JP2018093704A - Iron core and motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an iron core capable of preventing degradation of drive efficiency of a motor.SOLUTION: The iron core which is fixed to a metal substrate 7 and has a wiring 9, includes: a lamination part 1 constituted of plural soft magnetic ribbons 36 laminated each other; a fastening part 6 that pressurizes the lamination part 1 in a lamination direction of the soft magnetic ribbons 36. The fastening part 6 is disposed around an opening of a through hole 10 penetrating the lamination part 1. Between the lamination part 1 and the fastening part 6, a metal plate 3a of a shape which does not cover a wiring part 9 is provided. The motor includes a rotator and the iron core.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an iron core and a motor using the iron core, and more particularly to an iron core in which soft magnetic ribbons are laminated and a motor using the iron core as a stator.

  Conventionally, pure iron or electromagnetic steel sheets have been used as a laminate of magnetic plates in a motor iron core (stator). In addition, some motors aimed at higher efficiency use a ribbon having amorphous or nanocrystal grains as an iron core (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the split core described in Patent Document 1. FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, a laminated material 21, which is formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets, and a laminated body 22 in which a plurality of amorphous thin plates are laminated and bonded with an adhesive are stacked and fixed with an adhesive. .

JP 2014-155347 A

  However, in the configuration of FIG. 6, since the adhesive enters between the layers of the amorphous ribbon, there is a problem that the space factor decreases and the driving efficiency of the motor decreases.

  The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide an iron core and a motor that can suppress a decrease in driving efficiency of the motor.

  In order to achieve the above object, an iron core of the present invention is fixed to a substrate, has a winding portion, a laminated portion in which a plurality of ribbons are laminated, and the laminated portion is added in the lamination direction of the ribbons. The structure which has a fastening part to press is taken.

  Moreover, the motor of this invention takes the structure containing a rotor and the said iron core.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the driving efficiency of the motor.

(A) is sectional drawing of the laminated part which concerns on Embodiment 1, (b) is a top view of (a). (A) is sectional drawing of the fastening part of a lamination | stacking part, (b) is the elements on larger scale of (a), (c) is a top view of (b). (A) is a side view of the laminated part and motor which concern on Embodiment 2, (b) is a top view of (a). 6 is a top view of a metal plate of a laminated portion according to Embodiment 2. FIG. (A) is a side view of the laminated part and motor which concern on Embodiment 3, (b) is a top view of (a). It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the conventional division | segmentation iron core described in patent document 1. FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

(Embodiment 1)
Fig.1 (a) is a side view which shows the iron core which concerns on Embodiment 1, and the motor using the iron core. FIG. 1B is a top view of FIG. FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B specifically show a brushless motor.

  The iron core of the present embodiment has a laminated portion 1 and a fastening portion 6 (the same applies to Embodiments 2 and 3 described later).

  The laminated portion 1 is formed by laminating soft magnetic ribbons 36 (for example, a ribbon iron core material, an example of a ribbon). The thickness of the soft magnetic ribbon 36 is, for example, 10 to 60 μm. The material of the soft magnetic ribbon 36 is, for example, an iron-based alloy containing at least one of boron and silicon.

  The stacked portion 1 is provided with a through hole 10. Bolts 5 are fitted into the through holes 10. Thereby, the laminated portion 1 is pressed and fixed to the metal substrate 7 (an example of the substrate) by the fastening portion 6 that is a washer.

  The fastening part 6 is fixed by pressing the laminated part 1 in the laminating direction (downward direction in the figure, the same applies hereinafter). The bottom surface of the fastening portion 6 is in contact with the periphery of the top surface (opening portion) of the through hole 10.

  The rotor 8 is provided in the central opening. As shown in FIG. 1B, a winding 9 (an example of a winding part) is provided around the rotor 8.

  Four through holes 10 are provided outside the winding 9 (only two places are shown in FIG. 1A). Each of the four through holes 10 is disposed on the target. Thereby, the lamination | stacking part 1 can be pressed down equally.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, by holding the laminated portion 1 using the bolt 5, the fastening portion 6, and the through hole 10, disassembly is facilitated, and no adhesive is required. Since no adhesive is required, a decrease in the space factor can be suppressed, and a decrease in the driving efficiency of the motor can be suppressed. In addition, since the tightening force of the fastening portion 6 can be adjusted, there is no possibility of damaging the laminated portion 1 and damage to the laminated portion 1 can be prevented.

  In addition, the volt | bolt 5, the fastening part 6, and the through-hole 10 are examples, and you may use holding mechanisms other than those.

  In addition, the through hole 10 is not an essential component, and for example, the laminated portion 1 may be pressed by the fastening portion 6 using the outside of the laminated portion 1 or the like.

(Embodiment 2)
2A to 2C show the periphery of the fastening portion 6 of the laminated portion 31 of the soft magnetic ribbon 36. FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the fastening portion 6, FIG. 2B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the fastening portion 6, and FIG. 2C is an enlarged top plan view of the vicinity of the fastening portion 6. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the laminated portion 31 of the soft magnetic ribbon 36 is fixed by the bolt 5 that reaches the through hole 10 of the metal substrate 7. The details will be described with reference to FIG. 2B. The soft magnetic ribbon 36 fastened by the fastening portion 6 is closely attached in the stacking direction without any gap.

  However, since the rigidity of the soft magnetic ribbon 36 is low at a place where the fastening portion 6 is not constrained, the soft magnetic ribbon 36 attempts to spread by forming a gap 38 as shown in FIG. At this time, a deformed portion 37 is generated in the soft magnetic ribbon 36 in the vicinity (near the periphery) of the fastening portion 6 as shown in FIG. The deformed portion 37 becomes larger toward the end of the stacked body 31 in the stacking direction.

  As shown in FIG. 2C, when the bolt 5 is fastened, the soft magnetic ribbon 36 is twisted in the direction of the arrow in the figure due to the rotational force of the fastening portion 6.

  If the sum of the deformation and the twist of the soft magnetic ribbon 36 described above exceeds the limit of breakage of the soft magnetic ribbon 36, the soft magnetic ribbon 36 is damaged such as torn. If the soft magnetic ribbon 36 is damaged, the magnetic path at the time of driving the motor becomes discontinuous unlike the design, and the magnetic characteristics are deteriorated. Even if the soft magnetic ribbon 36 does not break, the magnetic characteristics are deteriorated due to the stress generated by the deformation.

  A countermeasure for such a problem will be described below.

  FIG. 3A is a side view showing an iron core according to the second embodiment and a motor using the iron core. FIG. 3B is a top view of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (a), the laminated body 4 of magnetic plates sandwiches a laminated part 1 in which soft magnetic ribbons 36 containing amorphous or nanocrystalline grains are laminated, and upper and lower surfaces in the laminating direction. Two electromagnetic steel plates 2a and 2b are provided. An electromagnetic steel plate 2 a is provided on the upper surface side of the laminated portion 1, and an electromagnetic steel plate 2 b is provided on the bottom surface side of the laminated portion 1.

  3A and 3B, two metal plates 3a and 3b sandwiching the laminate 4 are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the laminate 4 in the stacking direction. The metal plates 3a and 3b are austenitic stainless steel plates.

  Such a laminate 4 is fixed to the metal substrate 7 by bolts 5, fastening portions 6, and through holes 10 (not shown), for example, as in the first embodiment.

  In the laminated portion 1, the soft magnetic ribbons 36 are laminated without using an adhesive. By not using an adhesive, the space factor can be increased. The above configuration is a stator. The motor can be driven by providing a rotor 8 on the inner diameter of the stator and energizing it.

  The soft magnetic ribbon 36 is deformed by the stress acting in the vicinity of the fastening portion 6. In order to prevent this, the rigidity of the upper and lower surfaces of the stacked portion 1 in the stacking direction may be increased.

  For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 3A, the electromagnetic steel plates 2a and 2b and the metal plates 3a and 3b are provided vertically. The reason why the metal plates 3a and 3b are provided up and down is that the rigidity is more easily ensured than the metal substrate 7 alone.

  Temporarily, when the arrangement positions of the electromagnetic steel plates 2a and 2b and the metal plates 3a and 3b shown in FIG. 3 (a) are reversed (that is, the metal plates 3a and 3b are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the laminated portion 1, the metal plate 3a 3b), a gap is formed between the electromagnetic steel sheet 2 and the soft magnetic ribbon 36 in the teeth portion after the winding 9, and the entire length of the winding 9 is long. Therefore, the copper loss increases, the driving efficiency of the motor decreases, and at the same time, the soft magnetic ribbon 36 is easily damaged. Moreover, the drive efficiency of a motor also worsens by the presence of the metal plates 3a and 3b that are not related to the magnetic properties between the electromagnetic steel plates 2a and 2b and the laminated portion 1. In addition, a gap is formed between the electromagnetic steel sheet 2 and the soft magnetic ribbon 36 at the teeth portion after the winding 9, so that the driving efficiency of the motor is reduced and the soft magnetic ribbon 36 is easily damaged. End up. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3A, a configuration in which the electromagnetic steel plates 2a and 2b are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the laminated portion 1 and the metal plates 3a and 3b are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the electromagnetic steel plates 2a and 2b is preferable.

  In addition, you may make it provide either one of the electromagnetic steel plates 2a and 2b or the metal plates 3a and 3b. Here, the configuration including the electromagnetic steel plates 2a and 2b has been described as an example, but this is because the winding pressure of the winding 9 directly acts on the corners of the laminated portion 1, and the soft magnetic ribbons from the corners and the like. This is to prevent 36 from being easily damaged. Therefore, if there is no fear of damage due to the winding 9, the electromagnetic steel plates 2a and 2b may not be provided.

<Electromagnetic steel sheet 2a, 2b>
Here, the electromagnetic steel plates 2a and 2b will be further described.

  Since the magnetic steel plates 2a and 2b are made of the same soft magnetic material as that of the soft magnetic ribbon 36, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the magnetic properties of the laminate 4. The plate thickness of the electromagnetic steel sheet 2 is generally 0.35 mm to 0.5 mm for products on the market. At present, an electromagnetic steel sheet 2 of about 0.15 mm is also on the market, but it is expensive. Therefore, the thickness of the electromagnetic steel sheet 2 is limited.

  Whether or not the soft magnetic ribbon 36 is damaged depends on the magnitude of the fastening force. When the fastening force is large, it is preferable to provide the electromagnetic steel plates 2a and 2b on the upper and lower surfaces of the laminated portion 1 in order to increase rigidity and prevent breakage. Furthermore, it is preferable to provide a plurality of each of the electromagnetic steel plates 2a and 2b.

  The soft magnetic ribbon 36 is preferably a nanocrystal grain material obtained by crystallizing an amorphous material, which has superior magnetic properties as compared with an amorphous material. However, since the nanocrystalline material is more fragile than the amorphous material, further measures for preventing damage are required when the nanogranulated material is used for the soft magnetic ribbon 36.

  Since the metal plates 3a and 3b are not limited by the plate thickness, they may be provided one above the other. On the other hand, the electromagnetic steel plates 2a and 2b are soft magnetic bodies like the soft magnetic ribbon 36, but the plate thickness is about one-tenth that of the electromagnetic steel plates 2a and 2b, compared to the thin soft magnetic ribbon 36. The eddy current loss is large. Therefore, when each of the electromagnetic steel plates 2a and 2b is incorporated into a plurality of motors, the driving efficiency of the motors may be reduced. Therefore, when priority is given to the driving efficiency of the motor, it is preferable to minimize the number of each of the electromagnetic steel sheets 2a and 2b.

For this reason, it is preferable that the thickness relationship for each of the soft magnetic ribbon 36, the electromagnetic steel plate 2a (2b), and the metal plate 3a (3b) satisfies the following formula 1.
Soft magnetic ribbon 36 <Electromagnetic steel plate 2a ≦ Metal plate 3a... Formula 1

  The Young's modulus related to the rigidity is 130 GPa for the electromagnetic steel plates 2a and 2b, and 193 GPa for the austenitic stainless steel (metal plates 3a and 3b). Therefore, in order to obtain the same rigidity, there is an advantage that the austenitic stainless steel (metal plates 3a and 3b) may be thinner than the electromagnetic steel plates 2a and 2b.

The rigidity of the metal plate 3 is preferably higher than that of the electromagnetic steel sheet 2. Therefore, it is preferable that the magnitude relationship of the rigidity of each of the soft magnetic ribbon 36, the electromagnetic steel plate 2a (2b), and the metal plate 3a (3b) satisfies the following formula 2.
Soft magnetic ribbon 36 <Electromagnetic steel plate 2a <Metal plate 3a ... Formula 2

<Metal plates 3a and 3b>
Here, the metal plates 3a and 3b will be further described.

  FIG. 4 is a top view of the metal plate 3a. Below, although the metal plate 3a shown in FIG. 4 is demonstrated, the description shall be applied also to the metal plate 3b.

  The metal plate 3a is annular. The outer shape of the metal plate 3a is such that when it is extended outward from the soft magnetic ribbon 36 (laminated portion 1) or the electromagnetic steel plate 2, it is buffered with other parts during motor assembly. It has the same shape as the electromagnetic steel plate 2.

  The metal plate 3a is provided with four through holes 10 through which the fastening bolts 5 are inserted. The metal plate 3a is provided with a through hole 20 through which the rotor 8 (see FIG. 3B) is inserted. The size of the through hole 20 is a size that does not cover the winding 9 shown in FIG.

  Thus, by making the metal plate 3 a not to cover the winding 9, the length required for the winding 9 is less than the thickness of the metal plate 3 compared to the case where the metal plate 3 a covers the winding 9. And twice the product of the number of turns and the number of turns. As the length of the winding 9 increases, the copper loss (joule heat generated by the current flowing in the copper wire) increases. Therefore, when the metal plate 3a has a shape that does not cover the winding 9, the copper loss is reduced and the drive efficiency of the motor is improved.

  As described above, nonmagnetic austenitic stainless steel is used as the material of the metal plate 3a so as not to affect the magnetism. If the area where the metal plate 3a is in contact with the soft magnetic ribbon 36 is larger than the area where the fastening portion 6 is in contact with the metal plate 3a, the stress concentrated in the vicinity of the fastening portion 6 can be dispersed.

(Embodiment 3)
Fig.5 (a) is a side view which shows the iron core which concerns on Embodiment 3, and the motor using the iron core. FIG. 5B is a top view of FIG.

  The configuration shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B is different from the configuration of the second embodiment (the configuration shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B) in each of the four fastening portions 6. The difference is that the divided metal plates 11a and 11b are provided. The metal plate 11a is provided on the upper surface side of the electromagnetic steel plate 2a, and the metal plate 11b is provided on the bottom surface side of the electromagnetic steel plate 2b.

  The area of one metal plate 11a is preferably at least twice as large as that of one fastening portion 6. However, the area where the metal plate 11a is in contact with the laminate 4 (the electromagnetic steel plate 2a) needs to be larger than the area where the metal plate 11a is in contact with the fastening portion 6. The reason is that stress generated in the vicinity of the fastening portion 6 rapidly decreases when the fastening portion 6 is separated from the fastening portion 6, so that even if the metal plate 11 a exists at a position away from the fastening portion 6, a great effect cannot be obtained. It is.

  The shape of each metal plate 11a is preferably symmetric with respect to the fastening portion 6 in order to ensure the symmetry of the stress distribution.

  Each metal plate 11b may have the same shape as the metal plate 11a.

  In addition, as shown to Fig.5 (a), although the case where the metal plates 11a and 11b were provided in each of the upper and lower surfaces of the lamination | stacking direction of the lamination | stacking part 1 was demonstrated, the metal plate 11a or only on either one surface is demonstrated. A metal plate 11b may be provided.

  Moreover, you may use the metal plate 3 demonstrated in Embodiment 1, 2 instead of the metal plate 11a or the metal plate 11b.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, by providing the divided metal plates 11a and 11b in the respective fastening portions 6, the volume occupied by the motor of the metal plates 11a and 11b is reduced, so that other mounting parts, etc. Space can be secured. In addition, there is an effect that the material yield at the time of manufacturing the parts is increased and the unit price of the parts is reduced. Furthermore, since the interaction does not work between the divided metal plates 11a (or between the metal plates 11b), excessive stress is not applied to the laminate 4.

  As mentioned above, although Embodiment 1-3 was demonstrated, this invention is not limited to description of the said Embodiment 1-3, A various deformation | transformation is possible in the range which does not deviate from the meaning.

  The iron core according to the present invention is useful as a stator for a motor. Furthermore, the iron core according to the present invention can be applied to uses of magnetic parts such as transformers in addition to motors.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 31 Lamination | stacking part 2a, 2b Magnetic steel plate 3a, 3b, 11a, 11b Metal plate 4 Lamination body 5 Bolt 6 Fastening part 7 Metal substrate 8 Rotor 9 Winding 10, 20 Through-hole 21 Lamination material 22 Lamination body 36 Soft magnetic Thin ribbon 37 Deformation part 38 Clearance

Claims (14)

A laminated portion fixed to the substrate, having a winding portion, and having a plurality of thin ribbons laminated;
A fastening part that pressurizes the laminated part in the laminating direction of the ribbon,
Iron core. The fastening portion is disposed around an opening of a through hole penetrating the laminated portion.
The iron core according to claim 1. Furthermore, a metal plate having a shape that does not cover the winding portion is provided between the laminated portion and the fastening portion.
The iron core according to claim 1 or 2. The metal plate is a non-magnetic steel plate,
The iron core according to claim 3. The area where the metal plate is in contact with the laminated portion is larger than the area where the metal plate is in contact with the fastening portion,
The iron core according to claim 3 or 4. Furthermore, between the said laminated part and the said metal plate, it has an electromagnetic steel plate,
The iron core according to any one of claims 3 to 5. The shape of the metal plate is annular,
The iron core according to any one of claims 3 to 6. The shape of the metal plate is a shape that exists only around the fastening portion.
The iron core according to any one of claims 3 to 6.   9. The iron core according to claim 3, wherein there are a plurality of the metal plates, and the laminated portion is fixed from one side of the thin ribbon in the laminating direction. There are a plurality of the fastening portions, and they are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the iron core.
The iron core according to any one of claims 1 to 9. There are a plurality of the metal plates, and the lamination part is fixed from both sides in the lamination direction of the ribbon.
The iron core according to any one of claims 3 to 10. There are a plurality of the electromagnetic steel sheets, and the laminated part is fixed from both sides in the laminating direction of the ribbon,
The iron core according to any one of claims 6 to 11. The rigidity of the metal plate is a material larger than the rigidity of the electromagnetic steel sheet.
The iron core according to any one of claims 6 to 12.   A motor comprising a rotor and the iron core according to any one of claims 1 to 13.