JP2018096581A - Heat exchanger and manufacturing method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small-sized heat exchanger having excellent heat exchange efficiency.SOLUTION: A heat exchanger includes a flow passage layer 10. The flow passage layer 10 has: a flow passage 10a for high-temperature fluid provided on one surface of the flow passage layer 10; a flow passage 10b for low-temperature provided on another surface of the flow passage layer 10; first columnar projections 10g provided at intervals in the flow passage 10a for high-temperature fluid; and second columnar projections 10h provided at the same positions as the first projections 10g in the flow passage 10b for low-temperature fluid.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat exchanger and a manufacturing method thereof.

  Conventionally, a heat exchanger manufactured by diffusion bonding a plurality of flow path layers is known (for example, see Patent Document 1 below). However, in the conventional heat exchanger, since the flow path is formed only on one side of the flow path layer, the flow path of the high temperature fluid is formed in order to exchange heat energy between the high temperature fluid and the low temperature fluid. In addition to the channel layer, a channel layer in which a channel for low-temperature fluid is formed is necessary.

  In addition, in the conventional heat exchanger, the width of the flow path is set to be very narrow so that the flow path is not crushed by the pressure applied during diffusion bonding, so the flow path for the high temperature fluid and the flow path for the low temperature fluid The area of the heat transfer part formed between is small. Therefore, the heat exchange efficiency was poor.

  Further, in the conventional heat exchanger, a plurality of flow paths are formed in one flow path layer, but the flow of fluid is restricted by the linear partition walls that partition the flow paths, and the flow rate per unit time is small. So the heat exchange efficiency was bad.

  The following Patent Document 1 also discloses that a groove to be a flow path is formed by etching. However, when a channel is formed on one side of the channel layer by etching, if the channel depth is set to 50% or more of the channel layer thickness, the channel layer is distorted and suitable for diffusion bonding. There was a problem that a bonded surface could not be obtained. On the other hand, when the depth of the flow path is set to be less than 50% of the thickness of the flow path layer, the thickness of the remaining portion (the heat transfer portion formed between the bottom surface of the flow path and the bottom surface of the flow path layer) is Since it became 50% or more of the thickness of the flow path layer, the heat exchange efficiency was poor.

JP-A-2015-158315

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a small-sized heat exchanger with high heat exchange efficiency and a method for manufacturing the heat exchanger.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention includes a flow path layer, and the flow path layer is a flow path of a high-temperature fluid provided on one surface of the flow path layer, and a low-temperature fluid provided on the other surface of the flow path layer. , A columnar first protrusion provided at an interval in the high temperature fluid flow path, and a columnar second protrusion provided at the same position as the first protrusion in the low temperature fluid flow path. A heat exchanger characterized by the above is provided.
Further, the present invention includes a step of forming a flow path layer, and in the step, the flow path of the high-temperature fluid provided on one surface of the flow path layer by simultaneously etching both surfaces of the plate-like base material, The flow path of the low temperature fluid provided on the other surface of the flow path layer, the columnar first protrusions provided at intervals in the flow path of the high temperature fluid, and the same position as the first protrusions in the flow path of the low temperature fluid The manufacturing method of the heat exchanger characterized by forming the column-shaped 2nd protrusion provided in is provided.

In the heat exchanger of the present invention, a flow path for the high-temperature fluid is provided on one surface of the flow path layer, and a flow path for the low-temperature fluid is provided on the other surface of the flow path layer. That is, since the flow path for the high temperature fluid and the flow path for the low temperature fluid are provided in one flow path layer, it is possible to reduce the size of the heat exchanger. Further, the heat exchanger of the present invention includes a columnar first protrusion provided at a distance from each other in the flow path of the high temperature fluid, and a columnar second protrusion provided at the same position as the first protrusion in the flow path of the low temperature fluid. Have Since these protrusions are columnar, they do not hinder the flow of fluid and contribute to the improvement of heat exchange efficiency. In particular, when diffusion bonding the flow path layer and other layers, since these protrusions function as pillars supporting the other layers, the flow path is not crushed by pressure during diffusion bonding, It is possible to secure a space that can function as a flow path. Therefore, in order to improve the heat exchange efficiency, the width of the flow path can be significantly increased as compared with the conventional case.
The manufacturing method of the heat exchanger of the present invention suppresses distortion of the flow path layer because the flow paths formed on both surfaces of the flow path layer are formed by simultaneously etching both surfaces of the plate-like substrate. Is possible. In particular, when the flow path layer and other layers are diffusion bonded, since the distortion of the flow path layer is very small, it is possible to obtain a bonding surface suitable for diffusion bonding. Moreover, there exists an advantage that protrusion can be easily formed in a flow path.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the flow path layer. FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the flow path layer. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line AA in FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. FIG. 8 is a plan view of the partition wall layer. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view in which a flow channel layer, another flow channel layer, and a partition layer are overlaid. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view in which a flow path layer, another flow path layer, and a partition wall layer are overlaid. FIG. 11 is a plan view of the upper lid. FIG. 12 is a plan view of the lower lid. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a heat exchanger according to another embodiment.

  Hereinafter, although an embodiment of the present invention is described based on an example, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the following description.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the heat exchanger according to the present embodiment has a flow path layer 10, a partition wall layer 20, an upper lid 30, and a lower lid 40, and is a laminated body in which they are laminated.

  The channel layer 10 is a layer in which a fluid channel is formed on a plate-like substrate. 2 and 3, the flow path layer 10 includes a high-temperature fluid flow path 10a, a low-temperature fluid flow path 10b, a high-temperature fluid inlet 10c and an outlet 10d, a low-temperature fluid inlet 10e and an outlet 10f, 1 projection 10g, 2nd projection 10h, 3rd projection 10i, 4th projection 10j, 5th projection 10k, 6th projection 10l, heat transfer part 10m, 1st isolation part 10n, 2nd isolation part 10o, 3rd isolation part 10p and the fourth isolation part 10q.

  The term hot fluid means a fluid that has a higher temperature than the cold fluid, and the term cold fluid means a fluid that has a lower temperature than the hot fluid.

  The flow path 10 a for high-temperature fluid is provided on one surface of the flow path layer 10. The flow path 10b for the cryogenic fluid is provided on the other surface (the surface on the opposite side of the one surface) of the flow path layer 10. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the width (w1, w2) of the flow paths 10a, 10b is 50% or more of the width (W1, W2) of the flow path layer 10 in order to increase the flow rate of the fluid. It is preferable that By setting in such a manner, the flow rate of the fluid is increased, and the portion where the high temperature fluid and the low temperature fluid intersect (the heat transfer section formed between the high temperature fluid flow path 10a and the low temperature fluid flow path 10b). Since the area of 10 m) increases, the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.

  It is also possible to set the width (w1, w2) of these flow paths 10a, 10b to less than 50% of the width (W1, W2) of the flow path layer 10, thereby making it possible to set one side of the flow path layer 10 and / or the other. It is also possible to provide a plurality of channels on the surface. However, in that case, the flow rate of the fluid is reduced and the area of the heat transfer section 10m is also reduced, so that the heat exchange efficiency is lowered.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the depth (D1) of the flow path 10a for the high-temperature fluid is preferably 25% or more of the thickness (T1) of the flow path layer 10. Similarly, the depth (D2) of the flow path 10b of the low-temperature fluid is preferably 25% or more of the thickness (T1) of the flow path layer 10. By setting in such a manner, the thickness (T2) of the heat transfer section 10m becomes 50% or less, so that the heat exchange efficiency can be improved. However, in order to further improve the heat exchange efficiency, the depth (D1, D2) of these flow paths 10a, 10b is set to 30% or more, 35% or more or 40% of the thickness (T1) of the flow path layer 10. More preferably, it is set to% or more. In this embodiment, the depths (D1, D2) of these flow paths 10a, 10b are set to 40% of the thickness (T1) of the flow path layer 10. Thereby, since the thickness (T2) of the heat transfer part 10m is 20% of the thickness (T2) of the flow path layer 10, the heat exchange efficiency is very good.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the high-temperature fluid inlet 10 c and outlet 10 d are elongated holes that penetrate the flow path layer 10. As shown in FIG. 2, the width of the hot fluid inlet 10c and outlet 10d is preferably equal to the width of the hot fluid channel 10a. By setting as such, the flow rate of the high-temperature fluid can be increased. It is also possible to set the width of the hot fluid inlet 10c and outlet 10d to be narrower or wider than the width of the hot fluid flow path 10a.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the cryogenic fluid inlet 10 e and outlet 10 f are elongated holes penetrating the flow path layer 10. As shown in FIG. 3, the width of the cryogenic fluid inlet 10e and outlet 10f is preferably equal to the width of the cryogenic fluid flow path 10b. By setting as such, the flow rate of the cryogenic fluid can be increased. It is also possible to set the width of the cryogenic fluid inlet 10e and the outlet 10f to be narrower or wider than the width of the cryogenic fluid flow path 10b.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the first protrusions 10g are columnar and are provided at intervals in the high-temperature fluid flow path 10a. In the present embodiment, the shape of the first protrusion 10g is a cylinder, but the shape of the first protrusion 10g may be an elliptic cylinder or a streamline in order to reduce the decrease in the fluid flow velocity.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the second protrusion 10h is columnar and is provided at the same position as the first protrusion 10g in the low-temperature fluid flow path 10b. In the present embodiment, the shape of the second protrusion 10h is a cylinder, but the shape of the second protrusion 10h may be an elliptic cylinder or a streamline in order to reduce the decrease in the fluid flow velocity.

  Since the first protrusions 10g and the second protrusions 10h are columnar, they do not hinder the flow of fluid in the flow paths 10a and 10b, and contribute to the improvement of heat exchange efficiency. In particular, when the flow path layer 10 and another layer (for example, the partition wall layer 20) are diffusion-bonded, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the first protrusion 10g and the second protrusion 10h are the other layers. Therefore, the channels 10a and 10b are not crushed by the pressure applied during diffusion bonding, and a space that can function as the channels 10a and 10b can be secured. Therefore, in order to improve the heat exchange efficiency, as described above, the widths of the flow paths 10a and 10b can be significantly increased as compared with the conventional case. In addition, since the first protrusion 10g and the second protrusion 10h are provided at the same position across the heat transfer portion 10m, the strength of supporting the other layer when the other layer is joined to the flow path layer 10 is increased. Can be increased.

  The first protrusion 10g and the second protrusion 10h described above are provided so as to protrude from the heat transfer section 10m. On the other hand, the 3rd protrusion 10i, the 4th protrusion 10j, the 5th protrusion 10k, and the 6th protrusion 10l are provided so that it may protrude from parts other than the heat-transfer part 10m.

  That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the third protrusion 10i is located near the low temperature fluid inlet 10e in the low temperature fluid flow path 10b, that is, between the low temperature fluid inlet 10e and the high temperature fluid flow path 10a. Is provided directly below the first isolation portion 10n. The fourth protrusion 10j is provided in the vicinity of the low temperature fluid outlet 10f in the low temperature fluid flow path 10b, that is, immediately below the second isolation portion 10o formed between the low temperature fluid outlet 10f and the high temperature fluid flow path 10a. It is done.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the fifth protrusion 10k is formed in the vicinity of the high temperature fluid inlet 10c in the high temperature fluid channel 10a, that is, between the high temperature fluid inlet 10c and the low temperature fluid channel 10b. It is provided directly above the third isolation part 10p. The sixth protrusion 101 is near the high temperature fluid outlet 10d in the high temperature fluid flow path 10a, that is, directly above the fourth isolation portion 10q formed between the high temperature fluid outlet 10d and the low temperature fluid flow path 10b. Provided.

  The first isolation part 10n and the second isolation part 10o described above are parts that prevent the low temperature fluid from entering the flow path 10a of the high temperature fluid, as shown in FIG. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, the third isolation part 10p and the fourth isolation part 10q are parts for preventing the high temperature fluid from entering the low temperature fluid flow path 10b.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the partition layer 20 is disposed between the flow path layer 10 and another flow path layer 10 ′. The partition layer 20 is a layer that partitions the flow path 10b of the low-temperature fluid of the flow path layer 10 from the flow path of the high-temperature fluid of the other flow path layer 10 '.

  The other channel layer 10 ′ has the same components as the channel layer 10 described above. That is, the other flow path layer 10 ′ includes at least a flow path of a high temperature fluid, a flow path of a low temperature fluid, an inlet and an outlet of a high temperature fluid, an inlet and an outlet of a low temperature fluid, a first protrusion, a second protrusion, a heat transfer section, It has a 1st isolation part, a 2nd isolation part, a 3rd isolation part, and a 4th isolation part. When the other flow path layer 10 ′ and another layer (for example, the partition wall layer 20) are diffusion-bonded, the other flow path layer 10 ′ includes the third protrusion, the fourth protrusion, the fifth protrusion, and the sixth protrusion. It is preferable to further have a protrusion.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the partition wall layer 20 has a plate shape, and fluid inlets 10 c and 10 e formed in the flow path layer 10 and fluid inlets formed in the other flow path layers 10 ′. Elongate holes 20a, 20c for communicating with each other, and elongate holes 20b for communicating the fluid outlets 10d, 10f formed in the flow path layer 10 with the fluid outlets formed in the other flow path layer 10 ', 20d.

  The thickness of the partition wall layer 20 is equal to the thickness of the heat transfer section 10m formed between the flow path 10a for the high-temperature fluid in the flow path layer 10 and the flow path 10b for the low-temperature fluid in the flow path layer 10. It is preferable that the thickness is less than 10 m. With this setting, heat can be exchanged efficiently between the low-temperature fluid flow path 10b of the flow path layer 10 and the high-temperature fluid flow path of the other flow path layer 10 '.

  Referring now to FIG. 10, when the flow path layer 10, the other flow path layer 10 ′ and the partition wall layer 20 are overlapped, the third protrusion 10i formed on the flow path layer 10 has the first isolation portion 10n. The fourth protrusion 10j formed on the flow path layer 10 is interposed between the second isolation part 10o and the partition layer 20. On the other hand, referring to FIG. 9, the fifth protrusion 10k ′ formed on the other channel layer 10 ′ is interposed between the third isolation part 10p ′ and the partition wall layer 20, and the other channel layer 10 ′. The sixth protrusion 10 l ′ formed between the fourth isolation portion 10 q ′ and the partition wall layer 20 is interposed. According to this configuration, when the diffusion bonding is performed, the first isolation part 10n, the second isolation part 10o, the third isolation part 10p ′, and the fourth isolation part 10q ′ have the third protrusion 10i, the fourth protrusion 10j, and the fifth Since the protrusions 10k ′ and the sixth protrusion 10l ′ are supported respectively, thereby sufficiently applying pressure to the first isolation part 10n, the second isolation part 10o, the third isolation part 10p ′, and the fourth isolation part 10q ′, the partition wall Good bonding with the layer 20 is obtained. Therefore, fluid leakage due to poor bonding can be effectively prevented.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the upper lid 30 is a layer that is disposed on the uppermost flow path layer 10 and plays a role of covering the flow path 10 a of the high-temperature fluid of the uppermost flow path layer 10. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 11, the upper cover 30 includes holes 30 a, 30 b, 30 c, to which a high temperature fluid supply pipe, a high temperature fluid discharge pipe, a low temperature fluid supply pipe, and a low temperature fluid discharge pipe are connected. 30d.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the lower lid 40 is a layer that is disposed under the lowermost flow path layer 10 ″ and serves to cover the flow path of the low-temperature fluid in the lowermost flow path layer 10 ″. is there. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 12, the lower lid 40 is a plate-like body in which no holes or the like are formed. A hole for connecting a part or all of a high temperature fluid supply pipe, a high temperature fluid discharge pipe, a low temperature fluid supply pipe, and a low temperature fluid discharge pipe may be formed in the lower lid 40, or You may form the hole for connecting one part or all part in surfaces other than the surface formed by an upper cover and a lower cover. For example, in another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, a hole 51 for connecting a discharge pipe for a cryogenic fluid is formed in the front of the heat exchanger, and a hole 52 for connecting the discharge pipe for a high temperature fluid is formed. Is formed on the left side of the heat exchanger.

  In the heat exchanger configured as described above, the high temperature fluid flows into the high temperature fluid flow path 10a through the hole 30a of the upper lid 30 and the high temperature fluid inlet 10c, and then the high temperature fluid outlet 10d and the upper lid 30 It is discharged through the hole 30b. On the other hand, the cryogenic fluid flows into the cryogenic fluid flow path 10b through the hole 30c of the upper lid 30 and the cryogenic fluid inlet 10e, and is then discharged through the cryogenic fluid outlet 10f and the hole 30d of the upper lid 30. According to the heat exchanger according to the present embodiment, the flow rates of the high-temperature fluid and the low-temperature fluid are increased compared to the conventional one, and the area of the heat transfer unit 10m is much wider than the conventional one, so the heat exchange efficiency is very good. . In addition, since the flow path 10a for the high-temperature fluid and the flow path 10b for the low-temperature fluid are provided in one flow path layer 10, it is possible to reduce the size of the heat exchanger.

  Next, a preferable production method will be described.

  The heat exchanger of the present embodiment is preferably manufactured by providing the flow path layer 10, the partition wall layer 20, the upper lid 30, and the lower lid 40, and superposing them and performing diffusion bonding. However, the bonding method is not limited to the diffusion bonding method.

  The flow path layer 10 is preferably manufactured by simultaneously etching both surfaces of a plate-like substrate. In the present embodiment, this etching causes the high temperature fluid flow path 10a, the low temperature fluid flow path 10b, the first protrusion 10g, the second protrusion 10h, the third protrusion 10i, the fourth protrusion 10j, the fifth protrusion 10k, and the sixth. A protrusion 101, a heat transfer part 10m, a first isolation part 10n, a second isolation part 10o, a third isolation part 10p, and a fourth isolation part 10q are formed. According to this method, the distortion of the flow path layer 10 can be greatly reduced as compared with the case where etching is performed on one side of the base material. In particular, when the flow path layer 10 and other layers are diffusion bonded, since the distortion of the flow path layer 10 is very small, a bonding surface suitable for diffusion bonding can be obtained. Further, there is an advantage that the projections 10g, 10h, 10i, 10j, 10k, 10l can be easily formed in the flow paths 10a, 10b.

10, 10 ', 10''channel layer 10a channel for high-temperature fluid 10b channel for low-temperature fluid 10c inlet for high-temperature fluid 10d outlet for high-temperature fluid 10e inlet for low-temperature fluid 10f outlet for low-temperature fluid 10g first protrusion 10h second Projection 10i Third projection 10j Fourth projection 10k, 10k ′ Fifth projection 10l, 10l ′ Sixth projection 10m Heat transfer portion 10n First isolation portion 10o Second isolation portion 10p, 10p ′ Third isolation portion 10q, 10q ′ 4 Separating part 20 Partition layer 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d Long hole 30 Upper lid 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, 51, 52 Hole 40 Lower lid w1 Width of high-temperature fluid flow path w2 Width of low-temperature fluid flow path W1, W2 width of flow path layer D1 depth of flow path of high temperature fluid D2 depth of flow path of low temperature fluid T1 thickness of flow path layer T2 thickness of heat transfer section

Claims (9)

A flow path layer, the flow path layer comprising:
A flow path of high-temperature fluid provided on one surface of the flow path layer,
A flow path of a low-temperature fluid provided on the other surface of the flow path layer;
Column-shaped first protrusions provided at intervals in the high-temperature fluid flow path, and column-shaped second protrusions provided at the same position as the first protrusion in the low-temperature fluid flow path. Heat exchanger.   The width of the channel of the high-temperature fluid is 50% or more of the width of the channel layer, and the width of the channel of the low-temperature fluid is 50% or more of the width of the channel layer. The heat exchanger according to 1.   The depth of the channel of the high-temperature fluid is 25% or more of the thickness of the channel layer, and the depth of the channel of the low-temperature fluid is 25% or more of the thickness of the channel layer. The heat exchanger according to claim 1. Another flow path layer having the same components as the flow path layer, and a partition layer disposed between the flow path layer and the other flow path layer,
The thickness of the partition wall layer is equal to the thickness of the heat transfer section formed between the flow path of the high-temperature fluid in the flow path layer and the flow path of the low-temperature fluid in the flow path layer, or from the thickness of the heat transfer section The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger is also thin. A high-temperature fluid inlet and outlet provided in the flow path layer; and a low-temperature fluid inlet and outlet provided in the flow path layer,
The width of the hot fluid inlet and outlet is equal to the width of the hot fluid flow path, and the width of the cold fluid inlet and outlet is equal to the width of the cold fluid flow path. The described heat exchanger. High temperature fluid inlet and outlet provided in the channel layer,
Low temperature fluid inlet and outlet provided in the flow path layer,
Another flow path layer having the same components as the flow path layer,
A partition layer disposed between the flow path layer and the other flow path layer;
A third protrusion interposed between the first isolation part formed between the inlet of the low-temperature fluid and the flow path of the high-temperature fluid and the partition layer;
A fourth protrusion interposed between the second separator and the partition layer formed between the outlet of the low-temperature fluid and the flow path of the high-temperature fluid;
A fifth protrusion interposed between the partition wall layer and a third separator formed between the inlet of the high-temperature fluid of the other flow path layer and the flow path of the low-temperature fluid; and 2. The heat exchange according to claim 1, further comprising a sixth protrusion interposed between a fourth separator formed between the outlet of the high temperature fluid and the flow path of the low temperature fluid and the partition wall layer. vessel.   The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the first protrusion and the second protrusion is a cylinder, an elliptic cylinder, or a streamline.   A flow path of a high-temperature fluid provided on one surface of the flow path layer by simultaneously etching both surfaces of the plate-like base material in the step, and the other surface of the flow path layer. A low temperature fluid flow path provided in the high temperature fluid flow path, a columnar first protrusion provided at a distance from each other in the high temperature fluid flow path, and a columnar first protrusion provided at the same position as the first protrusion in the low temperature fluid flow path. A method of manufacturing a heat exchanger, wherein two protrusions are formed.   The method includes diffusion bonding a flow path layer, another flow path layer having the same components as the flow path layer, and a partition layer disposed between the flow path layer and the other flow path layer. Item 9. A method for manufacturing a heat exchanger according to Item 8.

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