JP2018146067A - Vacuum heat insulation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vacuum heat insulation structure having heat insulation performance improved by reducing cross-sectional areas of spacers.SOLUTION: A vacuum heat insulation structure according to the present invention is a vacuum heat insulation structure 1 that comprises a first wall part 11, a second wall part 21, and a plurality of heat insulating spacers 30 arranged between the first wall part 11 and the second wall part 21. A space formed by the first wall part 11 and the second wall part 21 is sealed in a vacuum state. The spacers 30 each comprise a first curved part 31 of which a top part is in contact with the first wall part 11, a second curved part 32 of which a top part is in contact with the second wall part 21, and a shaft 33 arranged between the top part of the first curved part 31 and the top part of the second curved part 32 to connect the first curved part 31 and the second curved part 32.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a vacuum heat insulating structure.

  There is known a structure that insulates between the wall portions by sealing the space between the first wall portion and the second wall portion facing each other to form a vacuum. If the wall portion is made thin, the structure can be reduced in weight, but the strength that can withstand the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the wall cannot be obtained. Therefore, a method is known in which spherical spacers are evenly arranged between the first wall portion and the second wall portion to increase the strength of the structure (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2012-215292 A

  If a spacer is installed between the wall portions of the vacuum heat insulating structure, the heat applied to one wall portion is transferred to the other wall portion through the contact portion with the spacer, so that the heat insulating performance is deteriorated. Patent Document 1 proposes a method of reducing the contact area between the first wall portion and the second wall portion and the spacer by using a spherical spacer. Although the amount of heat transferred between the wall portion and the spacer can be suppressed by this invention, since the spherical spacer has a large cross-sectional area at the center, the heat once transmitted to the spacer flows quickly to the opposite side. There was a problem that.

  The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and provides a vacuum heat insulating structure with improved heat insulating performance by reducing the cross-sectional area of the spacer.

  A vacuum heat insulating structure according to the present invention includes a first wall portion, a second wall portion, and a plurality of heat insulating spacers disposed between the first wall portion and the second wall portion. The space formed by the first wall portion and the second wall portion is sealed so as to be a vacuum, and the spacer includes a first curved portion whose top portion contacts the first wall portion, and a top portion. Is disposed between the second bending portion that contacts the second wall portion, the top portion of the first bending portion, and the top portion of the second bending portion, and a shaft that connects the first bending portion and the second bending portion. It is characterized by providing these.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vacuum heat insulating structure that can reduce the cross-sectional area of the spacer and improve the heat insulating performance.

It is a perspective view which shows the structure of a vacuum heat insulation structure typically. It is an exploded view which shows typically the structure of a vacuum heat insulation structure. It is sectional drawing in the cutting line III-III of the vacuum heat insulation structure shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of a spacer typically. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view that passes through the center of the axis at the cutting line VV of the spacer shown in FIG. It is an expansion perspective view which shows typically the structure of the positioning member when an opening-and-closing lid is opened. It is an expansion perspective view which shows typically the structure of the positioning member when an open / close lid is closed. It is an expansion perspective view which shows typically a mode that a spacer is positioned.

  Hereinafter, specific embodiments to which the present invention is applied will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. In addition, for clarity of explanation, the following description and drawings are simplified as appropriate.

  First, with reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. 3, the vacuum heat insulation structure 1 concerning this Embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the vacuum heat insulating structure 1, and FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the vacuum heat insulating structure 1. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the vacuum heat insulating structure 1 shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, the vacuum heat insulating structure 1 includes a pair of first exterior panels 10, a second exterior panel 20, a plurality of spacers 30 disposed therebetween, and a plurality of spacers. And positioning member 40 for positioning 30. The space closed by the first exterior panel 10 and the second exterior panel 20 is evacuated, and the space between each is insulated. At this time, the large number of spacers 30 arranged in parallel by the positioning member 40 prevent the first exterior panel 10 and the second exterior panel 20 from being deformed due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside.
In the following description, the first exterior panel 10 and the second exterior panel 20 are formally distinguished, but they are not distinguished with respect to actual production and use.

  The first exterior panel 10 has a first wall portion 11, a first outer surface portion 12 bent from an outer peripheral edge of the first wall portion 11, and an outward direction so as to form a flange shape from an edge of the first outer surface portion 12. And a first joint portion 13 bent at the same time. The second exterior panel 20 has a symmetrical shape arranged on the opening side (the first joint portion 13 side) of the first exterior panel 10, and similarly, the second wall portion 21, the second outer surface portion 22, 2nd junction part 23 is provided.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the first joint portion 13 and the second joint portion 23 are joined at the time of implementation, and the first wall portion 11 and the second wall portion 21 are disposed to face each other in parallel. In this way, the first exterior panel 10 and the second exterior panel 20 form an outer frame of the vacuum heat insulating structure 1. Moreover, the 1st exterior panel 10 and the 2nd exterior panel 20 are sealed, and the inside is made into vacuum. For this reason, the 1st exterior panel 10 and the 2nd exterior panel 20 are good to be comprised with the metal material or heat resistant resin which has the heat resistance according to the target temperature, and does not cause a leak. For example, it may be formed of thin stainless steel (SUS304 or the like) having a thickness of about 0.5 mm, or may be formed of different materials. Moreover, in order to suppress the heat conduction between the first exterior panel 10 and the second exterior panel 20, the contact area of the first joint portion 13 and the second joint portion 23 is preferably small. Furthermore, in order to suppress heat conduction due to radiation, it is preferable to apply copper plating or mirror finish to the inner surfaces of the first exterior panel 10 and the second exterior panel 20.

The vacuum heat insulating structure 1 needs to be provided with an exhaust hole so that the inside can be evacuated during the manufacturing process.
In the example shown in FIG. 2, the exhaust portion 14 is formed on the first exterior panel 10 so as to protrude in a convex cross section, and the exhaust portion 14 includes an exhaust hole 15. In the manufacturing process, after joining the first joint portion 13 and the second joint portion 23, the inside of the vacuum heat insulating structure 1 can be evacuated by evacuating and sealing from the exhaust hole 15. For example, specifically, the exhaust hole 15 and the exhaust device are connected via a seal member, the inside of the vacuum heat insulating structure 1 is evacuated, and then the base portion of the exhaust part 14 is joined by seam welding. What is necessary is just to cut | disconnect in the position which becomes the same with the outer periphery. Alternatively, a brazing material such as metal or glass may be melted and sealed in the exhaust hole 15 while evacuating.
In addition, the exhaust part 14 may just form an opening directly in the 1st exterior panel 10, may join a chip pipe | tube, and may be the structure provided with the vacuum valve. Of course, the exhaust part 14 may be provided on the second exterior panel 20 side.

  Here, the structure of the spacer 30 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the spacer 30, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view passing through the center of the axis along the cutting line VV of the spacer 30 shown in FIG. 4.

As shown in FIG. 4, the spacer 30 includes a first bending portion 31, a second bending portion 32, and a shaft 33. The first bending portion 31 and the second bending portion 32 are both formed in a substantially bowl shape, and are arranged to face each other with the convex portion outside. The shaft 33 is a cylindrical rod-shaped member, and one end thereof is fixed inside the top of the first bending portion 31 and the other end is fixed inside the top of the second bending portion 32. In other words, the shaft 33 is disposed between the top portion of the first bending portion 31 and the top portion of the second bending portion 32, and connects the first bending portion 31 and the second bending portion 32. The diameter of the shaft 33 is smaller than the outer diameters of the first bending portion 31 and the second bending portion 32.
The first bending portion 31, the second bending portion 32, and the shaft 33 are all preferably made of a hard material with low thermal conductivity, and may be made of, for example, zirconia (ZrO ₂ ). At this time, since the spacer 30 is formed of a heat insulating material, it has heat insulating properties.
In addition, in the following description, although the 1st bending part 31 and the 2nd bending part 32 are distinguished formally, these are not distinguished regarding actual production and use. As will be described later, a large pressure is applied to the tops of the first bending portion 31 and the second bending portion 32, so it is preferable to increase the thickness near the top.

  The height h of the spacer 30 is the same as or slightly larger than the surface interval between the first wall portion 11 and the second wall portion 21 when the first exterior panel 10 and the second exterior panel 20 are joined. At the time of implementation, the spacers 30 are distributed at predetermined intervals by the positioning member 40. The plurality of spacers 30 are arranged in parallel to each other. The top portion of the first bending portion 31 contacts the first wall portion 11, and the top portion of the second bending portion 32 contacts the second wall portion 21. At this time, the direction of the shaft 33 is perpendicular to the first wall portion 11 and the second wall portion 21.

  When the inside of the vacuum heat insulating structure 1 is in a negative pressure state, the spacer 30 is pressed from the first wall portion 11 and the second wall portion 21 due to a pressure difference between the inside and the outside. At this time, since the shaft 33 is in perpendicular contact with the first wall portion 11 and the second wall portion 21, the pressing is applied in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 33. Since the first bending portion 31, the second bending portion 32, and the shaft 33 are made of a hard material, the first bending portion 31, the second bending portion 32, and the shaft 33 have strength to withstand even when compressed. The two wall portions 21 can be supported from the inside.

Since the outer surfaces of the first bending portion 31 and the second bending portion 32 are substantially spherical, it is possible to reduce the contact area with each of the first bending portion 31 and the second wall portion 21 while dispersing the stress to the first wall portion 11 and the second wall portion 21. it can. For this reason, the heat conduction from the 1st wall part 11 to the 1st bending part 31, and the heat conduction from the 2nd wall part 21 to the 2nd bending part 32 can be restrained small.
Furthermore, since the 1st bending part 31 and the 2nd bending part 32 are separated by the axis | shaft 33 with a small cross-sectional area, the heat transfer between each can also be suppressed. Therefore, the heat insulation performance can be greatly improved compared to the spherical spacer.

  Next, the structure of the positioning member 40 is demonstrated using FIG. 6 and FIG. 6 and 7 are enlarged perspective views schematically showing the structure of the positioning member 40. FIG.

As shown in FIG. 6, the positioning member 40 is provided with a sheet member 41 in which a large number of rectangular spacer through holes 42 are provided at predetermined intervals, and rotatably on one side of each spacer through hole 42. And an open / close lid 43.
Hereinafter, a state in which the sheet member 41 and the opening / closing lid 43 are substantially orthogonal is referred to as a state in which the opening / closing lid 43 is opened, and a state in which the sheet member 41 and the opening / closing lid 43 are parallel is a state in which the opening / closing lid 43 is closed. Call it. 6 is an enlarged perspective view schematically showing the structure of the positioning member 40 when the opening / closing lid 43 is opened, and FIG. 7 schematically shows the structure of the positioning member 40 when the opening / closing lid 43 is closed. It is an expansion perspective view.

  The sheet member 41 and the opening / closing lid 43 may be formed of stainless steel or heat-resistant resin, like the first exterior panel 10 and the second exterior panel 20, but have a copper plate or a mirror surface to suppress heat conduction due to radiation. Preferably, it is formed of a metal plate. The sheet member 41 and the opening / closing lid 43 may be made separately and then joined, or a single plate may be cut out.

The spacer through hole 42 has a size that allows the first bending portion 31 and the second bending portion 32 to pass through, and as shown in FIG. A circular notch 44a is provided.
On the other hand, the open / close lid 43 has a shape having a semicircular cutout portion 44b at the center of one side out of a rectangle having the same size as the spacer through hole 42, and a side facing the side where the cutout portion 44b is provided. Is connected to the sheet member 41. Here, the inner diameters of the notch 44 a and the notch 44 b are equal and slightly larger than the outer diameter of the shaft 33.

  As shown in FIG. 7, when the open / close lid 43 is closed, the cutout portion 44 a and the cutout portion 44 b face each other so as to form one circle, thereby forming the shaft through hole 44. Since the shaft through hole 44 is a circle composed of two notches 44 a and 44 b, the inner diameter of the shaft through hole 44 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the shaft 33. As will be described later, the spacer 30 is positioned by passing the shaft 33 through the shaft through hole 44.

  Here, the manner in which the spacer 30 is positioned by the positioning member 40 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is an enlarged perspective view schematically showing how the spacer 30 is positioned by the positioning member 40.

A state in which the spacer 30 is inserted into the positioning member 40 is shown in the upper part of FIG. First, the opening / closing lid 43 is opened, the spacer 30 is inserted into the spacer through hole 42, and the shaft 33 is applied along the notch 44a. When the opening / closing lid 43 is closed in this state, the shaft through hole 44 surrounds the shaft 33 as shown in the lower part of FIG. In this way, the spacers 30 can be arranged at a predetermined interval. At this time, it is preferable to arrange the spacers 30 at equal intervals so that the pressure from the spacers 30 applied to the first wall portion 11 and the second wall portion 21 is uniform. Further, the open / close lid 43 may be fixed in a closed state after the spacer 30 is positioned.
In this configuration, the spacer 30 can move in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 33 with respect to the sheet member 41. However, since the spacer 30 is pressed from the first wall portion 11 and the second wall portion 21 at the time of implementation, The top portion of the first bending portion 31 and the top portion of the second bending portion 32 are aligned with each other.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the shape of the first wall portion 11 and the second wall portion 21 is formed in a rectangular shape in plan view. However, the shape may be a triangular shape or a polygonal shape of a pentagon or more, or may be a circular shape. The shape can be changed as desired.
In addition, the vacuum insulation structure 1 has been described using the combination of the first exterior panel 10 and the second exterior panel 20, but can also be applied to vacuum structures such as a thermos, a vacuum double tube, a vacuum double jacket, and a vacuum vessel. Thus, similar actions and effects can be obtained.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vacuum heat insulation structure 10 1st exterior panel 11 1st wall part 12 1st outer surface part 13 1st junction part 14 Exhaust part 15 Exhaust hole 20 2nd exterior panel 21 2nd wall part 22 2nd outer surface part 23 2nd junction part 30 Spacer 31 First bending portion 32 Second bending portion 33 Shaft 40 Positioning member 41 Sheet member 42 Spacer through hole 43 Opening / closing lid 44 Shaft through holes 44a and 44b Notch

Claims (1)

A first wall and a second wall;
A plurality of heat insulating spacers disposed between the first wall portion and the second wall portion, and a vacuum heat insulating structure comprising:
The space formed by the first wall and the second wall is sealed to be a vacuum,
The spacer includes a first bending portion whose top portion is in contact with the first wall portion, a second bending portion whose top portion is in contact with the second wall portion, a top portion of the first bending portion, and a second bending portion. A shaft disposed between the tops and connecting the first curved part and the second curved part;
Vacuum insulation structure.

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