JP2018013489A - Device and method for removing cesium in turbid water - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device which drastically reduces a cesium contaminated waste generated in the processing for removing cesium from turbid water containing a suspended matter that absorbs radioactive cesium.SOLUTION: A cesium in turbid water removal device according to the present invention is non-adsorptive for a suspended matter in water, and includes: a filtering body 22 containing one of non-absorptivity particles 21 which can be dispersed or the non-absorptivity filters which can be cleaned; a turbid water supply part 24 for supplying a turbid water 10 containing a suspended matter 12 that absorbs radioactive cesium into the filtering body 22; a treatment water discharge part 26 for discharging a treatment water 14 filtered by the filtering body 22; a filtering body accommodation part 28 for accommodating the filtering body 22; a treatment side net part 30 for holding the filtering body having a net finer than the non-absorptivity particles 21 and rougher than the suspended matter 12; a cleaning water supply part 32 for supplying a cleaning water 16 to the filtering body 22; and a sewage discharge part 34 for discharging a cleaned water 18 containing the suspended matter 12 that passes the treatment side net part 30.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention includes radioactive cesium-adsorbed suspended matter generated in river and lake bottom sludge, decontamination washing water, etc. generated when a wide area is contaminated with radioactive cesium due to an accident at a nuclear power plant, etc. The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for removing cesium in muddy water, which is suitable for muddy water treatment.

  Water pollution is caused by cesium diffused in the nuclear accident, and many cesium ion adsorbents have been developed as countermeasures. However, it has become clear that most of the cesium released into the environment is adsorbed not by the ions but by the clay material in the soil to form a stable stationary body. Therefore, the problem of cesium contamination with respect to water is not the treatment of ionic cesium dissolved in water, but the direction of treatment of suspended substances mainly composed of clay substances adsorbing cesium has emerged.

  In general, a suspension is treated by a method of forming a precipitate using a flocculant, or a method of filtering and adsorbing with a substance having an adsorbing ability such as zeolite or activated carbon. Here, the coagulation sedimentation method can be used in an artificial limited space such as a pool. However, when the coagulation sedimentation method is used in lakes and rivers, there is a risk that a sedimentation tank layer with high cesium may be formed at the bottom, and there is a problem that it cannot be used.

On the other hand, the method of filtration with an adsorbent also has the merit of being able to adsorb and remove cesium ions in water that are very small. However, the adsorbent itself, which is required in a much larger amount than the amount of suspended material, takes in suspended material containing cesium, resulting in a problem of greatly increasing new radioactive waste.
Therefore, cesium-contaminated suspended water treatment technology that can be used in rivers and decontamination sites, and that can be taken out in a manageable state while minimizing the amount of new contaminants generated to remove suspended substances. Is needed.

Next, following the general explanation above, individual prior art documents will be listed and explained.
Non-Patent Document 1 points out that most of cesium is adsorbed by natural clay minerals and has almost no ionic state in water, and points out that the treatment of suspended substances in muddy water is important. . However, it does not go into the waste generated from the treatment.
Non-Patent Document 2 sees that the removal of suspended substances leads to the removal of cesium, but uses adsorbents, and solves the problem that these adsorbents become radioactive waste Not done.
Patent Document 1 points out that the separation of suspended substances is effective for the treatment of radioactive liquid waste, but does not mention the treatment of separation membranes that have adsorbed suspended substances.
Patent Documents 2 to 5 each describe a technique for cleaning a filter medium to which a suspended substance is attached. However, this is intended to regenerate the reduction in filtration capacity due to clogging of the filter medium, and suspended matter may remain on the surface of the filter medium as long as the clogging can be eliminated. Therefore, in order to perform cleaning effectively, technical factors such as that the particle size of the filter medium is all larger than the screen size of the filter and that the filter medium is detergency that does not adsorb suspended substances are not taken into consideration. .

JP 2013-2971 A JP 2001-58108 A JP 2004-167371 A JP 2007-29866 A JP 2011-183334 A

“Practical examination of methods for removing radioactive cesium contained in farmland soil by wet classification cleaning and natural minerals” The Journal of the Atomic Energy Society of Japan, Vol.11, No.4 (2012) 225-271 "Removal effect of radioactive Cs in water using paddock and the like in paddy field" Agricultural Research Institute Technical Report 214 (2013) 123-133

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and greatly reduces cesium-contaminated waste generated by muddy water treatment from muddy water containing suspended solids adsorbed with radioactive cesium generated in bottom sludge of rivers and lakes and decontamination washing water. An object is to provide an apparatus and a method for removing cesium in muddy water while reducing the amount.

  In the conventional adsorption of suspended solids on adsorbents and trapping of suspended solids by means of filter media having an adsorption function such as zeolite and activated carbon, the adsorbents and filter media become new cesium contaminants. Therefore, on the contrary, filtration is performed using a non-adsorbing substance with a smooth surface that does not have an adsorption function for suspended substances, that is, suspended substances adhering to the surface can be removed by washing with water or mechanical peeling. Done. Suspended substances collected and collected from the non-adsorbent filter medium are recovered by washing and classifying the suspended substances trapped between the filter medium and reusing the non-adsorbent substances of the filter medium. Only the product.

The turbid water cesium removing apparatus 20 of the present invention is, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, a non-adsorptive particle 21 or a non-adsorptive filter that can be washed and is non-adsorptive to suspended matter in water. Filter body 22 configured to include at least one, turbid water supply unit 24 for supplying turbid water 10 containing suspended solids 12 having adsorbed radioactive cesium to filter body 22, and treated water 14 filtered by filter body 22 A treated water discharge unit 26 for discharging, a filter body containing unit 28 for containing the filter body 22, and a processing side network part for holding the filter body having a finer mesh than the non-adsorbing particles 21 and coarser than the suspended substance 12. 30, a cleaning water supply unit 32 that supplies the cleaning water 16 to the filter body 22, and a sewage discharge unit 34 that discharges the washed water 18 containing the suspended solids 12 that has passed through the treatment-side net unit 30.
The discrete particles of the filter mean that the surface can be exposed in the process of cleaning and releasing the surface deposits, and the particles are connected with a string, and the washable voids. Also included are fibrous and membranous materials, laminates thereof, and combinations thereof. Further, the non-adsorbable filter that can be washed includes those using fibers and paper, and synthetic fibers such as nylon and polyethylene and natural fibers such as hemp and raw silk are used as the fibers.

The muddy water cesium removing apparatus according to the present invention includes a muddy water cesium removing unit 40 and a washing water unit 60, as shown in FIG.
The muddy water cesium removal unit 40 is non-adsorbing with respect to suspended substances in water, and includes at least one of discrete non-adsorbing particles 41 or washable non-adsorbing filters, a filter body 42, and filtration The turbid water supply part 44 for supplying the turbid water 10 containing the suspended substance 12 having adsorbed radioactive cesium to the body 42, the treated water discharge part 46 for discharging the treated water filtered by the filter body 42, and the filter body 42 are accommodated. The filter body accommodating portion 48, the processing side mesh portion 50 for holding the filter body having a finer mesh than the non-adsorbing particles 41, and the take-out opening 52 for taking in and out the filter body 42 from the filter body accommodating portion 48. Consists of including.
The washing water unit 60 includes a regeneration filter housing part 62 for housing the filter body 42 taken out from the filter body housing part 48, a washing water supply part 64 for supplying washing water to the filter body 42, and non-adsorbing particles. A regenerating net 66 for holding a filter body having a mesh finer than 41 and coarser than the suspended substance 12, and a sewage discharging unit for discharging washed water containing the suspended substance 12 that has passed through the regenerating net 66 68.

  In the turbid water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention, a filter body composed of non-adsorbable particles that can be separated, and components for washing the filtration layer constituting particles and taking out suspended substances captured between the particles. By separating the suspended substance that has adsorbed cesium in muddy water from the water, cesium in muddy water is reduced.

In the turbid water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention, preferably, the filter body (22, 42) has a tank-like structure that allows turbid water to flow into the filter body by at least one of gravity and pressure.
In the turbid water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention, preferably, the filter body (22, 42) has a layered filter body wrapped in a water-permeable container and is installed in the flow path.
In the turbid water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention, preferably, the non-adsorbable particles (21, 41) that can be dispersed are exposed to the surface of the individual particles during cleaning of the filter medium, and come into contact with the cleaning water.

In the turbid water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the filter preferably has a selective adsorptive substance that does not have the ability to adsorb suspended substances and has the ability to adsorb cesium ions in water. Cesium ion-adsorptive particles (23, 43) may be included.
In the turbid water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention, preferably, the cesium ion-adsorbing particles are non-adsorbable, which can be magnetized, and the surfaces of the individual particles are exposed during the cleaning of the filter medium. Contact with water.
In the turbid water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention, preferably, the selective adsorptive substance is mixed with non-adsorbable particles that can be dispersed, or constitutes all non-adsorbable particles that can be dispersed.

In the turbid water cesium removal apparatus of the present invention, preferably, the filter body containing portion having the above-mentioned tank-like structure, wherein the filter body contains the selective adsorbing substance, and the filter body containing portion contains the filter body. It is good that it is at least one of the forms incorporated in the auxiliary filter of a part or the packaging container of a filter body.
In the turbid water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention, preferably, the filter body can be discrete with the above cesium ion adsorbing particles (23, 43) and having no suspended substance adsorbing ability and no cesium ion adsorbing ability in water. And non-adsorptive particles (21, 41), and cesium ion adsorbent particles and non-adsorptive particles may have different shapes or sizes so that they can be separated after washing. .

  The method for removing cesium in muddy water according to the present invention is a method for removing muddy water 10 containing a suspended substance adsorbed with radioactive cesium, which is non-adsorbable with respect to the suspended substance in water and can be separated into non-adsorbable particles or non-washable particles. Supplying the filter body (22, 42) including at least one of the adsorptive filter, discharging the treated water 14 filtered by the filter body, and supplying the cleaning water 16 to the filter body. A step of washing the suspended substance 12 staying in the filter body, and a step of separating the suspended substance 12 from the washing water containing the suspended substance 12 and recovering radioactive cesium adsorbed on the suspended substance. It is characterized by having.

  According to the turbid water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention, a filter body constituted by non-adsorbable particles that can be separated, and the filtration layer constituting particles are washed, and suspended substances captured between the particles are taken out. By providing the constituent elements, the suspended matter that has adsorbed cesium in muddy water is separated from the water to reduce cesium in muddy water.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a muddy water cesium removing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a muddy water cesium removing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram in the case of applying the muddy water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention to the decontamination water treatment. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram when the turbid water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention is applied to muddy water treatment of rivers and the like. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram when the turbid water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention is applied to forest field decontamination assistance. FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a muddy water cesium removing apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7: is a schematic block diagram of the muddy water cesium removal apparatus which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a muddy water cesium removing apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, where (A) shows the overall structure and regeneration mode, and (B) shows the case of filtration mode. FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a muddy water cesium removing apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, where (A) shows a filtration mode and (B) shows a regeneration mode. FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view for explaining a detailed filtration mechanism of the filter body in the turbid water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention, where (A) is surface filtration, (B) is depth filtration, and (C) is cake filtration. Is shown.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a muddy water cesium removing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the turbid water cesium removing device 20 of the present invention includes a filter body 22, a turbid water supply section 24, a treated water discharge section 26, a filter body storage section 28, a treatment side network section 30, a washing water supply section 32, and a sewage discharge section. 34 is provided.
The turbid water 10 contains the suspended solid 12 adsorbed with radioactive cesium and contains, for example, about 40 to 4000 becquerel / l of radioactive cesium, but the content of radioactive cesium is not limited to this. The adsorption of radioactive cesium does not include ion adsorption. The treated water 14 is obtained by removing radioactive cesium from the muddy water 10 using the muddy water cesium removing device 20. The washing water 16 is for washing the filter body 22 treated with the turbid water 10 and may be used repeatedly containing radioactive cesium thinly. The washed water 18 collects cesium, which is a radioactive substance at a high concentration, and is reduced in volume.

The filter body 22 is constituted by non-adsorptive particles 21 that can be discrete. The non-adsorptive particles 21 are, for example, pulverized and classified cullet and have a particle size of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm, but the particle size range may be 0.5 mm to 10 mm. The cullet is “glass waste” that is once crushed when recycling glass products (soda-lime glass). The non-adsorptive particles 21 may be glass, ceramic, metal, or plastic as long as they do not adsorb water or radioactive cesium.
The discrete particles of the filter mean that the surface can be exposed in the process of cleaning and releasing the surface deposits, and the particles are connected with a string, and the washable voids. Also included are fibrous and membranous materials, laminates thereof, and combinations thereof.

The turbid water supply unit 24 supplies the turbid water 10 containing the suspended substance 12 having adsorbed radioactive cesium to the filter body 22. For example, when turbid water is continuously supplied, a pipe is used. A container such as a bucket is used when supplying to the container.
The treated water discharge unit 26 discharges the treated water 14 filtered by the filter body 22, and for example, a pipe having one end connected to the drain tank 18 is used. The treated water discharge unit 26 may be provided with a valve for closing the flow path.
The filter body accommodating part 28 accommodates the filter body 22, and various fixed-shaped housings and tank bodies such as a cylindrical shape and a box shape, and an indefinite shape filter bag are used depending on applications.

  The processing-side net part 30 has a finer mesh than the non-adsorbing particles 21 and a coarser mesh than the suspended substance 12, and is used to hold the filter body inside the filter body accommodating part 28. The opening of the mesh is, for example, not less than 0.1 mm and not more than 0.5 mm. If it is 0.1 mm or less, the opening is closed by the dust contained in the treated water 14, and it becomes necessary to frequently clean the treatment-side net unit 30. If it is 0.5 mm or more, the number of non-adsorptive particles 21 passing through the treatment-side net part 30 increases, and the work of returning the non-adsorptive particles 21 contained in the treated water 14 to the filter body accommodating part 28 increases.

The cleaning water supply unit 32 supplies the cleaning water 16 to the filter body 22. The washing water supply unit 32 operates in place of the muddy water supply unit 24 when the processing side network unit 30 is clogged by the muddy water supply from the muddy water supply unit 24 or when the suspended solid 12 is sufficiently adhered to the filter body 22. To do.
The sewage discharge unit 34 discharges the washed water 18 containing the suspended solids 12 that has passed through the processing side network unit 30. Since the washed water 18 contains a substance containing radioactive cesium at a high concentration, the solid content is separated by solid-liquid separation. This solid content contains radioactive cesium at a high concentration.
The muddy water supply unit 24 and the treated water discharge unit 26 are provided with, for example, an open / close valve in order to pass water in the filtration mode and stop water in the regeneration mode. In addition, the cleaning water supply unit 32 and the sewage discharge unit 34 are also provided with, for example, an on-off valve so as to pass water in the regeneration mode and stop water in the filtration mode.

Next, the operation of the apparatus configured as described above will be described.
The muddy water cesium removing apparatus of the present embodiment first uses the filter body 22 in the filtration mode. That is, the turbid water 10 containing the suspended substance 12 that has adsorbed radioactive cesium is supplied to the filter body 22 constituted by discrete non-adsorbing particles 21. Next, the treated water 14 filtered by the filter body 22 is discharged from the muddy water cesium removing device. This process is repeated until the processing-side net 30 is clogged by the supply of muddy water or the suspended solid 12 is sufficiently adhered to the filter body 22.
Next, it moves to the regeneration mode of the filter body 22. That is, the washing water is supplied to the filter body 22 to wash the suspended substances remaining in the filter body 22. Next, the suspension material 12 is separated from the washing water containing the suspension material 12, and the radioactive cesium adsorbed on the suspension material 12 is recovered.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a muddy water cesium removing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the muddy water cesium removing apparatus 20 of the present invention is constituted by a muddy water cesium removing unit 40 and a washing water unit 60.
The muddy water cesium removal unit 40 includes a filter body 42, a muddy water supply unit 44, a treated water discharge unit 46, a filter body storage unit 48, a treatment side net unit 50, and a take-out opening 52. Here, the filter body 42, the muddy water supply unit 44, the treated water discharge unit 46, the filter body storage unit 48, and the treatment side network unit 50 are respectively the filter body 22, the muddy water supply unit 24, the treated water discharge unit 26, The filter body accommodating portion 28 and the processing side net portion 30 are substantially the same.
That is, the filter body 42 is composed of non-adsorptive particles 41 that can be discrete. The non-adsorbing particles 41 are the same as the non-adsorbing particles 21 described above. The turbid water supply unit 44 supplies turbid water containing the suspended substance 12 having adsorbed radioactive cesium to the filter body 42. The treated water discharge unit 46 discharges the treated water filtered by the filter body 42. The filter body accommodating portion 48 accommodates the filter body 42. The processing-side net part 50 has a finer mesh than the non-adsorbing particles 41 and is used to hold the filter body 42 inside the filter body accommodating part 48. The take-out opening 52 is an opening for taking in and out the filter body 42 from the filter body accommodating part 48.

The washing water unit 60 includes a regeneration filter housing part 62, a washing water supply part 64, a regeneration net part 66, and a sewage discharge part 68. Here, the cleaning water supply unit 64 and the sewage discharge unit 68 are the same as the above-described cleaning water supply unit 32 and the sewage discharge unit 34, respectively. That is, the cleaning water supply unit 64 supplies the cleaning water to the filter body 42, and the sewage discharge unit 68 discharges the washed water 18 containing the suspended solids 12 that has passed through the regeneration net unit 66.
The regeneration filter housing part 62 houses the filter body 42 taken out from the filter body housing part 48 of the muddy water cesium removal unit 40. The regeneration mesh portion 66 is finer than the non-adsorbing particles 41 and has a coarser mesh than the suspended substance 12, and is used to hold the filter body 42 inside the regeneration filter housing portion 62.

Next, the operation of the apparatus configured as described above will be described.
In the muddy water cesium removing apparatus of the present embodiment, the filter body 42 is initially placed in the muddy water cesium removing unit 40 and used in the filtration mode. That is, the turbid water 10 containing the suspended solid 12 adsorbed with radioactive cesium is supplied to a filter body 42 constituted by non-adsorbable particles 41 that can be discrete. Next, the treated water 14 filtered by the filter body 42 is discharged from the muddy water cesium removing unit 40. This process is repeated until the processing-side net 30 is clogged by the supply of muddy water or the suspended solid 12 is sufficiently adhered to the filter body 42.

  Next, the filter body 42 is moved to the washing water unit 60 and the regeneration mode is entered. That is, the used filter body 42 is moved from the muddy water cesium removing unit 40 to the washing water unit 60. At this time, along with the movement of the used filter body 42, the gel-like suspended matter present in the gaps of the filter body 42 has thixotropic properties, and thus recovers the fluidity. Therefore, washing water is supplied to the filter body 42 to wash the suspended substance 12 staying in the filter body 42. Next, the suspension material 12 is separated from the washing water containing the suspension material 12, and the radioactive cesium adsorbed on the suspension material 12 is recovered. The regenerated filter body 42 can be recycled by returning it to the muddy water cesium removal unit 40.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram in the case of applying the muddy water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention to the decontamination water treatment.
It is based on the combination of the filtration tank (portable) as the filter body accommodating part 48 using the non-adsorptive filter medium 41 and the cesium removal apparatus of the non-adsorptive filter medium used in the said filter tank. First, the suspended water generated by the decontamination washing is pumped up on the spot, filtered in a non-adsorbing filtration tank, and the treated water obtained thereby is non- or low-contaminated, and is recycled for washing. Next, with respect to the used filtration tank, the cesium-containing suspended matter captured in the gap between the non-adsorbing filter media 42 is taken out by the cesium removing device. In this way, the washed filter medium is used again in the filter tank without becoming waste.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram when the turbid water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention is applied to muddy water treatment of rivers and the like.
Cesium-containing suspended matter deposited at the bottom of rivers and lakes may run out due to increased water. Therefore, a “decontamination bag” in which a non-adsorbent filter material is packed in a water-based bag is placed in the flow path at the outflow. The “decontamination bag” corresponds to the filter body container 48, and is left in the flow path for a long period of time, and is collected after there is a concern about the outflow of suspended solids due to water increase or the like. The collected decontamination bag takes out the cesium-containing suspended material captured in the gaps of the non-adsorbing filter medium by the muddy water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention.
In this way, the washed filter medium is used again in the decontamination bag without becoming waste.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram when the turbid water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention is applied to forest field decontamination assistance.
Decontamination of forests is often difficult due to the large number of standing trees, vegetation, and land undulations. However, cesium adhering to natural rainwater etc. is gradually flowing while adsorbed on the suspended matter.
Therefore, a “decontamination bag” in which a non-adsorbent filter material 41 is packed in a water-permeable bag is placed in a place where it is easy to form a waterway or a puddle in the forest, and an artificial hot spot is formed from which a cesium-containing suspension is formed. Collect turbid material. The “decontamination bag” corresponds to the filter body container 48 and is left in an artificial hot spot for a long period of time, and is collected after there is a concern about the outflow of suspended solids due to heavy rain. Then, the collected decontamination bag takes out the cesium-containing suspended matter captured in the gap between the non-adsorbing filter media 41 by the muddy water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention. The washed filter medium is used again in the decontamination bag without becoming waste.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a muddy water cesium removing apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. 6 that have the same functions as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. The filter body 22 has cesium ion adsorbing particles 23 in addition to the non-adsorbing particles 21 that can be discrete. The cesium ion adsorbent 23 has a selective adsorptive substance having an ability to adsorb cesium ions in water, and preferably has no ability to adsorb suspended substances. For example, natural minerals such as zeolite, Prussian blue, and highly ordered meso-porous monolith (HOM) are available. Zeolite is already used, but it is not preferable because it also adsorbs suspended solids. On the other hand, highly ordered mesobolus materials are non-adsorbing to suspended substances and are preferred over zeolites.
The non-adsorptive particles 21 that can be dispersed are made of a completely non-adsorptive substance that does not have the ability to adsorb suspended substances and does not have the ability to adsorb cesium ions in water. The non-adsorptive particles 21 and the cesium ion-adsorptive particles 23 that can be separated are preferably different in shape and size so that they can be separated after washing. Further, the cesium ion adsorbing particles 23 are non-adsorptive suspended substances that can be magnetized to the selective adsorbing substance, and the cesium ion adsorbing substance may be used as the filtering particles.
In this case, the selective adsorptive substance used for the cesium ion adsorbent 23 may be mixed with non-adsorbable particles that can be dispersed, or constitute all non-adsorbable particles that can be discrete. Further, the selective adsorptive substance may be incorporated in an auxiliary filter in a filtration tank or a filtration layer packaging container.

  FIG. 7: is a schematic block diagram of the muddy water cesium removal apparatus which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. 7 that have the same functions as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. The filter body 42 includes cesium ion adsorbing particles 43 in addition to the non-adsorbing particles 41 that can be discrete. The cesium ion adsorptive particles 43 are the same as the cesium ion adsorbent particles 23 described above.

As a turbid water cesium removing device, a tapered cylindrical container having a diameter of 80 mm and a height of 200 mm was used for the filter body accommodating portion. A 1.2 mmφ hole was made in the lower part of the cylindrical container as a filter body accommodating part. Subsequently, lead glass cullet is crushed and classified as a non-adsorbent filter material in a container covered with a tissue paper so that the filter body does not spill, and the size is 5 mm or less and 1 mm or more 1.5 kg To make a portable filtration tank. To this filtration tank, 1 liter of muddy water containing 41 Bq / L (liter) of radioactive cesium generated by washing the soil was poured, and gravity filtration was performed.
After filtration, the treated water is collected and the radiation dose is measured. The filter medium is taken out, washed on a 0.5 mm screen smaller than the particle diameter of the filter medium, the filter medium adhering matter is washed away, and the precipitate is washed from the washed water. Was removed with a filter, and the radiation dose of the precipitate was measured.

  In addition, using the same container, the same treatment was performed on the lead glass cullet having a particle diameter of 1 mm or less and 0.5 mm or more as a non-adsorbing filter medium, and similarly 0.1 mm smaller than the particle diameter. Filter material deposits were washed off on the sieve.

Table 1 shows the measurement results of radiation dose of muddy water, treated water, and used filter media when the cullet size is 5 mm or less and 1 mm or more. 1 liter of muddy water was treated. The treated water after filtration was transparent and no radioactive substance was detected. In addition, the suspended matter recovered after washing the filter medium had a high radiation dose concentration, and more than 90% of the cesium contained in the turbid water that was the filtrate stock solution could be recovered.

Table 2 shows the measurement results of the radiation dose of muddy water, treated water, and used filter media when the cullet size is 1 mm or less and 0.5 mm or more. The turbid water treated 2.9 liters.

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a muddy water cesium removing apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, where (A) shows the overall structure and regeneration mode, and (B) shows the case of filtration mode. 8 that have the same functions as those in FIGS. 1 and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
In the figure, the filter body accommodating portion 28 includes a lower open type variable filter body 282, a cylindrical housing portion 284, and a filter push base 286. The lower open type variable filter body 282 accommodates the filter body 22 and the cesium ion adsorbent body 23 therein, and has a structure that allows the filtered treated water to permeate the treated water discharge part 26 side. The lower open type variable filter body 282 has a hole in the funnel-shaped convex portion, and has a cylindrical shape, a bellows, a fold or the like with the convex portion as a bottom. The lower open-type variable filter body 282 has a surface area increased by such a shape, and has a structure in which filter bodies are laminated in one layer or multiple layers, and has a shape in which the surface can be washed. The cylindrical casing 284 surrounds the lower open variable filter body 282 and acts as a conduit for holding muddy water and treated water flowing into the muddy water cesium removing device. The filter pedestal 286 is arranged at a position extending downward from the hole in the bottom of the lowermost layer of the lower open type variable filter body 282, and is movable up and down.

The pump 25 acts as the muddy water supply unit 24, and pressurizes muddy water and sends it to the filter body 22 because the treated water discharge unit 26 is located above the filter body housing unit 28. Since the treated water discharge unit 26 that discharges treated water is provided at a position higher than the pump 25 that supplies muddy water, the flow rate of muddy water filtered by the lower open variable filter 282 becomes uniform.
The washing suspended substance reservoir 36 is connected to the sewage discharge section 34 and separates the sewage that has flowed into the liquid and stores it as a washing suspended substance 38.

Next, the operation of the apparatus configured as described above will be described.
In the regeneration mode, the washing water is allowed to flow from the upper part of the lower open type variable filter body 282 with the filter pedestal 286 positioned below and the bottom hole opened. Then, not only the clogged suspended substances between the filter bodies 22 but also the depth filtration precipitates located on the upper side of the individual filter bodies 22 are washed with the washing water, and the washing suspended substance reservoir 36 has been washed. Water can be poured.
At the time of the filtration mode, the tubular structure of the lower open type variable filter body 282 is pushed and shrunk into a fold-like structure by lifting the filter pusher 286 upward while closing the hole at the bottom of the lower open type variable filter body 282. The layer of the filter body 22 is made into a multi-layer structure with respect to the treated water flow, and the effect of filtration is achieved. Therefore, it is preferable to fold the lower open type variable filter body 282 in advance so that the lower open type variable filter body 282 can be easily folded in multiple layers.

FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a muddy water cesium removing apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, where (A) shows a filtration mode and (B) shows a regeneration mode. In the figure, the muddy water cesium removing apparatus 20 of the present embodiment includes a first tank unit 70 and a second tank unit 80.
The first tank unit 70 includes a turbid water supply part 72, an intermediate treated water discharge part 74, a first tank casing 76, a first tank opening 77, an intermediate process side net part 78, and a suspended substance precipitation holding part 79. Is done. Here, the turbid water supply unit 72 supplies the turbid water 10 containing the suspended solids 12 adsorbed with radioactive cesium to the filter body 22. The turbid water supply unit 72 passes water in the filtration mode and stops in the regeneration mode. A valve is used. The intermediate treated water discharge unit 74 is a conduit for sending the muddy water subjected to the intermediate treatment by the intermediate treatment side net unit 78 to the second tank unit 80.

The first tank casing 76 is a cylindrical casing that forms the outer shape of the first tank unit 70. The first tank opening 77 is an opening provided on the upper side of the first tank housing 76 and is used to take out the intermediate processing side net 78 and the suspended solid precipitation holding part 79. The first tank opening 77 may be provided with a lid and closed in the filtration mode to prevent stones, vegetation, and dust from entering the first tank casing 76.
The intermediate processing side net 78 removes dust, stones and vegetation having a large particle size contained in the muddy water from the muddy water, and the second tank unit 80 is accelerated by things other than the suspended matter 12 adsorbing radioactive cesium. Prevent blockage. The suspended substance precipitation holding unit 79 precipitates particles having a high precipitation rate among the dusts included in the intermediate treated water that has passed through the intermediate treatment side net unit 78.

  The second tank unit 80 includes a second tank housing part 82, a washing water supply part 84, an intermediate treatment water pump 85, a filter body storage part 86, a treatment water discharge part 88, a sewage discharge part 90, and a washing suspended substance reservoir 92. It consists of. The second tank casing 82 is a cylindrical casing that forms the outer shape of the second tank unit 80. The cleaning water supply unit 84 allows the cleaning water to flow through the second tank housing unit 82. The intermediate treatment water pump 85 sends the intermediate treatment water in which particles having a high precipitation rate are precipitated by the intermediate treatment side net part 78 and the suspended substance precipitation holding part 79 to the second tank housing part 82. The intermediate treated water pump 85 is preferably operated in the forward direction in the filtration mode and stopped in the regeneration mode because water flows in the filtration mode and stops in the regeneration mode. In addition, when reversely running the intermediate treated water to the first tank unit 70 in the regeneration mode, the intermediate treated water pump 85 may be operated in the reverse direction.

The filter body accommodating part 86 accommodates a filter body and non-adsorptive particles. The filter body accommodating portion 86 may include the lower open type variable filter body, the cylindrical housing portion, and the filter pedestal shown in FIG. The treated water discharge unit 88 discharges the treated water filtered by the filter body accommodating unit 86. The sewage discharge unit 90 discharges washed water containing suspended solids that have passed through the filter body storage unit 86. The cleaning suspended substance reservoir 92 stores a suspended substance containing a high concentration of radioactive cesium obtained by solid-liquid separation of the washed water from the sewage discharge unit 90.
Note that the cleaning water supply unit 84 and the sewage discharge unit 90 are also provided with, for example, an on-off valve in order to pass water in the regeneration mode and stop water in the filtration mode.

Next, the operation of the apparatus configured as described above will be described.
In the filtration mode, turbid water is sucked into the turbid water supply unit 72 and passes through the first tank unit 70 through a route exiting the intermediate treatment water discharge unit 74 through the intermediate treatment side net unit 78. By staying in the first tank unit 70, among the dust contained in the turbid water, particles having a high sedimentation rate are precipitated in the suspended substance precipitation holding unit 79, and the intermediate treated water is sent to the second tank unit 80.
In the second tank unit 80, the intermediate treated water is sent into the second tank casing 82 by the intermediate treated water pump 85, and the treated water is discharged from the treated water discharge part 88 through the filter body accommodating part 86. . In addition, suspended matter containing a high concentration of radioactive cesium contained in the intermediate treated water stays in the filter body accommodating portion 86.

In the regeneration mode, the cleaning water is supplied to the second tank unit 80 through the cleaning water supply unit 84. Then, the washing water rinses away the suspended matter containing the radioactive cesium retained in the filter body accommodating portion 86 in the filtration mode at a high concentration. Then, the washed water containing the suspended substance is sent to the washed suspended substance reservoir 92 via the sewage discharge unit 90.
In the first tank unit 70, the intermediate processing side net 78 and the suspended substance precipitation holding part 79 are taken out, and the dust accumulated on the intermediate processing side net 78 and the suspended substance held in the suspended substance precipitation holding part 79 are extracted. Remove. As a result, the intermediate processing side net part 78 and the suspended solids precipitation holding part 79 are regenerated and returned to the first tank unit 70 for use in the next filtration mode. In this case, the intermediate treated water pump 85 is operated in the reverse direction, and the washed water is sent back to the first tank unit 70 to be used for the regeneration of the intermediate treatment side net portion 78 and the suspended matter precipitation holding portion 79. Good.

Then, the detailed filtration mechanism of the filter body in the muddy water cesium removal apparatus of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view for explaining a detailed filtration mechanism of the filter body in the turbid water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention, where (A) is surface filtration, (B) is depth filtration, and (C) is cake filtration. Is shown.
Surface filtration is also called surface filtration and is a filtration mechanism that traps suspended or suspended substances in a fluid mainly on the surface of the filter.
The depth filtration is also referred to as depth filtration, and is a filtration mechanism that traps suspended or suspended substances not only on the surface of the filter but also inside the filter.
Cake filtration is a filtration mechanism in which the cake itself deposited on the filter surface acts as a filter.

  The above-described embodiments are merely examples of the present invention, and include various design changes within a range obvious to those skilled in the art.

  The turbid water cesium removal apparatus and method of the present invention is applicable to the bottom sludge of rivers and lakes and decontamination washing water generated when a wide area is contaminated with radioactive cesium due to an accident at a nuclear power plant or the like. It is suitable for use in the treatment of turbid water containing suspended substances adsorbed by the generated radioactive cesium.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Turbid water 12 Suspended substance 14 Treated water 16 Washed water 18 Washed water 20 Cesium removal device 21, 41 Non-adsorbent particles 22, 42 Filter body 23, 43 Cesium ion adsorbent particles 24, 44, 72 Turbid water supply section 26, 46, 88 Treated water discharge part 28, 48 Filter body accommodating part (filter tank)
30, 50 Treatment side net 32, 64, 84 Wash water supply 34, 68, 90 Waste water discharge 40 Muddy water cesium removal unit 52 Extraction opening 60 Wash water unit 62 Regeneration filter housing 66 Regeneration net

The muddy water cesium removal apparatus 20 of the present invention includes, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a filter body 22 that includes non-adsorbable particles 21 that are non-adsorbable and dispersible with respect to suspended substances in water. The turbid water supply unit 24 that supplies the turbid water 10 containing the suspended solid 12 having adsorbed radioactive cesium to the filter body 22, the treated water discharge unit 26 that discharges the treated water 14 filtered by the filter body 22, and the filter body 22. The filter body containing portion 28 for storing the filter, the processing side net portion 30 for holding the filter body having a mesh finer than the non-adsorbing particles 21 and rougher than the suspended substance 12, and the cleaning water 16 are supplied to the filter body 22. And a sewage discharge unit 34 for discharging the washed water 18 containing the suspended solids 12 that has passed through the treatment-side net unit 30, and the non-adsorbing particles pulverize and classify soda-lime glass. The particle size range is 0.5 mm Are those above 10mm or less, without using a cesium adsorbent, and wherein the removing suspended solids present in the turbid water.

The muddy water cesium removing apparatus according to the present invention includes a muddy water cesium removing unit 40 and a washing water unit 60, as shown in FIG.
The turbid water cesium removing unit 40 includes a filter body 42 including non-adsorptive particles 41 that are non-adsorptive to suspended matter in water, and a suspension in which radioactive cesium is adsorbed on the filter body 42. The muddy water supply unit 44 that supplies the muddy water 10 containing the muddy substance 12, the treated water discharge unit 46 that discharges the treated water filtered by the filter body 42, the filter body storage unit 48 that stores the filter body 42, and the non-adsorption The processing-side mesh part 50 for holding the filter body having a finer mesh than the conductive particles 41 and the take-out opening 52 for taking in and out the filter body 42 from the filter body accommodating part 48 are configured.
The washing water unit 60 includes a regeneration filter housing part 62 for housing the filter body 42 taken out from the filter body housing part 48, a washing water supply part 64 for supplying washing water to the filter body 42, and non-adsorbing particles. A regenerating net 66 for holding a filter body having a mesh finer than 41 and coarser than the suspended substance 12, and a sewage discharging unit for discharging washed water containing the suspended substance 12 that has passed through the regenerating net 66 68.

In the turbid water cesium removal apparatus of the present invention, a filter body configured to contain non-adsorbable particles that can be dispersed, and the filter layer constituting particles are washed, and suspended substances captured between the particles are taken out. By providing the constituent elements, the suspended matter that has adsorbed cesium in muddy water is separated from the water to reduce cesium in muddy water.

In the turbid water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention, preferably, the filter body (22, 42) has a tank-like structure that allows turbid water to flow into the filter body by at least one of gravity and pressure .
In the turbid water cesium removing apparatus of the present invention, preferably, the non-adsorbable particles (21, 41) that can be dispersed are exposed to the surface of the individual particles during cleaning of the filter medium, and come into contact with the cleaning water.

Turbid water in cesium removal apparatus of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, which has a filter body layered wrapped in permeable container of water, the risk of containing cesium suspended matter when swollen such river flows out A decontamination bag installed in a flow path, wherein the filter body includes non-adsorbable particles that are non-adsorbable and dispersible with respect to suspended substances in water , and Finer than the adsorbent particles and having a mesh that is coarser than the suspended substance, a processing-side mesh unit for holding the filter body, a cleaning water supply unit that supplies cleaning water to the filter body, and a passage through the processing-side network unit A sewage discharge unit for discharging washed water containing the suspended solids, and the non-adsorbent particles are pulverized and classified soda-lime glass, and the particle size range is 0.5 mm or more and 10 mm or less. Without using cesium adsorbent Wherein the removing suspended solids present in the.

Turbid water in cesium removal apparatus of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, which has a filter body layered wrapped in permeable container of water, the risk of containing cesium suspended matter when swollen such river flows out A decontamination bag installed in a certain flow path, wherein the filter body includes non-adsorbable particles that are non-adsorbable and dispersible with respect to suspended substances in water , and the decontamination bag. A processing filter accommodating part for accommodating the filter element taken out from the dyeing bag , a washing water supply part for supplying washing water to the filter element, finer than the non-adsorbing particles, and more than the suspended substance. A regenerative net part for holding a filter body having a rough mesh, a sewage discharge part for discharging washed water containing the suspended matter that has passed through the regenerative net part, and a washing water unit having , Non-adsorptive particles grind and classify soda lime glass Te, the particle size range is intended 0.5mm 10mm or more or less, without using a cesium adsorbent, and wherein the removing suspended solids present in the turbid water.

The filter body 22 is constituted by non-adsorptive particles 21 that can be discrete. The non-adsorptive particles 21 are, for example, pulverized and classified cullet and have a particle size of 0.5 mm or more and 10 mm or less, but the particle size range may be 0.5 mm or more and 10 mm or less. The cullet is “glass waste” that is once crushed when recycling glass products (soda-lime glass).
The discrete particles of the filter mean that which can expose the surface in the process of cleaning and releasing the surface deposits .

Claims (11)

A filter body that is non-adsorptive to suspended matter in water and includes at least one of discrete non-adsorptive particles or washable non-adsorptive filters;
A muddy water supply unit for supplying muddy water containing suspended solids adsorbed radioactive cesium to the filter body;
A treated water discharger for discharging treated water filtered by the filter body;
A filter body housing portion for housing the filter body;
A processing-side net part for holding a filter body, which is finer than the non-adsorbing particles and has a coarser network than the suspended substance;
A washing water supply unit for supplying washing water to the filter body;
A sewage discharger that discharges washed water containing the suspended matter that has passed through the treatment-side net; and
A muddy water cesium removal device. A filter body that is non-adsorptive to suspended matter in water and includes at least one of discrete non-adsorptive particles or washable non-adsorptive filters;
A muddy water supply unit for supplying muddy water containing suspended solids adsorbed radioactive cesium to the filter body;
A treated water discharger for discharging treated water filtered by the filter body;
A filter body housing portion for housing the filter body;
A processing-side network for holding a filter body having a finer mesh than the non-adsorbing particles;
A take-out opening for taking the filter in and out of the housing;
A muddy water cesium removal unit having
A filter body for processing containing the filter body taken out from the housing; and
A washing water supply unit for supplying washing water to the filter body;
A regenerating net for holding a filter body, which is finer than the non-adsorbing particles and has a coarser network than the suspended substance,
A sewage discharger that discharges washed water containing the suspended matter that has passed through the regenerating net; and
A washing water unit having
A muddy water cesium removal device.   3. The turbid water cesium removing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the filter body accommodating portion has a tank-like structure that allows muddy water to flow into the filter body by at least one of gravity and pressure.   The muddy water cesium removing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the filter body containing unit has a layered filter body wrapped in a water-permeable container and is installed in a flow path.   5. The cesium turbid water according to claim 1, wherein the non-adsorptive particles that can be dispersed are exposed to the surface of the individual particles when the filter medium is washed, and come into contact with washing water. Removal device.   The said filter body contains the cesium ion adsorptive particle | grains which have the selective adsorption ability substance which does not have suspension substance adsorption ability and has cesium ion adsorption ability in water. The cesium removal apparatus of muddy water described in 1.   7. The muddy water cesium removing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the cesium ion adsorbing particles are non-adsorbing suspended solids that can be further magnetized.   The cesium ion-adsorbing particles are exposed to turbid water cesium removal apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the surface of each particle is exposed at the time of filtering material cleaning, and comes into contact with cleaning water. It is a filter body accommodation part of the tank-like structure according to claim 3, wherein the filter body contains the selective adsorption ability substance according to claim 6 or 7,
The cesium in muddy water according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the filter body accommodating portion is at least one of a form incorporated in an auxiliary filter of the filter body housing portion or a packaging container for the filter body. Removal device. The filter body includes the cesium ion-adsorbing particles according to claim 6 and the discrete non-adsorbing particles that do not have a suspended substance adsorbing ability and have no cesium ion adsorbing ability in water. With
6. The cesium ion adsorbing particles and the non-adsorbing particles are different in shape or size so that both can be separated after washing. The cesium removal apparatus of muddy water described in 1. The turbid water containing the suspended substance adsorbed with radioactive cesium is non-adsorbable with respect to the suspended substance in water and includes at least one of non-adsorbable particles that can be separated or a non-adsorbable filter that can be washed. Supplying to the filter body,
Discharging the treated water filtered by the filter body;
Supplying washing water to the filter body, and washing suspended substances remaining in the filter body;
Separating the suspended matter from the wash water containing the suspended matter and recovering radioactive cesium adsorbed on the suspended matter;
A method for removing cesium in muddy water, comprising: