JP2018146465A - Hardness testing machine and program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hardness testing machine which eliminates the trouble of adjustment work required when an indenter is replaced, and furthermore can perform accurate measurement without causing no measurement error due to an inclination of a dent, and to provide a program.SOLUTION: A hardness testing machine 100 for measuring the hardness of a sample S by measuring the dimensions of a dent formed in the sample S comprises: imaging control means (CPU 61) acquiring image data of the surface of the sample S; extraction means (CPU 61) extracting the vertex coordinates of the dent on the basis of the image data; calculation means (CPU 61) calculating the angle of inclination and center coordinates of the dent with respect to a baseline on the basis of the vertex coordinates; and display control means (CPU 61) correcting image data or data of a measurement line L...... such that the measurement line L...... and a line segment whose length is measured by the measurement line L...... are orthogonal to each other to display an image which is based on the image data and to display the measurement line L...... on display means (monitor 8).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a hardness tester and a program.

Conventionally, indentation-type hardness, such as the Vickers hardness test method and Knoop hardness test method, that presses a polygonal indenter against the sample surface and measures the hardness from the length of the diagonal line of the indentation that occurs on the sample surface Test methods are well known and are often used to evaluate mechanical properties of metal materials (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

JP-A-8-122238 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-123038

In the case of a hardness test by a hardness tester, the operator reads the indentation imaged by the imaging means. In this case, for example, on the monitor, it is possible to approach and separate while maintaining a parallel relationship. A pair of measurement lines are displayed along two orthogonal directions, and the length of the diagonal line is measured by moving the measurement lines.
In this case, for example, as shown in FIG. 6B, the measurement of the diagonal length of the indentation is performed in parallel with the measurement lines arranged so as to overlap the apexes of the indentation. This is done by measuring the interval of the measured lines.

  Therefore, the test indenter is such that the diagonal line of the indent formed by the indenter is parallel to the vertical or horizontal direction of the monitor on the monitor and orthogonal to the measurement line for measuring the length of the diagonal line. Although it is necessary to attach the indenter to the hardness tester, it is difficult to attach the indenter in this way at once, and there is a high possibility that a tilt in the rotation direction will occur. And when such an inclination occurs, in order to correct the inclination, it is necessary to adjust by rotating the indenter while confirming the indentation shape of the captured image after performing the indentation work once. is there.

  However, it is very troublesome to perform the adjustment work every time the indenter is replaced. In addition, complete manual adjustment is difficult, and if the tilt remains even if it cannot be completely adjusted, the diagonal length will be read shorter than the actual diagonal length. The value is calculated to be larger than the original value.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a hardness tester and a program capable of performing an accurate measurement without causing a measurement error due to a tilt of a dent while omitting the adjustment work at the time of exchanging the indenter.

The invention described in claim 1 has been made to achieve the above object,
In a hardness tester for measuring the hardness of the sample by applying a predetermined test force to the surface of the sample with an indenter to form a recess and measuring the size of the recess,
Imaging control means for controlling the imaging means to image the surface of the sample on which the dent is formed, and acquiring image data of the surface of the sample;
Based on the image data acquired by the imaging control means, extraction means for extracting the vertex coordinates of the depression formed on the surface of the sample;
Based on the vertex coordinates extracted by the extracting means, calculating means for calculating the inclination angle of the depression and the center coordinates of the depression with respect to a reference line;
Based on the tilt angle calculated by the calculating means, the measurement data displayed together with the image based on the image data and the image data or the line so that a line segment measuring the length of the measurement line is orthogonal to each other. Display control means for correcting the data of the measurement line and displaying the image based on the image data and the measurement line on a display means;
It is characterized by providing.

The invention according to claim 2 is the hardness tester according to claim 1,
The display control unit rotates an image based on image data around the center coordinate based on the tilt angle calculated by the calculation unit.

The invention according to claim 3 is the hardness tester according to claim 1,
The display control unit rotates the measurement line around the center coordinate based on the tilt angle calculated by the calculation unit.

The invention according to claim 4
A hardness tester computer that measures the hardness of the sample by applying a predetermined test force to the surface of the sample with an indenter to form a dent and measuring the size of the dent.
Imaging control means for controlling the imaging means to image the surface of the sample on which the dent is formed, and acquiring image data of the surface of the sample;
Extraction means for extracting the vertex coordinates of the depression formed on the surface of the sample based on the image data acquired by the imaging control means;
Based on the vertex coordinates extracted by the extraction means, calculation means for calculating the inclination angle of the depression and the center coordinates of the depression with respect to a reference line;
Based on the tilt angle calculated by the calculating means, the measurement data displayed together with the image based on the image data and the image data or the line so that a line segment measuring the length of the measurement line is orthogonal to each other. Display control means for correcting the data of the measurement line and displaying the image based on the image data and the measurement line on a display means;
It is a program that functions as

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a hardness tester and a program capable of performing an accurate measurement without causing a measurement error due to the inclination of the dent while omitting the adjustment work at the time of exchanging the indenter.

It is a perspective view showing the whole hardness testing machine composition concerning an embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the testing machine main body of the hardness testing machine which concerns on embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the hardness measurement part of the hardness tester which concerns on embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the control structure of the hardness tester which concerns on embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement after the hollow formation of the hardness tester which concerns on embodiment. (A) is a figure which shows an example of an inclination angle etc. in case the hardness tester which concerns on embodiment is a Vickers hardness tester. (B) is a figure which shows an example of the measurement of the diagonal length on a monitor in case the hardness tester which concerns on embodiment is a Vickers hardness tester. (A) is a figure which shows an example of an inclination angle etc. in case the hardness tester which concerns on embodiment is a Knoop hardness tester. (B) is a figure which shows an example of the measurement of the diagonal length on a monitor in case the hardness tester which concerns on embodiment is a Knoop hardness tester. (A) is a figure which shows an example of an inclination angle etc. in case the hardness tester which concerns on embodiment is a Martens hardness tester. (B) is a figure which shows an example of the measurement of the length of one side of the equilateral triangle on a monitor in case the hardness tester which concerns on embodiment is a Martens hardness tester. It is a figure which shows an example of the display angle of a measurement line, etc. in the hardness tester which concerns on a modification.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the X direction in FIG. 1 is the left-right direction, the Y direction is the front-rear direction, and the Z direction is the up-down direction. The XY plane is a horizontal plane.

(Description of configuration)
The hardness tester 100 is, for example, a Vickers hardness tester in which the planar shape of the indenter 14a is formed in a rectangular shape, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tester main body 10, the control unit 6, An operation unit 7 and a monitor 8 are provided.

  The testing machine main body 10 is focused on the hardness measuring unit 1 that measures the hardness of the sample S, the sample stage 2 on which the sample S is placed, the XY stage 3 that moves the sample stage 2, and the surface of the sample S. An AF stage 4 for alignment and an elevating mechanism unit 5 for elevating and lowering the sample stage 2 (XY stage 3 and AF stage 4) are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the hardness measurement unit 1 includes an illumination device 11 that illuminates the surface of the sample S, a CCD camera 12 that images the surface of the sample S, an indenter shaft 14 including an indenter 14 a, and an objective lens 15. And a turret 16 capable of switching between the indenter shaft 14 and the objective lens 15 by rotating.

  The illumination device 11 illuminates the surface of the sample S by irradiating light, and the light emitted from the illumination device 11 passes through the lens 1a, the half mirror 1d, the mirror 1e, and the objective lens 15, and the sample S. To reach the surface.

Based on the reflected light input from the surface of the sample S through the objective lens 15, the mirror 1e, the half mirror 1d, the mirror 1g, and the lens 1h, the CCD camera 12 uses the surface of the sample S and the indenter 14a to Image data is acquired by imaging a depression formed on the surface, and the image data of a plurality of frames is output to the control unit 6 via a frame grabber 17 that can be stored and stored simultaneously.
Thereby, the CCD camera 12 functions as an imaging unit.

  The indenter shaft 14 is moved toward the sample S placed on the sample stage 2 by a load mechanism unit (not shown) driven in accordance with a control signal output from the control unit 6, and an indenter 14 a provided at the distal end portion. Is pressed against the surface of the sample S with a predetermined test force.

  The objective lens 15 is a condensing lens having different magnifications, and is held by a plurality of lower surfaces of the turret 16. The objective lens 15 is irradiated from the illumination device 11 by being arranged above the sample S by the rotation of the turret 16. The surface of the sample S is irradiated with light uniformly.

  The turret 16 is provided with an indenter shaft 14 and a plurality of objective lenses 15 on the lower surface, and rotates around the Z-axis direction to switch any one of the indenter shaft 14 and the plurality of objective lenses 15. It is configured so that it can be placed above S. That is, it is possible to form a depression on the surface of the sample S by disposing the indenter shaft 14 above the sample S, and to observe the formed depression by disposing the objective lens 15 above the sample S. It becomes.

The sample stage 2 fixes the sample S placed on the upper surface by the sample fixing part 2a.
The XY stage 3 is driven by a drive mechanism unit (not shown) that is driven in accordance with a control signal output from the control unit 6, and moves the sample stage 2 in a direction (X-axis) perpendicular to the moving direction (Z-axis direction) of the indenter 14 a. , Y axis direction).
The AF stage 4 is driven in accordance with a control signal output from the control unit 6, and finely raises and lowers the sample stage 2 based on image data captured by the CCD camera 12 to focus on the surface of the sample S.
The lifting mechanism unit 5 is driven according to a control signal output from the control unit 6, and moves the sample table 2 (XY stage 3, AF stage 4) in the vertical direction so that the sample table 2 and the objective lens 15 are moved. Change the relative distance between.

  The operation unit 7 includes a keyboard 71, a mouse 72, and the like, and causes an input operation by the user when performing a hardness test. When a predetermined input operation is performed by the operation unit 7, a predetermined operation signal corresponding to the input operation is output to the control unit 6.

The monitor 8 is composed of a display device such as an LCD, for example, and the hardness test setting conditions input from the operation unit 7 and the result of the hardness test, the surface of the sample S imaged by the CCD camera 12 and the sample S. An image of a dent formed on the surface of the screen is displayed.
Thereby, the monitor 8 functions as a display means.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the control unit 6 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 61, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 62, a storage unit 63, and the like, and a predetermined program stored in the storage unit 63 is executed. Thus, it has a function of performing operation control for performing a predetermined hardness test.

  The CPU 61 reads the processing program stored in the storage unit 63, develops it in the RAM 62, and executes it, thereby controlling the entire hardness tester 100.

  The RAM 62 develops the processing program executed by the CPU 61 in the program storage area in the RAM 62, and stores the input data and the processing result generated when the processing program is executed in the data storage area.

  The storage unit 63 includes, for example, a recording medium (not shown) that stores programs, data, and the like, and this recording medium is configured by a semiconductor memory or the like. In addition, the storage unit 63 stores various data, various processing programs, data processed by executing these programs, and the like for realizing the function of the CPU 61 controlling the entire hardness tester 100. More specifically, the storage unit 63 stores, for example, an XY stage control program, an automatic focusing program, a dent formation program, an imaging control program, an extraction program, a calculation program, and a display control program.

(Description of operation)
Next, the operation of the hardness tester 100 according to this embodiment will be described.
First, the CPU 61 executes the XY stage control program stored in the storage unit 63 to move the XY stage 3 so that a predetermined area on the surface of the sample S is located directly below the CCD camera 12.
Next, the CPU 61 moves the AF stage 4 up and down based on the image data obtained by the CCD camera 12 of the hardness measurement unit 1 by executing an automatic focusing program stored in the storage unit 63, and the sample Automatic focusing on the surface of S.
Then, the CPU 61 executes the dent formation program stored in the storage unit 63 to press the indenter 14a against the surface of the sample S with a predetermined test force to form a dent.

  Next, the operation | movement after hollow formation of the hardness tester 100 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This process is realized by the CPU 61 executing various programs stored in the storage unit 63.

  First, the CPU 61 executes the imaging control program stored in the storage unit 63 to control the CCD camera 12 to image the surface of the sample S and acquire image data of the surface of the sample S (step S1). : Imaging control step). That is, the CPU 61 functions as an imaging control unit in the present invention.

  Subsequently, the CPU 61 executes the extraction program stored in the storage unit 63, so that the indentation region formed on the surface of the sample S based on the image data of the surface of the sample S acquired in step S <b> 1. And extracting the vertex coordinates of the indentation based on the contour of the extracted region (step S2: extraction step). That is, the CPU 61 functions as extraction means in the present invention.

  Subsequently, the CPU 61 executes the calculation program stored in the storage unit 63, and based on the vertex coordinates extracted in step S2, the center coordinates of the depression that is the intersection of the diagonals of the rectangular depression, and the image The inclination angle of the diagonal line from the reference line BL along the vertical or horizontal direction of the monitor when the data is displayed on the monitor 8 is determined (step S3: calculation step). That is, the CPU 61 functions as calculation means in the present invention.

Specifically, for example, so that the center coordinates O _v and diagonal inclination angle theta _v from the reference line BL is determined as shown in Figure 6 (a).

Subsequently, the CPU 61 executes the display control program stored in the storage unit 63, thereby tilting by the tilt angle calculated in step S3 around the center coordinates of the recess calculated in step S3. The image data is rotated in a direction to correct the image, and an image based on the image data is displayed on the monitor 8 together with the measurement line L (step S4: display control step).
The measurement lines L... Are displayed so as to be close to and away from each other while maintaining a parallel relationship according to the operation by the operation unit 7 in two directions so as to be parallel to the reference line along the vertical or horizontal direction of the monitor 8. Is done.

Specifically, for example, in the case where the depression as shown in FIG. 6 (a) is inclined theta _v counterclockwise from the reference line BL, the image data, on which was theta _v rotated clockwise, FIG. As shown in FIG. 6 (b), it is displayed on the monitor 8.

Thereafter, the operator moves the measurement lines L... Displayed on the monitor 8 using the operation unit 7, and each of the measurement lines L... Shown in FIG. After setting the state, the diagonal lengths d _v1 and d _v2 are measured by measuring the interval between the measurement lines drawn in parallel (step S5: measurement step).

(Explanation of effect)
As described above, according to the hardness tester 100 according to the embodiment, the indenter is rotated by rotating the captured image data according to the center coordinates of the depression and the inclination angle from the reference line of the depression diagonal line. Even without adjustment, the inclination of the diagonal line of the dent formed by the indenter and the measurement line can be adjusted.
As a result, the adjustment work at the time of exchanging the indenter can be eliminated, and accurate measurement can be performed without causing a measurement error due to the inclination of the indentation.

(Modification)
In the said embodiment, although the Vickers hardness tester by which the planar shape of the indenter 14a was formed in the rectangular shape was illustrated and demonstrated as the hardness tester 100, the hardness tester 100 is a Vickers hardness tester. For example, a Knoop hardness tester or a Martens hardness tester may be used.

In Knoop hardness tester, CPU 61 may, for example, after determining the inclination angle theta _k from the center coordinates O _k and the reference line BL of the recess of the rhomboid, as shown in FIG. 7 (a), the image data, Rotate θ _k clockwise.

Subsequently, the CPU 61 displays the image data on the monitor 8 together with the two measurement lines L and L that are parallel to the reference line along the vertical direction of the monitor, and the operator uses the operation unit 7 to measure the measurement line L. , L is moved so that each of the measurement lines shown in FIG. 7B overlaps each of the left and right vertices of the indentation, and then the distance between the measurement lines L and L is measured, whereby the diagonal length d Measure _k .

In the Martens hardness tester, the CPU 61 obtains, for example, the center coordinates O _m of the depression of the equilateral triangle and the inclination angle θ _m from the reference line BL as shown in FIG. The data is rotated θ _m clockwise.

Subsequently, the CPU 61 displays the image data on the monitor 8 together with the two measurement lines L and L that are parallel to the reference line along the vertical direction of the monitor, and the operator uses the operation unit 7 to measure the measurement line L. , L, and the measurement lines L, L shown in FIG. 8B are overlapped with the left and right vertices of the recess, and the distance between the measurement lines L, L is measured. measuring the length d _m of one side of the triangle.

Step S4: In the display control step, the measurement line L... Displayed in the image data is parallel to the reference line along the vertical or horizontal direction of the monitor according to the tilt angle calculated in Step S3. The measurement line L... And the line segment for measuring the length of the measurement line L. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 6A, when the image data is displayed on the monitor 8, the diagonal line of the depression is inclined θ _v counterclockwise from the reference line along the vertical or horizontal direction of the monitor 8. In this case, as shown in FIG. 9, the measurement line L... Is displayed by rotating it by θ _v counterclockwise around the center coordinate O _{v of the} indentation.

  In addition, the detailed configuration and detailed operation of each device constituting the hardness testing machine 100 can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

100 Hardness tester 12 CCD camera (imaging means)
14a Indenter 61 CPU (imaging control means, extraction means, calculation means, display control means)
8 Monitor (display means)
S Sample L Measurement line BL Reference line θ _v , θ _k , θ _m Tilt angle O _v , O _k , O _m center coordinates

Claims (4)

In a hardness tester for measuring the hardness of the sample by applying a predetermined test force to the surface of the sample with an indenter to form a recess and measuring the size of the recess,
Imaging control means for controlling the imaging means to image the surface of the sample on which the dent is formed, and acquiring image data of the surface of the sample;
Based on the image data acquired by the imaging control means, extraction means for extracting the vertex coordinates of the depression formed on the surface of the sample;
Based on the vertex coordinates extracted by the extracting means, calculating means for calculating the inclination angle of the depression and the center coordinates of the depression with respect to a reference line;
Based on the tilt angle calculated by the calculating means, the measurement data displayed together with the image based on the image data and the image data or the line so that a line segment measuring the length of the measurement line is orthogonal to each other. Display control means for correcting the data of the measurement line and displaying the image based on the image data and the measurement line on a display means;
A hardness tester comprising:   The hardness tester according to claim 1, wherein the display control unit rotates an image based on image data around the center coordinate based on the tilt angle calculated by the calculation unit.   The hardness tester according to claim 1, wherein the display control unit rotates the measurement line around the center coordinate based on the tilt angle calculated by the calculation unit. A hardness tester computer that measures the hardness of the sample by applying a predetermined test force to the surface of the sample with an indenter to form a dent and measuring the size of the dent.
Imaging control means for controlling the imaging means to image the surface of the sample on which the dent is formed, and acquiring image data of the surface of the sample;
Extraction means for extracting the vertex coordinates of the depression formed on the surface of the sample based on the image data acquired by the imaging control means;
Based on the vertex coordinates extracted by the extraction means, calculation means for calculating the inclination angle of the depression and the center coordinates of the depression with respect to a reference line;
Based on the tilt angle calculated by the calculating means, the measurement data displayed together with the image based on the image data and the image data or the line so that a line segment measuring the length of the measurement line is orthogonal to each other. Display control means for correcting the data of the measurement line and displaying the image based on the image data and the measurement line on a display means;
Program to function as.

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