JP2018071287A - Construction method of pipe roof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a construction method of a pipe roof capable of controlling a drilling amount.SOLUTION: A construction method of a pipe roof which connects a plurality of underground spaces installed underground with a pipe roof is provided. A step of constructing a reference tunnel 3 with a larger diameter from a departure shaft 1 toward an arrival shaft 2, a step of constructing a general tunnel 4A with a smaller diameter from the departure shaft toward the arrival shaft using a general drilling machine 6 with a smaller diameter sized to able to pass through the inner space of a reference tunnel, a step of pulling the general drilling machine which arrived at the arrival shaft back to the departure shaft through a reference tunnel are provided. In addition, a step of constructing a separate general tunnel 4B with a smaller diameter from the departure shaft toward the arrival shaft by the general drilling machine pulled back to the departure shaft and pulling the general tunnel 4B with a smaller diameter back to the side of the departure shaft through a reference tunnel is repeated for as many times as needed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1B

Description

  The present invention relates to a pipe roof construction method in which a plurality of underground spaces provided in the ground are connected by a pipe roof.

  Patent Document 1 discloses an excavator that excavates the ground at the top of a pipe in a propulsion method in which a tunnel is constructed by continuously pushing the pipe into the ground. This excavator can excavate to the same extent as the outer diameter of the following pipe by the front cutter head, and refracts the cutter head toward the center to pull the excavator back to the start shaft side through the inside of the pipe. It has a configuration that can.

  Such an excavator is used when constructing a pipe roof as disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3. Since the pipe roof is formed by arranging a plurality of propulsion pipes (tunnels) in the ground, the excavator is dug by the number of propulsion pipes arranged.

JP-A-9-144485 JP 2001-32672 A JP 2002-147172 A

  However, an expansion / reduction excavator that can be refracted toward the center of the cutter head and collected on the start shaft side (hereinafter, an excavator configured so that the cutter portion can be reduced in diameter is referred to as an “expansion / reduction excavator”) is used. Equipment cost increases due to the complicated structure. Moreover, since it is difficult to reduce the cross section, even if a small-diameter tunnel is sufficient, the cross section is adapted to the size of the expansion / contraction excavation machine, which causes the construction cost to increase.

  In addition, when the number of propelling pipes is increased, if the excavation work is carried out by the excavator in parallel for the purpose of shortening the construction period, a plurality of expansion / contraction excavators will be prepared, which will further increase the construction cost. .

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a pipe roof construction method capable of suppressing the amount of excavation.

  In order to achieve the above object, a pipe roof construction method of the present invention is a pipe roof construction method for connecting a plurality of underground spaces provided in the ground with a pipe roof, the first underground space. The first underground space using a step of constructing a large tunnel having a large diameter from the first to the second hollow and a small digging machine having a small diameter capable of passing through the inner space of the large tunnel. A small tunnel having a small diameter toward the second hollow, and passing the small digging machine that has reached between the second hollows through the large tunnel between the first hollows. A small tunnel having another small diameter from the first underground space to the second hollow space by the small excavator returned between the first hollow spaces. And pulling back to the first underground space side through the large tunnel. , And repeating as many times as necessary.

  Here, the second underground space may be a narrow space narrower than the first underground space. The large tunnel may be constructed by an expansion / reduction machine capable of reducing the diameter of the front cutter, and the expansion / reduction machine may be pulled back through the large tunnel between the first ground hollows. .

  Further, a step of constructing a large-diameter large tunnel through which the small excavator can pass from the first underground space or the second underground space to a third hollow space; and Constructing a small tunnel by the small digging machine from the underground space or the second underground space between the third underground cavities, and the small digging machine reaching between the third underground cavities Through the large tunnel and pulling back between the first underground space or the second underground hollow.

  The construction method of the pipe roof of the present invention configured as described above first constructs a large-diameter large tunnel from the first underground space to the second underground hollow, and then collects it through the large tunnel. Small tunnels will be built using small digging machines with a small diameter.

  For this reason, compared with the case where a pipe roof is constructed only with a large diameter tunnel, the amount of excavation can be suppressed. In addition, since it is not necessary to input or remove the excavator using a crane in the second underground space, construction can be performed even if the second underground space is a narrow space.

  Furthermore, when a large tunnel is constructed by an expansion / contraction excavating machine whose front cutter can reduce the diameter, it can be easily pulled back to the first underground space side after reaching the second hollow.

  Even when there are three underground spaces, by using the large tunnel for collecting the small excavator, it is possible to construct pipe roofs at a plurality of locations while suppressing the amount of excavation.

In the construction method of the pipe roof of this Embodiment, it is a schematic plan view for demonstrating the process of constructing | assembling a reference | standard tunnel. It is a schematic plan view for demonstrating the process of constructing | assembling a general tunnel adjacent to a reference | standard tunnel. It is a top view explaining the structure by which the pipe roof was constructed | assembled between the starting shaft and the reaching shaft. It is sectional drawing seen in the AA arrow direction of FIG. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the state of the expansion / contraction excavation machine under excavation in the ground. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the process of reducing the diameter of a cutter head and pulling back an expansion / contraction machine. It is a transverse cross section for explaining the connection state of a standard pipe and a general propulsion pipe. It is a schematic plan view for demonstrating the construction method of the pipe roof of an Example.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1A and 1B are schematic diagrams for explaining a pipe roof construction method according to the present embodiment, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are a start shaft 1 serving as a first underground space and a reaching shaft serving as a second underground space. It is a figure explaining the structure which connected between 2 with the pipe roof 30. FIG.

  The pipe roof 30 is provided for constructing a tunnel or an underground space in the ground while suppressing the settlement of roads and tracks on the surface. In the present embodiment, a case where the pipe roof 30 is constructed by the propulsion method will be described.

  In the propulsion method, the excavator is started from the start shaft 1, and a tunnel is constructed by pushing the propulsion pipe behind the excavator pushed into the ground while cutting the ground.

  When the excavator reaches the reaching shaft 2, it is lifted by a crane or the like and used again for excavation from the starting shaft 1 or for excavation at another location. For this reason, a work yard for installing cranes and installing materials is usually required around the start shaft 1 and the reach shaft 2.

  Here, there are cases where a site for constructing the start shaft 1 and the reach shaft 2 and a site for a work yard cannot be sufficiently secured in a site in the city center. In the present embodiment, a construction method of the pipe roof 30 that can be implemented even in such a case will be described.

  First, regarding the start shaft 1, a space for assembling an excavator and carrying in materials can be secured. In addition, it is assumed that a work yard for installing a crane or temporarily placing materials around the start shaft 1 can be secured.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 as viewed in the direction of arrows AA in the figure, the start shaft 1 surrounded by the mountain retaining wall 11 and dug down is formed in a relatively large cavity. .

  On the bottom of the start shaft 1 is provided a floor 12 on which concrete is spread and leveled, and a start frame 13 for the excavator is installed thereon. The starting stand 13 is a stage for starting a digging machine or securing a reaction force for propulsion, and is relatively large.

  On the other hand, on the side of the reaching shaft 2, it is assumed that a large site or work yard cannot be secured as on the start shaft 1 side. This reach shaft 2 is surrounded by a mountain retaining wall 21, and a bottom plate 22 is provided with a concrete spread on the bottom surface.

  On the bottom plate 22, a reaching platform 23 for placing the reached excavator is installed. This arrival stand 23 can be made smaller than the start stand 13. Moreover, although demonstrated here as the reach shaft 2, when the ground cannot be excavated, an underground cavity can also be made into 2nd underground space. In short, in the second underground space, it is sufficient that the excavator can be reached and a work space in which the worker can move the excavator laterally can be secured.

  In the construction method of the pipe roof 30 of the present embodiment, two types of excavators are used. The first excavation machine is an expansion / contraction excavation machine 5 as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B in which the front cutter can be reduced in diameter.

  The expansion / contraction machine 5 is mainly configured by a cylindrical main body 52 and a cutter head 51 serving as a cutter unit. In addition, a leading conduit 53 having a single inner diameter is disposed outside the main body 52.

  The cutter head 51 includes, in addition to a normal cutter bit, a spoke 512 that can be expanded to substantially the same diameter as the tip conduit 53 and an overbit 511 that is attached to the tip of the spoke 512.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, the spoke 512 to which the overbit 511 is attached can be refracted toward the center of the cutter head 51 using the pin 513 as a rotation fulcrum.

  On the other hand, the main body portion 52 is mainly configured by a motor portion 521 that rotationally drives the cutter head 51, a jack portion 522, and a mud pipe 523 for discharging the excavated earth and sand outside the tunnel.

  In the main body 52, the cutter head 51 side and the motor unit 521 side are partitioned by a partition wall 524. A metal fitting 541 for connecting the wire rope 551 is attached to the rear end portion 54 of the main body portion 52.

  A plurality of jack portions 522 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and a force for pressing the cutter head 51 against the ground can be applied and the propulsion direction can be controlled.

  The mud discharge pipe 523 is connected to the tip of the pipe 32 in the tunnel at the rear end, and the mud etc. injected to stabilize the earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 51 and the excavation surface are directed to the starting shaft 1. Can be transported.

  The front conduit 53 is a tube material in which an inner space that can accommodate the expansion / contraction machine 5 is formed, and is formed to have the same diameter as the reference tube 31 connected to the rear. The reference pipe 31 is a propulsion pipe that is pushed behind the leading conduit 53 and is a constituent member of the outer shell of the reference tunnel 3.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the start tunnel 1 and the arrival shaft 2 are connected by the reference tunnel 3 by connecting a plurality of reference pipes 31. The reference tunnel 3 is a large tunnel having a large diameter.

  On the other hand, as another type of excavator, a small-diameter small-diameter having a size capable of passing through the inner space of the reference tunnel 3 is used as the general excavator 6. The general excavator 6 includes a cutter head 61 as a cutter unit on the front surface, but the cutter head 61 cannot be reduced in diameter.

  A general propulsion pipe 41 is connected to the rear of the general excavator 6, and a small tunnel having a small diameter constituted by the general propulsion pipe 41 is referred to as a general tunnel 4A-4J. FIG. 5 shows a connection state between the reference pipe 31 and the general propulsion pipe 41.

  A pair of female concave joints 311 and 311 are provided at opposing positions on the outer periphery of the reference tube 31. A female-type concave joint 411 and a male-type convex joint 412 are respectively provided at opposing positions on the outer periphery of the general propulsion pipe 41.

  The concave joint 311 of the reference pipe 31 is continuously extended in a direction parallel to the pipe axis direction, and the convex joint 412 of the general propulsion pipe 41 can be inserted into the inner space thereof. That is, the tip of the convex joint 412 of the general propulsion pipe 41 is inserted into the opening of the concave joint 311 opened to the start shaft 1 side with respect to the reference pipe 31 that has been pushed into the ground in advance. By pushing 41 along the reference tube 31, the general propulsion tube 41 can be connected to the reference tube 31.

  By inserting the convex joint 412 of another general propulsion pipe 41 adjacent to the concave joint 411 to the general propulsion pipe 41 pushed into the ground in this way, the general propulsion pipes 41 and 41 are connected to each other. Can be linked.

  Next, the construction method of the pipe roof 30 of this Embodiment and its effect | action are demonstrated.

  First, as shown in FIG. 1A, the expansion / reduction excavator 5 in a state where the spoke 512 with the over bit 511 attached to the tip is expanded from the start shaft 1 is started, and the reference tunnel 3 is constructed toward the arrival shaft 2.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the outer shell of the reference tunnel 3 is formed by a plurality of reference pipes 31,. The diameter of the reference tunnel 3 is set to 1100 mm, for example.

  When the expansion / contraction machine 5 reaches the reaching shaft 2, as shown in FIG. 4B, the spokes 512 and 512 projecting into the reaching shaft 2 are refracted toward the center of the cutter head 51, so that the inside of the reference tunnel 3 Make the sky passable.

  Subsequently, one end of the wire rope 551 is moored to the metal fitting 541 of the rear end portion 54 of the expansion / contraction machine 5. As shown in FIG. 3, the other end of the wire rope 551 is connected to a winch 55 installed on the start frame 13 of the start shaft 1.

  When the winch 55 is operated, the wire rope 551 is wound up, and the expansion / contraction excavation machine 5 can be moved backward. That is, the expansion / contraction excavation machine 5 is pulled back toward the start shaft 1. The expansion / reduction machine 5 collected in the start shaft 1 is lifted by the crane 14 and removed from the start shaft 1 when not used in the subsequent process.

  Instead of the expansion / contraction excavator 5, the general excavator 6 lifted by the crane 14 is carried into the start shaft 1. The general excavator 6 is placed on the start stand 13 and set next to the wellhead of the reference tunnel 3.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, a general tunnel 4 </ b> A is constructed by the general excavator 6. As shown in FIG. 2, the outer shell of the general tunnel 4 </ b> A is formed by a plurality of general propulsion pipes 41,. The diameter of this general tunnel 4A is set to 800 mm, for example.

  After reaching the reach shaft 2 of the general excavator 6, as shown in FIG. 1B, the general excavator 6 pushed into the space in the reach shaft 2 is moved laterally, and a large diameter reference constructed in advance. It is installed in front of the tunnel 3 tunnel.

  Thereafter, the wire rope 551 is moored at the rear end of the general excavator 6 in the same manner as the expansion / contraction excavator 5 described above, and is pulled back to the start shaft 1 through the reference tunnel 3 by the operation of the winch 55.

  The general excavator 6 collected in the start shaft 1 is continuously used to construct the general tunnel 4B. Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the general tunnel 4 </ b> A and the general tunnel 4 </ b> B are connected to both sides of the reference tunnel 3.

  Further, the general excavator 6 used for constructing the general tunnel 4B is pulled back to the start shaft 1 by the above-described procedure and used for constructing the general tunnel 4C having the same diameter. After that, as shown in FIG. 2, general tunnels 4D, 4E, 4F, 4G, 4H, 4I, and 4J are constructed on both sides alternately with the reference tunnel 3 as the center.

  In the construction method of the pipe roof 30 of the present embodiment configured as described above, a large-diameter reference tunnel 3 is first constructed from the starting shaft 1 to the reaching shaft 2, and thereafter, it can be recovered through the reference tunnel 3. The general tunnel 4A-4J is constructed by the general excavator 6 having a small diameter.

  For this reason, compared with the case where a pipe roof is constructed | assembled only with a large diameter tunnel, the amount of excavation can be suppressed significantly. Since the construction cost of the pipe roof 30 increases in proportion to the excavation amount, the reduction of the excavation amount can greatly contribute to the reduction of the construction period and the construction cost.

  In addition, it is not necessary to load or remove the excavator using a crane on the side of the vertical shaft 2, so it is possible to construct even if the site for the vertical shaft 2 cannot be secured sufficiently and becomes a small space. Can do. In short, since the reference tunnel 3 functions as a connection tunnel, the construction can be performed even if the reaching shaft 2 is a narrow space.

  Furthermore, when the reference tunnel 3 to be constructed first is constructed by the expansion / reduction excavator 5 in which the front cutter head 51 can reduce the diameter, after reaching the arrival shaft 2, the spoke 512 can be refracted to easily refract the start shaft. It can be pulled back to the 1 side.

  If the general tunnel 4A-4J is constructed in parallel using a plurality of general excavators 6 and 6, the construction period can be greatly shortened. If it is a general purpose general excavator 6, it can be expanded at a relatively low cost.

  Next, another embodiment different from the pipe roof construction method described in the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the description of the same or equivalent parts as those described in the above embodiment will be described with the same terms and the same reference numerals.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the pipe roof 30 that connects the two underground spaces, the start shaft 1 and the arrival shaft 2, is described. In the present embodiment, a construction method of the pipe roofs 30A and 30B for connecting the three underground spaces will be described.

  The first shaft 71 serving as the first underground space can secure a space for assembling an excavator or carrying in materials. In addition, it is assumed that a work yard for installing a crane or temporarily placing materials around the first shaft 71 can be secured.

  On the other hand, suppose that the 2nd shaft 72 used as the 2nd underground space provided in the position facing the 1st shaft 71 is in the condition which cannot secure a wide site and a work yard like the 1st shaft 71 side.

  Moreover, the 3rd shaft 73 used as the 3rd underground space provided in the position facing the 2nd shaft 72 is also in the condition which cannot secure a wide site and work yard like the 1st shaft 71 side. In short, it is assumed that the carrying and removal of the excavator and the temporary placement of materials and equipment are all performed on the first shaft 71 side.

  First, the reference tunnel 3 </ b> A that becomes a large-diameter large tunnel from the first vertical shaft 71 to the second vertical shaft 72 is constructed by the expansion / contraction advancement machine 5. Subsequently, as described in the above-described embodiment, the small-diameter small diameter from the first shaft 71 to the second shaft 72 using the general excavator 6 having a size capable of passing through the inner space of the reference tunnel 3A. A general tunnel 4 serving as a tunnel is constructed.

  Then, after the construction of the pipe roof 30A connecting the first shaft 71 and the second shaft 72, or in parallel with the construction of the pipe roof 30A, a large tunnel having a large diameter from the second shaft 72 to the third shaft 73 The reference tunnel 3 </ b> B is constructed by the expansion / contraction excavation machine 5.

  Subsequently, the general tunnel 4 that is a small tunnel having a small diameter from the second shaft 72 to the third shaft 73 is constructed using the general excavator 6 having a size capable of passing through the inner space of the reference tunnels 3A and 3B. Is done.

  Thus, even when the underground space is 3, the large diameter reference tunnels 3A and 3B are used for collecting and transporting the general excavator 6, thereby reducing the amount of excavation at a plurality of locations. Pipe roof 30A, 30B can be constructed.

  Moreover, even if it is a case where sufficient site cannot be ensured for the 2nd vertical shaft 72 or the 3rd vertical shaft 73, several pipe roof 30A, 30B can be constructed | assembled. In short, since the reference tunnels 3A and 3B fulfill the function of a connection tunnel, construction is possible even if the second shaft 72 and the third shaft 73 are narrow spaces.

  Other configurations and operational effects are substantially the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to the embodiment and the example, and the design change is within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention. Are included in the present invention.

  For example, in the said embodiment and Example, although the case where the reference | standard tunnels 3, 3A, 3B were constructed | assembled by the expansion / contraction excavation machine 5 was demonstrated, it is not limited to this, A large diameter general purpose excavation machine is used. It is also possible to construct a large-diameter large tunnel by using it, and for the large-diameter excavator, it is possible to adopt a method such as disassembling and removing within the reach shaft 2.

  In the above embodiment, the pipe roof 30 in which the reference tunnel 3 and the general tunnel 4A-4J are all connected has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the large tunnel and the small tunnel are spaced apart from each other. The present invention can also be applied to the construction of a pipe roof that is laid and buried.

  Furthermore, although the said Example demonstrated the case where the pipe roof 30B which connects the 2nd vertical shaft 72 and the 3rd vertical shaft was constructed, it is not limited to this, The 1st underground space and 3rd The present invention can also be applied when connecting the underground space with a pipe roof.

  Moreover, although the said Example demonstrated the case where three underground space (71, 72, 73) was connected by two pipe roof 30A, 30B, respectively, it is not limited to this, Four or more The present invention can also be applied when connecting underground spaces with pipe roofs.

1 Start shaft (first underground space)
2 Reaching shaft (second underground space)
30 Pipe roof 3 Standard tunnel (large tunnel)
4A-4J General tunnel (small tunnel)
5 Expansion / Reduction Machine 51 Cutter Head (Cutter)
6 General excavator (small excavator)
71 First shaft (first underground space)
72 Second shaft (second underground space)
73 3rd shaft (third underground space)
30A, 30B Pipe roof 3A, 3B Standard tunnel (large tunnel)
4 General tunnel (small tunnel)

Claims (4)

A pipe roof construction method for connecting a plurality of underground spaces provided in the ground with a pipe roof,
Constructing a large tunnel with a large diameter from the first underground space to the second hollow space;
Constructing a small-diameter small tunnel from the first underground space to the second underground hollow using a small-diameter small-diameter machine capable of passing through the inside of the large tunnel;
A step of pulling the small excavator that has reached between the second hollows through the large tunnel and pulling back between the first hollows,
With the small excavator returned between the first underground hollows, another small-diameter small tunnel is constructed from the first underground space to the second underground hollow, and the large tunnel is A method for constructing a pipe roof, characterized in that the step of pulling back to the first underground space side is repeated as many times as necessary.   The pipe roof construction method according to claim 1, wherein the second underground space is a narrow space narrower than the first underground space.   The large tunnel is constructed by an expansion / contraction machine capable of reducing the diameter of a front cutter, and the expansion / contraction machine is pulled back through the large tunnel between the first hollows. Or the construction method of the pipe roof of 2. Constructing a large-diameter large tunnel through which the small digging machine can pass from the first underground space or the second underground space to a third underground hollow;
Constructing a small tunnel by the small excavator from the first underground space or the second underground space to the space between the third underground hollows;
The step of pulling the small digging machine that has reached between the third underground hollows through the large tunnel and pulling back between the first underground space or the second underground hollows is provided. The pipe roof construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.