JP2018522777A - Automatic closing sheet for enclosing and dropping a large amount of material - Google Patents

Abstract

  The present invention relates to a sheet arranged in relation to a split barge to enclose a large quantity of material to be dropped when a large quantity of substance is released, the sheet comprising a substance-containing part and a substance-containing part. At least two material-free portions extending from opposite sides, the immersed sheet enclosing a large amount of material, both encapsulated by a material-containing portion, both extending from the assembly point And an automatic closing part (22) which is at least a part of the substance-free part (3), and the closing length of the automatic closing part (22) is at least 5 times the detour length of the enclosing body This detour length extends from the set point to the set point. The invention further relates to a method for encapsulating large quantities of material by a sheet.

Description

  The present invention relates to a sheet arranged in relation to a split barge to enclose a large quantity of material to be dropped when a large quantity of substance is released, the sheet comprising a substance-containing part and a substance-containing part. And at least two portions having no substance extending from opposite sides. The invention further relates to a method for encapsulating large quantities of material by a sheet.

  浚 渫-Drilling of materials such as soil, sand, clay, slits and / or rocks from below waters such as rivers and oceans-enables offshore construction projects and a large part of the world's sand consumption Is a large global industry that supplies

  This industry reuses most of the 9 billion cubic meters of material it digs annually for construction, coastal supply, or landfill purposes. However, not all materials are suitable. Approximately 22-25% of the volume drowned annually comprises dredged waste and fine precipitates that need to be discarded because their small particle size cannot be used for actual use. Therefore, fine sediment is instead dropped into the ocean, and the deposited sediment may remain in the water column for up to six months, where it can kill small organisms and cause deoxygenation. , Often disturb the aquatic ecosystem and leave adverse effects in the long run.

  Because of the potential danger of ocean dumping, the dredging industry faces increased high cost of investment, both due to increased environmental costs and increased difficulty finding a suitable dump site close to the drilling site. Efforts have been made to minimize the contamination of sediment (precipitate) due to dropping. Therefore, new efforts have been made in the direction of minimizing sediment contamination caused by the drop. U.S. Pat. No. 6,057,077 discloses, for example, a hopper ship having a geotextile insulating bag containing a large amount of material that prevents the dispersion of the material to some extent when dropped. However, since geotextile bags do not enclose material, some sediment contamination may still occur.

  Alternatively, reference 2 is a known possibility consisting of a fabric for accepting loosely or easily sticky substances through a filling opening which can be closed to form a deposition bulk at a selected location. An example of a flexible container is disclosed. The disadvantage of known operations for sealing these flexible containers is that they are quite time consuming.

  On the other hand, developers and contractors who employ certain companies face high raw material costs as the demand and decline of these resources in certain regions has increased the prices of raw materials such as rock, gravel and sand. Yes. At the same time, dredging companies drop more than 2 billion cubic meters of sediment every year, often near the construction site.

International Publication No. 10/116013 International Publication No. 9/729247

  Therefore, it is desirable to prevent the deposited sediment from spreading easily and cost-effectively throughout the water column, thereby reducing the pressure on the global marine environment that is already burdened. In addition, it would be desirable to provide a way to increase the use of drowning materials by connecting disjoint markets, ie dredging and construction resources.

  Disclosed herein is a sheet configured to enclose a large amount of material that is dropped when a large amount of material is released, which can be placed in connection with a split barge. A sheet to be immersed, containing a containing part and at least one substance-free part extending from at least two opposite sides of the substance-containing part, encapsulating a large amount of substance, both of which are gathering points ( an enclosure body encapsulated by a substance-containing part extending from an assembly point and an automatic closing part that is at least part of a substance-free part, the closing length of the self-closing part being a circumvention length of the enclosure body This detour length extends from the set point to the set point.

  The sheet can be configured so that it is released from the split barge before enclosing a large amount of material, so that when immersed, the sheet is encapsulated by the substance-containing part and the self-closing part. And the self-closing portion can be at least part of the material-free portion.

  The detour length can be defined as the length of the sheet from the set point to the set point when detouring the main body to which the sheet is to be enclosed.

  The self-closing portion can be at least part of a closing length extending from the gathering point toward the free end of the seat. The free end of the sheet can be the free end of the material free part.

  The closing length of the automatic closing portion is 5% of the detour length of the enclosing body, ie 1/20 to 2 times, more preferably, the closing length is 1/4 to 1.5 times the detour length of the enclosing body. can do.

  The sheet can thereby be configured to be released from the split barge before the sheet encapsulates a large amount of material and / or without pre-closing and / or pre-sealing the sheet. This eliminates the need for handling the sheet after it has been placed in the split barge.

  The substance-containing part of the sheet may be arranged such that the substance-containing part joins the inner or outer surface of the split barge, i.e. the outer surface of the substance-containing part joins the inner surface of the split barge. Or the inner surface of the substance-containing part can be arranged such that the substance-containing part joins the outer surface of the split barge.

  The entire substance-containing portion and sheet may comprise a center line configured to be disposed along the center line at the bottom of the split barge. The center line of the split barge can be parallel to both sides of the split barge, i.e. port and starboard, and can be located in the middle between the two sides. The centerline of the substance-containing part and the entire sheet can divide the substance-containing part and the sheet into two opposing sides. The sheet can further have another center line perpendicular to the center line defined above, which also divides the sheet into two opposing parts.

  The substance-containing portion can be dimensioned after the sheet is placed in or on the split barge. The substance-containing portion can be further formed into a bag or the like to fit into the split barge and the shim can be placed in or on it.

  In one embodiment, the substance-free portion can comprise at least two substance-free portions extending from at least two opposite sides of the substance-containing portion, while each of the opposing sides is a sheet Extends from one side of the center line. The two material-free parts can extend from the sides, i.e. both sides of the substance-containing part located along the port and starboard side of the split barge. The non-substance portions on each side of the substance-containing portion may extend or be arranged to extend with approximately the same length from the substance-containing portion. The material-free portions on each side of the material-containing portion may extend at different lengths from the material-containing portion or may be arranged to extend.

  Alternatively, the at least one substance-free part can comprise one substance-free part extending from the entire periphery of the edge of the substance-containing part, wherein at least two opposite sides of the substance-free part are It may extend from the containing portion at approximately the same length, or be arranged to extend.

  The part without substance can extend along all sides of the substance-containing part and / or along part of the side part of the substance-containing part. The material free portion can be an edge portion of the material containing portion or an additional edge portion attached to the material containing portion.

  A large amount of material is released from the split barge, and when the weight of the large amount of material begins to settle the sheet toward the seabed, the sheet forms an encapsulating body and tail around the large amount of material, That is, it can be said that it is an automatic closing sheet in the sense that it is provided with a portion without an adjacent substance extending from at least both sides of the substance-containing part. This can be achieved by the hydraulic pressure generated around the sinking sheet without employing any other means to close the sheet and / or seal the sheet. The gathering point between the enclosing body and the self-closing part can likewise be formed during the settling of the sheet enclosing a large amount of material.

  The detour length of the encapsulating body can be defined as the length from where one side of the sheet contacts the opposite side of the sheet at the assembly point.

  The self-closing portion can comprise at least a portion of one or more material-free portions or one or more material-free portions. The self-closing portion can extend from the gathering point toward the water surface.

  The advantage of enclosing a large amount of material is that spreading of the material in the water column between the water surface and the bottom of the seabed or lake, river or the like is prevented when dropping the material.

  The principle of self-closing is made possible by the pressure field induced around the sinking sheet joining the material-free parts of the sheet. This is because the pressure field draws water from within the sheet, thereby pushing the material-free parts of the sheet towards each other almost instantaneously. When the enclosing body reaches the seabed, the seat can remain closed, partially open or fully open, in which case the sediment extends over the seabed. It becomes possible to spread.

  The material to be dropped may be a substantially hard material, a suspendable material, and / or a viscous material, such as soil, sand, clay, slits, rocks, or other ground materials.

  A split barge is a large quantity of material by splitting a hull into two or opening one or more gates or flaps such as bottoms located in a barge, ship, container, or the like. Means a barge, ship, or container configured to drop.

  The split barge can comprise one or more rooms, each room being configured to hold a sheet.

  A support element can be placed in the split barge to support the non-substance portion of the sheet when the sheet is placed in the split barge and while filling the split barge. The support element can be one or more racks arranged along the edge of the split barge. The support element can be configured to hold a material-free portion of the sheet on the outer or inner surface of the split barge.

In one or more embodiments, the sheet further comprises a mechanical and / or chemical seal.
A mechanical and / or chemical seal can be added to the sheet to automatically seal the sheet at the same time that the sheet is automatically closed.

  Mechanical and / or chemical seals can be added to the sheet to allow control over when the sediment can spread across the seabed. Alternatively, mechanical and / or chemical seals can be added to the sheet when the encapsulated material is used as a temporary building block. The sheet may be suitable for a shape that includes both a substantially secondary building block and a substantially rectangular building block. The building block can be advantageously dropped on the construction site for the reconstructed embankment close to the dredging site.

  A mechanical and / or chemical seal can be placed at least on the inner surface of the sheet, at least in the self-closing portion of the sheet. In practice, this is the inner surface of the self-closing part that contacts during settling of the sheet enclosing a large amount of material.

  Alternatively, the mechanical and / or chemical seals may both be attached to the inner and outer surfaces of the sheet. A mechanical and / or chemical seal may be attached to the outer surface of the sheet on one or both sides of the sheet. This allows a large amount of material to be encapsulated by the sheet and sealed before releasing the sheet enclosing the large amount of material from the split barge.

  Thus, the mechanical and / or chemical seal can be configured to engage either before or after opening the split barge.

  In one or more embodiments, the mechanical seal comprises a face fastener or mushroom fastener. The hook-and-loop fastener is known as Velcro®. The mushroom fastener can be, for example, a mushroom fastener known as Pressotex®. The hook or mushroom fastener can be attached at least to the inner surface of the self-closing portion of the seat. Hook fasteners or mushroom fasteners can additionally be attached to the outer surface of the sheet on one or both sides of the sheet.

  Alternatively, the mechanical seal can comprise at least one retaining barb disposed on the strap, and the strap can be attached to the split barge. The strap is clamped around the self-closing portion of the seat and can engage the barb as the encapsulated material sinks. The strap can break or break into a weak connection or such condition when the strap is fully stretched between the split barge and the encapsulated bulk of material that settles.

  In one or more embodiments, the chemical seal comprises an adhesive. The scientific seal can be a mushroom fastener with an adhesive known as Duotec®. The adhesive can be applied to at least the inner surface of the self-closing portion of the sheet. The adhesive can additionally be applied to the outer surface of the sheet on one or both sides of the sheet.

  In one or more embodiments, the sheet further comprises at least one attachment element for attaching the sheet to the split barge so that the attachment element is released at the weight of the settling sheet enclosing a large amount of material. It is configured.

  The seat can be attached to the split barge by an attachment and removal system for attaching / detaching the seat to / from the split barge. The attachment and removal system can include a corresponding attachment element that is released from the corresponding attachment element by the weight of the settling sheet enclosing a large amount of material.

  The attachment element is either on or in a sheet suitable for use to spread the sheet and place the sheet on the split barge and / or to attach the sheet directly or indirectly to the split barge. It may be an element. The attachment element can be used to attach the sheet edge to the top or side of the split barge.

  The sheet is removed from the split barge after the split barge is released and as the weight of the material on the sheet pushes the sheet into the water and when the sheet is fully extended from the centerline or sheet center point to the end of the sheet. Can be released. This makes it easier for the seat end to be stretched as the seat enters the water, thereby making the gathering point formation and self-closing part more effective. Can be advantageous. Furthermore, this, together with the automatic closing concept, makes it quick and easy to drop the encapsulated material without the need for manpower to pre-close and / or pre-seal the seat.

  In one or more embodiments, the attachment element comprises a strap and a snap-off element. The corresponding attachment element can be a hook attached directly or indirectly to the split barge. The hook may be a conventional open and / or closed load bearing hook.

  In one or more embodiments, the snap-off element comprises a weak connection along a strap configured to break. Weak connections can be broken by the weight of the settling sheet enclosing a large amount of material.

  In one or more embodiments, the snap-off element comprises a snap-off button. The snap-off button can be placed along the length of the strap so that the strap splits into two parts when the snap-off button is released. Alternatively, the snap-off button can be placed on one of the ends of the strap.

  It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a mechanical and / or chemical seal can be further used as an attachment element, and that the attachment element can be further used as a mechanical and / or chemical seal.

  In one or more embodiments, the attachment element and / or mechanical seal comprises a magnet.

  One or more magnetic tapes and / or multiple magnets can be mounted on or in the self-closing portion of the seat. The magnet may be suitable for removably attaching the sheet to the split barge because the split barge can be made of steel, while the magnet is preferably located at least at the end of the sheet. The magnets may alternatively or simultaneously be suitable for obtaining a self-sealing of the self-closing part of the sheet, while the magnets can be arranged at the end part and / or they are of the sheet It can be arranged to substantially cover the self-closing part. A magnet may be suitable for sealing the sheet both before and after opening the split barge.

  Alternatively, the attachment element can comprise a strap without a snap-off element and the rope can comprise a snap hook with a release mechanism, while the snap hook is attached to the rope at one end. It can be fixed and can be removably attached to the strap at the other end. The release mechanism can be trickled with a predetermined weight depending on the weight of the sheet that encloses a large amount of material.

  In one or more embodiments, the sheet comprises a degradable material. The choice of degradable material type may be based on when a large amount of material is allowed to spread along the seabed.

  The degradable material can be a biodegradable material. The biodegradable material can be a fiber based on geotextile. This geotextile based fiber can be made from coconut fiber or jute. Geotextiles consisting of coconut fiber burlap may be ideal for a fully degradable sheet. Geotextiles can be surface treated in water-soluble biopolymers, ensuring that the geotextile degrades after several years.

  In one or more embodiments, the sheet comprises a permanent material. Permanent materials can be used when the encapsulated material is used as a building block. The permanent material can be polypropylene and / or polyacetate.

  Sheets contain large quantities of enclosed material in building blocks, such as dam cores or bases, quay walls, embankment reinforcements, building blocks for use as jetty or breakwaters, riverbeds or holes of the kind or the like When used as a building block to fill a groove, it can be made from a permanent material.

  In one or more embodiments, the self-closing portion of the sheet is made of a different material than the remaining sheets. The material used for the self-closing portion can have a lower strength than the material used for the remaining sheet, while the remaining sheet includes at least the substance-containing portion of the sheet.

  In one or more embodiments, the sheet comprises an outer sheet configured to be attached to a split barge such that the sheet constitutes an inner sheet configured to contact a large amount of material as described above. be able to.

  The outer sheet can be configured to be in direct contact with the split barge on one side and the inner sheet on the other side, with the inner sheet on the outer sheet on one side and the bulk material on the other side. Can be configured to be in direct contact. That is, the inner and outer sheets can be disposed along the inner surface of the split barge. The inner sheet surface configured to contact the outer sheet comprises a low friction surface, i.e. slippery.

  The outer sheet is attached to the split barge along one or more wires attached at one end to the split barge and at the other end to the outer sheet along the end of the outer sheet or a portion of the end. be able to. The wire can be hooked to the split barge and / or the outer sheet.

  In using a sheet comprising an inner sheet and an outer sheet, a large amount of material can be placed on / above both the inner sheet and the outer sheet that directly contacts the inner sheet. As the split barge is released, a large amount of material settles in the water under the split barge. At some point determined by the length of the one or more wires, the wires are tightened to slide the inner sheet off the outer sheet. The inner sheet continues to sink toward the seabed, while the outer sheet can be hung on the wire and pulled back into the split barge.

  The substance-containing portion of the inner sheet is configured to be folded when placed in the split barge, for example, folded in a zigzag manner. The folded portion of the inner sheet disposed along the inner surface of the split barge can increase the degree of expandability of the inner sheet. The excess material provided on the inner sheet can open during the sedimentation of large quantities of material. Excess material opened in the inner sheet can provide the expandability of the self-closing portion of the inner sheet.

  The outer sheet can be configured to withstand peak forces in and / or on the sheet that occur when a large amount of material is pushed through the split barge when the split barge is released. The outer sheet is configured to protect against tearing by sharp or rough surfaces and / or edges in and / or on the split barge, or other irregularities in and / or on the split barge. The outer sheet can be a TenCate® sheet or the like. The inner sheet can be configured to withstand the forces on the sheet during descent toward the seabed. The inner sheet can thereby be made from a material having a lower strength than when using only one sheet.

  The cost of manufacturing the sheet is related to the material strength requirements. An advantage of a sheet comprising an inner sheet and an outer sheet is that an inner sheet that can be configured for a single use requires a relatively low material strength and thereby has a relatively low manufacturing cost. It is. Outer sheets that require higher material strength and therefore require higher manufacturing costs may be reusable.

  Further disclosed herein is a method of encapsulating a large amount of material by a sheet as described above, comprising placing the sheet in or under a split barge, and a sheet or split with a large amount of material. Filling the barge and releasing the split barge, whereby the mass of material begins to sink the sheet towards the seabed, encapsulating the mass of material and subsequently sinking Guiding the sheet to the assembly point by water pressure generated around the sheet and engaging the automatic closing of the automatic closing part.

  The step of opening the split barge can be done before the sheet is closed around the bulk material and optionally sealed.

  If the sheet is attached to the split barge with an attachment element, the step of releasing the attachment element can be performed between the step of opening the split barge and the step of enclosing a large amount of material.

  In one or more embodiments, the sheet comprises a mechanical and / or chemical seal, and the method includes performing the mechanical and / or chemical seal simultaneously with engaging the automatic closure of the automatic closure portion. Prepare.

  In one or more embodiments, the sheet comprises an outer sheet, whereby the sheet constitutes the inner sheet as described above, and the method further comprises the step of collecting the outer sheet into a split barge.

  The outer sheet can be attached to the split barge along the edge or part of the edge of the outer sheet by one or more wires attached to the split barge at one end and to the outer sheet at the other end. . The wire can be hooked to the split barge and / or the outer sheet.

  The outer sheet can be recovered by pulling the outer sheet back into the split barge. The outer sheet may be collected into the split barge or pulled back before closing the split barge.

  Further disclosed herein is a method of encapsulating a large amount of material by a sheet as described above, the method comprising placing the sheet in a split barge and filling the sheet with a large amount of material. Enclosing a large amount of material, performing a mechanical and / or chemical seal, releasing a split barge, and releasing a large amount of encapsulated material that settles toward the seabed. .

  If the sheet is attached to the split barge by an attachment element, the step of releasing the attachment element can be performed between the step of filling the sheet and the step of enclosing a large amount of material.

  This method may be particularly beneficial when dropping to very shallow depths, where the automatic closure effect may not have the correct state to work properly.

  In one or more embodiments, the sheet comprises an outer sheet, whereby the sheet as described above constitutes the inner sheet, and the method further comprises the step of collecting the outer sheet into a split barge.

  The outer sheet may be attached to the split barge along the edge or part of the edge of the outer sheet by one or more wires attached to the split barge at one end and attached to the outer sheet at the other end. it can. The wire can be hooked to the split barge and / or the outer sheet.

  The outer sheet can be recovered by pulling the outer sheet back into the split barge. The outer sheet may be collected into the split barge or pulled back before closing the split barge.

  Various embodiments of the present invention are described below by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a seat according to the invention having an automatic closing part and operating according to the automatic closing concept. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a sheet according to the present invention disposed in a split barge. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating release of a sheet from a split barge according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating release of a sheet from a split barge according to the present invention. FIG. 4 shows the use of different embodiments for sealing sheets according to the invention. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a sheet according to the present invention comprising an inner sheet and an outer sheet.

  FIG. 1 shows a seat 1 according to the invention having an automatic closing part 22 and operating according to the automatic closing concept, which works as follows.

  First, the sheet 1 is placed on or in the split barge 100, and the substance-containing portion 4 of the sheet is filled with a large amount of substance 101. The center line of the sheet substantially follows the center line 106 of the split barge. The material free part 3 of the sheet is held along the edge of the split barge by a support element (not shown). In the presently illustrated embodiment and as shown in FIG. 2, the substance-containing portion of the sheet is disposed along the inner surface 103 of the split barge and the non-substance portion is supported along the outer surface 104 of the split barge. Held by element 102. Alternatively, the sheet can be placed along the outer surface of the split barge. The part 3 without the substance can be folded in a zigzag shape.

  The split barge 100 is then opened and the mass of material 101 pushes the sheet 1 into the water. As the sheet and the mass of material sinks toward the seabed, the water pressure around the sheet encloses the mass of material, forming an encapsulated body 20, and following the settling of the encapsulated mass of material, there is no material. Collect part 3 in the tail. In the presently illustrated embodiment, the tail extends toward the surface of the water starting at the gathering point 21, while the tail constitutes a self-closing portion 22 that extends away from the containment body from the gathering point.

  Since the enclosing body 20 may change into a different form during immersion, the assembly point may change during immersion, and the closing length of the automatic closing portion may change. Furthermore, the closing length, i.e. the length of the self-closing part from the set point to at least one edge on the opposite side of the sheet, and thereby the formation of the set point on at least two sides of the sheet, frees the split barge. Since the split barge is not properly filled or only half filled when a large amount of material is released with a long closing distance, it also depends on the density of the large amount of material as well as the volume of the large amount of material.

  3A and 3B show the release of the sheet 1 from the split barge 100 according to the present invention. In the presently shown embodiment, the mounting element 5 comprises a magnet arranged at the edge 2 of the material free part 3 of the sheet.

  After the split barge 100 is opened and the sheet 1 and a large amount of material (not shown) have sunk toward the seabed, the sheet is pulled along the inner surface of the split barge, as in the presently shown embodiment. (See FIG. 1) and the attachment element 5 is released when the sheet is fully stretched.

  The attachment element 5 can directly engage the split barge 100 or a corresponding attachment element 105 arranged on the split barge or support element 102.

  FIG. 4 shows the use of different embodiments for the sheet 1 according to the invention.

  The sheet comprises a mechanical seal 10 or chemical seal in at least the self-closing portion 22 of the sheet. In the presently shown embodiment, it is shown how a sheet can be provided with hook and loop fasteners 11 and / or mushroom fasteners 12 on the inner surface 103 of the sheet.

  FIG. 5 illustrates a sheet 1 according to the invention comprising an outer sheet 1a, which constitutes an inner sheet 1b. In the presently shown embodiment, the outer sheet and the substance-containing portion 4 of the inner sheet are arranged along the inner surface 103 of the split barge 100 and the substance-free portion 3 of the inner sheet is on the outer surface 104 of the split barge. Along (not shown) by a support element. The portion 3 having no substance can be folded in a zigzag manner. Alternatively, the outer sheet and / or the inner sheet can be disposed along the outer surface of the split barge. One or more wires 30 (shown by dotted lines) are attached to the split barge at one end and attached to the outer sheet at the other end.

  The automatic closing concept involves the wire 30 being tightened and the inner sheet being detached from the outer sheet when the split barge 100 is opened and the weight of the mass 101 pushes the outer sheet 1a and inner sheet 1b into the water. Works as described above. The inner sheet continues to sink toward the seabed, while the outer sheet is suspended on the wire until the outer sheet is pulled up onto the split barge. As the inner sheet 1b and the large amount of material 101 sink toward the seabed, the water pressure around the sheet encloses the large amount of material to form an encapsulated body (not shown) and as the encapsulated large amount of material settles. Collect part 3 without material in the tail.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sheet | seat 1a Outer sheet | seat 1b Inner sheet | seat 3 Substance-free part 4 Substance-containing part 5 Attachment element 11 Surface fastener 12 Mushroom fastener 20 Enclosed body 21 Assembly point 22 Automatic closing part 100 Split barge 101 A lot of substances

Claims (18)

A sheet (1) configured to enclose said mass of material (101) that is dropped when a mass of material (101) is released, which can be arranged in relation to a split barge (100) ,
The sheet (1) comprises a substance-containing part (4) and at least one substance-free part (3) extending from at least two opposite sides of the substance-containing part (4),
The soaked sheet (1) encloses the large quantity of material and is free of the encapsulated body (20) and the material, both encapsulated by the material-containing portion (4) both extending from the assembly point (21) A self-closing part (22) that is at least part of part (3);
The closing length of the automatic closing portion (22) corresponds to at least 5% of the bypass length of the enclosing body (20), and the bypass length is from the set point (21) to the set point (21). Sheet (1), characterized in that it extends into the sheet.   2. Sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheet (1) comprises at least one mechanical seal and / or at least one chemical seal.   The seat according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one mechanical seal comprises a surface fastener (11) or a mushroom fastener (12).   4. A sheet according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the at least one chemical seal comprises an adhesive.   The sheet (1) further comprises at least one attachment element (5) for attaching the sheet (1) to the split barge (100), wherein the attachment element (5) comprises a sheet (1) to be settled. The sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sheet is configured to be released when enclosing the large amount of the substance (101).   6. Seat according to claim 5, characterized in that the attachment element (5) comprises a strap and a snap-off element.   The seat of claim 6, wherein the snap-off element comprises a weak connection along the strap configured to break.   The seat according to claim 6, wherein the snap-off element comprises a snap-off button.   6. Seat according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the mounting element (5) and / or the mechanical seal comprises a magnet.   The sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the sheet (1) is made of a degradable material.   11. Sheet according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheet (1) is made of a permanent material. 12. A sheet according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the self-closing part (22) of the sheet (1) is made of a material different from the rest of the sheet.   The sheet (1) is attached to the split barge (100) such that the sheet (1) constitutes an inner sheet (1b) configured to contact the bulk material (101). A sheet according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a configured outer sheet (1a). A method for enclosing a large amount of substance (101) by means of a sheet (1) according to any one of claims 1-12,
-Placing the sheet (1) in or under the split barge (100);
Filling the sheet (1) or the split barge (100) with the bulk material (101);
-Opening the split barge (100), whereby the weight of the bulk material (101) begins to sink the sheet (1) towards the seabed;
With
The method includes enclosing the bulk material (101), and subsequently guiding the sheet (1) to an assembly point (21) by water pressure generated around the settling sheet (1); Engaging the automatic closure of the automatic closure part (22). Said sheet (1) comprises a mechanical and / or chemical seal;
15. The method of claim 14, further comprising the step of engaging the mechanical and / or chemical seal simultaneously with the step of engaging the automatic closure of the automatic closure portion (22). Method. The sheet (1) includes the outer sheet (1a) such that the sheet (1) constitutes an inner sheet (1b),
16. Method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the method further comprises the step of collecting the outer sheet (1a) into the split barge (100). A method for encapsulating a large amount of substance by means of a sheet (1) according to any one of claims 2-12,
-Placing the sheet (1) in the split barge (100);
Filling the sheet (1) with the bulk material (101);
-Enclosing said bulk material (101);
-Engaging the mechanical and / or chemical seal;
-Releasing the split barge (100) to release the encapsulated mass (101) that sinks towards the seabed;
A method comprising: The sheet (1) includes the outer sheet such that the sheet (1) constitutes the inner sheet (1b),
18. The method of claim 17, further comprising retracting the outer sheet (1a) over the split barge (100).

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