JP2018016022A - Regeneration processing device for plastic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a regeneration processing device for plastic waste capable of safely processing the plastic waste without excess cooling of a heated air even if an ambient air is taken in.SOLUTION: A regeneration processing device 1 for plastic waste comprises: a treatment tank 7; a partition plate 8; a front space part 9; a rear space part 10; a heating means 11 equipped with plural nichrome wires 23; a blower 12; a duct 19; a charge port 14; a softening treatment part 16; a thermal decomposition treatment part 13; an exhaust valve 20; and an outside air supply tube 21 supplying an outside air to the nichrome wire 23. Besides, the device comprises a retention means 22 retaining a heated air between the heating means 11 and the blower 12.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste plastic recycling apparatus.

  Conventionally, in boxes, stores, factories, etc., plastic boxes such as polystyrene foam, packaging materials, etc. are used for transporting seafood, precision parts, and the like. The box, packaging material, and the like are discarded as waste plastic after use. However, since the amount thereof becomes enormous, an apparatus for reducing the volume of the waste plastic and processing it is known.

  The apparatus melts and reduces the volume of waste plastic by blowing heated air heated by heating means such as nichrome wire on the waste plastic, and circulates the heated air inside the heating means. The processing efficiency is improved by reheating by the above. According to the apparatus, when the waste plastic is reduced in volume and processed, the polymer is not completely thermally decomposed, and a part of the polymer chain is left as a plastic product of the same kind or other plastic product. It can be processed into a reproducible state.

  For example, in the case of polystyrene foam which is a polystyrene foam, polystyrene is completely pyrolyzed when heat-treated at a temperature of 200 to 240 ° C., but part of the polymer chain of polystyrene is heat-treated at a temperature of about 180 ° C. Remains, and an ingot processed to be reproducible can be obtained. The ingot is processed into recycled pellets, and polystyrene foam can be produced from the recycled pellets again, or the recycled pellets can be reused as other plastic products.

  However, when the heated air is circulated through the heating means, there is a problem that the nichrome wire provided in the heating means overheats and breaks in a short time. Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, a device is known in which a part of the heated air is exhausted to the outside of the device, while low temperature air is taken into the device from the outside and applied to the nichrome wire. (See Patent Document 1).

  When doing so, the nichrome wire is cooled by the low-temperature air taken into the apparatus from the outside, so that disconnection due to overheating can be avoided.

Japanese Patent No. 4118937

  However, if cold air is introduced into the apparatus from the outside and applied to the nichrome wire, there is a disadvantage that the heated air is also cooled and the waste plastic cannot be processed.

  The present invention eliminates such inconvenience, and even if low-temperature air is introduced from the outside into the apparatus, the heated air is not excessively cooled, and the waste plastic can be treated without any problem. An object of the present invention is to provide a waste plastic recycling apparatus that can be used.

  In order to achieve this object, a waste plastic recycling apparatus of the present invention comprises a rectangular parallelepiped treatment tank comprising a pair of side plates, a bottom plate, and a top plate facing each other, a front plate and a back plate, A partition plate provided between the side plates and the bottom plate, a front space formed between the partition plate and the front plate, the partition plate and the back plate, A back space formed between the heating device, a heating unit provided at the upper part of the back space unit and provided with a plurality of nichrome wires, and heated air provided at the lower part of the back space unit and heated by the heating unit. A blowing means for blowing air downward, a duct for guiding the heated air in the front space portion to the heating means, and an input port for opening and closing the waste plastic provided in the upper portion of the front space portion so as to be opened and closed. , Provided at the bottom of the front space, and introduced from the inlet The waste plastic is softened by the heated air and is provided at the bottom of the back space, and a part of the waste plastic softened by the softening part is thermally decomposed and regenerated. A pyrolysis treatment section for generating an ingot; an exhaust means for exhausting a part of the heated air to the outside of the treatment tank; and an outside air supply means for supplying outside air to the nichrome wire provided in the heating means. A waste plastic recycling apparatus comprising: a retention means provided between the heating means and the blower means for retaining the heated air.

  In the waste plastic recycling apparatus of the present invention, a rectangular parallelepiped treatment tank is divided into a front space part and a back space part by the partition plate, and a heating means including a plurality of nichrome wires in the back space part, and a blower means And are provided. The blowing means sucks the heated air heated by the heating means and blows it downward, and introduces the heated air into the front space portion from below the partition plate.

  The waste plastic recycling apparatus of the present invention further includes a duct that guides the heated air introduced into the front space by the blowing means to the heating means. As a result, a circulation path is formed in which the heated air heated by the heating means is introduced into the front space portion from below the partition plate and circulated from the front space portion to the heating means via the duct. .

  On the other hand, a top of the front space portion is provided with an opening for opening and closing waste plastic into the treatment tank, and the waste plastic introduced from the insertion port is first placed at the bottom of the front space portion. The softening process is performed by the heated air in the provided softening unit. The waste plastic that has been softened is then moved to a thermal decomposition treatment section provided at the bottom of the back space.

  The thermal decomposition processing unit is located at a higher temperature than the softening processing unit in the heating air circulation path, and the waste plastic can be regenerated by being partially decomposed by the thermal decomposition processing unit. Ingot is generated.

  By the way, when the heated air heated by the heating means provided in the back space portion as described above is circulated to the heating means by the duct through the thermal decomposition treatment section and the softening treatment section, the heating means The nichrome wire provided in the means may be overheated and disconnected in a short time. Therefore, a part of the heated air is exhausted to the outside of the processing tank by the exhaust unit, and the outside air is supplied from the external air supply unit to the nichrome wire provided in the heating unit. If it does in this way, since the external temperature lower than the said heating air will be taken in the inside of the said processing tank and will be applied to the said nichrome wire, the overheating of this nichrome wire can be reduced and the lifetime can be lengthened.

  However, if outside air is supplied from the outside air supply means, the heated air is also cooled, and there is a concern that the waste plastic cannot be processed. Therefore, in the waste plastic recycling apparatus of the present invention, a retention means is provided between the heating means and the air blowing means so that the heated air is retained.

  As a result, according to the waste plastic recycling apparatus of the present invention, the heated air cooled by the outside air is reheated while being retained by the retention means and is not excessively cooled. The waste plastic can be processed without hindrance.

  In the waste plastic recycling apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the staying means is composed of a plurality of fins protruding alternately from the partition plate and the back plate. When doing so, the heated air meanders and flows through the staying means by the plurality of fins, and the staying time can be extended. Further, since the plurality of fins themselves can also be heated and kept warm, the staying heated air can be easily reheated.

  The waste plastic recycling apparatus according to the present invention further comprises a receiving box insertion opening for inserting a receiving box for storing the waste plastic into the softening processing unit at a lower portion of the front plate, while the receiving box is subjected to the pyrolysis treatment. It is preferable that a receiving box outlet to be taken out from the part is provided at the lower part of the side plate.

  The receiving box is first inserted into the softening processing part through the receiving box insertion opening provided at the lower part of the front plate, and accommodates the waste plastic that is supplied from the charging opening in the softening processing part. Next, when the waste plastic is softened, the receiving box is moved to the thermal decomposition processing unit. And when the said waste plastic is thermally decomposed, the said receiving box will be taken out from the said receiving box outlet provided in the lower part of the said side plate.

  When doing in this way, the said receiving box inserted from the front side of the said processing tank can be taken out from the side surface side of this processing tank. Therefore, in the waste plastic recycling apparatus of the present invention, the rear surface of the processing tank and the side surface facing the side plate provided with the receiving box outlet can be arranged so as to be in contact with the wall surface of a building or the like without a gap. it can.

  In the waste plastic recycling apparatus of the present invention, the waste plastic is preferably polystyrene, for example.

The perspective view which shows the structure of the waste plastic reproduction | regeneration processing apparatus of this invention. The typical sectional view showing the composition of the waste plastic reproduction processing device of the present invention. The typical top view which shows the structure of the waste plastic reproduction | regeneration processing apparatus of this invention. Explanatory drawing explaining the movement of the receiving box in the waste plastic reproduction | regeneration processing apparatus of this invention.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the waste plastic recycling apparatus 1 of the present embodiment includes a front plate 2 and a back plate 3, and a pair of side plates 4 a and 4 b, a bottom plate 5, and a top plate 6. A rectangular parallelepiped treatment tank 7 is provided. A partition plate 8 is provided between the side plates 4 a and 4 b of the processing tank 7 with a space between the bottom plate 5 and a front space portion 9 is formed between the partition plate 8 and the front plate 2. A back space 10 is formed between the partition plate 8 and the back plate 3.

  A heating means 11 is provided in the upper part of the back space 10, and a plurality of nichrome wires (shown as 23 in FIG. 3) are provided inside the heating means 11. Further, a blower 12 as a blowing unit that sucks heated air heated by the heating unit 11 and blows it downward is provided at the lower part of the back space unit 10, and the bottom of the back space unit 10 below the blower 12 is heated. The decomposition processing unit 13 is used.

  An inlet 14 for introducing waste plastic into the processing tank 7 is provided in the upper part of the front space portion 9, and the inlet 14 can be opened and closed by an open / close door 14a. The front space 9 below the inlet 14 is provided with a hopper 15 that guides the waste plastic introduced from the inlet 14 downward, and the bottom of the front space 9 below the hopper 15 is the softening processing section. It is set to 16. The softening processing unit 16 communicates with the thermal decomposition processing unit 13 through a gap between the partition plate 8 and the bottom plate 5.

  In addition, a receiving box insertion port 17 is provided below the front plate 2 to insert a receiving box B containing waste plastic into the softening processing section 16, and the receiving box B is pyrolyzed at the lower part of the side plate 4a. A receiving box outlet 18 for taking out from the portion 13 is provided. The receiving box insertion port 17 and the receiving box outlet 18 can be opened and closed by opening and closing doors 17a and 18a, respectively.

  In addition, a duct 19 that communicates the front space portion 9 and the back space portion 10 is provided in the upper portion of the processing tank 7, and the duct 19 is connected to the heating means 11. As a result, the heated air heated by the heating means 11 is blown by the blower 12 to form a circulation path that is circulated to the heating means 11 via the thermal decomposition processing unit 13, the softening processing unit 16, the hopper 15, and the duct 19. Has been.

  Further, the top plate 6 is provided with an exhaust valve 20 as an exhaust means for exhausting a part of the heated air in the treatment tank 7 to the outside, and the back plate 3 is connected to the nichrome wire 23 provided in the heating means 11. An outside air supply pipe 21 is provided as outside air supply means for supplying outside air.

  Furthermore, between the heating means 11 and the blower 12 in the back space 10, there are fins 8 a protruding from the partition plate 8 toward the back plate 3 and fins 3 a protruding from the back plate 3 toward the partition plate 8. A plurality are provided. The fin 8 a has a gap with the back plate 3, and the fin 3 a has a gap with the partition plate 8.

  As a result, the staying means 22 is formed by the fins 3a and 8a, and the heated air heated by the heating means 11 moves from the heating means 11 to the blower 12 toward the fins 3a and 8a as shown by arrows in FIG. It meanders along and stays between the heating means 11 and the blower 12.

  Next, the operation of the waste plastic recycling apparatus 1 of this embodiment will be described.

  The waste plastic recycling apparatus 1 of the present embodiment can be suitably used for processing, for example, boxes made of polystyrene foam, packaging materials, etc. used for transporting seafood, precision parts, etc. in markets, stores, factories and the like. .

  In the waste plastic recycling apparatus 1, first, the heating means 11 and the blower 12 are operated in a state where the receiving boxes B are arranged in the thermal decomposition processing section 13 and the softening processing section 16, respectively, and the air in the processing tank 7 is heated. 11 is heated to form heated air, and the heated air is sucked by the blower 12 and blown downward. In this way, the heated air is circulated to the heating means 11 through the thermal decomposition processing unit 13, the softening processing unit 16, the hopper 15, and the duct 19, and is reheated by the heating unit 11, so that the temperature gradually increases. Become.

  Therefore, when the temperature in the processing tank 7 reaches a predetermined temperature, for example, about 180 ° C., the opening / closing door 14a is opened, and a waste plastic such as a box made of polystyrene foam or packaging material is introduced from the insertion port 14 to open / close. Close the door 14a. The introduced waste plastic is accommodated in a receiving box B disposed in the softening processing section 16 via a hopper 15 and softened by the heated air.

  When the waste plastic accommodated in the receiving box B is sufficiently softened, the opening / closing door 18a is opened, the receiving box B arranged in the thermal decomposition processing unit 13 is taken out from the receiving box outlet 18, and the opening / closing door 18a is opened. close up. Next, the opening / closing door 17 a is opened, and a new receiving box B is inserted into the softening processing unit 16 from the receiving box insertion port 17. If it does in this way, the receiving box B arrange | positioned at the softening process part 16 will be pushed by the new receiving box B inserted from the receiving box insertion port 17, and will move to the thermal decomposition process part 13. FIG. When a new receiving box B is inserted into the softening processing unit 16, the open / close door 17a is closed.

  Next, in the same manner as described above, new waste plastic is introduced from the insertion port 14 and accommodated in the receiving box B arranged in the softening processing unit 16. In this case, the waste plastic previously softened by the softening processing unit 16 is received in the receiving box B disposed in the thermal decomposition processing unit 13 upstream of the softening processing unit 16 in the circulation path of the heated air. Inside, it is pyrolyzed with higher temperature heated air.

  Here, since the thermal decomposition temperature of polystyrene forming the foamed polystyrene is 200 to 240 ° C., the temperature of the heated air is about 180 ° C., so the box made of foamed polystyrene as the waste plastic, packaging material, etc. Is not completely pyrolyzed, but only a part thereof is pyrolyzed. As a result, a part of the polystyrene polymer chain remains, and a reproducible ingot is generated. Further, since the waste plastic has been softened in advance by the softening processing unit 16, a part of the waste plastic can be easily pyrolyzed by the heated air having a temperature of about 180 ° C.

  At this time, in the softening processing unit 16, the newly introduced waste plastic is softened. Therefore, after a recyclable ingot is generated by the thermal decomposition processing unit 13, the receiving box B arranged in the thermal decomposition processing unit 13 is taken out from the receiving box outlet 18, and the softening processing unit 16 is received from the receiving box insertion port 17. By inserting a new receiving box B and repeating the operation of inserting new waste plastic from the insertion port 14, the second and subsequent waste plastics can be processed.

  When the waste plastic treatment is repeated in this manner, the heated air in the treatment tank 7 gradually expands. However, since the waste plastic regeneration processing apparatus 1 includes the exhaust valve 20, a part of the expanded heated air is removed from the exhaust valve. 20 can be evacuated. When a part of the heated air is discharged from the exhaust valve 20, the inside of the processing tank 7 becomes negative with respect to the outside, so that external air is taken in from the outside air supply pipe 21.

  In the waste plastic recycling apparatus 1, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of nichrome wires 23 are arranged in the heating means 11, and the outside air supply pipe 21 is connected to the nichrome wires 23 in the circulation path of the heated air. Open upstream. Therefore, the outside air supplied from the outside air supply pipe 21 can be applied to the nichrome wire 23.

  Since the outside air supplied from the outside air supply pipe 21 is cooler than the heated air, the outside air can be applied to the nichrome wire 23 to reduce overheating of the nichrome wire 23 and prevent disconnection, thereby extending the life. it can. On the other hand, when the outside air is supplied from the outside air supply pipe 21, there is a concern that the heated air is also cooled and the waste plastic cannot be processed.

  However, in the waste plastic recycling apparatus 1, the staying means 22 is provided between the heating means 11 and the blower 12, and the heated air heated by the heating means 11 travels along the fins 3 a and 8 a of the staying means 22. It can be reheated during meandering and staying, and can be prevented from being overcooled. Therefore, even if outside air having a temperature lower than that of the heated air is taken into the treatment tank 7, the waste plastic can be treated without any trouble.

  Further, since the fins 3a and 8a are made of a material that is easily heated, such as a metal such as stainless steel, the fins 3a and 8a can be heated by themselves and kept warm, so that the staying heated air is easily reheated. be able to. In such a case, there is a concern that the temperature of the heated air rises excessively. In such a case, a temperature sensor connected to the power source of the nichrome wire 23 is provided, and the temperature sensor The power supply of the nichrome wire 23 may be turned on / off depending on the detected temperature. By turning on / off the power supply of the nichrome wire 23, power consumption can be saved.

Also, the waste plastic reproducing apparatus 1, when inserting the new receiving box B _N, as shown in FIG. 4, first, the thermal decomposition of the receiving boxes outlet 18 is provided in the lower portion of the side plates 4a The receiving box B ₁ arranged in the processing unit 13 is taken out. Next, insert the new receiving box B _N from the receiving boxes insertion opening 17 provided in the lower part of the front plate 2, press the receiving box B ₂ which are located in the softening unit 16 by receiving box B _N, As shown by the phantom line, the receiving box B ₂ is moved to the thermal decomposition processing unit 13, while a new receiving box B _N is arranged in the softening processing unit 16.

  When doing so, the receiving box B is inserted from the front plate 2 side, taken out from the side plate 4a side, and moved in the direction perpendicular to the plan view. Therefore, the waste plastic recycling apparatus 1 can arrange the back plate 3 of the treatment tank 7 in close contact with the building wall W1, while arranging the side plate 4b in close contact with the building wall W2. Since there is no need to provide a gap between the walls W1 and W2, it can be installed with a small area.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Waste plastic reproduction processing apparatus, 7 ... Processing tank, 8 ... Partition plate, 9 ... Front space part, 10 ... Back surface space part, 11 ... Heating means, 12 ... Blower, 13 ... Pyrolysis processing part, 14 ... Input port 16 ... Softening processing part, 19 ... Duct, 20 ... Exhaust valve, 21 ... Outside air supply pipe, 22 ... Residence means, 23 ... Nichrome wire.

Claims (4)

A rectangular parallelepiped treatment tank composed of a pair of side plates, a bottom plate and a top plate facing each other on the front plate and the back plate;
A partition plate provided between the pair of side plates and a gap with the bottom plate;
A front space formed between the partition plate and the front plate;
A back space formed between the partition plate and the back plate;
A heating means provided at an upper portion of the back space portion and provided with a plurality of nichrome wires;
A blowing means provided at a lower portion of the back space portion for sucking heated air heated by the heating means and blowing the air downward;
A duct for guiding heated air in the front space to the heating means;
An opening for opening and closing the waste plastic provided in the upper portion of the front space portion to the processing tank,
A softening treatment part provided at the bottom of the front space part, wherein the waste plastic introduced from the introduction port is softened by the heated air;
A thermal decomposition processing unit that is provided at the bottom of the back space, and a part of the waste plastic that has been softened by the softening processing unit is subjected to a thermal decomposition treatment to generate a recyclable ingot;
Exhaust means for exhausting a part of the heated air to the outside of the treatment tank;
A waste plastic recycling apparatus comprising an outside air supply means for supplying outside air to the nichrome wire provided in the heating means,
A waste plastic recycling apparatus, comprising a staying means provided between the heating means and the blower means for retaining the heated air.   2. The waste plastic recycling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the staying means comprises a plurality of fins protruding alternately from the partition plate and the back plate.   The waste plastic recycling apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a receiving box insertion opening for inserting a receiving box for storing the waste plastic into the softening processing part is provided at a lower portion of the front plate, A waste plastic recycling apparatus, comprising a receiving box outlet to be taken out from the thermal decomposition processing section at a lower portion of the side plate.   The waste plastic recycling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the waste plastic is polystyrene.