JP2018530542A - エチレンオリゴマー化/三量化/四量化反応器の改善された設計 - Google Patents
エチレンオリゴマー化/三量化/四量化反応器の改善された設計 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018530542A JP2018530542A JP2018514366A JP2018514366A JP2018530542A JP 2018530542 A JP2018530542 A JP 2018530542A JP 2018514366 A JP2018514366 A JP 2018514366A JP 2018514366 A JP2018514366 A JP 2018514366A JP 2018530542 A JP2018530542 A JP 2018530542A
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- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 297
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 title claims description 297
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 223
- 238000005829 trimerization reaction Methods 0.000 title description 252
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 823
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 146
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- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 120
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 86
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- SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;6-[(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)amino]hexanoate Chemical compound [Na+].COC1=CC(C(=O)NCCCCCC([O-])=O)=CC(OC)=C1OC SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 43
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 35
- 229940104230 thymidine Drugs 0.000 description 35
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 30
- DNSUTFANOVPMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[PH2](=O)N=C(N)N Chemical compound [Cr].[PH2](=O)N=C(N)N DNSUTFANOVPMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
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- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous guanidine Natural products NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
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- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 16
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 150000003233 pyrroles Chemical class 0.000 description 16
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- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
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- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 125000000743 hydrocarbylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 12
- OIBNPJOUKDQVFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-imino-3h-pyridin-2-amine Chemical compound N=C1CC=CC(=N)N1 OIBNPJOUKDQVFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- PAPNRQCYSFBWDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrrole Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)N1 PAPNRQCYSFBWDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 10
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- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
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- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 10
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 10
- 125000006657 (C1-C10) hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 9
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- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(oxo)alumane Chemical group C[Al]=O CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ATHGHQPFGPMSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N spermidine Chemical group NCCCCNCCCN ATHGHQPFGPMSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylalumane Chemical compound CCCC[Al](CCCC)CCCC SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- LUINVBFMPCMQPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium guanidine Chemical compound [Cr].NC(=N)N LUINVBFMPCMQPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- UXGVMFHEKMGWMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=COC=C21 UXGVMFHEKMGWMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
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- ISFQCKPPXMYLPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1C(CC=CC1=N)=N.[Co] Chemical compound N1C(CC=CC1=N)=N.[Co] ISFQCKPPXMYLPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L ethylaluminum(2+);dichloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)Cl UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000003102 growth factor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- WRHZVMBBRYBTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN1 WRHZVMBBRYBTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylalumane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Al](CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
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- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- PNKUSGQVOMIXLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamidine Chemical group NC=N PNKUSGQVOMIXLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
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- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
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- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZSKGQVFRTSEPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CN1 ZSKGQVFRTSEPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 4
- 229940063673 spermidine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ORYGRKHDLWYTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihexylalumane Chemical compound CCCCCC[Al](CCCCCC)CCCCCC ORYGRKHDLWYTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- XZQOHYZUWTWZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromium(ii) bromide Chemical compound [Cr+2].[Br-].[Br-] XZQOHYZUWTWZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RNFYGEKNFJULJY-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromium(ii) fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Cr+2] RNFYGEKNFJULJY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UZDWIWGMKWZEPE-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(iii) bromide Chemical compound [Cr+3].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-] UZDWIWGMKWZEPE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000004700 cobalt complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVWLPUQJODERGA-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);diiodide Chemical compound [Co+2].[I-].[I-] AVWLPUQJODERGA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JAWGVVJVYSANRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(3+) Chemical compound [Co+3] JAWGVVJVYSANRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUKDFIXDKRLHRB-UHFFFAOYSA-K cobalt(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Co+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O ZUKDFIXDKRLHRB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(II) acetate Chemical compound [Co+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BZRRQSJJPUGBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) bromide Chemical compound Br[Co]Br BZRRQSJJPUGBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YCYBZKSMUPTWEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Co]F YCYBZKSMUPTWEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WZJQNLGQTOCWDS-UHFFFAOYSA-K cobalt(iii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Co](F)F WZJQNLGQTOCWDS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- FCEOGYWNOSBEPV-FDGPNNRMSA-N cobalt;(z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one Chemical compound [Co].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O FCEOGYWNOSBEPV-FDGPNNRMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUPWRUDTZGBNEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt;pentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound [Co].CC(=O)CC(C)=O.CC(=O)CC(C)=O.CC(=O)CC(C)=O JUPWRUDTZGBNEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002993 cycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- RJGHQTVXGKYATR-UHFFFAOYSA-L dibutyl(dichloro)stannane Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](Cl)(Cl)CCCC RJGHQTVXGKYATR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940117389 dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GAIMKVVZRVGXJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylalumanylium;2,5-dimethylpyrrol-1-ide Chemical compound CC[Al+]CC.CC1=CC=C(C)[N-]1 GAIMKVVZRVGXJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQWPLXHWEZZGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylzinc Chemical compound CC[Zn]CC HQWPLXHWEZZGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMSDTRMGXCBBBH-UHFFFAOYSA-L diiodochromium Chemical compound [Cr+2].[I-].[I-] BMSDTRMGXCBBBH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NZZFYRREKKOMAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N diiodomethane Chemical compound ICI NZZFYRREKKOMAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004870 electrical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003754 ethoxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC)* 0.000 description 1
- IZSBSZYFPYIJDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3,5-dimethyl-1h-pyrrole-2-carboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=1NC(C)=CC=1C IZSBSZYFPYIJDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZYNJVGCLOFPWFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 4-(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)-3,5-dimethyl-1h-pyrrole-2-carboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCC1=C(C)NC(C(=O)OCC)=C1C ZYNJVGCLOFPWFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGDOJPNDRJNJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylaluminum Chemical compound [Al].C[CH2] MGDOJPNDRJNJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- UPWPDUACHOATKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K gallium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ga](Cl)Cl UPWPDUACHOATKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-GNIYUCBRSA-N gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane Chemical compound Cl[C@H]1[C@H](Cl)[C@@H](Cl)[C@@H](Cl)[C@H](Cl)[C@H]1Cl JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-GNIYUCBRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002357 guanidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PDPJQWYGJJBYLF-UHFFFAOYSA-J hafnium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Hf](Cl)(Cl)Cl PDPJQWYGJJBYLF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC([O-])=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CKAPSXZOOQJIBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexachlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl CKAPSXZOOQJIBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003707 hexyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003842 industrial chemical process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002346 iodo group Chemical group I* 0.000 description 1
- SNHMUERNLJLMHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC=C1 SNHMUERNLJLMHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJTQJERLRPWUGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethylbenzene Chemical compound ICC1=CC=CC=C1 XJTQJERLRPWUGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AQBLLJNPHDIAPN-LNTINUHCSA-K iron(3+);(z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound [Fe+3].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O AQBLLJNPHDIAPN-LNTINUHCSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PVFSDGKDKFSOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Fe+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O PVFSDGKDKFSOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- HEJPGFRXUXOTGM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+);triiodide Chemical compound [Fe+3].[I-].[I-].[I-] HEJPGFRXUXOTGM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- LNOZJRCUHSPCDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Fe+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O LNOZJRCUHSPCDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FZGIHSNZYGFUGM-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Fe+2] FZGIHSNZYGFUGM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BQZGVMWPHXIKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) iodide Chemical compound [Fe+2].[I-].[I-] BQZGVMWPHXIKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(iii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Fe](F)F SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[La](Cl)Cl ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229960002809 lindane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;2-methylpropane Chemical compound [Li+].C[C-](C)C UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;butane Chemical compound [Li+].CC[CH-]C WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- KJJBSBKRXUVBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;butane Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCC[CH2-].CCC[CH2-] KJJBSBKRXUVBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUXHCILOWRXCEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;butane;chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].CCC[CH2-] QUXHCILOWRXCEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DLPASUVGCQPFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;ethane Chemical compound [Mg+2].[CH2-]C.[CH2-]C DLPASUVGCQPFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCCXQARVHOPWFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;ethane;chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[CH2-]C YCCXQARVHOPWFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- KEMQGTRYUADPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M margarate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O KEMQGTRYUADPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVSDBMFJEQPWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyllithium Chemical compound C[Li] DVSDBMFJEQPWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005078 molybdenum compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002752 molybdenum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GICWIDZXWJGTCI-UHFFFAOYSA-I molybdenum pentachloride Chemical compound Cl[Mo](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl GICWIDZXWJGTCI-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 125000001298 n-hexoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003935 n-pentoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-M octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RQFLGKYCYMMRMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O RQFLGKYCYMMRMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-M pentadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000003538 pentan-3-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)Cl FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- DVMZCYSFPFUKKE-UHFFFAOYSA-K scandium chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sc](Cl)Cl DVMZCYSFPFUKKE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000005920 sec-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- AIFMYMZGQVTROK-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrabromide Chemical compound Br[Si](Br)(Br)Br AIFMYMZGQVTROK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005922 tert-pentoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- IEXRMSFAVATTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachlorogermane Chemical compound Cl[Ge](Cl)(Cl)Cl IEXRMSFAVATTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FEONEKOZSGPOFN-UHFFFAOYSA-K tribromoiron Chemical compound Br[Fe](Br)Br FEONEKOZSGPOFN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- FAQYAMRNWDIXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroborane Chemical compound ClB(Cl)Cl FAQYAMRNWDIXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEKWPPTXWFKANS-UHFFFAOYSA-K trichlorocobalt Chemical compound Cl[Co](Cl)Cl IEKWPPTXWFKANS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M tridecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000005671 trienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FTBATIJJKIIOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluorochromium Chemical compound F[Cr](F)F FTBATIJJKIIOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- AMNRUTHPUMKEKG-UHFFFAOYSA-K triiodocobalt Chemical compound I[Co](I)I AMNRUTHPUMKEKG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- JBWKIWSBJXDJDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethyl chloride Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 JBWKIWSBJXDJDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPGXUAIFQMJJFB-UHFFFAOYSA-H tungsten hexachloride Chemical compound Cl[W](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl KPGXUAIFQMJJFB-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J19/0013—Controlling the temperature of the process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C07C2/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation
- C07C2/06—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation of alkenes, i.e. acyclic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C07C2/08—Catalytic processes
- C07C2/14—Catalytic processes with inorganic acids; with salts or anhydrides of acids
- C07C2/20—Acids of halogen; Salts thereof ; Complexes thereof with organic compounds
- C07C2/22—Metal halides; Complexes thereof with organic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
- B01J19/1806—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside resulting in a turbulent flow of the reactants, such as in centrifugal-type reactors, or having a high Reynolds-number
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
- B01J19/1812—Tubular reactors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
- B01J19/1812—Tubular reactors
- B01J19/1818—Tubular reactors in series
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
- B01J19/1812—Tubular reactors
- B01J19/1825—Tubular reactors in parallel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
- B01J19/1856—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside placed in parallel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
- B01J19/1862—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside placed in series
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
一態様において、式P1のR2p、R3p、R4p、及びR5p、ならびに式I1のR2i、R3i、R4i、R5i、R6i、及びR7iは、独立して、水素、C1〜C18オルガニル基、またはC3〜C60シリル基;あるいは、水素、C1〜C15オルガニル基、またはC3〜C45シリル基;あるいは、水素、C1〜C10オルガニル基、またはC3〜C30シリル基;あるいは、水素、C1〜C5オルガニル基、またはC3〜C15シリル基;あるいは、水素またはC1〜C18オルガニル基;あるいは、水素またはC1〜C15オルガニル基;あるいは、水素またはC1〜C10オルガニル基;またはあるいは、水素またはC1〜C5オルガニル基であり得る。一実施形態において、式P1のR2p、R3p、R4p、及びR5p、ならびに式I1のR2i、R3i、R4i、R5i、R6i、及びR7iは、独立して、水素、C1〜C18ヒドロカルビル基、またはC3〜C60シリル基;あるいは、水素、C1〜C15ヒドロカルビル基、またはC3〜C45シリル基;あるいは、水素、C1〜C10ヒドロカルビル基、またはC3〜C35シリル基;あるいは、水素、C1〜C5ヒドロカルビル基、またはC3〜C15シリル基;あるいは、水素またはC1〜C18ヒドロカルビル基;あるいは、水素またはC1〜C15ヒドロカルビル基;あるいは、水素またはC1〜C10ヒドロカルビル基;またはあるいは、水素またはC1〜C5ヒドロカルビル基であり得る。
を有するジホスフィノアミニルを含み得、
式中、R1n、R2n、R3n、及びR4nは、本明細書に記載される任意の基であり得、指定されていないアミニル窒素原子価(*)は、ヘテロ原子配位子の残基を表す。一実施形態において、R1n、R2n、R3n、及びR4nは、それぞれ、異なり得る。いくつかの実施形態において、R1n、R2n、R3n、及びR4nは、それぞれ、同じであり得る。他の実施形態において、R1n及びR2nは、同じであり得、R3n及びR4nは、同じであり得るが、R1n及びR2nとは異なり得る。さらに他の実施形態において、R1n及びR3nは、同じであり得、R2n及びR4nは、同じであり得るが、R1n及びR3nとは異なり得る。
を有する基である。ホルムアミジン基内で、中心の炭素原子との二重結合に関与する窒素は、N1窒素と称され、中心の炭素原子との単一結合に関与する窒素原子は、N2窒素と称される。同様に、N1及びN2窒素原子に結合している基は、それぞれ、N1基及びN2基と称される。N2−ホスフィニルホルムアミジン基は、一般構造
を有する。N2−ホスフィニルホルムアミジン基内で、N1及びN2窒素原子ならびにN1及びN2基は、ホルムアミジン基に対して説明されるものと同じ意味を有する。したがって、N2−ホスフィニルホルムアミジン基は、N2窒素原子に結合しているホスフィニル基を有する。
構造NPF1を有するN2−ホスフィニルホルムアミジン化合物、構造NPFMC1を有するN2−ホスフィニルホルムアミジン遷移金属錯体、及び構造NPFCr1を有するN2−ホスフィニルホルムアミジンクロム錯体内のR1、R3、R4、及びR5は、独立して、本明細書に説明されており、構造NPF1を有するN2−ホスフィニルホルムアミジン化合物、構造NPFMC1を有するN2−ホスフィニルホルムアミジン遷移金属錯体、及び構造NPFCr1を有するN2−ホスフィニルホルムアミジンクロム錯体をさらに説明するために使用され得るが、これらに限定されない。MXPは、構造NPFMC1を有するN2−ホスフィニルホルムアミジン遷移金属錯体の遷移金属化合物を表す。CrXpは、構造NPFCr1を有するN2−ホスフィニルホルムアミジンクロム錯体のクロム化合物を表す。Qは、構造NPFMC1を有するN2−ホスフィニルホルムアミジン遷移金属錯体、及び構造NPFCr1を有するN2−ホスフィニルホルムアミジンクロム錯体内の任意の中性配位子を表すが、qは、存在する任意の中性配位子の数を表す。MXP、CrXp、Q、及びqは、独立して、本明細書に説明されており、構造NPFMC1を有するN2−ホスフィニルホルムアミジン遷移金属錯体及び構造NPFCr1を有するN2−ホスフィニルホルムアミジンクロム錯体をさらに説明するために使用され得るが、これらに限定されない。さらに、MXP、CrXp、Q、及びqは、構造NPFMC1を有するN2−ホスフィニルホルムアミジン遷移金属錯体及び構造NPFCr1を有するN2−ホスフィニルホルムアミジンクロム錯体をさらに説明するために、独立して説明されたR1、R3、R4、及びR5と組み合わせることができる。
を有する基である。アミジン基内で、中心の炭素原子との二重結合に関与する窒素は、N1窒素と称され、中心の炭素原子との単一結合に関与する窒素原子は、N2窒素と称される。同様に、N1及びN2窒素原子に結合している基は、それぞれ、N1基及びN2基と称される。N2−ホスフィニルアミジン基は、一般構造
を有する。N2−ホスフィニルアミジン基内で、N1及びN2窒素原子ならびにN1及びN2基は、アミジン基に対して説明されるものと同じ意味を有する。したがって、N2−ホスフィニルホスフィニルホルムアミジン基は、N2窒素原子に結合しているホスフィニル基を有する。アミジン基及びN2−ホスフィニルアミジン基内で、2個の窒素原子の間の炭素原子は、中心の炭素原子とのあり、それと結合している任意の置換基は、中心炭素基と称される。本開示及び特許請求の範囲のために、2−アミン基を用いたピリジン基を有する化合物(またはその類似体−例えば、ピリミジン環、イミダゾール環、2−アミノピリジン基を有する化合物等)または2−ホスフィニルアミン基を有する化合物は、それぞれ、アミジン基またはN2−ホスフィニルアミジン基を構成すると見なされない。
構造NPA1を有するN2−ホスフィニルアミジン化合物、構造NPAMC1を有するN2−ホスフィニルアミジン遷移金属錯体、及び構造NPACr1を有するN2−ホスフィニルアミジンクロム錯体内で、R1、R2、R3、R4、及びR5は、独立して、本明細書に説明されており、構造NPA1を有するN2−ホスフィニルアミジン化合物、構造NPAMC1を有するN2−ホスフィニルアミジン遷移金属錯体、及び構造NPACr1を有するN2−ホスフィニルアミジンクロム錯体をさらに説明するために使用され得るが、これらに限定されない。MXPは、構造NPAMC1を有するN2−ホスフィニルアミジン遷移金属錯体の遷移金属化合物を表す。CrXpは、構造NPACr1を有するN2−ホスフィニルアミジンクロム錯体のクロム化合物を表す。Qは、構造NPAMC1を有するN2−ホスフィニルアミジン遷移金属錯体、及び構造NPACr1を有するN2−ホスフィニルアミジンクロム錯体の任意の中性配位子を表すが、qは、存在する任意の中性配位子の数を表す。MXP、CrXp、Q、及びqは、独立して、本明細書に説明されており、構造NPAMC1を有するN2−ホスフィニルアミジン遷移金属錯体及び構造NPACr1を有するN2−ホスフィニルアミジンクロム錯体をさらに説明するために使用され得るが、これらに限定されない。さらに、MXP、CrXp、Q、及びqは、構造NPAMC1を有するN2−ホスフィニルアミジン遷移金属錯体及び構造NPACr1を有するN2−ホスフィニルアミジンクロム錯体をさらに説明するために、独立して説明されたR1、R2、R3、R4、及びR5と組み合わせることができる。
を有する基である。グアニジンコアの中心の炭素原子との二重結合に関与する窒素は、N1窒素と称され、中心の炭素原子との単一結合に関与する2個の窒素原子は、N2窒素及びN3窒素と称される。同様に、N1、N2、及びN3窒素原子に結合している基は、それぞれ、N1基、N2基、及びN3基と称される。本明細書に記載されるN2−ホスフィニルグアニジン錯体の配位子で見出されたもの等のN2−ホスフィニルグアニジン基は、一般構造
を有する。N2−ホスフィニルグアニジン基内で、グアニジンコアの中心の炭素原子との二重結合に関与する窒素は、N1窒素と称され、グアニジンコアの中心の炭素原子との単一結合及びホスフィニル基のリン原子との結合に関与する窒素原子は、N2窒素と称され、グアニジンコアの中心の炭素原子との単一結合に関与する残りの窒素原子は、N3窒素と称される。グアニジンコアまたはN2−ホスフィニルグアニジン基が、その名称にグアニジンを含有しないより大きな基(または化合物)の一部であってもよいことは留意されるべきである。例えば、化合物7−ジメチルホスフィニルイミダゾ[1,2−a]イミダゾールは、イミダゾ[1,2−a]イミダゾールコアを有する化合物(またはホスフィニルイミダゾ[1,2−a]イミダゾール基を有する化合物)と分類され得るが、7−ジメチルホスフィニルイミダゾ[1,2−a]イミダゾールはさらに、グアニジンコア(またはN2−ホスフィニルグアニジン基)の定義された一般構造を含有するので、グアニジンコアを有する化合物(またはN2−ホスフィニルグアニジン基を有する化合物)と分類され得る。
適切なi)N2−ホスフィニルグアニジン化合物の構造Gu1、Gu2、Gu3、Gu4、及び/もしくはGu5、ii)N2−ホスフィニルグアニジン遷移金属錯体の構造GuMC1、GuMC2、GuMC3、GuMC4、及び/もしくはGuMC5、ならびに/またはiii)N2−ホスフィニルグアニジンクロム錯体の構造GuCr1、GuCr2、GuCr3、GuCr4、及び/またはGuCr5内で、R1、R2a、R2b、R3、R4、R5、L12、及びL22は、独立して、本明細書に説明されており、適切なi)N2−ホスフィニルグアニジン化合物の構造Gu1、Gu2、Gu3、Gu4、及び/もしくはGu5、ii)N2−ホスフィニルグアニジン遷移金属錯体の構造GuMC1、GuMC2、GuMC3、GuMC4、及び/もしくはGuMC5、ならびに/またはiii)N2−ホスフィニルグアニジンクロム錯体の構造GuCr1、GuCr2、GuCr3、GuCr4、及び/もしくはGuCr5をさらに説明するために使用され得るが、これらに限定されない。N2−ホスフィニルグアニジン遷移金属錯体の構造GuMC1、GuMC2、GuMC3、GuMC4、及びGuMC5を有するN2−ホスフィニルグアニジン遷移金属錯体内のMXPは、N2−ホスフィニルグアニジン遷移金属錯体の遷移金属化合物を表す。N2−ホスフィニルグアニジンクロム錯体の構造GuCr1、GuCr2、GuCr3、GuCr4、及び/もしくはGuCr5内のCrXpは、N2−ホスフィニルグアニジンクロム錯体のクロム化合物を表す。Qは、i)N2−ホスフィニルグアニジン遷移金属錯体の構造GuMC1、GuMC2、GuMC3、GuMC4、及びGuMC5、ならびにiii)N2−ホスフィニルグアニジンクロム錯体の構造GuCr1、GuCr2、GuCr3、GuCr4、及び/もしくはGuCr5の任意の中性配位子を表すが、qは、存在する任意の中性配位子の数を表す。MXP、CrXp、Q、及びqは、独立して、本明細書に説明されており、i)N2−ホスフィニルグアニジン遷移金属錯体の構造GuMC1、GuMC2、GuMC3、GuMC4、及びGuMC5、ならびにiii)N2−ホスフィニルグアニジンクロム錯体構造GuCr1、GuCr2、GuCr3、GuCr4、及び/もしくはGuCr5をさらに説明するために使用され得るが、これらに限定されない。さらに、MXP、CrXp、Q、及びqは、i)N2−ホスフィニルグアニジン遷移金属錯体の構造GuMC1、GuMC2、GuMC3、GuMC4、及びGuMC5、ならびにiii)N2−ホスフィニルグアニジンクロム錯体の構造GuCr1、GuCr2、GuCr3、GuCr4、及び/もしくはGuCr5をさらに説明するために、独立して説明されたR1、R2a、R2b、R3、R4、及びR5と組み合わせることができる。
を有する基である。
を有する基である。
を特徴とする繰り返し単位を有し得、
式中、R’は、直鎖状または分岐状アルキル基である。金属アルキル化合物のためのアルキル基は、独立して、本明細書に説明されており、式Iを有するアルミノキサンをさらに説明するために使用され得るが、これらに限定されない。一般に、式Iのnは、1を超える;またはあるいは、2を超え得る。一実施形態において、nは、2〜15の範囲;またはあるいは、3〜10の範囲であり得る。
886、ランダムアクセスメモリ(RAM)888、流入口/流出口(I/O)デバイス890、及びネットワーク接続性デバイス892を含むメモリデバイスと連通しているプロセッサ882(中央プロセッサ単位またはCPUと称され得る)を含む。プロセッサ882は、1つ以上のCPUチップであり得る。
Claims (34)
- 反応系内の反応混合物に、オレフィンモノマーを周期的または連続的に導入し、かつ触媒系または触媒系成分を周期的または連続的に導入することと、
前記反応混合物内の前記オレフィンモノマーをオリゴマー化して、オリゴマー生成物を形成することと、
前記反応系から前記オリゴマー生成物を含む反応系流出物を周期的または連続的に排出させることと、を含み、
前記反応系が、前記反応系内の全反応混合物体積と、熱交換反応混合物体積及び前記反応混合物と熱交換媒体との間に間接的な熱接触を提供する全熱交換表面積を含む前記反応系の熱交換部分とを含み、
前記全熱交換表面積の、前記反応系内の前記全反応混合物体積に対する比が、0.75in−1〜5in−1の範囲内であり、
前記反応系からのオリゴマー生成物排出量が、1.0(lb)(hr−1)(gal−1)〜6.0(lb)(hr−1)(gal−1)である、プロセス。 - 前記反応系内の前記反応混合物に、反応溶媒を周期的または連続的に導入することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 全反応系熱交換表面積の、前記反応系内の前記全反応混合物体積に対する比が、等式[0.64*(前記反応系からのオリゴマー生成物排出量)]−1.16によって説明される最小値から等式[0.64*(前記反応系からのオリゴマー生成物排出量)]+0.76によって説明される最大値の範囲内である、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記熱交換反応混合物体積の、前記反応系内の前記全反応混合物体積に対する比が、0.70〜1.0の範囲内である、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応系が、非熱交換反応混合物体積と、前記反応混合物と前記熱交換媒体との間に熱交換を提供しない全非熱交換表面積とを含む前記反応系の非熱交換部分をさらに含み、前記反応系の前記非熱交換部分内の前記反応混合物の平均温度が、前記反応系の前記熱交換部分内の前記反応混合物の平均温度の0.61%以内である、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応系が、非熱交換反応混合物体積と、前記反応混合物と前記熱交換媒体との間に熱交換を提供しない全非熱交換表面積とを含む前記反応系の非熱交換部分をさらに含み、前記熱交換媒体の平均温度が、前記反応系の前記熱交換部分内の前記反応混合物の平均温度の9.3%以内である、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応系が、連続撹拌槽反応器(CSTR)、栓流反応器、またはこれらの任意の組み合わせからなる群から選択される反応器を含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応系が、連続撹拌槽反応器を含み、前記熱交換媒体が、前記連続撹拌槽反応器の外壁の少なくとも一部の周囲のジャケット内、内部熱交換コイル内、またはこれらの任意の組み合わせで前記反応混合物と間接的に接触する、請求項7に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応系が、1つ以上の栓流反応器を含み、前記熱交換媒体が、少なくとも1つの栓流反応器の少なくとも一部の壁を通して前記反応混合物と間接的に接触する、請求項7に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応系が、前記反応器を含む反応混合物経路を含み、前記反応混合物が、前記反応器を通して再循環され、体積反応混合物再循環流量の、前記反応系流出物の体積排出量に対する比が、8〜60である、請求項7に記載のプロセス。
- 前記オレフィンモノマーが、本質的にエチレンからなる、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記触媒系が、クロム、ヘテロ原子配位子、及び金属アルキル化合物を含む、請求項11に記載のプロセス。
- 前記触媒系が、本質的にトリアルキルアルミニウム化合物からなる有機金属化合物を含む、請求項11に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応混合物が、前記触媒系を含み、前記触媒系が、a)ニッケル化合物、及び少なくとも1つの第三級有機リン酸基を有する二座有機ホスホリン、またはb)ニッケル化合物と、少なくとも1つの第三級有機リン酸基を有する二座有機ホスホリンとの錯体を含む、請求項11に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応混合物が、前記触媒系を含み、前記触媒系が、a)ジルコニウムハライド、ヒドロカルビルオキシド、またはカルボキシレート、及び金属アルキル化合物、またはb)ジルコニウムハライド、アルコキシド、またはカルボキシレート、ルイス塩基、及び金属アルキル化合物を含む、請求項11に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応混合物が、前記触媒系を含み、前記触媒系が、
a)α−ジイミン化合物と錯化させた遷移金属化合物と金属アルキル化合物とを含む遷移金属錯体、
b)ピリジン2,6−ビスイミン化合物と錯化させた遷移金属化合物と金属アルキル化合物とを含む遷移金属錯体、
c)遷移金属化合物、ピリジン2,6−ビスイミン化合物、及び金属アルキル化合物、または
d)これらの任意の組み合わせを含む、請求項11に記載のプロセス。 - オレフィンモノマーをオリゴマー化するための反応系であって、前記反応系が、
前記反応系内の反応混合物に、オレフィンモノマー、触媒系もしくは触媒系成分、またはこれらの任意の組み合わせを周期的または連続的に導入するように設定されている1つ以上の反応系注入口と、
前記反応系からオリゴマー生成物を含む反応系流出物を周期的または連続的に排出させるように設定されている1つ以上の反応系反応混合物排出口と、
前記反応系内の全反応混合物体積と、
熱交換反応混合物体積及び前記反応混合物と熱交換媒体との間に間接的な熱接触を提供する全熱交換表面積を含む前記反応系の熱交換部分と、を含み、
前記全熱交換表面積の、前記反応系内の前記全反応混合物体積に対する比が、0.75in−1〜5in−1の範囲内であり、
前記反応系からのオリゴマー生成物排出量が、1.0lb/hr/gal〜6.0lb/hr/galである、反応系。 - 前記全反応系熱交換表面積の、前記反応系内の前記全反応混合物体積に対する比が、等式[0.64*(前記反応系からのオリゴマー生成物排出量)]−1.16によって説明される最小値から等式[0.64*(前記反応系からのオリゴマー生成物排出量)]+0.76によって説明される最大値の範囲内である、請求項17に記載の反応系。
- 前記熱交換反応混合物体積の、前記反応系内の前記全反応混合物体積に対する比が、0.70〜1.0の範囲内である、請求項17に記載の反応系。
- 前記反応系が、非熱交換反応混合物体積と、前記反応混合物と前記熱交換媒体との間に熱交換を提供しない全非熱交換表面積とを含む前記反応系の非熱交換部分をさらに含み、前記反応系の前記非熱交換部分内の前記反応混合物の平均温度が、前記反応系の前記熱交換部分内の前記反応混合物の平均温度の0.61%以内である、請求項17に記載の反応系。
- 前記反応系が、非熱交換反応混合物体積と、前記反応混合物と前記熱交換媒体との間に熱交換を提供しない全非熱交換表面積とを含む前記反応系の非熱交換部分をさらに含み、前記熱交換媒体の平均温度が、前記反応系の前記熱交換部分内の前記反応混合物の平均温度の9.3%以内である、請求項17に記載の反応系。
- 前記反応系が、連続撹拌槽反応器(CSTR)、栓流反応器、またはこれらの任意の組み合わせからなる群から選択される反応器を含む、請求項17に記載の反応系。
- 前記反応系が、1つ以上の栓流反応器を含み、前記熱交換媒体が、少なくとも1つの栓流反応器の少なくとも一部の壁を通して前記反応混合物と間接的に接触する、請求項22に記載の反応系。
- 反応系内の反応混合物に、オレフィンモノマーを周期的または連続的に導入し、かつ触媒系または触媒系成分を周期的または連続的に導入することであって、前記反応系が、前記反応系内の全反応混合物体積と、熱交換反応混合物体積及び前記反応混合物と熱交換媒体との間に間接的な熱接触を提供する全熱交換表面積を含む前記反応系の熱交換部分とを含む、導入することと、
前記反応混合物内の前記オレフィンモノマーをオリゴマー化して、オリゴマー生成物を形成することと、
前記オリゴマー化の間に1つ以上の反応系動作パラメータを決定することと、
前記オリゴマー化の間に前記1つ以上の反応系動作パラメータを制御することと、
前記1つ以上の反応系動作パラメータの制御に応答して、前記全熱交換表面積の、前記反応系内の全反応混合物体積に対する比を0.75in−1〜5in−1の範囲内に維持することと、
前記反応系から前記オリゴマー生成物を含む反応系流出物を周期的または連続的に排出させることと、を含む、プロセス。 - 前記1つ以上の反応系動作パラメータの制御に応答して、前記反応系からのオリゴマー生成物排出量を1.0(lb)(hr−1)(gal−1)〜6.0(lb)(hr−1)(gal−1)に維持することをさらに含む、請求項24に記載されるプロセス。
- 前記1つ以上の反応系動作パラメータが、流入口の体積流量及び反応系流出物の体積流量を含み、前記全熱交換表面積の、前記反応系内の前記全反応混合物体積に対する比の維持は、前記流入口の体積流量及び前記反応系流出物の前記体積流量の制御に応答している、請求項25に記載されるプロセス。
- 前記1つ以上の反応系動作パラメータが、前記反応混合物においてオリゴマー生成物濃度を含み、前記オリゴマー生成物排出量の維持が、前記オリゴマー生成物の制御に応答している、請求項24に記載されるプロセス。
- 前記全反応系熱交換表面積の、前記反応系内の前記全反応混合物体積に対する比の維持が、前記1つ以上の反応系動作パラメータの制御に基づいて、等式[0.64*(前記反応系からのオリゴマー生成物排出量)]−1.16によって説明される最小値から等式[0.64*(前記反応系からのオリゴマー生成物排出量)]+0.76によって説明される最大値の範囲内であることをさらに含む、請求項24に記載されるプロセス。
- 前記1つ以上の反応系動作パラメータの制御に基づいて、前記反応系の非熱交換部分内の前記反応混合物の平均温度を、前記反応系の前記熱交換部分内の前記反応混合物の平均温度の0.61%以内に維持することをさらに含む、請求項24に記載されるプロセス。
- 前記1つ以上の反応系動作パラメータが、全反応系の前記非熱交換部分内の前記反応混合物の平均温度、前記反応系の前記熱交換部分内の前記反応混合物の平均温度、及び熱交換媒体の平均温度を含み、前記1つ以上の反応系動作パラメータの制御が、前記熱交換媒体の少なくとも平均温度を制御することを含む、請求項29に記載されるプロセス。
- 前記熱交換媒体の平均温度を、前記反応系の前記熱交換部分内の前記反応混合物の平均温度の9.3%以内に維持することをさらに含む、請求項30に記載されるプロセス。
- 前記1つ以上の反応系動作パラメータの制御に基づいて、前記反応系の前記熱交換部分内の前記反応混合物のレイノルズ数を、2×105〜1×106に維持することをさらに含む、請求項24に記載されるプロセス。
- 前記1つ以上の反応系動作パラメータが、前記熱交換部分内の前記反応混合物の流量、撹拌デバイスの動作パラメータ、またはこれらの任意の組み合わせを含む、請求項32に記載されるプロセス。
- 前記反応系内の前記反応混合物の少なくとも一部を再循環させることと、前記反応系内で再循環された前記反応混合物の一部の体積反応混合物再循環流量の、前記反応系流出物の体積排出量に対する比を8〜60に維持することと、をさらに含む、請求項24に記載されるプロセス。
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