JP2018203675A - Nrf2 gene expression promoter, catalase gene expression promoter, and glutathione peroxidase gene expression promoter - Google Patents
Nrf2 gene expression promoter, catalase gene expression promoter, and glutathione peroxidase gene expression promoter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、フィチン酸を有効成分とするＮｒｆ２遺伝子発現促進剤に関する。また、フィチン酸を有効成分とするカタラーゼ遺伝子発現促進剤に関する。また、フィチン酸を有効成分とするグルタチオンペルオキシダーゼ遺伝子発現促進剤に関する。 The present invention relates to an Nrf2 gene expression promoter containing phytic acid as an active ingredient. The present invention also relates to a catalase gene expression promoter containing phytic acid as an active ingredient. The present invention also relates to a glutathione peroxidase gene expression promoter containing phytic acid as an active ingredient.
細胞内における活性酸素やフリーラジカル等の活性酸素種は、生体への紫外線の照射により生じる。また、呼吸により体内に取り込まれる酸素の副産物として生じることもある。これらの活性酸素種は細胞の構成成分である脂質、タンパク質、核酸等に反応し、細胞機能障害や細胞死の原因となる。例えば、紫外線（ＵＶＢ）が細胞に照射されると細胞内でスーパーオキシドアニオンラジカルが発生し、過酸化水素へと代謝され、Ｆｅ2+の存在下におけるフェントン反応により毒性の高いヒドロキシラジカルが生成する（非特許文献１〜３）。そして、生体内の活性酸素種が増加すると、癌、動脈硬化、糖尿病等の疾病や、肌の老化（シミやシワ）を引き起こすことが知られている。 Active oxygen species such as active oxygen and free radicals in cells are generated by irradiation of a living body with ultraviolet rays. It may also occur as a by-product of oxygen taken into the body by breathing. These reactive oxygen species react with lipids, proteins, nucleic acids and the like, which are constituents of cells, and cause cell dysfunction and cell death. For example, when ultraviolet rays (UVB) are irradiated to cells, superoxide anion radicals are generated in the cells, metabolized to hydrogen peroxide, and highly toxic hydroxy radicals are generated by the Fenton reaction in the presence of Fe 2+. (Non-patent documents 1 to 3). And it is known that when the active oxygen species in the living body increase, diseases such as cancer, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, and skin aging (stains and wrinkles) are caused.
生体には活性酸素種に対する防御機構が存在している。例えば、フリーラジカルや活性酸素の発生を未然に防ぐ予防型の防御機構として、過酸化水素を水と酸素分子に分解する酵素であるカタラーゼ（ＣＡＴ）、グルタチオンペルオキシダーゼ（ＧＰｘ）等の抗酸化タンパク質の存在が挙げられる（非特許文献４）。また、これらの発現を増強する転写因子であるＮｒｆ２（ＮＦ−Ｅ２ ｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｆａｃｔｏｒ−２）の存在が挙げられる（特許文献１）。 The living body has a defense mechanism against reactive oxygen species. For example, as a preventive defense mechanism that prevents the generation of free radicals and active oxygen, antioxidant proteins such as catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), which are enzymes that decompose hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen molecules Existence is mentioned (Non-patent Document 4). Moreover, the presence of Nrf2 (NF-E2 related factor-2), which is a transcription factor that enhances the expression thereof, can be mentioned (Patent Document 1).
フィチン酸は玄米等の穀類に多く含まれる有機リン酸化合物である。フィチン酸は高いキレート作用及び抗酸化作用を有するため、食品添加剤として食品の変色防止等の目的に用いられている（特許文献２）。また、フィチン酸は上記のフェントン反応で必要な鉄をキレー卜することによりヒドロキシラジカルの発生を防ぎ、生体においても抗酸化作用を示すことが明らかになっている（非特許文献５）。 Phytic acid is an organic phosphate compound that is abundant in grains such as brown rice. Since phytic acid has a high chelating action and an antioxidant action, it is used as a food additive for the purpose of preventing discoloration of food (Patent Document 2). In addition, it has been clarified that phytic acid prevents generation of hydroxy radicals by killing iron necessary for the Fenton reaction and exhibits an antioxidant action in living bodies (Non-patent Document 5).
上述の通り、フィチン酸の生理作用に関する研究は盛んに行われており、その抗酸化作用はフィチン酸そのものによるキレート作用に起因することが報告されていた。このため、フィチン酸が抗酸化に関連する遺伝子の発現を促進する作用を有することについては知られていなかった。 As described above, research on the physiological action of phytic acid has been actively conducted, and it has been reported that the antioxidant action is caused by the chelating action of phytic acid itself. For this reason, it has not been known that phytic acid has an action of promoting the expression of genes related to antioxidants.
よって、本発明の目的は、抗酸化に関連するＮｒｆ２遺伝子、カタラーゼ遺伝子、及びグルタチオンペルオキシダーゼ遺伝子の発現促進剤を提供することにある。また、これらの遺伝子の発現を促進することにより、抗酸化作用や抗がん作用を発揮する促進剤を提供することにある。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an expression promoter for Nrf2 gene, catalase gene, and glutathione peroxidase gene related to antioxidants. Moreover, it is providing the promoter which exhibits an antioxidant effect and an anticancer action by accelerating the expression of these genes.
上記の様な事情に鑑み、本発明者らは抗酸化のメカニズムに着目して鋭意研究を重ねた結果、フィチン酸が抗酸化に関連する特定の遺伝子の発現を促進することを見出して本発明を完成させた。 In view of the circumstances as described above, as a result of intensive studies focusing on the mechanism of antioxidants, the present inventors have found that phytic acid promotes the expression of specific genes related to antioxidants. Was completed.
すなわち、本発明は、フィチン酸を有効成分とするＮｒｆ２遺伝子発現促進剤を提供する。また、フィチン酸を有効成分とするカタラーゼ遺伝子発現促進剤を提供する。また、フィチン酸を有効成分とするグルタチオンペルオキシダーゼ遺伝子発現促進剤を提供する。 That is, the present invention provides an Nrf2 gene expression promoter containing phytic acid as an active ingredient. Moreover, the catalase gene expression promoter which uses phytic acid as an active ingredient is provided. Moreover, the glutathione peroxidase gene expression promoter which uses phytic acid as an active ingredient is provided.
本発明によれば、抗酸化に関連する遺伝子（以下、単に「抗酸化関連遺伝子」と称することがある）であるＮｒｆ２遺伝子、カタラーゼ遺伝子、及びグルタチオンペルオキシダーゼ遺伝子の発現を促進する剤（発現促進剤）を提供することができる。また、前記の促進剤は抗酸化関連遺伝子の発現を強力に促進するため、高い抗酸化作用及び抗がん作用を発揮する。 According to the present invention, an agent that promotes the expression of an Nrf2 gene, a catalase gene, and a glutathione peroxidase gene that are genes related to antioxidants (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “antioxidation-related genes”) (expression promoters) ) Can be provided. Moreover, since the said promoter strongly promotes the expression of an antioxidant related gene, it exhibits a high antioxidant action and anticancer action.
本発明は、フィチン酸を有効成分とするＮｒｆ２遺伝子発現促進剤、フィチン酸を有効成分とするカタラーゼ遺伝子発現促進剤、及びフィチン酸を有効成分とするグルタチオンペルオキシダーゼ遺伝子発現促進剤に関する。なお、これらの遺伝子発現促進剤を「本発明の促進剤」と称する場合がある。また、Ｎｒｆ２遺伝子を単に「Ｎｒｆ２」と、カタラーゼ遺伝子を単に「ＣＡＴ」と、グルタチオンペルオキシダーゼ遺伝子を単に「ＧＰｘ」と称することがある。 The present invention relates to an Nrf2 gene expression promoter containing phytic acid as an active ingredient, a catalase gene expression promoter containing phytic acid as an active ingredient, and a glutathione peroxidase gene expression promoter containing phytic acid as an active ingredient. In addition, these gene expression promoters may be referred to as “the promoter of the present invention”. Further, the Nrf2 gene may be simply referred to as “Nrf2”, the catalase gene as simply “CAT”, and the glutathione peroxidase gene as simply “GPx”.
本発明の促進剤は、フィチン酸を有効成分とすることを特徴とする。フィチン酸は、ＩＮＣＩ名（Ｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ Ｃｏｓｍｅｔｉｃ Ｉｎｇｒｅｄｉｅｎｔ Ｄｉｃｔｉｏｎａｒｙ ａｎｄ Ｈａｎｄｂｏｏｋ，第１６版，第２巻，２０１６年，ｐ．２７２４）で「Ｐｈｙｔｉｃ Ａｃｉｄ」と表記される化合物である。フィチン酸は塩を形成していても良く、フィチン酸塩としては、例えば、フィチン酸ナトリウム、フィチン酸カリウム等のフィチン酸アルカリ金属塩等が挙げられる。フィチン酸は市販品を用いることもでき、例えば、商品名「フィチン酸」（築野ライスファインケミカルズ（株）製）、商品名「５０％フィチン酸溶液」（和光純薬工業（株）製）が挙げられる。 The promoter of the present invention is characterized by containing phytic acid as an active ingredient. Phytic acid is a compound represented by “Physic Acid” under the INCI name (International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 16th edition, Volume 2, 2016, p. 2724). Phytic acid may form a salt, and examples of phytate include phytic acid alkali metal salts such as sodium phytate and potassium phytate. As phytic acid, a commercially available product can be used. For example, the trade name “Phytic acid” (manufactured by Tsukino Rice Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd.), the trade name “50% phytic acid solution” (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) Can be mentioned.
本発明の促進剤は抗酸化関連遺伝子であるＮｒｆ２遺伝子、カタラーゼ遺伝子、及びグルタチオンペルオキシダーゼ遺伝子の少なくとも１つの遺伝子の発現を促進する。本発明の促進剤は、経口、注射、外用のいずれでも効能を発揮するが、外用剤に配合して用いられることが好ましく、特に皮膚外用剤に配合して用いられることがより好ましい。皮膚外用剤には、皮膚用化粧料、皮膚洗浄剤、外用医薬部外品、医療用皮膚外用剤が含まれる。 The promoter of the present invention promotes the expression of at least one of the antioxidant-related genes Nrf2 gene, catalase gene, and glutathione peroxidase gene. The promoter of the present invention exhibits efficacy for oral, injection, and external use, but is preferably used by blending with an external preparation, and more preferably used by blending with a skin external preparation. Skin external preparations include skin cosmetics, skin cleansing agents, external quasi-drugs, and medical skin external preparations.
本発明の促進剤を含有する外用剤の剤形は特に限定されないが、例えば、液状、ミスト状、霧状、乳液状、クリーム状、ジェル状、ワックス状、フォーム状等の各種剤形に調製して使用できる。また、前記外用剤は、所望の効果の発現が阻害されない範囲であれば、例えば、水、低級アルコール、多価アルコール、糖アルコール、紫外線吸収剤、香料、防腐剤、キレート剤、抗菌剤、酸化防止剤、保湿剤、清涼剤、ビタミン類、界面活性剤、油性原料、カチオン性ポリマー、ノニオン性ポリマー、両性ポリマー、アニオン性ポリマー、植物抽出液、噴射剤、ｐＨ調整剤、アミノ酸、抗炎症剤、収斂剤、色素、増粘剤等のその他の成分と混合し、攪拌すること等により調製することができる。具体的には、化粧水、柔軟化粧品、収れん化粧水、ふき取り用化粧水、アフターシェーブローション、スキンローション、スキンクリーム、マッサージクリーム、マッサージクリーム、クレンジングクリーム、ミルキーローション、リップクリーム、洗顔料、シェービングフォーム、シェービングクリーム、ボディソープ、乳液類、制汗剤、デオドラント剤などの種々の形態の外用剤とすることができ、製剤化については、一般に知られている方法により製造すればよい。 The dosage form of the external preparation containing the accelerator of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, it is prepared in various dosage forms such as liquid, mist, mist, emulsion, cream, gel, wax, and foam. Can be used. Further, the external preparation is within a range in which expression of a desired effect is not inhibited, for example, water, lower alcohol, polyhydric alcohol, sugar alcohol, ultraviolet absorber, fragrance, preservative, chelating agent, antibacterial agent, oxidation Inhibitor, moisturizer, refresher, vitamins, surfactant, oily raw material, cationic polymer, nonionic polymer, amphoteric polymer, anionic polymer, plant extract, propellant, pH adjuster, amino acid, anti-inflammatory agent It can be prepared by mixing with other components such as astringents, pigments, thickeners and stirring. Specifically, lotion, softening cosmetics, astringent lotion, wiping lotion, after shave lotion, skin lotion, skin cream, massage cream, massage cream, cleansing cream, milky lotion, lip balm, face wash, shaving foam, Various forms of external preparations such as shaving creams, body soaps, emulsions, antiperspirants, deodorants and the like can be used, and preparations may be produced by generally known methods.
本発明の促進剤を外用剤（特に皮膚外用剤）に使用する場合、外用剤におけるフィチン酸の濃度はその使用態様に応じて適宜調整されるが、遺伝子の発現促進の観点からは０．０１ｍＭ以上であることが好ましく、０．０５〜３．０ｍＭであることが好ましく、０．１〜２．０ｍＭであることが更に好ましい。 When the promoter of the present invention is used for external preparations (especially skin external preparations), the concentration of phytic acid in the external preparation is appropriately adjusted according to the use mode, but from the viewpoint of promoting gene expression, 0.01 mM. It is preferable that it is above, it is preferable that it is 0.05-3.0 mM, and it is still more preferable that it is 0.1-2.0 mM.
本発明の促進剤を外用剤（特に皮膚外用剤）に使用する場合、フィチン酸の配合量はその使用態様に応じて適宜調整されるが、遺伝子の発現促進の観点からは、外用剤全体に対して０．０００６質量％以上配合することが好ましく、０．００３〜０．２質量％の範囲で配合することがより好ましく、０．００６〜０．１５質量％の範囲で配合することが更に好ましい。 When the promoter of the present invention is used for an external preparation (especially a skin external preparation), the amount of phytic acid is appropriately adjusted according to the use mode. From the viewpoint of promoting gene expression, the entire external preparation is used. It is preferable to mix | blend 0.0006 mass% or more with respect to it, it is more preferable to mix | blend in the range of 0.003-0.2 mass%, and it is further mixing | blending in the range of 0.006-0.15 mass%. preferable.
本発明の促進剤は、抗酸化関連遺伝子であるＮｒｆ２遺伝子、カタラーゼ遺伝子、及びグルタチオンペルオキシダーゼ遺伝子の少なくとも１つ、好ましくは２つ、より好ましくは全ての遺伝子の発現を促進する剤である。 The promoter of the present invention is an agent that promotes the expression of at least one, preferably two, and more preferably all genes of Nrf2 gene, catalase gene, and glutathione peroxidase gene, which are antioxidant-related genes.
以下に、実施例に基づいて本発明をより詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例により限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
［使用試薬］
本実施例にて用いた、Ｄｕｌｂｅｃｃｏｓ ｍｏｄｉｆｉｌｅｄ ｅａｇｌｅ’ｓ ｍｅｄｉｕｍ（ＤＭＥＭ）、エタノール、クロロホルム、２−プロパノール、Ｄｉｅｔｈｙｌｐｙｒｏｃａｒｂｏｎａｔｅ ｔｒｅａｔｅｄ ｗａｔｅｒ（ＤＥＰＣ ｗａｔｅｒ）、及び５０％フィチン酸溶液は和光純薬工業（株）より購入した。また、Ｐｈｏｓｐｈａｔｅ ｂｕｆｆｅｒｄ ｓａｌｔｓ ｗｉｔｈｏｕｔ Ｃａ ａｎｄ Ｍｇ（ＰＢＳ（−））、ＲＮＡｉｓｏ Ｐｌｕｓ、ＳＹＢＲ Ｐｒｅｍｉｘ ＥＸ Ｔａｑ（Ｔｌｉ ＲＮａｓｅ Ｈ Ｐｌｕｓ）、ＰｒｉｍｅＳｃｒｉｐｔ ＲＴ Ｒｅａｇｅｎｔ Ｋｉｔはタカラバイオ（株）より購入した。また、Ｆｅｔａｌ ｂｏｖｉｎｅ ｓｅｒｕｍ（ＦＢＳ）はｂｉｏｗｅｓｔ社より購入した。また、ＨａＣａＴ細胞（ヒト表皮角化細胞）はコスモ・バイオ（株）より購入した。また、Ｎｏｒｍａｌ ｈｕｍａｎ ｅｐｉｄｅｒｍａｌ ｋｅｒａｔｉｎｏｃｙｔｅ（ＮＨＥＫ；正常ヒト表皮角化細胞）、ＮＨＥＫ培養培地（ＨｕＭｅｄｉａ−ＫＧ２特注ＧＣ別添）は倉敷紡績（株）より購入した。
[Reagent used]
Dulbeccos modified Eagle's medium (DMEM), ethanol, chloroform, 2-propanol, diethylpropyl carbonated water (DEPC water), and 50% phytic acid solution used in this example were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. did. Phosphate buffer salts without Ca and Mg (PBS (-)), RNAiso Plus, SYBR Premix EX Taq (Tli RNase H Plus), PrimeScript RT Reagent Kit purchased from Takara Bio Inc. Moreover, Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was purchased from bioest. HaCaT cells (human epidermal keratinocytes) were purchased from Cosmo Bio. In addition, Normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK; normal human epidermal keratinocytes) and NHEK culture medium (HuMedia-KG2 special order GC attachment) were purchased from Kurashiki Spinning Co., Ltd.
［遺伝子発現量測定］
（ＨａＣａＴ細胞を用いた測定）
ＨａＣａＴ細胞を、３７℃、５％ＣＯ2の条件下で１０％のＦＢＳを含むＤＭＥＭを用いて培養した。得られたＨａＣａＴ細胞を、１０％のＦＢＳを含むＤＭＥＭが２ｍＬ注入された６ウェルプレート（Ｇｒｅｉｎｅｒ Ｂｉｏ−ｏｎｅ ＧｍｂＨ）に４．０×１０5細胞／ウェルとなるように播種した。これを２４時間培養した後に、培地中のフィチン酸濃度が０．１、１．０、及び５．０ｍＭとなるようにフィチン酸（５０％フィチン酸溶液をＮＨＥＫ培養培地で１０ｍＭに希釈したもの）をそれぞれ添加し、２４時間追培養後、及び４８時間追培養後に総ＲＮＡを抽出した。総ＲＮＡの逆転写後、リアルタイムＰＣＲによりＮｒｆ２、ＣＡＴ、及びＧＰｘの遺伝子発現量の測定を行い、その結果を図１〜６に記載した。なお、フィチン酸を添加することなく同様の操作を行ったものをコントロールとした。ＲＮＡ抽出、ＲＮＡ逆転写、リアルタイムＰＣＲ等の操作については後述の通りに行った。
[Measurement of gene expression level]
(Measurement using HaCaT cells)
HaCaT cells were cultured using DMEM containing 10% FBS under conditions of 37 ° C. and 5% CO 2 . The obtained HaCaT cells were seeded at a density of 4.0 × 10 5 cells / well in a 6-well plate (Greiner Bio-one GmbH) into which 2 mL of DMEM containing 10% FBS was injected. Phytic acid (50% phytic acid solution diluted to 10 mM with NHEK culture medium) so that the phytic acid concentration in the medium becomes 0.1, 1.0, and 5.0 mM after culturing for 24 hours Were added, and total RNA was extracted after 24 hours and 48 hours. After reverse transcription of total RNA, the gene expression levels of Nrf2, CAT, and GPx were measured by real-time PCR, and the results are shown in FIGS. In addition, what performed the same operation, without adding a phytic acid was made into control. Operations such as RNA extraction, RNA reverse transcription, and real-time PCR were performed as described below.
（ＮＨＥＫを用いた測定）
ＮＨＥＫを、３７℃、５％ＣＯ2の条件下でＮＨＥＫ培養培地を用いて培養した。得られたＮＨＥＫを、ＮＨＥＫ培養培地が２ｍＬ注入された６ウェルプレート（Ｇｒｅｉｎｅｒ Ｂｉｏ−ｏｎｅ ＧｍｂＨ）に４．０×１０5細胞／ウェルとなるように播種し、８０％コンフルエントになるまで培養した。これに培地中のフィチン酸濃度が０．０５、０．１、１．０、及び５．０ｍＭとなるようにフィチン酸（５０％フィチン酸溶液をＮＨＥＫ培養培地で１０ｍＭに希釈したもの）をそれぞれ添加し、４８時間追培養後に総ＲＮＡを抽出した。総ＲＮＡの逆転写後、リアルタイムＰＣＲによりＮｒｆ２、及びＣＡＴの遺伝子発現量を測定・算出し、その結果を図７及び８に記載した。なお、フィチン酸を添加することなく同様の操作を行ったものをコントロールとした。ＲＮＡ抽出、ＲＮＡ逆転写、リアルタイムＰＣＲ等の操作については、以下の通りに行った。
(Measurement using NHEK)
NHEK was cultured using NHEK culture medium under conditions of 37 ° C. and 5% CO 2 . The obtained NHEK was seeded at a concentration of 4.0 × 10 5 cells / well in a 6-well plate (Greiner Bio-one GmbH) into which 2 mL of NHEK culture medium had been injected, and cultured until 80% confluent. To this, phytic acid (50% phytic acid solution diluted to 10 mM with NHEK culture medium) was added so that the phytic acid concentration in the medium was 0.05, 0.1, 1.0, and 5.0 mM, respectively. Total RNA was extracted after additional culture for 48 hours. After reverse transcription of total RNA, the gene expression levels of Nrf2 and CAT were measured and calculated by real-time PCR, and the results are shown in FIGS. In addition, what performed the same operation, without adding a phytic acid was made into control. Operations such as RNA extraction, RNA reverse transcription, and real-time PCR were performed as follows.
（ＲＮＡ抽出）
ＮＨＥＫをＰＢＳ（−）により洗浄した後、２５０μＬのＲＮＡｉｓｏ Ｐｌｕｓを添加し、その細胞表面全体に均等になじませ細胞を剥離させた。これをサンプリングチューブ（５０９−ＧＲＤ−Ｑ、ビーエム（株）製）に回収し、室温で５分間静置することにより、核酸から核タンパク質を遊離させた。その後、５０μＬのクロロホルムを加え、乳白状になるまでよく振り交ぜ、再び室温で５分間静置し、１２０００×ｇ、４℃、１５分間の条件でテーブルトップマイクロ冷却遠心機３５００（久保田商事（株）製）にて遠心した。得られた上清６０〜８０μＬを新しいサンプリングチューブに回収し、２５０μＬの２−プロパノールを加えて混合した後、室温で１０分間静置し、１２０００×ｇ、４℃、１０分間の条件で遠心した。遠心により生じたペレットに、オートクレーブ処理水で調整した７５％冷エタノールを加えて洗浄し、７５００×ｇ、４℃、５分間の条件で遠心した。その後、上清を捨てて乾燥し、２０μＬのＤＥＰＣ ｗａｔｅｒで溶解することにより、総ＲＮＡを抽出した。
(RNA extraction)
After NHEK was washed with PBS (−), 250 μL of RNAiso Plus was added, and the cells were exfoliated evenly over the entire cell surface. This was recovered in a sampling tube (509-GRD-Q, manufactured by BM Co., Ltd.) and allowed to stand at room temperature for 5 minutes to release nucleoprotein from the nucleic acid. Then, add 50 μL of chloroform, shake well until milky white, leave again at room temperature for 5 minutes, and table top micro-cooled centrifuge 3500 (Kubota Corp.) under the conditions of 12000 × g, 4 ° C., 15 minutes. )). 60-80 μL of the obtained supernatant was collected in a new sampling tube, mixed with 250 μL of 2-propanol, allowed to stand at room temperature for 10 minutes, and centrifuged under conditions of 12000 × g, 4 ° C., 10 minutes. . The pellet produced by centrifugation was washed with 75% cold ethanol adjusted with autoclaved water, and centrifuged at 7500 × g, 4 ° C. for 5 minutes. Thereafter, the supernatant was discarded and dried, and the total RNA was extracted by dissolving in 20 μL of DEPC water.
（ＲＮＡ逆転写）
逆転写反応はＰｒｉｍｅＳｃｒｉｐｔ ＲＴ Ｒｅａｇｅｎｔ Ｋｉｔを用いて行った。まず抽出したＲＮＡの濃度をＮａｎｏＤｒｏｐ １０００ ｓｐｅｃｔｒｏｐｈｏｔｏｍｅｔｅｒ（サーモフィッシャーサイエンス（株）製）により測定し、ＤＥＰＣ ｗａｔｅｒにて５００ｎｇ／６．５μＬに調整した。得られた調整液６．５μＬに、２μＬの５×ＰｒｉｍｅＳｃｒｉｐｔ Ｂｕｆｆｅｒ（ｆｏｒ Ｒｅａｌ Ｔｉｍｅ）、０．５μＬのＰｒｉｍｅＳｃｒｉｐｔ ＲＴ ＥｎｚｙｍｅＭｉｘ Ｉ、０．５μＬのＯｌｉｇｏ ｄＴ Ｐｒｉｍｅｒ（５０μＭ）、０．５μＬのＲａｎｄｏｍ ６ｍｅｒ（１００μＭ）を加え、１０μＬの逆転写反応溶液を調製した。なお、これらの調製は氷上で行った。調製した反応液はＶｅｒｉｔｉ ９６−ｗｅｌｌ サーマルサイクラー（サーモフィッシャーサイエンス（株）製）により３７℃・１５分、８５℃・５秒の条件で逆転写反応を行い、ｃＤＮＡ溶液を調製した。
(RNA reverse transcription)
Reverse transcription reaction was performed using PrimeScript RT Reagent Kit. First, the concentration of the extracted RNA was measured with NanoDrop 1000 spectrophotometer (manufactured by Thermo Fisher Science Co., Ltd.) and adjusted to 500 ng / 6.5 μL with DEPC water. To 6.5 μL of the obtained adjustment solution, 2 μL of 5 × PrimeScript Buffer (for Real Time), 0.5 μL of PrimeScript RT EnzymeMix I, 0.5 μL of Oligo dT Primer (50 μM) and 0.5 μL of 6 μM ) Was added to prepare 10 μL of a reverse transcription reaction solution. These preparations were performed on ice. The prepared reaction solution was subjected to a reverse transcription reaction at 37 ° C. for 15 minutes and 85 ° C. for 5 seconds using a Veriti 96-well thermal cycler (manufactured by Thermo Fisher Science Co., Ltd.) to prepare a cDNA solution.
（リアルタイムＰＣＲ）
リアルタイムＰＣＲはＳＹＢＲ Ｐｒｅｍｉｘ ＥＸ Ｔａｑを用いて行い、インターカレーター法により増幅するｃＤＮＡをリアルタイムに検出した。各抗酸化関連遺伝子に対して使用したＦｏｒｗａｒｄプライマー、及びＲｅｖｅｒｓｅプライマーを表１に示す。
(Real-time PCR)
Real-time PCR was performed using SYBR Premix EX Taq, and cDNA amplified by the intercalator method was detected in real time. Table 1 shows Forward primers and Reverse primers used for each antioxidant-related gene.
１０μＬのＳＹＢＲ Ｐｒｅｍｉｘ Ｅｘ Ｔａｑ（×２）、０．４μＬのＦｏｒｗａｒｄプライマー（１０μＭ）、０．４μＬのＲｅｖｅｒｓｅプライマー（１０μＭ）、０．４μＬのＲＯＸ Ｒｅｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ（５０×）、１μＬのｃＤＮＡ溶液、及び６．８μＬのｄＨ2０を混合することにより、反応液を調製した。この反応液をＳｔｅｐ Ｏｎｅ Ｐｌｕｓ Ｒｅａｌ−ＴｉｍｅＣｙｃｌｅｒ（サーモフィッシャーサイエンス（株）製）によりリアルタイムＰＣＲを行った。この時の反応条件はＨｏｌｄｉｎｇ ｓｔａｇｅ：９５℃・３０秒、Ｃｙｃｌｉｎｇ ｓｔａｇｅ：９５℃・５秒、６０℃・３０秒を４０サイクル、Ｍｅｌｔ Ｃｕｒｖｅ ｓｔａｇｅ：９５℃・１５秒、６０℃・６０秒、９５℃・１５秒で行い、その解析はΔΔＣｔ法を用いた相対定量で行った。 5. 10 μL SYBR Premix Ex Taq (× 2), 0.4 μL Forward primer (10 μM), 0.4 μL Reverse primer (10 μM), 0.4 μL ROX Reference (50 ×), 1 μL cDNA solution, and A reaction solution was prepared by mixing 8 μL of dH 2 O. This reaction solution was subjected to real-time PCR using Step One Plus Real-TimeCycler (manufactured by Thermo Fisher Science Co., Ltd.). The reaction conditions at this time were: Holding stage: 95 ° C. for 30 seconds, Cycling stage: 95 ° C. for 5 seconds, 60 ° C. for 30 seconds for 40 cycles, Melt Curve stage: 95 ° C. for 15 seconds, 60 ° C. for 60 seconds, 95 The analysis was performed at 15 ° C. for 15 seconds, and the analysis was performed by relative quantification using the ΔΔCt method.
すべての結果は平均と標準偏差値で示し、統計ソフトウェア（ＳＡＳ Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ Ｅｄｉｔｉｏｎ（ＳＡＳ Ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ））を用いたＤｕｎｎｅｔｔの検定で統計処理を行った。 All results are shown as mean and standard deviation values, and statistical processing was performed by Dunnett's test using statistical software (SAS University Edition (SAS Institute)).
［結果］
図１〜８に示される通り、フィチン酸が抗酸化関連遺伝子であるＮｒｆ２遺伝子、カタラーゼ遺伝子、及びグルタチオンペルオキシダーゼ遺伝子の発現を促進することが明らかになった。このため、フィチン酸は、１種だけではなく２種以上の抗酸化関連遺伝子の発現を促進することが可能であることから、抗酸化力の向上に繋がることが示唆される。
[result]
As shown in FIGS. 1-8, it was revealed that phytic acid promotes the expression of the antioxidant-related genes Nrf2 gene, catalase gene, and glutathione peroxidase gene. For this reason, phytic acid can promote the expression of not only one type but also two or more types of antioxidant-related genes, suggesting that it leads to an improvement in antioxidant power.
特に、正常ヒト表皮角化細胞であるＮＨＥＫを用いた抗酸化関連遺伝子の発現量測定において、フィチン酸の濃度が０．１〜１．０ｍＭの間である場合にＮｒｆ２遺伝子及びカタラーゼ遺伝子の発現量の増加が認められた（ｐ＜０．００１）。なお、フィチン酸の濃度が５．０ｍＭである場合は、フィチン酸のキレート剤としての効力により、細胞中のカルシウムイオン濃度が低下し、その結果、遺伝子発現量が減少したと考えられる。したがって、上記のフィチン酸の濃度範囲が抗酸化関連遺伝子の発現促進に特に好ましいことが理解できる。 In particular, in the measurement of the expression level of antioxidant-related genes using NHEK, which is a normal human epidermal keratinocyte, the expression levels of Nrf2 gene and catalase gene when the concentration of phytic acid is between 0.1 and 1.0 mM Increase was observed (p <0.001). In addition, when the density | concentration of phytic acid is 5.0 mM, it is thought that the calcium ion density | concentration in a cell fell by the efficacy as a chelating agent of phytic acid, and, as a result, the gene expression level decreased. Therefore, it can be understood that the above phytic acid concentration range is particularly preferable for promoting the expression of antioxidant-related genes.
以上より、本発明の促進剤は、抗酸化に関連する遺伝子であるＮｒｆ２遺伝子、カタラーゼ遺伝子、及びグルタチオンペルオキシダーゼ遺伝子からなる群より選択される少なくとも１つの遺伝子の発現を促進することが明らかとなった。 From the above, it was revealed that the promoter of the present invention promotes the expression of at least one gene selected from the group consisting of Nrf2 gene, catalase gene, and glutathione peroxidase gene, which are genes related to antioxidants. .
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| JP2002020307A (en) * | 2000-07-06 | 2002-01-23 | Tsuno Rice Fine Chemicals Co Ltd | Antioxidative composition |
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