JP2019006584A - Elevator including opening/closing device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an elevator including an opening/closing device for an emergency ventilation hole, by which the emergency ventilation hole provided in a cage can be opened and it can be closed automatically without leakage of air.SOLUTION: An elevator including an opening/closing device, according to the present invention, is an elevator including an opening/closing device 30 for opening/closing a ventilation hole 20, provided in a cage, by means of a closing plate 40. The opening/closing device includes a closing plate for closing the ventilation hole and drive means 31 that reciprocates the closing plate in a direction substantially perpendicular to the ventilation hole. The closing plate is connected to the drive means via a joint member 34 supporting the closing plate such that the closing plate is swingable.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator provided with an opening / closing device for opening and closing an emergency vent provided in a car, and more specifically, an emergency vent is automatically opened and closed, and air leakage occurs at the time of closing. The present invention relates to an elevator including an opening / closing device that can be suppressed as much as possible.

  In recent years, various types of high-speed elevators that raise and lower a car at a speed of several hundred meters per minute have been proposed as the number of buildings rises. In this type of elevator, the atmospheric pressure in the car is adjusted by using an air pressure adjusting device such as a blower that sucks and exhausts the inside of the car so as not to give the passenger a sense of incongruity due to a sudden change in atmospheric pressure during ascent and descent.

  In order to control the atmospheric pressure in the car to an optimum state, it is necessary to use a car having a highly airtight structure. On the other hand, when the airtightness is increased, there is a possibility that the inside of the car may be deficient when the power supply is stopped due to a power failure or the like and the operation of the atmospheric pressure adjusting device is stopped. Therefore, in an elevator, it is defined as a standard that an emergency ventilation port (hereinafter simply referred to as “ventilation port”) is provided in a car. This ventilation port is normally closed by a closing plate such as a lid. When power supply to the elevator is stopped due to a power failure or the like, control for opening the closing plate is performed. Thus, the following patent document 1 is proposed as a technique for controlling the opening and closing of the closing plate according to the supply state of the operating power to the elevator.

  Patent document 1 is disclosing the technique which controls opening and closing of the ventilation port provided in the sealing plate of the cage | basket | car. Normally, the ventilation port is closed with a closing plate, and the closing plate is fixed by an arm of the lock device. A wire with a weight suspended from the end is attached to this closing plate, and in the event of a power failure, the power supply to the locking device is cut off, so that the fixing of the closing plate by the arm is released, and the weight The wire closes the weight and pulls the plate, opening the ventilation opening.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-010286

  However, since there is no means for automatically closing the closing plate at the time of recovery from a power failure, etc., even if the power supply to the elevator is resumed, until the maintenance person manually closes the closing plate, the elevator Cannot be operated.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator provided with an emergency vent opening / closing device capable of opening an emergency vent provided in a car and automatically closing it without air leakage.

In order to solve the above problems, an elevator comprising the opening and closing device of the present invention,
An elevator provided with an opening and closing device that closes and opens a ventilation opening provided in the car with a plate,
The switchgear is
A closing plate for closing the ventilation opening;
Driving means for reciprocating the closing plate in a substantially vertical direction with respect to the ventilation port;
With
The closing plate is connected to the driving means via a joint member that supports the closing plate so as to be swingable.

  The joint member can support the closing plate so as to be swingable in a horizontal plane with respect to the driving means.

The drive means is a solenoid capable of reciprocating a plunger,
The joint member may be configured to link the plunger and the closing plate.

A plurality of the vents are opened for one closing plate, and include a non-opening portion that does not open between the vents,
The closing plate is preferably formed with a vent at a position facing the non-opening.

  According to the present invention, the closing plate can automatically open and close the ventilation opening by the driving means. The closing plate is attached to the drive means so as to be able to swing, and can also swing relative to the ventilation port. Therefore, for example, even when the moving direction of the closing plate by the driving means is inclined with respect to the ventilation port, when the closing plate is pressed against the ventilation port, the closing plate swings and the ventilation port is made airtight. It can be sealed. For this reason, the manufacturing accuracy of the switchgear and the mounting accuracy to the car can be given a margin. In addition, a plurality of opening / closing devices are installed in an elevator and are generally installed near the floor or ceiling where it is difficult to perform work. However, there is an advantage that the installation time and adjustment time can be shortened and the installation work can be simplified.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a car in which the switchgear according to the present invention is installed. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main part of the base member to which the opening / closing device is attached. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a closed state of the opening / closing device. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. FIG. 5 is a rear view of the opening / closing device. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the circled portion VI in FIG. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an open state of the opening / closing device. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG. FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the closing plate is swung with respect to the driving means by the joint member. FIG. 10 is a plan view showing an embodiment in which a plurality of ventilation openings and ventilation openings are formed. FIG. 11 is a rear view of FIG. FIG. 12 is a plan view showing an open state of the opening / closing device.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an elevator car 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the car 10 is viewed from the upper rear side (the side opposite to the door 15 on which passengers get on and off). The car 10 is disposed so as to be movable up and down in the elevator shaft.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a car 10 is provided with side panels 12 on the side and rear of a front panel 11 having a door 15, and a ceiling plate 13 and a platform 14 above and below the panels 11 and 12. A space for passengers to board is formed by closing with (floor board). The sealing plate 13 is provided with a blower 18 which is an atmospheric pressure control device, and controls the atmospheric pressure of the car 10 by supplying and exhausting air inside the car 10.

  A base member 16 is provided between the side panel 12, the sealing plate 13, and the platform 14 so as to straddle them. As shown in FIG. 1, the base member 16 has a plurality of ventilation openings 20 along the sealing plate 13 or the platform 14. In this embodiment, three ventilation ports 20 are formed in each base member 16, and an opening / closing device 30 is provided in each ventilation port 20 as shown in FIG. 2. The base member 16 may be appropriately provided with a decorative panel such as a kick plate or a sealing decorative panel on the indoor side of the car 10 so that the base member 16 and the ventilation opening 20 cannot be seen. These decorative panels are desirably arranged with an interval of about 20 mm so that the ventilation opening 20 is not blocked.

  The ventilation opening 20 can be made into a rectangular shape, for example, a horizontally long rectangular shape. The ventilation opening 20 can be set to 3.5% of the car floor area in order that the total opening area satisfies the standards related to the elevator in the European standard (EN81) and the ASME standard.

  In FIG. 1, the base member 16 is a member having a substantially U-shaped cross section and is disposed so as to be concave inward. 2 to 5 show only a part of the base member 16 in which the ventilation port 20 is opened. As shown in FIG. 2, the opening / closing device 30 is fixed to the base member 16 by a screw or the like to a mounting plate 17 provided in a U-shaped space of the base member 16.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the opening / closing device 30 includes, as main components, a driving unit 31 and a closing plate 40 that can reciprocate in a substantially vertical direction with respect to the ventilation port 20 by the driving unit 31.

  The drive means 31 is a solenoid in the illustrated embodiment, and is attached to the attachment plate 17 by screws or the like. The solenoid as the drive means 31 is closed by pushing the closing plate 40 against the ventilation port 20 when energized, and closes the closing plate 40 against the ventilation port 20 in the non-energized state. A configuration for moving in the direction can be exemplified. The driving means 31 is not limited to a solenoid, and may be an actuator using a link mechanism, screw thrust, cylinder, or the like.

  The closing board 40 can illustrate the plate-shaped member formed so that it might become a little larger than the ventilation port 20. FIG. In the present embodiment, the closing plate 40 is configured to be pressed against the ventilation port 20 from the outside and close the ventilation port 20 from the outside. Of course, the closing plate 40 may be disposed inside the car 10 and the ventilation port 20 may be closed while being pulled by the driving means 31.

  In order to enhance the sealing performance to the ventilation port 20, a sealing member 41 is attached to the closing plate 40 on the abutting surface with the base member 16 constituting the periphery of the ventilation port 20. The seal member 41 can be configured by a member such as urethane, rubber, or sponge.

  In order to smoothly open and close the closing plate 40, the closing plate 40 is provided with a roller bracket 44 having a roller 43 attached to the tip as shown in FIG. The roller 43 rolls on a guide (not shown) provided on the base member 16 to guide the closing plate 40 so that it can slide in parallel while maintaining a vertical state.

  The opening / closing device 30 is desirably adjusted so that the closing plate 40 slides parallel to the ventilation port 20 and the closing plate 40 is in close contact with the periphery of the ventilation port 20 in the closed state. However, if the manufacturing accuracy and mounting accuracy of the individual opening / closing devices 30 are incorrect, when the plunger 32 is protruded, the closing plate 40 comes into contact with the ventilation port 20 in an inclined state, and the closing plate 40 and the ventilation port In some cases, a gap is generated between the airtightness 20 and the airtightness cannot be maintained. Of course, these problems can be solved by improving the manufacturing accuracy and mounting accuracy of the switchgear 30, but the switchgear 30 is generally mounted near the floor or ceiling where it is difficult to work. Its installation time and adjustment are difficult.

  Therefore, in the present invention, the closing plate 40 is connected by the joint member 34 so as to be swingable with respect to the driving means 31.

  As a specific embodiment, the closing plate 40 and the drive means 31 are connected by a support shaft 33 connected to the plunger 32, and the closing plate 40 can swing with respect to the plunger 32 on the support shaft 33. And a joint member 34 to be supported. The illustrated joint member 34 is a link that can swing the closing plate 40 with respect to the plunger 32 in a horizontal plane, as shown in an enlarged view of the circled portion VI in FIG. 3. More specifically, the joint member 34 connects a joint 36 on the plunger 32 side and a joint 37 on the closing plate 40 side by a pivot 35, and the closing plate 40 is driven as shown by an arrow R in FIG. The means 31 can swing in a horizontal plane.

  In the above-described configuration, the closing plate 40 is supported so as to be swingable within the horizontal plane with respect to the driving means 31. This is because in the illustrated embodiment, the ventilation port 20 and the closing plate 40 are longer in the width direction than the height direction and are easily affected by the inclination of the closing plate 40. In the illustrated embodiment, since the vertical inclination of the closing plate 40 is adjusted by the roller 43, it can be swung only in the horizontal direction. Of course, the joint member 34 is a mechanism that supports the closing plate 40 so as to be swingable in the vertical plane with respect to the plunger 32, a cross joint that supports swinging in the horizontal plane and the vertical plane, a universal joint, and the like. There may be. The joint member 34 can also be an elastic member such as a spring or rubber.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the opening / closing device 30 having the above configuration is normally biased by the driving means 31 in the direction in which the closing plate 40 closes the ventilation opening 20. For example, when the driving means 31 is a solenoid, by energizing the solenoid, the plunger 32 protrudes in a direction in which the closing plate 40 is pressed against the ventilation port 20 against the suction action of the magnet in which the plunger 32 is built. A plate 40 hermetically seals the vent 20.

  On the other hand, when the energization to the driving means 31 is interrupted in an emergency, the plunger 32 is retracted by the attracting action of the magnet provided therein, and the closing plate 40 is automatically separated from the ventilation port 20. Thereby, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the ventilation opening 20 is opened, and the air permeability (arrow F) between the inside of the car 10 and the outside can be secured through the ventilation opening 20.

  Then, when energization is resumed, the driving means 31 is activated and the plunger 32 protrudes, so that the closing plate 40 is automatically pressed against the ventilation port 20 to block the ventilation port 20 again (FIG. 2 to FIG. 2). FIG. 4).

  When the closing plate 40 closes the ventilation port 20 and in the sealed state, the protruding direction of the plunger 32 with respect to the vertical direction of the base member 16 (indicated by the alternate long and short dash line α in FIG. 9) When inclined in the horizontal plane as indicated by β, normally, the closing plate 40 is inclined to contact with the ventilation port 20, and a gap is formed between the ventilation port 20 and the closing plate 40. However, in the present invention, the closing plate 40 is swingable in the horizontal plane by the joint member 34 with respect to the plunger 32 (arrow R in the figure), so that the plunger 32 protrudes and the closing plate 40 becomes the base member. When the abutment plate 40 abuts against the base member 16, the closing plate 40 swings in a horizontal plane, and the closing plate 40 is pressed in parallel with the base member 16.

  Therefore, even if the manufacturing accuracy and mounting accuracy of the switchgear 30 are inconsistent, the ventilation port 20 can be hermetically sealed by the closing plate 40, and furthermore, the mounting time and adjustment time of the switchgear 30 can be shortened, Can be simplified.

<Different Embodiments Regarding Ventilation Port 20>
In the above embodiment, one ventilation port 20 is provided for one closing plate 40, but a plurality of ventilation ports 20 are provided for one closing plate 40 as shown in FIGS. It is also possible to form and improve the air permeability. In this case, the base member 16 has a non-opening 21 that is not open between the ventilation ports 20. A vent 42 is formed in the closing plate 40 at a position facing the non-opening 21. 10 to 12, the same members as those in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

In the related laws and regulations for elevators, requirements are defined for the ventilation port 20 (including the closing plate 40). For example, EN81-1 is as follows.
・ Elevators with non-perforated car doors have ventilation openings at the top and bottom of the car.
・ Ventilation openings should be at least 1% of the effective area of the car above and below (the clearance around the car door may be converted to 50% or less of the ventilation area).
-Ventilation holes should not allow a 10mm diameter rod to penetrate.

For example, in ASME-A17.1, it is as follows.
・ Do not provide openings from 300mm to 1825mm from the floor.
-If the floor surface is less than 300 mm, a 25 mm sphere cannot pass.
・ If the floor is 1825mm or more, 50mm balls cannot pass.
・ The total area of the natural ventilation openings shall be 3.5% or more of the car floor area, and be distributed equally to the lower and top of the car.

  Here, the effective area A of the opening through the ventilation port 20 is prescribed | regulated in the following way, when the ventilation port 20 is one. As shown in FIG. 5, the height of the ventilation opening 20 opened in the base member 16 is L1, the width is L2, and the opening area is A1 (= L1 × L2). In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the passage of the air F with respect to the opening area A <b> 1, that is, the gap S between the closing plate 40 and the base member 16 in the state where the closing plate 40 is opened, The passage area multiplied by the outer peripheral length L (the height L1 × 2 and the width L2 × 2 of the ventilation port 20) is defined as A2 (= S × L). At this time, the smaller one of the opening area A1 and the passage area A2 becomes the effective area A of the opening.

  That is, in order to utilize the opening area A1 of the ventilation port 20 most effectively, the passage area A2 needs to be larger than the opening area A1, and A1 ≦ A2. In order to increase the passage area A2, the closing plate 40 may be moved backward from the base member 16 to secure the gap S. However, if the moving distance of the closing plate 40 (corresponding to the gap S) is increased, the blocking plate 40 passes through a ball or a rod. This is not desirable because it does not satisfy the above requirements and leads to an increase in the size of the switchgear 30.

For example, when L1 = 70 mm and L2 = 120 mm, the opening area A1 = L1 × L2 = 8400 mm ² is obtained. On the other hand, since S is required not to penetrate a 10 mm rod, if S = 8.5 mm, the passage area is A2 = L × S = 3230 mm ² (where L = 2 × L1 + 2 × L2). Therefore, A1> A2 and the effective area A of the opening is the passage area A2 (= 3230 mm ² ).

  On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, when a plurality of ventilation holes 20 are formed in the base member 16 and the ventilation holes 42 are opened in the closing plate 40 at positions facing the non-opening portions 21 between the ventilation holes 20. The effective area A of the opening is as follows.

  In the figure, there are three ventilation ports 20 and two ventilation ports 42. The ventilation ports 42 have the same size as the ventilation ports 20, the height of each ventilation port 20 is L1 (same as FIG. 5), and the width. Is L2 ′. Moreover, the width direction edge of the left and right vents 20 is made to be the same as the opening width L of the vents 20 in FIG.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 11, the total opening area A1 of the ventilation ports 20 is three times (A1 = 3 × A1 ′) the opening area A1 ′ (= L1 × L2 ′) of each ventilation port 20. The air passage leading to the opening area A1 is formed not only on the outer peripheral side of the closing plate 40 but also between each vent 20 and the vent 42. The length L is three times (L = 3 × L ′) the outer peripheral length L ′ (= 2 × L1 + 2 × L2 ′) of each ventilation port 20.

Here, for L2 ′, three ventilation ports 20 are taken within the width L2 (= 120 mm) of the ventilation port 20 in FIG. 20 mm. Further, the gap S (see FIG. 12) between the closing plate 40 and the base member 16 is set to 8.5 mm, which is the same as that in FIG. As a result, the opening area is A1 = 3 × A1 ′ = 4200 mm ² , and similarly, the passage area is A2 = L × S = 4590 mm ² . That, A1 <A2, and the effective area A of the opening is a small value A1 and A2 becomes the opening area A1 (= 4200 mm ^2), the effective large opening compared to the case of FIG. 5 (A = 3230mm ²⁾ An area can be secured.

  That is, even when the ventilation opening 20 is provided in the same area, the ventilation opening 20 is divided into a plurality of parts as shown in FIGS. The area A can be increased, and an air flow path (arrow F in FIG. 12) can be secured.

  The above description is for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention described in the claims or limiting the scope thereof. Further, the configuration of each part of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the technical scope described in the claims.

  For example, the ventilation port 20 may be provided not in the base member 16 but in the side panel 12, the sealing plate 13, the platform 14 and the like.

  In addition, even when a plurality of ventilation ports 20 are formed for one closing plate 40, it is desirable that the driving means 31 and the closing plate 40 are connected by a joint member 34 so as to be swingable. The joint member 34 can also be omitted.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Car 16 Base member 20 Ventilation port 21 Non-opening part 30 Opening / closing device 31 Driving means 40 Closing plate 42 Venting port 34 Joint member

Claims (4)

An elevator provided with an opening and closing device that closes and opens a ventilation opening provided in the car with a plate,
The switchgear is
A closing plate for closing the ventilation opening;
Driving means for reciprocating the closing plate in a substantially vertical direction with respect to the ventilation port;
With
The closing plate is connected to the driving means via a joint member that supports the closing plate so as to be swingable.
Elevator with switchgear. The joint member supports the closing plate so as to be swingable in a horizontal plane with respect to the driving means.
An elevator comprising the switchgear according to claim 1. The drive means is a solenoid capable of reciprocating a plunger,
The joint member connects the plunger and the closing plate;
An elevator comprising the switchgear according to claim 1 or 2. A plurality of the vents are opened for one closing plate, and include a non-opening portion that does not open between the vents,
The closing plate has a vent formed at a position facing the non-opening portion.
The elevator provided with the switchgear in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3.

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