JP2018054399A - Material tester and material testing system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a material tester and a material testing system with which it is possible to avoid mechanical shock when a test piece breaks and efficiently carry out material test.SOLUTION: A body control unit 17 includes, as functional configuration, a breakage prediction unit 31 for predicting, on the basis of past test time data, a time when a test piece 10 breaks; an operation delay unit 32 for postponing the start of test by delaying the time by a prescribed time before a load mechanism drive power source 22 actually starts drive after a start instruction is inputted, when a test start is inputted in a time slot in which breakage of the test piece 10 is predicted in a test by an other material tester 1 in the same facility; a storage unit 34 for storing past test time data; and a communication unit 36 for transmitting/receiving information to and from other material testers disposed in the same facility via a network 26.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a material testing machine having a load mechanism for applying a test load to a test piece and a material testing system for monitoring the operating status of a plurality of material testing machines.

  In facilities that conduct material testing, multiple material testing machines may be installed. Patent Document 1 proposes a material test control apparatus that monitors the operating status of each material testing machine by connecting a plurality of material testing machines and draws up a test plan.

  By the way, depending on the material of the test piece used for the material test and the kind of the test, the impact at the time of the test piece breakage may affect other material testing machines and affect the test result. For this reason, in facilities where a plurality of material testing machines are installed, measures are taken to absorb the impact when the specimen is broken by disposing each material testing machine on a vibration isolation table. Also, among the time from the start of the test to the end of the test, the time zone in which the impact when the specimen breaks affects the test result is empirically known. For example, each operator performing and monitoring the test By predicting the rupture time of the test piece from the transition of the stress during the test and calling out to each other between operators, measures such as performing the material test execution operation avoiding the test piece rupture timing are taken. It has been.

JP 2005-351661 A

  A material testing machine with a large capacity requires a large vibration isolation table because the test piece has a large breaking impact and the mass of the apparatus itself is large. Large-scale vibration isolation tables are expensive and expensive. Even if the material testing machine is installed on the vibration isolation table, there is a limit to the vibration that can be removed by the vibration isolation table. For example, it is difficult to remove vibrations having a low period even in vibrations transmitted on the ground. Furthermore, the vibration isolation table cannot remove vibrations caused by sound pressure propagating in the air.

  In order to avoid the impact of the specimen breakage from affecting the test results of other material testing machines, the operators conducting the tests and monitoring each other are called on each material testing machine. When taking measures to shift the test start timing, test efficiency may decrease due to a shift in tact time. Furthermore, when each of the plurality of material testing machines is arranged in each of a plurality of rooms surrounded by a wall, the operator's voice is not transmitted across the wall and is being tested by another material testing machine. In some cases, the execution of the test cannot be stopped in order to avoid the break timing of the test piece.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a material testing machine and a material testing system capable of efficiently performing a material test while avoiding an impact when a specimen is broken. And

  The invention according to claim 1 is a material testing machine including a load mechanism that applies a test load to a test piece and a main body control unit that controls the load mechanism, and the main body control unit is configured to store past test time data. Based on the above, a fracture prediction unit for predicting when the test piece breaks, and a prediction result by the fracture prediction unit is transmitted to the outside as predicted fracture information, and another material testing machine disposed in the same facility The communication part which receives the said expected fracture | rupture information, and the display part which displays the said expected fracture | rupture information are provided, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the material testing machine according to the first aspect, the main body control unit receives the prediction of another material testing machine disposed in the same facility, which is received by the communication unit. The apparatus further includes an operation postponement unit that postpones the start of the operation of applying a test load to the test piece by the load mechanism in response to a test start command input by an operator based on the break information.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the material testing machine according to the first aspect, the main body control unit receives the prediction of another material testing machine disposed in the same facility, which is received by the communication unit. A reset unit for invalidating the test start command input by the operator based on the break information is further provided.

  The invention according to claim 4 is a material testing system that manages a test schedule of the plurality of material testing machines and monitors an operation status by a control device that performs data communication with the plurality of material testing machines, Each of the plurality of material testing machines includes a communication unit that transmits and receives information to and from the control device, and a fracture prediction unit that predicts when the test piece breaks based on past test time data during the test. The control device receives predicted fracture information that is a prediction result by the fracture prediction unit from each of the plurality of material testing machines, and among the plurality of material testing machines, A schedule change for changing a test start time of a material testing machine that starts a test when the predicted test piece breaks is performed.

  The invention according to claim 5 is a material testing system that manages a test schedule of the plurality of material testing machines and monitors an operation status by a control device that performs data communication with the plurality of material testing machines, Each of the plurality of material testing machines includes a communication unit that transmits and receives information to and from the control device, and the control device includes test data being tested received from each of the plurality of material testing machines; A rupture prediction unit that predicts when a test piece in each of the plurality of material testing machines breaks based on past test time data, and based on predicted rupture information that is a prediction result by the rupture prediction unit, A schedule change is executed to change a test start time of a material tester that starts a test when the predicted specimen breaks among the plurality of material testers. .

  According to the first to third aspects of the invention, the main body control unit predicts when the test piece breaks, and the communication that transmits the predicted fracture information as a prediction result by the fracture prediction unit to the outside. This makes it possible to notify the timing of the occurrence of the rupture impact to an operator who is preparing for a test using a surrounding material testing machine in the same facility or a material testing machine arranged in another room. By sharing the expected fracture information of the test piece, in other material testing machines, the test can be started while avoiding the time zone in which the test piece is expected to break. And the communication section enables mutual communication between the material testing machines in the same facility, and by sharing the expected fracture information of the test piece, the vibration at the time of breaking the test piece can also be a management target in the material test Therefore, it is possible to efficiently perform a material test by avoiding in advance a test failure caused by vibration at the time of fracture of the test piece.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, by providing the operation postponement unit, even when the operator gives an instruction to start the test to the material testing machine, it avoids the time zone in which it is predicted that the rupture impact will automatically occur. The operation of applying a test load to the test piece by the load mechanism can be started.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, by providing the reset unit, the test can be started at the time when it is expected that the rupture impact will occur even if the operator gives an instruction to start the test to the material testing machine. Can be prevented.

  According to invention of Claim 4 and Claim 5, each material testing machine and control apparatus were comprised so that communication was possible, and the fracture prediction part which estimates when a test piece fractures was provided in the material test system. Therefore, in the schedule management of multiple material testing machines, it is possible to consider when the test piece predicted by the fracture prediction unit breaks, so the test schedule is optimized and material testing is performed efficiently It becomes possible to do.

1 is a schematic diagram of a material testing machine 1 according to the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows the main control systems of the material testing machine 1 which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic diagram explaining the mode of use of material testing machine 1 concerning this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement when transmitting expected fracture | rupture information. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement when receiving an expected fracture information. It is a block diagram which shows the main control systems of the material testing machine 1 which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement when receiving expected fracture | rupture information. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic diagram explaining the material testing system which has the material testing machine 1 which concerns on this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a material testing machine 1 according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a main control system of the material testing machine 1.

  This material testing machine 1 arrange | positions the test piece 10 in the test space enclosed by the crosshead 13, the base 15, and the cover 14 standingly arranged by right and left of this base 15, for example, material A tensile test is performed as a test. The test piece 10 is disposed in the test space by being gripped at both ends by the upper grip 11 disposed on the crosshead 13 side and the lower grip 12 fixed to the base 15.

  At both ends of the cross head 13, nut portions (not shown) that are screwed with a pair of screw rods disposed in a cover 14 erected on the left and right of the base 15 are disposed. The pair of screw rods rotate in synchronization with the driving of a load mechanism power source 22 (see FIG. 2) such as a motor disposed in the base 15, so that the crosshead 13 moves in the vertical direction. As the cross head 13 moves up, a tensile load (test force) is applied to the test piece 10.

  The test force applied to the test piece 10 is detected by a load cell 16 as a test force detector. Further, the displacement amount between the upper and lower gauge points of the test piece 10 is detected by a contact-type or non-contact-type displacement meter 21 (see FIG. 2). Signals from the load cell 16 and the displacement meter 21 are input to the main body control unit 17.

  The main body control unit 17 includes a storage device such as a RAM and a ROM, and an arithmetic device such as a CPU, and generates a motor drive control signal for raising and lowering the crosshead 13 based on signals from the load cell 16 and the displacement meter 21. To do. Thereby, the rotation of the motor is controlled, the crosshead 13 moves along the load axis, and various material tests such as a tensile test are executed. The main body control unit 17 is connected to a display unit 18 constituted by a liquid crystal display panel, an operation unit 19 for inputting execution commands for various operations of the apparatus main body, and a network 26. The operation unit 19 is provided with input buttons such as a return for moving the crosshead 13 to the origin position, a jog up / down operation for arbitrarily moving the crosshead 13 up / down, and a test start.

  The main body control unit 17 is tested as a functional configuration in a test with the fracture prediction unit 31 that predicts when the test piece 10 is fractured based on past test time data, and with another material testing machine 1 in the same facility. When there is an input to start a test in a time zone in which the piece 10 is predicted to break, the time from when the start command is input until the load mechanism power source 22 actually starts driving is delayed by a predetermined time. Information between the operation postponing unit 32 for postponing the start of the test, the storage unit 34 for storing past test time data, and other material testing machines arranged in the same facility via the network 26. A communication unit 36 for transmitting and receiving is provided.

  The operation of the material testing machine 1 having the above configuration will be described in more detail. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining a mode of use of the material testing machine 1 according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an operation when transmitting the expected break information. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation when the expected break information is received.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the material testing machine 1 according to the present invention enables transmission / reception of information to / from each other in the same facility by connecting the main body control unit 17 to a network 26. In addition, when generically referring to the plurality of material testing machines 1a, 1b, and 1c, they are described as the material testing machine 1.

  The state of each material testing machine 1 arranged in a separate room with a wall 101 in the same facility is in a state of being tested like the material testing machine 1a and to start a test like the material testing machine 1b. There are various states such as a state immediately before the operator operates the operation unit 19 and a state in which the operator operates the operation unit 19 to move the crosshead 13 to the return position as in the material testing machine 1c. In addition, the detail of each part of the material testing machine 1 shown in FIG. 3 is as having demonstrated with reference to FIG. Here, at the timing when the start button of the test start of the operation unit 19 of the material testing machine 1b is pushed by the operator and the load mechanism starts moving in order to give the test load to the test piece 10 by the test start command, another material test is performed. When the test piece 10 under test in the machine 1a breaks, the impact of the break is transmitted to the floor surface, and a force unrelated to the test load is applied to the test piece 10 immediately after the start of the test. The resulting noise.

  In the drive control of the load mechanism of the material testing machine 1, feedback control using detection values of the displacement meter 21 and the load cell 16 is performed. In particular, in a testing machine that performs automatic control in which an initial value at the start of control is automatically set based on a detected value immediately after the start of the test, the fracture impact of the test piece 10 being tested by another material testing machine 1 is immediately after the start of the test. If it is transmitted to the system, problems such as failure of automatic control and test failure occur. Therefore, in the material testing machine 1 according to the present invention, the main body control unit 17 is provided with the fracture prediction unit 31 and a communication unit 36 that can transmit information to the outside and receive information from the outside. The expected fracture information of the test piece 10 is shared between the material testing machines 1 in the facility. Thereby, the vibration at the time of the break of the test piece 10 is also a management target in the material test, and the failure of the test due to the vibration at the time of the break of the test piece 10 can be avoided in advance. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently perform a material test in each material testing machine.

  First, when a test is executed (step S2) after a start input (step S1) for starting a test by the operator operating the start button of the operation unit 19, the material testing machines 1a and 1b that are executing the test are displayed. In the main body control unit 17, the fracture prediction unit 31 performs an operation of predicting when the test piece 10 is broken. The fracture prediction unit 31 stores past test time data stored in advance in the storage unit 34 based on test conditions such as the type, test type, and test force of the test piece 10 input prior to the test, that is, the past With reference to the time data of the test results under the same test conditions, the time until the test piece 10 breaks is acquired (step S3). The past test time data is a table including the relationship between the material, shape, size, and time until breakage of the test piece 10. The time until fracture can be obtained, for example, by the relationship between various mechanical properties (upper yield point, lower yield point, maximum test force, etc.) of the material required by the test and fracture. Depending on the type and material of the test, some mechanical properties may not appear clearly, or some mechanical properties and the time to break may be too short. Is determined in accordance with the properties of the test piece 10 and the test conditions.

  The fracture prediction unit 31 executes fracture prediction for predicting when the predicted test piece 10 breaks based on the time until fracture obtained from the past test time data (step S4). The predicted time when the test piece 10 is ruptured is an approximate timing of occurrence of a rupture impact, which is a time zone having a certain width. Then, the prediction result is stored in the storage unit 34 as predicted break information. Thereafter, the expected break information is transmitted from the communication unit 36 to the other material testing machine 1 in the same facility via the network 26 (step S5). That is, the expected break information of the material testing machine 1b of FIG. 3 is transmitted to the material testing machines 1a and 1c. The expected fracture information including the time zone predicted by the fracture prediction unit 31 is displayed as a warning on the display unit 18 of each material testing machine in the same facility. The warning displayed on the display unit 18 is a character display such as a timer display that counts down several minutes until the expected break time, or a break soon. In addition, when it breaks, for example, the time after a predetermined time from the time when the maximum test force is reached may be the break time, and the time zone before and after the break may be broken.Depending on the type of material, elongation or yield You may make it estimate the time of a fracture | rupture by the relationship between measurement time, such as a point, and a fracture | rupture.

  When the material testing machine 1b receives the predicted fracture information via the network 26 (step S11), the material testing machine 1b performs an avoidance operation so that the test is not started in a time zone where the test piece 10 is expected to break. In this embodiment, such an avoidance operation is performed until a predetermined time elapses with respect to a test start command input from the operation unit 19 in a time zone in which breakage is expected due to the action of the operation postponement unit 32. It is executed by temporarily stopping the change of the operation of the load mechanism. First, when the start command is input by the operator operating the start button of the operation unit 19 (step S12), it is determined whether the start input is in the received expected time zone (step S12). S13). If it is not the start input in the received expected time zone, the test is executed as it is (step S15). On the other hand, if it is a start input in the received expected time zone, the test is executed after a predetermined time has elapsed (step S14). The predetermined time here is set to a certain time such as the same time width as the expected time zone so that the test is started at a time that does not overlap with the time zone expected to break. . In this way, by delaying the start of the operation of applying the test load to the test piece 10 by the load mechanism, it is possible to execute the test start operation while avoiding the time zone in which the fracture impact is automatically predicted to occur.

  FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a main control system of a material testing machine according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an operation when the expected break information is received.

  The main body control unit 17 replaces the operation postponing unit 32 of the above-described embodiment as a functional configuration, and performs a test at a time zone in which the test piece 10 is predicted to break in a test using another material testing machine in the same facility. A reset unit 33 is provided for invalidating the test start command when a start input is received. In addition, about the structure similar to FIG. 2 among the structures shown in FIG. 6, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  When the material testing machine 1b shown in FIG. 3 receives the expected fracture information via the network 26 (step S21), the material testing machine 1b performs an avoidance operation so that the test is not started in the time zone where the fracture is expected. In this embodiment, such an avoidance operation is executed by invalidating a test start command input from the operation unit 19 in a time zone in which a break is expected by the action of the reset unit 33. First, when an operator inputs a test start (start) command by operating the operation unit 19 (step S22), a determination is made as to whether the input is a start input in the received expected time zone (step S22). S23). If it is not a start input in the received expected time zone, the test is started as it is (step S25).

  On the other hand, if the input is in the received expected time zone, the start input is reset (step S24). In this embodiment, since the start input is reset, in order to start the test, it is necessary for the operator to operate the start button of the operation unit 19 again after a time that does not overlap the expected break time zone. By displaying a warning calling attention to breakage on the display unit 18 from when the expected break information is received until the expected time zone elapses, the operator can know the reason why the start input is reset, Even at the next start input, it is possible to confirm that the warning on the display unit 18 has disappeared and operate.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for explaining a material testing system having a plurality of material testing machines 1.

  This material testing system includes a control device 40 that manages a test schedule of a plurality of material testing machines 1. A display unit 41 and an input unit 42 are connected to the control device 40. The control device 40 includes a hard disk drive (a storage device such as a CPU for performing various operations, a RAM for temporarily storing data, a ROM for storing software for scheduling a material testing machine, and the like). This is realized by a personal computer including a large-capacity storage device such as an HDD) or a solid state drive (SSD).

  In this material testing system, the main body control unit 17 and the control device 40 of each material testing machine 1 can communicate data via the network 26, and the operation of each connected material testing machine 1 is performed in the control device 40. While monitoring the situation, it is possible to determine the test schedule of all the material testing machines 1. The operation status such as test data during the test of each material testing machine 1 and the test schedule are displayed on the display unit 41. And the control apparatus 40 performs operation instructions, such as a test start of each material testing machine 1, according to the test schedule prepared beforehand.

  Since the control device 40 includes a large-capacity storage device, it is possible to store and save more past test time data in a database. Further, by including not only the data of the actual test time during the actual test but also the time to replace the fractured test piece with a new test piece in the past test time data, the control device 40 allows each material test to be performed. When the material test is continuously performed by the machine 1, the time required for the test is collected from the database with respect to the test conditions set by the operator via the input unit 42, and the entire schedule is determined.

  In this embodiment, the fracture prediction unit 31 in the main body control unit 17 of each material testing machine 1 refers to the database stored in the large-capacity storage device of the control device 40 to thereby obtain the test piece 10 from the past test time data. Get the information needed to predict when will break. The fracture prediction unit 31 predicts a time zone during which the test piece 10 in each material testing machine breaks based on the test data during the test of each material testing machine 1 and the test time data in the past. Similar to the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 4, the fracture prediction is executed using the maximum test force obtained from the test data under test. Predicted break information that is a prediction result in the break prediction unit 31 is transmitted to the control device 40. In the control device 40 that has received the predicted break information, a schedule change is performed to change the test start time of the material testing machine where the test is started when the predicted test piece 10 breaks.

  Even in a material testing system equipped with a plurality of material testing machines that automatically supply, measure, and collect specimens, it is possible to change the entire schedule in consideration of the expected time zone of fracture. Therefore, in any of the material testing machines 1, the schedule can be optimized, the predicted break time can be avoided, and the test can be started, and the failure of the test can be reduced.

  In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the main body control unit 17 of the material testing machine 1 is provided with the fracture prediction unit 31 that predicts the fracture time of the test piece 10 has been described. However, as shown in FIG. In the material test system provided with a personal computer capable of monitoring the operation control and test status of all the material testing machines 1 as the control device 40 above the machine 1, install the program in the control device 40 for the fracture prediction unit 31. May be provided. In this case, the main body control unit 17 of the material testing machine 1 only needs to include the communication unit 36 and be configured to be remotely controlled by the control device 40.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to the material testing machine 1 that employs a motor that raises and lowers the crosshead 13 by rotating a pair of screw rods as the load mechanism power source 22 has been described. The present invention is not limited to such a form. For example, the present invention may be applied to a material testing machine that employs a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic power source as the load mechanism power source 22.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the material testing machine that performs the tensile test has been described. However, the material testing machine in the case where the test system is configured by a plurality of material testing machines is the material testing machine that performs the compression test and the fatigue test. It may be. In addition, the material testing machine that receives the expected fracture information of the test piece 10 may be a material testing machine that performs a bending test as well as a material testing machine that performs a test involving a fracture of the test piece 10.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Material testing machine 10 Test piece 11 Upper grip 12 Lower grip 13 Crosshead 14 Cover 15 Base 16 Load cell 17 Main body control part 18 Display part 19 Operation part 21 Displacement meter 22 Load mechanism drive source 26 Network 31 Breaking prediction part 32 Operation postponement part 33 Input reset part 34 Storage part 36 Communication part 40 Control device 41 Display part 42 Input part 101 Wall

Claims (5)

A material testing machine including a load mechanism that applies a test load to a test piece, and a main body control unit that controls the load mechanism,
The main body control unit
Based on past test time data, a fracture prediction unit that predicts when the test piece breaks;
A communication unit that transmits the prediction result by the break prediction unit to the outside as predicted break information, and receives the predicted break information of other material testing machines disposed in the same facility, and
A display unit for displaying the expected fracture information;
A material testing machine comprising: The material testing machine according to claim 1,
The main body control unit
A test load is applied to the test piece by the load mechanism in response to a test start command input by an operator based on the predicted fracture information received by the communication unit from another material testing machine installed in the same facility. A material testing machine further comprising an operation postponement unit that postpones the start of the operation to be applied by a predetermined time. The material testing machine according to claim 1,
The main body control unit
A material testing machine further comprising a reset unit that invalidates a test start command input by an operator based on the expected break information of another material testing machine arranged in the same facility received by the communication unit . A material testing system that manages a test schedule of the plurality of material testing machines and monitors an operation status by a control device that performs data communication with the plurality of material testing machines,
Each of the plurality of material testing machines includes a communication unit that transmits and receives information to and from the control device, and a fracture prediction unit that predicts when the test piece breaks based on past test time data during the test. A main body control unit having
The control device receives predicted fracture information, which is a prediction result by the fracture prediction unit, from each of the plurality of material testing machines, and the predicted test piece of the plurality of material testing machines breaks. A material testing system that performs a schedule change that changes a test start time of a material testing machine that is sometimes tested. A material testing system that manages a test schedule of the plurality of material testing machines and monitors an operation status by a control device that performs data communication with the plurality of material testing machines,
Each of the plurality of material testing machines includes a communication unit that transmits and receives information to and from the control device,
The control device predicts when the test piece in each of the plurality of material testing machines breaks based on the test data under test received from each of the plurality of material testing machines and the past test time data. A material for which a test is started when the predicted specimen breaks among the plurality of material testing machines based on predicted fracture information that is a prediction result by the fracture prediction unit. A material testing system for executing a schedule change for changing a test start time of a testing machine.

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