JP2019006220A - Window structure of railway vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a window structure of a railway vehicle capable of achieving both the improvement of sound insulation performance against a sound at a resonance transmission frequency and the securement good visibility and lighting property.SOLUTION: A window structure 1 is a window structure of a railway vehicle in which a multi-layer window 3 is arranged in an opening part 2a provided at a side structure 2. In the window structure 1, the side structure 2 has an outer plate 4 and an inner plate 5 which are arranged at intervals so as to face each other and define the opening part 2a. The multi-layer window 3 comprises a pair of window plates 6, 7 arranged between the outer plate 4 and the inner plate 5 to cover the opening part 2a and a Helmholtz resonator 9 arranged in an overlapping region R where the pair of window plates 6, 7 and the outer plate 4 and the inner plate 5 are overlapped each other between the pair of window plates 6, 7.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a window structure for a railway vehicle.

  In railway vehicles, particularly high-speed vehicles, a multi-layer window in which a gas layer is formed between a pair of window plates facing each other is used from the viewpoint of sound insulation, heat insulation, safety, and the like. In this multi-layer window, due to a resonance phenomenon called a resonance transmission phenomenon, there is a drop in sound insulation performance at a specific frequency (resonance transmission frequency) in the low frequency band. On the other hand, the window structure which improved the sound-insulation performance with respect to the sound of a resonant transmission frequency is proposed by arrange | positioning a Helmholtz resonator between a pair of window plates, and producing the sound absorption effect (for example, refer patent document 1).

JP 2002-356934 A

  However, when the window structure as described above is applied to the window portion of a railway vehicle, the sound insulation performance against the resonance transmission frequency sound is enhanced, while a part of the window portion is blocked by the Helmholtz resonator. There is a risk that passenger comfort cannot be ensured.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a window structure for a railway vehicle that can achieve both improvement in sound insulation performance against sound having a resonant transmission frequency and ensuring good visibility and lighting.

  The railcar window structure of the present invention is a railcar window structure in which a multi-layered window is disposed in an opening provided in a side structure, and the side structures are disposed at intervals so as to face each other. The multi-layer window has a pair of window plates disposed between the outer plate and the inner plate so as to cover the opening, and a pair of window plates between the pair of window plates. And a Helmholtz resonator arranged in an overlapping region where the window plate, the outer plate, and the inner plate overlap each other.

  In this railway vehicle window structure, a Helmholtz resonator is arranged in an overlapping region where a pair of window plates, an outer plate, and an inner plate overlap each other between the pair of window plates. As a result, the sound insulation performance for the sound having the resonant transmission frequency can be improved by the Helmholtz resonator, and the Helmholtz resonator does not block the opening, so that a good field of view and daylighting can be ensured. Further, since the Helmholtz resonator is not visually recognized from both the vehicle exterior side and the vehicle interior side, the design can be improved.

  The Helmholtz resonator may be arranged at a position corresponding to the corner of the opening in the overlapping region. According to this structure, the area | region of the corner vicinity in which a dead space is easy to be formed can be used effectively.

  The corner may have an R shape. According to this structure, it can suppress that damage, such as a crack, arises in an outer plate due to the stress concentration in a corner part. In addition, when the corner has an R shape, a large dead space is easily formed in a region near the corner, but according to this configuration, such a region can be effectively used.

  The Helmholtz resonator may have a frame body that is sandwiched between a pair of window plates and defines a cavity between the pair of window plates. According to this configuration, since the cavity can be defined using the pair of window plates, the Helmholtz resonator can be reduced in size and simplified, and the Helmholtz resonator can be suitably arranged in the overlapping region.

  Further, the frame may be provided with a communication opening that allows the gas layer formed between the pair of window plates to communicate with the cavity. According to this configuration, the Helmholtz resonator can be further downsized and simplified.

  In addition, the Helmholtz resonator is disposed at a position corresponding to the corner of the opening in the overlapping region, and the portion of the frame body where the communication opening is provided has a shape corresponding to the edge of the opening. May be. According to this configuration, the shape of the frame can be made to correspond to the corner of the opening, and the Helmholtz resonator can be more suitably arranged in the overlapping region.

  The communication openings may be arranged side by side along a predetermined direction. According to this structure, the sound insulation performance with respect to the sound of a predetermined target frequency can be improved effectively.

  Further, the communication openings may be arranged in a matrix. According to this structure, the sound insulation performance with respect to the sound of each frequency can be improved as a whole.

  The multi-layer window further includes a fixing member that fixes edges of the pair of window plates so that a gas layer is formed between the pair of window plates, and the frame body is connected to the fixing member. Good. According to this configuration, since the frame body can be fixed by the fixing member that fixes the edges of the pair of window plates, the configuration can be simplified.

  The multilayer window may include a plurality of Helmholtz resonators having different resonance frequencies. According to this configuration, it is possible to improve the sound insulation performance with respect to the sound having a plurality of resonance transmission frequencies while ensuring good visibility and lighting.

  Further, at least one of the pair of window plates may be made of polycarbonate. According to this configuration, the window plate can be reduced in weight, and the window plate made of polycarbonate can be disposed outside the vehicle, so that cracks due to collision of flying objects can be suppressed.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the window structure of a railway vehicle which can make compatible the improvement of the sound-insulation performance with respect to the sound of a resonant transmission frequency, and ensuring favorable visual field and lighting property can be provided.

It is a front view which shows the window structure which concerns on embodiment. It is a front view which shows the multilayer window shown by FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. It is sectional drawing which shows the fixation structure of the multilayer window shown by FIG. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2. It is a front view which shows the Helmholtz resonator of the 1st modification. (A) is a front view which shows the Helmholtz resonator of a 2nd modification, (b) is a figure which shows the communicating opening provided in the frame shown by (a). (A)-(d) is a table | surface which shows the result of the hammering test about 1st Example, 2nd Example, 3rd Example, and a comparative example. (A) And (b) is a graph which shows the result of the hammering test about 3rd Example and a comparative example.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same reference numerals are used for the same or corresponding elements, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.

  A window structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a window structure of a railway vehicle in which a multilayer window 3 is arranged in an opening 2a provided in a side structure 2 of the railway vehicle. The opening 2a has, for example, a substantially rectangular cross section (in this example, a substantially square shape), and each of the four corners 2b of the opening 2a has an R shape (for example, an arc shape).

  The side structure 2 is a structure that forms a side portion of the railway vehicle, and includes an outer plate 4 and an inner plate 5. The outer plate 4 and the inner plate 5 are arranged, for example, at a predetermined interval so as to face each other in the vehicle width direction. As an example, the outer plate 4 is a plate material having a double skin structure constituting the outer wall of the vehicle, and the inner plate 5 is an interior panel attached to the outer plate 4 from the vehicle inner side.

  The outer plate 4 and the inner plate 5 are provided with an opening 4a and an opening 5a each having a shape corresponding to the opening 2a. The openings 2a are defined by arranging the openings 4a and 5a so as to overlap each other. In this example, the edges of the openings 4a and 5a overlap each other when viewed from the vehicle width direction, but the edge of the opening 4a may be located outside the edge of the opening 5a.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the multilayer window 3 includes a pair of window plates 6 and 7, a fixing member 8, and a plurality (four in this example) of Helmholtz resonators 9. It is configured. The window plates 6 and 7 are rectangular transparent plates and are arranged so as to face each other in the vehicle width direction.

  The window plate 6 arranged on the vehicle outer side is made of, for example, polycarbonate, and the window plate 7 arranged on the vehicle inner side is made of, for example, glass. The window plates 6 and 7 have, for example, the same planar shape. The thickness of the window plate 6 is 8 mm, for example. The thickness of the window plate 7 is, for example, 5 mm, and is thinner than the thickness of the window plate 6 in this example.

  The window plates 6 and 7 are disposed between the outer plate 4 and the inner plate 5 so as to cover the opening 2a. The edge portions 6a and 7a of the window plates 6 and 7 protrude outward from the opening 2a when viewed from the vehicle width direction. The window plates 6 and 7 are fixed to the outer plate 4 and the inner plate 5 by being sandwiched between the outer plate 4 and the fixing bracket 21, for example. The fixing bracket 21 is fixed to the outer plate 4 so as to be positioned on the inner plate 5 side with respect to the window plates 6 and 7.

  In this example, in order to prevent breakage, the window plates 6 and 7 are sandwiched between the outer plate 4 and the fixture 21 via a frame portion 22 having a substantially U-shaped cross section. An elastic member 23 is disposed between the window plates 6 and 7 and the frame portion 22, and a spacer 24 is disposed between the fixing bracket 21 and the frame portion 22. A space between the outer plate 4 and the window plate 6 is sealed with a primary sealing material 25 made of resin. The space between the outer plate 4 and the frame portion 22 is sealed with a secondary sealing material 26 made of resin.

  The fixing member 8 fixes the edge portions 6 a and 7 a of the window plates 6 and 7. The fixing member 8 includes a plurality of (four in this example) spacers 11 disposed between the edges 6a and 7a, and a sealing member 12 that seals between the window plates 6 and 7 outside the spacers 11. And is configured.

  Each spacer 11 is formed in a straight line, and the four spacers 11 are arranged along the four sides of the window plates 6 and 7, respectively. Each spacer 11 is formed in a hollow shape, and a desiccant 13 for drying a gas layer P described later is sealed in each spacer 11. A space between the spacer 11 and the window plates 6 and 7 is hermetically sealed by a primary sealing material 14 made of resin.

  The sealing member 12 is a resin sealing material and hermetically seals between the edges 6 a and 7 a outside the spacer 11. By sealing with the sealing member 12 and the primary sealing material 14, a gas layer P is formed between the spacer 11, the frame 15 of the Helmholtz resonator 9 described later, and the window plates 6 and 7. The gas layer P is composed of air having a pressure of about atmospheric pressure, for example. The thickness of the gas layer P (that is, the distance between the window plates 6 and 7) is, for example, 8 mm.

  Each Helmholtz resonator 9 is disposed between the pair of window plates 6 and 7 in an overlapping region R where the pair of window plates 6 and 7, the outer plate 4, and the inner plate 5 overlap each other. More specifically, each Helmholtz resonator 9 is disposed in a position corresponding to the corner 2b of the opening 2a (a position outside the corner 2b when viewed from the vehicle width direction) in the overlapping region R.

  Each Helmholtz resonator 9 has a frame 15 that is sandwiched between a pair of window plates 6 and 7 and defines a cavity C between the pair of window plates 6 and 7. The cavity C has, for example, a substantially triangular cross section when viewed from the vehicle width direction.

  The frame 15 includes a pair of straight portions 15a and 15a that are orthogonal to each other and connected to each other, and a curved portion 15b that is spanned between the other ends of the straight portions 15a and 15a. ing. The curved portion 15b has an R shape corresponding to the corner 2b of the opening 2a so as to protrude toward the connection point between the straight portions 15a and 15a.

  The curved portion 15b is provided with a plurality of communication openings 16 that allow the gas layer P and the cavity C to communicate with each other. The communication openings 16 are, for example, through-holes having a circular cross section that penetrates the curved portion 15b, and three communication openings 16 are provided at equal intervals along the extending direction of the curved portion 15b. Of the three communication openings 16, the central communication opening 16 is disposed at the intermediate portion in the extending direction of the curved portion 15b. The diameter of the communication opening 16 is 2 mm, for example. The depth of the communication opening 16 is, for example, 6 mm. The thickness of the curved portion 15b along the vehicle width direction is, for example, 6.5 mm.

  The shape and arrangement of the communication opening 16 are set so that the sound absorption effect by Helmholtz resonance is effectively generated for the sound of a predetermined target frequency. That is, the communication opening 16 is provided in a shape and arrangement corresponding to the target frequency. As the target frequency, for example, the resonant transmission frequency of the multilayer window 3 when it is assumed that the Helmholtz resonator 9 is not provided can be set. This resonant transmission frequency varies depending on the shape (thickness and size) and material of the window plates 6 and 7, the thickness of the gas layer P, the type of gas sealed in the gas layer P, and the like.

In the example of this embodiment, the target frequency of each Helmholtz resonator 9 is set to 246 Hz. The resonance frequency f at which the sound absorption effect occurs in the Helmholtz resonator 9 is obtained by the following equation (1).

  In the above equation (1), c is the speed of sound, S is the opening area of the communication opening 16, V is the volume of the cavity C, and L 'is the effective depth of the communication opening 16 when opening end correction is considered. By changing each of these parameters according to the target frequency, it is possible to produce a sound absorption effect by Helmholtz resonance for sound of a predetermined target frequency. In this example, the sound absorption effect by the Helmholtz resonator 9 occurs not only in the target frequency but also in a wide frequency band including the target frequency.

  The frame 15 is connected to the spacer 11 by fitting the end of the straight portion 15 a into the end of the spacer 11. In this connected state, the straight portion 15a and the spacer 11 are located on the same straight line, and the curved portion 15b is disposed along the corner 2b of the opening 2a (so as to face the corner 2b). .

  The space between the frame body 15 and the window plates 6 and 7 is hermetically sealed by the primary sealing material 14 in the same manner as between the spacer 11 and the window plates 6 and 7. Further, the gap between the edges 6 a and 7 a in the outer portion of the frame 15 is hermetically sealed by the sealing member 12 in the same manner as between the edges 6 a and 7 a in the outer portion of the spacer 11. In this example, the outer portion of the frame 15 and the outer portion of the spacer 11 are sealed by an integral sealing member 12.

  As described above, in the window structure 1, the Helmholtz resonator 9 is located in the overlapping region R where the pair of window plates 6, 7, the outer plate 4, and the inner plate 5 overlap each other between the pair of window plates 6, 7. Has been placed. Thereby, the sound insulation performance with respect to the sound of the resonant transmission frequency can be improved by the Helmholtz resonator 9, and the Helmholtz resonator 9 does not block the opening 2a, so that it is possible to secure good visibility and daylighting. Moreover, since the Helmholtz resonator 9 is not visually recognized from both the vehicle exterior side and the vehicle interior side, the design can be improved.

  In the window structure 1, the Helmholtz resonator 9 is disposed at a position corresponding to the corner 2 b of the opening 2 a in the overlapping region R. Thereby, the area | region of the corner 2b vicinity in which a dead space is easy to be formed can be used effectively.

  In the window structure 1, the corner 2b has an R shape. Thereby, it can suppress that damage, such as a crack, arises in the outer plate | plate 4 due to the stress concentration in the corner part 2b. Further, when the corner 2b has an R shape, a large dead space is likely to be formed in a region near the corner 2b. However, according to the window structure 1, such a region can be effectively used.

  In the window structure 1, the Helmholtz resonator 9 has a frame 15 that is sandwiched between the pair of window plates 6 and 7 and defines the cavity C between the pair of window plates 6 and 7. . Accordingly, since the cavity C can be defined using the pair of window plates 6 and 7, the Helmholtz resonator 9 can be reduced in size and simplified, and the Helmholtz resonator 9 can be suitably arranged in the overlapping region R.

  In the window structure 1, the frame 15 is provided with a communication opening 16 that allows the gas layer P formed between the pair of window plates 6 and 7 to communicate with the cavity C. Thereby, the Helmholtz resonator 9 can be further downsized and simplified.

  In the window structure 1, the curved portion 15b has an R shape corresponding to the corner 2b of the opening 2a. Thereby, the shape of the curved part 15b can be made to correspond to the corner part 2b, and the Helmholtz resonator 9 can be more suitably arranged in the overlapping region R.

  Moreover, in the window structure 1, the communication opening 16 is arrange | positioned along with the extension direction of the curved part 15b. Thereby, the sound insulation performance with respect to the sound of target frequency can be improved effectively.

  In the window structure 1, the frame body 15 is coupled to the fixing member 8. Thereby, since the frame 15 can be fixed by the fixing member 8 that fixes the edge portions 6a and 7a of the pair of window plates 6 and 7, the configuration can be simplified.

  In the window structure 1, the window plate 6 is made of polycarbonate. Thereby, while being able to lighten the window board 6, the crack by the collision of a flying object, etc. can be suppressed by arrange | positioning the window board 6 on the vehicle outer side.

  Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, as in the first modification shown in FIG. 6, seven communication openings 16 may be provided at equal intervals along the extending direction of the curved portion 15b.

  Moreover, the communication opening 16 may be provided like the 2nd modification shown by FIG. In the second modification, the communication opening 16 is disposed in a region A including the central portion of the bending portion 15b. As shown in FIG. 7B, in the region A, a plurality of communication openings 16 are arranged in a matrix. The communication opening 16 is configured as, for example, a through minute hole having a diameter of 0.5 mm. The distance between the communication openings 16 adjacent in the row direction or the column direction is, for example, 1 mm. The communication opening 16 may be provided in a wider range than the region A, for example, may be provided between both end portions of the bending portion 15b.

  According to such first and second modified examples, as in the above-described embodiment, it is possible to achieve both improvement in the sound insulation performance against the sound having the resonant transmission frequency and ensuring good visibility and daylighting. Further, when the communication openings 16 are arranged in a matrix as in the second modification example, the sound insulation performance with respect to the sound of each frequency can be improved as a whole as described later. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the first and second modifications, at least two of the four Helmholtz resonators 9 may have different resonance frequencies. In this case, it is possible to improve the sound insulation performance with respect to the sound having a plurality of resonance transmission frequencies while ensuring good visibility and daylighting.

  Further, the frame body 15 may have a straight line portion bridged between the other ends of the straight line portions 15a and 15a instead of the curved portion 15b. In other words, the curved portion 15b may be formed linearly in the above embodiment. Further, instead of providing the communication opening 16 in the curved portion 15b, a metal plate provided with through minute holes may be attached to the curved portion 15b. The communication opening 16 may be a slit or notch formed in the curved portion 15b.

  In the above embodiment, the corner 2b of the opening 2a has an R shape, but the corner 2b may be a corner. Further, the Helmholtz resonator 9 may be arranged in the overlapping region R at a position corresponding to the side of the opening 2a instead of the corner 2b of the opening 2a.

  Moreover, the material which comprises the window boards 6 and 7 is not limited, For example, both the window boards 6 and 7 may be comprised with polycarbonate or glass. Moreover, the gas layer P may be comprised other than air, for example, may be comprised by other gas, such as argon gas.

A hammering test was performed on the first to third examples and the comparative example. 1st-3rd Example respond | corresponds to each of the window structure 1 of the said embodiment, the window structure of a 1st modification, and the window structure of a 2nd modification. The comparative example corresponds to a configuration in which the Helmholtz resonator 9 is not provided in the window structure 1 of the above embodiment. In this case, the spacer 11 is formed in a rectangular ring shape. In the hammering test, the outer window plate 6 is struck and vibrated with a hammer, and vibration acceleration (vibration level) (m / s ² / N) for each frequency (Hz) is obtained at the center of each of the window plates 6 and 7. ) Was measured.

  FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D are tables showing the results of hammering tests for the first example, the second example, the third example, and the comparative example. FIG. 8A is a table showing peak values of vibration acceleration at the first frequency in the outer window plate 6. The first frequency is a frequency when both the window plates 6 and 7 are in the primary vibration mode. FIG. 8B is a table showing the peak value of the vibration acceleration at the second frequency in the window plate 6. The second frequency is a frequency when the window plate 6 is in the third-order vibration mode and the window plate 7 is in the first-order vibration mode. FIG. 8C is a table showing the peak value of vibration acceleration in the first frequency range in the inner window plate 7. FIG. 8D is a table showing the peak value of vibration acceleration at the second frequency in the window plate 7.

  As shown in FIGS. 8A to 8D, the peak values in the inner window plate 7 are smaller in each of the first to third embodiments than in the comparative example. From this, it can be seen that the sound absorption effect by the Helmholtz resonator 9 is suitably generated in the first to third embodiments.

  FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B are graphs showing the results of the hammering test for the third example and the comparative example. FIG. 9A is a graph of vibration acceleration with respect to frequency in the outer window plate 6. FIG. 9B is a graph of vibration acceleration with respect to frequency in the inner window plate 7.

  As shown in FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B, in the third embodiment, the vibration acceleration values for the respective frequencies are generally higher in both the window plates 6 and 7 than in the comparative example. It is getting smaller. In the third embodiment, the peak values at the first frequency and the second frequency are smaller in the inner window plate 7 than in the comparative example. From these facts, it is understood that the sound absorption effect by the Helmholtz resonator 9 is suitably generated in the third embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Railway vehicle window structure, 2 ... Side structure, 2a ... Opening part, 2b ... Corner part, 3 ... Multi-layer window, 4 ... Outer plate, 5 ... Inner plate, 6, 7 ... Window plate, 6a, 7a ... Edges: 8 ... fixing member, 9 ... helmholtz resonator, 15 ... frame, 16 ... communication opening, C ... cavity, P ... gas layer.

Claims (11)

A window structure of a railway vehicle in which a multi-layer window is arranged in an opening provided in a side structure,
The side structures are spaced apart to face each other and have an outer plate and an inner plate that define the opening;
The multi-layer window includes a pair of window plates disposed between the outer plate and the inner plate so as to cover the opening, and the pair of window plates, the outer plate, and the pair of window plates. And a Helmholtz resonator disposed in an overlapping region in which the inner plates overlap each other.   The window structure for a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the Helmholtz resonator is disposed at a position corresponding to a corner of the opening in the overlapping region.   The window structure of a railway vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the corner portion has an R shape.   The railcar window according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the Helmholtz resonator includes a frame body that is sandwiched between the pair of window plates and defines a cavity between the pair of window plates. Construction.   The rail vehicle window structure according to claim 4, wherein the frame body is provided with a communication opening for communicating a gas layer formed between the pair of window plates and the cavity. The Helmholtz resonator is disposed at a position corresponding to a corner of the opening in the overlapping region;
The railway vehicle window structure according to claim 5, wherein a portion of the frame body in which the communication opening is provided has a shape corresponding to the corner portion.   The window structure for a railway vehicle according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the communication openings are arranged side by side along a predetermined direction.   The window structure for a railway vehicle according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the communication openings are arranged in a matrix. The multilayer window further includes a fixing member that fixes edges of the pair of window plates so that a gas layer is formed between the pair of window plates.
The rail vehicle window structure according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the frame is connected to the fixing member.   The said multilayer window is a window structure of the rail vehicle as described in any one of Claims 1-9 which has the said several Helmholtz resonator from which a resonant frequency mutually differs.   The window structure for a railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein at least one of the pair of window plates is made of polycarbonate.

Images