JP2018146789A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display device Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018146789A JP2018146789A JP2017041865A JP2017041865A JP2018146789A JP 2018146789 A JP2018146789 A JP 2018146789A JP 2017041865 A JP2017041865 A JP 2017041865A JP 2017041865 A JP2017041865 A JP 2017041865A JP 2018146789 A JP2018146789 A JP 2018146789A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、液晶表示装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device.
近年、車両等に搭載されるナビゲーションシステムやスピードメータ等の各種機器に液晶表示装置が用いられる機会が増えている。当該液晶表示装置では、液晶パネルの表示面にカバー部材を設けることで、当該液晶パネルを外部の衝撃などから保護している。 In recent years, liquid crystal display devices are increasingly used in various devices such as navigation systems and speedometers mounted on vehicles. In the liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal panel is protected from an external impact or the like by providing a cover member on the display surface of the liquid crystal panel.
表示パネルの表示面にカバー部材を設けると、カバー部材の表面で外光の反射や映り込みが発生するという問題が生じていた。これらを防止する手段として、表面反射を減少させる反射防止技術が知られている。例えば、液晶パネル上に接着剤層を介して光学干渉層として屈折率と光学膜厚とが適当な値を有する層をいくつか積層することにより、積層体と空気界面における光の反射を減少させることが提案されている（特許文献１）。 When the cover member is provided on the display surface of the display panel, there has been a problem that external light is reflected or reflected on the surface of the cover member. As means for preventing these, an antireflection technique for reducing surface reflection is known. For example, by laminating several layers having appropriate values of refractive index and optical film thickness as optical interference layers on the liquid crystal panel via an adhesive layer, the reflection of light at the laminate and the air interface is reduced. (Patent Document 1).
一方で、上記のようなカバー部材を有する液晶表示装置においては、当該液晶表示装置の明所コントラストが劣化してしまうという問題が生じていた。 On the other hand, in the liquid crystal display device having the cover member as described above, there has been a problem that the bright place contrast of the liquid crystal display device is deteriorated.
本発明は、液晶パネルとカバー部材とを有する液晶表示装置において、カバー部材に起因した表面の反射や映り込みを抑制するとともに、明所コントラストが向上され、色再現性が高い液晶表示装置の提供を目的とする。 The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal panel and a cover member, which suppresses reflection and reflection of the surface caused by the cover member, improves bright place contrast, and has high color reproducibility. With the goal.
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討を行った。その結果、カバー部材に起因した表面の反射や映り込みを低減するために、反射防止技術を利用しつつ、液晶表示装置の明所コントラストが高く、色再現性の高い液晶表示装置を見出した。 The present inventors have intensively studied to solve the above problems. As a result, in order to reduce the reflection and reflection of the surface due to the cover member, the liquid crystal display device has been found that has high contrast in the bright place and high color reproducibility while utilizing the antireflection technology.
すなわち、本発明は、液晶パネルと、当該液晶パネル上に接着剤層を介して配設されたカバー部材とを有する表示装置であって、前記カバー部材の液晶パネルと対向しない面に反射防止膜を有し、前記反射防止膜の表面の視感反射率Ｒと、前記液晶パネルの前記接着剤層との界面における視感反射率ｒとは、ｒ＞Ｒ／（１−Ｒ）２の関係を満たし、前記反射防止膜の表面の視感反射率Ｒが１％以下であり、前記接着剤層の内部視感透過率が２０〜８５％であり、前記接着剤層は波長５８０〜６００ｎｍの間に吸収ピークを有する、ことを特徴とする、液晶表示装置に関する。 That is, the present invention is a display device having a liquid crystal panel and a cover member disposed on the liquid crystal panel via an adhesive layer, and an antireflection film on a surface of the cover member that does not face the liquid crystal panel The luminous reflectance R of the surface of the antireflection film and the luminous reflectance r at the interface with the adhesive layer of the liquid crystal panel have a relationship of r> R / (1-R) 2 The luminous reflectance R of the surface of the antireflection film is 1% or less, the internal luminous transmittance of the adhesive layer is 20 to 85%, and the adhesive layer has a wavelength of 580 to 600 nm. The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device having an absorption peak between them.
本発明によれば、液晶表示装置のカバー部材は反射防止膜を有し、その視感反射率Ｒが１％以下なので、カバー部材表面での外光の反射や映り込みを抑制できる。 According to the present invention, since the cover member of the liquid crystal display device has the antireflection film and the luminous reflectance R thereof is 1% or less, reflection and reflection of external light on the cover member surface can be suppressed.
反射防止膜の視感反射率Ｒと、液晶パネルの接着剤層との界面における視感反射率ｒとが、ｒ＞Ｒ／（１−Ｒ）２の関係を満たす。そして、接着剤層の内部視感透過率が２０〜８５％である。ｒ＞Ｒ／（１−Ｒ）２の関係を満たしている場合、外光は、カバー部材表面よりも、液晶パネルと接着剤層との界面で多く反射される。この時、接着剤層の透過率を下げることで、液晶パネルと接着剤層との界面の反射光の強さを減ずることができる。その結果、液晶表示装置の明所コントラストが高くなる。接着剤層の透過率を８５％以下にすることにより、上記した効果が十分に発揮される。また、接着剤層の透過率を２０％以上とすることで、液晶パネルの発光量の絶対値を高く維持できる。 The luminous reflectance R of the antireflection film and the luminous reflectance r at the interface with the adhesive layer of the liquid crystal panel satisfy the relationship r> R / (1-R) 2 . The internal luminous transmittance of the adhesive layer is 20 to 85%. When the relationship r> R / (1-R) 2 is satisfied, more external light is reflected at the interface between the liquid crystal panel and the adhesive layer than at the surface of the cover member. At this time, the intensity of reflected light at the interface between the liquid crystal panel and the adhesive layer can be reduced by reducing the transmittance of the adhesive layer. As a result, the bright place contrast of the liquid crystal display device is increased. By making the transmittance of the adhesive layer 85% or less, the above-described effects are sufficiently exhibited. Further, by setting the transmittance of the adhesive layer to 20% or more, the absolute value of the light emission amount of the liquid crystal panel can be maintained high.
さらに、本発明においては、接着剤層は、波長５８０〜６００ｎｍの間に吸収ピークを有する。これによって、液晶パネルの発光スペクトルのうち、赤の光と緑の光を分離できるので、液晶表示装置の色再現性を高くできる。 Furthermore, in this invention, an adhesive bond layer has an absorption peak between wavelengths 580-600 nm. Accordingly, red light and green light in the emission spectrum of the liquid crystal panel can be separated, so that the color reproducibility of the liquid crystal display device can be improved.
なお、本発明において、視感透過率および視感反射率は、ＪＩＳ Ｚ８７０１に規定されている透過および反射の刺激値Ｙである。 In the present invention, the luminous transmittance and luminous reflectance are transmission and reflection stimulation values Y defined in JIS Z8701.
特開２０１４−９５７６３号公報には、液晶パネル上に接着剤層を介してカバーガラスを配設してなる液晶表示装置であって、接着剤層中に寒色色素を含有させることが開示されている。該文献によれば、接着剤層中に寒色色素を含有させているので、例えば、当該接着剤層は、５００ｎｍ前後に吸収ピークを有し、当該波長の光をカットすることができるものの、本発明のように、ネオン光をカットして色調を改善することはできない。また、本発明で規定しているような要件については何ら教示していないため、液晶表示装置の明所コントラストを向上させることはできない。 Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2014-95763 discloses a liquid crystal display device in which a cover glass is disposed on a liquid crystal panel via an adhesive layer, and a cold color pigment is contained in the adhesive layer. Yes. According to this document, since a cold color pigment is contained in the adhesive layer, for example, the adhesive layer has an absorption peak around 500 nm and can cut light of the wavelength. As in the invention, it is not possible to improve the color tone by cutting neon light. Further, since there is no teaching about the requirements as defined in the present invention, the bright place contrast of the liquid crystal display device cannot be improved.
同様に、特開２００６−２０１３７６号公報には、波長４９５ｎｍ〜５０７ｎｍの間に吸収ピークを有する青色改善色素と、波長５８５ｎｍ〜６００ｎｍの間に吸収ピークを有する赤色改善色素とを含有する液晶ディスプレイ用フィルターが開示されているが、該文献においては、フィルターを液晶パネル自体に組み込んでおり、本発明のように、液晶パネルとカバーガラスとを接着させる接着剤層中に含有させて、当該接着剤層にフィルター機能を持たせるようなことについては何ら教示していない。また、本発明で規定しているような要件については何ら教示していないため、液晶表示装置の明所コントラストを向上させることはできない。 Similarly, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-201376 discloses a liquid crystal display containing a blue improving dye having an absorption peak at a wavelength of 495 nm to 507 nm and a red improving dye having an absorption peak at a wavelength of 585 nm to 600 nm. Although a filter is disclosed, in this document, the filter is incorporated in the liquid crystal panel itself, and as in the present invention, the filter is contained in an adhesive layer that bonds the liquid crystal panel and the cover glass. It does not teach anything about giving a layer a filter function. Further, since there is no teaching about the requirements as defined in the present invention, the bright place contrast of the liquid crystal display device cannot be improved.
さらに、特開２００９−２１１０６２号公報には、プラズマパネルに対して別途フィルター組立体を設け、このフィルター組立体中に吸収色素を含有させてフィルター機能を持たせることが開示されているが、本発明で規定しているような要件については何ら教示していないため、液晶表示装置の明所コントラストを向上させることはできない。 Furthermore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-211062 discloses that a separate filter assembly is provided for the plasma panel, and an absorption dye is contained in the filter assembly to provide a filter function. Since the requirement as defined in the invention is not taught at all, the bright place contrast of the liquid crystal display device cannot be improved.
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、液晶パネルとカバー部材とを有する液晶表示装置において、カバー部材に起因した表面の反射や映り込みを抑制するとともに、明所コントラストを向上させ、色再現性を高くできる。 As described above, according to the present invention, in a liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal panel and a cover member, surface reflection and reflection caused by the cover member are suppressed, and the bright place contrast is improved and color reproduction is achieved. Can increase the sex.
以下、本発明の詳細及びその他の特徴について、発明の実施の形態に基づいて詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, details and other features of the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments of the present invention.
本実施形態の液晶表示装置は、液晶パネルと、カバー部材を有し、当該カバー部材は接着剤層を介して、液晶パネルの表示面に接合されている。ここで、カバー部材は透明である。 The liquid crystal display device of this embodiment has a liquid crystal panel and a cover member, and the cover member is bonded to the display surface of the liquid crystal panel via an adhesive layer. Here, the cover member is transparent.
本実施形態の前記カバー部材は、液晶パネルと対向しない面に反射防止膜を有する。また、本実施形態において、前記反射防止膜は視感反射率Ｒが１％以下である。これによって、カバー部材表面での外光の反射や映り込みを低減できる。同様の理由で、前記反射防止膜の視感反射率Ｒは、０．６％以下であることが好ましく、０．４％以下であることがさらに好ましい。 The cover member of this embodiment has an antireflection film on a surface that does not face the liquid crystal panel. In the present embodiment, the antireflection film has a luminous reflectance R of 1% or less. Thereby, reflection and reflection of external light on the surface of the cover member can be reduced. For the same reason, the luminous reflectance R of the antireflection film is preferably 0.6% or less, and more preferably 0.4% or less.
なお、反射防止膜の視感反射率Ｒの下限値は特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、０．０５％以上とすることができる。これより視感反射率Ｒが低いと液晶表示装置における画像の色味が全体的に黒くなって、色調が劣化してしまう場合がある。 Note that the lower limit value of the luminous reflectance R of the antireflection film is not particularly limited, but may be 0.05% or more, for example. If the luminous reflectance R is lower than this, the color tone of the image in the liquid crystal display device becomes black as a whole, and the color tone may deteriorate.
上述のような視感反射率Ｒを満足する反射防止膜としては、波長５５０ｎｍの光の屈折率が１．９以上の相対的に屈折率が高い層（以下、高屈折率層という）と、波長５５０ｎｍの光の屈折率が１．６以下の相対的に屈折率が低い層（以下、低屈折率層という）とが交互に積層されてなる膜が好ましい。このような膜であれば、上述した視感反射率Ｒの条件を満たす反射防止膜を簡易に製造できる。 As the antireflection film satisfying the luminous reflectance R as described above, a layer having a relatively high refractive index (hereinafter referred to as a high refractive index layer) having a refractive index of light having a wavelength of 550 nm of 1.9 or more, A film in which layers having a relatively low refractive index (hereinafter referred to as a low refractive index layer) having a refractive index of light having a wavelength of 550 nm of 1.6 or less are alternately laminated is preferable. With such a film, an antireflection film that satisfies the condition of the luminous reflectance R described above can be easily manufactured.
反射防止膜における高屈折率層と低屈折率層との層数は、それぞれを１層ずつ含む構成でもよく、それぞれを２層以上含む構成でもよい。高屈折率層と低屈折率層とをそれぞれ１層含む構成の場合は、カバー部材側から高屈折率層、低屈折率層の順に積層したものが好ましい。また、高屈折率層と低屈折率層とをそれぞれ２層以上含む構成の場合は、カバー部材側から高屈折率層、低屈折率層の順に交互に積層した形態であることが好ましい。 The number of layers of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer in the antireflection film may be a structure including one layer or a structure including two or more layers. In the case of a configuration including one high refractive index layer and one low refractive index layer, those in which the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer are laminated in this order from the cover member side are preferable. Moreover, in the case of a configuration including two or more high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers, it is preferable that the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer are alternately laminated in this order from the cover member side.
反射防止性能を高めるためには、反射防止膜は複数の層が積層された積層体であることが好ましく、該積層体は、例えば、全体で２層以上８層以下の層が積層されたものが好ましく、２層以上６層以下の層が積層されたものがより好ましく、２層以上４層以下の層が積層されたものがさらに好ましい。ここでの積層体は、上記のように、高屈折率層と低屈折率層とを交互に積層したものが好ましい。また、光学特性を損なわない範囲での層の追加を行ってもよい。例えば、カバー部材がガラスである場合、ガラスを構成する成分、例えばＮａイオン等の拡散を防ぐために、カバーガラスの主面と第１層との間にＳｉＯ２膜を挿入してもよい。 In order to enhance the antireflection performance, the antireflection film is preferably a laminate in which a plurality of layers are laminated. For example, the laminate is a laminate in which a total of 2 to 8 layers are laminated. It is more preferable that 2 or more and 6 or less layers are stacked, and 2 or more and 4 or less layers are more preferable. The laminate here is preferably one in which high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers are alternately laminated as described above. Moreover, you may add the layer in the range which does not impair an optical characteristic. For example, when the cover member is glass, a SiO 2 film may be inserted between the main surface of the cover glass and the first layer in order to prevent diffusion of components constituting the glass, such as Na ions.
高屈折率層、低屈折率層を構成する材料は、特に制限されるものではなく、要求される反射防止性の程度や生産性を考慮して選択できる。高屈折率層を構成する材料としては、例えば、酸化ニオブ（Ｎｂ２Ｏ５）、酸化チタン（ＴｉＯ２）、酸化ジルコニウム（ＺｒＯ２）、酸化タンタル（Ｔａ２Ｏ５）、酸化アルミニウム（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）、窒化ケイ素（ＳｉＮ）等が挙げられる。これらの材料から選択される１種以上を好ましく使用できる。低屈折率層を構成する材料としては、酸化ケイ素（特に、二酸化ケイ素ＳｉＯ２）、ＳｉとＳｎとの混合酸化物を含む材料、ＳｉとＺｒとの混合酸化物を含む材料、ＳｉとＡｌとの混合酸化物を含む材料等が挙げられる。これら材料から選択される１種以上を好ましく使用できる。 The material constituting the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is not particularly limited, and can be selected in consideration of the required degree of antireflection and productivity. Examples of the material constituting the high refractive index layer include niobium oxide (Nb 2 O 5 ), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 5 ), and aluminum oxide (Al 2 ). O 3 ), silicon nitride (SiN) and the like. One or more selected from these materials can be preferably used. As a material constituting the low refractive index layer, silicon oxide (particularly, silicon dioxide SiO 2 ), a material containing a mixed oxide of Si and Sn, a material containing a mixed oxide of Si and Zr, Si and Al and The material containing the mixed oxide of, etc. are mentioned. One or more selected from these materials can be preferably used.
生産性や屈折率の観点から、高屈折率層が、酸化ニオブ、酸化タンタル、窒化ケイ素から選択される１種からなり、低屈折率層が、酸化ケイ素からなる層であることが好ましい。 From the viewpoint of productivity and refractive index, it is preferable that the high refractive index layer is one selected from niobium oxide, tantalum oxide, and silicon nitride, and the low refractive index layer is a layer made of silicon oxide.
反射防止膜は、表面に無機薄膜を直接形成する方法、エッチング等の手法により表面処理する方法や、乾式法、例えば、化学蒸着（ＣＶＤ）法や物理蒸着（ＰＶＤ）法、特に物理蒸着法の一種である真空蒸着法やスパッタ法により好適に形成できる。 The antireflection film is formed by a method of directly forming an inorganic thin film on the surface, a method of surface treatment by a technique such as etching, a dry method such as a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method or a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method, particularly a physical vapor deposition method. It can be suitably formed by a kind of vacuum deposition method or sputtering method.
また、反射防止機能を有する透明樹脂フィルムをカバー部材の主面に貼合する方法によって反射防止膜を設けることもできる。 Moreover, an antireflection film can also be provided by a method of bonding a transparent resin film having an antireflection function to the main surface of the cover member.
反射防止膜の厚さは、全体で１００〜５００ｎｍが好ましい。反射防止膜の厚さを１００ｎｍ以上とすることで、効果的に外光の反射を抑制できるため好ましい。 The thickness of the antireflection film is preferably 100 to 500 nm as a whole. Setting the thickness of the antireflection film to 100 nm or more is preferable because reflection of external light can be effectively suppressed.
本発明において、カバー部材は、樹脂またはガラスを使用できる。表面硬度、耐熱性または質感を高める点で、カバー部材は、ガラスを用いることが好ましい。ガラスとしては、例えば、ソーダライムガラス、ホウケイ酸ガラス、アルミノケイ酸ガラス、無アルカリガラス、サファイアガラス等が挙げられる。 In the present invention, resin or glass can be used for the cover member. The cover member is preferably made of glass in terms of enhancing the surface hardness, heat resistance or texture. Examples of the glass include soda lime glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, and sapphire glass.
カバー部材は、液晶パネルを保護する観点から機械的強度が高く、割れ耐久性が高いことが好ましい。カバー部材がガラス（以下、カバーガラスという）である場合、カバーガラスの機械的強度を高める方法としては、ガラスの強化処理が挙げられる。 The cover member preferably has high mechanical strength and high cracking durability from the viewpoint of protecting the liquid crystal panel. In the case where the cover member is glass (hereinafter referred to as cover glass), a method for enhancing the mechanical strength of the cover glass includes glass strengthening treatment.
強化処理としては、カバーガラスを高温下に晒した後に風冷する物理強化、または、カバーガラスを、アルカリ金属を含む溶融塩中に浸漬させ、カバーガラスの表面に存在する原子径の小さなアルカリ金属（イオン）を、溶融塩中に存在する原子径の大きなアルカリ金属（イオン）と置換する化学強化が挙げられる。 The tempering treatment includes physical strengthening in which the cover glass is exposed to high temperatures and then air-cooled, or the cover glass is immersed in a molten salt containing an alkali metal, and the alkali metal having a small atomic diameter present on the surface of the cover glass. Examples include chemical strengthening in which (ion) is replaced with an alkali metal (ion) having a large atomic diameter present in the molten salt.
カバーガラスの板厚が薄い場合には、前記強化処理は、化学強化が好ましい。 When the cover glass is thin, the strengthening treatment is preferably chemical strengthening.
化学強化処理したカバーガラス（以下、化学強化ガラスともいう）は、以下の条件を満たすことが好ましい。すなわち、カバーガラスの表面圧縮応力（以下、ＣＳという）が、４００ＭＰａ以上１２００ＭＰａ以下であることが好ましく、７００ＭＰａ以上９００ＭＰａ以下であることがより好ましい。ＣＳが４００ＭＰａ以上であれば、実用上の強度として十分である。 The chemically strengthened cover glass (hereinafter also referred to as chemically strengthened glass) preferably satisfies the following conditions. That is, the surface compressive stress (hereinafter referred to as CS) of the cover glass is preferably 400 MPa or more and 1200 MPa or less, and more preferably 700 MPa or more and 900 MPa or less. If CS is 400 MPa or more, it is sufficient as practical strength.
またＣＳが１２００ＭＰａ以下であれば、カバーガラスが表面圧縮応力に対応して自身の内部に生じる引張応力に耐えることができ、自然に破壊してしまう懸念がない。本発明では、カバーガラスのＣＳは７００ＭＰａ以上８５０ＭＰａ以下であることが好ましい。 Moreover, if CS is 1200 MPa or less, the cover glass can withstand the tensile stress generated in itself corresponding to the surface compressive stress, and there is no fear of spontaneous destruction. In the present invention, the cover glass preferably has a CS of 700 MPa or more and 850 MPa or less.
さらに、カバーガラスの圧縮応力深さ（以下、ＤＯＬという）は、１５〜５０μｍが好ましく、２０〜４０μｍがより好ましい。ＤＯＬが１５μｍ以上であれば、容易に傷がついて破壊する懸念がない。 Furthermore, 15-50 micrometers is preferable and, as for the compression stress depth (henceforth DOL) of a cover glass, 20-40 micrometers is more preferable. If the DOL is 15 μm or more, there is no fear of being easily damaged and destroyed.
また、ＤＯＬが５０μｍ以下であれば、表面圧縮応力に対応して自身の内部に生じる引張応力に耐えることができ、自然に破壊してしまう懸念がない。本発明では、カバーガラスのＤＯＬは２５μｍ以上３５μｍ以下であることが好ましい。 Moreover, if DOL is 50 micrometers or less, it can endure the tensile stress which arises inside itself corresponding to a surface compressive stress, and there is no fear of destroying naturally. In the present invention, the DOL of the cover glass is preferably 25 μm or more and 35 μm or less.
カバー部材の形状は、限定されず、液晶表示装置のデザイン、表示装置の取り付け位置等に応じて任意に変更できる。例えば、正面図は矩形、台形、円形、楕円形などが挙げられる。また、断面図は、矩形、一部が曲がった形状などが挙げられる。 The shape of the cover member is not limited and can be arbitrarily changed according to the design of the liquid crystal display device, the mounting position of the display device, and the like. For example, the front view includes a rectangle, a trapezoid, a circle, an ellipse, and the like. In addition, the cross-sectional view includes a rectangle, a partially bent shape, and the like.
カバー部材の大きさは、液晶表示装置の大きさや表示装置の用途によって適宜決定される。例えば、モバイル機器の場合は、カバー部材は、３０ｍｍ×５０ｍｍ〜３００ｍｍ×４００ｍｍで、厚さが０．１〜２．５ｍｍが好ましい。ディスプレイ装置、カーナビゲーション、コンソールパネル、計器盤などの表示装置の場合、カバー部材は、５０ｍｍ×１００ｍｍ〜２０００ｍｍ×１５００ｍｍで、厚さが０．５〜４ｍｍであることが好ましい。 The size of the cover member is appropriately determined depending on the size of the liquid crystal display device and the use of the display device. For example, in the case of a mobile device, the cover member is preferably 30 mm × 50 mm to 300 mm × 400 mm and a thickness of 0.1 to 2.5 mm. In the case of a display device such as a display device, a car navigation system, a console panel, or an instrument panel, the cover member is preferably 50 mm × 100 mm to 2000 mm × 1500 mm and has a thickness of 0.5 to 4 mm.
カバー部材の厚さは、特に限定されるものではなく、厚さ１０ｍｍ以下とできる。カバー部材として、ガラスを使用する場合、機械的強度や透明性等の点から、カバーガラスの厚さは０．１〜６ｍｍが好ましい。特に、車載用表示装置で使用する場合は、カバーガラスには安全性が求められるため機械的強度の点から、０．２〜２ｍｍが好ましい。 The thickness of the cover member is not particularly limited, and can be 10 mm or less. When glass is used as the cover member, the thickness of the cover glass is preferably 0.1 to 6 mm from the viewpoints of mechanical strength and transparency. In particular, when used in an on-vehicle display device, the cover glass is required to be safe, so that 0.2 to 2 mm is preferable from the viewpoint of mechanical strength.
化学強化ガラスを用いる場合は、化学強化処理を行うために、ガラス板の厚さは通常５ｍｍ以下が好ましく、３ｍｍ以下がより好ましい。 In the case of using chemically strengthened glass, the thickness of the glass plate is usually preferably 5 mm or less and more preferably 3 mm or less in order to perform chemical strengthening treatment.
本発明の液晶表示装置においては、反射防止膜の視感反射率Ｒと、液晶パネルの接着剤層との界面における視感反射率ｒとが、ｒ＞Ｒ／（１−Ｒ）２の関係を満たす。そして、接着剤層の内部視感透過率を２０〜８５％とし、前記接着剤層が波長５８０〜６００ｎｍの間に吸収ピークを有する。これにより、液晶表示装置の明所コントラスト向上と、色再現性の向上を実現できる。 In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the relationship between the luminous reflectance R of the antireflection film and the luminous reflectance r at the interface with the adhesive layer of the liquid crystal panel is such that r> R / (1-R) 2 . Meet. The adhesive layer has an internal luminous transmittance of 20 to 85%, and the adhesive layer has an absorption peak between wavelengths of 580 to 600 nm. Thereby, it is possible to improve the bright place contrast and the color reproducibility of the liquid crystal display device.
本発明の液晶表示装置においては、反射防止膜の視感反射率Ｒと、液晶パネルの接着剤層との界面における視感反射率ｒとが、ｒ＞Ｒ／（１−Ｒ）２の関係を満たす。この関係は、外光が、カバー部材表面よりも、液晶パネルと接着剤層との界面で多く反射されることを意味する。上記した関係を満たしていれば、接着剤の特性を制御することにより、表示装置の明所コントラストを高くし、色再現性を向上できる。 In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the relationship between the luminous reflectance R of the antireflection film and the luminous reflectance r at the interface with the adhesive layer of the liquid crystal panel is such that r> R / (1-R) 2 . Meet. This relationship means that more external light is reflected at the interface between the liquid crystal panel and the adhesive layer than at the surface of the cover member. If the above relation is satisfied, the contrast of the display device can be increased and the color reproducibility can be improved by controlling the characteristics of the adhesive.
液晶表示装置において、上記のｒ＞Ｒ／（１−Ｒ）２の関係を満たすことは、種々の方法で実現できる。例えば、液晶パネルと接着剤層との界面における視感反射率ｒを測定し、上記した関係式を満足するような視感反射率Ｒが得られるように反射防止膜を設計して、カバー部材に製膜する方法が挙げられる。 In the liquid crystal display device, satisfying the relationship of r> R / (1-R) 2 can be realized by various methods. For example, the luminous reflectance r at the interface between the liquid crystal panel and the adhesive layer is measured, the antireflection film is designed so as to obtain the luminous reflectance R satisfying the relational expression described above, and the cover member The method of forming a film is mentioned.
本発明においては、接着剤層の内部視感透過率が２０％〜８５％である。前記内部視感透過率は、３０％〜８３％であることが好ましく、５０％〜８０％であることがさらに好ましい。接着剤層の内部視感透過率が８５％を超えると、前記視感反射率Ｒと前記視感反射率ｒが前記した関係を満たしても、液晶表示装置の明所コントラストを十分に向上できない。一方、内部視感反射率が２０％未満であると、液晶表示装置の色味が全体的に黒くなって、色調が低下するおそれがある。また、液晶パネルの発光量の絶対値が小さくなり、すなわち、バックライトの光のうち、液晶パネルの表示面から出射される光が少なくなり、エネルギーロスが大きくなるおそれがある。 In the present invention, the internal luminous transmittance of the adhesive layer is 20% to 85%. The internal luminous transmittance is preferably 30% to 83%, and more preferably 50% to 80%. When the internal luminous transmittance of the adhesive layer exceeds 85%, even if the luminous reflectance R and the luminous reflectance r satisfy the relationship described above, the bright place contrast of the liquid crystal display device cannot be sufficiently improved. . On the other hand, if the internal luminous reflectance is less than 20%, the color tone of the liquid crystal display device becomes black as a whole, and the color tone may be lowered. In addition, the absolute value of the light emission amount of the liquid crystal panel is reduced, that is, the light emitted from the display surface of the liquid crystal panel is reduced in the backlight light, which may increase the energy loss.
接着剤層の内部視感透過率を２０％〜８５％とする方法として次の構成が挙げられる。当該接着剤層中に光吸収剤を含有させる。光吸収剤としては、カーボンブラック、チタンブラック、酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛等の顔料および色素等の染料が挙げられる。内部視感透過率の制御には、例示した光吸収剤の種類と含有量とを適宜選択して決定する。例えば、カーボンブラック等は比較的少量でも内部視感透過率の低減に効果があるので、このような光吸収剤を使用する場合は、当該光吸収剤の含有量を低減することができ、接着剤層の接着力を劣化させることがないため、好ましく用いることができる。 The following structure is mentioned as a method of setting the internal luminous transmittance of the adhesive layer to 20% to 85%. A light absorber is contained in the adhesive layer. Examples of the light absorber include pigments such as carbon black, titanium black, titanium oxide, and zinc oxide, and dyes such as pigments. For the control of the internal luminous transmittance, the type and content of the exemplified light absorber are appropriately selected and determined. For example, carbon black and the like are effective in reducing the internal luminous transmittance even in a relatively small amount. Therefore, when using such a light absorber, the content of the light absorber can be reduced. Since the adhesive force of the agent layer is not deteriorated, it can be preferably used.
本発明においては、接着剤層は、波長５８０ｎｍ〜６００ｎｍの間に吸収ピークを有する。これによって、液晶パネルから発せられる光のうち、緑と赤の光を明確に分離することができ、液晶表示装置の色再現性を高くできる。 In the present invention, the adhesive layer has an absorption peak between wavelengths of 580 nm to 600 nm. Thereby, green light and red light can be clearly separated from the light emitted from the liquid crystal panel, and the color reproducibility of the liquid crystal display device can be enhanced.
接着剤層が５８０ｎｍ〜６００ｎｍの間に吸収ピークを有する構成としては、接着剤層に、５８０ｎｍ〜６００ｎｍの間に吸収ピークを有する色素等の染料または顔料を含有する方法が挙げられる。前記色素としては、コバルト系色素、鉄系色素、クロム系色素、チタン系色素、バナジウム系色素、ジルコニウム系色素、モリブデン系色素、ルテニウム系色素、白金系色素、ＩＴＯ系色素、ＡＴＯ系色素等が挙げられ、有機系顔料及び有機系染料としては、例えばアミニウム系色素、シアニン系色素、メロシアニン系色素、クロコニウム系色素、スクアリウム系色素、アズレニウム系色素、ポリメチン系色素、ナフトキノン系色素、ピリリウム系色素、フタロシアニン系色素、ナフタロシアニン系色素、ナフトラクタム系色素、アゾ系色素、縮合アゾ系色素、インジゴ系色素、ペリノン系色素、ペリレン系色素、ジオキサジン系色素、キナクリドン系色素、イソインドリノン系色素、キノフタロン系色素、ピロール系色素、チオインジゴ系色素、金属錯体系色素、ジチオール金属錯体系色素、インドールフェノール系色素、又はトリアリルメタン系色素等が挙げられる。この中でも、金属錯体系色素、アミニウム系色素、フタロシアニン系色素、ナフタロシアニン系色素、ピロール系色素などが好ましい。 Examples of the constitution in which the adhesive layer has an absorption peak between 580 nm and 600 nm include a method in which the adhesive layer contains a dye or pigment such as a dye having an absorption peak between 580 nm and 600 nm. Examples of the dye include cobalt dye, iron dye, chromium dye, titanium dye, vanadium dye, zirconium dye, molybdenum dye, ruthenium dye, platinum dye, ITO dye, and ATO dye. Examples of organic pigments and organic dyes include aminium dyes, cyanine dyes, merocyanine dyes, croconium dyes, squalium dyes, azurenium dyes, polymethine dyes, naphthoquinone dyes, pyrylium dyes, Phthalocyanine dyes, naphthalocyanine dyes, naphtholactam dyes, azo dyes, condensed azo dyes, indigo dyes, perinone dyes, perylene dyes, dioxazine dyes, quinacridone dyes, isoindolinone dyes, quinophthalone dyes Dye, pyrrole dye, thioindigo Containing metal complex dyes, dithiol metal complex dyes, indole phenol dyes, or triarylmethane dyes. Among these, metal complex dyes, aminium dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, naphthalocyanine dyes, pyrrole dyes, and the like are preferable.
接着剤層の内部視感透過率を２０％〜８５％とし、波長５８０〜６００ｎｍに吸収ピークを有するために、接着剤層に一種の色素を含むことが好ましい。これにより、高温または高湿の条件に液晶表示装置が置かれた場合に、接着剤層から色素がブリードアウトすることなどの不具合の発生を低減できる。 In order to set the internal luminous transmittance of the adhesive layer to 20% to 85% and have an absorption peak at a wavelength of 580 to 600 nm, it is preferable that the adhesive layer contains a kind of dye. Thereby, when the liquid crystal display device is placed under a high temperature or high humidity condition, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of problems such as bleeding out of the dye from the adhesive layer.
本発明において、接着剤層は、アクリル系樹脂、シリコーン系樹脂、ブタジエン系樹脂、ポリウレタン系樹脂等から構成することができる。種々の色素を分散させることができ、ブリードアウトを防止できる樹脂として、接着剤層は、アクリル系樹脂またはポリウレタン系樹脂から構成することが好ましい。 In the present invention, the adhesive layer can be composed of an acrylic resin, a silicone resin, a butadiene resin, a polyurethane resin, or the like. As a resin capable of dispersing various dyes and preventing bleeding out, the adhesive layer is preferably composed of an acrylic resin or a polyurethane resin.
本発明においては、カバー部材の周縁に印刷部を有してもよい。印刷部を設けることで、カバー部材に装飾を施すことができる。印刷部は、枠状印刷、ロゴ印刷等目的や用途に応じた印刷パターンを適宜選択された色で印刷して形成することができる。このような印刷部を設けることにより、液晶パネルに配設された配線などを遮蔽できるとともに、液晶パネルに関連する記号や文字を設けることができる。印刷方法は既知のいずれの方法も適用可能であるが、たとえば、スクリーン印刷が好適である。 In this invention, you may have a printing part in the periphery of a cover member. By providing the printing unit, the cover member can be decorated. The printing section can be formed by printing a printing pattern according to the purpose and application such as frame printing, logo printing, or the like in an appropriately selected color. By providing such a printing unit, it is possible to shield wirings disposed on the liquid crystal panel and to provide symbols and characters related to the liquid crystal panel. Although any known printing method can be applied, for example, screen printing is suitable.
カバー部材に印刷部を設ける場合、液晶表示装置の印刷部を含む領域の、ＣＩＥ １９７６ Ｌ＊ａ＊ｂ＊表色系で表される色と、液晶表示装置の表示部（非印刷部）を含む領域の、ＣＩＥ １９７６ Ｌ＊ａ＊ｂ＊表色系で表される色との差ΔＥが、下記式（１）を満たすことが好ましく、下記式（２）を満たすことがより好ましく、下記式（３）を満たすことがさらに好ましい。
０≦ΔＥ≦８ （１）
０≦ΔＥ≦６ （２）
０≦ΔＥ≦４ （３）
これによって、液晶表示装置の印刷部を含む領域と表示部（非印刷部）を含む領域との色差が低減されるので、液晶表示装置全体の色調が向上する。
In the case where a printing unit is provided on the cover member, the color represented by the CIE 1976 L * a * b * color system in the region including the printing unit of the liquid crystal display device and the display unit (non-printing unit) of the liquid crystal display device The difference ΔE between the included region and the color represented by the CIE 1976 L * a * b * color system preferably satisfies the following formula (1), more preferably satisfies the following formula (2), and It is more preferable to satisfy the formula (3).
0 ≦ ΔE ≦ 8 (1)
0 ≦ ΔE ≦ 6 (2)
0 ≦ ΔE ≦ 4 (3)
As a result, the color difference between the region including the printing unit and the region including the display unit (non-printing unit) of the liquid crystal display device is reduced, so that the color tone of the entire liquid crystal display device is improved.
ここで、ΔＥは、ＣＩＥ １９７６ Ｌ＊ａ＊ｂ＊表色系における液晶表示装置の印刷部を含む領域のＬ＊，ａ＊，ｂ＊と、液晶表示装置の表示部（非印刷部）を含む領域のＬ＊，ａ＊，ｂ＊との差の２乗した値の平方根（ΔＥ＝√｛（ΔＬ＊）２＋（Δａ＊）２＋（Δｂ＊）２｝）として表すことができる。 Here, ΔE represents L * , a * , b * of the region including the printing portion of the liquid crystal display device in the CIE 1976 L * a * b * color system and the display portion (non-printing portion) of the liquid crystal display device. It can be expressed as the square root (ΔE = √ {(ΔL * ) 2 + (Δa * ) 2 + (Δb * ) 2 }) of the square value of the difference between L * , a * , and b * of the included region. .
本発明において、カバーガラスは防眩層をさらに有することが好ましい。これによって、液晶表示装置に防眩機能を付すことができるようになる。防眩層は、カバーガラスの表面に防眩処理を施すことで形成できる。前記防眩層は、カバーガラスと反射防止膜との間に設けることが好ましい。 In the present invention, the cover glass preferably further has an antiglare layer. As a result, the liquid crystal display device can be provided with an anti-glare function. The antiglare layer can be formed by applying an antiglare treatment to the surface of the cover glass. The antiglare layer is preferably provided between the cover glass and the antireflection film.
化学的に防眩処理を行う方法としては、ガラス板のフロスト処理が挙げられる。フロスト処理は、例えば、フッ化水素とフッ化アンモニウムとの混合溶液に、被処理体であるガラス基板を浸漬することで実現できる。また、物理的に防眩処理を行う方法としては、例えば、結晶質二酸化ケイ素粉、炭化ケイ素粉等を加圧空気でガラス基板の主面に吹き付けるサンドブラスト処理や、結晶質二酸化ケイ素粉、炭化ケイ素粉等を付着させたブラシを水で湿らせたものを用いて擦る方法等を利用できる。 As a method for chemically anti-glare treatment, frost treatment of a glass plate can be mentioned. The frost treatment can be realized, for example, by immersing a glass substrate that is an object to be treated in a mixed solution of hydrogen fluoride and ammonium fluoride. Further, as a method for physically performing the anti-glare treatment, for example, a sand blast treatment in which a crystalline silicon dioxide powder, a silicon carbide powder or the like is sprayed on the main surface of the glass substrate with pressurized air, a crystalline silicon dioxide powder, a silicon carbide, or the like. A method of rubbing with a brush moistened with water with powder or the like attached thereto can be used.
防眩層を有するカバーガラスの表面は、表面粗さ（二乗平均粗さ、ＲＭＳ）が０．０１〜０．５μｍであることが好ましい。表面粗さ（ＲＭＳ）は、０．０１〜０．３μｍがより好ましく、０．０２〜０．２μｍがさらに好ましい。表面粗さ（ＲＭＳ）を上記範囲とすることで、防眩層を有する透明基板のヘイズ値を１〜３０％に調整することができる。なお、ヘイズ値は、ＪＩＳ Ｋ ７１３６（２０００）で規定される値である。 The surface of the cover glass having an antiglare layer preferably has a surface roughness (root mean square roughness, RMS) of 0.01 to 0.5 μm. The surface roughness (RMS) is more preferably 0.01 to 0.3 μm, further preferably 0.02 to 0.2 μm. By setting the surface roughness (RMS) within the above range, the haze value of the transparent substrate having the antiglare layer can be adjusted to 1 to 30%. The haze value is a value specified by JIS K 7136 (2000).
本発明では、カバー部材にさらに防汚膜を有することが好ましい。これによって、カバーガラス上の反射防止膜に対して、指紋跡のみならず汗や埃など様々な汚れの付着を抑えたり、汚れを拭き取りやすくしたり、汚れを目立ちにくくしたりするといった機能を付与することができ、表示面をきれいに保つことができる。また、タッチパネル操作の際にひっかかりのないスムーズな指滑り性を得ることが可能となる。防汚膜は、反射防止膜のカバー部材と対向しない面に設けることが好ましい。 In the present invention, it is preferable that the cover member further has an antifouling film. This gives the anti-reflective film on the cover glass functions to prevent not only fingerprint marks but also various types of dirt such as sweat and dust, make it easier to wipe off dirt, and make dirt less noticeable. The display surface can be kept clean. In addition, it is possible to obtain smooth finger slipperiness without being caught during touch panel operation. The antifouling film is preferably provided on the surface of the antireflection film that does not face the cover member.
防汚膜としては、防汚性、撥水性、撥油性を付与できる含フッ素有機ケイ素化合物被膜などが挙げられる。具体的には、含フッ素有機ケイ素化合物や、含フッ素加水分解性ケイ素化合物等が挙げられる。 Examples of the antifouling film include a fluorine-containing organic silicon compound film that can impart antifouling properties, water repellency, and oil repellency. Specific examples include fluorine-containing organic silicon compounds and fluorine-containing hydrolyzable silicon compounds.
含フッ素有機ケイ素化合物としては、パーフルオロアルキル基またはパーフルオロ（ポリオキシアルキレン）鎖を含むフルオロアルキル基等のフルオロアルキル基を有する化合物が挙げられる。 Examples of the fluorine-containing organosilicon compound include compounds having a fluoroalkyl group such as a perfluoroalkyl group or a fluoroalkyl group containing a perfluoro (polyoxyalkylene) chain.
フッ素含有加水分解性ケイ素化合物は、具体的には、パーフルオロポリエーテル基、パーフルオロアルキレン基及びパーフルオロアルキル基からなる群から選ばれる１つ以上の基を有する含フッ素加水分解性ケイ素化合物が挙げられる。これらは、撥水性、撥油性等の防汚性を有する。 The fluorine-containing hydrolyzable silicon compound is specifically a fluorine-containing hydrolyzable silicon compound having one or more groups selected from the group consisting of a perfluoropolyether group, a perfluoroalkylene group and a perfluoroalkyl group. Can be mentioned. These have antifouling properties such as water repellency and oil repellency.
防汚膜は、含フッ素有機ケイ素化合物や、含フッ素加水分解性ケイ素化合物等を含む組成物をスピンコート法、ディップコート法、キャスト法、スリットコート法、スプレーコート法等により塗布した後加熱処理する方法が挙げられる。また、含フッ素有機ケイ素化合物を気相蒸着させた後加熱処理する真空蒸着法等によっても防汚膜を形成できる。ガラス板と防汚膜との密着性を高くするには、真空蒸着法により防汚膜を形成することが好ましい。 The antifouling film is coated with a composition containing a fluorine-containing organosilicon compound or a fluorine-containing hydrolyzable silicon compound by spin coating, dip coating, casting, slit coating, spray coating, or the like, followed by heat treatment. The method of doing is mentioned. The antifouling film can also be formed by a vacuum vapor deposition method in which a fluorine-containing organosilicon compound is vapor-deposited and then heat-treated. In order to increase the adhesion between the glass plate and the antifouling film, it is preferable to form the antifouling film by a vacuum deposition method.
防汚膜の層厚は、特に制限されないが、２〜２０ｎｍであることが好ましく、２〜１５ｎｍであることがより好ましく、３〜１０ｎｍであることがさらに好ましい。層厚が２ｎｍ以上であれば、防汚膜によって反射防止膜の表面が均一に覆われた状態となり、耐擦り性の簡単で実用に耐えるものとなる。また、層厚が２０ｎｍ以下であれば、防汚膜が積層された状態での視感反射率やヘイズ値等の光学特性が良好である。 The layer thickness of the antifouling film is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 to 20 nm, more preferably 2 to 15 nm, and further preferably 3 to 10 nm. If the layer thickness is 2 nm or more, the surface of the antireflection film is uniformly covered by the antifouling film, and the abrasion resistance is simple and practical. Further, when the layer thickness is 20 nm or less, the optical properties such as luminous reflectance and haze value in a state where the antifouling film is laminated are good.
＜実施例１＞
ＨＹＤＩＳ社製の液晶パネル、旭硝子株式会社製のガラス板（ドラゴントレイル（登録商標））、および株式会社巴川製紙所製の接着剤（商品名：ＭＫ６４）に吸収ピーク波長が５８５ｎｍとなるように色素を混ぜた接着剤１（厚さが１００μｍ）を準備した。
<Example 1>
Pigment so that the absorption peak wavelength is 585 nm in a liquid crystal panel manufactured by HYDIS, a glass plate manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. (Dragon Trail (registered trademark)), and an adhesive manufactured by Yodogawa Paper Co., Ltd. (trade name: MK64) An adhesive 1 (with a thickness of 100 μm) was prepared.
まず、ガラス板の一面に以下の貼順により、反射防止膜を形成した。
真空チャンバー内で、アルゴンガスに１０体積％の酸素ガスを混合した混合ガスを導入しながら、酸化ニオブターゲット（ＡＧＣセラミックス社製、商品名：ＮＢＯターゲット）を用いて、圧力０．３Ｐａ、周波数２０ｋＨｚ、電力密度３．８Ｗ／ｃｍ２、反転パルス幅５μｓｅｃの条件でパルススパッタリングを行い、ガラス基板の一方の面上に、厚さ１３ｎｍの酸化ニオブからなる高屈折率層を形成した。
First, an antireflection film was formed on one surface of the glass plate in the following order.
Using a niobium oxide target (trade name: NBO target, manufactured by AGC Ceramics Co., Ltd.) while introducing a mixed gas of argon gas mixed with 10% by volume in a vacuum chamber, pressure 0.3 Pa, frequency 20 kHz Then, pulse sputtering was performed under the conditions of a power density of 3.8 W / cm 2 and an inversion pulse width of 5 μsec, and a high refractive index layer made of niobium oxide having a thickness of 13 nm was formed on one surface of the glass substrate.
次いで、アルゴンガスに４０体積％の酸素ガスを混合した混合ガスを導入しながら、シリコンターゲットを用いて、圧力０．３Ｐａ、周波数２０ｋＨｚ、電力密度３．８Ｗ／ｃｍ２、反転パルス幅５μｓｅｃの条件でパルス幅５μｓｅｃの条件でパルススパッタリングを行い、前記高屈折率層上に厚さ３５ｎｍの酸化ケイ素（シリカ）からなる低屈折率層を形成した。 Next, while introducing a mixed gas obtained by mixing 40% by volume of oxygen gas into argon gas, using a silicon target, conditions of pressure 0.3 Pa, frequency 20 kHz, power density 3.8 W / cm 2 , and inversion pulse width 5 μsec Then, pulse sputtering was performed under the condition of a pulse width of 5 μsec, and a low refractive index layer made of silicon oxide (silica) having a thickness of 35 nm was formed on the high refractive index layer.
次いで、１層目と同様にして、前記低屈折率層上に厚さ１１５ｎｍの酸化ニオブ（ニオビア）からなる高屈折率層を形成した。次いで、２層目と同様にして、厚さ９０ｎｍの酸化ケイ素（シリカ）からなる低屈折率層を形成した。
このようにして、酸化ニオブ（ニオビア）と酸化ケイ素（シリカ）とが合計４層積層された反射防止膜を形成した。
Next, in the same manner as in the first layer, a high refractive index layer made of niobium oxide (niobium) having a thickness of 115 nm was formed on the low refractive index layer. Next, in the same manner as the second layer, a low refractive index layer made of silicon oxide (silica) having a thickness of 90 nm was formed.
In this way, an antireflection film was formed in which a total of four layers of niobium oxide (niobia) and silicon oxide (silica) were laminated.
ガラス板の反射防止膜を有しない面に、ＣＬＩＭＢ ＰＲＯＤＵＣＴ株式会社製（装置名：ＳＥ６５０ａａａ）を用いて接着剤１を貼り付けた。次に、接着剤１が貼り付いているガラス板と前記液晶パネルの表示面とを当該接着剤１を介して貼り合わせた。その後、これをオートクレーブ内に入れて、貼合界面から気泡を除去した。これにより、反射防止膜を有するガラス板が、接着剤１を介して液晶パネル上に配設された液晶表示装置を作製した。 Adhesive 1 was affixed to the surface of the glass plate that does not have an antireflection film by using CLIMB PRODUCT (device name: SE650aaa). Next, the glass plate to which the adhesive 1 was adhered and the display surface of the liquid crystal panel were bonded together via the adhesive 1. Thereafter, this was put in an autoclave to remove bubbles from the bonding interface. Thus, a liquid crystal display device in which a glass plate having an antireflection film was disposed on the liquid crystal panel via the adhesive 1 was produced.
液晶表示装置の各特性は以下のようにして評価した。 Each characteristic of the liquid crystal display device was evaluated as follows.
（反射防止膜表面の視感反射率Ｒ）
液晶パネルに配設していない反射防止膜を有するガラス板を用いて、反射防止膜表面の視感反射率Ｒを求めた。
反射防止膜表面の視感反射率をＲ、反射防止膜を有するガラス板の視感反射率をＲａ、ガラス板の反射防止膜を有さない面（裏面）と空気との界面の視感反射率をＲｂとすると、反射防止膜に吸収がない場合、これらは、Ｒａ＝Ｒ＋Ｒｂ×（１−Ｒ）２の関係式で表される。
ここで、Ｒｂは、ガラス板の屈折率より既知である。分光測色計（コニカミノルタジャパン株式会社製、商品名：ＣＭ−２６００ｄ）を用いて、分光反射率をＳＣＩモードで測定し、その反射率から、視感反射率Ｒａ（ＪＩＳ Ｚ ８７０１（１９９９年）において規定されている反射の刺激値Ｙ）を算出する。なお、視感反射率Ｒａの測定において、波長間隔は１０ｎｍとし、光源はＤ６５光源とした。
前記式と、ＲａとＲｂの値から、反射防止膜表面の視感反射率Ｒを算出する。
(The luminous reflectance R of the antireflection film surface)
The luminous reflectance R on the surface of the antireflection film was determined using a glass plate having an antireflection film that is not disposed on the liquid crystal panel.
R is the luminous reflectance of the surface of the antireflection film, Ra is the luminous reflectance of the glass plate having the antireflection film, and the luminous reflection of the interface between the surface (back surface) of the glass plate not having the antireflection film and air. When the rate is Rb, when there is no absorption in the antireflection film, these are represented by the relational expression Ra = R + Rb × (1−R) 2 .
Here, Rb is known from the refractive index of the glass plate. Using a spectrocolorimeter (manufactured by Konica Minolta Japan Co., Ltd., trade name: CM-2600d), the spectral reflectance was measured in the SCI mode. From the reflectance, luminous reflectance Ra (JIS Z 8701 (1999) was measured. The stimulation value Y) of the reflection defined in (1) is calculated. In the measurement of luminous reflectance Ra, the wavelength interval was 10 nm, and the light source was a D65 light source.
The luminous reflectance R of the antireflection film surface is calculated from the above formula and the values of Ra and Rb.
（接着剤層の内部視感透過率）
厚さ１００μｍの接着剤１をガラス板に貼り合わせ、その上から厚さ１００μｍの透明接着剤（リンテック株式会社製、商品名：ＳＹ粘着剤）を貼り合わせて評価サンプルを作製した。評価サンプルの作製に用いたものと同じガラス板に厚さ１００μｍの透明接着剤（リンテック株式会社製、商品名：ＳＹ粘着剤）を貼り合わせて参照サンプルを作製した。
評価サンプルと参照サンプルをそれぞれ透過率測定し、これらの比（評価サンプルの透過率／参照サンプルの透過率）を取ることで、接着剤１の内部視感透過率を計算した。なお、測定は、波長が３６０〜７４０ｎｍの範囲の内部視感透過率を測定し、内部視感透過率の測定は紫外可視近赤外分光光度計（株式会社 島津製作所社製、商品名：ＳｏｌｉｄＳｐｅｃ３７００）を使用した。測定波長間隔は５ｎｍで行った。
(Internal luminous transmittance of adhesive layer)
An adhesive 1 having a thickness of 100 μm was bonded to a glass plate, and a transparent adhesive having a thickness of 100 μm (trade name: SY pressure-sensitive adhesive, manufactured by Lintec Corporation) was bonded thereon to produce an evaluation sample. A reference sample was prepared by laminating a transparent adhesive having a thickness of 100 μm (manufactured by Lintec Corporation, trade name: SY pressure-sensitive adhesive) on the same glass plate used for preparing the evaluation sample.
The transmittance of each of the evaluation sample and the reference sample was measured, and the internal luminous transmittance of the adhesive 1 was calculated by taking these ratios (the transmittance of the evaluation sample / the transmittance of the reference sample). In addition, the measurement measures the internal luminous transmittance in a wavelength range of 360 to 740 nm, and the measurement of the internal luminous transmittance is an ultraviolet-visible near-infrared spectrophotometer (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, trade name: SolidSpec 3700). )It was used. The measurement wavelength interval was 5 nm.
（接着剤層の吸収ピーク波長）
内部視感透過スペクトルのうち、４００ｎｍ〜７００ｎｍの範囲で最小の透過率の波長を、吸収ピーク波長とした。
(Absorption peak wavelength of adhesive layer)
Of the internal luminous transmission spectrum, the wavelength having the minimum transmittance in the range of 400 nm to 700 nm was defined as the absorption peak wavelength.
（液晶パネルと接着剤層との界面の視感反射率ｒ）
液晶表示装置を用いて、液晶パネルと接着剤１との界面の視感反射率ｒを求めた。
前記視感反射率ｒ、液晶表示装置の反射防止膜を有するガラス板の視感反射率ｒａ、接着剤層の内部視感透過率Ｔ、および反射防止膜の表面の反射率Ｒとすると、これらは、ｒａ＝Ｒ＋ｒ×Ｔ２（１−Ｒ）２の関係が成立する。
ここで、Ｒ及びＴは、上述のようにして測定された値を用いる。分光測色計（コニカミノルタジャパン株式会社製、商品名：ＣＭ−２６００ｄ）を用いて、分光反射率をＳＣＩモードで測定し、その反射率から、視感反射率ｒａ（ＪＩＳ Ｚ ８７０１（１９９９年）において規定されている反射の刺激値Ｙ）を求めた。なお、波長間隔は１０ｎｍとし、光源はＤ６５光源とした。
前記式と、Ｒ、Ｔおよびｒａの値から、液晶パネルと接着剤１との界面の視感反射率ｒを算出する。
(The luminous reflectance r at the interface between the liquid crystal panel and the adhesive layer)
Using the liquid crystal display device, the luminous reflectance r of the interface between the liquid crystal panel and the adhesive 1 was determined.
When the luminous reflectance r, the luminous reflectance ra of the glass plate having the antireflection film of the liquid crystal display device, the internal luminous transmittance T of the adhesive layer, and the reflectance R of the surface of the antireflection film, these are given. Is established as ra = R + r × T 2 (1−R) 2 .
Here, R and T use the values measured as described above. Using a spectrocolorimeter (manufactured by Konica Minolta Japan Co., Ltd., trade name: CM-2600d), the spectral reflectance was measured in the SCI mode. From the reflectance, luminous reflectance ra (JIS Z 8701 (1999) was measured. The stimulation value Y) of reflex as defined in) was determined. The wavelength interval was 10 nm and the light source was a D65 light source.
The luminous reflectance r of the interface between the liquid crystal panel and the adhesive 1 is calculated from the above formula and the values of R, T, and ra.
（明所コントラスト）
照度を３００ルクスに調整した屋内に液晶表示装置を設置し、分光放射輝度計（コニカミノルタ株式会社製、商品名ＣＳ−１０００）を液晶表示装置の表示面から６０ｃｍの位置に設置した。画面に黒と白を発色させてそれらの発光強度比を取ることにより、明所コントラストを測定した。
(Light place contrast)
A liquid crystal display device was installed indoors with the illuminance adjusted to 300 lux, and a spectral radiance meter (trade name CS-1000, manufactured by Konica Minolta Co., Ltd.) was installed at a position 60 cm from the display surface of the liquid crystal display device. The photopic contrast was measured by coloring black and white on the screen and taking the emission intensity ratio.
（ＮＴＳＣ比）
色再現性を評価する指標として、ＮＴＳＣ比を利用した。ＮＴＳＣ比は以下の方法で測定した。
照度を３００ルクスに調整した室内に液晶表示装置を設置し、分光放射輝度計（コニカミノルタ株式会社製、商品名ＣＳ−１０００）を液晶表示装置の表示面から６０ｃｍの位置に設置した。その後、液晶表示装置の画面で、ＲＧＢ値が（２５５、０、０）、（０、２５５、０）、（０、０、２５５）の色をそれぞれ発色させ、分光放射輝度計で各色を発色させた場合の発光スペクトルを測定した。各発光スペクトルからＪＩＳ Ｚ ８７０１に規定されているｘ、ｙをそれぞれ求めた。３点の（ｘ、ｙ）を結んで得られる三角形の面積と、（０．６７、０．３３）、（０．２１、０．７１）、（０．１４、０．０８）を結んで得られる三角形の面積の比から、ＮＴＳＣ比を算出した。
(Compared to NTSC)
NTSC ratio was used as an index for evaluating color reproducibility. The NTSC ratio was measured by the following method.
A liquid crystal display device was installed in a room whose illuminance was adjusted to 300 lux, and a spectral radiance meter (trade name CS-1000, manufactured by Konica Minolta Co., Ltd.) was installed at a position 60 cm from the display surface of the liquid crystal display device. Then, on the screen of the liquid crystal display device, colors of RGB values (255, 0, 0), (0, 255, 0), (0, 0, 255) are developed, and each color is developed with a spectral radiance meter. The emission spectrum when measured was measured. From each emission spectrum, x and y defined in JIS Z 8701 were determined. Triangular area obtained by connecting 3 points (x, y) and (0.67, 0.33), (0.21, 0.71), (0.14, 0.08) The NTSC ratio was calculated from the ratio of the area of the obtained triangle.
（印刷部と表示部（非印刷部）との色差）
まず、液晶表示装置の表示部を４×４等分した格子の交点、計９点において以下のようにして色を測定した。次に、表示部の周囲の印刷部の四隅の４点と、各四辺の中点の４点の計８点を、以下のようにして色を測定した。
(Color difference between print and display (non-print))
First, the color was measured as follows at a total of nine points of intersection of lattices obtained by dividing the display portion of the liquid crystal display device into 4 × 4 equal parts. Next, the color was measured in the following manner for a total of 8 points, 4 points at the four corners of the printed portion around the display portion and 4 points at the midpoint of each side.
分光測色計（コニカミノルタ株式会社製、形式：ＣＭ−２６００ｄ）により、液晶表示装置の反射防止処理を施された側の面の分光反射率をＳＣＩモードで測定し、その反射率から、印刷部及び表示部における視感反射率（ＪＩＳ Ｚ ８７２９において規定されている色指標Ｌ＊、ａ＊、ｂ＊）を求めた。そして、印刷部及び表示部のＬ＊、ａ＊、ｂ＊の平均値の差（ΔＬ＊ ａｖｅ、Δａ＊ ａｖｅ、Δｂ＊ ａｖｅ）によって、印刷部及び表示部の色差ΔＥを下記計算式によって求めた。
ΔＥ＝√｛（ΔＬ＊ ａｖｅ）２＋（Δａ＊ ａｖｅ）２＋（Δｂ＊ ａｖｅ）２｝
A spectral colorimeter (manufactured by Konica Minolta Co., Ltd., model: CM-2600d) is used to measure the spectral reflectance of the antireflection surface of the liquid crystal display device in the SCI mode and print from the reflectance. The luminous reflectance (color index L * , a * , b * defined in JIS Z 8729) in the display part and the display part was obtained. Then, the color difference ΔE between the printing unit and the display unit is obtained by the following calculation formula by using the difference between the average values of L * , a * , b * (ΔL * ave , Δa * ave , Δb * ave ) of the printing unit and the display unit. It was.
ΔE = √ {(ΔL * ave ) 2 + (Δa * ave ) 2 + (Δb * ave ) 2 }
＜実施例２＞
反射防止膜の各層の厚さをガラス板側から順に、酸化ニオブ（ＮＢＯ）が１３ｎｍ、二酸化ケイ素が３６ｎｍ、酸化ニオブ（ＮＢＯ）が１３０ｎｍおよび二酸化ケイ素が７５ｎｍに変更したこと以外は実施例１と同様にして、液晶表示装置を作製した。
<Example 2>
The thickness of each layer of the antireflection film was changed from that of the glass plate side to Example 1 except that niobium oxide (NBO) was 13 nm, silicon dioxide was 36 nm, niobium oxide (NBO) was 130 nm, and silicon dioxide was 75 nm. Similarly, a liquid crystal display device was produced.
＜実施例３＞
接着剤として、株式会社巴川製紙所製の接着剤（商品名：ＭＫ６４）に吸収ピーク波長が５９５ｎｍとなるように色素を混ぜた接着剤２（厚さが１００μｍ）を使用したこと以外は、実施例１と同様にして液晶表示装置を作製した。
<Example 3>
Implemented except that Adhesive 2 (thickness: 100 μm) in which a dye was mixed so that the absorption peak wavelength was 595 nm was used as the adhesive (manufactured by Yodogawa Paper Mill, Inc.) (trade name: MK64) A liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
＜比較例１＞
接着剤として、株式会社巴川製紙所製の接着剤（商品名：ＭＫ６４）に色素を混ぜないものを使用したこと以外は、実施例１と同様に液晶表示装置を作製した。
<Comparative Example 1>
A liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an adhesive (trade name: MK64) manufactured by Yodogawa Paper Co., Ltd., which was not mixed with a pigment, was used as the adhesive.
＜比較例２＞
反射防止膜を厚さ１２０ｎｍのＭｇＦ２単層で構成し、接着剤として、株式会社巴川製紙所製の接着剤（商品名：ＭＫ６４）に吸収ピーク波長が５９０ｎｍとなるように色素を混ぜた接着剤３（厚さが１００μｍ）を使用したこと以外は、実施例１と同様にして液晶表示装置を作製した。
<Comparative Example 2>
An antireflection film is composed of a single layer of MgF 2 having a thickness of 120 nm, and an adhesive prepared by mixing a dye so that the absorption peak wavelength is 590 nm in an adhesive (trade name: MK64) manufactured by Yodogawa Paper Co., Ltd. A liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the agent 3 (having a thickness of 100 μm) was used.
＜比較例３＞
接着剤として、株式会社巴川製紙所製の接着剤（商品名：ＭＫ６４）に吸収ピーク波長が５００ｎｍとなるように色素を混ぜた接着剤４（厚さが１００μｍ）を使用したこと以外は、実施例１と同様に液晶表示装置を作製した。
<Comparative Example 3>
Except that Adhesive 4 (thickness: 100 μm) in which a dye was mixed with an adhesive (trade name: MK64) manufactured by Yodogawa Paper Co., Ltd. so that the absorption peak wavelength was 500 nm was used as the adhesive. A liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
＜参考例＞
実施例１の液晶表示装置における明所コントラスト、ＮＴＳＣ比及び印刷部と表示部（非印刷部）との色差を評価して表１に示した。
<Reference example>
The bright place contrast, NTSC ratio, and color difference between the printing portion and the display portion (non-printing portion) in the liquid crystal display device of Example 1 were evaluated and shown in Table 1.
表１に示されたとおり、実施例１〜３は、明所コントラストが高く、色再現性の指標となるＮＴＳＣ比が大きい。また、印刷部と表示部との色差が小さい。これに対し、接着剤の中に色素を含まないため、接着剤の内部透過率が高く、吸収ピークを有さない比較例１は、明所コントラストが相対的に低く、印刷部と表示部との色差が大きい。反射防止膜の視感反射率Ｒが１％を超える比較例２は、明所コントラストが相対的に低い。接着剤の吸収ピークが５８０ｎｍよりも短い波長にある比較例３は、相対的に明所コントラストが低く、また、ＮＴＳＣ比が小さいので色再現性が低い。 As shown in Table 1, Examples 1 to 3 have high bright place contrast and a large NTSC ratio that is an index of color reproducibility. In addition, the color difference between the printing unit and the display unit is small. On the other hand, since the adhesive does not contain a pigment, the internal transmittance of the adhesive is high, and Comparative Example 1 having no absorption peak has a relatively low bright place contrast. The color difference is large. In Comparative Example 2 in which the luminous reflectance R of the antireflection film exceeds 1%, the bright place contrast is relatively low. Comparative Example 3 in which the absorption peak of the adhesive is at a wavelength shorter than 580 nm has a relatively low photopic contrast and a low NTSC ratio, so that the color reproducibility is low.
以上、本発明のいくつかの実施形態を説明したが、これらの実施形態は例として掲示したものであり、発明の範囲を限定することは意図していない。これら新規な実施形態は、その他の様々な形態で実施されることが可能であり、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、種々の省略、置き換え、変更を行うことができる。 As mentioned above, although several embodiment of this invention was described, these embodiment was posted as an example and is not intending limiting the range of invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
前記カバー部材の液晶パネルと対向しない面に反射防止膜を有し、
前記反射防止膜の表面の視感反射率Ｒと、前記液晶パネルの前記接着剤層との界面における視感反射率ｒとは、ｒ＞Ｒ／（１−Ｒ）２の関係を満たし、
前記反射防止膜の表面の視感反射率Ｒが１％以下であり、
前記接着剤層の内部視感透過率が２０〜８５％であり、
前記接着剤層は波長５８０〜６００ｎｍの間に吸収ピークを有する、
ことを特徴とする、液晶表示装置。 A display device having a liquid crystal panel and a cover member disposed on the liquid crystal panel via an adhesive layer,
An antireflection film is provided on the surface of the cover member that does not face the liquid crystal panel,
The luminous reflectance R on the surface of the antireflection film and the luminous reflectance r at the interface between the liquid crystal panel and the adhesive layer satisfy the relationship r> R / (1-R) 2 ,
The luminous reflectance R of the surface of the antireflection film is 1% or less,
The internal luminous transmittance of the adhesive layer is 20 to 85%,
The adhesive layer has an absorption peak between wavelengths 580 to 600 nm,
A liquid crystal display device.
請求項１に記載の液晶表示装置。 The antireflection film is formed by alternately laminating a high refractive index layer having a refractive index of 1.9 nm or more and a low refractive index layer having a refractive index of 1.6 or less of light having a wavelength of 550 nm. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, which is a film.
請求項１又は２に記載の液晶表示装置。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive layer includes an acrylic resin or polyurethane resin adhesive.
前記液晶表示装置における前記印刷部の領域と、前記液晶表示装置における表示部の領域とは、ＣＩＥ １９７６ Ｌ＊ａ＊ｂ＊表色系で表される色の差ΔＥが、下記式（１）を満たす
請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の液晶表示装置。
０≦ΔＥ≦８ （１） The cover member has a printing portion at the periphery,
The color difference ΔE expressed by the CIE 1976 L * a * b * color system is defined by the following formula (1) between the area of the printing unit in the liquid crystal display device and the area of the display unit in the liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein
0 ≦ ΔE ≦ 8 (1)
請求項１〜４のいずれか１項に記載の液晶表示装置。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the cover member further has an antiglare layer.
請求項１〜５のいずれか１項に記載の液晶表示装置。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the cover member further has an antifouling film.
請求項６に記載の液晶表示装置。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 6, wherein the antifouling film is a fluorine-containing organosilicon compound film.
請求項１〜７のいずれか１項に記載の液晶表示装置。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the cover member is chemically tempered glass.
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