JP2018189205A - Slide member - Google Patents
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- JP2018189205A JP2018189205A JP2017094110A JP2017094110A JP2018189205A JP 2018189205 A JP2018189205 A JP 2018189205A JP 2017094110 A JP2017094110 A JP 2017094110A JP 2017094110 A JP2017094110 A JP 2017094110A JP 2018189205 A JP2018189205 A JP 2018189205A
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- oil groove
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- grating
- lubricant
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- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 97
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 101100407030 Arabidopsis thaliana PAO2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 cemented carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、摺動部材に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a sliding member.
環境対応技術への関心が高まり、摺動部材においては、摺動部の低摩擦化が重要な課題となっている。そのため、潤滑油の少量化や低粘度化が進められている。潤滑油の少量化や低粘度化は流体潤滑領域の低摩擦化には有効であるが、油膜切れが生じやすくなり、焼付きの発生が問題となる。 As interest in environmental technologies increases, in sliding members, it is important to reduce the friction of sliding parts. Therefore, the amount of lubricating oil is being reduced and the viscosity is being reduced. The reduction in the amount of lubricant and the reduction in viscosity are effective in reducing the friction in the fluid lubrication region, but the oil film is likely to be cut off, and seizure is a problem.
特許文献１には、ピストンピンの摺動特性を改善するものが記載されている（特許文献１）。特許文献１のものは、ピストンピンに、軸方向及び円周方向と交差する断面矩形の溝を形成するものである。溝に浸入した潤滑剤は溝内を伝わり、溝から流れ出され（かき出され）て接触面に供給される。 Patent Document 1 describes one that improves the sliding characteristics of a piston pin (Patent Document 1). The thing of patent document 1 forms the groove | channel of the cross-sectional rectangle which cross | intersects an axial direction and a circumferential direction in a piston pin. The lubricant that has entered the groove travels through the groove, flows out (scraps) out of the groove, and is supplied to the contact surface.
特許文献１に記載されたような溝は、溝と潤滑剤とのなじみ（濡れ）がよくない場合があり、潤滑剤の溝への引き込み性及び溝内における潤滑剤の濡れ広がり性が高くない。また、溝が矩形であるため、溝から接触面へ潤滑剤が移動しにくく、溝から接触面への潤滑剤の供給能力が高くない。 The groove as described in Patent Document 1 may not have a good fit (wetting) between the groove and the lubricant, and the pullability of the lubricant into the groove and the wettability of the lubricant in the groove are not high. . Further, since the groove is rectangular, the lubricant is difficult to move from the groove to the contact surface, and the ability of supplying the lubricant from the groove to the contact surface is not high.
本発明は、上記課題に鑑みて、潤滑剤の油溝への引き込み性および溝内における潤滑剤の濡れ広がり性が高く、油膜切れの生じにくい摺動部材を提供する。 In view of the above-described problems, the present invention provides a sliding member that has a high pullability of a lubricant into an oil groove and a high wettability of the lubricant in the groove, and is unlikely to cause an oil film breakage.
本発明の摺動部材は、潤滑剤の介在下で相手部材と相対摺動を行う油溝を有する摺動部材であって、前記油溝に、油溝の溝幅よりも周期間隔の狭いグレーティング状凹凸の周期構造が複数の配向方向で設けられているものである。ここで、溝幅とは、油溝の進展方向と直交する方向における油溝の一方の端部（幅方向周縁部）から他方の端部（幅方向周縁部）までの長さをいう。 The sliding member of the present invention is a sliding member having an oil groove that slides relative to the mating member in the presence of a lubricant, and the grating has a narrower periodic interval than the groove width of the oil groove. The periodic structure of the concavo-convex shape is provided in a plurality of orientation directions. Here, the groove width refers to the length from one end portion (width direction peripheral portion) of the oil groove to the other end portion (width direction peripheral portion) in a direction orthogonal to the oil groove extending direction.
本発明の摺動部材によれば、油溝に溝幅より周期間隔の狭いグレーティング状凹凸の周期構造が複数の配向方向で設けられていることで、油溝と潤滑剤とのなじみ（濡れ）がよくなるとともに表面積が増加して、濡れ性向上、毛管現象の効果が加わり、油溝の進展方向及び幅方向に潤滑剤を速やかに濡れ広げることができる。すなわち、ある方向に進展する周期構造において、先行して潤滑剤が濡れ広がり、さらに、その周期構造から別の方向に進展する周期構造にわたって潤滑剤が濡れ広がる。その結果、潤滑剤の循環性が向上して摺動面への潤滑剤の供給性が向上し、摺動部材の油膜切れを防止することができる。 According to the sliding member of the present invention, the oil groove and the lubricant are familiar (wetting) by providing the oil groove with a periodic structure of grating-like irregularities having a periodic interval narrower than the groove width in a plurality of orientation directions. The surface area is increased and the wettability is improved and the effect of capillary action is added, so that the lubricant can be quickly spread in the direction of the oil groove and in the width direction. That is, in the periodic structure that progresses in a certain direction, the lubricant is wet and spreads first, and further, the lubricant spreads over the periodic structure that progresses from the periodic structure in another direction. As a result, the circulation of the lubricant is improved, the supply of the lubricant to the sliding surface is improved, and the oil film of the sliding member can be prevented from being cut.
前記油溝は、幅方向周縁部において斜面又は曲面を有し、前記斜面又は曲面の斜度が４５°以下であるのが好ましい。ここで、斜度とは、油溝の幅方向周縁部が斜面である場合は、摺動面に対する斜面の傾斜角度であり、油溝の幅方向周縁部が曲面である場合は、摺動面に対する曲面（油溝の幅方向周縁部）の接線角度をいう。これにより、斜面又は曲面を介して油溝から摺動面への潤滑剤の供給性が向上し、摺動部材の油膜切れを防止することができる。 It is preferable that the oil groove has a slope or a curved surface at a peripheral edge in the width direction, and the slope of the slope or the curved surface is 45 ° or less. Here, the inclination is the inclination angle of the inclined surface with respect to the sliding surface when the circumferential edge of the oil groove is a slope, and the sliding surface when the circumferential edge of the oil groove is a curved surface. Is the tangential angle of the curved surface (peripheral edge in the width direction of the oil groove). Thereby, the supply property of the lubricant from the oil groove to the sliding surface through the inclined surface or the curved surface is improved, and the oil film of the sliding member can be prevented from being cut.
前記構成において、前記グレーティング状凹凸の周期構造の少なくとも１つの配向方向と前記油溝の進展方向のなす角度が４５°未満であってもよい。これにより、油溝の進展方向に潤滑剤を速やかに濡れ広げることができる。また、前記グレーティング状凹凸の周期構造の少なくとも１つの配向方向と前記油溝の進展方向のなす角度が４５°以上であってもよい。これにより、油溝の進展方向に潤滑剤を速やかに濡れ広げることができるとともに、摺動面への潤滑剤の供給性を向上することができる。 The said structure WHEREIN: The angle made by the at least 1 orientation direction of the periodic structure of the said grating-like unevenness | corrugation and the progress direction of the said oil groove may be less than 45 degrees. As a result, the lubricant can be rapidly wetted and spread in the direction of the oil groove. Further, an angle formed by at least one orientation direction of the periodic structure of the grating-like irregularities and a direction in which the oil groove extends may be 45 ° or more. As a result, the lubricant can be rapidly wetted and spread in the oil groove development direction, and the supply of the lubricant to the sliding surface can be improved.
前記構成において、前記グレーティング状凹凸の周期構造が前記油溝の幅方向周縁部外まで連通していてもよい。これにより、油溝から摺動面への潤滑剤の供給性を向上することができる。 The said structure WHEREIN: The periodic structure of the said grating-like unevenness | corrugation may be connected to the width direction peripheral part outside of the said oil groove. Thereby, the supply property of the lubricant from the oil groove to the sliding surface can be improved.
前記構成において、前記グレーティング状凹凸の周期構造は、凸部頂点が非平坦面となって連続的に高さが変化するものであってもよい。これにより、開口部が広くなり、潤滑剤の引き込み性及び摺動面への潤滑剤の供給性を向上することができる。 The said structure WHEREIN: The periodic structure of the said grating-like unevenness | corrugation may change a height continuously by a convex-part vertex becoming a non-flat surface. Thereby, an opening part becomes wide and it can improve the drawability of a lubricant and the supply of a lubricant to a sliding surface.
前記グレーティング状凹凸の周期構造の周期ピッチが、１０μｍ以下であってもよい。これにより、毛管現象の効果が顕著となり、潤滑剤を速やかに濡れ広げることができる。 The periodic pitch of the grating-like irregular structure may be 10 μm or less. Thereby, the effect of a capillary phenomenon becomes remarkable and a lubricant can be spread quickly.
前記構成において、前記油溝の溝底に、前記油溝の進展方向に沿った方向にグレーティング状凹凸の周期構造が形成されるとともに、溝底に形成されたグレーティング状凹凸の周期構造から油溝の幅方向周縁部まで進展する方向にグレーティング状凹凸の周期構造が形成されるものであってもよい。これにより、油溝の進展方向に沿った方向のグレーティング状凹凸の周期構造によって、油溝の中に速やかに潤滑剤を濡れ広げるとともに、これと直交する方向の周期構造によって、油溝から摺動面へ潤滑剤を供給することができる。このため、溝内における潤滑剤の濡れ広がり性を向上させるとともに、摺動面への潤滑剤の供給性を一層向上させることができる。 In the above configuration, a periodic structure of grating irregularities is formed in the groove bottom of the oil groove in a direction along the direction of propagation of the oil groove, and an oil groove is formed from the periodic structure of grating irregularities formed on the groove bottom. The periodic structure of the grating-like irregularities may be formed in the direction extending to the peripheral edge in the width direction. As a result, the periodic structure of the grating-like irregularities in the direction along the direction of propagation of the oil groove quickly spreads the lubricant into the oil groove and slides from the oil groove by the periodic structure in a direction perpendicular to the oil groove. Lubricant can be supplied to the surface. For this reason, the wettability of the lubricant in the groove can be improved, and the supply of the lubricant to the sliding surface can be further improved.
本発明の摺動部材は、潤滑油の引き込み性および保持性が高く、油膜切れの生じにくいものとなる。 The sliding member of the present invention has a high pullability and retention of the lubricating oil, and the oil film is not easily broken.
以下本発明の実施の形態を図１〜図８に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
本発明に係る摺動部材は、図示省略の相手部材と潤滑下で相対的に摺動するものであり、例えばエンジン部品に適用することができる。摺動部材および相手部材は、炭素鋼、銅、アルミニウム、白金、超硬合金等であっても、炭化ケイ素や窒化ケイ素等のシリコン系セラミックスであっても、エンジニアプラスチック等であってもよい。また、潤滑剤としても、水やアルコールであっても、さらにはエンジンオイル等の潤滑油等であってもよい。すなわち、摺動部材や相手部材の材質は、使用する環境等に応じて種々の潤滑剤を用いることができる。 The sliding member according to the present invention slides relative to a counterpart member (not shown) under lubrication, and can be applied to, for example, engine parts. The sliding member and the counterpart member may be carbon steel, copper, aluminum, platinum, cemented carbide, silicon-based ceramics such as silicon carbide or silicon nitride, or engineer plastic. Also, the lubricant may be water or alcohol, or may be a lubricating oil such as engine oil. That is, various lubricants can be used as the material of the sliding member and the mating member depending on the environment used.
図１に示すように、本実施形態では摺動部材を例えば平板体とし、表面（本実施形態では上面）が、相手部材と接触する摺動面１となる。摺動面１には、一方向に進展し、潤滑剤の流路となる油溝２が設けられている。この油溝２は、図２に示すように、幅方向周縁部３ａ、３ｂ（つまり、油溝の進展方向と直交する方向における油溝２の端部であって、摺動面１と油溝２との境界となる部分）において斜面４（図２（ａ）（ｃ）参照）又は曲面５（図２（ｂ）（ｄ）参照）を有する。本実施形態では、幅方向周縁部３ａ、３ｂは曲面５となっている。ここで、溝幅とは、油溝２の一方の幅方向周縁部３ａから他方の幅方向周縁部３ｂまでの長さをいう。また、斜面４とは、摺動面１（本実施形態では水平方向）に対して傾斜した面をいう。 As shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, a sliding member is made into a flat plate body, for example, and the surface (upper surface in this embodiment) becomes the sliding surface 1 which contacts a mating member. The sliding surface 1 is provided with an oil groove 2 that extends in one direction and serves as a flow path for the lubricant. As shown in FIG. 2, the oil groove 2 is an end portion of the oil groove 2 in the width direction peripheral portions 3 a and 3 b (that is, the direction perpendicular to the direction in which the oil groove extends, and the sliding surface 1 and the oil groove 2 (refer to FIGS. 2A and 2C) or a curved surface 5 (see FIGS. 2B and 2D). In the present embodiment, the circumferential edges 3 a and 3 b in the width direction are curved surfaces 5. Here, the groove width refers to the length from one width direction peripheral portion 3a of the oil groove 2 to the other width direction peripheral portion 3b. Further, the inclined surface 4 refers to a surface inclined with respect to the sliding surface 1 (horizontal direction in the present embodiment).
曲面５の斜度θは４５°以下としている。斜度θとは、図２（ａ）のように摺動面１が平面であって油溝２の幅方向周縁部３ａ（３ｂ）が斜面４である場合は、摺動面１に対する斜面４の傾斜角度θ１であり、図２（ｂ）のように摺動面１が平面であって油溝２の幅方向周縁部３ａ（３ｂ）が曲面５である場合は、摺動面１に対する曲面５（油溝２の幅方向周縁部３ａ（３ｂ））の接線角度θ２をいう。図２（ｃ）のように、摺動面１が曲面であって油溝２の幅方向周縁部３ａ（３ｂ）が斜面４である場合は、幅方向周縁部３ａ（３ｂ）における摺動面１の接線方向を基準とした斜面４の傾斜角度θ１であり、図２（ｄ）のように摺動面１が曲面であって油溝２の幅方向周縁部３ａ（３ｂ）が曲面５である場合は、幅方向周縁部３ａ（３ｂ）における摺動面１の接線方向を基準とした曲面５（油溝２の幅方向周縁部３）の接線角度θ２をいう。なお、油溝２の底部は、図２（ａ）のような曲面や、図２（ｂ）のような平面等、どのような形状であってもよい。 The slope θ of the curved surface 5 is 45 ° or less. The slope θ is the slope 4 with respect to the sliding surface 1 when the sliding surface 1 is a flat surface and the widthwise peripheral edge 3a (3b) of the oil groove 2 is a slope 4 as shown in FIG. 2, and when the sliding surface 1 is a flat surface and the widthwise peripheral edge 3 a (3 b) of the oil groove 2 is a curved surface 5 as shown in FIG. 2B, the curved surface with respect to the sliding surface 1 5 (the tangent angle θ2 of the circumferential edge 3a (3b) in the width direction of the oil groove 2). As shown in FIG. 2C, when the sliding surface 1 is a curved surface and the widthwise peripheral edge 3a (3b) of the oil groove 2 is a slope 4, the sliding surface at the widthwise peripheral edge 3a (3b). 1 is the inclination angle θ1 of the inclined surface 4 with reference to the tangential direction of 1, and the sliding surface 1 is a curved surface and the widthwise peripheral edge 3a (3b) of the oil groove 2 is a curved surface 5 as shown in FIG. In some cases, it refers to the tangent angle θ2 of the curved surface 5 (the width direction peripheral portion 3 of the oil groove 2) with reference to the tangential direction of the sliding surface 1 in the width direction peripheral portion 3a (3b). Note that the bottom of the oil groove 2 may have any shape such as a curved surface as shown in FIG. 2A or a flat surface as shown in FIG.
油溝２には、図３に示すようなグレーティング状凹凸の周期構造６が形成されている。周期構造６は、油溝２の溝幅よりも周期間隔の狭いピッチで微小の凹部９と微小の凸部１０とが交互に所定ピッチで配設されてなるものである。凸部１０の頂点は、非平坦面となって連続的に高さが変化している。また、周期構造６の凹凸ピッチは１０μｍ以下とするのが好ましい。なお、周期構造は多少の乱れがあっても問題はない。 In the oil groove 2, a periodic structure 6 having grating-like irregularities as shown in FIG. 3 is formed. The periodic structure 6 is configured such that minute concave portions 9 and minute convex portions 10 are alternately arranged at a predetermined pitch at a pitch narrower than the groove width of the oil groove 2. The vertex of the convex part 10 becomes a non-flat surface, and the height changes continuously. Moreover, it is preferable that the uneven | corrugated pitch of the periodic structure 6 shall be 10 micrometers or less. Note that there is no problem even if the periodic structure is somewhat disturbed.
周期構造６は、図１に示すように複数の配向方向で設けられている。すなわち、図１の矢印Ａのように、第１の方向に進展する周期構造６ａは、油溝２の溝底に形成されており、油溝２の進展方向に沿って進展している。図１の矢印Ｂのように、第２の方向に進展する周期構造６ｂは、油溝２の曲面５に形成されており、油溝２の進展方向（第１の方向）と直交する方向に沿って進展する。すなわち、第２の方向に延びる周期構造６ｂは、２箇所において形成されており、一方の周期構造６ｂ１は、第１の方向に延びる周期構造６ａから、油溝２の一方の幅方向周縁部３ａにわたって曲面５に形成され、他方の周期構造６ｂ２は、第１の方向に延びる周期構造６ａから、油溝２の他方の幅方向周縁部３ｂにわたって曲面５に形成されている。曲面５に形成された周期構造６ｂ１、６ｂ２は、油溝２の幅方向周縁部外まで連通している。図１では、周期構造６ｂ１、６ｂ２は、摺動面１の平面にまで連続して形成されている。 The periodic structure 6 is provided in a plurality of orientation directions as shown in FIG. That is, as indicated by an arrow A in FIG. 1, the periodic structure 6 a that extends in the first direction is formed on the groove bottom of the oil groove 2 and extends along the direction in which the oil groove 2 extends. As shown by the arrow B in FIG. 1, the periodic structure 6 b that extends in the second direction is formed on the curved surface 5 of the oil groove 2, and extends in a direction orthogonal to the progress direction (first direction) of the oil groove 2. Progress along. That is, the periodic structure 6b extending in the second direction is formed at two locations, and one periodic structure 6b1 is formed from the periodic structure 6a extending in the first direction on the one peripheral edge 3a in the width direction of the oil groove 2. The other periodic structure 6b2 is formed on the curved surface 5 from the periodic structure 6a extending in the first direction to the other peripheral edge 3b in the other width direction of the oil groove 2. The periodic structures 6 b 1 and 6 b 2 formed on the curved surface 5 communicate with the outside of the peripheral edge in the width direction of the oil groove 2. In FIG. 1, the periodic structures 6 b 1 and 6 b 2 are continuously formed up to the plane of the sliding surface 1.
本実施形態では、グレーティング状凹凸の周期構造の少なくとも１つの配向方向（本実施形態では、周期構造６ａの配向方向）と油溝２の進展方向のなす角度が４５°未満である。本実施形態では、周期構造６ａの配向方向は油溝２の進展方向とほぼ同じであるため、０°である。また、グレーティング状凹凸の周期構造の少なくとも１つの配向方向（本実施形態では、周期構造６ｂ１、６ｂ２の配向方向）と油溝２の進展方向のなす角度が４５°以上である。本実施形態では、周期構造６ｂの配向方向は油溝２の進展方向と直交する方向とほぼ同じであるため、９０°である。 In the present embodiment, the angle formed by at least one orientation direction of the periodic structure of the grating-like irregularities (in this embodiment, the orientation direction of the periodic structure 6a) and the progress direction of the oil groove 2 is less than 45 °. In the present embodiment, the orientation direction of the periodic structure 6a is substantially the same as the direction in which the oil groove 2 propagates, and thus is 0 °. Further, the angle formed by at least one orientation direction of the periodic structure of the grating-like irregularities (in this embodiment, the orientation direction of the periodic structures 6b1 and 6b2) and the progress direction of the oil groove 2 is 45 ° or more. In the present embodiment, the orientation direction of the periodic structure 6b is substantially the same as the direction orthogonal to the direction in which the oil groove 2 propagates, and thus is 90 °.
このように本発明では、油溝２に、溝幅より周期間隔の狭いグレーティング状凹凸の周期構造６ａ、６ｂ１、６ｂ２が複数の配向方向で設けられていることで、油溝２と潤滑剤とのなじみ（濡れ）がよくなるとともに表面積が増加して、濡れ性向上、毛管現象の効果が加わり、油溝２の進展方向及び幅方向に潤滑剤を速やかに濡れ広げることができる。すなわち、油溝２の進展方向に沿って進展する周期構造６ａにおいて、先行して潤滑剤が濡れ広がる。さらに、周期構造６ａから周期構造６ｂ１、６ｂ２にわたって潤滑剤が濡れ広がる。その結果、潤滑剤の循環性が向上して摺動面１への潤滑剤の供給性が向上し、摺動部材の油膜切れを防止することができる。 As described above, in the present invention, the oil groove 2 is provided with the periodic structures 6a, 6b1, 6b2 having grating-like irregularities whose periodic intervals are narrower than the groove width in a plurality of orientation directions, so that the oil groove 2, the lubricant, The familiarity (wetting) is improved, the surface area is increased, the wettability is improved, the effect of capillary action is added, and the lubricant can be quickly wetted and spread in the progress direction and the width direction of the oil groove 2. That is, in the periodic structure 6a that progresses along the progress direction of the oil groove 2, the lubricant spreads in advance. Furthermore, the lubricant spreads from the periodic structure 6a to the periodic structures 6b1 and 6b2. As a result, the circulation of the lubricant is improved, the supply of the lubricant to the sliding surface 1 is improved, and the oil film of the sliding member can be prevented from being cut.
また、油溝２は、幅方向周縁部３ａ、３ｂにおいて曲面５を有し、曲面５の斜度を４５°以下としている。これにより、曲面５を介して油溝２から摺動面１への潤滑剤の供給性が向上し、摺動部材の油膜切れを防止することができる。 Moreover, the oil groove 2 has the curved surface 5 in the width direction peripheral part 3a, 3b, and makes the inclination of the curved surface 5 45 degrees or less. Thereby, the supply property of the lubricant from the oil groove 2 to the sliding surface 1 through the curved surface 5 is improved, and the oil film of the sliding member can be prevented from being cut.
周期構造６ａの配向方向と油溝２の進展方向のなす角度を４５°未満とすることにより、油溝２の進展方向に潤滑剤を速やかに濡れ広げることができる。また、周期構造６ｂ１、６ｂ２の配向方向と油溝２の進展方向のなす角度を４５°以上とすることにより、油溝２の進展方向に潤滑剤を速やかに濡れ広げることができるとともに、摺動面１への潤滑剤の供給性を向上することができる。 By setting the angle formed by the orientation direction of the periodic structure 6 a and the progress direction of the oil groove 2 to be less than 45 °, the lubricant can be quickly wetted and spread in the progress direction of the oil groove 2. Further, by setting the angle between the orientation direction of the periodic structures 6b1 and 6b2 and the progress direction of the oil groove 2 to 45 ° or more, the lubricant can be quickly wetted and spread in the progress direction of the oil groove 2, and sliding The supply property of the lubricant to the surface 1 can be improved.
グレーティング状凹凸の周期構造６ｂ１、６ｂ２が油溝２の幅方向周縁部外まで連通しているため、油溝２から摺動面１への潤滑剤の供給性を向上することができる。また、グレーティング状凹凸の周期構造６は、凸部頂点が非平坦面となって連続的に高さが変化するものであるため、開口部が広くなり、潤滑剤の引き込み性及び摺動面への潤滑剤の供給性を向上することができる。さらには、グレーティング状凹凸の周期構造６の周期ピッチを１０μｍ以下としているため、毛管現象の効果が顕著となり、潤滑剤を速やかに濡れ広げることができる。 Since the grating-like irregular structures 6 b 1 and 6 b 2 communicate to the outside of the peripheral edge in the width direction of the oil groove 2, the supply of lubricant from the oil groove 2 to the sliding surface 1 can be improved. Moreover, since the periodic structure 6 of the grating-like unevenness has a convex portion apex that is a non-flat surface and continuously changes in height, the opening becomes wide, leading to the pulling property of the lubricant and the sliding surface. The supply property of the lubricant can be improved. Furthermore, since the periodic pitch of the grating-like irregular structure 6 is 10 μm or less, the effect of capillary action becomes remarkable, and the lubricant can be spread quickly.
油溝２の溝底に、油溝２の進展方向に沿った方向にグレーティング状凹凸の周期構造６ａが形成されるとともに、周期構造６ａから油溝２の幅方向周縁部３ａ、３ｂまで進展する方向にグレーティング状凹凸の周期構造６ｂ１、６ｂ２が形成されているので、周期構造６ａによって、油溝２の中に速やかに潤滑剤を濡れ広げるとともに、周期構造６ｂ１、６ｂ２によって、油溝２から摺動面１へ潤滑剤を供給することができる。このため、溝内における潤滑剤の濡れ広がり性を向上させるとともに、摺動面１への潤滑剤の供給性を一層向上させることができる。 A periodic structure 6a having grating-like irregularities is formed on the groove bottom of the oil groove 2 in a direction along the development direction of the oil groove 2, and also extends from the periodic structure 6a to the peripheral edges 3a and 3b in the width direction of the oil groove 2. Since the periodic structures 6b1 and 6b2 having grating-like irregularities are formed in the direction, the periodic structure 6a quickly wets the lubricant into the oil groove 2, and the periodic structures 6b1 and 6b2 slide the oil groove 2 from the oil groove 2. A lubricant can be supplied to the moving surface 1. For this reason, the wettability of the lubricant in the groove can be improved, and the supply of the lubricant to the sliding surface 1 can be further improved.
本発明は前記実施形態に限定されることなく種々の変形が可能であって、例えば、摺動部材の摺動面１としては、平面ではなく円筒面（筒体の内径面や外径面、中実体の外径面）等であってもよい。また、摺動部材と相手部材との摺動は、面接触、線接触、および点接触のいずれであってもよい。摺動部材の摺動方法としては、摺動部材側を固定して相手部材を摺動部材に対して摺動させても、逆に、相手部材側を固定して摺動部材を相手部材に対して摺動させても、摺動部材と相手部材とを摺動させてもよい。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible. For example, the sliding surface 1 of the sliding member is not a flat surface but a cylindrical surface (an inner diameter surface or an outer diameter surface of a cylindrical body, It may be a solid outer surface). The sliding between the sliding member and the mating member may be any of surface contact, line contact, and point contact. As a sliding method of the sliding member, even if the sliding member side is fixed and the mating member is slid with respect to the sliding member, conversely, the mating member side is fixed and the sliding member is used as the mating member. Alternatively, the sliding member and the mating member may be slid.
油溝２の溝幅の大きさ、底部までの深さ、断面形状、平面形状、数、位置は種々のものとすることができ、必要性に応じて適宜決定することができる。周期構造６の配向方向は３方向以上でもよい。実施形態では、周期構造６ａの進展方向と周期構造６ｂ１、６ｂ２の進展方向とのなす角度は約９０°であったが、周期構造が複数の配向方向で設けられていれば、それらのなす角度は問わない。また、図１において、周期構造６ａと周期構造６ｂの配向方向を入れ替える等、油溝２のどの位置に、どの方向の周期構造を配置してもよい。油溝２の幅方向周縁部の一方側３ａと他方側３ｂとで、周期構造の進展方向を同一にする必要はなく、例えば、幅方向周縁部の一方側３ａの周期構造は、油溝２の進展方向に沿った方向に形成し、幅方向周縁部の他方側３ｂの周期構造は、油溝２の進展方向と直交する方向に形成する、等であってもよい。周期構造は、油溝２の全面に設けるのが望ましいが、油溝２の一部において周期構造が設けられない箇所があってもよい。 The size of the groove width, the depth to the bottom, the cross-sectional shape, the planar shape, the number, and the position of the oil groove 2 can be various, and can be appropriately determined according to necessity. The orientation direction of the periodic structure 6 may be three or more. In the embodiment, the angle formed by the progress direction of the periodic structure 6a and the progress direction of the periodic structures 6b1 and 6b2 is about 90 °. However, if the periodic structure is provided in a plurality of orientation directions, the angles formed by them are provided. Does not matter. Further, in FIG. 1, the periodic structure in any direction may be arranged at any position of the oil groove 2, for example, by switching the orientation directions of the periodic structure 6 a and the periodic structure 6 b. It is not necessary for the one side 3a and the other side 3b of the width direction peripheral portion of the oil groove 2 to have the same progress direction of the periodic structure. For example, the periodic structure of the one side 3a of the width direction peripheral portion is the oil groove 2 The periodic structure on the other side 3b of the peripheral edge portion in the width direction may be formed in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the oil groove 2 develops. The periodic structure is desirably provided on the entire surface of the oil groove 2, but there may be a portion where the periodic structure is not provided in a part of the oil groove 2.
周期構造形成には、フェムト秒レーザ、ピコ秒レーザ、およびナノ秒レーザといったパルスレーザを使用することができる。 Pulsed lasers such as femtosecond lasers, picosecond lasers, and nanosecond lasers can be used for forming the periodic structure.
まず、潤滑油引き込み評価を行った。図４に、周期構造を形成したプレート試験片を示す。ＳＵＳ３０４基板に超短パルスレーザを加工しきい値近傍のエネルギー密度で照射し、図４（ａ）に示すようなグレーティング状の周期構造（ピッチ約９００ｎｍ、深さ約２５０ｎｍ）を帯状領域（幅３ｍｍ、長さ１５ｍｍ）に形成した。周期構造の配向方向は長軸方向に対して直交（直交プレート、図４（ｂ）参照）、平行（平行プレート、図４（ｃ）参照）、および直交と平行の組み合わせ（複合プレート、図４（ｄ）参照）とした。複合プレートは、帯状領域中央部を長軸方向に対して平行の周期構造とし、その両サイドに直交の周期構造を配置した。 First, lubricating oil pull-in evaluation was performed. FIG. 4 shows a plate test piece having a periodic structure. An SUS304 substrate is irradiated with an ultrashort pulse laser at an energy density near the processing threshold, and a grating-like periodic structure (pitch: about 900 nm, depth: about 250 nm) as shown in FIG. And a length of 15 mm). The orientation direction of the periodic structure is orthogonal to the major axis direction (orthogonal plate, see FIG. 4B), parallel (parallel plate, see FIG. 4C), and a combination of orthogonal and parallel (composite plate, FIG. 4). (See (d)). The composite plate has a periodic structure parallel to the major axis direction at the center of the band-like region, and orthogonal periodic structures are arranged on both sides thereof.
周期構造の潤滑油に対する引き込み性を評価するため、ディップ試験装置を用いて、周期構造を形成した帯状領域端部を潤滑油に浸漬し、潤滑油の持ち上げ高さを測定した。潤滑油にはＰＡＯ２[６．５ｃＰ（２５℃）]を使用した。 In order to evaluate the pullability of the periodic structure with respect to the lubricating oil, the end of the belt-shaped region where the periodic structure was formed was immersed in the lubricating oil using a dip test apparatus, and the lifting height of the lubricating oil was measured. PAO2 [6.5 cP (25 ° C.)] was used as the lubricating oil.
図５（ａ）に直交プレート、図５（ｂ）に平行プレート、図５（ｃ）に複合プレートを潤滑油に浸漬した際の潤滑油持ち上げの様子を示す。また、プレート試験片を潤滑油に浸漬した際の潤滑油持ち上げ高さの推移を図６に示す。図６において実線が直交プレート、点線が平行プレート、一点鎖線が複合プレートを示している。全てのプレート試験片で潤滑油を持ち上げることが可能であった。図５における三角印が潤滑油の持ち上げ高さを示しており、図５及び図６に示すように、平行プレート及び複合プレートの潤滑油持ち上げ高さは、直交プレートの２倍となった。なお、図示省略するが、未加工部では潤滑油の持ち上げは認められなかった。 FIG. 5A shows the state of lifting the lubricant when the orthogonal plate is immersed in the lubricant, FIG. 5B is the parallel plate, and FIG. 5C is the composite plate immersed in the lubricant. Further, FIG. 6 shows the transition of the lubricating oil lifting height when the plate test piece is immersed in the lubricating oil. In FIG. 6, the solid line indicates the orthogonal plate, the dotted line indicates the parallel plate, and the alternate long and short dash line indicates the composite plate. It was possible to lift the lubricant on all plate specimens. The triangular mark in FIG. 5 indicates the lifting height of the lubricating oil. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the lifting height of the lubricating oil of the parallel plate and the composite plate is twice that of the orthogonal plate. In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, lifting of lubricating oil was not recognized in the unprocessed part.
原子間力顕微鏡の測定結果から、周期構造の表面積は未加工部に対して１．７８倍であった。表面積倍率ｒである粗面の見かけの接触角θWと平滑面の接触角θeの関係は、凹部まで液体が入り込むＷｅｎｚｅｌモデルの場合、ｃｏｓθW＝ｒｃｏｓθeで表される。ｒ＝１．７８の場合、平滑面の接触角θeが５６°以下の液体は、見かけの接触角θWが０°となり、拡張濡れに移行する。 From the measurement results of the atomic force microscope, the surface area of the periodic structure was 1.78 times that of the unprocessed portion. The relationship between the apparent contact angle θ W of the rough surface, which is the surface area magnification r, and the contact angle θ e of the smooth surface is expressed by cos θ W = r cos θ e in the case of the Wenzel model in which the liquid enters the recess. When r = 1.78, the liquid having a smooth surface contact angle θ e of 56 ° or less has an apparent contact angle θ W of 0 ° and shifts to extended wetting.
本実施例において使用したＰＡＯ２の平滑面の接触角は５６°以下であるため、直交プレート、平行プレートともに拡張濡れに移行し、潤滑油を持ち上げることとなった。平行プレートは、周期構造の配向方向と潤滑油の持ち上げ方向が合致するため、毛管現象の効果が加わり、潤滑油の引き込み性が向上したと考えられる。複合プレートは、中央部に形成した長軸方向に平行の周期構造が潤滑油の持ち上げを先導する形となり、平行プレートと同等以上の潤滑油引き込み効果となった。 Since the contact angle of the smooth surface of PAO2 used in this example was 56 ° or less, both the orthogonal plate and the parallel plate shifted to expanded wetting, and the lubricating oil was lifted. In the parallel plate, the orientation direction of the periodic structure and the lifting direction of the lubricating oil coincide with each other. Therefore, it is considered that the effect of capillary action is added and the pulling property of the lubricating oil is improved. In the composite plate, the periodic structure parallel to the long axis direction formed in the central portion led to the lifting of the lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil drawing effect was equal to or higher than that of the parallel plate.
次に、濡れ広がり評価を行った。試験片は、図７（ａ）に示すように、ＳＵＳ３０４基板に周期構造を形成しない比較材としての未加工プレートと、図７（ｂ）に示すように、ＳＵＳ３０４基板に縦２１ｍｍ、横２５ｍｍの領域に縦方向に配向する周期構造を形成した１方向配向（１Ｄ）プレートと、図７（ｃ）に示すように、１方向配向プレート中央部の帯状領域（幅３ｍｍ）に横方向に配向する周期構造を形成した２方向配向（２Ｄ）プレートと、図７（ｄ）に示すように、プレート中央部の帯状領域（幅３ｍｍ）を深さ１０μｍの溝（図７（ｄ）における濃色部分）とし、溝内には前記複合プレート（図４（ｄ）参照）と同様に、溝中央部に長軸方向に対して平行の周期構造を形成し、その両サイドに直交の周期構造を形成した溝付き（２Ｄ−groove）プレートとした。なお、溝付きプレートは、周期構造を溝の幅方向周縁部外まで連通させた。 Next, wetting spread evaluation was performed. As shown in FIG. 7A, the test piece is a non-processed plate as a comparative material that does not form a periodic structure on the SUS304 substrate, and a SUS304 substrate with a length of 21 mm and a width of 25 mm as shown in FIG. A unidirectionally oriented (1D) plate in which a periodic structure oriented in the vertical direction is formed in the region, and as shown in FIG. 7 (c), the unidirectionally oriented plate is oriented in the lateral direction (width 3 mm) in the central portion. A two-directionally oriented (2D) plate having a periodic structure and a strip-like region (width 3 mm) at the center of the plate as shown in FIG. As in the case of the composite plate (see FIG. 4D), a periodic structure parallel to the major axis direction is formed in the groove, and orthogonal periodic structures are formed on both sides thereof. A grooved (2D-groove) plate was obtained. In the grooved plate, the periodic structure was communicated to the outside of the peripheral portion in the width direction of the groove.
潤滑油の濡れ広がりを評価するため、プレート試験片中央部に１μｌのＰＡＯ２を点着し、油滴の濡れ広がりの様子を観察した。 In order to evaluate the wetting and spreading of the lubricating oil, 1 μl of PAO2 was spotted at the center of the plate test piece, and the state of wetting and spreading of the oil droplets was observed.
１μｌのＰＡＯ２を点着後６０分経過時の油滴の濡れ広がりの様子を図８に示す。図 （ａ）の比較材の未加工プレートに対し、周期構造を形成したプレートは潤滑剤が大きく広がった。油滴は周期構造の配向方向に広がりやすいため、図８（ｂ）に示すように、１Ｄプレートでは楕円形の形状となった。図８（ｃ）に示すように、２Ｄプレートでは、帯状領域で横方向に広がった潤滑油が縦方向に広がるため、１Ｄプレートより広い領域に濡れ広がることが確認された。また、図８（ｄ）に示すように、油溝を想定した２Ｄ−grooveプレートは、２Ｄプレートより横方向に素早く広がり、最も広い領域に濡れ広がった。 FIG. 8 shows the state of wetting and spreading of the oil droplets after 60 minutes have passed after 1 μl of PAO2 has been spotted. In contrast to the unprocessed plate of the comparative material in FIG. Since the oil droplets are likely to spread in the orientation direction of the periodic structure, the 1D plate has an elliptical shape as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 8C, in the 2D plate, it was confirmed that the lubricating oil spreading in the lateral direction in the belt-like region spreads in the vertical direction, so that it wets and spreads in a wider region than the 1D plate. Moreover, as shown in FIG.8 (d), the 2D-groove plate supposing the oil groove spread more quickly in the horizontal direction than the 2D plate, and it spreads wet in the widest area.
以上より、溝に平行に形成された溝中央部の周期構造が潤滑油の溝方向の流れを先導し、溝に直交に形成された溝の両サイドの周期構造が溝外部への潤滑剤供給に寄与したものと考えられる。また、周期構造が油溝の幅方向周縁部外まで連通していることで、油溝から摺動面となる溝外部への潤滑剤の供給性が向上していることが確認された。 From the above, the periodic structure at the center of the groove formed parallel to the groove leads the flow of the lubricating oil in the groove direction, and the periodic structure on both sides of the groove formed orthogonal to the groove supplies lubricant to the outside of the groove. It is thought that it contributed to. Moreover, it was confirmed that the supply of the lubricant from the oil groove to the outside of the groove serving as the sliding surface is improved by the periodic structure communicating to the outside of the peripheral edge in the width direction of the oil groove.
２ 油溝
３ 幅方向周縁部
４ 斜面
５ 曲面
６ 周期構造
2 Oil groove 3 Width direction peripheral edge 4 Slope 5 Curved surface 6 Periodic structure
Claims (8)
前記油溝に、油溝の溝幅よりも周期間隔の狭いグレーティング状凹凸の周期構造が複数の配向方向で設けられていることを特徴とする摺動部材。 A sliding member having an oil groove that slides relative to the mating member under the presence of a lubricant,
A sliding member, wherein the oil groove is provided with a periodic structure of grating-like irregularities having a periodic interval narrower than the groove width of the oil groove in a plurality of orientation directions.
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| JPWO2004035255A1 (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2006-02-09 | Ｎｅｃマシナリー株式会社 | Periodic structure creation method and surface treatment method |
| US20080175524A1 (en) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-07-24 | Foxconn Technology Co., Ltd. | Rotatable member and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP2012007712A (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2012-01-12 | Canon Machinery Inc | Sliding surface structure |
| JP2015209898A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2015-11-24 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Journal bearing device and rotary machine including the same |
| JP2016200246A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2016-12-01 | キヤノンマシナリー株式会社 | Sliding surface structure and method of manufacturing sliding surface structure |
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| JPWO2004035255A1 (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2006-02-09 | Ｎｅｃマシナリー株式会社 | Periodic structure creation method and surface treatment method |
| US20080175524A1 (en) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-07-24 | Foxconn Technology Co., Ltd. | Rotatable member and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP2012007712A (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2012-01-12 | Canon Machinery Inc | Sliding surface structure |
| JP2015209898A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2015-11-24 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Journal bearing device and rotary machine including the same |
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| JP7455030B2 (en) | 2020-09-02 | 2024-03-25 | キヤノンマシナリー株式会社 | Rolling element structure and roller bearings |
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