JP2019014306A - Fire notification system for railroad vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a fire notification system the introduction of which costs suppressedly.SOLUTION: A fire notification system for a railroad vehicle comprises a broadcast unit (10) which transmits a sound signal to a speaker (34) set in a passenger room via wiring (100) for the speaker and a detector (20) which is connected with the wiring for the speaker and outputs a detection notification signal when detecting a factor of a fire and it is characteristic of the system that the detector (20) is driven by power supplied via the wiring (100) for the speaker and the broadcast unit (10) receives the detection notification signal via the wiring (100) for the speaker.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a fire alarm system for a railway vehicle.

  Conventionally, it has been proposed to mount a fire alarm as a vehicle device mounted on a railway vehicle and monitor the abnormality (for example, Patent Document 1). However, there is no obligation to install a fire alarm facility in a guest room of a railway vehicle, and there are railway vehicles that do not have a fire alarm facility.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-053531

  As a method for providing a fire alarm facility on an existing vehicle, it is conceivable to introduce a fire alarm facility for a house. As a method for installing a fire alarm facility provided for a house, there is a method (referred to as a first method) in which a battery-driven single fire alarm is installed at various locations in a house. In the first method, only a fire alarm that detects a fire factor (such as smoke or heat) among the plurality of fire alarms outputs an alarm.

  Alternatively, there is a system (referred to as a second system) in which a plurality of fire alarms each having a wireless communication function driven by a battery are installed in a house. In the second method, the fire alarm device that detects the fire factor transmits the interlock signal wirelessly, and the fire alarm device that receives the interlock signal outputs an alarm. As a result, not only the fire alarm device that detects the fire factor but also other fire alarm devices can output the alarm in conjunction with each other, so that the alarm can be notified in a wider range than the first method.

  However, in the first method, when a fire alarm of a vehicle away from the crew room (driver's cab or conductor's cabin) is activated, the driver or conductor may not be able to notice the alarm. . In the second method, since radio waves are used, there are problems such as avoiding interference with existing radio equipment and external radio waves in the vehicle and complication of the system due to expansion of the laying area. Furthermore, in the first and second systems, since the fire alarm is battery-driven, maintenance such as battery replacement is complicated.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a fire alarm system for a railway vehicle that has no disadvantages when battery driving or wireless communication is applied to a detector and can reduce the cost of introduction. For the purpose.

  One aspect of the present invention is a broadcasting device that connects an audio signal to a speaker installed in a guest room of a railway vehicle via the speaker wiring, and the speaker is connected to the speaker wiring and detects a fire factor. A detector that outputs a detection notification signal, wherein the detector is driven by receiving power supplied via the speaker wiring, and the broadcasting device transmits the detection notification signal to the speaker wiring. 1 is a fire alarm system for a railway vehicle.

  In the fire alarm system for a railway vehicle according to the present invention, the broadcasting device may be configured to cause the notification device connected to the broadcasting device to notify the abnormality based on the detection notification signal.

  In the railroad car fire alarm system according to the present invention, the broadcasting device generates a signal notifying the abnormality generated based on the detection notification signal, and the generated signal is connected to a second alarm device for a crew member. It is good also as a structure which transmits to the 2nd broadcasting apparatus through the audio | voice line for contact.

  In the fire alarm system for a railway vehicle according to the present invention, the abnormality includes a fire factor. Fire factors include one or more of heat and smoke. In the fire alarm system for a railway vehicle according to the present invention, the detection notification signal is preferably configured to have a frequency higher than an audible frequency band. This is to avoid interference with the broadcast sound output to the speaker wiring and the passenger being heard.

  In the fire alarm system for a railway vehicle according to the present invention, the detector may be configured to include a power supply circuit that extracts a direct current superimposed on the speaker wiring as driving power from the speaker wiring. good.

  In the fire alarm system for a railway vehicle according to the present invention, the detector may include a power supply circuit that generates direct current for driving the detector from alternating current superimposed on the wiring for the speaker. . In this case, the alternating current preferably has a higher frequency than the audible frequency band.

  In the fire alarm system for a railway vehicle according to the present invention, the broadcasting device is configured to output an audio signal collected by the speaker and transmitted through the speaker wiring to the notification device. preferable.

  In the fire alarm system according to the present invention, the detector outputs information indicating detection of a fire factor to the cabin when a detection signal generated by another detector is received from the wiring of the speaker. May be. In this case, in the environment where multiple detectors are installed in the cabin, if any detector detects a fire factor, the remaining detectors will output the above information even if no fire factor is detected, The passengers in the cabin can be notified of the detection of the fire factor.

  According to the present invention, there is no disadvantage when battery driving or wireless communication is applied to the detector, and the cost for introduction can be suppressed.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a railway vehicle equipped with a fire alarm system. FIG. 2 shows a first form of the detector and the broadcasting device. FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the detector and the broadcasting device.

  Hereinafter, a railway vehicle fire alarm system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The configuration of the embodiment is an exemplification, and the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the embodiment. The abnormality in the vehicle to be detected is, for example, a fire, and the fire factor to be detected is at least one of heat and smoke. However, the abnormality of the detection target can be applied to other factors that can be detected by the sensor, such as a specific sound, in addition to the fire.

In the embodiments described below, a fire notification system that detects a fire factor as an abnormality will be described as an example of a fire notification system. The fire alarm system is sometimes called a smoke alarm system. In the embodiment, a fire alarm system including a detector (fire alarm device) that detects at least one of heat and smoke as a cause of a fire will be described.

  When introducing a fire alarm system (fire alarm system) into a railway vehicle, a detector installed at a location where a fire factor is desired to be detected, and a notification unit (for example, a monitoring alarm) that notifies the crew member that the detector has detected the fire factor Equipment). In addition to these devices, a power supply line to the device to be installed and a communication line between the detector and the monitoring alarm are required. Furthermore, a communication line may be required for the monitoring alarm device to notify a crew member in the vehicle (another vehicle or the same vehicle) of a detection alarm. The cost of laying each of these lines is considerable. Also, a space for laying is required.

  In order to solve the problems related to the laying of wiring, it is conceivable to apply a battery-powered detector to a fire alarm system. However, troublesome maintenance such as battery replacement and time and effort for maintaining and managing a good radio wave environment occur. In the embodiment, a fire alarm system that can be introduced without laying additional wiring by using existing speaker (SP) wiring and connection lines provided in a railway vehicle will be described.

  In the embodiment, the detector (fire alarm) is installed on the existing SP wiring. The SP wiring is used not only for broadcasting audio output, but also for power supply to the detector and transmission of a detection notification signal (a signal for notifying detection of a fire factor).

The introduction of the fire alarm system is performed, for example, by adding a configuration and a function to the in-car broadcast system included in the railway vehicle, or adding a configuration or a function. For example, the following functions are added to the in-car broadcast system.
-DC (direct current) voltage superposition function for supplying driving power to each detector with respect to the SP wiring.
・ Reception function of detection notification signal issued by the detector.
-A function that outputs a warning to the contact line to notify the crew member of the detection result of the fire factor as a warning.
The communication method with the detector using the SP wiring is not limited as long as communication is performed on the SP wiring. However, it is preferable that the detection notification signal is a signal that cannot be heard (frequency of non-audible sound) even if it is output from a speaker.

The detector has the following functions.
A function of taking out the DC voltage supplied to the SP wiring as a driving power of the detector by discriminating it from the audio signal on the SP wiring.
・ Sensor (detection) function according to the monitoring target such as smoke and heat.
-Function to output detection notification signal to SP wiring.

Note that the following functions may be provided instead of the DC voltage superimposing function and the DC voltage extracting function described above.
AC power (AC) signal transmission function for supplying power for driving each detector to the SP wiring.
A function that discriminates AC signals supplied to SP wiring from audio signals and rectifies them to generate DC power.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a railway vehicle equipped with a fire alarm system. FIG. 1 illustrates a vehicle 102, a vehicle 103, and a vehicle 104. The vehicle 102 and the vehicle 104 are leading vehicles, and the vehicle 103 is an intermediate vehicle. Since intermediate vehicles other than the vehicle 103 have the same configuration as the vehicle 103, illustration is omitted. Each of the vehicle 102 and the vehicle 104 has a crew room (driver's cab) 105 and a cabin 106, and the vehicle 103 has a cabin 106. Note that the number of vehicles forming one train may be an appropriate number of one or more.

  Connection lines 101 a and 101 b are laid over all the vehicles including the vehicle 102, the vehicle 103, and the vehicle 104. A plurality of broadcasting apparatuses 10 are connected to the communication lines 101a and 101b. In the example of FIG. 1, one broadcasting device 10 is provided for one vehicle, but two or more broadcasting devices 10 may be provided.

  In each vehicle including the vehicles 102, 103, and 104, the SP wiring 100 connected to the broadcasting device 10 is laid. An interphone 32 and a speaker 33 are connected to the broadcasting device 10 (broadcasting device 10a, broadcasting device 10c) in the crew room 105.

  A crew member in the crew room 105a of the vehicle 102 and a crew member in the crew room 105b of the vehicle 104 can make a call between the crew members using the interphone 32 and the broadcasting device 10 in each vehicle. Voice related to a call (voice communication) between crew members is transmitted and received between the broadcasting apparatus 10a and the broadcasting apparatus 10c using the communication lines 101a and 101b.

  From the intercom 32, sound for broadcasting to the guest room can be input. For example, an audio signal input from the interphone 32 of the vehicle 102 is received by the broadcasting device 10b and the broadcasting device 10c installed in another vehicle (vehicle 103, vehicle 104) via the broadcasting device 10a and the connection lines 101a and 101b. Is done.

  The broadcasting apparatus 10 that has received the audio signal from the connection lines 101a and 101b outputs the audio signal to the SP wiring 100 connected to itself. As a result, sound is output (broadcast) from each speaker 34 connected to the SP wiring 100.

  The SP wiring 100 is an example of the “speaker wiring” according to the present invention. The communication lines 101a and 101b are examples of the “contact voice line” according to the present invention. The intercom 32 and the speaker 33 are examples of the “notification device” according to the present invention.

  A necessary number of one or more speakers 34 are connected to the SP wiring 100. A detector (fire alarm device) 20 is further connected to the SP wiring 100. In FIG. 1, two detectors 20 are connected to one SP wiring 100. However, the required number of detectors 20 can be selected from one or more. Each detector 20 is driven using electric power supplied from the broadcasting device 10 of the vehicle via the SP wiring 100.

  For example, it is assumed that a fire factor (for example, at least one of heat and smoke) is detected by the detector 20 in the vehicle 103. When the detector 20 detects a fire factor, the detector 20 outputs a detection notification signal to the broadcasting device 10b in the vehicle 103 via the SP wiring 100. At this time, by changing the specification (format or information included in the contents) of the detection notification signal for each detector 20, the location where the fire factor is detected can be notified.

For example, the broadcasting device 10b of the vehicle 103 performs a normal contact operation and outputs a warning sound signal to the connection lines 101a and 101b. The alarm sound is an example of the “signal notifying the detection of the fire factor” according to the present invention. The warning sound signal is sent to the broadcasting device 10a of the vehicle 102 where the crew member is present and the broadcasting device 10c of the vehicle 104. The broadcast device 10a and the broadcast device 10c output sound based on the alarm sound signal from at least one of the monitor speaker 33 and the interphone 32 connected to the broadcast device 10a and the broadcast device 10c. As a result, a warning (detection of abnormality (fire factor)) is notified (notified) to the crew. Note that a broadcast device 10 (including a broadcast device (not shown) in an intermediate vehicle other than the vehicle 103 in addition to the broadcast device 10a and the broadcast device 10c) that receives a warning sound signal from the broadcast device 10b includes SP wiring 100 An alarm sound may be output from the speaker 34 connected via the. In this case, a passenger in a vehicle other than the vehicle in which the fire factor is detected can know that the fire factor has been detected somewhere in the railway vehicle (formation).

  The broadcasting device 10b of the vehicle 103 in which the detector 20 has detected a fire factor may include its own car information (an example of vehicle identification information) and a detection location in a warning sound signal. In this case, the speaker 33, the intercom 32, and the speaker 33 output sound indicating the car number and the detection location. As a result, it is possible to inform the crew of which vehicle and where the fire factor has been detected. Each of the broadcast device 10a and the broadcast device 10c operates as a second broadcast device connected to the second notification device (interphone 32, speaker 33) as viewed from the broadcast device 10b.

<First form>
FIG. 2 shows a first form of the detector 20 and the broadcasting device 10. The broadcast device 10 includes a DC superimposing circuit 11. The DC superimposing circuit 11 superimposes a DC voltage on the SP wiring 100 in order to supply driving power to the detector 20 (see the broken line arrow S1 in FIG. 2). The DC superimposing circuit 11 has a high impedance with respect to an audio signal band (for example, a band of 8 kHz or less) so as not to affect the audio signal transmitted by the SP wiring 100. The broadcast apparatus 10 includes a control unit 12, a sound source circuit 14, an amplifier 15, an AF amplifier (low frequency amplifier) 16, an AF amplifier 17, and a switch 18. The switch 18 may be a relay or a semiconductor switch.

The control unit 12 of the broadcasting device 10 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) that executes a program using a memory. The control unit 12 performs DC superimposition control on the SP wiring 100, reception of a detection notification signal output from the detector 20, processing for issuing an alarm to a crew member, and the like.

  The control unit 12 controls the sound source circuit 14 and the amplifier 15 by receiving the detection notification signal to generate, amplify and output an alarm sound signal. The alarm sound signal is output to the communication lines 101a and 101b and transmitted to the other broadcasting device 10 connected to the notification device (interphone 32 and speaker 33). The other broadcasting device 10 outputs the warning sound from the notification device. Thereby, the crew member can be notified of the detection of the fire factor. When a notification device (interphone 32, speaker 33) is connected like the broadcast device 10a and the broadcast device 10c, a warning sound signal is output from the connected notification device.

  Further, the control unit 12 receives the detection notification signal, and the contact (switch 18) is changed from the connection state between the AF amplifier 16 that amplifies the broadcast audio from the interphone 32 and the connection lines 101a and 101b and the SP wiring 100. Then, control for switching to the connection state between the SP wiring 100 and the AF amplifier 17 is performed. At this time, the speaker 34 functions as a microphone, and the collected audio signal in the vehicle (see the dashed line arrow S3 in FIG. 2) is amplified by the AF amplifier 17. The amplified audio signal is output as monitor audio to at least one of the interphone 32, the speaker 33, and the connection lines 101a and 101b, and can be heard by a crew member in the same vehicle or a crew member in another vehicle. . The intercom 32 and the speaker 33 function as an output unit for the monitor sound collected by the speaker 34.

  Detector 20 includes a detection input / output unit 21, a control unit 22, a sensor 23, a power supply circuit 24, and a notification device 25. The power supply circuit 24 extracts only the DC voltage from the SP wiring 100 and generates a power supply (drive power) for the detector 20. The electric power from the power supply circuit 24 is supplied to each part of the detector 20.

The sensor 23 detects an abnormality (fire factor) such as smoke or heat. The sensor 23 includes at least one of a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor that detects a high temperature. The sensor 23 can include a sensor other than a smoke sensor or a temperature sensor that detects a physical quantity or phenomenon corresponding to an abnormality to be detected.

The control unit 22 performs detection notification processing when the sensor 23 detects a fire factor (when the output of the sensor 23 indicates the occurrence of a fire factor). The control unit 22 includes a memory and a CPU (Central Processing Unit) that executes a program stored in the memory. The control unit 22 generates a detection notification signal that is a signal for notifying the broadcast device 10 of detection of a fire factor, and outputs the detection notification signal via the detection input / output unit 21.

  The detection notification signal is sent from the detection input / output unit 21 to the SP wiring 100 and transmitted to the broadcasting device 10 via the SP wiring 100 (see the broken line arrow S2 in FIG. 2). As the detection notification signal, for example, a tone signal having a non-audible sound frequency f (for example, f> 20 kHz) is applied. By adopting a non-audible sound (a signal outside the audible frequency band of 20 Hz to 20 kHz), even if the detection notification signal is transmitted to the speaker 34, the sound corresponding to the detection notification signal cannot be heard by the passenger. That is, it is possible to avoid an audible sound corresponding to the detection notification signal from the speaker 34 being output to the cabin. However, an audible frequency band signal may be applied.

  The detector 20 can have an alarm 25 as needed. The alarm device 25 can include a speaker, a buzzer, an LED (light emitting diode), and the like that output sound and light when a fire factor is detected using the sensor 23. The operation of the notification device 25 is controlled by, for example, the control unit 22.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a plurality of detectors 20 may be connected to one SP wiring 100. In this case, a fire factor may be detected by each of the plurality of detectors 20 and a detection notification signal may be output to the SP wiring 100 (overlapping detection). In view of this, when the detection input / output unit 21 monitors the presence or absence of the detection notification signal on the SP wiring 100 and detects the detection notification signal from the SP wiring 100, the detection notification signal from the own detector 20 is not output. Like that. Or if the notification signal which has a different frequency for every detector 20 is used, the broadcast apparatus 10 can also make it possible to identify the detector 20 from a frequency. In addition, the detector 20 is good also as a structure which operates the alerting | reporting device 25 which self has triggered by having detected the detection notification signal which the other detector 20 output from SP wiring 100. FIG. Thereby, the range which alert | reports that the fire factor was detected can be expanded compared with the case where only the detector 20 which detected the fire factor operates the alarm device 25 which self has.

  Furthermore, more complicated control can be performed by performing communication using FSK by an inaudible signal between the detection input / output unit 21 of the detector 20 and the control unit 12 of the broadcasting device 10.

<Second form>
FIG. 3 shows a second form of the detector 20 and the broadcasting device 10. In the second embodiment, a configuration in which an AC signal is output to the SP wiring 100 is employed instead of the configuration in which the DC voltage in the first embodiment is superimposed on the SP wiring 100. Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described focusing on differences from the first embodiment.

  The broadcast apparatus 10 outputs an AC signal for power supply to the SP wiring 100 in order to supply driving power to the detector 20 (see the broken line arrow S11 in FIG. 3). The DC superimposing circuit 11 as shown in FIG. 2 is not provided. An AC signal for power supply is generated by the control unit 12 and output to the SP wiring 100 through the AF amplifier 16 and the switch 18.

  For example, a signal outside the audible frequency band exceeding 20 kHz is applied as the AC signal. Thereby, the audible sound corresponding to the AC signal can be avoided from being output from the speaker 34. However, an audible frequency band signal may be applied.

  Also in the second mode, the detection notification signal is transmitted from the detector 20 to the broadcasting device 10 via the SP wiring 100 (see the broken line arrow S2 in FIG. 3). However, in the second form, the power generation AC signal is superimposed on the SP wiring 100. For this reason, interference is avoided by making the frequency f2 of the detection notification signal higher than the frequency f1 of the AC signal for power generation. Alternatively, interference can be avoided by time-sharing the output timings of the power generation AC signal and the detection notification signal.

  The power supply circuit 24 </ b> A of the detector 20 rectifies the AC signal superimposed on the SP wiring 100 and generates a DC power supply for driving the detector 20. The power from the power supply circuit 24A is supplied to each part of the detector 20.

  The broadcast device 10 includes a filter circuit 13 that blocks an AC signal from the output of the SP wiring 100. A high pass filter (HPF) is provided as a filter circuit. Only the detection notification signal that has passed through the filter circuit 13 is input to the control unit 12. Since the configuration other than the above configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted. In the first and second embodiments, the broadcasting device 10 supplies power for driving the detector 20 via the SP wiring 100, but devices other than the broadcasting device 10 supply it via the SP wiring 100. May be.

  According to the embodiment, the existing SP wiring 100 and the connection lines 101a and 101b of the railway vehicle are used, and the detector 20 is arranged in the cabin without newly laying the wiring, thereby reducing the fire alarm system. Can be built at a cost. That is, the cost associated with the introduction of the fire alarm system can be suppressed. Since the SP wiring and the connection line are generally equipped in a railway vehicle, introduction into many existing vehicles is possible.

  Since the detector 20 is driven using the power supplied from the broadcasting device 10 via the SP wiring 100, there is no demerit (complexity of maintenance such as battery replacement) in the case of the battery system. In addition, since the detection notification signal is transmitted via the SP wiring 100, it is possible to avoid the complexity of the system and the trouble of management when the wireless system is adopted.

  The communication lines 101a and 101b in the first and second embodiments described above transmit voice signals in an analog manner, but the connection lines 101a and 101b are configured to transmit voice signals in a digital manner. May be. In addition, the configurations described in the embodiments can be appropriately changed without departing from the object of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Broadcast apparatus 11 ... DC superposition circuit 20 ... Detector 32 ... Interphone 33, 34 ... Speaker 100 ... SP wiring 102, 103, 104 ... Vehicle

Claims (9)

A broadcasting device for connecting an audio signal to a speaker installed in a guest room of a railway vehicle via the speaker wiring;
A detector connected to the speaker wiring and outputting a detection notification signal when a fire factor is detected;
The detector is driven by receiving electric power supplied through the wiring for the speaker,
The broadcast apparatus receives the detection notification signal via the speaker wiring, and is a railway vehicle fire notification system. The railway vehicle fire notification system according to claim 1, wherein the broadcast device causes a notification device connected to the broadcast device to notify the detection of the fire factor based on the detection notification signal. The broadcast device generates a signal for informing detection of the fire factor generated based on the detection notification signal, and communicates the generated signal to a second broadcast device connected to a second notification device for crew members. The fire alarm system for a railway vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, which is transmitted through an audio line. The railway vehicle fire alarm system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the detector includes at least one of a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor. The railway vehicle fire alarm system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the detection notification signal has a frequency higher than an audible frequency band. The railway vehicle fire alarm according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the detector includes a power supply circuit that extracts a direct current superimposed on the speaker wiring as driving power from the speaker wiring. system. The railway vehicle fire alarm system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the detector includes a power supply circuit that generates direct current for driving the detector from alternating current superimposed on the wiring for the speaker. . The railroad car fire alarm system according to claim 7, wherein the alternating current has a frequency higher than an audible frequency band. 9. The broadcast device according to claim 2, wherein when the abnormality is detected, the speaker functions as a microphone to collect sound in the vehicle, and outputs an audio signal transmitted through the speaker wiring to the notification device. The fire alarm system according to claim 1.

Images