JP2018171601A - Granular fiber spray nozzle, granular fiber spray device and granular fiber spray method - Google Patents
Granular fiber spray nozzle, granular fiber spray device and granular fiber spray method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、粒状繊維吹付けノズルに関する。詳しくは、吹付け時に発生する粉塵を抑制できる粒状繊維吹付けノズルに関する。また、本発明は、粒状繊維吹付け装置に関する。詳しくは、粒状繊維吹付け時に発生する粉塵を抑制できる粒状繊維吹付け装置に関する。また、本発明は、粒状繊維吹付け方法に関する。詳しくは、粒状繊維吹付け時に発生する粉塵量が少ない粒状繊維吹付け方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a granular fiber spray nozzle. Specifically, the present invention relates to a granular fiber spray nozzle that can suppress dust generated during spraying. The present invention also relates to a granular fiber spraying device. Specifically, the present invention relates to a granular fiber spraying device that can suppress dust generated when spraying granular fibers. The present invention also relates to a granular fiber spraying method. Specifically, the present invention relates to a granular fiber spraying method that generates a small amount of dust when spraying granular fibers.
耐火性、防火性、吸音性および／または断熱性などを付与する目的で、構造物表面にロックウールからなる繊維層を設けることが広く行われている。繊維層の形成には、ロックウールからなる粒状繊維（直径数mm〜数cmの繊維塊）および水を主成分とする凝集材を用いた吹付工法が用いられることも多い。ロックウール吹付工法としては、乾式工法、湿式工法、半乾式工法が知られている。乾式工法は、予め、ロックウール粒状繊維とセメントとを乾式混合した乾燥混合物（乾式混合物、以下「ロックウール・セメント混綿」ということがある。）をノズルから吐出し、これと同時にノズルの周縁に配置した複数個の噴水口より圧力水を噴射し、両者を混合吹付ける工法である。この乾式工法は、嵩比重が０．２〜０．３と軽量の被覆層を形成できるが、施工時にセメントやロックウールによる発塵が著しく、環境上の問題が指摘されている。湿式工法は、乾式工法の欠陥を改善する為になされたものである。この湿式工法は、主材のロックウール粒状繊維とセメントに界面活性剤と増粘剤を配合してなる吹付施工用被覆材を用い、これに水を加えたペーストを圧縮空気によりノズルから吹付ける方法である。この湿式工法は、浮遊粉塵の問題点は改善されたものの、形成される被覆層の嵩比重が０.４〜０.６と重く、乾式工法に比べてコストが高いという問題が指摘されている。 For the purpose of imparting fire resistance, fire resistance, sound absorption and / or heat insulation, it is widely performed to provide a fiber layer made of rock wool on the surface of a structure. For the formation of the fiber layer, a spraying method using a granular fiber (a fiber lump having a diameter of several mm to several cm) made of rock wool and an agglomerate mainly composed of water is often used. As the rock wool spraying method, a dry method, a wet method, and a semi-dry method are known. In the dry method, a dry mixture (dry mixture, hereinafter referred to as “rock wool / cement blended cotton”) in which rock wool granular fibers and cement are dry-mixed in advance is discharged from the nozzle, and at the same time, on the periphery of the nozzle. It is a construction method in which pressure water is injected from a plurality of arranged fountain ports and both are mixed and sprayed. Although this dry construction method can form a lightweight coating layer with a bulk specific gravity of 0.2 to 0.3, dust generation due to cement or rock wool is remarkable during construction, and environmental problems have been pointed out. The wet method is made in order to improve the defects of the dry method. This wet method uses a coating material for spraying construction, which is composed of a rock wool granular fiber and cement as a main material, and a surfactant and a thickener, and is sprayed with a compressed air from a nozzle. Is the method. Although this wet construction method has improved the problem of floating dust, the bulk specific gravity of the coating layer to be formed is as heavy as 0.4 to 0.6, and it is pointed out that the cost is higher than that of the dry construction method. .
半乾式工法は、予め、ロックウール粒状繊維とセメントとを混合しない工法である。半乾式工法において、ロックウール粒状繊維は、解繊機（解綿機）で解繊（解綿）・破砕され（細かく粒状（直径数mm〜数cm程度の繊維塊）にされ）、ロータリーバルブ等により定量的に送り出され、エアブロアによりホース内を圧送され、吹付ノズルに供給される。セメントはスラリー槽で水と混合されてセメントスラリーとされた後、スラリーポンプにより搬送パイプを通って吹付ノズルに供給される。そのセメントスラリーは、吹付ノズルの周縁から噴射されるか、或いは吹付ノズルの中心軸付近から噴射され、ロックウールと合流・混合し、ロックウールとセメント水和物からなる繊維層が形成される。半乾式工法によれば、浮遊粉塵が減少し、乾式工法に近い嵩比重の被覆層が形成できる。このようなことから、半乾式工法がロックウール吹付工法の主流となっている。半乾式工法は乾式工法に比べて吹付け施工時に発生する粉塵量を少なくできるものの、吹付け装置をコンパクトなものにし難いという問題がある。吹付け装置をコンパクトなものにし易いのは、ロックウール・セメント混綿を用いる乾式工法である。また、ポリスチレンフォームや硬質ウレタンフォーム等の発泡樹脂系断熱材に、半乾式工法で厚み３０mmでロックウールとセメント水和物からなる繊維層で被覆しても不燃性が不充分であり、半乾式工法で圧送するロックウールのみからなる粒状繊維をロックウール・セメント混綿に替えることで、厚み３０mmに形成した繊維層で充分な不燃性が得られることが本発明者等の検討により分かった（例えば特許文献１参照。）。そこで、ロックウール・セメント混綿を吹付けノズルまで輸送するロックウール吹付工法、即ち、混綿を用いる乾式工法又は半乾式工法のロックウール吹付工法であっても吹付け施工時に発生する粉塵を抑制できる技術が望まれていた。 The semi-dry method is a method in which rock wool granular fibers and cement are not mixed in advance. In the semi-dry construction method, rock wool granular fiber is defibrated (defatted) and crushed (finely granulated (fiber mass of several mm to several cm in diameter)) by a defibrating machine (cottoning machine), rotary valve, etc. The air is blown quantitatively by the air blower, is pumped through the hose by the air blower, and is supplied to the spray nozzle. Cement is mixed with water in a slurry tank to form cement slurry, and then supplied to the spray nozzle through a transport pipe by a slurry pump. The cement slurry is sprayed from the peripheral edge of the spray nozzle or sprayed from the vicinity of the central axis of the spray nozzle, and merges and mixes with rock wool to form a fiber layer composed of rock wool and cement hydrate. According to the semi-dry method, suspended dust is reduced, and a coating layer having a bulk specific gravity close to that of the dry method can be formed. For this reason, the semi-dry method has become the mainstream of the rock wool spray method. Although the semi-dry method can reduce the amount of dust generated during spraying compared to the dry method, there is a problem that it is difficult to make the spray device compact. It is the dry method using rock wool and cement blend that makes the spraying device compact. In addition, even if it is coated with a fiber layer made of rock wool and cement hydrate with a thickness of 30mm by a semi-dry construction method on foamed resin insulation such as polystyrene foam or rigid urethane foam, the non-flammability is insufficient. By examining the present inventors, it was found that sufficient nonflammability can be obtained with a fiber layer formed to a thickness of 30 mm by replacing granular fibers consisting only of rock wool pumped by the construction method with rock wool / cement mixed cotton (for example, (See Patent Document 1). Therefore, the rock wool spraying method that transports rock wool and cement blended cotton to the spray nozzle, that is, the technology that can suppress dust generated during spraying even in the dry wool method using mixed cotton or the semi-dry method rock wool spray method. Was desired.
繊維質等と水硬性無機質接着剤等を配合した材料を通す導管の先端外周に空気と水を一度に噴射する噴射孔を複数備える吹付けノズルを用いる方法が提案されている（例えば特許文献２又は３参照。）。また、吹付けノズル前側に複数の給水ノズルを、該給水ノズルから出る加圧された水の噴流の軸が吹付けノズルから出る混綿の噴流の軸線上で交叉するように環状に配置する技術が提案されている（例えば特許文献４参照。）。また、粒状繊維圧送管の中心軸に凝集材噴射口を配置し、該凝集材噴射口から圧縮空気とともに凝集材を粒状繊維圧送管内を通り粒状繊維噴射口より吐出される粒状繊維に噴射し合流混合させる技術も提案されている（例えば特許文献５参照。）。 There has been proposed a method using a spray nozzle provided with a plurality of injection holes for injecting air and water at the same time on the outer periphery of the end of a conduit through which a material containing fiber and hydraulic inorganic adhesive is passed (for example, Patent Document 2). Or see 3.) In addition, there is a technique in which a plurality of water supply nozzles are arranged in an annular shape in front of the spray nozzle so that the axis of the pressurized water jet flowing out of the water supply nozzle intersects the axis of the mixed cotton jet flowing out of the spray nozzle It has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 4). In addition, an agglomerated material injection port is arranged at the center axis of the granular fiber feed pipe, and the agglomerated material is injected from the agglomerated material injection port together with compressed air into the granular fiber discharged from the granular fiber injection port through the granular fiber pressure delivery tube. A technique of mixing has also been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 5).
本発明は、粒状繊維とセメントとを乾式混合した乾燥混合物（乾式混合物、以下「混綿」ということがある。）又は水を含む凝集材と混合前の粒状繊維を吹付けノズルまで輸送し該吹付けノズルの吐出口より噴射した乾式混合物又は乾燥粒状繊維に、上記吐出口の付近に配置した凝集材噴射口（凝集材噴射ノズル）より排出（噴射）される水を主要成分とする凝集材を合流混合させる吹付工法に用いたときに発生する粉塵が少ない粒状繊維吹付けノズル及び粒状繊維吹付け装置を提供することを目的とする。 In the present invention, a dry mixture obtained by dry-mixing granular fibers and cement (dry mixture, hereinafter sometimes referred to as “blend cotton”) or agglomerates containing water and the granular fibers before mixing are transported to a spray nozzle and the blown-out nozzles are mixed. An agglomerated material mainly composed of water discharged (injected) from an agglomerated material injection port (aggregated material injection nozzle) disposed in the vicinity of the discharge port on a dry mixture or dry granular fiber injected from the discharge port of the attachment nozzle An object of the present invention is to provide a granular fiber spraying nozzle and a granular fiber spraying device that generate less dust when used in a spraying method for mixing and mixing.
また、本発明は、粒状繊維吹付け時に発生する粉塵量を抑制できる粒状繊維吹付け方法、即ち、粒状繊維とセメントとの乾式混合物又は乾燥粒状繊維を吹付けノズルまで輸送し該吹付けノズルの吐出口より噴射した乾式混合物（混綿）又は乾燥粒状繊維に、上記吐出口の付近に配置した凝集材噴射口（凝集材噴射ノズル）より排出（噴射）される水を主要成分とする凝集材を合流混合させる粒状繊維吹付け方法において、発生する粉塵が少ない粒状繊維吹付け方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention also provides a granular fiber spraying method capable of suppressing the amount of dust generated when spraying granular fibers, i.e., transporting a dry mixture of granular fibers and cement or dry granular fibers to a spray nozzle and using the spray nozzle. An agglomerated material mainly composed of water discharged (injected) from an agglomerated material injection port (agglomerated material injection nozzle) disposed in the vicinity of the discharge port on a dry mixture (blend cotton) or dry granular fiber injected from the discharge port An object of the present invention is to provide a granular fiber spraying method that generates less dust in the combined granular fiber spraying method.
本発明者は、前記課題解決のため鋭意検討した結果、特定の粒状繊維吹付けノズルを用いることにより、上記課題を解決できることを見出し、本発明を完成させた。即ち、本発明は、以下の（１）又は（２）で表す粒状繊維吹付けノズル、（３）で表す粒状繊維吹付け装置、並びに（４）で表す粒状繊維吹付け方法である。
（１）粒状繊維噴射口を備える粒状繊維圧送管と、凝集材噴射口と、圧縮空気噴射口とを具備し、粒状繊維圧送管の中心軸に凝集材噴射口を配置し、粒状繊維噴射口の外周に複数の圧縮空気噴射口を配置してある粒状繊維吹付けノズル。
（２）上記圧縮空気噴射口が、該圧縮空気噴射口から噴射される圧縮空気の流れの中心軸と、粒状繊維圧送管の中心軸とが交差するように配置されている上記（１）の粒状繊維吹付けノズル。
（３）上記（１）又は（２）の粒状繊維吹付けノズルと、粒状繊維輸送装置と、凝集材輸送装置と、空気圧送装置とを具備し、粒状繊維輸送装置が粒状繊維吹付けノズルの粒状繊維圧送管に連通し、凝集材輸送装置が粒状繊維吹付けノズルの凝集材噴射口に連通し、更に空気圧送装置が粒状繊維吹付けノズルの圧縮空気噴射口に連通している粒状繊維吹付け装置。
（４）上記（３）の粒状繊維吹付け装置を用い、上記粒状繊維輸送装置により粒状繊維を圧送し粒状繊維吹付けノズルにおける粒状繊維圧送管の吐出口より吐出させた粒状繊維と、凝集材輸送装置により圧送し凝集材噴射口から噴射した凝集材とを、空気圧送装置により圧送され圧縮空気噴射口より噴射した圧縮空気とともに合流混合させて構造物に吹付けることを特徴とする粒状繊維吹付け方法。
As a result of intensive studies for solving the above problems, the present inventor found that the above problems can be solved by using a specific granular fiber spray nozzle, and completed the present invention. That is, the present invention is a granular fiber spray nozzle represented by the following (1) or (2), a granular fiber spray device represented by (3), and a granular fiber spray method represented by (4).
(1) A granular fiber injection pipe provided with a granular fiber injection port, an agglomerated material injection port, and a compressed air injection port. A granular fiber spray nozzle in which a plurality of compressed air injection ports are arranged on the outer periphery of the nozzle.
(2) In the above (1), the compressed air injection port is disposed so that the central axis of the flow of compressed air injected from the compressed air injection port intersects the central axis of the granular fiber pressure feed pipe Granular fiber spray nozzle.
(3) The above-mentioned (1) or (2) granular fiber spray nozzle, a granular fiber transport device, an agglomerated material transport device, and a pneumatic feed device, wherein the granular fiber transport device is a granular fiber spray nozzle. The granular fiber blower communicates with the granular fiber feed pipe, the aggregate transport device communicates with the aggregate jet port of the granular fiber spray nozzle, and the pneumatic feeder communicates with the compressed air jet port of the granular fiber spray nozzle. Attachment device.
(4) Using the granular fiber spraying device of (3) above, the granular fiber is pumped by the granular fiber transporting device and discharged from the discharge port of the granular fiber pumping tube in the granular fiber spraying nozzle, and the aggregate The granular fiber blowing is characterized in that the agglomerated material pumped by the transportation device and injected from the agglomerated material injection port is mixed and mixed with the compressed air injected by the pneumatic feeding device and injected from the compressed air injection port and sprayed onto the structure. Attaching method.
本発明によれば、粒状繊維吹付け時に発生する粉塵量が少ない粒状繊維吹付けノズル及び粒状繊維吹付け装置が得られる。本発明によれば、吹付けノズルまで輸送し該吹付けノズルの吐出口より噴射した乾式混合物又は乾燥粒状繊維に、上記吐出口の付近に配置した凝集材噴射口（凝集材噴射ノズル）より排出（噴射）される水を主要成分とする凝集材を合流混合させる吹付工法に用いたときに発生する粉塵が少ない粒状繊維吹付けノズル及び粒状繊維吹付け装置が得られる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the granular fiber spray nozzle and granular fiber spraying apparatus with few dusts generated at the time of granular fiber spraying are obtained. According to the present invention, the dry mixture or dry granular fiber transported to the spray nozzle and sprayed from the spray nozzle discharges from the agglomerated material spray port (aggregate spray nozzle) arranged near the discharge port. A granular fiber spraying nozzle and a granular fiber spraying device that produce less dust when used in a spraying method in which agglomerated materials containing water as a main component are jetted together are obtained.
また、本発明によれば、粒状繊維吹付け時に発生する粉塵量を抑制できる粒状繊維吹付け方法が得られる。本発明によれば、粒状繊維とセメントとの乾式混合物を吹付けノズルまで輸送し該吹付けノズルの吐出口より噴射した乾式混合物（混綿）又は乾燥粒状繊維に、上記吐出口の付近に配置した凝集材噴射口（凝集材噴射ノズル）より排出（噴射）される水を主要成分とする凝集材を合流混合させる粒状繊維吹付け方法において、発生する粉塵が少ない粒状繊維吹付け方法が得られる。 Moreover, according to this invention, the granular fiber spraying method which can suppress the dust amount generate | occur | produced at the time of granular fiber spraying is obtained. According to the present invention, a dry mixture of granular fibers and cement is transported to a spray nozzle, and is placed in the vicinity of the discharge port in a dry mixture (mixed cotton) or dry granular fiber sprayed from the discharge port of the spray nozzle. In the granular fiber spraying method in which the aggregated material mainly containing water discharged (injected) from the aggregated material injection port (aggregated material injection nozzle) is mixed and mixed, a granular fiber spraying method with less generated dust is obtained.
本発明によれば、粒状繊維吹付け時に発生する粉塵量を抑制できるので、粒状繊維吹付け作業が行い易く、保護具の簡素化、清掃作業の軽減又は省略等が図られ、施工効率の向上も望める。 According to the present invention, since the amount of dust generated when spraying granular fibers can be suppressed, it is easy to perform granular fiber spraying work, simplification of protective equipment, reduction or omission of cleaning work, etc., and improvement of construction efficiency. Can also hope.
本発明の粒状繊維吹付けノズルは、粒状繊維噴射口を備える粒状繊維圧送管と、凝集材噴射口と、圧縮空気噴射口とを具備し、粒状繊維圧送管の中心軸に凝集材噴射口を配置し、粒状繊維噴射口の外周（外縁）に複数の圧縮空気噴射口を配置してある特徴とする。上記粒状繊維圧送管は、粒状繊維噴射口を備えており、少なくともこの粒状繊維噴射口付近１０cm程度は直線状であることが好ましく、より好ましくは粒状繊維噴射口から２０cm以上を直線状（ストレート管）としてあることがより好ましく、粒状繊維圧送管すべてをストレート管としてあることが最も好ましい。粒状繊維圧送管の粒状繊維噴射口の反対側（対向する側）の開口部は、粒状繊維輸送装置と連通する輸送管を接続する。粒状繊維輸送装置により圧送されてきた粒状繊維は、粒状繊維圧送管内を通り、粒状繊維噴射口より吐出（噴射）される。 The granular fiber spray nozzle of the present invention comprises a granular fiber pressure feed pipe having a granular fiber injection port, an aggregate material injection port, and a compressed air injection port. A plurality of compressed air injection ports are arranged on the outer periphery (outer edge) of the granular fiber injection port. The granular fiber pumping pipe has a granular fiber injection port, and at least about 10 cm in the vicinity of the granular fiber injection port is preferably linear, and more preferably 20 cm or more from the granular fiber injection port is straight (straight pipe). It is more preferable that all the granular fiber pressure-feed pipes are straight pipes. The opening on the opposite side (opposite side) of the granular fiber injection port of the granular fiber pressure feed pipe connects a transport pipe communicating with the granular fiber transport device. The granular fibers that have been pumped by the granular fiber transport device pass through the granular fiber pumping tube and are discharged (injected) from the granular fiber injection port.
上記凝集材噴射口は、粒状繊維圧送管の中心軸に配置してあり、凝集材噴射口より噴射される凝集材が、粒状繊維噴射口より粒状繊維が吐出される方向に向けて配置されていることが好ましい。この凝集材噴射口は、凝集材用パイプの先端開口部とすることが好ましい。この凝集材用パイプは、粒状繊維圧送管の外側より内側に挿入されて、凝集材噴射口が上記位置になるように凝集材用パイプを固定してある。この固定は、吹付け施工時に固定されていればよく、粒状繊維噴射口と凝集材噴射口との距離を調整可能な構造としておいてもよい。凝集材用パイプは、凝集材輸送装置と連通しており、更にコンプレッサー等の空気圧送装置と連通していてもよい。凝集材用パイプに空気圧送装置が連通していると、凝集材噴射口より圧縮空気とともに凝集材が噴射されると、より粉塵量が低減できることから好ましい。 The agglomerated material injection port is arranged at the center axis of the granular fiber feeding pipe, and the agglomerated material injected from the agglomerated material injection port is arranged in the direction in which the granular fiber is discharged from the granular fiber injection port. Preferably it is. This agglomerated material injection port is preferably a tip opening of the agglomerated material pipe. The agglomerate pipe is inserted from the outside to the inside of the granular fiber feed pipe, and the agglomerate pipe is fixed so that the agglomerate injection port is in the above position. This fixing is not limited as long as it is fixed at the time of spraying, and may be a structure in which the distance between the granular fiber injection port and the aggregated material injection port can be adjusted. The aggregate material pipe communicates with the aggregate material transport device, and may further communicate with a pneumatic feeding device such as a compressor. It is preferable that the pneumatic feeding device communicates with the aggregate material pipe because the amount of dust can be further reduced when the aggregate material is injected together with the compressed air from the aggregate material injection port.
上記圧縮空気噴射口は、粒状繊維噴射口の外周に複数配置する。圧縮空気噴射口と粒状繊維圧送管との距離は、粒状繊維圧送管の直径以内の距離とすることが好ましい。上記縮空気噴射口の数は、２〜２０個が好ましく、より好ましくは３〜８個である。縮空気噴射口は、圧縮空気を噴射する噴射孔であり、この噴射孔と凝集材輸送装置と空気圧送装置に連通する。空気圧送装置より圧送された圧縮空気が、圧縮空気噴射口より噴射される。当該粒状繊維圧送管の中心軸に対して圧縮空気噴射口より排出される圧縮空気の流れの中心軸がなす角度θが１〜３０°の範囲内である必要がある。粒状繊維圧送管の先端部の吐出口より噴射される粒状繊維の流れの中心軸は粒状繊維圧送管の中心軸と一致する。また、圧縮空気噴射口（圧縮空気噴射ノズル）の噴射孔が直線の孔の場合は、噴射孔の中心軸と、凝圧縮空気噴射口より排出される圧縮空気の流れの中心軸は一致する。上記角度θが１〜３０°の範囲内であると、噴射された粒状繊維により発生する粉塵を、圧縮空気の噴流により、粒状繊維に合流混合させることができ粉塵が低減する。上記角度θが１°未満の場合は粒状繊維と合流混合が不充分となり粉塵が低減されない虞がある。また、上記角度θが３０°を超える場合も粉塵が充分に低減しない。より好ましい上記角度θは、１．２〜２０°で、更に好ましくは１．４〜１０°とする。また、状繊維圧送管の先端部の吐出口より噴射される粒状繊維の流れの中心軸、即ち粒状繊維圧送管の中心軸と、圧縮空気の流れの中心軸との交点と、状繊維圧送管の吐出口との距離（交点距離）が３００〜１２００mmとなるように、各圧縮空気噴射口を配置することが好ましい。圧縮空気噴射口より圧縮空気に替えて、水又は凝集材を噴出させることも考えられるが、凝集材噴射口から噴射される凝集材とのバランスを取ることが困難で吹付けられた繊維層の品質を安定させ難い。 A plurality of the compressed air injection ports are arranged on the outer periphery of the granular fiber injection port. The distance between the compressed air injection port and the granular fiber pressure feed pipe is preferably a distance within the diameter of the granular fiber pressure feed pipe. The number of the compressed air injection ports is preferably 2 to 20, and more preferably 3 to 8. The compressed air injection port is an injection hole that injects compressed air, and communicates with the injection hole, the aggregate transporting device, and the pneumatic feeding device. The compressed air pumped from the pneumatic feeder is jetted from the compressed air jet port. The angle θ formed by the central axis of the flow of compressed air discharged from the compressed air injection port with respect to the central axis of the granular fiber pressure feed pipe needs to be within a range of 1 to 30 °. The central axis of the flow of the granular fiber injected from the discharge port at the tip of the granular fiber pumping tube coincides with the central axis of the granular fiber pumping tube. When the injection hole of the compressed air injection port (compressed air injection nozzle) is a straight hole, the central axis of the injection hole and the central axis of the flow of compressed air discharged from the condensed compressed air injection port coincide. When the angle θ is in the range of 1 to 30 °, the dust generated by the injected granular fibers can be mixed and mixed with the granular fibers by the jet of compressed air, and the dust is reduced. When the angle θ is less than 1 °, the mixed mixing with the granular fibers is insufficient, and there is a possibility that the dust is not reduced. Also, dust is not sufficiently reduced when the angle θ exceeds 30 °. The angle θ is more preferably 1.2 to 20 °, and further preferably 1.4 to 10 °. In addition, the center axis of the flow of the granular fiber injected from the discharge port at the tip of the shape fiber pressure feed pipe, that is, the intersection of the center axis of the granular fiber pressure feed pipe and the center axis of the flow of compressed air, and the shape fiber pressure feed pipe It is preferable to arrange each compressed air injection port so that the distance (intersection distance) to the discharge port is 300 to 1200 mm. It is conceivable that water or agglomerated material is ejected from the compressed air injection port in place of the compressed air, but it is difficult to balance the agglomerated material injected from the agglomerated material injection port and the sprayed fiber layer It is difficult to stabilize the quality.
本発明において、粒状繊維とは、直径数mm〜数cm程度の繊維塊、好ましくは直径５mm〜５cmの繊維塊であり、その材質としては無機繊維、有機繊維及び無機繊維と有機繊維の混合物でもよく、好ましくは耐火性又は不燃性を得易いので無機繊維であり、より好ましくは鉱物繊維である。最も好ましくはロックウールである。本発明において、ロックウールは、溶融炉で溶融された岩石や高炉スラグ等を主体とする材料が、急冷されながら、繊維化された素材（鉱物繊維）である。例えば、高炉スラグを主体とする材料より製造されたスラグウールなども含まれる。前記ロックウールは、繊維化された鉱物繊維を集めただけの原綿を解綿機等で細かくした粒状ロックウールを好適に用いることができる。原綿を用いる場合は、輸送前に解綿機等で細かくして用いる。粒状ロックウールは、ロックウールの原綿を解砕、解綿、切断、分級（例えば、篩い分け）、造粒などの工程の一種又は二種以上の組み合わせにより得られる。斯かるロックウールが用いられた場合、熱がロックウールを被覆する下地に伝わり難い。本発明の粒状繊維としては、セメントとの乾式混合物が、形成する繊維層が耐火性又は不燃性を得易いことから好ましい。 In the present invention, the granular fiber is a fiber lump having a diameter of several millimeters to several centimeters, preferably a fiber lump having a diameter of 5 mm to 5 cm, and the material thereof may be inorganic fibers, organic fibers, and a mixture of inorganic fibers and organic fibers. Of these, inorganic fibers are preferable because fire resistance or incombustibility is easily obtained, and mineral fibers are more preferable. Most preferred is rock wool. In the present invention, rock wool is a material (mineral fiber) that is made into a fiber while quenching a material mainly composed of rocks, blast furnace slag and the like melted in a melting furnace. For example, slag wool manufactured from a material mainly composed of blast furnace slag is also included. As the rock wool, it is possible to suitably use granular rock wool obtained by thinning raw cotton obtained by collecting fiberized mineral fibers with a defatting machine or the like. If raw cotton is used, it should be finely chopped with a cotton removal machine before transportation. The granular rock wool is obtained by one or a combination of two or more processes such as pulverization, defatting, cutting, classification (for example, sieving), granulation, and the like. When such rock wool is used, it is difficult for heat to be transferred to the base material covering the rock wool. As the granular fiber of the present invention, a dry mixture with cement is preferable because the fiber layer to be formed easily obtains fire resistance or incombustibility.
本発明における凝集材としては、水、水溶液、無機質スラリー及び樹脂エマルション並びに無機質含有樹脂エマルション（樹脂含有無機質スラリー）が好適な例として挙げられ、より好ましい例としては水、水溶液、セメントスラリー及び合成樹脂エマルション（ポリマー）並びにセメント含有樹脂エマルション（樹脂含有セメントスラリー）が挙げられる。本発明に用いるセメントとしては、普通ポルトランドセメント、早強ポルトランドセメント、白色ポルトランドセメント等の各種ポルトランドセメント、エコセメント、アルミナセメント、フライアッシュセメントや高炉セメント等の混合セメント、超速硬セメント等の急硬性セメント等の水硬性セメントが挙げられる。また、本発明の凝集材に用いる樹脂エマルションとしては、スチレン・ブタジエン共重合体、クロロプレンゴム、アクリロニトリル・ブタジエン共重合体又はメチルメタクリレート・ブタジエン共重合体等の合成ゴム、天然ゴム、ポリエチレンやポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン、ポリクロロピレン、ポリアクリル酸エステル、スチレン・アクリル共重合体、オールアクリル共重合体、ポリ酢酸ビニル、酢酸ビニル・アクリル共重合体、酢酸ビニル・アクリル酸エステル共重合体、変性酢酸ビニル、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン・酢酸ビニル・塩化ビニル共重合体、酢酸ビニルビニルバーサテート共重合体、アクリル・酢酸ビニル・ベオバ（ｔ‐デカン酸ビニルの商品名）共重合体等の酢酸ビニル系樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、アルキド樹脂及びエポキシ樹脂等の合成樹脂、アスファルト及びゴムアスファルト等の瀝青質等のエマルションが挙げられる。 As the aggregating material in the present invention, water, an aqueous solution, an inorganic slurry and a resin emulsion, and an inorganic-containing resin emulsion (resin-containing inorganic slurry) are preferable examples, and more preferable examples are water, an aqueous solution, a cement slurry, and a synthetic resin. Examples include emulsions (polymers) and cement-containing resin emulsions (resin-containing cement slurries). As cement used in the present invention, various Portland cements such as ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, white Portland cement, eco-cement, alumina cement, mixed cement such as fly ash cement and blast furnace cement, and rapid hardening such as super fast cement Examples thereof include hydraulic cement such as cement. Examples of the resin emulsion used in the aggregate of the present invention include styrene / butadiene copolymer, chloroprene rubber, acrylonitrile / butadiene copolymer or synthetic rubber such as methyl methacrylate / butadiene copolymer, natural rubber, polyethylene, polypropylene, and the like. Polyolefin, polychloropyrene, polyacrylate, styrene / acrylic copolymer, all acrylic copolymer, polyvinyl acetate, vinyl acetate / acrylic copolymer, vinyl acetate / acrylic acid ester copolymer, modified vinyl acetate, Acetic acid such as ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene / vinyl acetate / vinyl chloride copolymer, vinyl acetate vinyl versatate copolymer, acrylic / vinyl acetate / veova (trade name of vinyl t-decanoate) Vinyl resin, unsaturated polyester Fat, polyurethane resins, alkyd resins and synthetic resins such as epoxy resins, emulsions of bituminous such as asphalt and rubber asphalt.
本発明の粒状繊維吹付け装置は、上記の粒状繊維吹付けノズルと、粒状繊維輸送装置と、凝集材輸送装置と、空気圧送装置とを具備し、粒状繊維輸送装置が粒状繊維吹付けノズルの粒状繊維圧送管に連通し、凝集材輸送装置が粒状繊維吹付けノズルの凝集材噴射口に連通し、更に空気圧送装置が粒状繊維吹付けノズルの圧縮空気噴射口に連通している。 The granular fiber spraying device of the present invention comprises the above-described granular fiber spraying nozzle, a granular fiber transporting device, an agglomerated material transporting device, and a pneumatic feeding device, and the granular fiber transporting device is a granular fiber spraying nozzle. An agglomerated material transporting device communicates with the agglomerated material injection port of the granular fiber spray nozzle, and a pneumatic feeding device communicates with the compressed air injection port of the granular fiber spraying nozzle.
粒状繊維吹付けノズルの粒状繊維圧送管は、粒状繊維輸送装置と連通している。この粒状繊維輸送装置は、粒状繊維用定量供給装置と、送風機（ブロア）と、材料圧送ホース（マテリアルホース）とを具備し、粒状繊維用定量供給装置としては解綿機を用いることもできる。この場合、解綿機は、パッキングにより圧縮されている粒状繊維を解しながら粒状繊維の圧送経路内に定量供給する。送風機（ブロア）と、粒状繊維用定量供給装置と、材料圧送ホース（マテリアルホース）と、粒状繊維吹付けノズルの粒状繊維圧送管は連通している。圧送経路内に定量供給された粒状繊維は、送風機（ブロア）より送られる空気により、材料圧送ホース内を通り、粒状繊維吹付けノズルの粒状繊維圧送管に送られ、該粒状繊維圧送管の先端部の吐出口より噴射される。 The granular fiber feed pipe of the granular fiber spray nozzle communicates with the granular fiber transport device. This granular fiber transport device includes a granular fiber constant supply device, a blower (blower), and a material pressure feeding hose (material hose), and a flocculant machine can be used as the granular fiber constant supply device. In this case, the cotton-tapping machine supplies a fixed amount of powder into the pressure-feed path of the granular fiber while unwinding the granular fiber compressed by the packing. The blower (blower), the granular fiber constant supply device, the material pressure feed hose (material hose), and the granular fiber pressure feed pipe of the granular fiber spray nozzle communicate with each other. The granular fiber supplied in a constant amount in the pressure feeding path passes through the material pressure hose by the air sent from the blower (blower), and is sent to the granular fiber pressure feeding pipe of the granular fiber blowing nozzle, and the tip of the granular fiber pressure feeding pipe It is ejected from the discharge port of the part.
また、空気圧送装置より圧縮空気噴射口に圧送される圧縮空気の圧力が０．１〜２ＭＰａの範囲内であると粉塵の発生の抑制効果に優れることから好ましい。空気圧送装置より圧縮空気噴射口に圧送（供給）される圧縮空気の圧力は、０．１〜１．５ＭＰａが好ましく、０．２〜１．０ＭＰａとすることがより好ましい。空気圧送装置としては、コンプレッサーが安定した圧力で連続して圧縮空気を圧送できることから好ましい。 In addition, it is preferable that the pressure of the compressed air fed from the pneumatic feeder to the compressed air injection port is in the range of 0.1 to 2 MPa because the effect of suppressing the generation of dust is excellent. 0.1-1.5 MPa is preferable and, as for the pressure of the compressed air pressure-fed (supplied) to a compressed-air injection port from a pneumatic feeder, it is more preferable to set it as 0.2-1.0 MPa. As the pneumatic feeding device, it is preferable because the compressor can continuously feed the compressed air at a stable pressure.
本発明の粒状繊維吹付け方法は、上記の粒状繊維吹付け装置を用い、上記粒状繊維輸送装置により粒状繊維を圧送し粒状繊維吹付けノズルにおける粒状繊維圧送管の吐出口より吐出させた粒状繊維と、凝集材輸送装置により圧送し凝集材噴射口から噴射した凝集材とを、空気圧送装置により圧送され圧縮空気噴射口より噴射した圧縮空気とともに合流混合させて構造物に吹付けることを特徴とする。 The granular fiber spraying method of the present invention uses the above-described granular fiber spraying device, and the granular fiber is pumped by the granular fiber transporting device and discharged from the discharge port of the granular fiber pumping tube in the granular fiber spraying nozzle. And agglomerated material pumped by the agglomerated material transporting device and injected from the agglomerated material injection port together with the compressed air injected by the pneumatic feeding device and injected from the compressed air injection port, and sprayed onto the structure. To do.
以下に、本発明を実施例を基に説明をするが、本発明はその実施例に限定されない。図１に本発明の粒状繊維吹付けノズルの一例の模式的な断面図を示した。また、図２に、本発明の粒状繊維吹付けノズルを用いた粒状繊維吹付け装置の一例の模式図を示した。混綿１１を解綿機１０に投入し、解すとともに粒状繊維の圧送経路内に定量供給する。圧送経路内に入った粒状繊維は、ブロア１２より経路内に送られる空気によりマテリアルホース９内を通り、粒状繊維吹付けノズル１の粒状繊維圧送管２内に送られ、粒状繊維噴射口（吐出口）２２より射出される。凝集材１３が入った凝集材貯留槽８と吸引ホースで連通するポンプ７により凝集材用ホース内を通り、粒状繊維吹付けノズル１に挿入されている凝集材用パイプ２１に凝集材１３が圧送される。また、コンプレッサー６（空気圧送装置）により、粒状繊維吹付けノズル１の圧縮空気用耐圧ホース取り付け部２３に取り付けた耐圧ホースを通り、圧縮空気噴射ノズル１４の噴出孔（圧縮空気噴射口）１５に圧縮空気が圧送される。噴出孔（圧縮空気噴射口）１５は、圧縮空気用耐圧ホース取り付け部２３とは別の耐圧ホース取り付け部２４にも連通しているが、図１及び図２では図示していないが別の耐圧ホース取り付け部２４の先は栓で閉じてある。コンプレッサー６（空気圧送装置）で送られる圧縮空気は、耐圧ホースの途中で分岐させ、一部が凝集材用ホース内に送られ、凝集材とともに凝集材用パイプ２１を通り、凝集材噴射口３より噴出（吐出）する。この圧縮空気とともに噴出（吐出）した凝集材１３が、粒状繊維噴射口（吐出口）２２より射出された粒状繊維と、粒状繊維吹付けノズル１の先で合流混合する。粒状繊維噴射口（吐出口）２２より射出された粒状繊維の細かい一部（セメント等の粉末が含まれる場合はその一部）がそのままでは粉塵となるが、噴出孔（圧縮空気噴射口）１５より噴射される圧縮空気の流れにより、粒状繊維と凝集材との合流混合物に更に合流混合することで、発生する粉塵が抑制されるものと考えられる。その合流混合物が構造物の表面に吹付けられ、繊維層を形成する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples. FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of an example of the granular fiber spray nozzle of the present invention. Moreover, the schematic diagram of an example of the granular fiber spraying apparatus using the granular fiber spray nozzle of this invention was shown in FIG. The blended cotton 11 is put into the cotton removal machine 10 and is unwound and supplied in a fixed amount into the granular fiber pumping path. The granular fiber that has entered the pressure feeding path passes through the material hose 9 by the air sent from the blower 12 into the path, and is sent into the granular fiber pressure feeding pipe 2 of the granular fiber spray nozzle 1 to be blown into the granular fiber injection port (discharge port). It is injected from the exit 22). The agglomerated material 13 is pumped to the agglomerated material pipe 21 inserted in the granular fiber spray nozzle 1 through the agglomerated material hose by the pump 7 communicated with the agglomerated material storage tank 8 by the suction hose. Is done. In addition, the compressor 6 (pneumatic feeder) passes through the pressure hose attached to the compressed air pressure hose attachment portion 23 of the granular fiber blowing nozzle 1 to the ejection hole (compressed air injection port) 15 of the compressed air injection nozzle 14. Compressed air is pumped. The ejection hole (compressed air injection port) 15 communicates with a pressure hose attachment 24 different from the pressure hose attachment 23 for compressed air, but is not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 but has a different pressure resistance. The tip of the hose attachment 24 is closed with a stopper. The compressed air sent by the compressor 6 (pneumatic feeding device) is branched in the middle of the pressure-resistant hose, and a part thereof is sent into the agglomerate hose, passes through the agglomerate pipe 21 together with the agglomerate, and the agglomerate injection port 3. More ejected (discharged). The agglomerated material 13 ejected (discharged) together with the compressed air merges and mixes with the granular fiber injected from the granular fiber injection port (discharge port) 22 at the tip of the granular fiber spray nozzle 1. The fine part of the granular fiber injected from the granular fiber injection port (discharge port) 22 (part of the powder when cement or the like is included) becomes dust as it is, but the injection hole (compressed air injection port) 15 It is thought that the dust which generate | occur | produces is suppressed by further merging and mixing with the merging mixture of a granular fiber and an aggregate with the flow of the compressed air injected more. The combined mixture is sprayed onto the surface of the structure to form a fiber layer.
本発明は、吹付けロックウール等に好適に用いることができ、粒状繊維、セメント水和物からなる繊維層を発生する粉塵を抑制しながら構築することができ、耐火被覆構造物、不燃構造物又は断熱性構造物の構築に好適に使用することができる。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be suitably used for sprayed rock wool and the like, and can be constructed while suppressing dust that generates a fiber layer composed of granular fibers and cement hydrate. Or it can use suitably for construction of a heat insulation structure.
１ 粒状繊維吹付けノズル
２ 粒状繊維圧送管
３ 凝集材噴射口
４ 圧縮空気の噴流
５ 粒状繊維の噴流
６ コンプレッサー（空気圧送装置）
７ ポンプ
８ 凝集材貯留槽
９ マテリアルホース
１０ 解綿機
１１ 混綿
１２ ブロア
１４ 圧縮空気噴射ノズル
１５ 噴出孔（圧縮空気噴射口）
１６ 圧縮空気の流れの中心軸
１７ 粒状繊維圧送管の中心軸
１８ 交点
１９ 粒状繊維圧送管の中心軸と、圧縮空気噴射口から噴射される圧縮空気の流れの中心軸とがなす角θ
２０ 粒状繊維吹付け装置
２１ 凝集材用パイプ
２２ 粒状繊維噴射口（吐出口）
２３ 圧縮空気用耐圧ホース取り付け部
２４ 別の耐圧ホース取り付け部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Granular fiber spray nozzle 2 Granular fiber pumping pipe 3 Aggregate injection port 4 Jet of compressed air 5 Jet of granular fiber 6 Compressor (pneumatic feeder)
7 Pump 8 Agglomerated material storage tank 9 Material hose 10 Cotton removal machine 11 Cotton blend 12 Blower 14 Compressed air injection nozzle 15 Ejection hole (compressed air injection port)
16 Central axis of compressed air flow 17 Central axis of granular fiber feed pipe 18 Intersection 19 Angle θ formed by the central axis of the granular fiber feed pipe and the central axis of the flow of compressed air injected from the compressed air injection port
20 Granular Fiber Spraying Device 21 Aggregate Pipe 22 Granular Fiber Injection Port (Discharge Port)
23 Pressure hose attachment part for compressed air 24 Another pressure hose attachment part
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5335169U (en) * | 1976-08-30 | 1978-03-28 | ||
| JPS5476379U (en) * | 1977-11-10 | 1979-05-30 | ||
| JPS6235654U (en) * | 1985-08-14 | 1987-03-03 | ||
| US4923121A (en) * | 1988-10-18 | 1990-05-08 | International Cellulose, Inc. | Spray nozzle and methods |
| JPH06128005A (en) * | 1992-10-21 | 1994-05-10 | Ask:Kk | Construction working with anti-firing spray-coating composition |
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2017
- 2017-03-31 JP JP2017073219A patent/JP6839589B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5335169U (en) * | 1976-08-30 | 1978-03-28 | ||
| JPS5476379U (en) * | 1977-11-10 | 1979-05-30 | ||
| JPS6235654U (en) * | 1985-08-14 | 1987-03-03 | ||
| US4923121A (en) * | 1988-10-18 | 1990-05-08 | International Cellulose, Inc. | Spray nozzle and methods |
| JPH06128005A (en) * | 1992-10-21 | 1994-05-10 | Ask:Kk | Construction working with anti-firing spray-coating composition |
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| JP6839589B2 (en) | 2021-03-10 |
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