JP2018503442A - 熱発生に基づいた器官の局所的な代謝速度を推定するための、および潅流された組織の容量に対する局所的血流を推定するためのデバイス - Google Patents
熱発生に基づいた器官の局所的な代謝速度を推定するための、および潅流された組織の容量に対する局所的血流を推定するためのデバイス Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
Glu+6O2→6CO2+6H20
このプロセスからのエンタルピーの3分の1が熱として消え、、3分の2が38ATP分子を生成するために使用される。栄養素が血液で運ばれるので、血流、動脈の酸素含有量および酸素抽出量は、細胞に対する栄養素の十分な供給を保証する必須因子の一部である。脳において、脳の酸素物質代謝(CMRO2)は、脳血流(CBF)と酸素抽出画分(OEF)とから決定することができる。最終段階において、流動限定状況、これらの変数、CBF、OEFは、CMRを決定する。CBFは、脳に栄養素を供給するだけでなく、そのエネルギー代謝によって生成される熱を除去する機能を有する。周囲の頭蓋骨のために脳は外部環境へ熱を十分に逃がすことができないので、これがCBFの重要な機能である。ヒト脳に対するこれらの正常値および他の生理学的変数を、表1に示す。
式中、hbは組織の単位体積当たりの熱転移の速度、Vは組織の単位体積当たりの潅流速度、pbは血液の密度、Cbは血液の比熱、kは血液と組織の間の不完全な熱平衡を説明する因子、Taは動脈血の温度、および、Tは局所的な組織温度である。他の熱源からの熱転移は、この開示の目的では無視できる。さらに、pb、CbおよびKは一般に一定である。したがってシステムは、ウォッシュイン、平衡およびウォッシュアウト・サイクルの全体にわたっるhbおよびhbの変化率の推定値を算出する。脳温度(T)と代謝速度(CMR)との間には緊密な関連がある。すなわち、CMRは一般に、Tが低下するに従い遅くなる。さらに、脳によって生成される熱は、CMRに比例する。したがって、第1の時間Tt1の温度でのhbおよびCMR(薬代謝率を含む)は、第2の時間Tt2の温度でのhbとCMRより低くなる(ただし、Tt2はTtlより大きい)。ついでシステムは、キーとなる脳の血行動態的特徴(例えばCBF、CBV、CVR、CPP、RPV、PST、PaO2、MAP、RSI、RHIなど)及び/又は代謝特徴(例えばCMRなど)を、熱hb、潅流速度V、及び/又は温度Ta及び/又はTの少なくとも1つに基づいて計算する112。ここにおいて、Taは、定常状態サイクルからのウォッシュインおよびウォッシュアウト中の、温度センサーの1以上からの読み取り値、および、平衡時の血液の測定された本来の血管流量からの脳の組織温度を維持するのに必要な熱hbの量から決定される。さらに、抽出画分、CMR薬および局所薬物毒性が、ドラッグデリバリー中に、熱hb、潅流速度V、及び/又は、温度Ta及び/又はT、の1つ以上を制御することよって、操作されてもよい。
式中、qは最終CMRO2、q0は37℃におけるベースラインCMRO2、αおよびβはそれぞれ回帰係数、(T−37)は新しい脳温度、ωは最終CBF、およびω0はベースラインCBFである。
CMRheat=((AdFR*(Tl+.25))/CV)
同様に、動脈内の冷却に対しては、検査された半球内への側副血流は、平衡までの延長された持続時間をもたらし、これには、比例する側副血流が大きいほど、長い時間がかかる(正常な動脈血温度での別の熱除去股間の追加、および、全流量の画分での増加)(図4p−x)。全体として、このことは、追跡ICA血流(nvFR)が、同側脳前部の循環潅流中の洞察を与える。各曲線は、その勾配、タイミング、および積分値によって、他のと識別することができる。
1つは、正常コンパートメント(Pn)であり、2つ目は、虚血のコンパートメント(Pi)である。これらの2つの対数期は、対数グラフを使用して、直線形式に曲線適合させることができる。その後、速いほうの構成要素のy切片は、Pnに対する潅流値を明らかにする。全ベースライン潅流とPnとの間の差異は、虚血の潅流Piをあらわす。潅流された組織容量(脳密度を通じて)および重量(Pi/CBF)が計算される。計算された容量の正確さは、極端な重量比[Rweight=正常脳:虚血脳]へ向かって高くなる修正因子の挿入により改善される。
nvFR;(例えばICA、MCA、ACA、PCAなどの元来の血管流量、熱希釈法)
およびnVR(元来の血管抵抗:nVR=MAP/nvFR)。
同様に、混合の温度および容量も知られている。次の追加情報が、器官血管の領域(例えば脳)の中への低温注入の短い期間(〈l−3分)で利用可能になる:潅流された容量の組織熱容量(HCtissue);組織の推定された容量(Vtissue);推定されたCBFtissue;推定されたCMRO2tissueおよび潅流された組織のCMRglutissue(脳のグルコース代謝);およびCVR(脳血管抵抗力)の概算:CVR=CBF/MAP。
Claims (19)
- システムであって、
コントローラ;
挿入装置であって、その上に少なくとも1つの温度センサーを含み、コントローラに機能的に接続され、該コントローラに被験体の器官の少なくとも1つの温度測定値を提供する挿入装置;
ポンプであって、被験体の器官の少なくとも一部中の温度変化を誘発するため、コントローラが輸液流量を変化させるように、コントローラに機能的に接続されたポンプ;および
コントローラに機能的に結合されたメモリデバイス、
を含み、
前記コントローラは、被験体の器官の少なくとも一部中の潅流によって誘発された温度変化中における、器官の温度の少なくとも1つの測定値を該コントローラに保存するように動作可能であるとともに、潅流によって誘発された温度変化中に得られた少なくとも1つの温度測定に基づいて、被験体の器官の少なくとも一部の少なくとも1つの血行動態的特徴を推定するように動作可能である、
ことを特徴とするシステム。 - 少なくとも1つの血行動態的特徴は、被験体の器官の少なくとも一部の代謝率を含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 少なくとも1つの血行動態的特徴は、被験体の器官の少なくとも一部と関連する組織血流速度を含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 少なくとも1つの血行動態的特徴は、被験体の器官の少なくとも一部に関連する熱産生を含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- コントローラは、被験体の器官の少なくとも一部中の温度を低下させるために、輸液流量を変化させるように動作可能である、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- コントローラは、被験体の器官の少なくとも一部を正常値未満の平衡温度に維持するために、輸液流量を変化させるように動作可能である、請求項5に記載のシステム。。
- コントローラは、被験体の少なくとも一部の温度を、複数の異なる平衡温度まで徐々に低下させ減少させるために、および被験体の器官の少なくとも一部の温度を、複数の平衡温度の各々に維持するために、輸液流量を変化させるように動作可能である、請求項6に記載のシステム。
- 少なくとも1つの血行動態的特徴が、ウォッシュイン、平衡、およびウォッシュアウトの少なくとも1つのサイクルを含む、潅流によって誘発される温度変化中の複数の温度測定値に基づいて推定される、請求項7に記載のシステム。
- 少なくとも1つの血行動態的特徴は、被験体の器官の少なくとも一部の代謝率、組織血流速度、熱産生の少なくとも1つを含む、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 少なくとも1つの血行動態的特徴は、組織の潅流された容量を含む、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 少なくとも1つの血行動態的特徴は、ペナンブラ組織の潅流された容量を含む、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 周辺部組織の潅流された容量は、開始時と平衡時とにおける輸液速度および温度の産出物の関数として推定される、請求項11に記載のシステム。
- 少なくとも1つの血行動態的特徴は、組織の潅流された容量と関連する血流を含む、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 少なくとも1つの血行動態的特徴は、ペナンブラ組織の潅流された容量と関連する血流を含む、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 少なくとも1つの血行動態的特徴は、ペナンブラを温存する閾値温度を含む、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 少なくとも1つの血行動態的特徴は、再潅流充血指数を含む、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 少なくとも1つの血行動態的特徴は、再潅流重症度指数を含む、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- コントローラはさらに、被験体の器官の少なくとも一部と関連する少なくとも1つの血行動態的特徴を含むインターフェース・スクリーンを表示するように動作可能である、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- インターフェース・スクリーンは、正常組織の注入された容量、およびペナンブラ組織の注入された容量の少なくとも1つのリアルタイム表示を含む、請求項18に記載のシステム。
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US10363364B2 (en) | 2019-07-30 |
EP3244850A2 (en) | 2017-11-22 |
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