JP2019019476A - Formwork unit, concrete cooling system, and concrete cooling method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a pipe cooling technique capable of avoiding a complicated work of laying a cooling pipe in a narrow and complicated area in a formwork and eliminating the need to fill mortar in the cooling pipe for solving conventional problems, and to provide a form unit, a concrete cooling system, and a concrete cooling method for realizing this technique.SOLUTION: A concrete cooling system of the present invention is provided with a formwork unit. The formwork unit has a concrete formwork and formwork cooling means. The formwork cooling means is a cooling pipe installed in a back face of the concrete formwork (or inside the concrete formwork). Then, as a coolant flows through the cooling pipe, concrete which is driven into the concrete formwork is cooled.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention mainly relates to post-cooling of concrete, more specifically, a formwork unit that cools concrete by cooling a formwork for placing concrete and thereby suppresses temperature cracking. , A concrete cooling system, and a concrete cooling method.

  Concrete is one of the most important construction materials together with steel, and is used in various structures including civil engineering structures such as dams, tunnels, and bridges, and building structures such as housing complexes and office buildings. This concrete structure may be manufactured in advance at a factory or the like and transported to a predetermined place. However, in the case of a civil engineering structure or a building structure, it is often constructed directly at a predetermined place (site). In any case, the concrete structure is constructed by placing concrete (fresh concrete) in which cement, water, aggregates, and the like are mixed into the formwork, waiting for the concrete to harden, and removing the formwork.

  As mentioned above, concrete is a material that hardens over time, and as time passes, the internal temperature rises due to the hydration reaction of the concrete, and its strength increases and the elastic modulus also improves. It is. By the way, cracks may occur in the process of changing from fresh concrete to “cured concrete” or during use as a structure after curing. Some concrete cracks are harmless without affecting the application of the structure, while others are harmful. Therefore, there are many parts that have been elucidated about the cause and mechanism of the occurrence of cracks, and various methods have been adopted as countermeasures.

  The types of cracks are classified according to the cause of the cracks, and are further roughly divided into causes before and after hardening the concrete. Causes before hardening include “initial cracks” caused by mold movement and abnormal setting of cement, “plastic shrinkage cracks” caused by rapid drying of the surface during curing, and the like. On the other hand, the causes after hardening are “dry shrinkage cracks” caused by shrinkage of cement gel due to water loss, “physical / chemical cracks” caused by corrosion of reinforcing bars and alkali-aggregate reaction, and excessive loads. Examples include “structural cracks” caused by action and settlement of structures.

  Further, in a concrete structure having a relatively large thickness (so-called mass concrete), temperature cracking may be a problem. The temperature cracks are roughly classified into those caused by internal restraints and those caused by external restraints, and the processes (mechanisms) until the cracks are generated are different.

  As concrete hardens, the reaction between water and cement occurs. At that time, heat of hydration is generated, so the temperature of the concrete increases with time. However, when the outside air temperature is low, the surface temperature of the concrete does not increase so much in the portion (outer peripheral portion) close to the concrete surface due to heat radiation (heat transfer) to the outside air. As a result, a remarkable temperature difference is generated between the inside and the outer periphery of the concrete, and the thermal expansion occurs inside, whereas the outer periphery does not expand so much, and a tensile force acts on the outer periphery. What is generated by this tensile force is a temperature crack due to internal restraint.

  On the other hand, when the concrete reaches a predetermined temperature, the temperature starts to drop, and the concrete tends to shrink as a whole as the temperature drops. However, where it is in contact with existing concrete or the like, it is in a restrained state and cannot shrink freely. As a result, a tensile force acts on a portion of the concrete that is restricted to the outside. What is generated by this tensile force is a temperature crack due to external restraint. Note that temperature cracks due to external constraints often result in cracks penetrating the housing.

  Thus, although the generation mechanism differs between the temperature crack due to internal restraint and the temperature crack due to external restraint, it is common in that it is caused by the temperature rise of concrete caused by the heat of hydration of cement. Therefore, as a countermeasure against temperature cracks, a technique for suppressing the temperature rise of concrete has become the mainstream. For example, as a countermeasure at the time of design, in order to suppress the rise in heat of hydration, the formulation design is devised, such as the use of low exothermic cement, the reduction of cement amount, the use of an admixture that reduces the heat of hydration. . Alternatively, the installation of a crack-inducing joint may be planned for the purpose of inducing a crack in a place where there is no influence even if a crack is relatively generated.

  Typical countermeasures for temperature cracking during construction include pre-cooling, post-cooling, and long-term thermal insulation curing. Pre-cooling is to cool fresh concrete at the time of driving, using flaky ice for mixing water, spraying liquid nitrogen during mixing in mixers and track agitators, and various cooling methods are adopted. Has been.

  Post-cooling includes a method in which a temperature diffusion surface is provided inside the housing such as a cooling slot to promote natural cooling, and pipe cooling in which cooling water is passed through the pipe to cool the concrete. In this pipe cooling, a cooling pipe such as a thin-walled steel pipe (hereinafter referred to as “cooling pipe”) is laid in the housing in advance, and low-temperature water or air (hereinafter referred to as “refrigerant”) is poured into the cooling pipe after placing concrete. It is a technique to send to.

  When it is necessary to develop concrete strength at an early stage, such as when it is necessary to complete a structure in a dry season in a river or when it is necessary to construct it in a limited construction period in an urban area, various cooling methods are required. In many cases, pipe cooling is effective. As countermeasures for temperature cracking, it is difficult to develop early strength when using concrete mixes such as using low heat cement or reducing the amount of cement. Precooling is relatively expensive and requires considerable equipment. Therefore, it may not be adopted due to cost and yard problems. On the other hand, pipe cooling can be used without any problem even in such a case because it is not subject to any particular restrictions on concrete mixing, and can be constructed at a lower cost than pre-cooling and without requiring a large yard.

  As described above, pipe cooling is an effective countermeasure against temperature cracking, and of course, various proposals related to pipe cooling have been made. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an invention in which the temperature and amount of cooling water can be adjusted by a temperature difference between the predicted temperature of concrete analyzed under cooled conditions and the actual temperature measured. Discloses an invention for determining whether or not to continue cooling using a temperature difference of the refrigerant while flowing through the concrete.

JP 2014-005716 A JP 2014-009530 A

  As described above, pipe cooling is an effective countermeasure against temperature cracking, but some problems can also be pointed out in pipe cooling. Normally, countermeasures against temperature cracking are performed on mass concrete, which is large massive concrete. In the concrete standard method, when the plate thickness is 80-100 cm or more with a wide slab and the wall thickness is 50 cm or more with a wall having a constraint at the lower end, measures against temperature cracking are taken as mass concrete. In other words, concrete with a plate thickness of 80 cm or a wall thickness of 50 cm may be a target for countermeasures against temperature cracking. However, if the mass concrete has a large spread in the plane, the cooling pipe can be easily arranged. However, in the case of column concrete (such as piers) or wall (such as retaining walls) mass concrete, the horizontal section is small. In some cases it is difficult to adopt pipe cooling. This is because the cooling pipe laying operation becomes extremely complicated due to the presence of reinforcing bars in a narrow range, and such a complicated piping work must be repeated if there are many driving lifts.

  Even in cases where pipe cooling can be used, the cooling pipe laying operation still requires a large amount of labor, which increases the cost and the construction period (construction period). Furthermore, since the cooling pipe must be filled with mortar after the pipe cooling is completed, the labor and cost of the cooling pipe are increased, and a hollow portion that is not filled with mortar may be formed.

  The object of the present invention is to solve the conventional problem, that is, avoiding the troublesome work of laying the cooling pipe in a narrow and complicated area in the mold, and does not require mortar filling of the cooling pipe. It is to provide a post-cooling technique, and to provide a formwork unit, a concrete cooling system, and a concrete cooling method that realize this.

  The present invention pays attention to the point that a form cooling means is provided on the back of the formwork instead of laying a cooling pipe in the concrete for post-cooling the concrete. It was made based on.

  The formwork unit of the present invention includes a concrete formwork and a cooling pipe. The cooling pipe allows the coolant to flow, and is installed on the back surface of the concrete mold (or inside the concrete mold).

  In the formwork unit of the present invention, the cooling pipe may function as a reinforcing material for the concrete formwork.

  The concrete cooling system of the present invention includes a formwork unit. This formwork unit has a concrete formwork and formwork cooling means, and this formwork cooling means is a cooling pipe installed on the back of the concrete formwork (or inside the concrete formwork). Then, the concrete poured into the concrete mold is cooled as the refrigerant flows through the cooling pipe. Further, the formwork unit of the present invention may be provided with a refrigerant pressure feeding means for pumping the refrigerant, or may be constituted by a plurality of formwork units. In this case, the cooling pipes of the mold unit and the cooling pipes of the other mold units are connected by the relay pipe, so that the delivered refrigerant flows across the cooling pipes of the plurality of mold units.

  The concrete cooling system of the present invention may be provided with a refrigerant generating means in addition to the mold unit. The formwork cooling means of the formwork unit in this case is a radiating fin installed on the back surface of the concrete formwork. Then, the concrete generated in the concrete mold is cooled by sending out the refrigerant generated by the refrigerant generating means to the heat radiating fins.

  The concrete cooling system of the present invention can also include a formwork unit in which a Peltier element is installed as formwork cooling means. This Peltier element is installed on the back of the concrete formwork. Then, by energizing the Peltier element, the concrete placed in the concrete mold is cooled.

  The concrete cooling method of the present invention is a method including a mold unit installation step, a concrete placing step, and a cooling step. Among these, the mold unit is installed in the mold unit installation process, and the concrete is poured into the concrete mold of the mold unit in the concrete placing process. In the cooling step when the formwork cooling means is a cooling pipe, the concrete is cooled by allowing the refrigerant to flow through the cooling pipe. Further, in the cooling step when the mold cooling means is a radiating fin, the concrete is cooled by sending the refrigerant generated by the refrigerant generating means to the radiating fin, while the mold cooling means is a Peltier element. In the cooling process, the concrete is cooled by energizing the Peltier element.

  The concrete cooling method of the present invention may be a method further comprising a planning step. In this planning process, the poured concrete is divided into a cooling range and a non-cooling range. In this case, in the mold unit installation step, the mold unit is installed only in the cooling range, and in the cooling step, the concrete only in the cooling range is cooled.

The formwork unit, concrete cooling system, and concrete cooling method of the present invention have the following effects.
(1) The poured concrete can be cooled by allowing the refrigerant to flow through the cooling pipe of the formwork unit, thereby effectively suppressing the temperature crack of the concrete.
(2) It is not necessary to lay a cooling pipe in a narrow and complex formwork, and post-cooling workability can be improved and labor can be saved.
(3) It is not necessary to fill the cooling pipe with mortar after the cooling is completed, and it is possible to save the trouble and to avoid the remaining of the cavity portion not filled with mortar.
(4) The cooling pipe is not collected in the conventional pipe cooling, whereas the formwork unit of the present invention can be used many times, so it can be said to be a rational and economical method.
(5) Since the cooling pipe laying work in the mold and the mortar filling work after the cooling can be omitted, the cost including the material cost can be reduced and the construction period can be shortened.

The block diagram which shows the main structures of the concrete cooling system of this invention in the case of utilizing a cooling pipe as a formwork cooling means. (A) is the rear view which looked at the formwork unit of this invention from the back side, (b) is the side view of a formwork unit. The side view of the formwork unit of this invention in which the space between cold water was installed in the concrete formwork. The rear view which shows 28 formwork units installed in order to drive concrete for 1 lift. (A) is a rear view showing the upper and lower two-stage mold unit, (b) is a side view showing the upper and lower two-stage mold unit. Detail drawing which shows the connection structure of a cooling pipe and a relay pipe. The perspective view of the concrete cooling system of this invention in the case of using a radiation fin as a formwork cooling means. The side view of the concrete cooling system of this invention in the case of utilizing a Peltier element as a formwork cooling means. The flowchart which shows the flow of the main processes of the concrete cooling method of this invention. (A) is a model figure which shows the cooling range and non-cooling range of concrete, (b) is a rear view which shows the state which installed the formwork unit with respect to the cooling range, and installed the normal formwork with respect to the non-cooling range.

  An example of embodiments of a formwork unit, a concrete cooling system, and a concrete cooling method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the concrete cooling method of this invention is a method of cooling concrete using the concrete cooling system of this invention. Therefore, first, the concrete cooling system of the present invention will be described, and then the concrete cooling method of the present invention will be described. Moreover, since the formwork unit of this invention is one of the elements which comprise the concrete cooling system of this invention, it shall be demonstrated collectively in describing the concrete cooling system of this invention.

1. Concrete Cooling System The concrete cooling system according to the present invention is characterized in that it includes a “formwork unit” including a concrete formwork and formwork cooling means. And this formwork unit can be divided into several types according to the formwork cooling means. Specifically, it is classified into a formwork unit using a cooling pipe as a formwork cooling means, a formwork unit using a radiating fin as a formwork cooling means, and a formwork unit using a Peltier element as a formwork cooling means. Can do. Hereinafter, each of the three types of formwork units will be described in order.

(Case using cooling pipe)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a main configuration of a concrete cooling system 100 of the present invention when a cooling pipe is used as a form cooling means. As shown in this figure, the concrete cooling system 100 can cool the concrete CS that has been placed therein, and includes a formwork unit 300. In addition to the mold unit 300, the refrigerant pressure feeding means 200 for feeding the refrigerant, the water supply pipe 410, the drain pipe 420, the return tank 430, and the refrigerant cooling means 440 may be included. Here, the refrigerant is a low-temperature liquid or gas. For example, a liquid such as ground water, river water or tap water, or a gas such as air or chlorofluorocarbon having a low temperature can be used as the refrigerant. In addition, when it is not necessary to separately provide a means for sending out the refrigerant, such as using tap water as the refrigerant, the refrigerant pressure feeding means 200 and the water supply pipe 410 are not necessarily required as the constituent elements. Similarly, when the refrigerant is not circulated, the return tank 430 does not need to be a constituent element. When the refrigerant already sufficiently low in temperature such as ground water, river water, or tap water is used, the refrigerant cooling means 440 is configured. It is not necessary to be a requirement. However, when using uncooled groundwater, river water, or tap water, it is desirable to investigate the temperature in advance and analyze the concrete temperature.

  As will be described later, the mold unit 300 has a cooling pipe 320 as a mold cooling means. The cooling pipe 320 (inlet) and the refrigerant pressure feeding means 200 (or tap water faucet) are as shown in FIG. Are connected by a water pipe 410. The cooling pipe 320 (discharge port) and the return tank 430 are connected by a drain pipe 420, and the return tank 430 and the refrigerant cooling means 440, and the refrigerant cooling means 440 and the refrigerant pressure sending means 200 are connected by a predetermined pipe line. The refrigerant pumped from the refrigerant pumping means 200 circulates so as to return to the refrigerant pumping means 200 again through each means. As described above, the return tank 430 may be omitted, and a non-circulating type in which the refrigerant is not reused may be used.

  2A and 2B are views showing the mold unit 300. FIG. 2A is a rear view of the mold unit 300 viewed from the back side, and FIG. 2B is a side view of the mold unit 300. FIG. As shown in this figure, the formwork unit 300 includes a concrete formwork 310 and a cooling pipe 320, and the cooling pipe 320 is installed on the back side of the concrete formwork 310. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 3, a cooling pipe 320 can be installed inside the concrete mold 310. Here, for convenience, as shown in FIG. 2B and FIG. 3, the side on which concrete is poured is defined as the “front side” of the concrete mold 310 and the opposite side is defined as the “back side”.

  The concrete formwork 310 of the formwork unit 300 is a conventionally used formwork for concrete, and various kinds such as plywood and steel can be used. The cooling pipe 320 of the mold unit 300 allows the refrigerant to flow therethrough and has a hollow tubular shape, and as shown by an arrow (flow of refrigerant) in FIG. A series of flow paths are formed so that the refrigerant flows on the side. Specifically, the refrigerant sent through the water supply pipe 410 enters the cooling pipe 320 via the inlet connection pipe 330, passes through a series of flow paths (cooling pipe 320), and then passes through the outlet connection pipe 340. And discharged to the drain pipe 420. In FIG. 2, four stages of cooling pipes 320 are installed so that the refrigerant flows back and forth in the mold unit 300 twice. However, the number of stages in which the cooling pipes 320 are installed is one stage or more. It can be designed appropriately according to the situation.

  Conventionally, when assembling a concrete formwork, the back side of the concrete formwork is prevented from protruding to the back side in order to prevent the concrete formwork from falling down (so that it does not fall out) during driving, or the back side is square steel pipe. There were times when it was reinforced. On the other hand, in the mold unit 300 of the present invention, since the cooling pipe 320 can function as a reinforcing material for the concrete mold 310, it is not necessary to reinforce with a square steel pipe or the like. Specifically, the cooling pipe 320 is made of a material having a considerable strength such as steel, and the cooling pipe 320 is installed so as to be reinforced from the back side of the concrete mold 310 as shown in FIG. For example, a steel pipe, a half of the steel pipe, or a tubular body processed by a steel plate can be used as the cooling pipe 320 and can be fixed to the back surface of the concrete mold 310 by welding or bolt fixing. In this case, the concrete mold 310 may be a steel mold in order to allow the cooling pipe 320 to be fixed by welding or to expect the strength of the mold itself.

  When placing a certain volume of concrete, a plurality of formwork units 300 may be used. For example, in FIG. 4, 28 (4 stages × 7 rows) formwork units 300 are installed to drive concrete CS for one lift. And the cooling pipe 320 of the form unit 300 arrange | positioned at the uppermost stage of each row | line | column is connected with the water supply pipe | tube 410 by the inlet connecting pipe 330, and cooling of the formwork unit 300 arrange | positioned at the lowermost stage of each row | line | column. The pipe 320 is connected to the drain pipe 420 by an outlet connecting pipe 340. In other words, the refrigerant can be supplied from one water supply pipe 410 to a plurality of mold units 300 (seven locations in the figure), and the refrigerant discharged from the plurality of mold units 300 can be sent back by one drain pipe 420. .

  Further, the cooling pipes 320 of the formwork units 300 arranged side by side can be connected by a relay pipe 350. FIGS. 5A and 5B are views showing the upper and lower two-stage mold unit 300 in which a part of FIG. 4 is enlarged. FIG. 5A is a rear view thereof, and FIG. As shown in this figure, a discharge port (end of a series of flow paths) of a cooling pipe 320 of a mold unit 300 (herein, referred to as “upper mold unit 301” for convenience) disposed above, and below The inlet (the start end of a series of flow paths) of the cooling pipe 320 of the placed form unit 300 (referred to here as “lower form unit 302” for convenience) is connected by a relay pipe 350.

  The cooling pipe 320 and the relay pipe 350 can be connected using an introduction pipe 361 and a coupler 362 as shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a detailed view showing “a part” in FIG. As shown in this figure, the introduction pipe 361 is inserted into the cooling pipe 320 at the discharge port of the upper mold unit 301, and the introduction pipe 361 is inserted into the cooling pipe 320 at the inlet of the lower mold unit 302, respectively. The coupler 362 installed at the tip of 361 and the relay pipe 350 are connected. By using the introduction pipe 361 and the coupler 362 as described above, the cooling pipe 320 and the relay pipe 350 can be easily connected, and the relay pipe 350 can be easily detached. Note that the introduction pipe 361 can be fixed to the cooling pipe 320 or can be detachably attached.

(Case using radiating fins)
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the concrete cooling system 100 of the present invention in the case of using the radiation fins 370 as the formwork cooling means. The concrete cooling system 100 can cool the concrete CS that has been placed therein, and includes a formwork unit 300 and a refrigerant generating means 500 as shown in this figure. The mold unit 300 includes a concrete mold 310 and heat radiating fins 370 as mold cooling means. A large number of the radiating fins 370 are arranged on the back side of the concrete mold 310, and the concrete mold 310 can be cooled by the fed refrigerant, and further, the concrete CS on the front side of the mold can be cooled.

  It is the refrigerant generating means 500 that sends the refrigerant to the heat radiation fins 370. The refrigerant generating means 500 also has a function of generating a refrigerant. For example, a cooled gas (such as air) or a cooled liquid (such as water) can be generated as the coolant, and the coolant can be sent to the heat radiation fins 370. Or it can also be set as the specification which sprays with respect to the radiation fin 370 while generating the cooled mist, and can also be set as the specification which sends cold air, cold water, and mist to the radiation fin 370 in combination.

(Case using Peltier element)
FIG. 8 is a side view of the concrete cooling system 100 of the present invention when a Peltier element 380 is used as the formwork cooling means. The concrete cooling system 100 can cool the concrete CS that has been placed therein, and includes a formwork unit 300 as shown in FIG. The mold unit 300 includes a concrete mold 310 and a Peltier element 380 as a mold cooling means. The Peltier element 380 is disposed on the back side of the concrete mold 310, and can cool the concrete mold 310 by energizing through the electric cable, and can further cool the concrete CS on the front side of the mold.

2. Next, the concrete cooling method of the present invention will be described. In addition, the concrete cooling method of this invention is a method of using the concrete cooling system 100 demonstrated so far, as mentioned above, Therefore, the description which overlaps with the content demonstrated by the concrete cooling system 100 is avoided, and a concrete cooling method is used. Only the specific contents will be explained. That is, the contents not described here are the same as those described in the concrete cooling system 100.

  The concrete cooling method of the present invention is effective for mass cracking because it is effective as a countermeasure against temperature cracks, and the member thickness is relatively small (for example, about 1 m or less) among the mass concrete because it is cooled from the concrete surface. It is particularly suitable when implemented on concrete. Hereinafter, it will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  First, of the concrete that is planned to be placed, a range that is cooled by the concrete cooling system 100 (hereinafter referred to as “cooling range”) and a range that is not cooled (hereinafter referred to as “non-cooling range”). Set (Step 10). In setting the cooling range, the cooling range can be set based on a temperature stress analysis using a three-dimensional FEM (Finite Element Method). For example, it is possible to calculate the temperature stress history of the target concrete under conditions where cooling is not performed, further obtain a crack index for each node, and set a range in which the crack index is below a predetermined threshold as the cooling range.

  When the cooling range and the non-cooling range can be set as shown in FIG. 9 (Step 10), the mold unit 300 is installed for the cooling range (Step 20), and the normal formwork (the normal formwork is set for the non-cooling range. 600) is installed (Step 30). FIG. 10 shows a case in which concrete CS is driven onto existing bottom plate concrete, (a) is a model diagram showing the cooling range and non-cooling range of concrete CS, and (b) is a formwork for the cooling range. It is a rear view which shows the state which installed the unit 300 and installed the normal formwork 600 with respect to the non-cooling range. In FIG. 10A, the shaded portion is shown as the cooling range. As shown in this figure, the range over the entire length of the enclosure (from the right end to the left end) may be set as the cooling range, and depending on the analysis results and the local situation, a part of both ends (or one end) was excluded. The range (the portion indicated by the broken line in FIG. 10A) may be set as the cooling range.

  When the formwork unit 300 and the normal formwork 600 can be installed, concrete CS is driven into the front side of the concrete formwork 310 and the front side of the normal formwork 600 of the formwork unit 300 (Step 40). Then, the concrete cooling system 100 is operated to cool the poured concrete CS (Step 50). That is, when the cooling pipe 320 is used as the formwork cooling means, the coolant flows through the cooling pipe 320 on the back surface (or inside) of the concrete formwork 310, and when the radiating fins 370 are used as the formwork cooling means, the concrete mold is used. When the refrigerant is sent to the heat dissipating fins 370 on the back surface of the frame 310 and the Peltier element 380 is used as a mold cooling means, the concrete mold 310 is cooled by energizing the Peltier element 380 on the back surface of the concrete mold 310, Cool the concrete CS on the front side of the formwork. Of course, at this time, only the cooling range (the part where the mold unit 300 is installed) is cooled, and the non-cooling range (the part where the normal mold 600 is installed) is not cooled. In addition, a concrete cooling process (Step50) may be started after concrete placement, and may be started before concrete placement or during placement work.

  After the concrete is placed, the concrete CS is cooled for the planned time, and when the proper curing is completed, the concrete CS is cooled and the mold is disassembled (demolded) (Step 60). In addition, although the case where the concrete CS is partially cooled has been described so far, the entire concrete CS can be cooled by the concrete cooling system 100. In this case, the concrete CS entire range where the placement is planned becomes the cooling range, and the formwork unit 300 is installed for the concrete CS entire range. That is, the planning process (Step 10) and the normal formwork installation process (Step 30) indicated by broken lines in FIG. 9 can be omitted.

  Formwork unit, concrete cooling system, and concrete cooling method of the present invention include tunnel lining concrete, civil engineering structures such as bridge superstructures and substructures, retaining walls, culverts, dams, and buildings such as collective housing and office buildings. It can be used for structures and other various concrete structures. Considering that the present invention provides a high-quality concrete structure with few temperature cracks, it can be said that the invention can be used not only industrially but can also make a great social contribution.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Concrete cooling system 200 of this invention 200 (Concrete cooling system) Feeding means 300 (Concrete cooling system) Formwork unit 301 (Concrete cooling system) Upper formwork unit 302 (Concrete cooling system) Lower formwork unit 310 ( Concrete formwork 320 (for formwork unit) Cooling pipe 330 (for formwork unit) Inlet connection pipe 340 (for formwork unit) Outlet connection pipe 350 (for formwork unit) Relay pipe 361 (Formwork) Unit introduction pipe 362 Coupler (formwork unit) coupler 370 Radiating fin 380 (Formwork unit) Peltier element 410 (Concrete cooling system) Water supply pipe 420 (Concrete cooling system) Drain pipe 430 (Concrete cooling system Temu of) the return tank 440 (the concrete cooling system) refrigerant cooling means 500 refrigerant generating means 600 common formwork CS concrete

Claims (11)

Concrete formwork,
A cooling pipe through which the refrigerant flows,
The cooling pipe is installed on the back or inside of the concrete formwork,
Formwork unit characterized by that. The cooling pipe functions as a reinforcing material for the concrete formwork;
The formwork unit according to claim 1. A formwork unit having a concrete formwork and formwork cooling means is provided, and the formwork cooling means is a cooling pipe installed on the back or inside of the concrete formwork,
As the refrigerant flows through the cooling pipe, the concrete placed in the concrete formwork is cooled.
Concrete cooling system characterized by that. Refrigerant pumping means for pumping the refrigerant is further provided, and the refrigerant pumped by the refrigerant pumping means flows through the cooling pipe.
The concrete cooling system according to claim 3. It is composed of a plurality of the formwork units,
The cooling pipe of the mold unit is connected to the cooling pipe of another mold unit by a relay pipe,
A refrigerant flows through the cooling pipes of the plurality of mold units;
The concrete cooling system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by the above. A mold unit having a concrete mold and a mold cooling means, and a refrigerant generating means, the mold cooling means is a radiating fin installed on the back of the concrete mold,
By sending out the refrigerant generated by the refrigerant generating means to the heat radiating fins, the concrete placed in the concrete mold is cooled.
Concrete cooling system characterized by that. A mold unit having a concrete mold and a mold cooling means, the mold cooling means is a Peltier element installed on the back of the concrete mold;
By energizing the Peltier element, the concrete placed in the concrete formwork is cooled.
Concrete cooling system characterized by that. A formwork unit installation step of installing a formwork unit having a concrete formwork and formwork cooling means;
A concrete placing process for placing concrete in the concrete formwork,
A cooling step of cooling concrete with the formwork cooling means,
The formwork cooling means is a cooling pipe installed on the back or inside of the concrete formwork,
In the cooling step, the concrete poured into the concrete formwork is cooled by allowing a refrigerant to flow through the cooling pipe.
A concrete cooling method characterized by that. A formwork unit installation step of installing a formwork unit having a concrete formwork and formwork cooling means;
A concrete placing process for placing concrete in the concrete formwork,
A cooling step of cooling concrete with the formwork cooling means,
The formwork cooling means is a radiating fin installed on the back of the concrete formwork,
In the cooling step, the concrete generated in the concrete formwork is cooled by sending out the refrigerant generated by the refrigerant generating means to the radiation fins.
A concrete cooling method characterized by that. A formwork unit installation step of installing a formwork unit having a concrete formwork and formwork cooling means;
A concrete placing process for placing concrete in the concrete formwork,
A cooling step of cooling concrete with the formwork cooling means,
The formwork cooling means is a Peltier element installed on the back of the concrete formwork,
In the cooling step, the concrete placed in the concrete formwork is cooled by energizing the Peltier element.
A concrete cooling method characterized by that. A planning process is further provided for dividing the poured concrete into a cooling range and a non-cooling range,
In the mold unit installation step, the mold unit is installed only in the cooling range,
In the cooling step, the concrete only in the cooling range is cooled.
The concrete cooling method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein:

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