location other than the end portion 40a. Each sheet 40 s may extend in a direction other than the direction along the inner surface 12 a of the transport hose 12, for example, may extend in the radial direction of the transport hose 12. Further, the shape and number of each sheet 40s are not particularly limited. For example, each sheet 40s may have a shape with rounded corners, and the number of sheets 40s may be one.

  In the second and third embodiments described above, the example in which the low friction materials 40 and 41 are disposed inside the second hose 12d has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, the low friction materials 40 and 41 may be disposed inside any of the first hose 12 c, the pipe 13, and the suction pipe 11. That is, the low friction materials 40 and 41 may be disposed at any position inside the transport pipe 10.

  In the second and third embodiments described above, the low friction materials 40 and 41 are made of fluororesin. However, the low friction materials 40 and 41 may not be made of fluororesin. The low friction materials 40 and 41 may be made of, for example, hard polyethylene, polypropylene, or vinyl chloride.

  In the fourth embodiment described above, an example in which the uneven coat layer 43 is provided over substantially the entire length in the longitudinal direction inside the transport pipe 10 has been described, but the uneven coat layer 43 is provided in any part of the transport pipe 10. What is necessary is just to change, and the arrangement | positioning location of the uneven | corrugated coating layer 43 can be changed suitably. The uneven coat layer 43 may be provided on any part of the suction pipe 11, the transfer hose 12 and the pipe 13, for example.

  In the fifth embodiment described above, an example in which the sandy material 50 is fed into the ejector 22 and the sandy material 50 is transported together with earth and sand on the downstream side of the ejector 22 has been described. However, the place where the sandy material 50 is fed is not particularly limited. The sandy material 50 may be sent to any position inside the transport pipe 10. For example, the sandy material 50 may be sent to any of the suction pipe 11, the transport hose 12 and the pipe 13.

  In the seventh embodiment described above, an example in which liquid nitrogen is supplied to the earth and sand in order to freeze and solidify the earth and sand has been described, but means for freeze-solidifying the earth and sand is not limited to liquid nitrogen. For example, the means for freezing and solidifying may be dry ice or liquid oxygen.

  In the above-described eighth embodiment, the example in which the water supply unit 63 is disposed in the second hose 12d has been described. However, the location of the water supply unit 63 is not limited to the above example. For example, the water supply unit 63 may be disposed in any of the first hose 12c, the pipe 13, and the suction pipe 11. That is, the water supply unit 63 may be disposed at any position of the transport pipe 10. Further, the number of water supply units 63 is not particularly limited.

  In the ninth embodiment described above, the example in which the supply means for supplying water is the vibrators 68 and 69 has been described. However, the number, type, and arrangement location of the vibrators 68 and 69 can be changed as appropriate. For example, a vibrator may be arranged in the first hose 12c, the pipe 13 or the suction pipe 11.

  In the eleventh embodiment described above, the example in which the air supply unit 72 is arranged in the second hose 12d has been described, but the number, type, and arrangement location of the air supply unit 72 are not limited to the above example. For example, the air supply unit 72 may be arranged in any of the first hose 12c, the pipe 13 and the suction pipe 11.

  In the above-described twelfth embodiment, the example in which earth and sand and the liquid 80 are accommodated in the container 81 and then conveyed in the conveying pipe 10 has been described. . For example, the liquid 80 may be flown in advance inside the transport pipe 10 and the earth and sand may be transported to the transport pipe 10 in a state where the liquid 80 has flowed.

  In the thirteenth embodiment described above, the example in which the spiral groove 83 is formed on the inner surface 10a of the transport pipe 10 has been described. However, the shape, size, number, and arrangement of the spiral grooves 83 are appropriately changed. For example, the spiral groove 83 may be formed in any of the first hose 12c, the pipe 13, and the suction pipe 11.

  In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the conveying unit includes the compressor 21 and the ejector 22 has been described. However, the configuration of the conveying unit can be changed as appropriate. The conveying means may be, for example, a vacuum pump, a pressurizing means of a pressurizing pump, or a suction means such as a vacuum wheel.

  In the above-described embodiment, the transport pipe 10 including the suction pipe 11, the transport hose 12 and the pipe 13 has been described. However, the transport pipe is not limited to the one including the suction pipe 11, the transport hose 12, and the pipe 13, and the configuration of the transport pipe can be changed as appropriate. For example, only the suction pipe 11 or a transport pipe having only the transport hose 12 may be used, or a transport pipe in which the suction pipe 11 is removed from the transport hose 12 may be used. Further, the suction pipe 11, the transfer hose 12 and the pipe 13 may be a transfer pipe provided with another pipe having a different shape, size and material.

  Furthermore, the transport method and transport device according to the present invention include the water repellent coating layer 30 of the first embodiment, the strip-shaped low friction material 40 of the second embodiment, the cylindrical low friction material 41 of the third embodiment, The uneven coat layer 43 of the fourth embodiment, the sandy material 50 of the fifth embodiment, the aggregated material 56 of the sixth embodiment, the freeze solidifying means 59 of the seventh embodiment, and the water supply unit 63 of the eighth embodiment. The vibrators 68 and 69 of the ninth embodiment, the coil of the tenth embodiment, the air supply unit 72 of the eleventh embodiment, the liquid 80 not compatible with the earth and sand of the twelfth embodiment, and the spiral groove 83 of the thirteenth embodiment. A combination of a plurality of them may be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Conveying device, 5 ... Brazing material (low friction material made granular), 6 ... Concave part, 7 ... Convex part, 10 ... Conveying pipe, 10a ... Inner surface, 11 ... Suction pipe (conveying pipe), 11a ... Tip, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 ... Conveyance hose (conveyance pipe), 12a ... Inner surface, 12b ... Outer surface, 12c ... First hose, 12d ... Second hose, 12e ... End, 13 ... Pipe, 20 ... Conveyance means, 21 ... Compressor (conveyance) Means), 22 ... ejector (conveying means), 22a ... introduction pipe, 22b ... branch pipe, 22c ... confluence pipe, 23 ... hose, 30 ... water repellent coating layer (low friction material), 30a ... surface, 40, 41 ... Low friction material, 40a, 40b, 41a, 41b ... end, 40c ... slit part, 40s ... sheet, 43 ... uneven coating layer (low friction material), 43a ... surface, 50 ... sandy material, 51 ... supply piping, 52 ... Ejector, 54 ... Vibrating sieve 56 ... Aggregated material, 57 ... Granulator, 58 ... Object to be conveyed, 59 ... Freezing and solidifying means, 60 ... Injection nozzle, 61 ... Rotating drum, 63 ... Water supply unit, 64 ... Tank, 65 ... Pump, 66 ... Injection nozzle, 67 ... piping, 68, 69 ... vibrator, 70 ... container, 70a ... outer bottom surface, 72 ... air supply unit, 73 ... compressor, 74 ... inflow nozzle, 75 ... piping, 76 ... liquid supply unit, 77 ... tank 78 ... Pump, 79 ... Piping, 79a ... End, 80 ... Liquid, 81 ... Container, 82 ... Sieving, 83 ... Helix groove, 84 ... Convex, 90 ... Mixer, 91 ... Cylinder, 91a ... Inner surface, 92 ... projection, H ... height, L1 ... pitch, P1, P2 ... point, W1, W2 ... width.

Claims (8)

A transport method for transporting earth and sand inside a transport pipe,
A step of transporting earth and sand inside the transport pipe by a transport means;
In the transporting step, a transporting method of transporting a fluid that suppresses stagnation of sediment on the inner surface of the transport pipe together with the soil.   The transport method according to claim 1, wherein the fluid is water.   The transport method according to claim 2, further comprising a step of spraying the water from the outside of the transport pipe into the transport pipe.   The transport method according to claim 2, further comprising a step of leaching the water from the earth and sand by applying vibration or electromagnetic waves to the earth and sand. The fluid is air;
The transport method according to claim 1, further comprising a step of supplying the air along the inner surface.   The transport method according to claim 1, wherein the fluid is a liquid that is not compatible with earth and sand.   The transport method according to claim 1, wherein the fluid flows in a spiral shape along the inner surface. A transport pipe through which earth and sand are transported;
Transport means for transporting the earth and sand inside the transport pipe;
And a supply means for supplying a fluid that is transported together with the earth and sand and suppresses the retention of the earth and sand on the inner surface of the transport pipe.