JP2019013487A - Coelomic fluid treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a coelomic fluid treatment device that allows a washing timing of a filter to be grasped accurately, and allows the filter to be washed automatically.SOLUTION: An ascites treatment device 1 includes a filter 11, a first line 12, a second line 13, a pump 18, a washing device 30, a third line 14, a first pressure measuring device 16, a second pressure measuring device 17, a first opening/closing device 19, a second opening/closing device 20, and a control device 50. Based on a difference in pressure between the pressure measured by the first pressure measuring device 16 and the pressure measured by the second pressure measuring device 17, the control device 50, if the difference in pressure exceeds a predetermined threshold, causes the pump 18 to be stopped, causes the second opening/closing device 20 to be closed, and causes the washing device 30 to supply washing fluid to a filter film 70 through the second line 13 in a state that the first opening/closing device 19 is opened.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a body cavity fluid treatment apparatus.

  As a treatment for intractable ascites, remove ascites from the patient, remove pathogenic substances such as bacteria and cancer cells from the ascites, remove water while leaving useful components such as albumin, and remove the concentrated solution in the body. Cell-free and Concentrated Ascites Reinfusion Therapy.

  As such a treatment method, an ascites treatment apparatus is generally used. In this ascites treatment apparatus, an ascites bag, a filter, a concentrator, and a concentrated ascites bag are connected in series in this order, and the ascites is filtered and concentrated by flowing ascites with a head or a pump. ing. A filtration membrane such as a hollow fiber membrane is used for the filter.

  By the way, since ascites contains a lot of substances to be removed by the filter, in the ascites treatment performed using the above-mentioned ascites treatment apparatus, the filter membrane of the filter is clogged in a short time. There is a case. For this reason, it has been proposed to provide the ascites treatment apparatus with a function of cleaning the filter membrane of the filter (see cited document 1).

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-126763

  However, in the ascites treatment apparatus having the above-described filtration membrane cleaning function, it is difficult to accurately grasp the timing at which cleaning is required due to clogging of the filtration membrane of the filter. When the cleaning timing of the filtration membrane is delayed, excessive pressure is applied to the filtration membrane, which may cause deterioration or breakage of the filtration membrane. In addition, each time a membrane filter is washed, a medical worker needs to perform an operation for washing, which takes time and effort.

  The present application has been made in view of the above points, and provides a body cavity fluid treatment device such as an ascites treatment device capable of accurately grasping the timing of washing of the filter and automatically washing the filter. One of its purposes is to do.

  As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by providing a body cavity fluid treatment device with a cleaning device, a first pressure measurement device, a second pressure measurement device, a control device, etc. The present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention includes the following aspects.
(1) A filter having a filtration membrane, passing through the filtration membrane and filtering body cavity fluid, and a first line communicating with the inlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter and flowing the body cavity fluid through the filtration membrane And a second line that communicates with the outlet side of the filter membrane of the filter and flows the filtered body cavity fluid that has passed through the filter membrane, and is provided in the first line, and supplies the body cavity fluid to the filter A cleaning device connected to the second line, supplying a cleaning liquid to the outlet side of the filtration membrane through the second line, and passing through the filtration membrane to wash the filtration membrane; A third line communicating with the inlet side of the filter and discharging the cleaning liquid that has passed through the filter membrane; a first pressure measuring device for measuring the pressure on the inlet side of the filter membrane of the filter; A first switchgear provided in line 3 and a front in the second line The second opening / closing device provided downstream of the position where the cleaning device is connected, and the pump when the value based on the pressure measured by the first pressure measuring device exceeds a predetermined threshold A control device for supplying the cleaning liquid to the filtration membrane through the second line by the cleaning device in a state where the second switching device is closed and the first switching device is opened. A body cavity fluid treatment device comprising at least a body cavity fluid treatment device. Note that “the state in which the pump is stopped, the second opening / closing device is closed, and the first opening / closing device is opened” means that at least the cleaning device supplies the cleaning liquid to the filtration membrane through the second line. It is only necessary to be in that state at the time, and the case where the state is set in advance and the case where the state is set at that time are also included. The “value based on the pressure measured by the first pressure measuring device” includes not only the pressure value measured by the first pressure measuring device but also the pressure value measured by the first pressure measuring device. The value calculated using is also included.
(2) The apparatus further includes a second pressure measuring device that measures the pressure on the outlet side of the filter membrane of the filter, and the value based on the pressure is equal to the pressure measured by the first pressure measuring device and the first pressure 2. The body cavity fluid treatment device according to (1), which is a pressure difference from the pressure measured by the pressure measurement device of 2.
(3) The cleaning device includes a cleaning liquid storage unit that stores a cleaning liquid, a cleaning line that connects the cleaning liquid storage unit and the second line, a cleaning pump that is provided in the cleaning line and supplies the cleaning liquid, The body cavity fluid treatment device according to (1) or (2).
(4) The body cavity fluid treatment according to any one of (1) to (3), further comprising a recovery device that recovers the filtered body cavity fluid remaining on the outlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter through the second line. apparatus.
(5) The body cavity according to (4), wherein the recovery device includes a fluid supply device that supplies a fluid to the outlet side of the filtration membrane and pushes the filtered body cavity fluid on the outlet side of the filtration membrane to the second line. Liquid processing equipment.
(6) The body cavity fluid treatment device according to (5), wherein the fluid is a gas, and a gas detection device is provided in the second line.
(7) The control device continues the supply of the body cavity fluid to the filter by reducing the flow rate of the pump at least once at the beginning when the value based on the pressure exceeds the threshold value, Thereafter, when the value based on the pressure exceeds the threshold value, the pump is stopped, the second opening / closing device is closed, and the first opening / closing device is opened. The body cavity fluid treatment device according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the fluid is supplied to the filtration membrane.
(8) When the flow rate of the pump reaches a predetermined minimum flow rate and a value based on the pressure exceeds the threshold value, the control device stops the pump and closes the second switching device The body cavity fluid treatment device according to (7), wherein the cleaning liquid is supplied to the filtration membrane by the cleaning device in a state where the first opening / closing device is opened.
(9) The control device stops the pump and supplies the cleaning liquid to the outlet side of the filtration membrane by the cleaning device in a state where the first switching device and the second switching device are closed. The pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane is increased to a predetermined pressure or higher, and then the first opening / closing device is opened to allow the cleaning liquid to pass through the filtration membrane according to any one of (1) to (8). Body cavity fluid processing device.
(10) The control device according to (9), in which the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter is increased to a predetermined pressure or more and then the cleaning liquid is passed through the filtration membrane a plurality of times. Body cavity fluid treatment device.
(11) The control device increases the pressure on the outlet side of the filter membrane of the filter to a predetermined value or more, and then repeatedly passes the cleaning liquid through the filter membrane, and then stops the pump. In the state where the first opening / closing device is opened and the second opening / closing device is closed, the cleaning liquid is supplied to the outlet side of the filtration membrane by the cleaning device, and the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane is The body cavity fluid treatment apparatus according to (10), wherein the cleaning liquid is allowed to pass through the filtration membrane without being raised to a predetermined value or more.
(12) The filtration membrane is a hollow fiber membrane, the inlet side of the filtration membrane is an inner region of the hollow fiber membrane, and the outlet side of the filtration membrane is an outer region of the hollow fiber membrane. (11) The body cavity fluid treatment device according to any one of (11).
(13) The filtration membrane is a hollow fiber membrane, the outlet side of the filtration membrane is an inner region of the hollow fiber membrane, and the inlet side of the filtration membrane is an outer region of the hollow fiber membrane. (11) The body cavity fluid treatment device according to any one of (11).
(14) The body cavity fluid treatment device according to any one of (1) to (13), comprising a concentration system that concentrates the filtered body cavity fluid of the second line.
(15) The concentrating system includes a concentrator for concentrating the filtered body cavity fluid in the second line, a concentrating line for flowing the concentrated body cavity fluid concentrated by the concentrator, and discharging water removed by the concentrator. The body cavity fluid treatment device according to (14), further comprising: a drainage line to be performed; and a concentration pump provided in at least one of the concentration line or the drainage line.
(16) The concentration system further includes a concentrated body cavity fluid storage unit that stores the concentrated body cavity fluid, and a circulation line that returns the concentrated body cavity fluid of the concentrated body cavity fluid storage unit to the second line. ).

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the body cavity fluid processing apparatus which can grasp | ascertain the timing of washing | cleaning of a filter correctly, and can also perform washing | cleaning of a filter automatically can be provided.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline of a structure of the ascites processing apparatus in 1st Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of the ascites processing apparatus of a re-concentration process. It is explanatory drawing which shows the main control flows of ascites processing. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of the ascites processing apparatus of a collection process. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of the ascites processing apparatus of a washing | cleaning process. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline of a structure of the ascites processing apparatus in 2nd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of the ascites processing apparatus of a collection process. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of the ascites processing apparatus of a washing | cleaning process. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of the ascites processing apparatus at the time of the pulse washing | cleaning in 1st Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of the ascites processing apparatus at the time of the pulse washing | cleaning in 2nd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between transmembrane pressure difference and the flow volume of a pump. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline of a structure of the ascites processing apparatus at the time of connecting a 3rd line to a 1st line.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same element and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted. Further, the positional relationship such as up, down, left and right is not particularly limited unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, the dimensional ratios in the drawings are not limited to the illustrated ratios. Moreover, the following embodiment is an illustration for explaining the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the configuration of an ascites treatment apparatus 1 as a body cavity fluid treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment.

  The ascites treatment device 1 includes an ascites bag 10 as an ascites reservoir, a filter 11, a first line 12, a second line 13, a third line 14, a fourth line 15, 1 pressure measuring device 16, second pressure measuring device 17, pump 18, first switching device 19, second switching device 20, cleaning device 30, recovery device 40, and control device 50. And a concentration system 60 and the like.

  The ascites bag 10 can accommodate ascites collected from the patient.

  The filter 11 has, for example, a cylindrical shape. The filter 11 has liquid passage ports 11a and 11b at both ends in the longitudinal direction, and two liquid passage ports 11c and 11d on the side surfaces.

  The filter 11 includes a filtration membrane 70 such as a hollow fiber membrane that removes predetermined pathogenic substances such as bacteria and cancer cells and allows predetermined useful components such as albumin to pass through. The inner region of the filtration membrane 70 communicates with the liquid passage ports 11a and 11b, and the outer region of the filtration membrane 70 communicates with the liquid passage ports 11c and 11d.

  The first line 12 connects the ascites bag 10 and the filter 11. The downstream end of the first line 12 is connected to the liquid passage port 11 a of the filter 11.

  The second line 13 connects the filter 11 and a later-described concentrator 110 of the concentrating system 60. The upstream end of the second line 13 is connected to the liquid passage port 11 c of the filter 11.

  One end of the third line 14 is connected to the liquid passage port 11 b of the filter 11. The other end of the third line 14 is connected to, for example, a drainage unit (not shown).

  One end of the fourth line 15 is connected to the liquid passage port 11 d of the filter 11. The other end of the fourth line 15 is open to the atmosphere. In addition, although a flexible tube is often used for the 1st-4th lines 12-15, it does not specifically limit.

  The first pressure measuring device 16 is provided in the first line 12 and can measure the pressure on the primary side (inlet side) of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11. The second pressure measuring device 17 is provided in the fourth line 15 and can measure the pressure on the secondary side (outlet side) of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11. The pressure measurement results of the first pressure measuring device 16 and the second pressure measuring device 17 are output to the control device 50.

  The pump 18 is provided in the first line 12. As the pump 18, for example, a tube pump that handles a tube and pumps ascites in the tube is used. The pump 18 also closes the first line 12 when stopped, and also functions as an opening / closing device (flow rate adjusting device). In addition to the tube pump, there is no particular limitation as long as it can feed ascites, such as a centrifugal pump. If the first line 12 is not closed when stopped, the first line is separately provided. 12 may be provided with an opening / closing means (not shown).

  The first opening / closing device 19 is, for example, an opening / closing valve, and is provided in the third line 14. The second opening / closing device 20 is, for example, an opening / closing valve, and is provided in the second line 13.

  The cleaning device 30 includes, for example, a cleaning liquid storage unit 80 that stores the cleaning liquid, a cleaning line 81 that connects the cleaning liquid storage unit 80 and the second line 13, and a cleaning pump 82 provided in the cleaning line 81.

  The cleaning liquid storage unit 80 is, for example, a soft bag and can store a predetermined amount of cleaning liquid. For example, a saline solution is used as the cleaning liquid. The cleaning line 81 is connected to the upstream side (filter 11 side) of the second switch 13 in the second line 13, for example. For example, a soft tube is used for the cleaning line 81. As the cleaning pump 82, for example, a tube pump is used. The cleaning device 30 supplies the cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid storage unit 80 to the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 through the cleaning line 81 and the second line 13 by the cleaning pump 82 and further passes the filtration membrane 70 to clean the filtration membrane 70. Can do. Here, a method of diluting and re-concentrating the filtered ascites has been proposed, and the use of the cleaning device 30 is not particularly limited, such as using the cleaning device 30 for the purpose of diluting ascites.

  The collection device 40 collects the filtered ascites (filtered ascites) remaining on the outlet side of the filter membrane 70 of the filter 11 through the second line 13. The recovery device 40 includes, for example, a fluid supply device, and is provided in the fourth line 15 and the fourth line 15, for example, one end connected to the liquid passage port 11 d of the filtration membrane 70 and the other end opened to the atmosphere. A pump 90 is provided. Accordingly, the recovery device 40 can supply gas (atmosphere) to the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 and push out the filtered ascites on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 to the second line 13.

  A gas detection device 91 is provided on the second line 13. The gas detection device 91 is provided on the upstream side (filter 11 side) of the connection portion of the cleaning line 81. Thereby, it is possible to detect that the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is replaced with gas by the recovery device 40 and the filtered ascites that has been on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is discharged to the second line 13.

  The control device 50 is a microcomputer having a CPU, a memory, and the like, for example. The control device 50 includes a pump 18, a first opening / closing device 19, a second opening / closing device 20, a cleaning device 30, a first pressure measuring device 16, a second pressure measuring device 17, a pump 90 of the recovery device 40, a gas Ascites treatment can be performed by controlling the operation of each device such as the detection device 91 and the concentration system 60. For example, the control device 50 can execute ascitic fluid processing by executing a program stored in a memory in advance.

  Specifically, for example, the control device 50 determines that the pressure difference is a predetermined threshold based on the pressure difference between the pressure measured by the first pressure measuring device 16 and the pressure measured by the second pressure measuring device 17. Is exceeded, the pump 18 is stopped, the second opening / closing device 20 is closed, the first opening / closing device 19 is opened, and the cleaning liquid is supplied to the filtration membrane 70 through the second line 13 by the cleaning device 30. be able to. In the present embodiment, the pressure difference between the pressure measured by the first pressure measuring device 16 and the pressure measured by the second pressure measuring device 17 is “the pressure measured by the first pressure measuring device. Based on ".

  The concentration system 60 includes a concentrator 110, a concentrated ascites bag 111 as a concentrated ascites reservoir, a concentration line 112, a drainage line 113, a circulation line 114, a concentration pump 115, a circulation pump 116, a third A pressure measuring device 117, a fourth pressure measuring device 118, and the like are included.

  The concentrator 110 has, for example, a cylindrical shape. The concentrator 110 has liquid passage ports 110a and 110b at both ends in the longitudinal direction, and two liquid passage ports 110c and 110d on the side surfaces. For example, the second line 13 is connected to the liquid passage port 110 a of the concentrator 110.

  The concentrator 110 includes a concentration membrane 120 such as a hollow fiber membrane that removes moisture from the filtered ascites supplied from the second line 13 and concentrates the filtered ascites. The inner region of the concentration membrane 120 communicates with the fluid passage ports 110a and 110b, and the outer region of the concentration membrane 120 communicates with the fluid passage ports 110c and 110d. In the present embodiment, the liquid passage port 110d is closed.

  The concentrated ascites bag 111 can accommodate the concentrated ascites concentrated by the concentrator 110. The concentration line 112 connects the liquid inlet 110 b of the concentrator 110 and the concentrated ascites bag 111. The drainage line 113 has one end connected to the liquid passage port 110c of the concentrator 110 and the other end connected to a drainage unit (not shown).

  The circulation line 114 connects, for example, the concentrated ascites bag 111 and the second line 13. The circulation line 114 is connected to the downstream side (concentrator 110 side) of the second line 13 relative to the second switching device 20. For example, soft tubes are used for the concentration line 112, the drain line 113, and the circulation line 114.

  The concentration pump 115 is provided in the concentration line 112, for example. The circulation pump 116 is provided in the circulation line 114. For example, a tube pump is used as the concentration pump 115 and the circulation pump 116.

  The third pressure measuring device 117 is provided, for example, in the second line 13 and can measure the pressure on the primary side (inlet side) of the concentration membrane 120 of the concentrator 110. The fourth pressure measuring device 118 is provided in the drain line 113 and can measure the pressure on the secondary side (outlet side) of the concentration membrane 120 of the concentrator 110. Note that the pressure on the secondary side (outlet side) of the concentration membrane 120 can be replaced with a drop pressure with respect to the outlet of the drainage line 113, and the fourth pressure measuring device 118 can be omitted. The pressure measurement results of the third pressure measurement device 117 and the fourth pressure measurement device 118 are output to the control device 50. The control device 50 can control the operation of each device such as the concentration pump 115, the circulation pump 116, the third pressure measurement device 117, and the fourth pressure measurement device 118 of the concentration system 60 to execute ascites treatment. .

  Next, ascites treatment performed using the above-described ascites treatment apparatus 1 will be described.

  First, as shown in FIG. 1, an ascites bag 10 containing ascites collected from a patient is connected to the first line 12. Next, filtration and concentration processes of ascites are started. With the first opening / closing device 19 closed and the second opening / closing device 20 opened, the pump 18 and the concentration pump 115 operate. Note that the cleaning pump 82, the pump 90 of the recovery device 40, and the circulation pump 116 are kept stopped.

  As a result, ascites in the ascites bag 10 is sent to the filter 11 through the first line 12. Ascites flows from the liquid passage port 11a of the filter 11 to the inlet side (inner region) of the filtration membrane 70, passes through the filtration membrane 70, and flows out to the outlet side (outer region) of the filtration membrane 70. At this time, a predetermined pathogenic substance is removed from the ascites. The filtered ascites flowed out to the outlet side of the filter membrane 70 flows out from the filter 11 to the second line 13, is sent to the concentrator 110 through the second line 13, and is input to the concentrator membrane 120 of the concentrator 110. Flows into the side. Here, due to the pressure difference (flow rate difference) between the pump 18 and the concentration pump 115, for example, a part of the filtered ascites water passes through the concentration membrane 120 and flows out to the outlet side of the concentration membrane 120. Thereby, water is removed from the filtered ascites and the filtered ascites is concentrated. The concentrated ascites concentrated by the concentrator 110 is accommodated in the concentrated ascites bag 111 through the concentration line 112. When a predetermined amount of concentrated ascites is stored in the concentrated ascites bag 111 or when the maximum stored amount of the concentrated ascites bag 111 is reached, the pump 18 is stopped, and the filtration and concentration steps are completed.

  Next, for example, a reconcentration step is performed. At this time, the circulation pump 116 and the concentration pump 115 are operated with the second opening / closing device 20 closed as shown in FIG. As a result, the concentrated ascites in the concentrated ascites bag 111 is sent to the concentrator 110 through the circulation line 114 and the second line 13, and is returned from the concentrator 110 through the concentration line 112 to the concentrated ascites bag 111 for circulation. In this way, the concentrated ascites is re-concentrated to produce a concentrated ascites having a desired concentration.

  In the filtration and concentration process of ascites described above, the first pressure measurement device 16 and the second pressure measurement device 17 are operated, and the pressure on the inlet side and the pressure on the outlet side of the filter membrane 70 of the filter 11 are monitored. Yes. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, the pressure difference (P1-P2) (transmembrane pressure difference) between the pressure P1 on the inlet side and the pressure P2 on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 in the filter 11 exceeds a predetermined threshold D. In such a case, it is considered that the filtration membrane 70 is clogged, the pump 18 is stopped, and the ascites filtration and concentration process is stopped. At this time, the pump 18 may be continuously operated at a predetermined flow rate, or may employ a method of increasing the flow rate until the predetermined threshold value D is reached step by step, and the operation method is not particularly limited. The threshold value D is set in advance. FIG. 3 shows a main control flow when performing the cleaning process.

  Next, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the filtered ascites remaining on the outlet side of the filter membrane 70 of the filter 11 is recovered (the recovery step in FIG. 3). At this time, the pump 90, the cleaning pump 82, and the circulation pump 116 are stopped, and the pump 90 and the concentration pump 115 of the collection device 40 are operated in a state where the second opening / closing device 20 is opened. At this time, the air flows into the outlet side of the filter membrane 70 of the filter 11 through the fourth line 15, and the remaining filtered ascites is pushed out to the second line 13. The filtered ascites passes through the second line 13 and the concentrator 110, is concentrated, and is stored in the concentrated ascites bag 111.

  Next, for example, when the gas flowing into the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 pushes out the filtered ascites on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 and reaches the gas detection device 91 of the second line 13, the gas detection device 91. The gas is detected by When the gas is detected, the pump 90 and the concentration pump 115 are stopped.

  Next, the washing process of the filtration membrane 70 is performed. As shown in FIG. 5, the cleaning pump 82 of the cleaning device 30 operates in a state where the pump 18 and the pump 90 are stopped, the second switching device 20 is closed, and the first switching device 19 is opened. As a result, the cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid reservoir 80 flows into the second line 13 through the cleaning line 81 and flows into the outlet side of the filter membrane 70 of the filter 11 through the second line 13. Then, the cleaning liquid flows out from the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 through the filtration membrane 70 to the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70. At this time, the adhering matter adhering to the filtration membrane 70 and causing clogging is detached from the filtration membrane 70. The cleaning liquid flows out to the third line 14 from the inlet side of the filter 11 together with the deposit, and is discharged to the drainage part through the third line 14. Thus, the filtration membrane 70 is cleaned (cleaning step in FIG. 3). Then, when a predetermined amount of cleaning liquid set in advance is supplied to the filter 11, the cleaning pump 82 is stopped and the cleaning process of the filtration membrane 70 is completed. At this time, even if the flow rate of the cleaning pump 82 is a predetermined flow rate, the flow rate of the cleaning pump 82 is adjusted so that the pressure measured by the second pressure measuring device 17 during the cleaning does not exceed the predetermined pressure. The method may be used, and the operation method is not particularly limited.

  When the cleaning process of the filtration membrane 70 is completed, as shown in FIG. 1, the pump 90, the cleaning pump 82, and the circulation pump 116 are stopped, the first opening / closing device 19 is closed, and the second opening / closing device 20 is opened. In this state, the pump 18 and the concentration pump 115 are operated, and the filtration and concentration process of ascites is resumed.

  Whenever the pressure difference (P1-P2) between the pressure P1 on the inlet side and the pressure P2 on the outlet side of the filter membrane 70 in the filter 11 exceeds a predetermined threshold D, the ascites filtration and concentration treatment steps are stopped, and the filtration is performed. Ascites recovery step and filtration membrane 70 cleaning step are performed.

  In the filtration and concentration process of ascites, the third pressure measurement device 117 and the fourth pressure measurement device 118 are operated, and the pressure on the inlet side and the pressure on the outlet side of the concentration membrane 120 of the concentrator 110 are monitored. . For example, when the pressure difference (P3-P4) between the pressure P3 on the inlet side and the pressure P4 on the outlet side of the concentration membrane 120 in the concentrator 110 exceeds a predetermined threshold F, the concentration membrane 120 is clogged. The flow rate of the pump 18 and the concentrating pump 115 is accelerated / decelerated, the recirculation pump 116 is decelerated, the pressure difference is reduced, and the filtration / concentration process is continued. When the flow rate of each pump reaches the maximum / minimum flow rate and the pressure difference exceeds a predetermined threshold F, the ascites filtration and concentration process is stopped.

  According to the present embodiment, the ascites treatment device 1 includes a cleaning device 30, a first pressure measurement device 16, a second pressure measurement device 17, a first switch device 19, a second switch device 20, and a control device. 50, and the control device 50 is based on the pressure difference (P1-P2) between the pressure P1 measured by the first pressure measuring device 16 and the pressure P2 measured by the second pressure measuring device 17. When the pressure difference exceeds a predetermined threshold D, the pump 18 is stopped, the second opening / closing device 20 is closed, and the first opening / closing device 19 is opened. The filter membrane 70 is supplied through the line 13. Thereby, the timing of cleaning the filtration membrane 70 can be accurately grasped, and the filtration membrane 70 can be automatically cleaned.

  The cleaning device 30 includes a cleaning liquid storage unit 80 that stores the cleaning liquid, a cleaning line 81 that connects the cleaning liquid storage unit 80 and the second line 13, and a cleaning pump 82 that supplies the cleaning liquid. Can be done accurately.

  Since the ascites treatment device 1 includes the recovery device 40 that collects the filtered ascites remaining on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 through the second line 13, the ascites treatment device 1 is provided on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11. The remaining filtered ascites can be collected before the cleaning of the filtration membrane 70 is started. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the filtration ascites from being wasted when the filtration membrane 70 is washed.

  Since the recovery device 40 includes a fluid supply device that supplies fluid to the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 and pushes the filtered body ascites on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 to the second line 13, the filtered ascites remaining in the filter 11. Recovery can be suitably performed.

  Since the fluid supplied to the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is a gas, and the gas detection device 91 is provided in the second line 13, it is possible to easily collect the filtered ascites using the gas. . Further, the gas can be prevented from entering the downstream side of the second line 13, for example, the concentrator 110 and the concentrated ascites bag 111.

  The filtration membrane 70 is a hollow fiber membrane, the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is the inner region of the hollow fiber membrane, and the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane (internal pressure filtration). Ascites can be effectively filtered by flowing from the inner region to the outer region of the membrane.

  Since the ascites treatment apparatus 1 includes the concentration system 60 for concentrating the filtered ascites of the second line 13, it is possible to suitably perform filtration and concentration of ascites.

  The concentration system 60 further includes a concentrated ascites bag 111 that stores concentrated ascites, and a circulation line 114 that returns the concentrated ascites of the concentrated ascites bag 111 to the second line 13, so that reconcentration of concentrated ascites is performed. This can produce concentrated ascites with a desired concentration rate.

(Second Embodiment)
In the above embodiment, the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is the inner region of the hollow fiber membrane, and the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane (internal pressure filtration), but the outlet side of the filtration membrane is the hollow fiber. The inner region of the membrane, and the inlet side of the filtration membrane may be the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane (external pressure filtration). An example of the ascites treatment apparatus 1 in such a case will be described as a second embodiment.

  FIG. 6 shows an outline of the configuration of the ascites treatment apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment. In the ascites treatment device 1, the outer region (inlet side) of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 leads to the liquid passage ports 11c and 11d, and the inner region (outlet side) of the filtration membrane 70 leads to the liquid passage ports 11a and 11b. Communicates.

  The downstream end of the first line 12 is connected to the liquid passage port 11 d of the filter 11. The upstream end portion of the second line 13 is connected to the liquid passage port 11 a of the filter 11. The third line 14 is connected to the liquid passage port 11 c of the filter 11, and the fourth line 15 is connected to the liquid passage port 11 b of the filter 11. The first pressure measuring device 16 is provided in the first line 12 and measures the pressure on the inlet side (outer region) of the filter membrane 70 of the filter 11. The second pressure measuring device 17 is provided in the second line 13 and measures the pressure on the outlet side (inner region) of the filter membrane 70 of the filter 11. In addition, since the other structure of the ascites treatment apparatus 1 in 2nd Embodiment is the same as that of 1st Embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted using the same code | symbol.

  During the ascites filtration and concentration process, the pump 90, the washing pump 82 and the circulation pump 116 are stopped, the first switch 19 is closed, and the second switch 20 is opened. The pump 18 and the concentration pump 115 are activated. Ascites in the ascites bag 10 flows from the liquid inlet 11d of the filter 11 to the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70, which is the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane, and flows from the outer side to the inner side of the filtration membrane 70 for filtration. The filtered ascites that has passed through the filter membrane 70 flows out from the liquid passage port 11a to the second line 13, is sent to the concentration system 60, and is concentrated. In the reconcentration step, the second opening / closing device 20 is closed, the circulation pump 116 is operated, and the concentrated ascites in the concentrated ascites bag 111 is sent to the concentrator 110 through the circulation line 114 and the second line 13. The concentrated ascites bag 111 is returned from the concentrator 110 through the concentration line 112 and circulated. Thus, the concentrated ascites is reconcentrated.

  In the filtration and concentration process of ascites, the pressure P1 on the inlet side (outer region) of the filtration membrane 70 measured by the first pressure measurement device 16 and the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 measured by the second pressure measurement device 17 When the pressure difference (P1−P2) of the pressure P2 in the (inner region) exceeds a predetermined threshold D, a filtration ascites recovery step and a filtration membrane 70 cleaning step are started.

  In the filtration ascites recovery step, as shown in FIG. 7, the pump 18, the washing pump 82, and the circulation pump 116 are stopped, and the pump 90 and the concentration pump 115 of the recovery device 40 are operated. Atmospheric air flows from the liquid inlet 11b of the filter 11 through the fourth line 15 to the outlet side (inner region) of the filtration membrane 70, and the remaining filtered ascites is pushed out from the liquid inlet 11a to the second line 13. The filtered ascites pushed out to the second line 13 passes through the concentrator 110, is concentrated, and is stored in the concentrated ascites bag 111.

  When the gas flowing into the outlet side of the filter membrane 70 of the filter 11 reaches the gas detection device 91 of the second line 13 and the gas is detected by the gas detection device 91, the pump 90 and the concentration pump 115 are stopped. The

  In the next cleaning process of the filter membrane 70, the pump 18 and the pump 90 are stopped, the second opening / closing device 20 is closed, and the first opening / closing device 19 is opened as shown in FIG. 30 wash pumps 82 are activated. As a result, the cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid reservoir 80 flows into the second line 13 through the cleaning line 81 and flows into the outlet side (inside region) of the filter membrane 70 of the filter 11 through the second line 13. To do. This washing liquid flows out from the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 to the inlet side (outer region) of the filtration membrane 70 through the filtration membrane 70, and is discharged from the liquid passage port 11c of the filter 11 to the third line 14. 3 is drained through the line 14 to the drainage section. Thus, the filtration membrane 70 is washed. When a predetermined amount of cleaning liquid is supplied to the filter 11, the cleaning pump 82 stops and the cleaning process of the filtration membrane 70 is completed.

  When the cleaning process of the filtration membrane 70 is completed, the pump 90, the cleaning pump 82, and the circulation pump 116 are stopped, the first opening / closing device 19 is closed, and the second opening / closing device 20 is opened. The concentration pump 115 is activated and the ascites filtration and concentration process is resumed.

  According to the present embodiment, it is possible to accurately grasp the cleaning timing of the filtration membrane 70 and automatically clean the filtration membrane 70 as in the first embodiment. Further, since the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is the inner region of the hollow fiber membrane and the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane, the washing liquid is allowed to flow from the inner region to the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane, and filtered. The film 70 can be effectively cleaned.

  In the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above, the control device 50 stops the pump 18 and the pump 90 during the cleaning process of the filtration membrane 70 as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. In a state where the first opening / closing device 19 and the second opening / closing device 20 are closed, the cleaning pump 82 of the cleaning device 30 is operated, and the cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid reservoir 80 is filtered through the cleaning line 81 and the second line 13. The pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is increased to a predetermined value B or higher, and then the first switch 19 is opened to allow the cleaning liquid to pass through the filtration membrane 70 (pulse Washing). At this time, the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is monitored by the second pressure measuring device 17, and when the pressure measured by the second pressure measuring device 17 becomes a predetermined value B or more, 1 opening and closing device 19 is opened. By doing so, the adhering matter adhering to the filtration membrane 70 is easily peeled off from the filtration membrane 70, and the filtration membrane 70 is effectively cleaned. The predetermined pressure value B on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 when the first opening / closing device 19 is opened is set to 200 mmHg or more, for example.

  Further, the control device 50 repeats a plurality of times by increasing the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 to a predetermined value B or more and then allowing the cleaning liquid to pass through the filtration membrane 70 (pulse cleaning). You may make it (repetitive pulse washing). At this time, after opening the first opening / closing device 19 and allowing the cleaning liquid to pass through the filtration membrane 70, the first opening / closing device 19 is closed, the cleaning pump 82 of the cleaning device 30 is operated, and the cleaning liquid reservoir 80 The cleaning liquid is supplied to the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 through the cleaning line 81 and the second line 13, and the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is again increased to a predetermined value B or more. According to this example, the filtration membrane 70 can be more effectively cleaned. Note that the number of pulse cleanings is preferably one or more, for example.

  The control device 50 increases the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 to a predetermined value B or more, and then repeatedly passes the cleaning liquid through the filtration membrane 70 (repeated pulse cleaning), 5 and FIG. 8, with the first opening / closing device 19 opened and the second opening / closing device 20 closed, the cleaning device 30 supplies the cleaning liquid to the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 for a predetermined time. The cleaning liquid is passed through the filtration membrane 70 without increasing the pressure on the outlet side of the membrane 70 to a predetermined value B or more (continuous cleaning). By doing so, the deposits separated from the filter membrane 70 can be reliably discharged from the filter 11 without staying in the filter 11. For example, the continuous cleaning may be performed more than the priming volume on the primary side of the filter 11.

  In the above embodiment, in addition, in the filtration and concentration process of ascites before the washing process of the filtration membrane 70, the control device 50 controls the pressure P1 on the inlet side and the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 in the filter 11. At least the first time when the pressure difference of P2 (P1-P2) exceeds a predetermined threshold D, the flow rate of the pump 18 is reduced and the supply to the ascites filter 11 is continued, and then the pressure difference ( When P1-P2) exceeds the threshold value D, the process proceeds to the recovery process and the cleaning process, the pump 18 is stopped in the cleaning process, the second switching device 20 is closed, and the first switching device 19 is opened. In the state, the cleaning liquid may be supplied to the filtration membrane 70 by the cleaning device 30. As shown in FIG. 11, when the flow rate Q of the pump 18 is reduced, the pressure difference (P1-P2) of the filtration membrane 70 is once reduced, and the burden on the filtration membrane 70 is reduced. Therefore, in such a case, the execution of the cleaning process of the filtration membrane 70 can be delayed, and the number of cleaning processes and the total time required for the cleaning process can be reduced. Therefore, filtration and concentration processes of ascites can be performed efficiently.

  Further, the control device 50 repeatedly decelerates the pump 18 based on the pressure difference (P1-P2), the flow rate Q of the pump 18 reaches a predetermined minimum flow rate L, and the pressure difference (P1-P2) exceeds the threshold value D. In the case of the recovery process and the cleaning process, the pump 18 is stopped in the cleaning process, the second switchgear 20 is closed, and the first switchgear 19 is opened. You may make it supply to the filtration membrane 70. FIG. In such a case, it is possible to reduce the total time by further delaying the execution of the cleaning step and to minimize the discharge of useful substances. As a technique for minimizing the discharge of useful substances, a minimum amount of ascites may be treated before the pump 18 is stopped. In such a case, it is possible to prevent the useful substance from being discharged due to repetition of excessive filtration and washing.

  In the above embodiment, when the pressure difference (P1-P2) exceeds the threshold D in the filtration and concentration process of ascites, the process moves to the recovery process, but the process moves directly to the washing process without performing the recovery process. May be.

  In the above embodiment, the reconcentration step is performed after the ascites filtration and concentration step is completed, but the reconcentration step may not be performed.

  In the above embodiment, based on the pressure difference (P1-P2) between the pressure P1 measured by the first pressure measuring device 16 and the pressure P2 measured by the second pressure measuring device 17, the pressure difference (P1-P2) When P1-P2) exceeds a predetermined threshold value D, the cleaning process of the filtration membrane 70 is performed. Based on the pressure P1 measured by the first pressure measuring device 16, the pressure P1 is a predetermined threshold value. When E is exceeded, the washing process of the filtration membrane 70 may be performed. In such a case as well, it is possible to reliably detect that the filter membrane 70 is clogged. The threshold value E is set in advance. In such a case, the pressure P1 is “a value based on the pressure measured by the first pressure measuring device.

  In the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above, the first pressure measurement device 16 may be provided on either the first line 12 or the third line 14. The second pressure measuring device 17 may be provided on either the second line 13 or the fourth line 15. The third line 14 is connected to the liquid inlets 11b and 11c of the filter 11, but communicates with the inlet side of the filter 11 and discharges the cleaning liquid that has passed through the filter membrane 70. It may be connected to the first line 12 as shown in FIG. At this time, the third line 14 is connected between the pump 18 and the filter 11 in the first line 12. In this case, the cleaning liquid that has passed through the filtration membrane 70 is drained to the drainage section through the first line 12 and the third line 14.

  The cleaning device 30 may have other configurations. For example, the cleaning device 30 may not include the cleaning pump 82 but may have a valve and supply the cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid storage unit 80 to the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 by free fall. Alternatively, a cleaning pump may be provided in the third line 14 and a cleaning opening / closing device may be provided in the cleaning line 81.

  The collection device 40 has the fourth line 15 and the pump 90, but may have another configuration. The collection device 40 may include a fourth line 15 opened to the atmosphere and a valve that opens and closes the fourth line 15. In such a case, by opening the valve, the air flows into the fourth line 15 and is sent to the outlet side of the filter membrane 70 of the filter 11 through the fourth line 15. Further, the recovery device 40 may supply a liquid to the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11. The ascites treatment apparatus 1 does not necessarily have to include the collection device 40.

  The filter 11 does not need to have a cylindrical shape and four liquid passage ports, and may have another configuration. The filtration membrane 70 does not need to be a hollow fiber membrane, and may be another type of filtration membrane.

  The configuration of the concentration system 60 is not limited to that of the above embodiment. For example, the concentration pump 115 may be provided in the concentration line 112, or may be provided in the drainage line 113. The fourth pressure measuring device 118 may be provided in the concentration line 112. The circulation line 114 may or may not be present. Furthermore, the present invention can also be applied to an ascites treatment apparatus that does not include the concentration system 60. In such a case, for example, the filtered ascites accommodating part is connected to the second line 13, and the filtered ascites passing through the filter 11 may be accommodated in the filtered ascites accommodating part through the second line 13.

  The ascites treatment apparatus 1 may have a heater (not shown) for heating ascites, filtered ascites, concentrated ascites, washing liquid, and the like. For example, the warmers are provided in the first line 12, the second line 13, the washing line 81, the concentration line 112, the circulation line 114, and the like. Alternatively, the filter 11 and the concentration membrane 110 may be directly heated.

  In the above embodiment, the ascites treatment device 1 was for filtering and concentrating the ascites in the ascites bag 10 and storing the ascites in the concentrated ascites bag 111, but taking out ascites directly from the patient to the first line 12; It may be filtered and concentrated. Alternatively, the filtered and concentrated concentrated ascites may be returned directly to the patient. Therefore, the ascites treatment apparatus 1 may not include the ascites bag 10 and the concentrated ascites bag 111.

  The above embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to the ascites treatment apparatus 1 for treating ascites, but the present invention can also be applied to a body cavity fluid treatment apparatus for treating other body cavity fluid such as pleural effusion.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is useful in providing a body cavity fluid treatment apparatus that can accurately grasp the timing of washing of the filter and can automatically wash the filter.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ascites processing apparatus 10 Ascites bag 11 Filter 12 1st line 13 2nd line 14 3rd line 15 4th line 16 1st pressure measuring device 17 2nd pressure measuring device 18 Pump 19 1st Opening / closing device 20 Second opening / closing device 30 Cleaning device 40 Recovery device 50 Control device 60 Concentration system 70 Filtration membrane 80 Cleaning liquid storage portion 81 Cleaning line 82 Cleaning pump 110 Concentrator 111 Concentrated ascites bag 112 Concentration line 113 Drain line 114 Circulation line 115 Concentration pump 116 Circulation pump

Claims (16)

A filter having a filtration membrane and filtering the body cavity fluid through the filtration membrane;
A first line that communicates with an inlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter, and causes body cavity fluid to flow through the filtration membrane;
A second line that communicates with the outlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter and allows the filtered body cavity fluid to flow through the filtration membrane;
A pump provided in the first line for supplying body cavity fluid to the filter;
A cleaning device connected to the second line, supplying a cleaning liquid to the outlet side of the filtration membrane through the second line and passing the filtration membrane to wash the filtration membrane;
A third line communicating with the inlet side of the filter and discharging the cleaning liquid that has passed through the filtration membrane;
A first pressure measuring device that measures the pressure on the inlet side of the filter membrane of the filter;
A first switchgear provided in the third line;
A second opening / closing device provided on the downstream side of the position where the cleaning device is connected in the second line;
When a value based on the pressure measured by the first pressure measuring device exceeds a predetermined threshold, the pump is stopped, the second opening / closing device is closed, and the first opening / closing device is opened. And a controller for supplying the cleaning solution to the filtration membrane through the second line by the cleaning device. A second pressure measuring device for measuring the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter;
2. The body cavity fluid treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the value based on the pressure is a pressure difference between a pressure measured by the first pressure measurement device and a pressure measured by the second pressure measurement device. .   The cleaning apparatus includes a cleaning liquid storage unit that stores a cleaning liquid, a cleaning line that connects the cleaning liquid storage unit and the second line, and a cleaning pump that is provided in the cleaning line and supplies the cleaning liquid. The body cavity fluid treatment device according to claim 1 or 2.   The body cavity fluid treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a recovery device that recovers the filtered body cavity fluid remaining on the outlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter through the second line.   5. The body cavity fluid treatment device according to claim 4, wherein the recovery device includes a fluid supply device that supplies a fluid to an outlet side of the filtration membrane and pushes a filtered body cavity fluid on the outlet side of the filtration membrane to the second line. . The fluid is a gas;
The body cavity fluid treatment device according to claim 5, wherein a gas detection device is provided in the second line.   The control device reduces the flow rate of the pump and continues to supply the body cavity fluid to the filter at least once when a value based on the pressure exceeds the threshold, and then the pressure When the value based on the value exceeds the threshold, the pump is stopped, the second opening / closing device is closed, and the first opening / closing device is opened, and the cleaning liquid is filtered by the cleaning device. The body cavity fluid treatment apparatus according to claim 1, which is supplied to a membrane.   The control device stops the pump when the flow rate of the pump reaches a predetermined minimum flow rate and the value based on the pressure exceeds the threshold value, closes the second opening / closing device, and The body cavity fluid treatment device according to claim 7, wherein the cleaning liquid is supplied to the filtration membrane by the cleaning device in a state where the first opening / closing device is opened.   The control device stops the pump and supplies the cleaning liquid to the outlet side of the filtration membrane by the cleaning device in a state where the first opening / closing device and the second opening / closing device are closed. The body cavity fluid treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a pressure on the outlet side is increased to a predetermined pressure or more, and then the first opening / closing device is opened to allow the cleaning liquid to pass through the filtration membrane.   10. The body cavity fluid according to claim 9, wherein the control device repeats a plurality of times that the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter is increased to a predetermined pressure or more and then the washing solution is passed through the filtration membrane. Processing equipment.   The controller raises the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter to a predetermined value or more, and then repeatedly passes the cleaning liquid through the filtration membrane a plurality of times, and then stops the pump, With the first switching device opened and the second switching device closed, the cleaning liquid is supplied to the outlet side of the filtration membrane by the cleaning device, and the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane is set to the predetermined value. The body cavity fluid treatment device according to claim 10, wherein the cleaning liquid is allowed to pass through the filtration membrane without being raised above. The filtration membrane is a hollow fiber membrane,
The inlet side of the filtration membrane is the inner region of the hollow fiber membrane;
The body cavity fluid treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein an outlet side of the filtration membrane is an outer region of the hollow fiber membrane. The filtration membrane is a hollow fiber membrane,
The outlet side of the filtration membrane is an inner region of the hollow fiber membrane,
The body cavity fluid treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein an inlet side of the filtration membrane is an outer region of the hollow fiber membrane.   The body cavity fluid treatment device according to claim 1, comprising a concentration system that concentrates the filtered body cavity fluid of the second line. The concentration system includes:
A concentrator for concentrating the filtered body cavity fluid of the second line;
A concentration line for flowing the concentrated body cavity fluid concentrated in the concentrator;
A drainage line for discharging water removed by the concentrator;
The body cavity fluid treatment device according to claim 14, further comprising a concentration pump provided in at least one of the concentration line or the drainage line. The concentration system includes:
A concentrated body cavity fluid reservoir for storing the concentrated body cavity fluid;
The body cavity fluid treatment device according to claim 15, further comprising a circulation line for returning the concentrated body cavity fluid in the concentrated body cavity fluid storage unit to the second line.