JP2018134043A - Dissemination device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that rotation sometimes occurs by sticking a seed onto a feeding groove of a feed roll, especially in the case of a non-coated seed subjected to germination process.SOLUTION: A seed from a hopper is received by a feeding groove 60 of a feed roll 57, dropped by rotation of the feed roll, and disseminated. A fine irregular shape 61 is formed on the surface of the feeding groove 60. Even in the case of a wetted seed having moisture adhering to the surface, sticking is prevented by the irregular shape 61 formed on the feeding groove 60, to thereby achieve surely dropping and dissemination.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to a sowing apparatus for directly sowing seeds such as paddy rice seeds, and more particularly to a feeding roll for feeding seeds.

  In recent years, direct sowing cultivation that can save labor by eliminating the need for raising seedlings and carrying seedlings has been attracting attention. There has been devised a sowing machine equipped with a sowing device for directly sowing rice seeds in a hopper on a rice field by a feed roll (rotating body) (see Patent Document 1).

  In general, in direct sowing cultivation, seeds are stabilized by coating the seed with an oxygen generator (peroxide lime; calper agent), iron powder, or the like. In the case of calper coating, even if seeded in the soil with an oxygen generator, germination is possible without oxygen shortage, and bird damage, falling seedlings, and lodging seedlings can be prevented. In the case of iron coating, the seed is generally sown on the surface, but bird damage is prevented by the iron powder coating, and falling seedlings and the like are prevented by the weight of the iron powder.

  The seed coating is a laborious and costly operation, and direct sowing cultivation using uncoated seeds that are not coated is required. The direct sowing cultivation with the uncoated seeds has obtained experimental results indicating that it is desirable to sow the seeds shallowly in the soil using the sprouting seeds.

  The seeding device in the seeder of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 removes the seeds and impurities accumulated in the feeding groove of the feeding roll and keeps the capacity of the feeding groove constant, so that the non-feeding action part after feeding the seed of the feeding roll The feeding groove is energized so as to press the brush, and the wind from the blower is blown to clean the feeding groove.

JP 2012-161280 A

  In the seeding device, since the feeding groove of the feeding roll has a smooth surface, paddy rice seeds stick to the feeding groove, and even if the feeding roll is in the feeding position, the seed may be rolled around without falling. . In particular, when uncoated seeds are used, the seeds are moistened by the sprouting treatment, and are easily steamed by the heat of sunlight while being stored in the hopper, so that the moisture of the seeds (seeds) is leached to the surface. Become wet. Thereby, the water | moisture content adhering to the surface of a seed spreads between the surfaces of the feeding groove | channel which consists of a smooth surface, and this seed may stick to the surface of this feeding groove | channel.

  In this state, even if the feeding roll is rotated to the feeding position, the seed does not fall due to sticking to the feeding groove, and it is carried around while sticking to the feeding roll. A strain is formed and sowing accuracy is reduced.

  The seeding device of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 removes seeds and impurities, particularly the calper agent and iron powder peeled from the coating from the feeding groove at the non-feeding operation position where the feeding roll exceeds the feeding position, and the capacity of the feeding groove is constant. To prevent seeding from decreasing. Therefore, it is difficult to apply to the germinated seed that sticks to the feeding groove due to moisture adhering to the surface of the seed. Even if it is applied, the seed removed by the brush or the air blower is deposited on the cleaning member portion. Therefore, it does not contribute much to the improvement of sowing accuracy.

  In addition, the seeding device of Patent Document 1 is complicated and troublesome, such as a mechanism for moving the brush up and down so as to enter the feeding groove and a mechanism for blowing air from the blower device to the feeding groove in time with the rotation of the feeding roll. A device is required, resulting in problems such as high cost and durability. Further, when the brush is brought into contact with the seed remaining in the feeding groove, problems such as damaging the bud of the sprouting seed also occur.

  Therefore, the present invention makes the surface of the feeding groove of the feeding roll an uneven shape, and prevents the seed from sticking around the feeding groove even if the seed is wet, for example, with moisture adhering to the surface. It aims at providing the sowing apparatus which solved the subject.

The present invention comprises: a hopper (27) for storing seeds; and a feeding roll (57) disposed at the bottom of the hopper, having a feeding groove (60) on the outer peripheral surface, and driven to rotate. In the seeding device (6) for receiving seeds from (27) into the feeding groove (60) and dropping the seeds by rotation of the feeding roll and directly sowing the seeds (6)
In the seeding device, a minute uneven shape (61) is formed on the surface of the feeding groove (60).

  The seeds are germinated uncoated seeds.

  The uneven shape (61) of the feeding groove (60) has a maximum height in the range of 0.01 to 1 [mm].

  In addition, although the code | symbol in the said parenthesis is for contrast with drawing, it does not have any influence on description of a claim by this.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the fine irregularities are formed on the surface of the feeding groove of the feeding roll, even if the seed is wet with moisture adhering to the surface, the feeding groove is rotated by the rotation of the feeding roll. The seeds accepted in can be surely slid down and sown. Thereby, the seed carried around by the feeding roll can be reduced, sowing accuracy can be improved, and missing lines and sowing irregularities can be prevented. In addition, a simple configuration in which a concavo-convex shape is formed in the feeding groove of the feeding roll by sand blasting or the like is sufficient, so that a significant cost increase is not caused, and durability and stability of the seeding operation can be improved. As a result, direct seeding in the field can be reliably and easily performed, and damage to seeds can be reduced, so that highly reliable sowing work can be performed.

  According to the present invention according to claim 2, it is possible to reliably and reliably sow seeded uncoated seeds that have been subjected to sprouting treatment, which is likely to be in a wet state with moisture attached to the surface, Direct sowing can be carried out with high efficiency with reduced bird damage, poor emergence, and falling seedlings, and labor saving.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the uneven shape of the feeding groove is in the range of 0.01 to 1 [mm], can be easily formed by sandblasting, etc., and can be reliably fed even in wet seeds. It can fall from a groove | channel and can prevent generation | occurrence | production of rotation of a feeding roll.

The front view which shows the seeding machine which concerns on this Embodiment. Rear view. The rear view which shows the delivery part of a seeding apparatus. The perspective view which shows the supply roll of a seeding apparatus. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of a delivery roll. The expanded sectional view of the feeding groove part of a feeding roll. The perspective view which shows the supply roll by other embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the present seeder 1 is attached to a rear part of a half crawler tractor 2 that is a traveling machine body via a link device 3. The seeder 1 includes a rotary rotary device (rotary harrow) 5, a seeding device 6, and a pressure reducing roller 7. A rotary main body 9 of the rotary device 5 is mounted on the work machine side of the link device 3, and the rotary main body 9 has a drive shaft pipe 10 extending in the left-right direction, and side plates at the left and right ends thereof. A rotary shaft 11a having a large number of rotary blades 11 is supported via Power is transmitted from the tractor 2 to the rotary body 9 via the PTO shaft 8, and the power is transmitted to the rotary blade 11 via the drive shaft in the drive shaft pipe 10. A rotary cover 12 is integrally provided on the rotary body 9 so as to cover the rotary blade 11, and a flat plate 13 is rotated on the rear end side of the rotary cover 12 over the entire width of the rotary blade 11. It is connected freely.

  The seeding device 6 is attached to the rotary body 9 via an attachment frame 15. The mounting frame 15 includes parallel set arms 17 and 17 extending upward, and a pair of auxiliary frames 20 and 20 extending in the longitudinal direction of the machine body. Left and right marker devices 23 and 23 are movably attached to the use position and the storage position on the left and right frames integral with the attachment frame 15.

  The pair of set arms 17, 17 extending upward is formed with a plurality of adjustment holes at different positions in the vertical direction, and the vertical position can be adjusted by selecting one of these adjustment holes. An adjustment member (pipe) 19 is fixed to the base. A lock frame 24 is fitted on the center portion of the adjustment member 19, and a hopper set member 22 is integrally fixed to the lock frame 24. A pair of hopper arms 25, 25 are connected to the hopper set member 22 so as to extend upward at the central portion thereof, and a hopper mounting member (pipe) 26 is integrally fixed to the upper end portion of the hopper arms 25. Yes. A plurality of hoppers 27 are attached to the hopper attachment member 26 extending a predetermined length in the width direction at a predetermined interval. In the present embodiment, two hoppers 27 are attached, but one, three, or three or more may be used.

  Between the hopper mounting member 26 and the rear portion of the tractor 2, a reinforcing rod 30 made of a turnbuckle is connected. In addition, rods 31 are fixed to the rear ends of the left and right auxiliary frames 20 and 20 of the mounting frame 15 so that the position in the length direction can be adjusted. The rods 31 extend vertically at the tips of the rods 31. The sleeve 32 is fixed integrally. A roller stay 33 is fixed to the sleeve 32 so that its vertical position can be adjusted, and the pressure reducing roller 7 is connected to the roller stay 33 via a chain 35. Therefore, the pressure reducing roller 7 can adjust the position from the seeding position by the seeding device 6 by adjusting the rod 31 and the roller stay 33.

  Each hopper 27 has an inverted quadrangular pyramid shape, and a bottom portion thereof serves as a feeding portion 37 via a shutter 36. A plurality (three in the embodiment) of guide pipes 39 extend downward from each feeding portion 37. The guide tube 39 includes a guide hose 40 made of a flexible hose and a guide pipe 41 into which the lower end portion of the guide hose 40 is inserted and communicated. A seed diffusion plate 42 is attached to the lower end of the guide pipe 41. A regulation plate 46 is provided so as to face the diffusion plate 42, and the seed discharged from the guide pipe 41 is diffused and released by the diffusion plate 42 spreading in a mountain shape and the regulation plate 46 arranged to face the diffusion plate 42. . In addition, by removing the diffuser plate 42, the seed pod can be discharged from the guide pipe 41 as it is and can be sown in a row sowing state.

  A guide bar 50 is disposed in the lateral (width) direction at the lower end of the guide pipe 41 so as to extend over the guide pipes 39. Each guide pipe 41 is fixed by adjusting the position with respect to the guide rod 50, and the spray port interval of the plurality of guide pipes 39 is regulated to be adjustable. Between the hopper mounting member 26 and the guide rod 50, guide pipe stays 52, 52 are connected at the left and right end portions, and the length of the guide pipe stay 52 is adjusted by a telescopic rod 51. Freely fixed.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the feeding portion 37 has a feeding case 55 that communicates with the lower portion of the hopper 27, and the case 55 and the lower portion of the hopper 27 are partitioned by a partition plate 56. The partition plate 56 has the same number of three openings as the guide tube 39, and the shutter 36 is disposed in each opening so as to be opened and closed. Further, a feeding roll 57 is rotatably supported inside the case 55, and a drive motor 59 is disposed on the outer side in the width direction of the case 55 of each hopper 27. The drive shaft of the drive motor 59 is connected to the feeding roll 57 and transmits the driving force to the feeding roll 57.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the feeding roll 57 is made of synthetic resin such as polypropylene, and three rows of feeding grooves 60 are formed on the outer circumferential surface over the entire circumference. Accordingly, each row of the shutters 36, one row of feeding grooves 60 and each guide tube 39 are aligned in the vertical direction, and three rows are arranged for each hopper 27. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a concavo-convex shape 61 is formed over the entire surface of the feeding groove 60 by sandblasting. The concavo-convex shape is distributed substantially uniformly over the entire surface of the feeding groove 60, and the depth is not uniform, but the fine concavo-convex surface having a maximum height of about 0.01 to 1 [mm]. (Roughness).

  Next, the operation of the seeder 1 having the above-described configuration will be described. Uncoated seeds such as sprouted rice seeds are put into the hopper 27. The degree of budding is preferably a pigeon breast state, a budding state of about 2 mm, or a rooting state. And the seeder 1 is operated while driving | running | working the tractor 2 in the paddy field in a flooded state. As a result, the cutting rotary device 5 is driven, the rotary blade 11 rotates, and the paddy rice paddy surface is leveled by the flat plate 13 and the surface of the paddy rice paddy is cut. Seeds directly. That is, in each seeding device 6, the feeding hose 57 of the feeding unit 37 is rotated by the drive motor 59, so that the seeds in the hopper 27 are guided to the guide pipe 39, and the induction hose branched into three for each hopper 27. 40 and the guide pipe 41 are respectively discharged to the spray ports of the diffusion plate 42, diffused by the diffusion plate 42, and sown on the rice field.

  The scraping work by the rotary device 5 and the sowing work by the sowing device 6 move on the surface of the paddy field based on the progress of the tractor 2. The sowing paddy field is crushed by the pressure roller 7 with a predetermined gravity, and the seed pad is buried in the paddy field with a predetermined shallow burial depth.

  The paddy rice seed put in the hopper 27 contains a predetermined wet state, for example, about 20 to 25% of moisture by the sprouting treatment, becomes steamed by the heat of sunlight in the hopper 27, and the seed surface has moisture. It tends to be in a wet state with adhering. Paddy rice seed that has fallen from the hopper 27 through the opened shutter 36 to the feeding roll 57 is received in the feeding groove 60 by the rotation of the feeding roll 57. At this time, the moisture adhering to the seed surface is interposed between the seed and the uneven shape 61 of the feeding groove 60. The feed groove 60 has a large surface area due to the concavo-convex shape 61 formed on the entire surface thereof, and the water has a contact angle of the composite surface where regions having different wettability due to the concavo-convex coexist (the surface of the water feed groove having a spherical shape) And the area ratio in which air is trapped in the voids of the concavo-convex shape 61 is large, and the water repellent property is very high. Thereby, the sticking force (surface energy) of the surface of the seed in which the surface is wet is reduced, and the flow resistance of the feeding groove 60 of the uneven shape 61 is also suppressed. The rice seeds are surely slid down from the feeding groove 60 without being stuck to the feeding groove, and fall toward the guide pipes 39.

  The uncoated seeds preferably have a shallow seed burial depth in terms of seedling establishment rate and germination rate, and a certain degree of burial depth is preferred in terms of bird damage and seedling spraying. It is required to control the burial depth. On the other hand, in the chamfering work by the chamfering rotary device 5, the chamfering depth is adjusted by the chamfering rotation and the soil. Even if the setting of the cutting depth is changed, the seeding device 6 can be integrated with the cutting rotary device 5 by appropriately selecting and fixing the adjustment member 19 with the plurality of adjustment holes 17a of the set arm 17. The height position is adjusted with respect to the mounting frame 15.

  The uncoated seeds to be sown are in a predetermined germination state such as pigeon breast, germination, rooting, etc., are in a state that it is difficult to roll in the guide tube 39, and can move smoothly in the guide hose 40 depending on the position of the diffusion plate 42. May cause trouble. In such a case, the height of the hopper 27 is adjusted by the adjustment hole of the set arm 17. At the same time, the height of the diffusion plate 42 (spreading port) is also moved by the guide tube stay 52, but the guide tube stay 52 is expanded and contracted by inserting and removing the guide rod 50 to change the inclination gradient of the guide tube 39. Further, the angle of the hopper 27 is adjusted by the turnbuckle of the reinforcing rod 30 and is maintained in a vertical state. As a result, an accurate amount of germinated seed is supplied from the vertical hopper 27 to the feeding groove 60 of the feeding roll 57, and substantially all of the germinated seed falls into the guide tube 39 due to the uneven shape 61 of the feeding groove 60. In principle, there is no seed that can be carried around the feeding roll 57. And in the state which hold | maintained the upper and lower (height) position of the spreading | diffusion plate 42 related to the burial depth of a seed and a spraying port in the predetermined setting position, the inclination angle of the guide pipe 41, especially the right and left ends is adjusted, The uncoated seed can be smoothly guided by the induction hose 40 without stagnation and can be accurately sown from the diffusion plate 42 of each induction tube 39.

  As described above, the present sowing machine 1 allows direct seeding of uncoated seeds in a sprouting state with high accuracy by an easy and simple operation. Further, the feeding roll 57 is not limited to the above-described three rows of feeding grooves 60, and may have two rows or three or more rows of feeding grooves. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a feeding roll 57 ′ having a feeding groove 60 ′ continuously formed on the peripheral surface over the entire length in the axial direction may be used. Moreover, the uneven | corrugated shape 61 is not restricted to what was formed in the delivery groove | channel 60 ', You may form over the whole surface of a delivery roll. The feeding roll is made of polypropylene, but is not limited to this, and may be another synthetic resin or a metal material. The uneven shape is formed by sandblasting, but is not limited to this, and may be shot blasting, etching, or machining such as cutting and polishing, coating processing for attaching an uneven agent, mold, and other uneven processing. Moreover, although the uneven | corrugated shape was made into the range whose maximum height was 0.01-1 [mm], in 0.01 [mm] or less, a water-repellent function is not enough, and in 1 [mm] or more, it is uneven | corrugated shape. There is a risk of damaging the seeds. The uneven shape is not limited to this range, and may be a minute uneven shape having a water repellent function.

  In addition, although embodiment mentioned above demonstrated and applied to direct sowing with a non-coated seed, this seeding machine is applicable not only to this but a seed meal coated with iron powder coating and a culper coating similarly. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to paddy rice seeds, but can be applied to seeds other than paddy rice such as vegetables and flower buds. In addition, the chamfering by the chamfering rotary device 5 is not limited to the chamfering on the paddy paddy field, but includes all the work of softening and leveling the field scene, but this may be other things. It's not necessary.

1 Seeding machine 2 Traveling body (tractor)
5 Rotary rotary device 6 Seeding device 27 Hopper 37 Feeding part 39 Guide tube 57, 57 'Feeding roll 59 Drive motor 60, 60' Feeding groove 61 Uneven shape

Claims (3)

A hopper for storing seeds; a feeding roll disposed on the bottom of the hopper, having a feeding groove on an outer peripheral surface and driven to rotate; and receiving seeds from the hopper into the feeding groove, In a seeding device that drops and rotates directly by the rotation of the feeding roll,
A seeding device formed by forming minute irregularities on the surface of the feeding groove. The seed is a germinated uncoated seed,
The seeding device according to claim 1. The uneven shape of the feeding groove has a maximum height in the range of 0.01 to 1 [mm].
The seeding device according to claim 1 or 2.

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