JP2018199447A - Electric car - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an electric car which allows for easy exchange of a battery.SOLUTION: An electric car 1 includes a vehicle body 2, a motor 7 which drives a pair of left and right front wheels 4L, 4R and is provided in the vehicle body 2, an exchangeable battery 20 for driving at least the motor 7, a pallet 110 on which the battery 20 is mounted, and a transportation device 120 which transports the pallet 110 mounted with the battery 20 to a left side of the vehicle body 2 and is provided in the vehicle body 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric vehicle.

  Conventionally, an electric vehicle equipped with a battery as a power source is known, and there are a quick charging method and a battery replacement method for the battery.

  In a conventional battery exchange type electric vehicle, a battery whose charge amount is equal to or less than a predetermined amount is removed from the vehicle body at a battery exchange place, and another battery that has been charged in advance is attached.

  However, in the conventional battery replacement operation, since the battery is heavy (for example, about 300 kg) and mounted in a place where it is normally invisible at the bottom of the vehicle body, it is not easy to remove and install the battery. There is no problem.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems in the conventional electric vehicle, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle in which the battery can be easily replaced.

The first aspect of the present invention is
The car body,
A motor provided on the vehicle body for driving the traveling wheel;
A replaceable battery for driving at least the motor;
A battery mounting member for mounting the battery;
A transport unit provided in the vehicle body for transporting the battery mounting member on which the battery is mounted toward the outside of the vehicle body;
It is an electric car equipped with.

The second aspect of the present invention
The outside of the vehicle body is the left side or the right side of the vehicle body,
The battery mounting member is a plate-like member having a rectangular shape in a plan view and having a predetermined thickness, and one side portion of the plate-like member is disposed so as to face the left side or the right side of the vehicle body. And
A hole is formed in the end surface portion of the one side portion of the battery mounting member, or a groove portion along the transport direction is formed on the bottom surface of the battery mounting member on the side facing the transport portion. Formed,
The electric vehicle according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the fork portion of a cargo handling device having a fork portion can be inserted into the hole portion or the groove portion.

The third aspect of the present invention
The vehicle body has left and right side frames or side portions,
Of the left and right side frames or side portions, at least the side frame or side portion on the side where the battery mounting member is transported is formed so as not to interfere with the transported battery and the battery mounting member. This is the electric vehicle according to the second aspect of the present invention.

The fourth aspect of the present invention is
The car body,
A motor provided on the vehicle body for driving the traveling wheel;
A replaceable battery for driving at least the motor;
A transport unit provided on the vehicle body, on which the battery is mounted and transported toward the outside of the vehicle body,
In the electric vehicle, a hole or a groove portion into which the fork portion of a cargo handling device having a fork portion can be inserted is formed in the battery.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an electric vehicle capable of easily replacing a battery.

(A): schematic left side view of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, (b): schematic plan view of the electric vehicle of FIG. Schematic perspective view of the main part of the battery replacement mechanism in the electric vehicle of the present embodiment Schematic plan view schematically showing battery replacement work in the electric vehicle of the present embodiment Schematic side view of hand forklift The schematic left view of the 2nd electric vehicle as another example of the electric vehicle of this invention (A): A schematic longitudinal sectional view of the longitudinal section of the storage case as seen from the left side in order to schematically show the configuration and operation of the pair of front and rear first automatic locking movable arms, (b): a pair of front and rear first Schematic cross-sectional view of the cross-section of the storage case viewed from the top to schematically show the configuration and operation of the automatic locking movable arm (A): A schematic longitudinal sectional view of the longitudinal section of the storage case as viewed from the left side in order to schematically show the configuration and operation of the pair of front and rear second automatic locking movable arms, (b): a pair of front and rear second In order to schematically show the configuration and operation of the automatic locking movable arm, a schematic cross-sectional view of the cross-section of the storage case as viewed from above, (c): a pair of front and rear shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) 2 is a diagram of a pair of front and rear third automatic locking movable arms as a modification of the two automatic locking movable arms, and the configuration on the rear and third automatic locking movable arms 700B is the same because the front and rear configurations are the same. Schematic cross-sectional view with a focus on operation (A): The vertical cross section of the storage case is shown on the left side in order to schematically show the configuration of the integrated battery configured by integrating the battery and the pallet and the configuration and operation of the pair of front and rear second automatic locking movable arms. (B): The cross section of the storage case is viewed from the top in order to schematically show the configuration of the integrated battery and the configuration and operation of the pair of front and rear second automatic locking movable arms. Schematic cross section

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of an electric vehicle according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 (a) is a schematic left side view of an electric vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 (b) is a schematic plan view of the electric vehicle 1 of FIG. 1 (a).

  FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a main part of the battery replacement mechanism 100 in the electric vehicle 1 of the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), the electric vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment includes (1) a vehicle body 2 and (2) a skeleton part of the vehicle body 2, which is substantially rectangular in plan view. Main frame 3, (3) a pair of left and right front wheels 4L, 4R as driving wheels, (4) a pair of left and right rear wheels 5L, 5R as driven wheels, (5) steering handle 6, and (6) A drive unit 8 incorporating a motor 7 as a drive source; (7) a replaceable battery 20 that supplies power to the drive unit 8 via a power cable 9; (8) a battery replacement mechanism 100; ) A power transmission unit 11 with a built-in differential mechanism that transmits the driving force from the motor 7 to the front wheels 4L, 4R via the left and right axles 10L, 10R, and (10) the seat 12 is placed in front and rear. Floor panel 13 and (11) front left and right sides It includes a respective arranged door (not shown), the later.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the main frame 3 includes a front frame 3A, a rear frame 3B, a left side frame 3L, a right side frame 3R, a center front frame 3Ca, and a center rear frame 3Cb. .

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1A to 2, the battery replacement mechanism 100 is (1) a plan view in which a substantially rectangular recess 111 is formed in the center of the upper surface in plan view for mounting the battery 20. And (2) when the battery 20 is taken out, the pallet 110 on which the battery 20 is placed is transported toward the left side of the vehicle body 2 (see arrow A in FIG. 2). When the pallet 110 is stored in the vehicle body 2, the pallet 110 on which the battery 20 is placed is conveyed toward the center of the left and right width of the vehicle body 2 (see arrow B in FIG. 2). And a conveying device 120 having a driving roller 122 and a driven roller 123; and (3) a bevel gear (not shown) disposed in the middle of the right axle 10R to transmit a driving force to the driving roller 122 of the conveying device 120. A driving force branching unit 130 configured in combination; (4) a branching driving shaft 140 for transmitting the driving force branched by the driving force branching unit 130 to the driving roller 122 of the conveying device 120; and (5) branching driving. And a coupling portion 150 having a built-in clutch (not shown) for switching whether or not to transmit the driving force from the shaft 140 to the driving roller 122.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the transport belt 121 is made of rubber is described. However, the material of the transport belt 121 is not limited to rubber.

  Further, the connecting portion 150 of the present embodiment keeps the clutch in the “disengaged” state at all times during normal driving, and operates the changeover switch 160 (described later) to replace the clutch when the battery 20 is replaced. This is a configuration that can be switched to the “ON” state. Thus, the conveyor belt 121 is not driven during normal travel.

  Further, two side surfaces of the pallet 110 are provided with two substantially rectangular holes 112 into which a fork 310 of a hand forklift 300 (see FIG. 3) described later can be inserted, and Two substantially circular hooking holes 113 capable of hooking hooks 101a (see FIG. 2), which will be described later, are provided between two holes 112 provided two by two.

  The battery replacement mechanism 100 also includes a rubber band-like fixed band 101 for preventing the battery 20 placed in the depression 111 of the pallet 110 from being lifted by vibrations during traveling. Furthermore, the band-like fixed band 101 is provided with hooks 101a for hooking the hook holes 113 provided at the two ends described above at both ends of the band.

  As a result, the battery 20 is always pressed against the depression 111 side by the elastic force of rubber by hooking the two hooks 101a at both ends of the belt-like fixed band 101 into the two hooking holes 113, so that the battery can be kept running while traveling. It is possible to prevent 20 from vibrating on the pallet 110 or from being displaced laterally.

  As described above, the recesses 111 are provided on the upper surface of the bullet 110 and the band-shaped fixing band 101 is provided, so that the battery 20 can move or vibrate on the bullet 110 during traveling with a simple configuration. Can be prevented.

  Further, the conveyor belt 121 is made of rubber, and the surface on which the pallet 110 is placed is provided with unevenness (not shown) for preventing slipping, so that the pallet 110 can move on the conveyor belt 121 during traveling. It can be prevented.

  The length of the power cable 9 is taken into consideration when the battery 20 is transported toward the left side of the vehicle body 2 as shown in FIG. 3 in order to take out the battery 20 by the transport device 120 of the battery exchange mechanism 100. Are set longer (see FIG. 1B).

  In addition, a plug 9 a (see FIG. 1B) that is configured to be detachable by hand and is electrically connected to the battery 20 is attached to the rear end portion of the power cable 9. Further, an outlet 20a (see FIG. 2) for inserting the plug 9a is provided on the left side surface of the battery 20.

  A storage case 200 for storing the transfer device 120 and the pallet 110 on which the battery 20 is placed is a box-shaped member having an opening 201 (see FIG. 1A) on the left side of the vehicle body 2, and is flat. It is arranged between the center front frame 3Ca and the center rear frame 3Cb when viewed (see FIG. 1B), and its upper end is fixed to the center front frame 3Ca, the center rear frame 3Cb and the right side frame 3R when viewed from the side. (See FIG. 1 (a) and FIG. 1 (b)). The ceiling part of the storage case 200 is covered with the floor panel 13. Moreover, the electric vehicle 1 of this Embodiment is arrange | positioned so that the storage case 200 may not protrude to the indoor space side of the vehicle body 2 by making vehicle height high.

  Further, the left side frame 3L is located at the upper end of the opening 201 of the storage case 200, and the pallet 110 on which the battery 20 is placed is taken out from the transport belt 121 in the storage case 200, or the battery In order not to interfere with the battery 20 or the pallet 110 when the pallet 110 on which the pallet 20 is placed is placed on the transport belt 121 of the storage case 200, the pallet 110 is formed so as not to have a portion protruding downward. ing.

  Further, the transfer device 120 is attached to the bottom surface portion 200 a of the storage case 200. Specifically, a support stay (not shown) that rotatably supports the driving roller 122 and the driven roller 123 is fixed to the bottom surface portion 200 a of the storage case 200.

  In addition, a lid member (not shown) is detachably attached to the opening 201 of the storage case 200 using a fastening member (not shown). Moreover, the rigidity of the storage case 200 can be strengthened by attaching the lid member.

  At the lower end of the door, the pallet 110 on which the battery 20 is placed is taken out from the transport belt 121 in the storage case 200, or the pallet 110 on which the battery 20 is placed is removed from the transport belt 121 of the storage case 200. It is formed so as not to interfere with the battery 20 and the pallet 110 when placed on the top.

  Further, in the vicinity of the opening 201 of the inner wall surface portion 200b on the front side of the storage case 200, the transport device 120 is rotated in the direction of arrow A (see FIG. 2), that is, in the “battery extraction direction” or in the direction of arrow B (see FIG. 2), that is, a changeover switch 160 (see FIGS. 1A and 1B) for switching between rotating in the “battery storage direction” or stopping the rotation. ing.

  When the changeover switch 160 is changed from the “stop” position to a position corresponding to the rotation in the “battery removal direction”, the control unit (not shown) provided in the vehicle body 2 receives the change signal and The clutch of the section 150 is operated to the “engaged” state, and a signal for causing the motor 7 to rotate forward at a low speed is output to the drive unit 8, and the changeover switch 160 is moved from the “stop” position to the “battery storage direction”. When the control unit switches to a position corresponding to the rotation of "", the control unit receives the switching signal and operates the clutch of the connecting unit 150 to the "on" state and controls the motor 7 to reversely rotate at a low speed. When the signal is output to the drive unit 8 and the changeover switch 160 is switched to the position corresponding to “stop”, the control unit receives the changeover signal and receives the switching signal. The pitch actuates to "Off" state, a configuration for stopping the rotation of the motor 7.

  The vehicle body 2 of the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the vehicle body of the present invention, and the motor 7 of the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the motor of the present invention. The battery 20 of the present embodiment is an example of the battery of the present invention, and the pallet 110 of the present embodiment is an example of the battery mounting member of the present invention. Further, the transport device 120 of the present embodiment corresponds to an example of a transport unit of the present invention. Further, the hole 112 of the pallet 110 of the present embodiment is an example of the hole of the present invention, and the left and right side frames 3L and 3R of the present embodiment are examples of the left and right side frames of the present invention.

  Next, the operation of the battery exchange mechanism 100 of the present embodiment will be described with reference mainly to FIGS.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view schematically showing the replacement work of the battery 20 in the electric vehicle 1 of the present embodiment.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the hand forklift 300.

  In this embodiment, a case where a battery replacement space is provided in a self-type gas station will be described.

  Further, in this self-service gas station, a replacement battery 20 that has been charged in advance is stored in a state of being fixed to the pallet 110 with a belt-like fixed band 101, and the pallet 110 can be exchanged and transported. Hand forklift 300 is prepared.

  Furthermore, a pair of front and rear rotating rollers 401 (see FIG. 3) for rotatably supporting the pair of left and right front wheels 4L, 4R of the electric vehicle 1 from below are arranged in the battery replacement space of the self-service gas station. A roller facility 400 is provided. The front wheels 4L and 4R are driven in a state where the pair of left and right front wheels 4L and 4R of the electric vehicle 1 are placed between the predetermined intervals 402 of the pair of rotating rollers 401 arranged in the front and rear with a predetermined interval 402 therebetween. In this case, as the front wheels 4L and 4R are driven, the pair of front and rear rotating rollers 401 are driven to rotate, so that the vehicle body 2 itself is stopped on the spot.

  In addition, the hand forklift 300 of this Embodiment corresponds to an example of the cargo handling apparatus of this invention.

  First, the driver of the electric vehicle 1 moves the electric vehicle 1 to the battery replacement space provided with such a roller facility 400, and moves the pair of left and right front wheels 4L, 4R at a predetermined interval 402 between the pair of front and rear rotating rollers 401. The vehicle body 2 is stopped in between.

  Next, the driver removes a lid member (not shown) attached to the opening 201 of the storage case 200.

  Thereafter, the driver switches the changeover switch 160 provided on the inner wall surface portion 200b on the front side of the storage case 200 from the “stop” position to a position corresponding to the rotation in the “battery removal direction”.

  As a result, the control unit (not shown) provided in the vehicle body 2 receives the switching signal from the changeover switch 160 and operates the clutch of the connecting unit 150 to the “ON” state, and also makes the motor 7 run at a low speed. A control signal for rotation is output to the drive unit 8. As a result, the drive unit 8 rotates the motor 7 forward at low speed, so that the left and right axles 10L, 10R rotate forward at low speed, and the driving force branched from the driving force branching section 130 is connected to the branch driving shaft 140 and the connection. It is transmitted to the drive roller 122 via the section 150.

  As a result, the conveyor belt 121 moves in the direction of arrow A (see FIG. 2), and the pallet 110 on which the battery 20 is placed is conveyed toward the opening 201 on the left side of the vehicle body 2 as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the driver visually confirms that the left side surface portion of the pallet 110 has reached the opening 201, the selector switch 160 is switched to a position corresponding to “stop”. Thereby, the control unit (not shown) receives the stop signal from the changeover switch 160 and operates the clutch of the connecting unit 150 to the “disengaged” state and drives the control signal for stopping the rotation of the motor 7. Since it outputs to the unit 8, transmission of the driving force from the motor 7 stops, and the conveyance belt 121 stops moving.

  Next, the driver pulls out the plug 9a connected to the outlet 20a of the battery 20 placed on the pallet 110 that has reached the opening 201 and stopped.

  Next, the driver can adjust the height so that the tip of the fork 310 of the hand forklift 300 can be inserted into the hole 112 provided in the left side of the pallet 110 that has reached the opening 201 and is stopped. The lever 320 (see FIG. 4) is operated to adjust the height of the fork portion 310. Then, the driver grasps the pair of left and right handle portions 330 of the hand forklift 300 and moves the hand forklift 300 in the direction of arrow B (see FIG. 3), while moving the tip of the fork unit 310 to the hole 112 on the left side surface of the pallet 110. Then, the fork 310 is slightly raised by operating the height adjustment lever 320.

  As a result, the lower surface of the pallet 110 is separated from the surface of the conveyor belt 121, so that the driver holds the pair of left and right handle portions 330 and moves the hand forklift 300 in the direction opposite to the arrow B direction (see FIG. 3). The pallet 110 on which the battery 20 is placed is taken out of the storage case 200 of the vehicle body 2 and carried to a predetermined place.

  Since the replacement battery 20 that has been charged in advance is stored in a state of being fixed to the pallet 110 by the belt-like fixed band 101, the pallet 110 is moved to the left side of the electric vehicle 1 using the hand forklift 300. The height adjustment lever 320 is operated to adjust the height of the fork portion 310 so that the pallet 110 can be carried and placed on the upper surface of the conveyor belt 121. Then, the driver inserts the pallet 110 into the storage case 200 while holding the pair of left and right handle portions 330 of the hand forklift 300 and moving the hand forklift 300 in the direction of arrow B (see FIG. 3). After visually confirming that the left side surface portion is located at the opening 201, the movement of the hand forklift 300 is stopped, the height adjustment lever 320 is operated to lower the fork portion 310 slightly, and the upper surface portion of the fork portion 310 However, after visually confirming that the pallet 110 has moved away from the ceiling portion of the hole 112, the height adjustment lever 320 is operated to stop the lowering of the fork 310, and the hand forklift 300 is moved in the direction of arrow B (FIG. 3). The fork 310 is completely removed from the hole 112 of the pallet 110. Ku.

  Thereafter, the driver inserts the plug 9a into the outlet 20a of the battery 20 to complete the electrical connection, and then switches the changeover switch 160 to a position corresponding to the rotation in the “battery storage direction”.

  As a result, the control unit (not shown) provided in the vehicle body 2 receives the switching signal from the changeover switch 160 and operates the clutch of the connecting unit 150 to the “ON” state and reverses the motor 7 at a low speed. A control signal for rotation is output to the drive unit 8. As a result, the drive unit 8 reversely rotates the motor 7 at low speed, so that the left and right axles 10L and 10R rotate reversely at low speed, and the driving force branched from the driving force branching portion 130 is connected to the branch driving shaft 140 and the connection. It is transmitted to the drive roller 122 via the section 150.

  As a result, the conveyor belt 121 moves in the direction of arrow B (see FIG. 2), and the pallet 110 on which the battery 20 is placed is conveyed toward the center position of the left and right width of the vehicle body 2 as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the driver visually confirms that the right side surface portion of the pallet 110 has reached the right end of the conveyor belt 121, the selector switch 160 is switched to a position corresponding to “stop”. Thereby, the control unit (not shown) receives the stop signal from the changeover switch 160 and operates the clutch of the connecting unit 150 to the “disengaged” state and drives the control signal for stopping the rotation of the motor 7. Since it outputs to the unit 8, transmission of the driving force from the motor 7 stops, and the conveyance belt 121 stops moving. Thereby, the pallet 110 on which the battery 20 is placed is arranged at the center position of the left and right width of the vehicle body 2, and the weight balance of the vehicle body 2 can be kept good.

  Finally, the driver fixes a lid member (not shown) to the opening 201 of the storage case 200 using a fastening member.

  As described above, according to the electric vehicle 1 of the present embodiment, for example, by providing a simple battery replacement space equipped with simple equipment in a self-service gas station or the like, the driver himself / herself has a battery. The effect that exchange of 20 can be performed easily is demonstrated.

  This also makes it possible to reduce the infrastructure investment for installing the battery replacement space at a self-service gas station, for example.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the electric vehicle 1 is the front wheel drive has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be the rear wheel drive, for example. In that case, the driving force branching portion 130 is provided on the axle of the rear wheel so that the driving force of the conveying device 120 may be branched from the rear wheel side. In the case of four-wheel drive, the driving force of the conveying device 120 may be branched from either the front wheel side or the rear wheel side.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the pair of left and right axles 10L and 10R of the front wheels rotate at the same time when the battery 20 is replaced has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. The driving force may be transmitted to the driving roller 122 without rotating the pair of left and right axles 10L, 10R of the front wheels. In order to realize this configuration, for example, a transmission switching mechanism (not shown) that switches the transmission path of whether the driving force from the motor 7 is transmitted to the power transmission unit 11 or is transmitted to the driving roller 122 side. The configuration may be such that it is provided on the transmission path between the drive unit 8 and the power transmission unit 11. Further, when the transmission switching mechanism is provided in this way, it is not necessary to incorporate a clutch in the connecting portion 150 described above, and it is not necessary to provide the roller equipment 400 in the battery replacement space of the self-type gas station. In addition, when the transmission switching mechanism is provided in this way, when the changeover switch 160 is switched from the “stop” position to a position corresponding to the rotation in the “battery removal direction”, the control unit provided in the vehicle body 2 (Not shown) for receiving the switching signal and switching the transmission path by the transmission switching mechanism so that the driving force from the motor 7 is transmitted to the driving roller 122 side and rotating the motor 7 forward at a low speed. When the changeover switch 160 is switched from the “stop” position to a position corresponding to the rotation in the “battery storage direction”, the control unit receives the changeover signal. The transmission path by the transmission switching mechanism is switched so that the driving force from the motor 7 is transmitted to the driving roller 122 side, and a control signal for rotating the motor 7 at a low speed is driven. When the output is output to the knit 8 and the changeover switch 160 is switched to the position corresponding to “stop”, the control unit receives the changeover signal and changes the transmission path by the transmission switching mechanism to the driving force from the motor 7. May be switched so as to be transmitted to the power transmission unit 11 and the rotation of the motor 7 may be stopped.

  Moreover, although the electric vehicle 1 of the said embodiment demonstrated the case where the storage case 200 was arrange | positioned so that the vehicle height might be raised so that it might not protrude to the indoor space side of the vehicle body 2, it does not restrict to this, for example As shown in FIG. 5, a second electric vehicle 1 a as another example may be configured in which the storage case 200 is disposed so as to protrude toward the indoor space side of the vehicle body 2. In the case of this configuration, the substantially central portion of the front and rear width of the left side frame 3L is arranged so as not to interfere with those members when the pallet 110 on which the battery 20 is placed is taken in and out of the opening 201 of the storage case 200. It needs to be formed in a shape that protrudes upward in a side view, that is, toward the indoor space side so as to retreat upward. FIG. 5 is a schematic left side view of a second electric vehicle 1a as another example of the electric vehicle of the present invention.

  Moreover, in the electric vehicle 1 of the said embodiment, although the vehicle height was made high and the case where the storage case 200 was arrange | positioned under the floor panel 13 was demonstrated (refer Fig.1 (a)), in the case of this structure A configuration may be adopted in which a diffuser is attached to a space below the vehicle body 2 that is generated due to an increase in vehicle height. As a result, the flow of air below the vehicle body 2 can be made smooth to generate downforce and improve the stability of the vehicle body during travel. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which improves the stability of the vehicle body at the time of driving | running | working by generating the down force by flowing the air taken in at the time of driving | running | working in the vehicle body 2. FIG.

  In the above embodiment, the left and right side frames 3L and 3R and the floor panel 13 are separate members. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the floor panel and the left and right side frames are integrated. The structure provided with the formed floor frame (illustration omitted) may be sufficient. In the case of this configuration, when the pallet 110 on which the battery 20 is placed is taken in and out of the opening 201 of the storage case 200, at least the side portion of the floor frame located on the side to be taken in and out is taken in and out. What is necessary is just to form so that it may not interfere with the member of the battery 20 or the pallet 110 (refer Fig.1 (a) and FIG. 5).

  Further, in the above embodiment, the pallet 110 on which the battery 20 is placed is placed on the conveyance belt 121 having a non-slip unevenness (not shown) on the surface, so that the pallet 110 can be Although the configuration that can prevent movement on the conveyor belt 121 has been described, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a groove 121W having a width W corresponding to the front-rear width of the pallet 110 (two points in FIG. It is good also as a structure which formed over the perimeter along the conveyance direction). As a result, the pallet 110 is placed in the groove 121W of the conveyor belt 121 so as to fit into the vehicle body 2 so that the displacement of the vehicle body 2 in the front-rear direction can be more effectively prevented. Therefore, even when the electric vehicle 1 suddenly starts and stops The pallet 110 can be prevented from shifting in the front-rear direction on the conveyor belt 121.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the pallet 110 on which the battery 20 is placed is placed on the conveyance belt 121 having a non-slip unevenness (not shown) formed on the surface, so that the pallet 110 is traveling. Although the structure which can prevent moving on the conveyance belt 121 was demonstrated, in addition to this, in the front side and the rear side of the bottom face part of the storage case 200, or the front side and the rear side wall part and ceiling part, in a side view A pair of automatically locking movable arms (for example, a pair of front and rear first automatic locking movable arms 500F and 500B in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b)), each having a substantially L shape, for example, (B) a pair of front and rear second automatic locking movable arms 600F and 600B and a pair of front and rear third automatic locking movable arms 700F and 700B in FIG. It may be configured to prevent the oscillating mainly in the vertical direction on the belt 121. For example, when the automatic switch type movable arm is running, that is, when the changeover switch 160 is in the “stop” position, the first automatic lock after the end of the arm (see FIGS. 6A and 6B). Tip end 510B of the movable arm 500B, front ends 610F and 610B shown by the solid lines of the pair of front and rear second automatic locking movable arms 600F and 600B in FIGS. 7A and 7B, and after FIG. 7C The third self-locking movable arm 700B (see the front end 710B indicated by the solid line) is inserted into the hole 112 formed in the front and rear side surface of the pallet 110, so that the pallet 110 is placed on the conveyor belt 121. Therefore, the vertical movement of the pallet 110 and the displacement and vibration in the front-rear and left-right directions are prevented. When the changeover switch 160 is changed from the “stop” position to a position corresponding to the rotation in the “battery removal direction”, the control unit receives the changeover signal from the changeover switch 160 and performs the various operations described above. Before execution, a control signal is first sent to the pair of front and rear automatic locking movable arms, and the distal end portion of the arm (front end portion 510F of the front first automatic locking movable arm 500F in FIGS. 6A and 6B, FIG. The tip 610F, 610B shown by the two-dot chain line of the pair of front and rear second automatic locking movable arms 600F, 600B in FIG. 7 (a), and the two-dot chain line of the third automatic locking movable arm 700B after FIG. First, the pallet 110 is unlocked by moving the tip part 710B shown in FIG. When the changeover switch 160 is changed from the “stop” position to a position corresponding to the rotation in the “battery storage direction”, the control unit receives the changeover signal from the changeover switch 160 and performs the various operations described above. Let it run. Then, the driver visually confirms that the right side surface portion of the pallet 110 has reached the right end of the conveyor belt 121, and the movement of the conveyor belt 121 is stopped by switching the changeover switch 160 to a position corresponding to “stop”. At the same time, the control unit sends a control signal to the pair of front and rear self-locking movable arms, and after the arm front end (FIGS. 6A and 6B, the front end 510B of the first self-locking movable arm 500B, FIG. A front end portion 610F, 610B indicated by a solid line of a pair of front and rear second automatic locking movable arms 600F, 600B in a) and (b), and a solid line of a third automatic locking movable arm 700B after FIG. The pallet 110 is locked on the conveyor belt 121 by moving the leading end 710 </ b> B) in a direction to be inserted into the hole 112 of the pallet 110. .

  FIG. 6A is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the longitudinal section of the storage case 200 viewed from the left side in order to schematically show the configuration and operation of the pair of front and rear first automatic locking movable arms 500F and 500B. FIG. 6B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the storage case 200 as viewed from above in order to schematically show the configuration and operation of the pair of front and rear first automatic locking movable arms 500F and 500B. The pair of front and rear first automatic locking movable arms 500F and 500B shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B may be applied to the electric vehicle 1 of the type shown in FIG. . 6A and 6B, the front end portion 510F of the front first automatic lock movable arm 500F is shown in a state of being moved to the unlocking position, and the front end portion of the rear first automatic lock movable arm 500B. 510B shows a state in which it has moved to the lock position.

  FIG. 7A is a schematic vertical sectional view of the storage case 200 as viewed from the left side in order to schematically show the configuration and operation of the pair of front and rear second automatic locking movable arms 600F and 600B. FIG. 7B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the storage case 200 as viewed from above in order to schematically show the configuration and operation of the pair of front and rear second automatic locking movable arms 600F and 600B. . The pair of front and rear second automatic locking movable arms 600F and 600B shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B are arranged, for example, in a state in which the storage case 200 protrudes toward the indoor space side of the vehicle body 2 as shown in FIG. You may apply to the 2nd electric vehicle 1a of the type made.

  In FIG. 7A, the front end portions 610F and 610B of the pair of front and rear second automatic locking movable arms 600F and 600B are shown as solid lines when moved to the locked position, and the positions moved to the unlocked position are two. It is indicated by a dotted line.

  FIG. 7C schematically shows a pair of front and rear third automatic lock movable arms as a modification of the pair of front and rear second automatic lock movable arms 600F and 600B shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration and operation of the rear third automatic locking movable arm 700B side because the front and rear configurations are the same.

  Also, the pair of front and rear first automatic locking movable arms 500F and 500B and the pair of front and rear second automatic locking movable arms 600F and 600B shown in FIGS. 6A to 7B are locked and locked. While being configured to move in the front-rear direction (see arrow C in FIGS. 6A to 7B) at the time of release, a pair of front and rear third automatic locking types shown in FIG. 7C The movable arms 700F and 700B are substantially L-shaped in a side view in the locked state, and the operation at the time of locking and unlocking is the arm base portion 720F serving as the vertical side of the substantially L-shaped, 720B (refer to FIG. 7C) is configured to rotate clockwise and counterclockwise in plan view (see arrow D in FIG. 7C) with the rotation axis as a pivot axis.

  In FIG. 7C, the distal end portion 710B of the rear third automatic locking movable arm 700B is shown as a solid line when it is turned to the locked position, and is shown as a two-dot chain line when it is turned to the unlocked position. ing.

  In the above-described embodiment, the timing at which the changeover switch 160 is switched to the “stop” position has been described for the case where the driver visually determines the position of the pallet 110, but is not limited thereto. 200 is provided with a position detection sensor (not shown) for detecting the position of the pallet 110, and based on the detection result of the position detection sensor, the control unit automatically stops the driving of the conveying device 120. Also good.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the charged battery 20 is stored in the self-service gas station in a state of being fixed to the pallet 110 with the belt-like fixing band 101 is described. Only the battery 20 that has been charged in advance may be stored. In that case, the driver needs to remove the battery 20 from the pallet 110 and fix the battery 20 that has been charged to the pallet 110.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the battery replacement operation is performed in the battery replacement space provided in the self-type gas station has been described, but not limited thereto, for example, the battery replacement space (battery replacement station) It may be installed anywhere.

  Moreover, although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where the hole 112 in which the front-end | tip of the fork part 310 of the hand forklift 300 was inserted was formed in the side part in the said pallet 110, it is not restricted to this, For example, a pallet A pair of groove portions (not shown) along at least the transport direction of the transport belt 121 may be formed in parallel so that the front end of the fork portion 310 of the hand forklift 300 can be inserted into the bottom surface of the 110.

  In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the pallet 110 on which the battery 20 is placed is taken out from the left side of the vehicle body 2 is described. However, the configuration is not limited to this, and for example, the configuration is taken out from the right side, front side, or rear side of the vehicle body 2. May be.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the hand forklift 300 is used as an example of the cargo handling device of the present invention has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention is applicable even when the battery is replaced using a riding forklift. Is applicable. In this case, a driver's license is required to operate the passenger-type forklift, so it is usually not possible for the driver of the electric vehicle to operate the passenger-type forklift and replace the battery. In addition, the specialized worker who replaces the battery at the battery exchange station exhibits an effect that the battery can be easily replaced as compared with the conventional case.

  In the above embodiment, the battery 20 and the pallet 110 are described as separate members. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a configuration in which the battery 20 and the pallet 110 are integrated, in other words, the battery 20 and the hand forklift 300 are provided. The fork part 310 or the fork part of the riding type forklift may be provided with a hole or a groove part into which the fork part can be inserted. That is, the integrated battery 800 in this case has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a side surface into which the fork portion 310 of the hand forklift 300 can be inserted, for example, as shown in FIGS. Two substantially rectangular holes 812 are formed so as to penetrate the left and right side surfaces of the integrated battery 800, and the pair of front and rear second automatic locking movable arms 600F and 600B described above. (Refer to FIGS. 7A and 7B) There are two locking holes 813 into which the rod-shaped tip portions 610F and 610B having the same structure as the two can be inserted. Is formed in place. Here, the same reference numerals are given to the structural members that are basically the same as the structural members described in FIGS. FIG. 8A schematically shows a configuration of an integrated battery 800 configured by integrating the battery 20 and the pallet 110, and a configuration and operation of a pair of front and rear second automatic locking movable arms 600F and 600B. FIG. 8B is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the storage case 200 viewed from the left side, and FIG. 8B shows the configuration of the integrated battery 800 and the configuration of the pair of front and rear second automatic locking movable arms 600F and 600B. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the storage case 200 as viewed from above in order to schematically show the operation.

  According to this configuration, since it is not necessary to provide the pallet 110 described above, the height dimension of the storage case 200 can be reduced as compared with the configuration including the pallet 110. Therefore, for example, in the case of the electric vehicle 1 of the type that increases the vehicle height described in FIG. 1A, the extent to which the vehicle height increases can be kept low. Further, since the battery 20 and the pallet 110 are integrated, the belt-like fixed band 101 is not required, and only the pair of front and rear second automatic locking movable arms 600F and 600B (see FIGS. 8A and 8B). Since the integrated battery 800 can be firmly fixed in the storage case 200, the fixing structure can be simplified.

  In the integrated battery 800 shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the case where the pair of front and rear second automatic locking movable arms 600F and 600B is used as the fixing structure has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, a configuration using a pair of front and rear third automatic locking movable arms 700F and 700B shown in FIG. Even in this case, the same effects as those described with reference to FIGS.

  According to the electric vehicle of the present invention, the battery can be easily exchanged, and is useful as, for example, a battery exchange type electric vehicle.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric vehicle 2 Car body 3 Main frame 4L, 4R A pair of left and right front wheels 5L, 5R A pair of left and right rear wheels 6 Steering handle 7 Motor 8 Drive unit 9 Power cable 10L, 10R Left and right axles 11 Power transmission part 12 Seat seat 13 Floor panel 20 Battery 100 Battery exchange mechanism 110 Pallet 120 Conveying device 121 Conveying belt 122 Driving roller 123 Driven roller 130 Driving force branching unit 140 Branching driving shaft 150 Connecting unit 200 Storage case 201 Opening unit

The first aspect of the present invention is
The car body,
A motor provided on the vehicle body for driving the traveling wheel;
A replaceable battery for driving at least the motor;
A battery mounting member for mounting the battery , having a function of a pallet that can be handled by a fork of the cargo handling device ;
When the battery mounting member on which the battery is mounted is taken out from the center of the vehicle body, the battery is transported toward the left or right side of the vehicle body and the battery on which another replaced battery is mounted. When storing the mounting member in the vehicle body, a conveyance unit provided in the vehicle body that conveys from the left or right side of the vehicle body toward the center of the vehicle body,
An electric vehicle comprising :
The transport unit includes a transport belt on which the battery mounting member is placed, and a driving roller that can drive the transport belt in a direction when the transport belt is taken out and a direction when the storage is stored.
A control unit that controls switching of whether or not to transmit the driving force from the motor to the driving roller side,
When the battery is removed from the vehicle body, the control unit transmits the driving force from the motor driven by using the power of the battery to be removed to the drive roller side, and the replacement When the another battery is stored in the vehicle body, the driving force from the motor driven using the power of the replaced another battery is transmitted to the driving roller side. It is an electric vehicle characterized by

The second aspect of the present invention
Before SL battery mounting member is a plate-like member having a predetermined thickness with a rectangular shape in a plan view, and a side portion of the plate-like member is disposed so as face the left or right side of the vehicle body And
A hole is formed in the end surface portion of the one side portion of the battery mounting member, or a groove portion along the transport direction is formed on the bottom surface of the battery mounting member on the side facing the transport portion. Formed,
Wherein the hole or the groove, wherein the fork portion is enabled insertion of the cargo apparatus,
The length of the power cable for supplying the power of the battery to the motor side is set to a length that allows the power to be supplied even when the battery is transported by the transport unit,
A change-over switch that can be switched to any one of driving the conveying unit in the direction of taking out, driving in the direction of storing, and stopping the driving is provided. The electric vehicle according to the first aspect of the present invention.

The fourth aspect of the present invention is
The battery and the battery mounting member are configured integrally.
The electric vehicle according to the first aspect of the present invention is characterized by the above.

Claims (4)

The car body,
A motor provided on the vehicle body for driving the traveling wheel;
A replaceable battery for driving at least the motor;
A battery mounting member for mounting the battery;
A transport unit provided in the vehicle body for transporting the battery mounting member on which the battery is mounted toward the outside of the vehicle body;
An electric car equipped with. The outside of the vehicle body is the left side or the right side of the vehicle body,
The battery mounting member is a plate-like member having a rectangular shape in a plan view and having a predetermined thickness, and one side portion of the plate-like member is disposed so as to face the left side or the right side of the vehicle body. And
A hole is formed in the end surface portion of the one side portion of the battery mounting member, or a groove portion along the transport direction is formed on the bottom surface of the battery mounting member on the side facing the transport portion. Formed,
The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the fork portion of a cargo handling device having a fork portion can be inserted into the hole portion or the groove portion. The vehicle body has left and right side frames or side portions,
Of the left and right side frames or side portions, at least the side frame or side portion on the side where the battery mounting member is transported is formed so as not to interfere with the transported battery and the battery mounting member. The electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the vehicle is an electric vehicle. The car body,
A motor provided on the vehicle body for driving the traveling wheel;
A replaceable battery for driving at least the motor;
A transport unit provided on the vehicle body, on which the battery is mounted and transported toward the outside of the vehicle body,
An electric vehicle, wherein a hole or a groove portion into which the fork portion of a cargo handling device having a fork portion can be inserted is formed in the battery.