JP2019018929A - Load hanging hook - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a load hanging hook capable of always preventing a load body from being disengaged from a hook part even in use where the load body carried to various place and hung.SOLUTION: A load hanging hook 1 has: a base member 10 that is suspended by a traction member 150; a movable member 20 that is supported so as to be movable between an opening position and a closing position with respect to the base member 10 and interlocked with winding/drawing driving of the traction member 150; and a spring 45 that generates a biasing force so as to move the movable member 20 from the closing position to the opening position. The movable member 20 is supported so as to be movable to the closing position side against the biasing force of the biasing member 45 when tension is applied on the traction member 150.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an unloading hook that is hung by a pulling member such as a wire, a chain, a rope, and a fishing line and hooks various loads.

  Generally, the unloading hook described above is fastened to a pulling member, and a load body such as a transported object is hooked on the hook portion to be transported in the vertical direction, or at a different position in a state where the load body is hooked. Used when transporting (transport in the vertical and horizontal directions). Such an unloading hook is provided with a lock mechanism so that the load body hooked on the hook portion does not come off at the time of transportation, and is detached after being transported to a predetermined position.

  As the lock mechanism described above, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, after a load body is hooked on the hook portion, a movable member biased by a spring is rotated so as to close the opening portion. A structure is known in which an engaging portion that closes the portion and engages with a movable member is disposed. The hook portion is provided with an operating mechanism that operates the engaging portion when the load from the load body is lost (when the load is grounded), and the engaging portion is moved when the load disappears. The movable member is unlocked and the load body can be removed from the hook portion.

  Further, as an unloading hook, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 2, a structure for rotating a hook portion itself for hooking a load body is also known. The unloading hook is provided with a control rod that pushes up against the upper surface of the load when the load body hooked on the hook portion comes in contact with the load. When a force in the opposite direction is applied), the hook portion is rotated to release the load body.

JP 2002-128455 A JP-A-61-229792

  By the way, the unloading hook not only simply transports the load body in the vertical direction, but it can also be used, for example, by mounting it on a flying body such as a drone and transporting it to various places to unload it. . In such a mode of use, the load body and the entire pulling member may be subjected to vibration and impact during transportation, and a sudden speed change may occur during the lifting and lowering of the load body. It may disappear temporarily. For this reason, attaching the above-described known unloading hook to a pulling member that moves to various places may cause the lock mechanism to be released or the hook portion to rotate, causing the load body to fall. Can not be used.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above-described problems. Even in a usage mode in which the load body is transported to various places and unloaded, the load body does not come off the hook portion. The object is to provide a hook for lower use.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, the unloading hook according to the present invention is supported by a base member suspended by a traction member and movably supported between the open position and the closed position with respect to the base member. A movable member that interlocks with the hoisting / drawing drive of the pulling member, and a biasing member that generates a biasing force so as to move the movable member from the closed position side to the open position side. When the tension acts on the pulling member, the pulling member is supported so as to be movable toward the closed position against the biasing force of the biasing member.

  In the unloading hook configured as described above, the movable member and the traction member move in conjunction with each other. Therefore, the base member abuts on the hoisting machine (winch body) when the load body is transported. If the traction member is not released from the hoisting machine, the movable member cannot be opened to the open position side. For this reason, even if it is a use aspect which conveys a load body to various places and unloads, a load body does not fall carelessly during conveyance.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain an unloading hook in which the load body does not come off the hook portion even if the load body is unloaded by transferring the load body to various places.

It is a figure which shows 1st Embodiment of the hook for unloading which concerns on this invention, (a) is a front view, (b) is sectional drawing along the AA line of Fig. (A). The disassembled perspective view which looked at the hook for unloading shown in FIG. 1 from the one side. The disassembled perspective view which looked at the hook for unloading shown in FIG. 1 from the other side. Sectional drawing which shows the state which the movable member opened. Sectional drawing which shows the state which the movable member closed. Schematic which shows an example of the state which connected the hook for unloading shown in FIG. 1 to the winding device. The figure which shows 2nd Embodiment of the hook for unloading which concerns on this invention. Schematic which shows an example of the state which connected the hook for unloading shown in FIG. 7 to the winding device. The figure which shows 3rd Embodiment of the hook for unloading which concerns on this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of an unloading hook according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIGS. 1 to 6 are views showing a first embodiment of an unloading hook, FIG. 1 (a) is a front view, and FIG. 1 (b) is along the line AA in FIG. 1 (a). 2 is an exploded perspective view of the unloading hook shown in FIG. 1 seen from one side, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the unloading hook shown in FIG. 1 seen from the other side, and FIG. 4 is movable. FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a state in which the movable member is closed, and FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an example of a state in which the unloading hook shown in FIG. 1 is connected to the hoisting device. It is.

The unloading hook 1 is suspended by a pulling member 150 that is driven to be wound / drawn by a hoisting device 100 (shown schematically in FIG. 6). The pulling member 150 is made of, for example, a wire, a chain, a rope, a fishing line, and the like. The pulling member 150 is wound around the spool 102 of the winding device 100, and the spool 102 is rotationally driven by a driving source (such as a motor) that is not shown. Thus, the operation of winding (winding) or unloading (drawing) the load body (luggage) is performed.
In addition, about the winding device 100, the magnitude | size, the winding force, the winding capacity | capacitance of a spool, etc. are not specifically limited about the structure. For example, it may be attached to the lower surface of the drone, or may be attached to various buildings, so that the traction member 150 is evenly wound around the spool 102. A level wind mechanism 105 may be incorporated.

  The unloading hook 1 is supported so as to be movable between an open position and a closed position with respect to the base member 10 that is suspended by the pulling member 150, and the hoisting / drawing drive of the pulling member 150. And a movable member 20 to be interlocked. The base member 10 of the present embodiment includes a base plate 11 and a lid member 12 that support the movable member 20 so that the movable member 20 can be rotated (moved) at a predetermined angle, and the movable member 20 is interposed between these members. It is sandwiched and supported so as to be rotatable.

  The base plate 11 is composed of a substantially L-shaped plate-like member, and is integrated with a thick portion 11a extending downward with substantially the same thickness as the movable member 20, and a lower end of the thick portion 11a. And a closed end (concave portion) 11b that stops the rotation of the movable member 20 that is formed and rotates. Further, a support hole 11c for pivotally supporting the movable member 20 is formed on the base end side of the base plate 11, and a restricting portion 11d for restricting the open end position of the movable member 20 is formed to protrude. Yes.

  The lid member 12 is configured by a plate-like member having substantially the same shape as the base plate 11, and is overlapped and fixed to the base plate 11 so that the movable member 20 is sandwiched between the base plate 11 and rotated. Support movably. For this reason, in the base plate 11 and the lid member 12, the support hole 11c that rotatably holds one end of the support shaft 21 provided in the center hole 20a of the base portion of the movable member 20 and the other end of the support shaft 21 are rotatable. A supporting hole 12c for supporting is formed, and a screw hole for joining and fixing the base plate 11 and the lid member 12 in contact with each other is formed at an appropriate position. By screwing a screw (not shown) between them, The movable member 20 is sandwiched and supported so as to be rotatable.

  The movable member 20 is constituted by, for example, a rod-shaped member having a rectangular cross section, and its distal end side is bent at approximately 90 °, and a load body (not shown) is hooked on the bent portion 20b. Yes. Further, the support shaft 21 is provided at a base portion of the movable member 20 in a direction orthogonal to the rotational direction of the movable member 20, and the both sides of the support shaft 21 are the base plate 11 and the lid member 12 as described above. Are held in the support holes 11c and 12c. In this case, the open position of the movable member 20 is regulated by abutting the abutting surface 20c on the base end side against the regulating portion 11d formed on the base plate 11 (see FIG. 4), and the end surface 20d of the bent portion 20b is recessed. The closed position is regulated by applying to 11b (see FIG. 5). That is, the movable member 20 is supported with respect to the base member 10 so as to be rotatable between an open position shown in FIG. 4 and a closed position shown in FIG.

  In the state where the movable member 20 of the present embodiment is restricted to the closed position, as shown in FIG. 5, the movable member 20 forms a closed curve together with the base member 10, and the load body is suspended in the closed curve. This prevents the load from being removed. For this reason, when the movable member 20 moves to the open position, the load body is released from the bent portion 20b of the movable member 20.

  The movable member 20 is biased with respect to the base member so as to move the movable member 20 toward the open position. The biasing force acting on the movable member 20 is generated by disposing a biasing member such as a spring or a magnet between the base member.

As described above, the movable member 20 that is rotatable and supported in a state of being biased toward the open position side is connected so as to be interlocked with the driving of the pulling member 150. In this case, one end of the traction member 150 may be fixed to the movable member 20, but it is preferable to decelerate the drive of the traction member 150 and connect to the movable member 20, and in this embodiment, the movable member and the base A reduction mechanism 40 that decelerates and transmits the movement of the pulling member 150 to the movable member 20 is disposed between the members, and one end of the pulling member 150 is a part of the reduction mechanism 40, specifically, the reduction mechanism 40. Is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the pulley 41 constituting a part of the pulley. Accordingly, since the movable member 20 is interlocked with the driving of the pulling member 150, the base member 10 is suspended from the pulling member 150 via the speed reduction mechanism 40 (when the speed reduction mechanism 40 is not provided, the base member is suspended). 10 is suspended from the pulling member 150 via the movable member 20). The pulling member 150 is guided to the inside through a guide portion 15 formed on the upper end side of the main plate 11 and the lid member 12, and is decelerated by the speed reduction mechanism 40, and the driving force is applied to the movable member 20. Communicated. Further, the upper ends of the main plate 11 and the lid member 12 are provided with an abutting portion 17 that abuts against the hoisting device when the pulling member 150 is hoisted.
Hereinafter, the configuration of the speed reduction mechanism will be described.

The speed reduction mechanism 40 of the present embodiment decelerates and transmits the movement of the traction member 150 guided inside through the guide portion 15 to the movable member 20 by a power transmission mechanism using a gear supported by the base member 10. It is configured as follows.
The speed reduction mechanism 40 includes a pulley 41 having a winding groove 41a around which a pulling member 150 guided inside through a guide portion 15 is wound, and a small gear 41b integrally formed on a support shaft portion of the pulley 41. An intermediate gear (two-stage gear) 42 having a large gear 42a meshing with the small gear 41b and a connecting gear 42b formed integrally with a support shaft of the large gear 42a, and an outer peripheral surface of the arc-shaped base portion of the movable member 20 And a movable member gear (sector gear) 43 that is formed with the support shaft 21 as a central axis and meshes with the connecting gear 42b.

  In the power transmission mechanism using the gears described above, the rotation of the pulley 41 around which the traction member 150 is wound can be decelerated and transmitted to the movable member 20 by appropriately setting the gear ratio. Then, the reduction ratio is set to be 9: 1.

  The base member 10 (base plate 11 and lid member 12) is formed with a holding portion that holds the components of the speed reduction mechanism 40 described above. Specifically, the cover member 12 is formed with a gear support hole 12f for supporting the support shaft 42c of the intermediate gear 42 and a pulley support hole 12g for supporting the support shaft 41c of the pulley 41. Further, the base plate 11 is formed with a gear support hole 11f for supporting the support shaft 42c of the intermediate gear 42 and a pulley shaft 11g for rotatably supporting the pulley 41. The pulley shaft 11g has the movable member 20 attached thereto. A spring hook 11h is formed to which one end of a biasing member that biases to move to the open position side is fixed.

  The pulley 41 is formed in a substantially cup shape, the winding groove 41a for winding the pulling member 150 is formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof, and a mainspring spring (hereinafter referred to as a spring) as a biasing member in the annular recess. 45) is held. One end of the spring 45 is fixed to a spring hooking portion 11 h formed on the pulley shaft 11 g of the base plate 11, and the other end is engaged with a spring hooking 41 d formed so as to protrude into the annular recess and attached to the pulley 41. A force (restoring force for restoring the movable member 20 to the open position side) is applied. That is, this urging force is transmitted to the movable member 20 through the speed reduction mechanism 40 by the meshing of the gear, and the urging force is generated so that the movable member 20 is opened.

  Since the pulling member 150 wound around the pulley 41 hangs vertically downward, the pulling member 150 is hardly separated from a predetermined position by configuring the guide portion 15 with a gap extending in the vertical direction. be able to. The guide portion 15 can be formed by, for example, a thick portion 11k having a guide surface 15a extending in the vertical direction on the base plate 11. Further, as the pulling member 150, it is preferable to use a material having a certain degree of rigidity, such as a stainless steel wire, and a curvature radius that does not become small even when there is no load, thereby suppressing the pulling member 150 from being entangled during no load. be able to.

  The spring 45 applies an urging force with respect to the rotation direction of the pulley 41, that is, an urging force for moving the movable member 20 from the closed position to the open position via a power transmission mechanism using a speed reduction mechanism. If the force is strong, the movable member 20 is easy to open, and if the biasing force is weak, the movable member 20 is difficult to open (the movable member is kept closed, and thus the safety is increased). In this case, since the movable member 20 opens and closes with the movement of the pulling member 150 through the speed reduction mechanism 40, the open / closed state is the urging force of the spring 45 held by the pulley 41 and the tension acting on the pulling member 150. It changes depending on the relationship with force. The total of the weight of the unloading hook 1 itself and the weight of the load body suspended here acts on the pulling member 150. If it is assumed that the unloading hook 1 moves up and down, the spring 45 is attached. If the force is set so that the movable member 20 can move to the closed position against the urging force when a tension greater than the weight of the unloading hook 1 acts on the pulling member 150 (unloading hook). The movable member 20 moves to the open position by the restoring force when a tension of about 1's own weight is applied), the unloading hook 1 is pulled out and the load body starts to contact the ground, and finally the load by the load body disappears. Sometimes, the movable member 20 can be opened from the closed position.

  In the following, when the tension of the weight of the unloading hook 1 acts on the pulling member 150, the tension that the movable member 20 can close against the urging force of the spring 45 (in other words, the unloading hook 1). The tension that acts on the pulling member due to its own weight and the tension that balances the restoring force of the spring 45) is called threshold tension.

  The spring 45 may have an urging force equal to or less than a threshold tension (the spring urging force is weak). However, with such a spring 45, a tension of about the weight of the unloading hook 1 at the time of unloading. Since the movable member 20 does not open even if the urging force acts, with such a spring having a weak urging force, the unloading hook 1 is lowered to ground the load body, and the tension of the traction member 150 is further weakened. The movable member 20 cannot be opened unless the unloading hook 1 is also grounded to reduce the tension of the pulling member 150. On the other hand, if the urging force is too large, the movable member 20 is easily opened, which is not preferable particularly in the case of transporting a light load.

The urging force of the spring 45 is determined based on the weight of the unloading hook 1 and the weight of the load (cargo) to be carried. For example, when the biasing force of the spring 45 is balanced with the above-described threshold tension, the load is lowered, the load is grounded, and the pulling member 150 opens the movable member 20 when the gravity of the load disappears. be able to. That is, in such a configuration, even if there is no worker or the like at the point where the load is unloaded, the load can be released from the unloading hook 1 when the load is grounded and gravity is lost.
In this case, when the urging force of the spring 45 is smaller than the above threshold tension, the load is grounded, the unloading hook 1 is also grounded, and the gravity of the unloading hook starts to decrease, and a predetermined state is obtained. The movable member will open when Actually, the urging force (restoring force) of the spring 45 is such that when a specific tension of 10% or more of the weight of the unloading hook 1 is applied during unloading, the movable member 20 is opened from the closed position. It is preferable that it is set to move to. That is, when the urging force is set to a tension of less than 10%, even when the unloading hook 1 is grounded, the movable member 20 does not open immediately, and the unloading hook 1 is turned sideways. It is preferable to set it to 10% or more because it will not open unless the gravity is considerably reduced.

  Further, regarding the upper limit of the urging force of the spring 45, considering that a light load is carried, if a very strong one is used, the movable member 20 is likely to be opened, so that the weight of the unloading hook 1 is 300% or less. It is preferable that the movable member 20 is set to move from the closed position to the open position by the biasing force (restoring force) of the spring 45 when the specific tension is applied. In consideration of transporting various loads having different weights, the biasing force of the spring 45 is preferably set to be equal to or less than the tension obtained by adding the weight of the unloading hook 1 and the weight of the load. As described above, if a specific tension of 300% or less of the weight of the unloading hook 1 is set, the movable member 20 can be made difficult to open even when a certain amount of light load is conveyed.

  Next, a series of uses in which the unloading hook 1 and the hoisting device 100 described above are mounted on a moving body such as a drone, and a load (loading body) is hooked on the unloading hook 1 and then unloaded at the destination. An aspect is demonstrated. In the present embodiment, the biasing force of the spring 45 of the unloading hook 1 is described as being set to the above-described threshold tension.

(1) When the unloading hook 1 is placed on the ground or held in the hand, the pulling member 150 is not tensioned. Therefore, the movable member 20 is opened by the biasing force of the spring 45. (See FIG. 4). In this state, the user sets the load to be suspended through the opening between the movable member 20 and the base member 10.

(2) Next, when an operation such as pulling the traction member 150 or hanging the unloading hook 1 is performed and a force exceeding the above-described threshold tension is applied to the traction member 150, the urging force of the spring 45 is resisted. The movable member 20 (the restoring force is charged in the spring 45) is rotated to the closed position, and the movable member 20 is closed (see FIGS. 1 and 5). In this state, as long as the tension of the pulling member 150 does not become less than the threshold tension, the movable member 20 does not open, and thus the suspended load does not come off from the unloading hook 1.

(3) Next, when the spool 102 of the hoisting device 100 that suspends the pulling member 150 is driven to be hoisted and the unloading hook 1 is further hoisted, the contact portion 17 at the upper end of the base member 10 of the unloading hook is hoisted. It comes into contact with any part of the device 100 (see FIG. 6). In this state, the tension acting on the traction member 150 temporarily, such as sudden acceleration / deceleration of the traction member 150, sudden vibration or impact, or free fall of the hoisting device 100 suspending the traction member. Even if the tension becomes lower than the threshold tension, the movable member 20 does not open unless the pulling member 150 is pulled out of the hoisting device 100. For this reason, when moving the hoisting device 100 or the like, the luggage does not fall in this state.

(4) Thereafter, when the hoisting device (drone) moves to a position where it is desired to unload the load, the spool 102 of the hoisting device 100 is driven to be released and the traction member 150 is pulled out (lowered). In this case, if an abnormal situation such as the above-described impact or the like occurs in a state where the pulling member 150 is pulled out by a predetermined length or more and the tension acting on the pulling member 150 becomes equal to or lower than the threshold tension, before the load is grounded There is a possibility that the movable member 20 moves to the open position. However, the risk of opening the movable member 20 can be reduced by disposing the speed reduction mechanism 40 and setting the speed reduction ratio to an appropriate value as in the present embodiment.

  Then, the load and the unloading hook 1 are grounded (the load is grounded first), and the tension due to the gravity acting on the pulling member 150 is gradually weakened, which becomes smaller than the threshold tension (the load gravity is reduced). When the accompanying tension disappears), the movable member 20 moves to the open position by the biasing force (restoring force) of the charged spring 45, and the load is released from the unloading hook 1. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, it is preferable that the movable member 20 and the base member 10 have an arrangement relationship in which the opening of the movable member 20 and the base member 10 is in the direction of gravity (downward) so that the load can be removed smoothly. . In other words, it is preferable that the arrangement relationship is such that the luggage can be automatically removed even if there is no worker or the like at the drop position. At this time, in order to make the opening face the direction of gravity, the specific gravity of the shape and material so that the center of gravity G (see FIG. 4) when the movable member 20 is in the open position is on the base member 10 side. It is desirable to select. In this way, when the unloading hook 1 is suspended, the state in which the traction member 150 and the center of gravity G are in a straight line is a balanced position. The opening of the member 20 tends to face downward, and the load can be dropped smoothly. In addition to selecting the specific gravity of the shape and material described above, a heavy object may be separately attached to the base member side, or the introduction position of the traction member 150 in the main body may be set on the base member side (ground plate). 11 thick side 11a side).

  In the configuration described above, if the biasing force of the spring 45 is set to be slightly larger than the threshold tension, the movable member 20 opens after the load is grounded and before the unloading hook 1 is grounded. Can be unloaded. In this case, when the unloading hook 1 is lifted as it is after the load is released, the movable member 20 is in an open state. If the urging force of the spring 45 is too large with respect to the threshold tension, as described above, the movable member 20 does not close when the weight of the load is light, or the movable member 20 is caused by vibration during raising and lowering. Therefore, the urging force of the spring 45 may be appropriately set according to the weight of the load to be transported (as described above, a specific tension of 300% or less of the weight of the unloading hook 1). It is preferable to set it to open when the

  If the biasing force of the spring 45 is set to be slightly smaller than the above threshold tension, the movable member 20 opens after both the load and the unloading hook 1 are grounded. In this case, when the unloading hook 1 is lifted as it is after the load is released, the movable member 20 is in a closed state. If the biasing force of the spring 45 is set to be smaller than the above-described threshold tension, the restoring force of the spring 45 is lost to the sliding resistance of the movable member 20 and the movable member 20 moves to the open position. Therefore, it is preferable to have the worker stand by at the grounding point when removing the load because it is more difficult to prevent the load from being accidentally dropped.

  As described above, if the urging force of the urging member (spring) that urges the movable member 20 to the open position side is too large with respect to the threshold tension, the urging force is easily removed when it is not desired to remove the load, and is too small. Therefore, it is preferable to set the biasing member to an appropriate value according to the weight of the unloading hook, the weight of the assumed luggage, the usage mode, and the like.

According to the unloading hook 1 described above, the following effects can be obtained.
Since the movable member 20 supported so as to be rotatable with respect to the base member 10 has a structure interlocked with the hoisting / drawing drive of the pulling member 150, the unloading hook itself is attached as shown in (3) above. If the movement of the pulling member 150 is stopped, such as by bringing it into contact with the hoisting device 100, the movable member 20 cannot move to the open position, and it is reliably prevented from falling during the transfer of the load. That is, as described above, when the hoisting device 100 is attached to the drone, the baggage can be reliably prevented from falling even in an environment where the hoisting device moves violently and vibrates.

  Even if a slight gap is generated between the hoisting device 100 and the unloading hook 1 in the tension state of the pulling member 150 after the load is suspended, the pulling member 150 is not loosened, or It is also possible to reliably prevent the fall of the load by disposing a line fixture or the like that restricts the winding of the pulley 41.

  In the above-described embodiment, the speed reduction mechanism 40 is provided so that the movement of the traction member 150 is decelerated and transmitted to the movable member 20. As a result, even if the traction member 150 moves or extends slightly in the state of (3) above, or even if there is a slight gap between the hoisting device 100 and the unloading hook 1, the traction member 150 Is decelerated and transmitted to the movable member 20, so that the movable member 20 hardly moves and the fall of the load can be effectively prevented.

  The movable member 20 is subjected to mechanical resistance such as sliding resistance. This resistance tends to increase further when an external force such as hanging a load is applied or a foreign object is caught. On the other hand, the weight of the unloading hook 1 itself is preferably as light as possible for power saving of the hoisting device 100, and the threshold tension that is the threshold value when the spring 45 is opened and closed is as described above. It is not preferable to greatly remove the hook 1 from the weight equivalent (when the biasing force is too weak, the movable member is difficult to open, and when the biasing force is too strong, the movable member is easily opened). That is, there is a limit to increasing the biasing force of the spring.

  In the present embodiment, the biasing force of the spring 45 and the tension acting on the pulling member 150 are transmitted to the movable member 150 by decelerating and boosting by the deceleration mechanism 40, so that when the mechanical resistance acting on the movable member 150 increases. However, the movable member 20 can be opened and closed stably. In other words, even if the weight of the unloading hook 1 is not increased or the biasing force of the spring 45 is not increased, a stable operation is realized by the action of the speed reduction mechanism.

  Further, the speed reduction mechanism 40 according to the present embodiment is decelerated by a gear ratio by meshing of gears (gear train), and a pulley is disposed in a part of the gear speed reduction mechanism, and the traction member 150 is wound up. Because of the structure, the path of the traction member 150 passing through the inside of the unloading hook 1 can be shortened. Thereby, even when the pulling member 150 moves in the unloading hook, such as the tension of the pulling member 150 is lost, it is possible to make it difficult to cause troubles involving the pulling member.

  Further, by using a gear train as a speed reduction mechanism, a large reduction ratio can be obtained with a relatively small size and light weight and a simple configuration. By increasing the reduction ratio, as described above, the opening / closing operation of the movable member 20 can be stably performed.

FIG. 7 is a view showing a second embodiment of the unloading hook, and FIG. 8 is a schematic view in which the unloading hook of the second embodiment is mounted on a hoisting device.
The base member 210 of the unloading hook 200 of this embodiment includes a plate-like base portion 211 and a pair of plate-like hanging portions 212 and 213 extending downward from both ends of the base portion 211. A cylindrical insertion part 212a is formed at the lower end of one hanging part 212 so that the columnar movable member 220 can be moved in the horizontal direction. At the lower end of the other hanging part 213, When the movable member 220 moves in the horizontal direction (arrow D1 direction), a bottomed and cylindrical recess 213a that receives the end 220a and identifies the closed position of the movable member 220 is formed.

  A load body is applied to the movable member 220, and a flange 220b is formed at the end opposite to the end 220a. A coil spring 230 as an urging member is disposed between the insertion portion 212a of the base member 210 and the flange 220b, and opens the movable member 220 with a predetermined urging force (arrow D2 direction). Energized. The coil spring 230 performs the same function as the spring 45 in the above-described embodiment, and the urging force is set in the same manner as the spring 45.

  The base portion 211, the hanging portion 212, and the insertion portion 212a are provided with columnar guide portions (may be rotating rollers) 214, 215, and 216 that guide the pulling member 150 and interlock with the movable member 220. The flange 220b is provided with a fixing portion 217 for fastening and fixing the end portion of the pulling member 150. That is, when a tensile force acts on the pulling member 150, the tensile force moves the movable member 220 in the closing direction (D1 direction) against the biasing force of the coil spring 230.

  According to the unloading hook 200 having such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 8, the unloading hook 200 is wound up by the winding device 100 and the upper end 218 of the base member 210 is brought into contact with the winding device 100 as described above (3). Similarly to the above, unless the pulling member 150 is pulled out from the hoisting device 100, the movable member 220 is not opened, and the load is not dropped. In addition, since the speed reduction mechanism as described above is not provided on the base member, the structure becomes simple and the cost can be reduced.

  In such a structure, a lid member having the same shape may be attached to the base member 210, and the traction member 150 may not be exposed to the outside as in the first embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a view showing a third embodiment of the unloading hook, and shows a configuration example in which a speed reduction mechanism 400 is provided in the structure of the embodiment shown in FIG.
The pulling member 150 is wound around the plate-like hanging portion 212 of the base member 210 of the unloading hook 300 of this embodiment so as to be folded around a rotating member 227 a provided at the end of the movable body 220, and its end A fixing portion 212b is provided for fixing.

  According to such a winding structure, the speed reducing mechanism functions as a moving pulley, and the traction member 150 itself decelerates. Therefore, compared with the speed reducing mechanism using the gear train of the first embodiment described above, the number of parts can be reduced. As a result, the structure can be simplified. In this case, the reduction ratio can be appropriately adjusted by changing the winding amount or increasing the number of movable pulleys.

As mentioned above, although embodiment of the hook for unloading of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, It can change variously.
For example, the movable member is configured to move in a state in which the load body is hooked, but may be configured to open and close the hook portion without hooking the load body. Further, for the biasing member that biases the movable member in the opening direction, a spring (such as a leaf spring) other than the above-described structure may be used, or a magnet that uses attraction as a biasing member may be used. Good.

  Further, the power transmission mechanism for interlocking the movable member and the traction member can be appropriately modified by using the above-described gear train or by providing a guide member for guiding the traction member. Furthermore, if a speed reduction mechanism is provided in such a power transmission mechanism, in addition to power transmission by a gear train or a pulley as in the first and second embodiments, for example, power transmission by a chain, Power transmission by friction wheel, power transmission by magnetic gear (non-contact type power transmission mechanism), power transmission by link mechanism such as toggle mechanism and lever mechanism, power transmission by screw mechanism incorporating screw gear, cam and related A configuration that exhibits a deceleration effect by using power transmission by a cam follower or power transmission using a wedge mechanism may be used.

1,200,300 Unloading hook 10,210 Base member 20,220 Movable member 40,400 Deceleration mechanism 45,230 Biasing member 100 Hoisting device 150 Traction member

Claims (6)

A base member suspended by a traction member;
A movable member that is supported so as to be movable between an open position and a closed position with respect to the base member, and that interlocks with the hoisting / drawing drive of the pulling member
A biasing member that generates a biasing force so as to move the movable member from the closed position side to the open position side;
Have
The unloading hook, wherein the movable member is supported so as to be movable toward a closed position against a biasing force of the biasing member when a tension acts on the pulling member.   The urging force of the urging member is obtained when a specific tension within a range of 300% to 10% of the weight of the unloading hook is applied to the traction member in a state where the movable member is in the closed position. The unloading hook according to claim 1, wherein the unloading hook is set to move the movable member to the open position side.   The urging force of the urging member is such that when the movable member is in the closed position, the movable member is moved to the open position when a tension similar to the weight of the unloading hook acts on the pulling member. The unloading hook according to claim 2, wherein the unloading hook is set to be moved.   The unloading hook according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a deceleration mechanism that decelerates and transmits the movement of the pulling member to the movable member.   The unloading hook according to claim 4, wherein the speed reduction mechanism is configured by a power transmission mechanism using a gear supported by the base member.   The unloading hook according to claim 4, wherein the speed reduction mechanism is configured by a power transmission mechanism using a moving pulley supported by the base member.