JP2018059336A - Surface layer collapse prevention mat, surface layer collapse prevention combined greening structure and surface layer collapse prevention combined greening method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a surface layer collapse prevention mat capable of simultaneously achieving greening of a slope face and prevention of surface layer collapse while power saving for construction, and a greening structure combined with surface layer collapse prevention and a greening method combined with surface layer collapse prevention.SOLUTION: The surface layer collapse prevention mat includes: a vegetation mat 3 to be laid on the ground; and a cylindrical body 4 constituted of a woven fabric which has a mesh size that allows water to pass therethrough but not allows cement particles to pass therethrough, and which is to be disposed in an upper part of the vegetation mat 3. The cylindrical body 4 contains at least cement in an internal space, and end portion thereof is sealed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to, for example, a surface collapse preventing mat, a surface collapse preventing combined use greening structure, and a surface layer preventing combined use greening method capable of simultaneously achieving greening of a slope and prevention of surface layer collapse.

  As a conventional slope reinforcement method, vegetation mat work (see Patent Document 1) that prevents erosion of the slope surface layer (layers with a depth of 0m to 2m) due to vegetation, and prevention of collapse of the slope surface layer are possible On-site spraying frame work (see Patent Document 2) is known.

JP 2002-121739 A JP 2004-197553 A

  The vegetation mat work that lays the vegetation mat on the slope is superior in that it can be performed relatively easily, and is often used for the purpose of preventing erosion of the slope surface due to weathering or the like. However, the vegetation that lays a vegetation mat that cannot be expected to exhibit the structural function that can also prevent the collapse on a low stability slope that is not limited to the erosion of the surface layer It is difficult to apply mat work.

  On the other hand, on-site spraying formwork, in which mortar / concrete is sprayed onto the formwork installed on the slope to form a formwork, can prevent the slope surface from collapsing, but it takes time to install the formwork. There is a problem that construction becomes large-scale.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned matters, and its purpose is to provide a mat for preventing surface layer collapse that can simultaneously achieve greening of the slope and prevention of surface layer collapse while also achieving labor saving of construction. An object of the present invention is to provide a greening structure for preventing surface layer collapse and a greening method for preventing surface layer collapse.

  In order to achieve the above object, the mat for preventing surface collapse according to the present invention is equipped with a cylindrical body composed of a woven fabric having a texture that allows water to pass and cement particles not to pass through on one side of the vegetation mat. (Claim 1).

  In the surface layer collapse prevention mat, the cylindrical body has at least a flow path portion for circulating cement and a through hole through which an anchor pin can pass, and the through hole avoids the flow path portion. It may be provided in the position (Claim 2).

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a surface layer collapse preventing and revegetation structure according to the present invention includes a vegetation mat laid on the ground and an upper side of the vegetation mat that allows water to pass therethrough and prevents cement particles from passing therethrough. A cylindrical body constituted by a woven fabric having a mating structure, and the cylindrical body is closed at an end, and at least cement is accommodated in the internal space (claim 3).

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the surface layer collapse prevention and revegetation method according to the present invention is arranged on the upper side of a vegetation mat laid on the ground, and uses a woven fabric having a texture that allows water to pass but does not allow cement particles to pass. At least cement is accommodated in the constituted cylindrical body (claim 4).

  In the invention of the present application, the mat for surface collapse prevention that can achieve the labor saving of construction while simultaneously achieving the greening of the slope and the prevention of the surface layer collapse, the surface layer collapse preventing combined use greening structure, and the surface layer collapse preventing combined use greening method Is obtained.

  That is, in the invention according to each claim of the present application, the surface layer collapsing prevention mat, the surface layer collapsing prevention greening structure and the surface layer collapsing prevention tree planting method, the vegetation mat exhibits a greening function of the slope, and the cement is formed in the internal space. By using the cylindrical body containing, a surface layer collapse preventing and greening structure that exhibits a structural function necessary for preventing the collapse of the surface layer of the slope can be obtained.

  Moreover, in the conventional field spray method frame work, a great deal of labor is required for the installation of the formwork, etc., but the above-mentioned planting structure for preventing the collapse of the surface layer that does not require the installation of the formwork can be easily constructed.

  In the surface layer collapse prevention mat of the invention according to claim 2, for example, when the surface layer collapse prevention mat is installed on the slope, an anchor pin is placed in the through hole of the cylindrical body. When the portion is filled with cement, it is possible to prevent the flow path portion from being largely loosened to the valley side due to the weight of the cement.

  Further, in the surface layer collapse preventing and greening method of the invention according to claim 4, since only excess water can be discharged from each cylindrical body containing cement and water, the present structure constructed after the cement is solidified As for cement until filling (accommodating) into the cylindrical body, at least water and cement are included, and the form of a cement fluid with an increased water-cement ratio can be used. It is possible to shorten the construction time by increasing the fluidity and increasing the filling speed of the cement fluid into the cylindrical body.

It is a perspective view which shows roughly the structure of the surface layer collapse prevention combined use greening structure constructed | assembled by the surface layer collapse prevention combined use greening method which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows roughly the structure of the said surface layer collapse prevention combined use greening structure. (A) And (B) is the perspective view and top view which show schematically the structure of the mat for surface layer collapse prevention which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of the said surface layer collapse prevention combined use greening method. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other modification of the said surface layer collapse prevention combined use tree planting method. (A) And (B) is explanatory drawing which shows the suitable example and modification of the said mat for surface layer collapse prevention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a surface layer collapse prevention mat (hereinafter referred to as the present mat) 1 according to the present embodiment has a surface layer collapse prevention combined greening structure (hereinafter referred to as the present structure) 2 on a slope N. It is used in the construction of the planting method for preventing surface layer collapse (hereinafter referred to as the present construction method). As shown in FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (B), the vegetation mat 3 and water are allowed to pass, and the cement particles are passed. And a tubular body 4 that is formed of a woven fabric having a texture that is not allowed to be attached and is attached to one side of the vegetation mat 3.

  The vegetation mat 3 is formed by polymerizing a vegetation sheet on the lower surface of the net, and is configured to have a rectangular shape with a length of 2 m and a width of 1 m in plan view, for example.

  Here, as the material of the net, when it is necessary to turn into soil with the passage of time, use natural fibers or fibers of biodegradable plastics to secure the effect of preventing surface soil flow and erosion semipermanently. In such a case, fibers such as polyethylene and nylon may be used.

  In addition, the vegetation sheet is obtained by supporting a vegetation base material such as vegetation seeds, fertilizer, and soil improvement material on a thin cotton sheet such as sufu. The thin cotton-like sheet is preferably a sheet-like thin cotton (not a cotton, but a thin cotton-like one), but it may be a non-woven fabric or paper. This thin cotton-like sheet has a strength that does not hinder the sprouting and rooting of plants, and its average thickness is set to 0.1 to 10 mm, preferably 0.5 to 5 mm, thereby preventing erosion. While having a function, the plant can be easily rooted on the ground.

  Then, the net and the vegetation sheet are integrated in a laminated state to constitute the vegetation mat 3, and the integration may be performed, for example, by entwining the fibers of the thin cotton-like sheet of the vegetation sheet to the net. The net and the vegetation sheet may be bonded together with a small amount of water-soluble adhesive, or both means may be used in combination. As a method of entwining the fibers of the thin cotton-like sheet to the net, a method of causing the fibers of the thin cotton-like sheet to be entangled with the net by pressing between the rollers in a state where the net and the vegetation sheet are laminated, or the thin cotton-like sheet side It is conceivable to blow the fibers of the thin cotton sheet on the net side and entangle it with the net by blowing air from the net or sucking air from the net side.

  The cylindrical body 4 has a longitudinal flow path portion 5 extending in the longitudinal direction of the vegetation mat 3 as a flow path portion for circulating the cement fluid, and toward the left and right in a state communicating with the longitudinal flow path portion 5. (Or in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal flow path section 5) and a lateral flow path section 6 extending. Moreover, the cylindrical body 4 has an overhanging portion 7 that protrudes from the edge of the horizontal flow path portion 6, and the overhanging portion 7 is provided with a through hole 8 through which an anchor pin (not shown) can pass. That is, the through hole 8 is provided at a position avoiding the flow path portions 5 and 6 in plan view.

  The woven fabric constituting the cylindrical body 4 uses carbon fiber or other fibers having a high tensile strength, and the cement particle diameter is 20 μm, whereas the grain size is approximately 0.001 μm (1 nm) (cement grain It is preferable to use a woven fabric having a mesh size of about 1/20000 of the diameter.

  And attachment of the cylindrical body 4 with respect to the single side | surface of the vegetation mat 3 can be performed by crimping | compression-bonding, a stitch | suture, the connection by an appropriate member, etc., for example, this mat 1 after formation is the state packed in roll shape, for example It can be transported by.

  Next, the construction method using the mat 1 will be described.

  (1) First, a plurality of main mats 1 are laid out on a slope N whose surface has been leveled in advance.

  At this time, the book mats 1 are arranged so that the horizontal flow path portions 6 are along the contour lines, and the book mats 1 are fixed to the slope N by a fixing member such as an anchor pin. The mat 1 can be laid on the slope N by using human power or a tow truck.

  (2) Subsequently, the anchor pins (not shown) are connected so that the end portions of the flow path portions 5 and 6 of the cylindrical body 4 of the adjacent mat 1 are connected to each other and penetrate the through hole 8 of the cylindrical body 4. (See FIG. 3).

  Here, the end portions of the flow passage portions 5 and 6 of the cylindrical body 4 can be connected to each other in a state where one of the end portions is inserted into the other, or an appropriate connecting tube (for example, a vinyl chloride tube). However, in any case, it is desirable to prevent the cement fluid that will flow through the cylindrical body 4 in a later step from leaking out from the connecting portion.

  In addition, when the anchor pin is placed in the through hole 8, when the lateral flow path portion 6 is filled with the cement fluid in the subsequent process, the lateral flow path portion 6 is largely loosened to the valley side due to the weight of the cement fluid. It is only necessary to place anchor pins within a range where it is desired to prevent this loosening, and it is not always necessary to place anchor pins in all the through holes 8.

  (3) Of the end portions of the flow passage portions 5 and 6 of the cylindrical body 4 of each book mat 1, the end portions that are not connected to the tubular body 4 of the other book mat 1 are closed, and at this time, toward the mountain side. At least one end that opens is left unblocked.

  The end portions of the flow path portions 5 and 6 can be closed by, for example, suturing, crimping, or binding using an appropriate member or device. In addition, this blockage may be performed at the site, or the above-described blockage operation is performed at the site by arranging the mat 1 in which specific end portions of the flow path portions 5 and 6 are previously blocked as necessary. You may make it save the effort which performs.

  In addition, in this embodiment, it is only the main mat 1 located in the outer peripheral part (outermost part) among the plurality of the main mats 1 arranged to have the flow path portions 5 and 6 whose end portions are closed. .

  (4) In (3) above, the cement fluid is poured from the end portions of the flow path portions 5 and 6 left without being blocked, and filled into the respective cylindrical bodies 4.

  Cement fluid is easy to adjust to the unevenness of slope N, W / C 100% or more, a flow fluid of about 1000 mm, and a highly fluid cement milk (consisting of water and cement and optionally a cement admixture) or Mortar (containing at least water, cement and fine aggregate). And in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the cement milk as a cement fluid produced | generated by mixing water and cement is a pump for pumping (for example, mortar pumping which has the discharge capability of 30L or more per minute). For example, the inside of the hose 11 is pumped by the pump 10 and is filled into the cylindrical body 4 from the nozzle 12 at the tip of the hose 11.

  (5) Waiting for the excess water to be automatically discharged to some extent by gravity from each cylindrical body 4 containing the cement fluid (the cylindrical body 4 is reduced), the cement fluid is again cylindrical. The procedure of filling the body 4 is repeated until each cylindrical body 4 is not reduced.

  That is, as described above, the cylindrical body 4 is made of a woven fabric having a scale that allows water to pass but does not allow cement particles to pass through. Therefore, excess water is discharged from each cylindrical body 4 containing the cement fluid. However, the cement particles remain in the cylindrical body 4.

  Here, the cement component is strongly alkaline with a pH of 12.5, and in order to suppress the influence on the vegetation caused by the excess water discharged from the cylindrical body 4, it is preferable to neutralize it. For example, the neutralizing agent can be mixed with the cement fluid, supported on the cylindrical body 4, or sprayed on the slope N.

  (6) If the cement fluid accommodated in the internal space of each cylindrical body 4 is solidified, the structure 2 is built on the slope N (see FIG. 1). The construction method is completed.

  The structure 2 constructed by the construction method using the mat 1 exhibits a greening function of the slope N by the vegetation mat 3, and cement is contained in the internal space (the cement fluid is solidified in the internal space). The cylindrical body 4 exhibits the structure function necessary for preventing the collapse of the surface layer of the slope N.

  Further, in the present construction method in which only the surplus water can be discharged from each cylindrical body 4 containing the cement fluid, the strength of the present structure 2 constructed after the cement fluid is solidified can be prevented from being lowered, and thus increased in strength. Not only can be achieved, the water-cement ratio of the cement fluid up to filling (accommodating) in the cylindrical body 4 is increased to increase its fluidity, and the cylindrical fluid 4 is filled with the cement fluid. If the speed is increased, construction can be shortened.

  Moreover, in the conventional field spraying method frame work, a great deal of labor is required for the installation of the formwork, but in this method, the installation of such a formwork is unnecessary and the structure 2 can be easily constructed. .

Furthermore, in this construction method, the cement fluid remaining in the cylindrical body 4 after the discharge of excess water can be made to have a low water cement ratio with a W / C of 50% or less, and its four-week compressive strength is if so (18N / mm 2 in the conventional wet mortar ^spraying) to 30 N / mm having ² or more, which can also be used as a pressure receiving plate (pressure receiving plate) in the anchor Engineering (lock bolt Engineering or ground anchor Engineering) and Become. And when using this construction method and an anchor method together in this way, a construction period shortening drastically can be achieved rather than performing both separately.

  In general, it is considered that a frame having a continuous frame and expected to have bending rigidity has a certain degree of suppressing function against surface slip on the slope N. From this viewpoint, the structure 2 Since the frame formed by the cylindrical body 4 is continuous and can be expected to have bending rigidity, it also exhibits a function of suppressing surface slippage on the slope N.

  It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be variously modified and implemented without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the following examples can be given.

  The mat 1, the structure 2, and the construction method are not limited to the slope N, and may be used and constructed on a flat ground or the like.

  The vegetation mat 3 is not limited to one formed by polymerizing a vegetation sheet on the lower surface of the net, and may be, for example, a net or a thin sheet.

  A water reducing agent may be mixed in the cement fluid contained in the tubular body 4. Moreover, you may mix admixtures, such as an aramid fiber and a nano cellulose, with a cement fluid, and the tensile strength of the frame of this structure formed with the cylindrical body 4 improves dramatically in this case.

  The number, arrangement, thickness, and interval (pitch) of the vertical flow path portions 5 and the horizontal flow path portions 6 provided in the cylindrical body 4 can be variously changed. By changing these elements, the degree of erosion prevention of the surface layer (Corresponding depth) changes. Further, for example, the horizontal flow path portion 6 may not be provided, and the cylindrical body 4 may have only the vertical flow path portion 5. In this case, the vertical flow path portion 5 may have a zigzag shape or the like. Moreover, if the shape of the cylindrical body 4 is appropriately modified, it can be easily used in various civil engineering and building fields such as retaining walls and earth retaining dams.

  A concrete containing at least water, cement, and coarse aggregate may be used as the cement fluid. Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the cement accommodated in the cylindrical body 4 is made into the form of the cement fluid containing at least water and cement, it is not restricted to this, When accommodating in the cylindrical body 4 For example, dry powder cement, dry mortar (a mixture of granular sand, vermiculite, pearlite (pumice), etc.) and granular cement. You may make it harden a cement by natural water absorption and moisture absorption by watering or raining etc. to the cylindrical body 4 later.

  In this method, in the above steps (4) and (5), an operation of repeatedly filling the cylindrical body 4 with the cement fluid is performed. To save such trouble, for example, as shown in FIG. In addition, in (3) above, for example, a cylindrical storage part 13 made of a water-impermeable material is connected to the ends of the flow path parts 5 and 6 left without being blocked, After the cement fluid is spread over the entire cylindrical body 4, the cement fluid is stored in the storage section 13, and the cylinders are transferred from the storage section 13 according to the reduction (discharge of excess water) of each cylindrical body 4. The cement fluid may be supplied to the body 4, and in this way, the number of times of the cement fluid filling operation can be reduced, and therefore only once.

  In the above embodiment, in order to arrange the horizontal flow path portion 6 along the contour line as shown in FIG. 3, in the example shown in FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (B), the horizontal flow path portion 6 is replaced with the vertical flow path portion. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the lateral flow path portion 6 is valley-side by an angle θ from the direction along the contour line (the direction perpendicular to the vertical flow path portion 5). In this case, it is possible to more easily fill the lateral flow path portion 6 with cement (cement fluid). The angle θ is preferably around 0 to 45 degrees. When the angle θ is less than 0 degrees and the horizontal flow path portion 6 is inclined toward the mountain side, it becomes difficult to fill the lateral flow path portion 6 with cement. When the angle θ is greater than 45 degrees, the cross flow path portion 6 is directed toward the valley side. Slope is steep, and sedimentation and small tumbling stones can be prevented by the horizontal channel part 6 This is because the vegetation base thus formed is formed in a step shape, and the effect of facilitating the growth of the plant in the step is greatly impaired.

  In the example shown in FIG. 1, cement milk (cement fluid) is poured into the cylindrical body 4 using the pump 10 for pumping. However, the present invention is not limited to this, for example, cement milk (cement milk) on the mountain side of the cylindrical body 4. A fluid) may be created, and cement milk may be poured into the cylindrical body 4 by its own weight.

  The cylindrical body 4 in the above embodiment may have a single structure by woven cloth, but as shown in FIG. 6A, it has a double or more multiple structure (triple structure in the illustrated example). In this case, the inner woven fabric 14 swells with the expansion of the cement fluid, etc., and the texture tends to expand, but the outer woven fabric 14 is less susceptible to such influences. In addition, the pressure is dispersed, and the scale of the entire cylindrical body 4 does not increase, and only excess water can be more reliably removed from the scale of the cylindrical body 4. Further, even when there is a protrusion on the slope N or the like, since the possibility that the outer woven fabric 14 is damaged by the protrusion is low to the inner woven fabric 14 is also low. As a whole, it becomes difficult to break. In FIG. 6 (A), a woven fabric 14 that is layered three times and a woven fabric 14 that is layered three times separately are stacked on the front and back, and the stacked end portions are stitched together to form a tubular shape. An example of forming the body 4 is shown.

  In the cylindrical body 4 in the above embodiment, a linear core material (not shown) such as a PC steel wire or a net-like core material 15 (see FIG. 6B) is provided to improve strength. You may make it show. FIG. 6B shows an example in which the net-like core material 15 is sandwiched between the ends of the woven fabric 14 that are layered three times as in the example shown in FIG. 6A. .

  A reinforcing material such as steel fiber may be mixed into the cement fluid to obtain the effect of improving the strength of the cylindrical body 4 after curing. Moreover, you may make it the crack prevention effect of the cylinder 4 after hardening by mix | blending a hardening retarder with a cement fluid, and lowering | curing speed.

  In the above embodiment, the anchor pin is driven in the through hole 8 provided in the overhanging portion 7 of the cylindrical body 4. Instead of this configuration, or in addition to this configuration, the overhanging portion 7 is not used. An anchor pin may be placed on the main body of the tubular body 4. In this case, if the anchor pin is directly placed on the main body of the tubular body 4 after the cement fluid is accommodated and the excess water is discharged to some extent and the cement fluid is completely solidified, It can be easily performed without receiving a large resistance from the cement fluid, and after the cement fluid in the cylindrical body 4 is solidified, the cylindrical body 4 and the anchor pin are firmly integrated. Further, the inventors have confirmed that leakage of cement fluid from the cylindrical body 4 can be prevented even when such anchor pins are placed.

  Needless to say, the modification examples given in the present specification may be appropriately combined.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Surface layer collapse prevention mat 2 Surface layer collapse prevention combined use greening structure 3 Vegetation mat 4 Cylindrical body 5 Vertical flow path part 6 Horizontal flow path part 7 Overhang part 8 Through hole 9 Connecting pipe 10 Pump for pump 11 Hose 12 Nozzle 13 Storage Part 14 Woven cloth 15 Mesh core N Slope

Claims (4)

  A mat for preventing surface layer collapse, comprising a cylindrical body made of a woven fabric having a texture that allows water to pass through and cement particles not to pass through on one side of the vegetation mat.   The cylindrical body has at least a flow channel portion for circulating cement and a through hole through which an anchor pin can pass, and the through hole is provided at a position avoiding the flow channel portion. Item 2. A mat for preventing a surface layer collapse according to Item 1.   A vegetation mat laid on the ground; and a tubular body that is disposed on the upper side of the vegetation mat and that is configured by a woven fabric having a texture that allows water to pass but does not allow cement particles to pass therethrough. Is a greening structure for preventing the collapse of a surface layer, characterized in that the end is closed and at least cement is contained in the internal space. Surface disintegration prevention characterized in that at least cement is accommodated in a cylindrical body made of a woven fabric which is arranged above the vegetation mat laid on the ground and has a texture that allows water to pass but does not allow cement particles to pass. Combined greening method.

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