JP2018171055A - Mushroom cultivation medium and production method of the same, cultivation method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mushroom cultivation medium combining a cultivation medium base material made of paper or paper-making refuse with charcoal and a mushroom nutrient material in which the cultivation medium base has stable and excellent water holding property, and air permeability regardless of difference of raw material and quality of paper, or paper-making refuse.SOLUTION: A mushroom cultivation medium base material made of paper or paper-making refuse is combined with a mushroom nutrient material and charcoal. The mushroom cultivation medium base material is fiberized into a cotton-like state by a high speed rotary crusher. Moreover, the cotton-like mushroom cultivation medium base material is formed into a pellet state. Water resistance of the pellet is improved by being combined with charcoal to easily adjust percentage of water content and improve air permeability so that yield of the mushroom and quality is improved, and transportation, preservation, and handling becomes easier.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a medium for mushroom cultivation using as a base material a paper or a paper-making koji made in the paper making process as a base material, a production method thereof, and a mushroom using the medium for mushroom cultivation It relates to the cultivation method.

  As a medium substrate for conventional mushroom fungus bed cultivation, hardwood or coniferous sawdust has been used. Moreover, the method of utilizing the paper which has a cellulose fiber as a main component as a culture medium for mushroom cultivation was also examined (for example, refer patent document 1, 2).

  Furthermore, in the papermaking process in a paper mill, a method of using dried and pulverized paper mills that flowed along with wastewater as a culture medium substrate for mushroom cultivation was also examined (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

JP-A-64-39911 JP-A-7-203761 JP-A-6-62663

  In the method using the paper mainly composed of cellulose fibers as described above as a medium base material for mushroom cultivation, a mushroom yield equivalent to or higher than that of conventional sawdust cultivation is shown. However, the shape, specific gravity, water absorption, cellulose fiber length, etc. of the paper used as the raw material for the medium are different depending on the raw material, quality, and type of the paper. There was a problem that the physical properties of the medium were different, and the yield and quality of the mushrooms and mushrooms were not constant (first problem).

  In addition, there is also shown a method in which a paper mill that flows out together with waste water is dried and pulverized into flakes and used as a culture medium substrate for mushroom cultivation in a papermaking process in a paper mill. As described above, paper mills also have physical differences due to differences in raw materials and quality. Moreover, a small piece of papermaking straw, for example, a flaky substrate, tends to be a non-porous nodule or sheet in the process of adjusting the water content by adding water to the culture medium for mushroom cultivation, and the gap is extremely reduced. For this reason, there is a problem of adversely affecting the growth of mycelia because of the problem of air permeability necessary for the growth of mycelia (second problem).

  Furthermore, in the process of adding nutrients to the culture medium for mushroom cultivation, there is a problem in uniform mixing with the nutrients because it is in the form of a sheet in the case of paper and in the form of flakes in the case of papermaking (third Task).

  In addition, when the nutrient powder contains water, it becomes agglomerated and easily localized, which causes clogging of the medium. Therefore, there is a problem that the mixing ratio of the base material and the nutrient material is extremely limited due to clogging, which greatly affects the hyphal elongation rate and the amount of mushrooms generated (fourth problem).

  The raw material of the paper is pulp or waste paper, but a large amount of papermaking cake is generated in any papermaking process. Part of this industrial waste is treated as papermaking sludge ash. This process, like many disposal processes, requires a large expense. Therefore, effective utilization of this waste has been studied for many years. As one of them, use as a medium base material for mushroom cultivation was mentioned. However, since a fundamental solution to the above problem has not been made, a method of utilizing paper and papermaking straw as a culture medium for mushroom cultivation has not been put into practical use.

  The present invention is intended to solve the problems of mushroom cultivation consisting of such conventionally studied paper and papermaking rice cake produced in the papermaking process, and a piece of paper or papermaking rice cake that requires a large expense for disposal. An object of the present invention is to provide a mushroom cultivation medium that is effective, convenient, efficient, and productive for practical use, and to realize a mushroom cultivation method.

  Specifically, the culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to the present invention is characterized in that it contains fiberized papermaking straw and charcoal and is formed into a pellet.

  The operation of the above solution is as follows. That is, the paper or papermaking machine having different physical properties is pulverized and returned to the cellulose fiber-like state before the papermaking process, so that the effect of uniformizing different types of paper or papermaking machine is achieved (Solution of the first problem) ).

  Moreover, pelletization of this base material becomes easy by fiberizing. The reason for this is that, compared with the prior art in which the base material is in the form of small pieces or fine powders, entanglement between the fibers tends to occur and the pelletization becomes easy. The flat die method is suitable among the three types of paper or papermaking pellets. In this method, a pressure roller is rotated on a disk-shaped die provided with a forming hole, and the material is pressed into a hole of the die while being crushed by the roller, and compression / extrusion molding is performed.

  In this extrusion molding process, if it is a fine powder, it will fall without being molded from the hole of the disk-shaped die. Furthermore, depending on the shape of a piece of paper or paper candy and the water content, the paper is stretched between the die and the pressure roller, the base material becomes a sheet, and the pressure roller idles on the sheet to form a die hole. There was a problem that the substrate was clogged without being extruded. However, by making the base material into a cotton-like fiber, the base material can be easily pelletized if it is a base material other than a suspension.

  Moreover, in the culture medium adjustment of the mushroom cultivation by the above-mentioned pellet base material, it is necessary to adjust the moisture content of the culture medium by adding water. At this stage, the base material in the form of small pieces or fine powder absorbs a large amount of water and swells, and the shape of the pellet tends to collapse and become powdery. In particular, when a short fiber substrate of pulp fibers is used, the shape of the pellet is broken by water addition. However, when the base material is made of cotton-like fibers, the pressure-granulated pellets are prevented from excessive swelling due to water absorption due to the entanglement between the cellulose fibers, and the shape can be maintained.

  Moreover, the water resistance of the pellet is significantly improved by adding charcoal, for example, charcoal, bamboo charcoal, or activated carbon, when the base material is pelletized. The pellet produced by adding charcoal maintains the shape of the pellet throughout the mushroom cultivation period. Furthermore, when the pellet absorbs water appropriately, it swells appropriately, so that a large number of cracks are generated, and narrow pores can be formed inside the pellet (solution of the second problem).

  Moreover, the culture medium for mushroom cultivation which concerns on this invention is granulated and pelletized. When the culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to the present invention is pelletized, voids are created between the culture media (pellets) when the culture media are packed in the cultivation container, and pores are created inside the culture media (pellets). These two types of gaps, that is, the gap between the medium (pellet) and the pores generated inside the medium (pellet), can ensure the air permeability and appropriate water retention necessary for the cultivation of mushroom mycelium. A favorable culture environment can be achieved for cultivation (solution of the fourth problem).

  Moreover, you may mix a nutrient in the culture medium for mushroom cultivation which concerns on this invention. Mixing mushroom nutrients with the base material and pulverizing them with a high-speed rotary pulverizer achieves a uniform nutritional material and substrate. In addition, pelletization of the pulverized material (medium material) is possible in a wide range of the mixing ratio of the base material and nutrient material (0 to 50 parts by weight with respect to the base material). A medium base material for mushroom cultivation can be produced (solution of the third problem).

  By pulverizing the paper and papermaking basket and once returning to the cellulose fiber-like state before the papermaking process, it becomes possible to produce a uniform and good mushroom cultivation medium regardless of the type and quality of the base material. Furthermore, pelletization becomes very simple by using cotton-like fibers. Moreover, by adding charcoal to the base material and pelletizing, excessive swelling due to water absorption is suppressed and water resistance is improved. Therefore, the effect of ensuring ventilation and water retention necessary for mushroom cultivation throughout the mushroom cultivation period is exhibited.

  Furthermore, the preparation of a mushroom nutrient material is blended and formed into a pellet-shaped medium, so that medium adjustment in mushroom cultivation becomes extremely simple. The adjustment method is achieved by adding an appropriate amount of the pellet-shaped medium of the present invention to a cultivation container or cultivation bag and adding water to such an extent that the substrate is immersed in water. Even if the added water is sterilized at normal pressure or high-pressure sterilization, the whole pellet is uniformly infiltrated in the process, and a standard moisture content of around 65% is achieved as a mushroom medium, and it does not collect at the bottom of the container. . In addition, pelletizing the medium for mushroom cultivation facilitates transportation, storage and handling, and further improves the yield and quality of the mushrooms.

  According to the culture medium for mushroom cultivation and the mushroom cultivation method according to the present invention, it is possible to cultivate good-quality mushrooms by effectively utilizing the waste paper material, and to increase the production efficiency of increasing the yield of mushrooms. Is possible. Moreover, since the waste microbial bed after cultivation of mushrooms is an aggregate of microbial cells and cellulose, it can be further utilized as an organic fertilizer, a soil conditioner, and a packaging material.

It is the photograph of the pellet for mushroom cultivation of (a) dried mushroom cultivation of the culture medium base material for mushroom cultivation which shows embodiment of this invention, and (b) the pellet for mushroom cultivation immersed in water for 4 hours of the same base material. It is a graph of the relationship between content of activated carbon contained in a pellet, moisture content of a pellet, and expansion coefficient. It is a photograph of a cross-sectional view of a pellet in which mycelia are spread in a mycelium culture of Yamabushitake cultivation. FIG. 5 is a photograph comparing a fiberized papermaking basket (FIG. 4A) and a non-fiberized papermaking basket (FIG. 4B). X-ray transmission image (FIG. 5 (a), (b)) of the culture medium using the fiberized papermaking machine and X-ray transmission image (FIG. 5 (c)) of the culture medium using the papermaking machine not fiberized. (D)). It is a flowchart showing the manufacturing process of the culture medium for mushroom cultivation of this invention from a papermaking basket. It is a flowchart showing the process to mushroom cultivation by the pellet of this invention. (A) Comparison of elongation rate of Yamabushitake mycelium (1) Salamander medium (control group) (2) Pellet medium of the present invention (b) Comparison of harvest amount of Yamabushitake (1) Salamander medium (control group) (2) Present invention Pellet medium

  Hereinafter, the medium for mushroom cultivation according to the present invention, the production method thereof, and the mushroom cultivation method using the same will be described with reference to the drawings and examples. The following description exemplifies an embodiment and an example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following description. The following description can be modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  The culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to the present invention (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “medium”) uses paper (particularly used paper) or papermaking straw as a base material. This is to effectively reuse these waste materials. The base material is a raw material for forming the base material. Moreover, a base material means the main material which comprises a culture medium. Paper has various states depending on the thickness and processing during paper making. In addition, papermaking candy is produced in various states depending on the paper to be produced. If these waste materials are used as a medium as they are, a medium having a certain quality cannot be prepared.

  Therefore, the culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to the present invention uses a base material obtained by fiberizing these base material raw materials. That is, by promoting fiberization to the cellulose fiber before the paper making process when making paper, the properties of the original paper are made difficult to be reflected in the medium.

  However, in the present invention, it is not necessary to completely defibrate (fibrize) the paper or papermaking paper used as the base material into individual cellulose fibers. This is because if the fiber can be made to some extent, a medium with a certain quality can be obtained regardless of the state when the base material was paper. The degree of fiberization necessary for the mushroom cultivation medium of the present invention is shown in the examples described later.

  Specifically, after the disintegration treatment to be described later, the filtrate that is filtered through a 2.5 mm wire mesh is sufficient to be fiberized to a certain extent of 50% or less with respect to the original medium.

  As described above, since the base material used in the present invention is fiberized, it may be any paper or papermaking machine. However, paper that can be used as recycled paper, or a papermaking basket that is used when making new paper or recycled paper is preferable. This is because waste paper with a resin mixed or a resin film coated on the surface may be difficult to be fiberized. In addition, a medium mixed with resin or the like is hardly decomposed by bacteria, and is not easily returned to nature after being used as a medium.

  As a specific method of fiberization, a base material having a moisture content of 5% to 45% is fiberized using a pulverizer such as a high-speed rotary pulverizer (hammer mill). “Fiberification” may be called “defibration”. In other words, the fibers that have become agglomerated instantly are disentangled by the impact of the hammer rotating at high speed. As a fiberization method, pulverization is important, and it is not preferable to chop with a blade such as a cutter. This is because, when the base material is chopped, the fiber lump cannot be defibrated even if it becomes smaller. The base material that has been fiberized is referred to as a “fiberized papermaking machine”. “Fiberized papermaking machine” includes the case where the base material is paper. The fiberized paper mill is a base material for the mushroom cultivation medium according to the present invention.

  Usually, the culture medium for mushroom cultivation uses a mixture of sawdust having different particle sizes. This is because it is easy to ensure the air permeability required when the mycelium grows. However, the fiberized papermaking basket becomes a dense lump when moisture is removed. In such a state, the space and air permeability necessary for the growth of mycelia cannot be ensured. Therefore, the culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to the present invention granulates fiberized papermaking straw as a base material. In other words, it may be said that it is pelletized.

  The size and shape of the pellet are not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of ease of manufacture, a cylindrical shape having a thickness of 2 to 9 mm and a length of about 1 to 3 cm is easy to mold. Pellets of such a size are preferable because when the mushroom culture container is filled, an appropriate gap is formed between the pellets.

  From the viewpoint of the air permeability of the medium, the formation of pores in the medium (pellet) is also important. This is because the mycelium of mushrooms can easily enter even in the space provided in the medium (pellet). However, the fiberized papermaking basket tends to become dense once the moisture is removed, and when water is supplied again, it easily breaks down and it is not easy to maintain the shape as a pellet. Therefore, the mushroom cultivation medium according to the present invention mixes charcoal into a fiberized paper mill. Here, the charcoal is preferably a porous body such as activated carbon.

  Activated charcoal is not particularly harmful for mushroom growth and can also hold air, water and other nutrients in the internal pores. Here, the nutrient substance refers to a compound or element necessary for the growth of mycelia. Specifically, amino acids, iron, phosphorus, molybdenum and the like. Moreover, activated carbon enters between the fibers of the fiberized paper mill and is intertwined with the fibers, thereby moderately strengthening the binding force between the fibers. As a result, the pellet containing charcoal can maintain the shape as a pellet, although the connection between fibers is maintained and the gap is widened even when water is supplied.

  Charcoal is preferably 5 to 40 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the paper mill. 10 to 20 parts by mass is more preferable. If there is too little charcoal, even if water is given, there will not be enough gaps in the pellet, and if it is too much, the fibers will be weakly connected and the pellet itself will collapse. Charcoal may be called an additive.

  In the culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to the present invention, the mushroom nutrient substance may be mixed in the activated carbon in advance as described above. However, mushroom nutrients may be added separately. A well-known thing can be used as a mushroom nutrient. For example, substances such as rice bran, bran, corn bran, amino acid, and mineral can be suitably used. These mushroom nutrients contain nutrient substances.

  Mushroom nutrients and charcoal may be mixed with the fiberized paper mill before being granulated. However, if it is mixed with the base material in the fiberizing step, the mixing can be performed simultaneously. In particular, mushroom nutrients are often provided in fine powders. Fine powder tends to clump when water is sucked. Therefore, the mushroom nutrient may be localized when mixed with the fiberized paper mill. On the other hand, during fiberization, the mixture is greatly impacted, so there is almost no risk of the mushroom nutrient remaining as a lump. The step of performing the fiberizing step after mixing the base material, charcoal (additive), and the mushroom nutrient together during the fiberizing step may be referred to as a pulverizing and mixing step.

  The state immediately before granulation is called “medium material”. The medium material is a mixture of fiberized paper mill (base material) and charcoal (activated carbon: additive), or a mixture of fiberized paper mill (base material) and charcoal (additive material). . The medium material is pelletized by a granulating apparatus to be a “mushroom cultivation medium”.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

<Example of medium>
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a pellet which is a mushroom cultivation medium according to the present invention. Activated carbon (additive) is mixed in a proportion of 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the dry weight of the papermaking machine (base material), and a medium is prepared. FIG. 1A shows a dried medium (pellet), and FIG. 1B shows a medium immersed in water for 4 hours (pellet). The pelletized medium expands when immersed in water, but maintains a three-dimensional shape without being pulverized into powder. Furthermore, when the crack 1 as shown in FIG. 1B is generated on the surface of the medium, a large number of narrow pores are generated inside the pellet.

  FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the expansion rate and water content of the mushroom cultivation medium when immersed in water by changing the activated carbon content of the mushroom cultivation medium. The vertical axis on the left of the graph indicates the weight part of activated carbon (part by weight of activated carbon when the culture medium for mushroom cultivation is 100 parts by weight), and the vertical axis on the right is the length of one pellet-shaped medium in a dried state. Expansion ratio against the length (ratio of length after soaking to water before length soaking in water: “times”), and water content (water content per gram of pelleted medium: (g / g)) Indicates. The expansion rate and water content were measured by immersing the pelleted medium in water for 4 hours. The horizontal axis indicates the sample number.

  Sample 1 is a mushroom cultivation medium (medium not containing activated carbon) containing 20 parts by weight of rice bran with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base material. Samples 2, 3, 4, and 5 contain rice bran in the same proportion as sample 1, but the activated carbon content is changed. Each activated carbon content is 4 parts by weight for sample 2, 10 parts by weight for sample 3, 20 parts by weight for sample 4, and 30 parts by weight for sample 5 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base material.

  As the activated carbon content increases, the expansion rate of the pelleted medium decreases from 3.6 times to 1.5 times, and the water content also increases from 1.7 (g / g) to about 1.0 (g / G), but the charcoal content is almost constant from around 20% (sample 3). The medium of Sample 1 that does not contain activated carbon swells due to a large amount of water absorption and breaks up the pellet shape. However, by adding about 20% of activated carbon, the amount of water absorbed by the medium can be suppressed, the expansion rate can be controlled to be constant, and the pellet shape can be maintained. Furthermore, when the pellet-shaped medium swells, a large number of cracks 1 as shown in FIG. 1 occur in the medium. Therefore, the air permeability and water retention preferable for mushroom cultivation can be ensured by cracks inside the medium caused by swelling, that is, large gaps created between the narrow pores and the medium (pellets).

  In FIG. 3, the spreading state of mycelia when Yamabushitake is cultured using the culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to the present invention is photographed. A medium during mycelial culture was cut and a part of the cross section was photographed. In this photograph, the cross-sectional outline of a generally cylindrical pellet (medium) is represented by a circle 2. It can be confirmed that the mycelium 3 spreads densely around the medium (pellet) and that the mycelium 4 bites into the pores formed by the cracks. As described above, it exerts an effect on the active growth of the gap between the medium (pellet) and the pores inside the medium (pellet).

  Next, the inside of the culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to the present invention will be described. Since the medium for mushroom cultivation according to the present invention uses a paper milled paper koji as a base material, the internal structure can be configured uniformly when formed into a pellet.

  FIG. 4 shows photographs of a paper mill sheared with a shearing machine (FIG. 4B) and a paper milled with a hammer mill (FIG. 4A). Each scale bar in the picture represents 1 cm. With reference to FIG.4 (b), when it shears with a shearing machine, the lump of about 0.5-15 mm is in the state which remained. This is a “flaky papermaking machine” and is referred to as a comparative base material. On the other hand, referring to FIG. 4A, when the fiber is defibrated with a hammer mill, there is no lump as shown in FIG. This is the base material (fiberized papermaking machine) according to the present invention.

  20 parts by weight of activated carbon was added to 100 parts by weight of these substrates and granulated to prepare pellets. The base material according to the present invention was pulverized and mixed by adding activated carbon when fiberized. In the case of a comparative example base material, activated carbon was added, and then the dispersion treated with a homogenizer was granulated and pelletized.

The direction using the base material according to the present invention is referred to as an example, and the direction using the comparative example base material is referred to as a comparative example. These samples were disintegrated by the following procedure and their contents were observed. The results are shown in Table 1.
(1) Each sample was allowed to stand in a dryer at 80 ° C. until the dry weight became constant, an absolutely dry sample was prepared, and each weight was measured.
(2) The dried pellets of Example and Comparative Example were placed in a centrifuge tube, and 30 ml of water was added.
(3) A vibration was applied for 5 minutes with a vortex mixer.
(4) Two types of metal meshes with diameters of 2.5 mm and 1.5 mm were stacked (a metal mesh with a diameter of 2.5 mm was placed on top), and the contents of the centrifuge tube were allowed to flow from above.
(5) Further, 400 ml of water was sprayed from the nozzle of the washing bottle to the residue remaining in each wire mesh and washed.
(6) The residue remaining on each wire mesh was collected on a filter paper and dried at 80 ° C. for 3 hours.
(7) The residue on each filter paper was weighed.
In addition, the above process is called a collapse process.

  Referring to Table 1, the weight is the weight (measured value) of the filtration residue on the wire mesh, and the parentheses indicate the ratio to the weight of the example and the comparative example before drying and disintegrating. Since the filtration residue remaining on the wire mesh is washed, there is a part that has flowed down. The total of the filtration residue remaining on the wire mesh 2.5 mm and the filtration residue remaining on the wire mesh 1.5 mm is 100%. Don't be.

  In the example, 13.5% remained in the metal mesh of 2.5 mm, and 60.2% remained in the metal mesh of 1.5 mm. The total of these was 73.7%, and 26.3% flowed through a wire mesh of 1.5 mm.

  In the comparative example, 92.5% remained in the metal mesh 2.5 mm, and 1.48% remained in the metal mesh 1.5 mm. The sum of these was 93.9%. That is, most of the comparative examples remained in the metal mesh 2.5 mm.

  The examples use a substrate that has undergone a fiberization treatment. The degree of fiberization treatment of this base material is such that a filtration residue of 50% or less, preferably 30% or less, and most preferably 20% or less remains in a wire mesh 2.5 mm with respect to an absolutely dry sample. It can be said that it is sufficient to use the prepared base material.

  Next, FIG. 5 shows a state in which the above-described examples and comparative examples (not completely dry) are observed with transmission X-rays. FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are examples. FIG. 5C and FIG. 5D are comparative examples. For this observation, XGT-5200 manufactured by HORIBA, Ltd. was used, and a Rh target was used as the tube. The X-ray irradiation diameter was 1.2 mm and the X-ray voltage was 15 kV.

  Referring to FIG. 5, in the example, interference fringes of the upper and lower objects are observed over the pellet length direction. This indicates that the internal structure is made uniform over the length direction. On the other hand, in the comparative example, the interference fringes as in the example are not observed, and it can be seen that there is a large lump. It cannot be said that the film is uniformly formed in the length direction.

  As described above, the inside of the pellet-like medium can be uniformly formed by the disintegration treatment or the X-ray transmission observation by using the fiberized papermaking machine as a base material. I understand.

  Then, in FIG. 6, the flowchart of the manufacturing process of the culture medium for mushroom cultivation of this invention is shown from a papermaking machine. The culture medium for mushroom cultivation of the present invention flows out from the pulp process, the waste paper pulp process, and the paper making process together with the waste water in the paper mill (step S100). In FIG. 6, “spilled fiber slurry” is indicated. The outflow of the papermaking machine, which is a raw material, may contain foreign matters other than cellulose fibers. At that time, these foreign matters are removed and used by a foreign matter removing device such as a vibrating screen in the previous stage (step S102).

  Then, the spilled fiber slurry is dehydrated (step S104) to obtain a papermaking machine (step S106). Thereafter, the papermaking machine is dried (step S108). The base material may be spilled fiber slurry, and may refer to either a dehydrated state or a dried state. At least dehydrated and dried paper mill is a base material.

  After adding dehydrated sheet-shaped or lump paper mill rice bran, corn bran, bran, etc., and adding charcoal, charcoal, bamboo charcoal, activated carbon, etc. Crushing and mixing) (step S110). This is a grinding and mixing process. It may be called a fiberizing process. The papermaking cake is pulverized into a cotton-like shape to make the fibers of the papermaking cake uniform, and the nutrients and charcoal are dispersed between the fibers of the papermaking cake.

  Thus, the culture medium material is obtained by grinding and mixing the base material and the charcoal and mushroom nutrient material. In the medium material, the base material is defibrated to become a “fiberized papermaking machine” (that is, a base material).

  Furthermore, the culture medium material containing the base material pulverized into cotton is granulated into pellets by a granulator (step S112), and a mushroom cultivation medium is obtained (step S114). This is a granulation process. When the mushroom cultivation medium is used as a mushroom cultivation medium immediately, it does not have to be dried, but when stored for more than one month, it is desirable to dry and keep the moisture content around 10%.

  In addition, with respect to the manufacturing process of the mushroom cultivation medium of the present invention from the above-mentioned papermaking koji, when the base material is a trim generated during the manufacture of paper, for example, a beverage paper pack, a nutrient material and a small piece of trim The culture medium for mushroom cultivation of this invention can be manufactured by mix | blending charcoal with cotton-like fiber, and carrying out the above-mentioned pelletization. That is, it is possible to exclude the steps of foreign matter removal (step S102), dehydration (step S104), and drying (step S108) in FIG.

  FIG. 7 describes a method for cultivating mushrooms using the medium of the present invention granulated into pellets. After adding an appropriate amount of the mushroom cultivation medium (step S200) according to the present invention described in FIG. 6 to a mushroom cultivation bottle or cultivation bag (step S202), and adding an appropriate amount of water according to the type of mushroom. High-pressure sterilization or normal-pressure sterilization is performed (step S204). Putting the mushroom cultivation medium into the mushroom cultivation bottle or the cultivation bag is a process of filling the culture container with the mushroom cultivation medium.

  After allowing to cool, the medium is inoculated with the inoculum (step S206) and cultured under optimum conditions such as temperature and humidity according to the type of mushroom (step S208). Inoculating the fungus species is a step of inoculating the culture container with the fungus species. Further, culturing under optimum conditions such as temperature and humidity according to the type of mushroom is a process of holding the culture vessel in a constant environment. The culture medium of the present invention granulated into pellets can be applied to the cultivation of various edible mushrooms such as Yamabushitake, Shiitake, Tamogitake and Nameko.

<Examples of mushroom cultivation>
A sample in which 20% by weight of rice bran is mixed with white-tailed moth is used as a standard control medium (1). As a culture medium for mushroom cultivation of the present invention, a base material: rice bran: activated carbon was ground and mixed at a blending ratio of 100: 20: 20 w / w / w (meaning each part by mass), and a pelletized medium was tested. (2).

  Medium (1) and (2) were packed in 850 ml polypropylene bottles for mushroom cultivation, water was added to the same height as the packed pellets (medium), the water content was adjusted to 63%, and autoclaved at 121 ° C for 1 hour Did. FIG. 8 (a) shows the result of comparison of hyphae elongation (mm / day) for 7 days after inoculating 10g of Yamabushitake inoculum into the medium after cooling and culturing at 20 ° C for 18 days.

  In addition, the fruit body of Yamabushitake has a thin pink color and a cocoon shape, but the cocoon shape hangs down as it grows, and becomes a white needle shape (the shape of a pom-pom or a ball bun). Furthermore, it becomes white to light brown. FIG. 8 (b) shows a comparison of the weight per ball that is formed in white and formed with needles (ball tuft shape). Compared with the conventional cultivation method using hardwood sawdust as the culture medium, the cultivation method of the present invention provides about two times the cultivation efficiency of mycelia and the yield per one ball, and is based on the weight of the culture medium. The average yield of Yamabushitake was less than 30%.

  On the other hand, cultivation was attempted in order to compare the cultivation method (prior art) using paper or small pieces of paper-making straw or fine powder as a medium with the method of the present invention, but a fruit body yield comparable to that of sawdust cultivation was obtained. However, the yield of fruiting bodies is not stable, and no fruiting bodies may be generated at all.

  The medium for mushroom cultivation according to the present invention can be suitably used for culturing mycelium including shiitake mushroom.

1 Pellet crack 2 Pellet cut surface outline 3 Hyphae growing in the gap between pellets 4 Hyphae eroding into the cracked pores of the pellet

Claims (6)

  A medium for mushroom cultivation containing fiberized paper mills and charcoal and formed into pellets.   The culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to claim 1 containing a mushroom nutrient.   The medium for mushroom cultivation according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the fiberized paper mill has a lump having a diameter of 2.5 mm or more and 50% or less. A process of defibrating (grinding and mixing in the basics) the raw material containing papermaking straw to obtain a culture medium substrate;
The manufacturing method of the culture medium for mushroom cultivation which has the process of granulating the said culture medium base material. A step of defibrating the paper mill to obtain a fiberized paper mill;
A step of adding an additive to the fiberized paper mill to obtain a culture medium substrate;
The manufacturing method of the culture medium for mushroom cultivation which has the process of granulating the said culture medium base material.   A step of filling a culture container with the culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, a step of inoculating mushroom mycelium in the culture container, and a step of maintaining the culture container in a constant environment Mushroom cultivation method.