JP2008297780A - Slope stabilizing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a slope stabilizing method which is positively available for stabilizing slopes of every type. <P>SOLUTION: According to the slope stabilizing method, a three-dimensional structure X1 having a cavity therein is laid on the slope, and an infilling material S is fed into the cavity of the structure X1, to thereby stabilize the slope. The infilling material S is air-conveyed through a flexible conveyor hose 72. Air-conveyance of the infilling material S is carried out together with a lubricant C by using an autoclave 71 to which compressed air A is fed, and which ejects the compressed air A together with the infilling material S. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for stabilizing a slope such as a natural slope or a cutting slope.

Concrete blocks and masonry are methods for stabilizing slopes such as river revetment slopes, dam tan (湛) water slopes, and road slopes. However, these methods require a lot of work and are heavy on the workers. Therefore, at present, the mainstream method is to lay a car body on the slope and supply filling materials such as cobblestones and chestnuts into the car body with a backhoe. Further, in this construction method, the plant body may be prospered by covering the car body supplied with the filling material with the covering soil in which the plant is planted. Specifically, for example, “a sheet for preventing sediment absorption is formed at the bottom of a porous mat having continuous voids to form an upper lid of a two-layer structure, and a zinc / aluminum alloy plated iron wire having excellent corrosion resistance” A cage-like wire mesh with a high strength is filled with chestnut or crushed stone, and the upper lid is connected to the cage-like wire mesh to form an ecosystem conservation structure for vegetation. Covering this ecosystem conservation structure for vegetation with cover soil, entangle the roots of plants etc. planted in the cover soil with the porous mat and penetrate into the sheet for preventing sediment absorption There is a “revetment method” (for example, see Patent Document 1).
However, in these construction methods, it is necessary to supply the filling material into the car body with the backhoe, so that a space for operating the backhoe is required for the shoulder and the bottom of the method. Therefore, when the slope is a narrow area such as a dam tan (湛) water slope, for example, it is almost impossible to implement the method.
In this regard, there is a document that states that the filling material is supplied into the car body not by a backhoe but by air conveyance (see, for example, Patent Document 2). However, in this document, it is not clarified how air filling material for filling such as chestnut and crushed stone is conveyed. Moreover, although the said literature sets the particle size of the filling material suitable for air conveyance to 15-25 mm, it does not become able to carry out air conveyance reliably only by making a particle size 25 mm or less. In such a medium packing material having a small particle size, there is a possibility that the laid car body will flow out.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-81326 JP-A-53-73808

  The main problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a slope stabilization method that can be reliably implemented on any slope.

The present invention that has solved this problem is as follows.
[Invention of Claim 1]
In order to stabilize the slope by laying a three-dimensional structure having a gap inside on the slope and supplying a filling material to the gap in the structure,
The filling material is a method of conveying the inside of the flexible conveying hose by air,
Air transportation of the filling material is performed with a lubricant using a pressure cooker that is supplied with compressed air and discharges compressed air together with the filling material.
Slope stabilization method characterized by that.

(Main effects)
○ Since the filling material is pneumatically conveyed through the flexible conveyance hose, there is no need for a space for operating the backhoe on the shoulders and butt, and it can be implemented on any slope.
○ Since the compressed air is supplied to the filling material using a pressure cooker that discharges the compressed air together with the filling material, the filling material can be actually conveyed.
○ Since the air transportation of the filling material is performed with the lubricant using the pressure cooker, the friction resistance between the filling materials and the friction resistance between the filling material and the conveying hose are reduced, and the filling material has a particle size of 25 mm. It can be reliably conveyed regardless of whether or not.

[Invention of Claim 2]
In order to stabilize the slope by laying a three-dimensional structure having a gap inside on the slope and supplying a filling material to the gap in the structure,
The filling material is a method of conveying the inside of the flexible conveying hose by air,
Air transportation of the filling material is performed together with a lubricant using an ejector to which compressed air is supplied.
Slope stabilization method characterized by that.

(Main effects)
○ Since the filling material is pneumatically conveyed through the flexible conveyance hose, there is no need for a space for operating the backhoe on the shoulders and butt, and it can be implemented on any slope.
○ Since the air transportation of the filling material is performed using an ejector to which compressed air is supplied, the filling material can be actually conveyed.
○ Since the air transport of the filling material is performed with the lubricant using the ejector, the friction resistance between the filling materials and the friction resistance between the filling material and the conveying hose are reduced, and the filling material has a particle size of 25 mm. It can be reliably transported regardless of whether or not it exceeds.

[Invention of Claim 3]
In order to stabilize the slope by laying a three-dimensional structure having a gap inside on the slope and supplying a filling material to the gap in the structure,
The filling material is a method of conveying the inside of the flexible conveying hose by air,
A pressure pot that is provided at the base end portion of the transfer hose for air transfer of the filling material, and discharges compressed air together with the filling material, and a predetermined portion between the pressure hook and the tip end portion of the transfer hose. Using the ejector included in the apparatus and means for supplying compressed air to the pressure cooker and the ejector.
Slope stabilization method characterized by that.

(Main effects)
○ Since the filling material is pneumatically conveyed through the flexible conveyance hose, there is no need for a space for operating the backhoe on the shoulders and butt, and it can be implemented on any slope.
○ Air supply of the filling material is provided at the base end of the transfer hose, and the pressure cooker that discharges compressed air together with the filling material, and a predetermined portion between the pressure cooker and the tip of the transfer hose. Since it is performed using the provided ejector and means for supplying compressed air to the pressure cooker and the ejector, the filling material can be actually conveyed.
○ Since the air transportation of the filling material is performed with the lubricant using the pressure cooker, ejector and compressed air supply means, the friction resistance between the filling materials and the friction resistance between the filling material and the conveyance hose are reduced. Regardless of whether the filling material has a particle size exceeding 25 mm, it can be reliably conveyed.
○ In particular, since the ejector is provided in a predetermined part between the pressure cooker and the tip of the transfer hose, for example, the predetermined part is set as a part where the air transfer force by the pressure cooker is reduced. This can be applied even when the construction surface is wide.

[Invention of Claim 4]
As the filling material, those having a maximum particle size of 30-60 mm,
And the stabilization method of the slope of Claim 2 or Claim 3 which uses the suction side diameter of 7.62 to 20.32 mm and the discharge side diameter of 7.62 to 20.32 mm as the ejector.

(Main effects)
○ Since a material having a maximum particle size of 30 mm or more is used as the filling material, the possibility of flowing out from the laid three-dimensional structure is reduced.
○ Since a material having a maximum particle size of 60 mm or less is used as the filling material, there is no need to use an extremely large diameter transport hose, and the workability is excellent.
○ Even when using a medium filling material having a maximum particle size of 30 to 60 mm, the ejector has a suction side diameter of 7.62 to 20.32 mm (3 to 8 inches) and a discharge side diameter of 7.62 to 20.32 mm. If a thing (3-8 inches) is used, the said filling material can be pneumatically conveyed reliably.
The inventors of the present invention have used a crushed stone having a maximum particle size of 30 to 60 mm and a slope separated by 50 m using an ejector having a suction side diameter of 20.32 mm (8 inches) and a discharge side diameter of 20.32 mm (8 inches). It has been confirmed that it can be transported smoothly to the top.

[Invention of Claim 5]
The slope stabilization method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the lubricant is supplied into the transport hose through a supply hose connected to the transport hose.

(Main effects)
○ Since the lubricant is supplied into the transport hose through the supply hose connected to the transport hose, it does not take time to supply the lubricant.

[Invention of Claim 6]
The slope stabilization method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein air transportation of the filling material is performed together with the lubricant by spraying the lubricant on the filling material.

(Main effects)
○ If the lubricant is sprayed on the filling material, the surface of the filling material is more reliably covered with the lubricant, so the friction resistance between the filling materials and the friction resistance between the filling material and the transport hose are further reduced. The

[Invention of Claim 7]
The slope stabilization method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a foamed surfactant is used as the lubricant.

(Main effects)
○ When a foamed surfactant is used as the lubricant, the friction resistance between the filling materials and the friction resistance between the filling material and the transport hose are further reduced.
The present inventors discharged No. 2 crushed stone (particle size: 40-60 mm), a conveying hose with an inner diameter of 20.32 mm (8 inches), and a suction side diameter of 15.24 mm (6 inches) with which the conveying hose is provided. Using an ejector with a side diameter of 20.32 mm (8 inches) (compressed air supplied by a 190-horsepower compressor), a cage made of a wire mesh (size: 0.375 m ³⁾ installed on a slope 50 meters away. 500 × 500 × 1500 mm). The time until the filling material is filled in the car body was 3 minutes 50 seconds when no lubricant was used, whereas it was 3 minutes 10 seconds when a lubricant made of a synthetic surfactant was used. there were.

[Invention of Claim 8]
The slope stabilization method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the amount of lubricant transported is 1 to 5 mass% of the amount of filling material.

(Main effects)
○ When the amount of lubricant transported is 1% by mass or more of the amount transported of the filling material, the effect of reducing the friction resistance between the filling materials and the friction resistance between the filling material and the transport hose can be obtained with certainty.
○ When the transport amount of the lubricant is 5% by mass or less of the transport amount of the filling material, waste of the lubricant is prevented.

[Invention of Claim 9]
As the three-dimensional structure,
It has a substantially parallel upper bone that is continuous in the longitudinal direction on substantially the same upper plane located on the front side, and has a substantially parallel lower bone that is continuous in the longitudinal direction on substantially the same lower plane located on the back side. And the lower bone is located between the upper bones adjacent in plan view, and the extending direction is at least part of the relationship between the adjacent upper bone and the lower bone located therebetween In a number of positions, using a base body constructed by connecting the lower bone and the adjacent upper bone by a connecting bone,
The slope stabilization method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the filling material is supplied to the gap formed between the upper plane and the lower plane.

(Main effects)
○ As the three-dimensional structure, for example, a wire mesh cage, a gabion, a reinforcing bar rod, etc. can be exemplified, but “a substantially parallel upper bone connected in the longitudinal direction on substantially the same upper plane located on the surface side. And having substantially parallel lower bones in the longitudinal direction in substantially the same lower plane located on the back side, and the lower bone is located between the upper bones adjacent in a plan view, In at least a part of the relationship between the adjacent upper bones and the lower bones located between them, the connecting bones between the lower bones and the adjacent upper bones at multiple positions in the extending direction. It is preferable to use a “base body constituted by being connected”. When this base body is used, since the filling material falls by its own weight in the base body as will be described later, it becomes easy to supply the filling material.

  According to the present invention, it is a slope stabilization method that can be surely performed on any slope.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
[Conveyor 1]
As shown in FIG. 18, the transport device 70 </ b> X of this embodiment includes a flexible transport hose 72 having a nozzle 75 at the tip, and a compressed air supply means 78 such as a compressor, which is provided at the base end of the transport hose 72. Compressed air A is supplied through a regulator (regulator) 79, and the pressure hook 71 discharges the compressed air A together with the filling material S stored therein, and the lubricant supplies the lubricant C to the pressure pot 71. And a lubricant supply means 80 including a storage tank and a pump.

[Conveyor 2]
As shown in FIG. 19, the transfer device 70 </ b> Y according to the present embodiment includes a flexible transfer hose 72 having a nozzle 75 at the tip, and a compressed air supply unit 78 such as a compressor, which is provided at the base end of the transfer hose 72. The ejector 73 to which the compressed air A is supplied via the regulator (regulator) 79, and the filling material S is sucked into the transport hose 72 upstream of the ejector 73, and the lubricant is placed at an arbitrary position of the transport hose 72. And a lubricant supply means 80 including a lubricant storage tank for supplying C and a pump.

[Conveyor 3]
As shown in FIG. 20, the transport device 70 </ b> Z according to the present embodiment includes a flexible transport hose 72 having a nozzle 75 at the distal end portion, and a filling material stored in the base end portion of the transport hose 72. A pressure hook 71 for discharging the compressed air A together with S, an ejector 73 provided at a predetermined portion between the pressure hook 71 and the tip of the transport hose 72, and a regulator (regulator) 79 for the pressure hook 71 and the ejector 73. Compressed air supply means 78 such as a compressor for supplying the compressed air A via a lubricant, and a lubricant supply means 80 comprising a lubricant storage tank and a pump for supplying the lubricant C to the transport hose 72 between the ejector 73 and the pressure hook 71. And mainly.
In this embodiment, as the filling material S, chestnut, crushed stone, rock, gravel, artificial lightweight aggregate, pseudo aggregate, or the like can be used.
The hose diameter (inner diameter) of the transfer hose 72 is preferably 7.62 to 20.32 mm (3 to 8 inches). If the inner diameter exceeds 20.32 mm (8 inches), it is inconvenient to hold or move the transfer hose 72.
In general, if the conveying hose 72 has an inner diameter of 2.8 to 3.2 times the maximum particle size of the filling material S, the filling material S can be reliably conveyed by air.
The material of the transport hose 72 is preferably a polyhose or a solflex hose (inner surface coating hose) from the viewpoint of the transportability of the filling material S and the ease of work by workers.
What is necessary is just to use a well-known thing as the ejector 73. FIG.
As the lubricant C, for example, water or the like can be used, but it is preferable to use a synthetic surfactant. As the synthetic surfactant, for example, an anionic surfactant (carboxylic acid, fatty acid, sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate), cationic surfactant (tetraalkylammonium), nonionic surfactant (polyethylene glycol) is used. Can do. In addition to the above, it is also preferable to use a resin soap-based lubricant. The above lubricant C is preferably supplied in the form of foam. Further, the lubricant C is preferably 1 to 5% of the mass of the filling material S. By transporting both the filling material S and the lubricant C through the transport hose 72, the friction resistance between the filling materials S and the friction resistance between the filling material S and the transport hose 72 are reduced. Transportability is improved.
The lubricant C can also be sprayed onto the filling material S.

[Base body structure]
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, an embodiment of a slope stabilization method / structure using a base body will be described first.
Embodiment 1
Prepare a base body that is a three-dimensional structure with bones with voids inside,
While laying the base body on the slope, providing a lower layer material containing a filling material (lump) in the gap, and creating a coating layer from above the base body,
Slope stabilization method characterized by that.
(Embodiment 2)
Prepare a base body that is a three-dimensional structure with bones with voids inside,
Laying the base body on the slope, and providing a lower layer material containing a filling material (block) in the gap,
Slope stabilization method characterized by that.
(Embodiment 3)
The slope stabilization method according to embodiment 2, wherein the surface side of the base body is covered with a net.
Embodiment 4
It has a substantially parallel upper bone that is continuous in the longitudinal direction on substantially the same upper plane located on the front side, and has a substantially parallel lower bone that is continuous in the longitudinal direction on substantially the same lower plane located on the back side. And the lower bone is located between the upper bones adjacent in plan view,
In at least a part of the relationship between the adjacent upper bones and the lower bones located between them, the connecting bones between the lower bones and the adjacent upper bones at multiple positions in the extending direction. Connect to form a base body,
The base body is laid on a slope, and a lower layer material including a filling material (lump) is provided between the upper plane and the lower plane, and a coating layer is created from above the base body.
Slope stabilization method characterized by that.
(Embodiment 5)
It has a substantially parallel upper bone that is continuous in the longitudinal direction on substantially the same upper plane located on the front side, and has a substantially parallel lower bone that is continuous in the longitudinal direction on substantially the same lower plane located on the back side. And the lower bone is located between the upper bones adjacent in plan view,
In at least a part of the relationship between the adjacent upper bones and the lower bones located between them, the connecting bones between the lower bones and the adjacent upper bones at multiple positions in the extending direction. Connect to form a base body,
Laying the base body on a slope, and providing a lower layer material including a filling material (lump) between the upper plane and the lower plane;
Slope stabilization method characterized by that.
(Embodiment 6)
The slope stabilization method according to embodiment 5, wherein the surface side of the base body is covered with a net.
(Embodiment 7)
In the arrangement form of the connecting bone that connects the adjacent upper bone and the lower bone between them in the base body, the first connecting portion to the lower bone in the upper bone and the following in plan view The slope stabilization method according to any one of Embodiments 4 to 6, wherein the lower bone has a connecting portion with the upper bone at an intermediate position in the longitudinal direction between the second connecting portion and the second connecting portion.
(Embodiment 8)
The base body according to any one of Embodiments 4 to 7, wherein the extending direction of the upper bone and the lower bone is laid in a direction intersecting with a slope direction connecting the bottom and shoulder of the slope. Slope stabilization method.
(Embodiment 9)
Using a plurality of the base bodies, the lower base body provided below the slope and the upper base body provided above the slope are arranged so that the extension direction of the upper bone and the lower bone is set to the butt and shoulder of the slope. The extending direction of the lower base body and the upper base body is laid with respect to a boundary line between the lower base body and the upper base body. The slope stabilization method according to any one of Embodiments 4 to 8, which is in an intersecting positional relationship.
(Embodiment 10)
The slope stabilization method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 9, wherein at least one of long fibers and short fibers is provided from above the base body so as to be entangled with the bone of the base body.
(Embodiment 11)
The slope stabilization method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 10, wherein the base body is laid in a line shape to ensure a non-laying area.
(Embodiment 12)
The slope stabilization method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 11, wherein a plurality of the base bodies are laid and the lower layer material is provided at least at the lowest position.
(Embodiment 13)
The slope stabilization method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 12, wherein a water-permeable sheet is laid between the base body and the base body.
(Embodiment 14)
The slope stabilization method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 13, wherein the coating layer is a base for vegetation.
(Embodiment 15)
The slope stabilization method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 14, wherein the base body is fixed to a natural ground by a fixing member.
(Embodiment 16)
A support member is placed over the plurality of lower bones, and fixing seats of the fixing member to be driven into a natural ground are arranged on the plurality of lower bones, and the support material and the fixing seat are integrally pressed to the natural ground side. The slope stabilization method according to the fifteenth embodiment.
(Embodiment 17)
Any one of Embodiments 1 to 16 in which the filling material (lump) is introduced from the upper end side of the base body, and the filling material is rolled out within the thickness of the base body by its own weight dropping force. The slope stabilization method described in the paragraph.
(Embodiment 18)
It has a substantially parallel upper bone that is continuous in the longitudinal direction on substantially the same upper plane located on the front side, and has a substantially parallel lower bone that is continuous in the longitudinal direction on substantially the same lower plane located on the back side. And the lower bone is located between the upper bones adjacent in plan view,
In at least a part of the relationship between the adjacent upper bones and the lower bones located between them, the connecting bones between the lower bones and the adjacent upper bones at multiple positions in the extending direction. Connect to form a base body,
The base body is laid on a slope, a lower layer material including a filling material (block) is provided between the upper plane and the lower plane, and a base is formed on the upper plane. Slope stabilization structure.
(Embodiment 19)
It has a substantially parallel upper bone that is continuous in the longitudinal direction on substantially the same upper plane located on the front side, and has a substantially parallel lower bone that is continuous in the longitudinal direction on substantially the same lower plane located on the back side. And the lower bone is located between the upper bones adjacent in plan view,
In at least a part of the relationship between the adjacent upper bones and the lower bones located between them, the connecting bones between the lower bones and the adjacent upper bones at multiple positions in the extending direction. Connect to form a base body,
The base body is laid on an inclined surface, and a lower layer material including a filling material (lump) is provided between the upper plane and the lower plane.
Slope stabilization structure characterized by that.
(Embodiment 20)
The slope stabilization structure according to embodiment 19, wherein the surface side of the base body is covered with a net.

(Main effects of the embodiment)
(1) A lower layer material including a filling material (lump) is provided in a base body that is a three-dimensional structure. Therefore, since the lower layer material includes the filling material (lump), the drainage when spring water or rainwater penetrates into the lower layer material is good, and the base body itself is a three-dimensional structure. Since it functions as a resistance against movement of the stuffing material (lumps), it is possible to reliably prevent erosion by water and to provide a stable protective structure.
(2) Further, when the coating layer is formed on the base body, even if rainwater permeates into the coating layer, the rainwater is guided to the lower layer material and prompt drainage is performed, thereby preventing the coating layer from being eroded.
(3) A base body which is a three-dimensional structure having a predetermined thickness between an upper plane and a lower plane. When upper and lower bones extend in the same direction, bending rigidity in the extending direction is increased. It will be expensive. Then, as shown in an example described later, it is easy to disperse the filling material (lumps).
(4) In the arrangement form of the connecting bone that connects the adjacent upper bone and the lower bone between them in the base body, the first connecting portion with the lower bone in the upper bone in plan view According to the structure in which there is a connecting portion with the upper bone in the lower bone at the intermediate position in the longitudinal direction between the first connecting portion and the next second connecting portion, as a resistor against the movement of the filling material (block) It becomes the arrangement form of the connecting bone.
(5) When the filling material (block) is rolled out on the base body, if the valley between adjacent upper bones (the lower bone is present at the bottom of the valley) is along the slope direction, along the valley While the ratio of the filling material (block) falling as it is increases, the base body intersects the extending direction of the upper bone and the lower bone with the slope direction connecting the bottom and shoulder of the slope. In the form of laying in the direction, the filling material (lumps) falls along the valleys between adjacent upper bones, but some of them fall into the next mountain or into the next valley, so the filling material as a whole Uniform dispersion of (lumps) can be easily achieved.
(6) When the slope is high, connect a plurality of base bodies in the slope direction. At that time, the directions of the plurality of base bodies are shifted. For example, if the lower base body is laid up so that the upper base body rises to the right, and the upper base body is raised so that the left shoulder rises, when the filling material (block) is spread out as described above, The filling material (lump) falls down and then drops down to the right on the lower base body, so the filling material (lump) falls as a whole, making it easy to uniformly disperse the filling material (lump) as a whole Can be achieved. On the other hand, when all are in the same direction, the distribution of the intermediate filling material (the lump) tends to deviate from the charging position of the intermediate filling material (the lump) (this is caused by the filling material (the lump)) This is because there is a high ratio of falling along the valley.)
(7) For example, when at least one of long fibers (including naturally continuous fibers) and short fibers is sprayed on the base body by spraying together with only the fibers or the coating material, the bone, for example, the embodiment In the base body, it becomes entangled with the upper bone and the connecting bone. As a result, the fibers are entangled with the lower layer material or the coating material of the coating layer, and function as a resistance material against runoff.
(8) The base body does not cover the entire natural ground, but also has the same effect as (1) by laying in a stepwise shape in the horizontal direction, a stripe shape in the vertical direction, or a lattice shape. . Even if it is arranged stepwise in the lateral direction, it is possible to induce permeated rainwater to the left and right through the lower layer material (additional means for draining rainwater guided to the left and right if necessary). Play.
(9) A plurality of base bodies may be laid in piles. In this case, smooth drainage is possible by providing the lower layer material at least at the lowest position. With respect to the base body on the surface side, if the covering layer material is provided so as to embed the base body without providing the lower layer material, the base body as a three-dimensional structure suppresses the loss of the covering layer material. .
(10) When a water-permeable sheet is laid between the base body facing the natural ground, fine ground particles can be suppressed by the water-permeable sheet (for example, a non-woven sheet), and its runoff can be prevented. The movement to the lower layer material side can be prevented, and the lowering of the water permeability of the lower layer material can be prevented. On the contrary, the water-permeable sheet is stable because it is pressed by the base body, and because the sheet is water-permeable, for example, when vegetation is attempted through the coating layer, the rootstock is sufficient. Water supply is possible.
(11) As the coating layer, a mortar or concrete spray layer or a vegetation base can be exemplified, but if it is a vegetation base, the lower layer material contains filling material (lumps) and has many voids. The rhizome grows well, the rhizome becomes entangled with the base body, and the plant grows so as to be excellent in convection.
(12) Since the base body is a three-dimensional structure and is provided with a lower layer material including a filling material (block), the base body itself is highly stable. When it is fixed to the natural ground by a fixing member such as a lock bolt or anchor body, a more stable structure is obtained.
(13) When the fixing seat is on a plurality of lower bones, and the support material is provided over the plurality of lower bones, the base body is strong and stable when the fixing member is driven into the ground. The base body can be restrained against the deformation force of the natural ground while preventing the base body from deforming itself.
(14) According to the form in which the filling material (blocked material) is squeezed into the thickness of the base body by its own weight dropping force, it is excellent in workability and can be quickly squeezed out.

Next, a structural example of the base body to which the filling material S is conveyed will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
(First base body example)
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the first base body X1 mainly includes upper bones 10, 10..., Lower bones 20, 20.
As shown in FIG. 4, each of the upper bones 10, 10... Is located on the surface side, is continuous in the longitudinal direction on the substantially same upper plane U, and has an appropriate interval, preferably an interval of 16 to 20 cm. More preferably, they are arranged substantially in parallel with an interval of 18 cm. Further, as shown in FIG. 4 in particular, each of the lower bones 20, 20... Is located on the back surface side and is continuous in the longitudinal direction on substantially the same lower plane D, preferably at an interval of 16 to 20 cm. They are arranged substantially in parallel with a spacing, more preferably with a spacing of 18 cm. And the upper bones 10, 10... And the lower bones 20, 20... Are arranged so that the lower bone 20 is positioned between the upper bones 10 and 10 adjacent in a plan view as shown in FIGS. Have been placed.
On the other hand, the upper bones 10, 10,... And the lower bones 20, 20,... Are particularly adjacent to the lower bones 20, 20,. Are connected by connecting bones 30, 30.
More specifically, as shown in particular in FIG. 2, each of the connecting bones 30, 30... Is formed of a single aggregate that is bent up and down and becomes wavy. The upper bones 10, 10... Are joined to the lower side of the connecting bones 30, 30... Bent downward (mountain folds), and the upper bones 10, 10. The bones 20, 20... Are joined. The connecting bones 30, 30... And the upper bones 10, 10... And the lower bones 20, 20... Can be joined by, for example, welding, bonding, twisting, socket joining, or the like. However, from the viewpoint of improving the strength, welding is preferred. The base body X1 can be manufactured by, for example, a method of joining the upper bones 10, 10,... And the lower bones 20, 20,. However, from the viewpoint of ease of manufacture, after joining the upper bones 10, 10,... And the lower bones 20, 20,. It is preferable to manufacture by pressing so that the bones 20, 20... Move downward.
As described above, the base body X1 is a three-dimensional structure in which bones (10, 20, 30...) Are connected, and has a shape having a gap inside.
Here, the material of each bone (10, 20, 30...) Is not particularly limited. However, from the viewpoint of strength, metals such as iron, steel, stainless steel, titanium, and various alloys are preferable, and steel is more preferable when considering the viewpoint of corrosion resistance. Also, the cross-sectional shape of each bone (10, 20, 30...) Is not particularly limited. For example, various shapes such as a polygonal shape such as a rectangular shape, a square shape, and a rhombus shape, a circular shape such as a perfect circle shape and an elliptical shape, and a star shape are conceivable. However, from the viewpoint of strength, a perfect circle shape is preferable as in the illustrated example.

(Second base body example)
As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, the second base body X2 has substantially the same shape as the first base body X1, and is connected to the upper bones 10, 10... And the lower bones 20, 20. From the bones 31, 32.
However, this base body X2 is different from the connecting bone 30 of the first base body X1 in the shape of the connecting bones indicated by reference numerals 31 and 32.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6 in particular, each of the connecting bones 31, 32... Does not have a portion (mountain fold portion) that bends from above to below. It has a shape that bends from the side to the bottom. The upper bones 10, 10... Are joined to the lower side of the portion bent from the upper side or the lower side of the portion bent from the side to the lower side. Note that the presence of a portion (valley fold portion) that bends from below to above is the same as in the case of the first base body X1.
The lateral extension distance of each of the connecting bones 31, 32... Is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in the illustrated example, the distance passes through one lower bone 20, the distance that passes two lower bones 20, the distance that passes three lower bones 20, or the distance that passes more than two lower bones 20 , Etc.
In this base body X2, the connecting bone has the same shape as shown above for both the reference numeral 31 and the reference numeral 32. However, the connecting positions of the connecting bone 31 and the connecting bone 32 are different. That is, as shown in FIG. 7 in particular, the connecting bone 31 and the connecting bone 32 are connected to the center of the extending portion of the connecting bone 31 (the portion from the side bent from the side to the side bent downward). The valley fold portion of the bone 32 is located, and the valley fold portion of the connecting bone 31 is located in the center of the extending portion of the connecting bone 32 so as to be shifted in the width direction. Thus, by disposing the connecting bones 31 and 32 so as to be shifted in the width direction, the filling material (lumps) S is uniformly dispersed. Therefore, the lateral extension distance of each of the connecting bones 31, 32... Is preferably short, and more preferably a distance that passes by one as in the illustrated example.

(Third base body example)
As shown in FIGS. 9 to 12, the third base body X3 has substantially the same shape as the first base body X1, and is connected to the upper bones 10, 10... And the lower bones 20, 20. From the bones 33, 33.
However, this base body X3 is different from the connecting bone 30 of the first base body X1 in the shape of the connecting bone indicated by reference numeral 33.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9 in particular, each of the connecting bones 33, 33... Has a first connecting portion (upper bones) with the lower bones 20, 20. 10A and the connecting bone 33 are connected to each other) 33A and the next second connecting portion (in the longitudinal direction of the first connecting portion, the upper bone 10 and the connecting bone 33 are connected to each other below the drawing surface in the illustrated example). In the longitudinal intermediate position with respect to the part (33B), there is a shape in which there is a connecting portion (part where the lower bone 20 and the connecting bone 33 are connected) 33C with the upper bones 10, 10,. ing. According to this structure, it becomes the arrangement | positioning form of a connection bone as a resistance body with respect to the movement of the filling material (lumps) S. FIG. Further, according to this structure, the bending rigidity in the oblique direction is high.
The base body X3 can be manufactured, for example, by a method of joining the upper bones 10, 10,... And the lower bones 20, 20,. However, from the viewpoint of ease of manufacture, the upper bones 10, 10... And the lower bones 20, 20. , One of the adjacent lower bones 20, 20... Is moved upward, the other is moved downward, and the upper bones 10, 10... Are moved upward, and the lower bones 20, 20. Thus, it is preferable to manufacture.

(Other base body examples)
In the above base bodies X1, X2 and X3, the upper and lower bones 10, 20... Extend in the same direction, but the base body is a three-dimensional structure in which many bones are connected. Any material can be used as long as it has voids inside and can be filled with the filling material (lumps) S.

[Construction method]
In each of the above-described base bodies X (X1, X2, X3), when viewed in cross section, each of the base bodies X has a mountain shape, a ridge line portion and a valley portion are formed, and the ridge line portion of the upper bone 10 is the lower bone 20 A trough is formed at (see FIGS. 4, 8, and 12 in particular). The thickness of each base body is preferably 20 to 300 mm, particularly 40 to 150 mm. The size of the opening formed by the upper bone 10, the lower bone 20, and the connecting bone 30 is also preferably 20 to 300 mm, particularly 40 to 150 mm.
Taking examples of the base body X and river revetment, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, a water-permeable sheet 40 such as a nonwoven fabric is laid on a gentle slope from the river to the road. A base body X is laid thereon.
At that time, the extending direction of the upper bone 10 and the lower bone 20 is laid in a direction that intersects the slope direction connecting the bottom and shoulder of the slope, for example, a direction that intersects at an angle of 45 degrees. The intersection angle is preferably 20 to 65 degrees.
Further, as shown in FIG. 14, when the slope slope is long, a plurality of base bodies X, X are used, and a lower base body X provided below the slope and an upper base body X provided above the slope are used. In addition, the extending direction of the upper bone 10 and the lower bone 20 is laid in a direction intersecting with the slope direction connecting the bottom and shoulder of the slope, and the extending direction of the lower base body X and the upper base body X Are installed so as to intersect with the boundary line between the lower base body X and the upper base body X. In the illustrated example, the lower base body is laid to rise to the left shoulder, and the upper base body is laid to rise to the right shoulder.

Before and after laying the base body X, the filling material (block) S is supplied into the pressure cooker 71. Then, at the stage where the laying of the base body X is completed, for example, a filling material (block) S of about 30 to 60 mm is sprayed toward the base body X by the transfer devices 70X, 70Y, and 70Z described above. In this case, it is desirable to spray from the upper end of the base body X. However, it can also be provided so as to be stacked from the lower end. At this time, although not shown in the figure, an operator may spray the material with the transport hose 72 and the nozzle 75 facing the base body X. At that time, the worker can work while observing the filling state of the filling material (lumps) S into the base body X. The transported (sprayed) lump S is dropped as it is along the valley between the adjacent upper bones 10 and 10 (the lower bone 20 is present at the bottom of the valley). Since the inner filling material (lumps) S of the portion falls into the next mountain or into the next valley, uniform dispersion of the middle filling materials (lumps) can be easily achieved as a whole.
Depending on the case, it is possible to form the lower layer material by providing the main soil, chips, bark compost or the like together with or separately from the filling material (lump) S. In the illustrated example, the lower layer material is formed only of the filling material (lumps) S group. In addition to the case where the upper surface of the lower layer material is aligned with the upper bone 10, it may be below or above the upper bone 10.
Next, the coating layer 50 can be formed on the lower layer material. The covering layer 50 is preferably a vegetation base, but may be mortar or soil, or may be a vegetation base, mortar, or soil mixed with fibers. A well-known thing can be used as it is as a vegetation base. You can create a vegetation base by spraying the soil with seeds and fertilizer. When the upper surface of the lower layer material is below the upper bone 10, the coating layer 50 also enters below the upper bone 10.
In the case of a vegetation base, as can be seen from the enlarged view of FIG. 13, since there are many voids in the lower layer material, the rhizome of the plant easily penetrates into the lower layer material. And a lower layer material with high drainage can be constituted.

As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the base body X can be laid in a line shape to ensure a non-laying area.
The example of FIG. 15 is an example of laying in a stripe shape in the vertical direction, and FIG. 16 is an example of laying in a grid pattern with the horizontal frame Xh and the vertical frame Xv. When setting it as a connection frame, it is connection by a connection member and is not limited to the shape of a connection frame.
As shown in FIG. 17, the base body X has an anchor pin (the shape of the anchor pin is not particularly limited. For example, the base body X has a linear shape, an arc shape, or the like toward the base end (head) toward one or both sides. It is possible to use a member provided with a latching portion that spreads out to the lower bone 20. In the fixing, the latching portion is caught by the lower bone 20.) A fixing member 60 such as a lock bolt or an anchor body. It is desirable to fix to natural ground. As a concrete example, fixing seats 62 and 63 of a fixing member 60 made of a rock bolt that spans, for example, a rod-shaped support material over the lower bone 20 and is driven into a natural ground are arranged on the plurality of lower bones 20 and 20. The support member 61 and the fixing seat 62 such as a plate pressure plate can be connected by an integrated member (not shown) and can be integrally pressed to the natural ground side. Reference numeral 64 denotes a nut member of the fixing member 60 made of a lock bolt.

Explaining other forms, before forming the covering layer 50, long fibers can be provided on the base body by spreading or the like so as to be entangled with the upper bone and the connecting bone of the base body. The long fibers can be entangled with the upper bones and the connecting bones of the base body by including long fibers in the covering layer forming material such as soil and spraying the material. In this case, continuous fibers are desirable as the long fibers. If necessary, long fibers containing short fibers can be used. There are no limitations on the type of fiber, such as natural fiber or synthetic fiber.
A plurality of base bodies can be laid over and a lower layer material can be provided at least at the lowest position. When the base bodies are stacked, they can be integrated with a binding material or the like.
As the filling material (bulk) S, in addition to the above-mentioned chestnut or crushed stone, it is also possible to use stones collected on site, artificial stones, appropriate artificial inorganic particles, artificial organic particles, and the like.

As is clear from the above example, for example, referring to FIG. 13 showing a representative example, the operation and effect of the present invention will be described again. The lower layer material containing the filling material (lumps) S in the base body X which is a three-dimensional structure is obtained. Provide. Therefore, since the lower layer material includes the filling material (lumps) S, the drainage when spring water or rainwater permeates the lower layer material is good, and the base body X itself is a three-dimensional structure. Since it functions as a resistance against the movement of the filling material (lumps) S, erosion by water can be reliably prevented and a stable protective structure can be obtained.
A covering layer 50 is formed on the base body X. Therefore, even if rainwater permeates into the covering layer 50, the rainwater is guided to the lower layer and the drainage is performed quickly, thereby preventing the covering layer 50 from being eroded.
Therefore, erosion can be reliably prevented and a stable protection structure can be created on natural slopes, cut slopes, river revetments, artificially constructed slopes (for example, sabos), and dam flood slopes. In particular, the good drainage not only shows a high erosion-preventing effect, but, for example, when the ground is a strong alkali or strong acid soil, the strong alkali or strong acid water that springs from the soil is used as the lower layer material. Accordingly, the covering layer 50 is not affected, and thus, for example, vegetation can be achieved in the covering layer 50.
On the other hand, the cover layer 50 may not be formed on the base body X in the case of river revetment or the like when it is clear that the cover layer 50 is washed away. However, in this case, in order to prevent the filling material (block) S from flowing out of the base body X, the surface side of the base body X is made of a wire mesh such as a lath net or a turtle shell metal net, or a net. It is preferable to cover with a net.

<Others>
The slope stabilization method according to the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned base body, and although not shown, a known wire mesh rod, gabion, rebar rod or the like may be used. At this time, when a lightweight material such as a lightweight aggregate is used as the filling material S, in order to add a scattering prevention function due to a low density, in the case of a box shape such as a wire mesh cage or a reinforcing rod cage, It is preferable to attach a wire mesh with a lid to the lid.

It is a top view of a 1st base body. It is sectional drawing of a 1st base body. It is a perspective view of a 1st base body. It is a figure for demonstrating the three-dimensional structure of a 1st base body. It is a top view of a 2nd base body. It is a figure for demonstrating the connection bone of a 2nd base body. It is sectional drawing of a 2nd base body. It is a perspective view of a 2nd base body. It is a top view of a 3rd base body. It is sectional drawing of a 3rd base body. It is a side view of a 3rd base body. It is a perspective view of a 3rd base body. It is sectional drawing of a stabilization structure. It is a general | schematic front view of a slope. It is a general | schematic front view of the slope of another form. It is a general | schematic front view of the slope of another form. It is a perspective view of the example of arrangement | positioning of a fixing member. It is a schematic diagram of the example of a filling material conveying apparatus. It is a schematic diagram of the example of a filling material conveying apparatus. It is a schematic diagram of the example of a filling material conveying apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Upper bone, 20 ... Lower bone, 30, 31, 32, 33 ... Connection bone, 40 ... Water-permeable sheet, 50 ... Covering layer, 60 ... Fixing member, 70X, 70Y, 70Z ... Filling material conveyance apparatus, 71 ... Pressure hook, 72 ... Conveyance hose, 73 ... Ejector, 74 ... Compressed air supply hose, 75 ... Nozzle, 77 ... Lubricant supply hose, 78 ... Air compression means, 79 ... Regulator, 80 ... Lubricant tank, S ... Filling Material (lump), X1, X2, X3 ... Base body.

Claims (9)

In order to stabilize the slope by laying a three-dimensional structure having a gap inside on the slope and supplying a filling material to the gap in the structure,
The filling material is a method of conveying the inside of the flexible conveying hose by air,
Air transportation of the filling material is performed with a lubricant using a pressure cooker that is supplied with compressed air and discharges compressed air together with the filling material.
Slope stabilization method characterized by that. In order to stabilize the slope by laying a three-dimensional structure having a gap inside on the slope and supplying a filling material to the gap in the structure,
The filling material is a method of conveying the inside of the flexible conveying hose by air,
Air transportation of the filling material is performed together with a lubricant using an ejector to which compressed air is supplied.
Slope stabilization method characterized by that. In order to stabilize the slope by laying a three-dimensional structure having a gap inside on the slope and supplying a filling material to the gap in the structure,
The filling material is a method of conveying the inside of the flexible conveying hose by air,
A pressure pot that is provided at the base end portion of the transfer hose for air transfer of the filling material, and discharges compressed air together with the filling material, and a predetermined portion between the pressure hook and the tip end portion of the transfer hose. Using the ejector included in the apparatus and means for supplying compressed air to the pressure cooker and the ejector.
Slope stabilization method characterized by that. As the filling material, those having a maximum particle size of 30-60 mm,
And the stabilization method of the slope of Claim 2 or Claim 3 which uses the suction side diameter of 7.62 to 20.32 mm and the discharge side diameter of 7.62 to 20.32 mm as the ejector.   The slope stabilization method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the lubricant is supplied into the transport hose through a supply hose connected to the transport hose.   The slope stabilization method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein air transportation of the filling material is performed together with the lubricant by spraying the lubricant on the filling material.   The slope stabilization method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a foamed surfactant is used as the lubricant.   The slope stabilization method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the amount of the lubricant transported is 1 to 5% by mass of the amount of the filling material transported. As the three-dimensional structure,
It has a substantially parallel upper bone that is continuous in the longitudinal direction on substantially the same upper plane located on the front side, and has a substantially parallel lower bone that is continuous in the longitudinal direction on substantially the same lower plane located on the back side. And the lower bone is located between the upper bones adjacent in plan view, and the extending direction is at least part of the relationship between the adjacent upper bone and the lower bone located therebetween In a number of positions, using a base body constructed by connecting the lower bone and the adjacent upper bone by a connecting bone,
The slope stabilization method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the filling material is supplied to the gap formed between the upper plane and the lower plane.

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