JP2018068089A - Superconducting magnetic energy storage device - Google Patents

Superconducting magnetic energy storage device Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2018068089A
JP2018068089A JP2016207254A JP2016207254A JP2018068089A JP 2018068089 A JP2018068089 A JP 2018068089A JP 2016207254 A JP2016207254 A JP 2016207254A JP 2016207254 A JP2016207254 A JP 2016207254A JP 2018068089 A JP2018068089 A JP 2018068089A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
ortho
superconducting
magnetic field
superconducting coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2016207254A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP6812747B2 (en
Inventor
深野　達雄
Tatsuo Fukano
達雄 深野
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc
Original Assignee
Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc filed Critical Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc
Priority to JP2016207254A priority Critical patent/JP6812747B2/en
Publication of JP2018068089A publication Critical patent/JP2018068089A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP6812747B2 publication Critical patent/JP6812747B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Landscapes

  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technique for suppressing increase in energy loss and suppressing generation of boil-off gas in a superconducting magnetic energy storage device using liquid hydrogen as a cooling medium.SOLUTION: The superconducting magnetic energy storage device 1 includes: a superconducting coil 2 for storing magnetic energy; a storage tank 4 that houses the superconducting coil 2 and stores liquid hydrogen; and orthohydrogen maintaining means 6, 7, 8 for maintaining the liquid hydrogen in a state in which an amount of orthohydrogen is high.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本明細書は、超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置（Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage : SMES）に関する。   The present specification relates to a superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES).

特許文献１は、液体水素を利用して超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置の超電導コイルを冷却するシステムを開示する。このシステムでは、エネルギーの有効利用を図るために、超電導コイルを冷却するために用いられる液体水素がガス化したボイルオフガスを、ガスタービン等で利用できるように構成されている。   Patent Document 1 discloses a system for cooling a superconducting coil of a superconducting magnetic energy storage device using liquid hydrogen. In this system, in order to effectively use energy, boil-off gas obtained by gasifying liquid hydrogen used for cooling the superconducting coil can be used in a gas turbine or the like.

ところで、水素分子は、２つの核スピンの向きが同じであるオルト水素と２つの核スピンの向きが逆であるパラ水素の２種類の核スピン異性体があることが知られている。オルト水素は、パラ水素よりもエネルギーが高い。このため、オルト水素からパラ水素へのオルト・パラ転換が発熱反応であり、パラ水素からオルト水素へのパラ・オルト転換が吸熱反応である。   By the way, it is known that the hydrogen molecule has two types of nuclear spin isomers, that is, ortho hydrogen in which the directions of two nuclear spins are the same and para hydrogen in which the directions of two nuclear spins are opposite. Ortho hydrogen has higher energy than para hydrogen. For this reason, ortho-para conversion from ortho hydrogen to para hydrogen is an exothermic reaction, and para-ortho conversion from para hydrogen to ortho hydrogen is an endothermic reaction.

特開２０１０−４３７０８号公報（特に、図３，５を参照）JP 2010-43708 A (refer to FIGS. 3 and 5 in particular)

特許文献１のように、冷却媒体として液体水素を利用する超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置では、超電導コイルが充電されると、超電導コイルが発生する磁場により、液体水素の核スピンの向きが一致し、パラ水素からオルト水素へのパラ・オルト転換が生じる。このパラ・オルト転換の吸熱反応により、磁場を通して超電導コイルからエネルギーが奪われる。一方、超電導コイルが放電すると、液体水素は平衡状態に戻るため、オルト水素からパラ水素へのオルト・パラ転換が生じる。このオルト・パラ転換の発熱反応により、液体水素が暖められ、ボイルオフガスが発生する。   As in Patent Document 1, in a superconducting magnetic energy storage device that uses liquid hydrogen as a cooling medium, when the superconducting coil is charged, the direction of the nuclear spin of the liquid hydrogen is matched by the magnetic field generated by the superconducting coil. A para-ortho conversion from hydrogen to ortho-hydrogen occurs. Due to the endothermic reaction of this para-ortho conversion, energy is deprived from the superconducting coil through the magnetic field. On the other hand, when the superconducting coil is discharged, liquid hydrogen returns to an equilibrium state, and ortho-para conversion from ortho hydrogen to para hydrogen occurs. Due to the exothermic reaction of this ortho-para conversion, liquid hydrogen is warmed and boil-off gas is generated.

このように、冷却媒体として液体水素を利用する超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置では、超電導コイルの充放電が繰り返されると、エネルギー損失が増大するとともに、ボイルオフガスが大量に発生する。特許文献１は、発生するボイルオフガスをガスタービン等で利用するとしているが、ガスタービンの駆動を必要としないときは、ボイルオフガスを有効に利用することができない。   Thus, in a superconducting magnetic energy storage device that uses liquid hydrogen as a cooling medium, when charging / discharging of the superconducting coil is repeated, energy loss increases and a large amount of boil-off gas is generated. In Patent Document 1, the generated boil-off gas is used in a gas turbine or the like. However, when the driving of the gas turbine is not required, the boil-off gas cannot be effectively used.

本明細書は、冷却媒体として液体水素を利用する超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置において、エネルギー損失の増大を抑えるとともに、ボイルオフガスの発生を抑える技術を提供する。   The present specification provides a technique for suppressing increase in energy loss and suppressing generation of boil-off gas in a superconducting magnetic energy storage device using liquid hydrogen as a cooling medium.

本明細書が開示する超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置の一実施形態は、磁気エネルギーを貯蔵する超電導コイル、その超電導コイルを収容するとともに液体水素を貯留する貯留槽、及び、液体水素をオルト水素の多い状態に維持するオルト水素維持手段を備える。この超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置では、オルト水素維持手段によって液体水素がオルト水素の多い状態に維持されているので、超電導コイルの充放電が繰り返されても、パラ・オルト転換の吸熱反応及びオルト・パラ転換の発熱反応の双方が抑えられる。このため、この超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置では、エネルギー損失の増大が抑えられるとともに、ボイルオフガスの発生が抑えられる。   One embodiment of a superconducting magnetic energy storage device disclosed in this specification includes a superconducting coil that stores magnetic energy, a storage tank that stores the superconducting coil and stores liquid hydrogen, and a state in which liquid hydrogen is rich in ortho hydrogen. Ortho hydrogen maintenance means is provided. In this superconducting magnetic energy storage device, liquid hydrogen is maintained in a state of a lot of ortho hydrogen by the ortho hydrogen maintaining means. Therefore, even if the superconducting coil is repeatedly charged and discharged, the endothermic reaction and ortho-para Both exothermic reactions of conversion are suppressed. For this reason, in this superconducting magnetic energy storage device, an increase in energy loss can be suppressed and generation of boil-off gas can be suppressed.

超伝導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置の構成の概略を示す。The outline of a structure of a superconducting magnetic energy storage device is shown.

以下、本明細書で開示される技術の特徴を整理する。なお、以下に記載する技術要素は、それぞれ独立した技術要素であって、単独であるいは各種の組合せによって技術的有用性を発揮するものであり、出願時請求項記載の組合せに限定されるものではない。   The technical features disclosed in this specification will be summarized below. The technical elements described below are independent technical elements and exhibit technical usefulness alone or in various combinations, and are not limited to the combinations described in the claims at the time of filing. Absent.

本明細書が開示する超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置の一実施形態は、磁気エネルギーを貯蔵する超電導コイル、その超電導コイルを収容するとともに液体水素を貯留する貯留槽、及び、液体水素をオルト水素の多い状態に維持するオルト水素維持手段を備えていてもよい。ここで、本明細書で記載する「オルト水素の多い状態に維持する」とは、パラ水素からオルト水素へのパラ・オルト転換を促進させることにより、貯留槽内の環境下におけるオルト水素とパラ水素の平衡状態よりも、パラ水素に対するオルト水素の存在比が高い状態に液体水素を維持させることをいう。超電導コイルの線材には、液体水素の温度である約−２５３℃（２０．４Ｋ）よりも高い温度に臨界温度を有する高温超電導体が用いられ、例えばＭｇＢ２、ＹＢＣＯ、ＢＳＣＣＯ、Ｈｇ-１２２３及びＬａＦｅＡｓ（Ｏ，Ｆ）が例示される。オルト水素維持手段には、パラ水素からオルト水素へのパラ・オルト転換を促進させる様々な手段を採用することができ、例えば液体水素に磁場を印加してパラ・オルト転換を促進する手段を採用することができる。オルト水素維持手段は、貯留槽内に配置されていてもよく、貯留槽とは別体の構造体に配置されていてもよい。   One embodiment of a superconducting magnetic energy storage device disclosed in this specification includes a superconducting coil that stores magnetic energy, a storage tank that stores the superconducting coil and stores liquid hydrogen, and a state in which liquid hydrogen is rich in ortho hydrogen. Ortho hydrogen maintenance means for maintaining the temperature may be provided. Here, “maintaining a state in which there is a lot of ortho hydrogen” described in this specification means that by promoting the para-ortho conversion from para hydrogen to ortho hydrogen, ortho hydrogen and para hydrogen in the environment in the storage tank are promoted. This means that liquid hydrogen is maintained in a state where the abundance ratio of ortho hydrogen to para hydrogen is higher than the equilibrium state of hydrogen. For the wire of the superconducting coil, a high-temperature superconductor having a critical temperature higher than the liquid hydrogen temperature of about −253 ° C. (20.4 K) is used. For example, MgB2, YBCO, BSCCO, Hg-1223, and LaFeAs (O, F) is exemplified. Various means for promoting the para-ortho conversion from para-hydrogen to ortho-hydrogen can be adopted as the ortho-hydrogen maintaining means. For example, a means for promoting para-ortho conversion by applying a magnetic field to liquid hydrogen is adopted. can do. The ortho hydrogen maintaining means may be disposed in the storage tank, or may be disposed in a separate structure from the storage tank.

オルト水素維持手段は、循環装置及び磁場発生装置を有していてもよい。循環装置は、貯留槽から液体水素を引き出して貯留槽に液体水素を戻すように構成されている。磁場発生装置は、循環装置によって貯留槽から引き出された液体水素に磁場を印加するように構成されている。この態様によると、磁場発生装置がパラ水素からオルト水素へのパラ・オルト転換を行うことにより、貯留槽内の液体水素がオルト水素の多い状態に維持される。さらに、磁場発生装置は、超電導コイルが放電している期間において、磁場を印加するように制御されてもよい。これにより、超電導コイルが磁場を発生させない期間において、磁場発生装置が貯留槽内に貯留されている液体水素をオルト水素の多い状態に維持することができる。また、磁場発生装置は、超電導コイルが充電しているときの少なくとも一部の期間において、磁場の印加を停止するように制御されてもよい。超電導コイルが充電している期間では、超電導コイルが発生する磁場によって貯留槽内に貯留されている液体水素がオルト水素の多い状態に維持される。このため、この期間の一部において磁場発生装置を停止することにより、超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置のエネルギー効率を向上させることができる。   The ortho hydrogen maintaining means may have a circulation device and a magnetic field generator. The circulation device is configured to draw liquid hydrogen from the storage tank and return the liquid hydrogen to the storage tank. The magnetic field generator is configured to apply a magnetic field to liquid hydrogen drawn from the storage tank by the circulation device. According to this aspect, the magnetic field generator performs para-ortho conversion from para-hydrogen to ortho-hydrogen, so that the liquid hydrogen in the storage tank is maintained in a state of high ortho-hydrogen. Furthermore, the magnetic field generator may be controlled to apply a magnetic field during a period when the superconducting coil is discharged. Thereby, in the period when a superconducting coil does not generate a magnetic field, the magnetic field generator can maintain the liquid hydrogen stored in the storage tank in a state where there is a lot of ortho hydrogen. Further, the magnetic field generator may be controlled to stop the application of the magnetic field in at least a part of the period when the superconducting coil is charged. During the period in which the superconducting coil is charged, the liquid hydrogen stored in the storage tank is maintained in a state in which the amount of ortho hydrogen is high by the magnetic field generated by the superconducting coil. For this reason, the energy efficiency of the superconducting magnetic energy storage device can be improved by stopping the magnetic field generator during part of this period.

図１に示されるように、超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置１は、超電導コイル２、貯留槽４、循環装置６、磁場発生装置７及び制御装置８を備える。循環装置６、磁場発生装置７及び制御装置８は、オルト水素維持手段として機能する。   As shown in FIG. 1, the superconducting magnetic energy storage device 1 includes a superconducting coil 2, a storage tank 4, a circulation device 6, a magnetic field generation device 7, and a control device 8. The circulation device 6, the magnetic field generation device 7, and the control device 8 function as ortho hydrogen maintaining means.

超電導コイル２は、例えば系統の交流電源がインバータ装置を介して接続しており、直流電流が流れるように構成されている。超電導コイル２は、直流電流が流れているときに両端を短絡させるスイッチ回路（図示省略）を有する。これにより、超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置１は、超電導コイル２を含む閉ループに直流電流を還流させ、電気エネルギーを磁気エネルギーとして貯蔵することができる。超電導コイル２の線材には、ＹＢＣＯが用いられている。   The superconducting coil 2 is configured such that, for example, a system AC power supply is connected via an inverter device, and a DC current flows. Superconducting coil 2 has a switch circuit (not shown) that short-circuits both ends when a direct current is flowing. Thereby, the superconducting magnetic energy storage device 1 can recirculate a direct current to the closed loop including the superconducting coil 2 and store electric energy as magnetic energy. YBCO is used for the wire of the superconducting coil 2.

貯留槽４は、超電導コイル２を収容するとともに液体水素を貯留するように構成されている。後述するように、貯留槽４に貯留されている液体水素は、超電導コイル２が充放電を繰り返すときに、オルト水素の多い状態に維持されている。   The storage tank 4 is configured to store the superconducting coil 2 and store liquid hydrogen. As will be described later, the liquid hydrogen stored in the storage tank 4 is maintained in a state where there is a lot of ortho-hydrogen when the superconducting coil 2 repeats charging and discharging.

循環装置６は、貯留槽４から液体水素を引き出して貯留槽４に液体水素を戻すように構成されている。   The circulation device 6 is configured to draw liquid hydrogen from the storage tank 4 and return the liquid hydrogen to the storage tank 4.

磁場発生装置７は、循環装置６の循環経路に設けられており、循環経路を循環する液体水素に磁場を印加するように構成されている。磁場発生装置７は、液体水素に対して０．１Ｔ（テスラ）以上の強さの磁場を印加可能に構成されている。このような強磁場が印加されると、液体水素では、パラ水素からオルト水素へのパラ・オルト水素転換が促進される。また、液体水素を冷却する冷却装置が循環装置６の循環経路に設けられていてもよい。   The magnetic field generator 7 is provided in the circulation path of the circulation device 6 and is configured to apply a magnetic field to liquid hydrogen circulating in the circulation path. The magnetic field generator 7 is configured to be able to apply a magnetic field having a strength of 0.1 T (tesla) or more to liquid hydrogen. When such a strong magnetic field is applied, para-ortho hydrogen conversion from para hydrogen to ortho hydrogen is promoted in liquid hydrogen. A cooling device for cooling the liquid hydrogen may be provided in the circulation path of the circulation device 6.

制御装置８は、磁場発生装置７が液体水素に磁場を印加するタイミングを制御するように構成されている。制御装置８は、超電導コイル２が放電している期間において、磁場発生装置７が磁場を印加するように制御する。また、制御装置８は、超電導コイル２が充電されているときの少なくとも一部の期間において、磁場発生装置７が磁場を印加するのを停止するように制御する。   The controller 8 is configured to control the timing at which the magnetic field generator 7 applies a magnetic field to liquid hydrogen. The controller 8 controls the magnetic field generator 7 to apply a magnetic field during the period when the superconducting coil 2 is discharged. Further, the control device 8 performs control so that the magnetic field generator 7 stops applying the magnetic field during at least a part of the period when the superconducting coil 2 is charged.

次に、超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置１の動作を説明する。なお、超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置１が動作する前の段階では、貯留槽４内に貯留されている液体水素は、オルト水素とパラ水素が平衡状態にあり、特定のパラ水素が多い存在比でオルト水素とパラ水素が存在する。   Next, the operation of the superconducting magnetic energy storage device 1 will be described. In the stage before the superconducting magnetic energy storage device 1 is operated, the liquid hydrogen stored in the storage tank 4 is in an equilibrium state where ortho hydrogen and para hydrogen are in an equilibrium state, and ortho hydrogen with a high ratio of specific para hydrogen is present. Hydrogen and parahydrogen are present.

まず、超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置１は、初期充電動作を実行する。初期充電動作では、スイッチ回路（図示省略）が、超電導コイル２に直流電流が流れているときに、超電導コイル２の両端を短絡させて超電導コイル２を含む閉ループを構成する。これにより、超電導コイル２を含む閉ループを直流電流が還流し、超電導コイル２が充電される。超電導コイル２が充電されると、超電導コイル２が発生する磁場により、貯留槽４内に貯留されている液体水素の核スピンの向きが一致し、パラ水素からオルト水素へのパラ・オルト転換が生じる。パラ・オルト転換は吸熱反応であり、この吸熱反応により磁場を通して超電導コイル２からエネルギーが奪われる。なお、この初期充電に先立って、循環装置６が液体水素を循環させるとともに制御装置８が磁場発生装置７を駆動して循環する液体水素に磁場を印加し、液体水素にパラ・オルト転換を生じさせておいてもよい。このように、初期充電が完了すると、貯留槽４内に貯留されている液体水素は、平衡状態に比して、パラ水素に対するオルト水素の存在比が高い状態となる。   First, the superconducting magnetic energy storage device 1 performs an initial charging operation. In the initial charging operation, a switch circuit (not shown) forms a closed loop including the superconducting coil 2 by short-circuiting both ends of the superconducting coil 2 when a direct current flows through the superconducting coil 2. Thereby, a direct current flows through the closed loop including the superconducting coil 2 and the superconducting coil 2 is charged. When the superconducting coil 2 is charged, the magnetic spin generated by the superconducting coil 2 matches the direction of the nuclear spin of liquid hydrogen stored in the storage tank 4, and para-ortho conversion from para-hydrogen to ortho-hydrogen occurs. Arise. The para-ortho conversion is an endothermic reaction, and energy is deprived from the superconducting coil 2 through the magnetic field by this endothermic reaction. Prior to this initial charging, the circulation device 6 circulates liquid hydrogen and the control device 8 drives the magnetic field generator 7 to apply a magnetic field to the circulated liquid hydrogen, thereby causing para-ortho conversion in the liquid hydrogen. You may leave it. Thus, when the initial charging is completed, the liquid hydrogen stored in the storage tank 4 is in a state in which the ratio of ortho hydrogen to para hydrogen is higher than that in the equilibrium state.

次に、超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置１は、外部負荷の要求に応じて、放電動作を実行する。放電動作では、スイッチ回路（図示省略）が、超電導コイル２の両端を開放して超電導コイル２を外部負荷に接続させる。これにより、超電導コイル２に貯蔵されていた磁気エネルギーが電気エネルギーとして外部負荷に供給される。この超電導コイル２の放電動作に先立って、循環装置６が液体水素を循環させるとともに制御装置８が磁場発生装置７を駆動して循環する液体水素に磁場を印加する。これにより、超電導コイル２が放電して超電導コイル２が磁場を発生しなくなった後でも、磁場発生装置７が液体水素に対して磁場を印加し続けるので、貯留槽４内に貯留されている液体水素は、オルト水素の多い状態に維持される。これにより、液体水素がオルト水素からパラ水素にオルト・パラ転換することが抑えられる。液体水素のオルト・パラ転換は発熱反応であり、この発熱反応が抑えられるので、ボイルオフガスの発生が抑えられる。   Next, the superconducting magnetic energy storage device 1 performs a discharge operation in response to a request from an external load. In the discharging operation, a switch circuit (not shown) opens both ends of the superconducting coil 2 to connect the superconducting coil 2 to an external load. Thereby, the magnetic energy stored in the superconducting coil 2 is supplied to the external load as electric energy. Prior to the discharge operation of the superconducting coil 2, the circulation device 6 circulates liquid hydrogen and the control device 8 drives the magnetic field generator 7 to apply a magnetic field to the circulated liquid hydrogen. Thereby, even after the superconducting coil 2 is discharged and the superconducting coil 2 no longer generates a magnetic field, the magnetic field generator 7 continues to apply the magnetic field to the liquid hydrogen, so the liquid stored in the storage tank 4 Hydrogen is maintained in an ortho hydrogen rich state. This suppresses the ortho-para conversion of liquid hydrogen from ortho hydrogen to para hydrogen. The ortho-para conversion of liquid hydrogen is an exothermic reaction, and since this exothermic reaction is suppressed, generation of boil-off gas can be suppressed.

次に、超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置１は、充電動作を実行する。充電動作では、スイッチ回路（図示省略）が、超電導コイル２に直流電流が流れているときに、超電導コイル２の両端を短絡させて超電導コイル２を含む閉ループを構成する。これにより、超電導コイル２を含む閉ループを直流電流が還流し、超電導コイル２が充電される。貯留槽４内に貯留されている液体水素がオルト水素の多い状態に維持されているので、この充電動作では、パラ水素からオルト水素へのパラ・オルト転換が抑えられる。このため、パラ・オルト転換の吸熱反応によるエネルギー損失が低減される。超電導コイル２が充電されると、制御装置８は、磁場発生装置７の駆動を停止し、循環する液体水素に磁場を印加するのを停止する。超電導コイル２が充電されると、超電導コイル２が発生する磁場により、貯留槽４内に貯留されている液体水素は、オルト水素の多い状態に維持される。このため、磁場発生装置７の駆動を停止することにより、超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置１のエネルギー効率を向上させることができる。   Next, the superconducting magnetic energy storage device 1 performs a charging operation. In the charging operation, a switch circuit (not shown) forms a closed loop including the superconducting coil 2 by short-circuiting both ends of the superconducting coil 2 when a direct current flows through the superconducting coil 2. Thereby, a direct current flows through the closed loop including the superconducting coil 2 and the superconducting coil 2 is charged. Since the liquid hydrogen stored in the storage tank 4 is maintained in a state where there is a lot of ortho hydrogen, this charging operation can suppress the para-ortho conversion from para-hydrogen to ortho-hydrogen. For this reason, the energy loss by the endothermic reaction of para-ortho conversion is reduced. When the superconducting coil 2 is charged, the controller 8 stops driving the magnetic field generator 7 and stops applying a magnetic field to the circulating liquid hydrogen. When the superconducting coil 2 is charged, the liquid hydrogen stored in the storage tank 4 is maintained in a state in which there is a lot of ortho hydrogen by the magnetic field generated by the superconducting coil 2. For this reason, the energy efficiency of the superconducting magnetic energy storage device 1 can be improved by stopping the driving of the magnetic field generator 7.

その後、上記の放電動作と充電動作が繰り返されるが、貯留槽４内に貯留されている液体水素がオルト水素の多い状態に維持されているので、オルト・パラ転換の発熱反応とパラ・オルト転換の吸熱反応の双方が抑えられる。このように、超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置１では、超電導コイル２の充放電が繰り返されても、エネルギー損失の増大が抑えられるとともに、ボイルオフガスの発生が抑えられる。   Thereafter, the discharging operation and the charging operation are repeated. However, since the liquid hydrogen stored in the storage tank 4 is maintained in a state where there is a lot of ortho hydrogen, the exothermic reaction of the ortho-para conversion and the para-ortho conversion are performed. Both endothermic reactions are suppressed. As described above, in the superconducting magnetic energy storage device 1, even when charging / discharging of the superconducting coil 2 is repeated, an increase in energy loss is suppressed and generation of boil-off gas is suppressed.

以上、本発明の具体例を詳細に説明したが、これらは例示に過ぎず、特許請求の範囲を限定するものではない。特許請求の範囲に記載の技術には、以上に例示した具体例を様々に変形、変更したものが含まれる。また、本明細書または図面に説明した技術要素は、単独であるいは各種の組合せによって技術的有用性を発揮するものであり、出願時請求項記載の組合せに限定されるものではない。また、本明細書または図面に例示した技術は複数目的を同時に達成し得るものであり、そのうちの一つの目的を達成すること自体で技術的有用性を持つものである。   Specific examples of the present invention have been described in detail above, but these are merely examples and do not limit the scope of the claims. The technology described in the claims includes various modifications and changes of the specific examples illustrated above. The technical elements described in this specification or the drawings exhibit technical usefulness alone or in various combinations, and are not limited to the combinations described in the claims at the time of filing. In addition, the technology exemplified in this specification or the drawings can achieve a plurality of objects at the same time, and has technical usefulness by achieving one of the objects.

１：超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置
２：超電導コイル
４：貯留槽
６：循環装置
７：磁場発生装置
８：制御装置 1: Superconducting magnetic energy storage device 2: Superconducting coil 4: Reservoir 6: Circulation device 7: Magnetic field generator 8: Control device

Claims (4)

超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置であって、
磁気エネルギーを貯蔵する超電導コイルと、
前記超電導コイルを収容するとともに液体水素を貯留する貯留槽と、
前記液体水素をオルト水素の多い状態に維持するオルト水素維持手段と、を備える超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置。 A superconducting magnetic energy storage device,
A superconducting coil for storing magnetic energy;
A storage tank for storing the superconducting coil and storing liquid hydrogen;
A superconducting magnetic energy storage device comprising: ortho hydrogen maintaining means for maintaining the liquid hydrogen in a state in which the amount of ortho hydrogen is high. 前記オルト水素維持手段は、
前記貯留槽から前記液体水素を引き出して前記貯留槽に前記液体水素を戻すように構成されている循環装置と、
前記循環装置によって前記貯留槽から引き出された前記液体水素に磁場を印加するように構成されている磁場発生装置と、を有する、請求項１に記載の超電導エネルギー貯蔵装置。 The ortho hydrogen maintaining means includes
A circulation device configured to draw the liquid hydrogen from the storage tank and return the liquid hydrogen to the storage tank;
The superconducting energy storage device according to claim 1, further comprising: a magnetic field generator configured to apply a magnetic field to the liquid hydrogen drawn from the storage tank by the circulation device. 前記磁場発生装置は、前記超電導コイルが放電している期間において、磁場を印加するように制御される、請求項２に記載の超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置。   The superconducting magnetic energy storage device according to claim 2, wherein the magnetic field generator is controlled to apply a magnetic field during a period in which the superconducting coil is discharged. 前記磁場発生装置は、前記超電導コイルが充電しているときの少なくとも一部の期間において、磁場の印加を停止するように制御される、請求項２又は３に記載の超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置。   4. The superconducting magnetic energy storage device according to claim 2, wherein the magnetic field generation device is controlled to stop application of a magnetic field during at least a part of a period when the superconducting coil is charged. 5.
JP2016207254A 2016-10-21 2016-10-21 Superconducting magnetic energy storage device Active JP6812747B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016207254A JP6812747B2 (en) 2016-10-21 2016-10-21 Superconducting magnetic energy storage device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016207254A JP6812747B2 (en) 2016-10-21 2016-10-21 Superconducting magnetic energy storage device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2018068089A true JP2018068089A (en) 2018-04-26
JP6812747B2 JP6812747B2 (en) 2021-01-13

Family

ID=62087423

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2016207254A Active JP6812747B2 (en) 2016-10-21 2016-10-21 Superconducting magnetic energy storage device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP6812747B2 (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005057930A (en) * 2003-08-06 2005-03-03 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Motor-cooling structure of superconducting-motor automobile
JP2006009917A (en) * 2004-06-25 2006-01-12 Railway Technical Res Inst Apparatus for storing liquid hydrogen
JP2010043708A (en) * 2008-08-13 2010-02-25 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Regional energy supply system
JP2015119064A (en) * 2013-12-19 2015-06-25 大学共同利用機関法人 高エネルギー加速器研究機構 Heat conductive plate

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005057930A (en) * 2003-08-06 2005-03-03 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Motor-cooling structure of superconducting-motor automobile
JP2006009917A (en) * 2004-06-25 2006-01-12 Railway Technical Res Inst Apparatus for storing liquid hydrogen
JP2010043708A (en) * 2008-08-13 2010-02-25 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Regional energy supply system
JP2015119064A (en) * 2013-12-19 2015-06-25 大学共同利用機関法人 高エネルギー加速器研究機構 Heat conductive plate

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
濱島高太郎 他: "新エネルギーシステム構築のための液体水素冷却MgB2超伝導線を用いた電力変換システムの研究開発", 低温工学, vol. 49巻11号, JPN6020031221, 25 November 2014 (2014-11-25), JP, pages 566 - 575, ISSN: 0004330532 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP6812747B2 (en) 2021-01-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Vulusala G et al. Application of superconducting magnetic energy storage in electrical power and energy systems: a review
Maharjan et al. A transformerless energy storage system based on a cascade multilevel PWM converter with star configuration
Bose Global energy scenario and impact of power electronics in 21st century
Zhaoxia et al. Coordinated control of a hybrid-electric-ferry shipboard microgrid
CN107848428A (en) It is used for the drive system and method for driving the propeller of means of transport in the case where using sub-cooled
CN102723765A (en) Circuits for DC energy stores
CN107317391A (en) Uninterruptible power system
Lin et al. A high-performance online uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system based on multitask decomposition
Padimiti et al. Superconducting magnetic energy storage system (SMES) for improved dynamic system performance
JP2015015887A (en) Multilevel inverter
Morandi et al. Feasibility of superconducting magnetic energy storage on board of ground vehicles with present state-of-the-art superconductors
WO2013026235A1 (en) Power supply system and control device thereof
Guan et al. Comparison of electromagnetic performance of 10-MW superconducting generators with different topologies for offshore direct-drive wind turbines
Nomura et al. Feasibility study on large scale SMES for daily load leveling using force-balanced helical coils
JP6812747B2 (en) Superconducting magnetic energy storage device
Chen et al. Optimization of SMES-battery hybrid energy storage system for wind power smoothing
EP3648123B1 (en) Dual winding superconducting magnetic energy storage
Makida et al. Design of SMES system with liquid hydrogen for emergency purpose
JP7258549B2 (en) Hybrid superconducting magnetic device
Safsouf et al. Power sharing algorithm for a dual inverter fed open-end winding induction motor in HEVs
Gautam et al. Performance investigation of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) drive supplied from hybrid sources
KR20130095581A (en) Superconducting wind turbine generator having cryo-cooling system operating by self-generated power
Nerowski et al. Advances and prospects of HTS rotating machine development at Siemens
JPS6270918A (en) Operating method for fuel cell power generating system
Choudhary et al. Stabilization of synchronous generator based PV and wind farm system using SMES

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20191002

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20200817

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20200825

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20200925

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20201117

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20201130

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 6812747

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150