JP2018027576A - Telescopic cover device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a telescopic cover device capable of realizing a stable operation and minimizing the stop time of a machine.SOLUTION: A sliding member 21 is attached to the mutual contact parts of cover bodies of a telescopic cover 2. A sliding resistance measurement device 6 is provided to the sliding member 21. Sliding resistance abnormality determination means 9 for determining whether elongation motion is abnormal on the basis of a sliding resistance measured value acquired by the sliding resistance measurement device 6 is provided to a control device 7.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

  The present invention relates to a telescopic cover device for protecting a guide surface of a moving body such as a table of a machine tool and a driving mechanism thereof.

  Industrial machines such as machine tools have a drive unit for linear or swiveling movement of structures such as tables and pallets that hold workpieces, and a guide unit for smooth and optimal movement. ing. Examples of the drive unit include a ball screw and a linear motor, and examples of the guide unit include a rolling guide and a sliding guide.

  The drive unit and the guide unit are partially or entirely covered with a protective cover in order to prevent entry into the dangerous area and to protect against malfunctions and damage due to entry of foreign matter. In a cutting-type machine tool, chips generated during machining may hit directly, and a cover made of sheet metal is often employed.

  Telescopic covers (also simply referred to as telescopic covers) work well at equal intervals by means of a link mechanism called a pantograph, and each part of the cover works well and operates at high speed with little noise caused by collision between covers. (Patent document 1).

JP 2006-305678 A

  Since the telescopic cover may not be regularly maintained or difficult to lubricate, it may be difficult to operate for long periods of time or due to increased sliding resistance of the telescopic cover when the lubricating oil is consumed by cutting fluid. Increase in feed shaft load and abnormal wear. If the operation is continued under such circumstances, in the worst case, the machine may be stopped.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a telescopic cover device capable of realizing stable operation and minimizing machine stop time.

  A telescopic cover device according to the present invention includes a plurality of cover bodies, and in a telescopic cover device that telescopically expands and contracts when a plurality of covers are interlocked with movement of a moving body of a mechanical device, portions of the cover bodies that contact each other A sliding member is attached to the sliding member, and a sliding resistance measuring device is provided on the sliding member. Based on the sliding resistance measurement value obtained by the sliding resistance measuring device, it is determined whether the expansion / contraction operation is abnormal. It is characterized by having an abnormality detection function.

  According to the telescopic cover device of the present invention, since the sliding members are attached to the portions of the cover bodies that contact each other, the cover bodies can slide stably, By determining whether or not an abnormal state occurs based on the resistance measurement value, maintenance or replacement can be promoted, and the machine stop time can be minimized.

  The cover body fixed to the mechanical device among the plurality of cover bodies is a frame body composed of a pair of inverted U-shaped intermediate bodies arranged in opposition to each other and a connecting material that connects these intermediate bodies, It is preferable that a plate-like member that covers the outer periphery of the frame body and a fixing member for fixing to the mechanical device are provided.

  If it does in this way, the fixed cover of a telescopic cover apparatus can be firmly fixed to a mechanical apparatus, and each cover body can slide more stably.

  According to the telescopic cover device of the first aspect, when the sliding resistance increase of the telescopic cover device is detected during use of the machine, maintenance or replacement can be promoted, and the machine stop time can be minimized.

  Further, according to the telescopic cover device of the second aspect, each cover body can be stably slid by adopting a structure in which the rigidity of the cover is increased, and more accurate sliding resistance measurement is possible. This further contributes to the reduction of machine stop time.

FIG. 1 is a bottom view of a telescopic cover device according to an embodiment of the present invention and shows a contracted state. FIG. 2 is a bottom view of an embodiment of the telescopic cover device of the present invention, and shows an extended state. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing the fixed cover body. FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the sliding member. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a main part of the abnormality detection function.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the telescopic cover device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following description, the direction in which the telescopic cover device extends (upward in FIGS. 1 and 2 and the left in FIG. 4) is the front, and the direction in which the telescopic cover device contracts (the lower in FIGS. 1 and 2 and the right in FIG. 4). Let's call it after. In addition, the top / bottom / left / right in FIG.

  The telescopic cover device (1) is obtained by adding the sliding resistance measuring device (6) and the sliding resistance abnormality determining means (9) shown in FIG. 7 to the telescopic cover (2) shown in FIGS. It is.

  The telescopic cover (2) has a plurality of cover bodies (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) combined so as to be relatively movable back and forth, and these cover bodies (11 ), (12), (13), (14), and (15), the entire telescopic cover (2) expands and contracts in the front-rear direction. In the illustrated example, the largest cover body (11) is the fixed cover body, and smaller movable cover bodies (12), (13), (14), and (15) are sequentially placed on the front side of the fixed cover body (11). Overlaid, it has a five-stage structure up to the smallest cover body (15).

  The cover body (11), (12), (13), (14), and (15) have an inverted U-shape when viewed from the front-rear direction (stretching direction), and have a shape in which an inward protruding edge is formed at the lower end. Has been.

  Expansion and contraction in the front-rear direction of the cover body (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) is achieved by the pantograph (16) of the cross-link mechanism in which the connecting bar (17) is connected by the connecting pins (18) (19). Has been done by.

  Of the connecting pins (18) and (19) that are rotatably inserted at the intersections of the connecting bars (17), the pantograph (16) includes pins (18) located at the left and right center portions of the cover bodies (11). It is attached to the telescopic cover (2) by being fixed to (12) (13) (14) (15).

  The front end of the cover body (11) (12) (13) (14) excluding the smallest cover body (15) is attached to the outer surface of the cover body (12) (13) (14) (15) inside it. A wiper (20) in sliding contact is provided.

  Between the cover bodies (11), (12), (13), (14), and (15) adjacent to the inside and outside, a sliding member (21) is provided on each of the side part, the upper part, and the lower part. Each sliding member (21) slides on the adjacent cover body (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) when the cover body (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) is extended. The moving members (21) are in contact with each other, and are arranged so as to restrict further extension of the cover bodies (11) (12) (13) (14) (15).

  As shown in FIG. 5, the fixed cover body (11) includes a frame body (31) made of a metal hollow or solid member, and a side surface, an upper surface and a lower surface covering the outer periphery of the frame body (31). It consists of plate-like members (32), (33) and (34) and two types (first and second) fixing members (35) and (36) for fixing the telescopic cover (2) to the machine.

  The frame (31) includes a pair of inverted U-shaped intermediate bodies (41) arranged so as to face each other in the front-rear direction, and a plurality of connecting members (42) (43) that connect the intermediate bodies (41) to each other. (44) Each intermediate body (41) includes a pair of left and right vertical members (41a), a long upper horizontal member (41b) connecting the upper ends of the left and right vertical members (41a), and each left and right vertical member (41a ) And a short lower cross member (41c) projecting from the lower end portion toward the opposite vertical member (41a).

  As a plurality of connecting members (42), (43) and (44), it is fixed to the left and right upper connecting members (42) that connect the upper cross members (41b) to each other and the vertical members (41a) of the lower cross members (41c). The left and right fixed end side lower connecting members (43) that connect the end portions on the left side and the left and right end portions that are not fixed to the vertical members (41a) of the lower cross member (41c) A free end side lower connecting member (44) is used.

  The frame (31) is formed by mutually fixing the intermediate body (41) and the connecting members (42) (43) (44) by bolts, welding, etc. The plate member (32) on the side surface covering the left and right side surfaces of the body (31), the plate member (33) on the upper surface covering the upper surface of the frame (31), and the plate member on the lower surface covering the lower surface of the frame (31) A member (34) is provided. The plate-like members (32), (33), and (34) are fixed to the frame (31) by all-around welding, a combination of a sealant and a bolt, or the like so that no fluid leaks. The size of the frame (31) is arbitrary, and is determined by the size of the mechanical device to be attached.

  The first fixing member (35) has an inverted U-shape when viewed from the front-rear direction (stretching direction), as with each cover body (11) (12) (13) (14) (15). It has a shape in which an inward protruding edge is formed on the part, and has a plate shape larger than the area formed by the intermediate body (41), and is fixed to the rear end surface of the frame body (31) by bolts or welding. ing.

  The second fixing member (36) has a narrow rectangular plate shape, and is fixed to the end portion on the free end side of the left and right horizontal members (41c) under the frame (31).

  Although not shown, the first fixing member (35) is fixed to a non-moving part on the front surface of the machine, and the second fixing member (36) is a telescopic cover (2) as shown in FIG. It is fastened by a bolt (37) or the like to the non-moving part (3) of the machine that also serves as a guide stand. The cover body (15) is fastened by a bolt or the like to a moving body (for example, tool post) of the mechanical device. With this arrangement, the telescopic cover (2) expands and contracts with the operation of the mechanical device.

  As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 6, each sliding member (21) has a laminated structure of a metal reinforcing member (51) and a low friction sliding member (52). The reinforcing member (51) is provided with a screw hole (54) in a penetrating manner.

  In FIG. 6, the sliding member (21) is a screw provided on a relatively outer cover body (11) (12) (13) (14) (the second cover body (14) from the inside is shown). The screw (53) inserted through the insertion hole (55) is screwed into the screw hole (54) of the reinforcing member (51), so that the low friction sliding member (52) is covered with the cover body (12) ( 13) (14) (15) (in this example, the innermost cover body (15)) is relatively fixed to the outer cover body (14) so as to be in intimate contact. The screw (53) is a flat head screw or the like, and the head of the cover (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) can be slid without interfering with each other. ) (12) (13) (14) (15).

  The sliding member (21) disposed at the lower part of the cover body (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) is provided on each cover body (11) (12) (13) (14) (15). It is mechanically fixed by a bolt or the like to the tip of the protruding edge provided at the bottom. The sliding member (21) is also disposed on the side and upper portions of each cover body (11) (12) (13) (14) (15). By performing such an arrangement, the cover bodies (11), (12), (13), (14), and (15) can slide stably while maintaining their mutual positions.

  The sliding member (21) is relatively fixed to the inner cover body (12) (13) (14) (15) and closely attached to the outer cover body (11) (12) (13) (14). Of course you may make it let.

  In FIG. 4, the sliding member (21) arranged on the front side above the cover bodies (11), (12), (13), (14), and (15) has a relatively outer cover body (11) ( 12) (13) (14) is fixed to the sliding member (21) arranged on the rear side on the upper side of each cover body (11) (12) (13) (14) (15), The inner cover body (12) (13) (14) (15) is relatively fixed.

  By providing the sliding member (21) on the cover body (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) sliding while contacting each other, for example, the connecting bar (17) of the pantograph (16) Even when the connecting pin (18) (19) is damaged and the cover body (12) (13) (14) (15) that does not move because power is not transmitted occurs, the cover body (12 ) (13) (14) (15) sliding member (21) and moving cover body (12) (13) (14) (15) sliding member (21) The body (12) (13) (14) (15) is prevented from falling off.

  As the low friction sliding member (52) of the sliding member (21), it is desirable to employ a fluororesin that has low friction and has stable physical properties with respect to the cutting fluid used during processing. The fluororesin is fixed to the metal member (51) by welding, bonding, bolts, caulking, or the like.

  The feed shaft system including the telescopic cover (2) includes a moving body to which the telescopic cover (2) is attached, a ball screw for driving the moving body, a bearing for supporting the ball screw, a driving motor, a ball screw and a driving motor. Includes couplings to connect. There are two types of speeds at which the feed axis system moves: a cutting feed speed that moves the moving body during cutting and a rapid feed speed that is faster than the cutting feed speed. The cutting feed rate can vary widely from a low speed range such as 0.1 mm / min to a medium speed range such as 500 mm / min by changing the command value according to the desired machining conditions. Further, the rapid feed speed is operated at a speed (for example, 20000 mm / min) determined in advance by the machine configuration.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the feed shaft system (4) is provided with a load detection device (5), and the load of the feed shaft system (4) is set to a predetermined value in the control device (7) of the mechanical device. Overload determination means (8) for determining whether or not the threshold is exceeded is provided. The reference value setting means (10) stores the instantaneous maximum torque value of the drive motor, and the overload determination means (8) sets the load torque measurement value and reference value setting obtained by the load detection device (5). The instantaneous maximum torque value stored in the means (10) is compared, and when the measured load torque value is large, it is determined as abnormal, the drive motor operation is stopped, an alarm is issued, and a warning is given to the machine operator. Processing is performed.

  Thus, by monitoring the load of the feed shaft system (4), a failure of the components of the feed shaft system (4) is detected, and a fatal damage to the drive motor is prevented.

  The telescopic cover device (1) of this embodiment includes a slide provided for the telescopic cover (2) in addition to the load detection device (5) and the overload determination means (7) of the feed shaft system (4). A dynamic resistance measuring device (6) and a sliding resistance abnormality determining means (9) are added.

  The sliding resistance measuring device (6) is attached to the sliding member (21), and the cover body (11), (12), (13) that comes into contact with the sliding member (21) when the telescopic cover (2) expands and contracts. ) (14) Measure the sliding resistance generated between (15) and (15). As the sliding resistance measuring device (6), a device composed of a strain gauge for detecting deformation (strain) of the sliding member (21), a piezoelectric element, or the like can be used. The sliding resistance measuring device (6) need not be provided for all the sliding members (21), and may be provided for the sliding member (21) selected as appropriate.

  In the sliding resistance abnormality determining means (9), the sliding resistance measurement value obtained by the sliding resistance measuring device (6) is compared with the reference sliding resistance value stored in the reference value setting means (10), When the sliding resistance measurement value is large, it is determined as abnormal.

  Conventionally, the abnormality of the telescopic cover device (1) has been determined by the overload determining means (8) of the feed shaft system (4). In other words, when the total load of the feed shaft system (4) did not exceed the predetermined value, it was not determined that there was an abnormality even if the sliding resistance of the telescopic cover (2) increased. In this embodiment, by determining the sliding resistance measurement value of the telescopic cover (2) by the sliding resistance abnormality determining means (9), the abnormality of the telescopic cover device (1) is determined and determined as abnormal. In the event of an alarm, an alarm is issued.

  When a machine equipped with the telescopic cover device (1) is operated using a certain NC program, the detection load of the feed shaft system (4) is normal within the range that does not lead to machine stoppage. If the value rises slightly relative to the driving value, a malfunction of the telescopic cover (2) is suspected. That is, there is a possibility that the telescopic cover (2) does not perform stable expansion and contraction due to the following state.

  For example, during operations such as exchanging tools or removing workpieces to retract the moving object to the end of the machine feed axis, it may be operated at a fast feed speed to reduce the time during which machining is not performed. When the shaft system (4) is driven, the posture of the movable cover bodies (12), (13), (14), and (15) tends to change with acceleration / deceleration. If any of the movable cover bodies (12) (13) (14) (15) is significantly inclined with respect to the other cover bodies (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) Further, the contact pressure of the cover bodies (12), (13), (14), and (15) locally increases the surface pressure, resulting in an increase in sliding resistance.

  In addition, the chips generated by cutting the metal material enter the telescopic cover (2), and the gap between the cover bodies (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) The moving part may be bitten. The resin material softer than the chips is scraped off, and the cover bodies (11), (12), (13), (14), and (15) are brought into contact with each other through the chips. In addition, since the chip is harder than the cover body (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) by work hardening, the chip and the cover body (11) (12) (13) (14) ( 15) Abrasive wear occurs and the sliding resistance value increases.

  According to the telescopic cover device (1) of this embodiment, the increase in sliding resistance is not only an increase in the load on the feed shaft system (4), but also a sliding resistance measuring device provided on the sliding member (21) ( It is also detected by 6). The sliding resistance value detected by the sliding resistance measuring device (6) is transferred to and stored in a storage area mounted on the machine body. The storage area reference value setting means (10) stores the sliding resistance value of the telescopic cover device (2) measured at the time of inspection before machine shipment, and is detected by the sliding resistance abnormality determining means (9). It is compared with the measured value, and it is determined whether or not the telescopic cover device (2) is in an abnormal state.

  Thus, the feed shaft system (4) suspected of failure of the telescopic cover device (1) is detected, and at the same time, the cover body (11) (12) (13) (14) ( When an increase in the sliding resistance value during 15) is detected, a warning is given to the machine operator using warning means provided in the machine control device (7) as a failure of the telescopic cover (2). As a result, it is possible to detect an abnormality of the telescopic cover (2) alone, and based on this warning, maintenance such as supply of lubricating oil of the telescopic cover (2) or the damaged cover body (11) (12 ) (13) (14) (15) can be replaced to remove the abnormality at an early stage.

  Depending on the feed speed, the vibrational sliding resistance change due to the posture change is considered to be large, and the rigidity of the fixed cover body (11) is increased, so that the movable cover body (12) (13) (14) ( The posture change due to the inclination of 15) is suppressed, and the expansion / contraction operation is stabilized, whereby the influence of the sliding resistance change is suppressed, and a stable sliding resistance value can be measured.

  In the above description, the telescopic cover device (1) having the pantograph (16) is shown, but the pantograph (16) may be omitted. In this case, according to the arrangement of the sliding member (21), as the moving body moves, the cover body (15) fixed thereto moves, and the sliding member provided on the cover body (15) (21) comes into contact with the sliding member (21) of the next cover body (14), hooks the cover body (14) to extend and retract the cover body (14), and further, this cover body (14) The sliding member (21) provided on the cover abuts against the sliding member (21) of the next cover body (13), and the cover body (13) can be hooked to expand and contract the cover body (13). The cover bodies (11), (12), (13), (14), and (15) can contribute to the expansion and contraction operation while keeping the relative distance constant.

(1): Telescopic cover device
(2): Telescopic cover
(3): Fixed part of machinery
(6): Sliding resistance measuring device
(9): Sliding resistance abnormality judgment means
(11): Fixed cover body
(12) (13) (14) (15): Movable cover body
(21): Sliding member
(31): Frame
(32): Plate member on the side
(33): Top plate member
(34): Bottom plate-like member
(35): Rear end fixing member
(36): Lower fixing member
(41): Intermediate
(42): Upper connecting material
(43): Outer lower connecting material
(44): Inner lower connecting material

Claims (2)

In a telescopic cover device that includes a plurality of cover bodies and that telescopically expands and contracts in conjunction with movement of the moving body of the mechanical device,
A sliding member is attached to a portion of each cover body that contacts each other, and a sliding resistance measuring device is provided on the sliding member. Based on the sliding resistance measurement value obtained by the sliding resistance measuring device. The telescopic cover device is provided with an abnormality detection function for determining whether the expansion / contraction operation is abnormal.   The cover body fixed to the mechanical device among the plurality of cover bodies is a frame body composed of a pair of inverted U-shaped intermediate bodies arranged in opposition to each other and a connecting material that connects these intermediate bodies, A telescopic cover device comprising: a plate-like member covering an outer periphery of a frame body; and a fixing member for fixing to a mechanical device.

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